LETTERS, VOLUME II (1793-1813)

IV. THE GREATEST BATTLE: RUSH AND THE YELLOW FEVER, 1793-1800

1793 TO ELIZABETH GRAEME FERGUSON, I 8 JANUARY Blanchard's balloon flight-Progress of the campaign against capital punishment. TO THE HUMANE SOCIETY OF , 9 MARCH Acknowledges and sends publications-Work of the Phila­ delphia Humane Society. TO THOMAS SMITH, 14 MARCH 6JI Advice respecting Mrs. Smith's complaint of the breast. TO JAMES ABERCROMBIE, 22 APRIL Account of a dinner with Dr. Johnson at Sir Joshua Reynolds' in 1769. TO JOHN COAKLEY LETTSOM, 26 APRIL 635 Reflections on the execution of Louis XVI and England's declaration of war. TO JOHN NICHOLSON, I 2 AUGUST Gratitude for loan to African Church-Plan for a Negro farm colony. TO MRS. RUSH, 21-22 AUGUST 637 Outbreak of malignant fever from damaged coffee-5pread of influenza-Family in health-Arrival of Priestley. TO MRS. RUSH, 22-23 AUGUST 639 Account of the raising of the roof of the African Church. TO MRS. RUSH, 25-26 AUGUST 640 Alarming progress of the fever-Advises continued stay in Jersey. TO MRS. RUSH, 26-27 AUGUST 642 The boys to be sent to Trenton-Let their reading be attended to-Deaths. TO MRS. RUSH, 2 7 AUGUST 643 The boys setting out-Advice on care of them-Spread of the fever-BR's health. TO MRS. RUSH, 29-30 AUGUST 644 Pleased with Mrs. Rush's situation-Symptoms of the fever­ Methods of treatment attempted-Johnny Stall. TO MRS. RUSH, I -2 SEPTEMBER 646 Deaths-Manner of conducting funerals-Prospect of long continuation of fever-Religious sentiments. [ xxix ] CONTENTS

TO NICHOLAS BELLEVILLE, 3 SEPTEMBER 64-8 BR's method of treating the fever-Physicians who are ill. TO MRS. RUSH, J-4- SEPTEMBER 64-9 New cases-BR's fatigue and hurry-Another call-Advice respecting the boys. TO MRS. RUSH, 4 SEPTEMBER 650 Dr. Hutchinson's condition-Success of jalap and mercury when taken early. TO MRS. RUSH, 5-6 SEPTEMBER 650 Nearly all are saved to whom BR is called promptly-John Stall and John Coxe-Dr. Hutchinson-Instructions. TO MRS. RUSH, 6-7 SEPTEMBER 653 Should the fever spread to Princeton, BR will send John Coxe to treat it-Death of Hutchinson-BR's remedy called an "inoculating powder"-Work of the Negroes as nurses. TO MRS. RUSH, 8-9 SEPTEMBER 6 55 Acceleration of infection-New patients-Secretary Hamilton a victim-Religious consolations-Conduct of BR's appren­ tices. TO MRS. RUSH, IO-I I SEPTEMBER 657 A "more awful day than any I have yet seen"-New victims- The knocker now in motion-Usefulness of the blacks. TO MRS. RUSH, I I-I2 SEPTEMBER 659 Has prescribed for over I oo patients this day-Diet-Desires letters. TO HIS FELLOW CITIZENS, I 2 SEPTEMBER 660 Instructions for treating the fever-The disease "is now under the power of medicine." TO THE COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS, 12 SEPTEMBER 661 Use of the lancet in yellow fever. TO MRS. RUSH, I 2 SEPTEMBER 662 "Distress and death" in the city-Death of Warner Washing­ ton-In need of prayers. TO MRS. RUSH, IJ SEPTEMBER 663 Bleeding and purges saved "nearly one hundred lives" in BR's hands yesterday-"Prejudices, fears, and falsehoods" of his colleagues-New victims among physicians. TO MRS. RUSH, I5-I6 SEPTEMBER 664 Scarcely a family escapes-A pathetic case-Mischief done by Kuhn's publication-BR has suffered an attack of the con­ tagion which yielded to his own remedy. TO MRS. RUSH, 17 SEPTEMBER 665 BR fighting the disease upon his stumps, "like old General Har­ kemar"-Dissolution of family ties.

[ XXX ] CONTENTS

TO RACHEL RUSH MONTGOMERY, 18 SEPTEMBER 666 Recovery from an attack of the fever-Universal distress of the city. TO MRS. RUSH, I 8 SEPTEMBER 667 BR's recovery complete, but he will run no risks of relapse­ Doctors leaving the city. TO MRS. RUSH, 18-19 SEPTEMBER 668 Resumption of BR's calls-Demands upon him by sufferers­ New remedies gaining wide acceptance-BR plans to give the world an account of the disease and cure-Some of the dead -Life in BR's home-Dearness of provisions. TO MRS. RUSH, 20 SEPTEMBER 672 Increase of distress in the city-Several apprentices confined. TO MRS. RUSH, 21 SEPTEMBER 672 Increased calls-Many turned away-"The principal mortal- ity of the disease now is from the doctors''-Asks for prayers. TO MRS. RUSH, 22-23 SEPTEMBER 674 John Stall below hope-Edward Fisher ill-Marcus taken­ Heroic labors of little black Peter-BR deserted by his old medical friends. TO MRS. RUSH, 23-24 SEPTEMBER 676 Death of Stall-Pathetic scenes on BR's round of calls- Dr. Ruston's published attack on BR. TO MRS. RUSH, 24-25 SEPTEMBER 678 Advice on Mrs. Rush's situation-Death of Alston, an ap­ prentice-Richard's schooling-Want of bleeders and medi­ cines-BR's weakness-Deaths. TO ELIAS BOUDINOT, 25 SEPTEMBER 680 BR's determination to keep his post in the city-Poignant scenes in BR's back parlor-His remedies succeed but are furiously opposed by the followers of Kuhn-IOo deaths daily. TO MRS. RUSH, 25-26 SEPTEMBER 683 Account of BR's routine, to which is now added a nightly stint of putting up medicines for the poor-Prays for rain-There is only one fever in town-Clergymen at their posts. TO MRS. RUSH, 26-2 7 SEPTEMBER 684 John Coxe stricken-Others-Wistar's unfriendly publication -Would willingly retire to the plow or a country school after the epidemic. TO MRS. RUSH, 29-30 SEPTEMBER 686 Death of Mr. Powel-BR's sister in extreme danger-The new remedies have won popular acclaim. TO MRS. RUSH, 30 SEPTEMBER-I OCTOBER 688 Confidence in the rectitude of his present course-His sister slightly better-Visit to Ebenezer Hazard. [ xxxi ] CONTENTS

TO MRS. RUSH, I-2 OCTOBER 690 Death of his sister Wallace-Tribute to her devotion-Her funeral-Scarcity of provisions and of cash in the city-Bush Hill. TO ELIAS BOUDINOT, 2 OCTOBER 691 Grateful thanks for offer of help to the poor-Death of BR's sister Wallace-His routine-Conditions in the city. TO MRS. RUSH, 2-3 OCTOBER 693 Comfort in the news from Princeton-"To me belongs now nothing but the present moment"-Dr. Currie has yielded to truth-Could not think of leaving his post. TO JOHN R. B. RODGERS, 3 OCTOBER 694 Account of the origin, symptoms, and treatment of the yellow­ fever epidemic. TO MRS. RUSH, 3-4 OCTOBER 701 Burden of demands for advice by mail-News of the sick­ Hamilton and Wolcott-Kindness of patients. TO MRS. RUSH, 4-5 OCTOBER 703 Suffered a slight attack of the fever this morning-Peter stricken-"The heavens are still as brass." TO MRS. RUSH, 6-7 OCTOBER 704 Delinquency of the post office-"All is as yet a gloom before us"-Dr. Griffitts again ill-Religious consolations. TO MRS. RUSH, 7-8 OCTOBER 706 Over 100 carried to the grave today-BR's public letter has been well received-Gives thanks for untroubled dreams. TO OLIVER WOLCOTT, 8 OCTOBER 708 Death of Wolcott's servant. TO MRS. RUSH, 8-9 OCTOBER 708 Mr. Sergeant's death-Physicians ill-Nearly roo patients visit BR's house a day. TO MRS. RUSH, 9-IO OCTOBER 710 News of the victims-"All my meals are public"-The new remedies prescribed half-heartedly by many doctor&--Tribute to Edward Fisher. TO MRS. RUSH, 10-II OCTOBER 7II Nearly 2,000 deaths recorded-Return of BR's fever-Will stay within doors today. TO MRS. RUSH, I I-12 OCTOBER 712 Fisher "an enthusiast in humanity"-BR stays confined­ Thoughts of his family. TO MRS. RUSH, 13-14 OCTOBER 713 A dream of his wife-Inquiries about the children...,.-Stays con­ fined-News of the stricken. [ xxxii ] CONTENTS

TO MRS. RUSH, 14-15 OCTOBER 715 Crowds at the post office-Marcus' devotion-BR's mother uncommonly well-Expenses of housekeeping-Faithful Brin- dle. TO MRS. RUSH, 17-18 OCTOBER 716 The fever declines-Receipt of contributions from London for the African Church-The "confederacy" against BR. TO MRS. RUSH, 18-19 OCTOBER 718 Death of Dr. Sproat-Mischief done by the bark and wine doctors-Though confined, BR is "still useful." TO MRS. RUSH, 20-21 OCTOBER 719 Death of Mrs. William Smith-News of other sufferers- Dr. Sproat's burial-Marcus' visit to the Rush children at Rose Hill-Wistar and Hodge. TO MRS. RUSH, 21-22 OCTOBER 721 Appearance of the city on BR's first ride out since the lOth­ Potter's Field-News of the sick-Richard's handwriting. TO MRS. RUSH, 23-24 OCTOBER 723 Revival of the disease with warm weather-3,400 deaths thus far-Public testimonials to BR's work. TO MRS. RUSH, 24-25 OCTOBER 724 Abatement-Samuel Coates' kind assistance-Enmity of BR's colleagues tempts him to consider moving to New York. TO MRS. RUSH, 25-26 OCTOBER 726 Death of George Bullock-Disrepute of the French physicians -BR's ragged condition. TO MRS. RUSH, 27-28 OCTOBER 727 Another residence considered-Cannot promise to escort the family to town-How BR keeps his opponents in awe. TO MRS. RUSH, 28-29 OCTOBER 728 Preparations for return of family-Clamor against BR's asser- tion of local origin of fever-Meditating a retreat from . TO RACHEL RUSH MONTGOMERY, 29 OCTOBER 730 Account of the sacrificial death of their sister Rebecca-Their mother's recovery-Decline of the epidemic. TO , 29 OCTOBER 73 I Courageous aid to the stricken rendered by the Negroes. TO MRS. RUSH, 29-30 OCTOBER ' 732 Visit from Allen and Jones, Negro nurses-Their work in the epidemic-Hopes to ride to Princeton in a week or two. TO MRS. RUSH, 30-3 I OCTOBER 733 Ashbel Green-Continues to add notes for a history of the epidemic-Recollections of the darkest moments of the past months. [ xxxiii ] CONTENTS

TO MRS. RUSH, 3I OCTOBER-I NOVEMBER 734 Reflections on his sister's death-Return to the city is still dan­ gerous.:_ Ungrateful conduct of Dr. Wistar. TO MRS. RUSH, I-2 NOVEMBER Charges of avarice against BR-Nine-tenths of the purge powders from his shop were given away. TO MRS. RUSH, 3-4 NOVEMBER 737 Visit to Rose Hill to see Ben-Captain Barry-Colonel Hamil­ ton and Dr. Stevens-Deaths at Bush Hill. TO MRS. RUSH, 4-5 NOVEMBER 739 Satisfaction in his wife's conduct-Arrangements for treatise on yellow fever-Hopes to visit Princeton. TO , 5 NOVEMBER 740 Resignation from the College of Physicians. TO MRS. RUSH, 7 NOVEMBER 740 The city not yet safe-Conduct of BR's calumniators-Grati­ tude for his wife's forbearance. TO MRS. RUSH, 8 NOVEMBER 742 Decline of the disease-Account of the second attack suffered by BR on 1 o October-Preparations for the family's return. TO MRS. RUSH, I I NOVEMBER 744 Cannot visit Princeton-Contagion still possible in the city­ To take Judge Shippen's house. TO MRS. RUSH, I2 NOVEMBER 745 Thoughts upon Mrs. Rush's approach to Philadelphia-Ar­ rangements. TO JAMES KIDD, 25 NOVEMBER Congratulations upon Kidd's acceptance of professorship of Oriental languages at Aberdeen-State of Europe. 1794 TO FRANCES STALL, 5 FEBRUARY 747 Gift of a silver cup inscribed to the memory of John Stall. TO HORATIO GATES, 23 MARCH 747 Respects from an old and inveterately republican friend. TO JAMES KIDD, I3 MAY 748 Wars of other nations appear to the United States like potsherds smiting one another-Hume is prostrate before Beattie. TO THE PHILADELPHIA COMMITTEE OF HEALTH, I3 SEPTEMBER 749 Presence of yellow fever indubitable-Depletion the sole effec- tive remedy. TO JOHN REDMAN COXE, I9 SEPTEMBER 750 Outbreak of yellow fever-Opposing factions among the phy- [ xxxiv ] CONTENTS sicians-BR threatened with being drummed out of town­ Success of depletion. TO JOHN REDMAN COXE, 4 NOVEMBER 7 5 I The controversy over the nature of the prevalent disease­ Charges against BR-Opening of the medical school-Pro­ poses that Coxe qualify himself for the chair of chemistry. TO JOHN REDMAN COXE, 19 DECEMBER 753 Affairs among the faculty-The students' low opinion of Kuhn-BR's publications. TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE ABOLITION SOCIETY, UNDATED 754 Presenting 5,200 acres of land to the Society, with a plan for an agricultural community of free Negroes to be named "Bene­ zet." 1795 TO THE PENNSYLVANIA ABOLITION SOCIETY, I4JANUARY 756 Report on the proceedings of the national convention of aboli- tion societies. TO JOHN REDMAN COXE, 5 MAY 759 The progress of depleting therapeutics-Arteriotomy suggested -Darwin's Zoonomania. TO THE EARL OF BUCHAN, 25 JUNE 761 Republican happiness in the United States. TO JOHN R. B. RODGERS, 25 JUNE 761 Account of a machine for ventilating ships. TO JOHN REDMAN COXE, 5 OCTOBER 762 Pleasure in Coxe's letters-BR's new theory of mania-Use of bleeding in his own family-Miss Benezet. TO JOHN COWAN, I I OCTOBER 764 Death of Mr. Grey-Inquiries concerning treatment of fever in New York-Cowan's case book. TO JOHN REDMAN COXE, 8 DECEMBER 765 A lying-in dispensary planned-Number of students in the various medical classes-Has rejected nosology in favor of states of disease-Classification of fevers-Some successful young physicians. TO ASHTON ALEXANDER, 2 I DECEMBER 766 Affairs at the medical school-Shippen's unkindness-Manias cured by bloodletting. TO HORATIO GATES, 26 DECEMBER 767 Public neglect of Gates is inexcusable-BR's own status­ Wickedness of our fiscal system-Invitation to Philadelphia­ Their old republican friends.

[ XXXV ] CONTENTS 1796 TO JOHN REDMAN COXE, 16 JANUARY 769 Advice relative to settling in Philadelphia-Dr. Physick's suc­ cess-The Jay treaty. TO JOHN DICKINSON, 16 FEBRUARY 770 Acknowledging a manuscript work-Is preparing a work on Bible medicine-Affectionate reminiscences of their friendship. TO , I MARCH 771 Introducing Mr. Weld-Pinckney's treaty-Evil influence of British institutions in the United States. TO GRIFFITH EVANS, 4 MARCH 772 Prediction of ultimate good from the present distractions of France-Happiness of the United States--Dr. Priestley's popularity as a preacher. TO JOHN DICKINSON, 5 APRIL 773 Dickinson's "Fragment"-Priestley's sermons--Desires to see Dickinson. TO JOHN REDMAN COXE, 28 APRIL 774 Forthcoming volume of Inquiries-Success in treating mania -Barton's election to the chair of materia medica. TO JOHN RUSH, I 8 MAY 776 Advice on morals, health, &c., during John's voyage to Cal­ cutta. TO JOHN REDMAN COXE, 25 MAY 777 Dr. Caldwell's plagiarism-Purchase of a new home-News of recent graduates. , TO JAMES CURRIE, 26 JULY 779 America and Europe-Appraisal of Adams and Jefferson as presidential candidates-Situation of France-Writings in progress--Darwin. TO SAMUEL BAYARD, 22 SEPTEMBER 780 Mr. and Mrs. Rigal-Progress of BR's writings--Approach- ing national election-Fate of Dr. Ruston. TO SAMUEL BAYARD, 25 NOVEMBER 782 Epitaphs--The late election-Conduct of M. Adet-Inquiries respecting Ross Cuthbert. TO JOHN SEWARD, 28 DECEMBER 783 Pleasure in his former students' letters--Critique of Godwin­ Darwin's works-Cures for insanity. 1797 TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 4 JANUARY 784 Sends Eulogy on Rittenhouse-Congratulations on Jefferson's election to Vice-Presidency---Jefferson intend- [ xxxvi ] CONTENTS ed as successor to Rittenhouse as president of the Philosophical Society. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 4 FEBRUARY 78 5 Jefferson's paper on the great bones--Kings shall follow pre­ historic beasts to extinction-Dr. Priestley. TO JOHN DICKINSON, 2 MAY 786 Dickinson's authorship of "Fabius"-Anti-French policy con­ demned. TO JOHN MONTGOMERY, I6 JUNE 787 Likelihood of war with France-War for national honor is "nothing but duelling upon a national scale." TO HORATIO GATES, 25 AUGUST 788 Introducing Richard Rush-General Kosciuszko in Philadel­ phia-The fever expected to decline. TO HORATIO GATES, 3 SEPTEMBER 788 Kosciuszko--The fever spreads--Death of BR's friend Dr. Way. TO ASHBEL GREEN, IO SEPTEMBER 789 Dr. Way could not have died of bleeding. TO JOHN R. B. RODGERS, 25 SEPTEMBER 790 Extreme malignity of the fever-Modes of treatment-Vene­ section not used indiscriminately.

TO ANDREW BROWN1 2 OCTOBER 792 Announcing suits against John Ward Fenno and William Cobbett. TO JOHN DICKINSON, I I OCTOBER 792 Dickinson's "Fabius" letters praised-"Butchery" of BR's character in Philadelphia-Comfort in religion. TO JOHN R. B. RODGERS, I6? OCTOBER 794 Contemplates moving to New York if a medical chair at Co­ lumbia can be had. TO JOHN R. B. RODGERS, 6 NOVEMBER 795 Withdrawing his application for a post at Columbia. TO HORATIO GATES, 30 NOVEMBER 796 Mr. Garnet-Opposition to BR's appointment to a medical chair in New York-Intends to retire from medical practice. 1798 TO ASHTON ALEXANDER, 20 FEBRUARY 796 Gratitude of pupils is in inverse proportion to their obligation -Founding of Academy of Medicine-BR's duties at the Mint. [ xxxvii ] CONTENTS

TO MATHEW CAREY, 5 APRIL 798 Recent circumstances have compelled BR to borrow money to support his family. TO NOAH WEBSTER, 2 7 APRIL 798 Publication of proofs of domestic origin of yellow fever-Web- ster urged to continue publishing his investigations. TO SAMUEL COATES, JO APRIL 799 Proposing installation of baths in the insane ward at the Penn­ sylvania Hospital-Also provision for useful occupation by the inmates. TO NOAH WEBSTER, 20 JULY 799 Acknowledges Webster's Oration-Inadequacy of reason as a human motive-New England. TO JAMES CRAIK, 26 JULY 800 Congratulations on Craik's appointment as physician general­ Suggestions for the discharge of his duty. TO MRS. RUSH, 26 AUGUST 803 BR's deep pleasure in his new rural retreat-Increase of the fever-Victims. TO MRS. RUSH, 29 AUGUST 804 Death of his apprentice Smyth-Others ill-Satisfaction in his present usefulness and mode of life. TO WILLIAM MARSHALL, I 5 SEPTEMBER 806 Our globe "a melancholy spectacle of human misery"-Wash­ ington worship-Progress of the fever in Philadelphia. TO MRS. RUSH, 28 SEPTEMBER 808 Arrangements at Sydenham-Richard Parry-Continued mortality-Peter and Richard. TO RICHARD BUSHE, JR., 29 DECEMBER 810 Cannot dispense advice by letter without a fee in advance. 1799 TO NOAH WEBSTER, 20 JUNE 81 I Advice on publication of Webster's book on epidemics. TO JOHN MONTGOMERY, 2I JUNE 812 Laying of the cornerstone of Dickinson College-Nisbet's political views-New clergymen in Philadelphia-Marriage of Emily Rush. TO RACHEL BRADFORD BOUDINOT, I 8 JULY 814 Treatment for her husband's gout-Few cases of fever as yet -Fear of its increase. TO , 24 SEPTEMBER 815 Dr. Balke's medicine received but not used-Appearances favorable for decline of fever. [ xxxviii ] CONTENTS

TO TIMOTHY PICKERING, 30 SEPTEMBER 8I6 Mr. Webster's theory of epidemics-Election will be safe in Philadelphia, for the fever declines-Its local origin. 18oo TO BROCKHOLST LIVINGSTON, 5 MARCH 816 Distress caused in BR's family by Cobbett's late publications -John on his way to New York to demand satisfaction of Cobbett-Livingston requested to turn ] ohn from his purpose. TO JAMES MCHENRY, I2 AUGUST 8I8 Congratulations upon McHenry's retirement to private life. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 22 AUGUST 819 Proposal that geographical, military, and ship names be made public honors for worthy citizens-Signs of moderation in poli­ tics-Christianity and republicanism-Health of the city. TO JOHN K. READ, I 5 SEPTEMBER 822 Short statement of BR's theory of fevers-A healthy summer in Philadelphia-Declining trend of epidemic severity. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 6 OCTOBER 824 Cities are like abscesses on the body-Separation of church and state-A scale of hatreds-Slander-The first ] ohn Rush­ Recollections of their friendship-Eventual triumph of republi- can principles. TO NOAH WEBSTER, 9 DECEMBER 828 Webster's History of Epidemics-Philadelphians remain ob­ durate against truth.

V. LITERARY FAME AND DOMESTIC TRANQUILLITY, I 801-I 808 1801 TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 12 MARCH 831 Jefferson's Inaugural opens a new era in our history-Superior strength, humanity, and integrity of republican government­ Warm wishes. TO JOHN MONTGOMERY, 6 JUNE 834 Birth of BR's ninth child-Deplores the Federalist politics taught at Dickinson College-Much work to be done before the millennium. TO JAMES MADISON, 23 JUNE 835 Absurdity of quarantine laws. TO JOHN MONTGOMERY, 5 AUGUST 836 Joys of country life-Resolved to continue to serve an ungrate- ful city-The earth not prepared for the Second Coming. [ xxxix ] CONTENTS

TO THE EARL OF BUCHAN, 6 OCTOBER 838 Introducing Dr. Chapman. TO JAMES CURRIE, 20 NOVEMBER 839 Sends a small publication-Prosperity of the United States. TO JAMES RUSH, 23 NOVEMBER 839 Approval of James' letter-Rules for capitalization-Room­ mates-Cloth for a new coat-Keeping receipts. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 27 NOVEMBER 840 Sends a publication-The joyful sound of Peace-Progress and benefits of vaccination. TO JAMES MADISON, 5 DECEMBER 841 Desires a post for Richard Rush as secretary to a legation.

1802 TO JAMES RUSH, 25 JANUARY 842 James' accounts and advice thereon-John Rush-Late insur­ rection at Princeton College. TO LYMAN SPALDING, 9 FEBRUARY 843 Thanks for a copy of a bill of mortality-Usefulness of such statistics. TO , 9 FEBRUARY 844 Acknowledges a letter on vaccination-Quotes conclusion of his own recent lecture on this discovery-Eulogy of Jenner. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, I2 MARCH 847 Begs for information on Jefferson's ailment-John Rush's resignation from the navy-Vaccination. TO JOSEPH SAUNDERS COATES, 3 MAY 848 Directions for preserving health in "sickly countries." TO JAMES RUSH, 25 MAY 849 Pleasure in James' recent letter-Advice on letter-writing, on the use of time, and on useful reading. TO , 6 AUGUST 850 Introducing Dr. Otto-The ties that should bind physicians together. TO WILLIAM SMITH, IO AUGUST 851 Verses on Franklin--Proposes a series of por­ traits of diseased persons as an aid to medical studies. TO ASHBEL GREEN, 9 DECEMBER 853 BR's pleasure in hearing of systematic instruction in the evi­ dences of Christianity at Princeton-Thus will Paine and God- win be repudiated. 1803 TO JOHN MONTGOMERY, I I FEBRUARY 855 Grief over burning of the new college building at Carlisle­ Measures to be taken. [ xl ] CONTENTS

TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 12 MARCH Grateful for the history of Jefferson's ailment-Suggested remedies outlined in detail-Meriwether Lewis-Dr. Priest­ ley-BR's republican convictions. TO JAMES RUSH, 29 MARCH 86o On studies and hard work-The garden at Sydenham­ Proper choice of words. TO MARY RUSH, I APRIL 861 On her request for permission to accept Mr. Manners' offer of marriage. TO ASHBEL GREEN, 26 APRIL Directions for obtaining admission for a charity case to the Hospital. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 5 MAY Cures for diarrhoea extracted from BR's commonplace books -Jefferson's religious creed. TO JAMES RUSH, 24 MAY 865 Faulty spellings and punctuation in James' last letter-Mary's engagement. TO JOHN MONTGOMERY, 30 MAY 866 Reasons why a subscription cannot be taken now for the Col­ lege-Opposes "getting swamped in mortar"-Leaders in the recent Presbyterian Assembly. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, I I JUNE 868 Meriwether Lewis and his great undertaking. TO JAMES RUSH, 22 JUNE News from Canada-William's fall-James' florid signature disapproved. TO HORATIO GATES, 27 JULY Methods of relieving the physical distresses of old age-Affec­ tionate memories of their friendship. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 5 AUGUST Sinclair on old age-Wilson on the British in Egypt-Quar­ antine laws a form of superstition. TO JOHN DICKINSON, 6 AUGUST Condolences on the death of Mrs. Dickinson. TO THOMAS EDDY, 19 OCTOBER Declines an invitation to write a history of the Philadelphia pnson. TO JAMES RUSH, 18 NOVEMBER Sends boots-Chides James for neglecting to write. TO JAMES RUSH, 25 NOVEMBER Pleased with James' last letter-Poetry an adjunct of medicine -Shakespeare's descriptions of madness-Remedies for James' sore eyes. [ xli ] CONTENTS

TO JOHN MONTGOMERY, 9 FEBRUARY Condolence on the death of Montgomery's son-Reflections on Nisbet's death-Religious instruction at Princeton. TO JAMES RUSH, 27 MARCH Rebuke for careless letter-writing-Sends money. TO DAVID HOWELL, 27 APRIL Remedies for scabs on the face. TO JOHN COAKLEY LETTSOM, I3 MAY 88o Their disagreement on the origin and prevention of yellow fever-Climatic and social conditions in the United States re­ quire more depletion in fevers here than in Great Britain. TO JOHN SYNG DORSEY, 23 MAY 882 Reasons for different modes of practice in England and Amer­ ica-The great promise of medicine in the United States­ News of the Medical School. TO JAMES RUSH, 3I MAY 885 Exercises other than fencing recommended-Position of book and light when reading-A legible hand. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 29 AUGUST 886 Richard Rush-BR's opposition to Richard's entering public life-Character of Jesus-Health of the city. TO JOHN MARSHALL, 5 SEPTEMBER Explanation of the circumstances of BR's letter to Patrick Henry in 1778-Requests that the harsh judgment of BR's conduct be omitted from Washington's letter to Henry when published. 1805 TO JOHN ADAMS, I 9 FEBRUARY 890 Pleasure in hearing from Adams-Mary, John, and Richard Rush-BR's indifference to politics-"! live like a stranger in my native state." TO JOHN ADAMS, 23 MARCH 892 Further domestic history-The dream that discouraged BR from political activities--L. H. Stockton-]. Q. Adams. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 29 APRIL 894 Application for appointment as director of the Mint. TO JAMES RUSH, 4 JUNE 895 Health measures-Will prepare a commencement oration for James on female education. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, I 5 JUNE 896 Satisfaction in the appointment of Robert Patterson to the Mint-Suggests a congressional inquiry into quarantine laws. [ xlii ] CONTENTS

TO JOHN ADAMS, 29 JUNE 897 Reminiscence of a trip to Point-no-Point-Contest between McKean and Snyder in Pennsylvania-Disillusionment with politics. TO JOHN ADAMS, I4 AUGUST 900 Analysis of parties in Pennsylvania-France and Britain­ Project of writing "Memoirs of the American Revolution" abandoned-Repute of Washington and Hamilton-Paine, Duane, and Tench Coxe. TO JOHN ADAMS, 2 I SEPTEMBER 904 Recollection of Adams' pronouncements on international af­ fairs-Duane and McKean-Visit of General Moreau-The folly of Philadelphians respecting the yellow fever-Washing- ton's talents as writer. TO JOHN ADAMS, 2I NOVEMBER 908 Adams' inner history of our government-General Muhlen­ berg's influence-Hamilton's influence on Washington­ Gratitude for Mint appointment. TO JAMES MADISON, 3 DECEMBER 910 Introducing General Miranda, "still the friend of liberty." TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 6 DECEMBER 910 Encloses pamphlets on yellow fever for the use of the commit- tee investigating quarantine policy. 1806 TO JOHN ADAMS, 6 JANUARY 9 I I General Miranda's anecdotes, particularly of Hamilton-Chi­ canery in the funding law-Eaton and Decatur. TO JAMES MADISON, 30 JANUARY 9I4 Madison's pamphlet-Anecdote of George Grenville and Henry Laurens. TO JOHN ADAMS, I5 MARCH 9I5 The barilla-Excerpt from a farewell lecture on BR's sys- tem of medicine-The world in turmoil. TO JOHN COAKLEY LETTSOM, I 8 APRIL 917 Progress of vaccination-The yellow fever not contagious. TO JAMES MONROE, 2 I APRIL 9 I 8 BR's exchanges with Baron Kloest. TO JOHN ADAMS, IO JUNE 918 Gloomy reflections on the condition of the world-McKean­ Talleyrand on America-Miranda and Adams' grandson. TO DAVID R. PATTESON, I9 JUNE 92I Salivation prescribed for Patteson's pulmonary complaint­ Religious advice. [ xliii ] CONTENTS

TO JOHN ADAMS, I I JULY 92 I Cumberland's Memoirs-Proposes Adams write his memoirs -John Rush's return to the navy-Weakness of human rea- son. TO JOHN ADAMS, 22 AUGUST 925 Disquisition on silent men-Grandison and Clarissa-John Quincy's inaugural at Harvard-Life and influence of Priest- ley. TO MRS. RUSH, 19 SEPTEMBER 928 Miss Macpherson's rescue at sea-A manual of deportment for little Julia. TO THE EARL OF BUCHAN, 22 OCTOBER 929 The box made from Wallace's Oak-The Erskines. TO BENJAMIN VAUGHAN, 22 OCTOBER 931 Vaughan's plan for a scientific periodical-BR and his fellow scientists--Lectures. TO JOHN ADAMS, 24 OCTOBER 933 BR's "constant round of business"-State election-Two pamphlets. TO JOHN ADAMS, 25 NOVEMBER 935 "Influence of Physical Causes upon the Moral Faculty"­ Swift's Tale of a Tub-Follies of the perfectibilitarians. 1807 TO JOHN ADAMS, 23 JANUARY 936 Truth of the Scriptures-The Burr plot-General Eaton's report. TO JOHN WARREN, 10 FEBRUARY 937 Translation of a German medical treatise-High status of medical science in Germany. TO JOHN ADAMS, 3 APRIL 938 Burr's plans and character-McKean will either die or be im­ peached. TO WILLIAM ROSCOE, I I APRIL 939 Thanks for Leo the Tenth-Sends a copy of his own Essays -Progress toward abolition of slavery. TO JOHN ADAMS, 22 APRIL 940 The mysterious William Smith-John Rush's report of Burr's objective-McKean reprieved-Medical graduation. TO JOHN ADAMS, I 2 MAY 942 Adams' early revolutionary views-Burr in Philadelphia­ Richard and William Penn-A medal from the Queen of Etruria. [ xliv ] CONTENTS

TO ASHBEL GREEN?, 22 MAY 946 Thoughts on training young men for the ministry. TO JOHN ADAMS, 9 JUNE 948 Mr. Land-Visit from BR's daughters and their children. TO JOHN ADAMS, 9 JULY 949 Alexander Cruden on the divine plan of justice-Prudence a doubtful virtue-Bishop White-Colonel Burr. TO JOHN ADAMS, 31 OCTOBER 952 On disinterestedness-Washington as writer, thinker, and reader-Veterinary medicine-Why BR refused to preside at a town meeting. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 28 NOVEMBER 956 Recommending Benjamin Waterhouse as physician of the Marine Hospital at . TO RICHARD PETERS, 28 NOVEMBER 957 Calumnies directed at BR for his reported assertion of the im­ mortality of brute creation. TO JOHN ADAMS, I 5 DECEMBER 958 Mr. Liston on General Washington-Protests against resi­ dence of Congress at Washington-John's duel at New Or­ leans. 1808 TO JOHN ADAMS, I 8 FEBRUARY 960 Preparations for celebrating Washington's birthday-Clamors against the Embargo. TO TIMOTHY PICKERING, 2 MARCH 961 Lunar influence on the human body doubted-Pickering's son. TO JOHN ADAMS, 5 APRIL 962 Short account of BR's religious history-The second trial of the Boudinot-Bradford suit-Tribute to Dr. Redman. TO JOHN ADAMS, 13 JUNE 965 J. Q. Adams' dismissal from the Senate a blessing-BR's dis­ illusionment with the fruits of the Revolution-We are a "be­ dollared nation"-Moreau on America. TO SAMUEL MILLER, 5 JULY 967 Likelihood of Miller's being offered presidency of Dickinson College-Advantages of the post. TO JOHN MONTGOMERY, 5 JULY 9?9 Purchase of electrical and galvanic apparatus for Dickinson College-Dr. Miller. TO JOHN ADAMS, 13 JULY 970 Political outlook in Pennsylvania-Unpopularity of the Em­ bargo-Last days and death of Dr. Shippen-William Duane. [ xlv ] CONTENTS

TO SAMUEL MILLER, 2! JULY 972 Regrets Miller's declining the presidency of Dickinson College. TO JOHN MONTGOMERY, IO AUGUST 973 Money expended for scientific apparatus-Ashbel Green pro­ posed as principal. TO JOHN ADAMS, 24- AUGUST 974 Conquest of Spain-Character of Napoleon-A Democratic tribute to Adams-Losses suffered by BR-Projected "Rules of Health"-Ross and Snyder. TO JOHN ADAMS, I 6 SEPTEMBER 976 BR's dream of his presidency-Habit far stronger than reason in man-Hence the failure of the Embargo. TO LOUIS VALENTIN, r6 SEPTEMBER 980 Acknowledges letters and medical pamphlets-BR's pleasure in reading French medical writings-Tracheitis-Other medi- cal news. TO JOHN ADAMS, 22 SEPTEMBER 982 Opinion in Philadelphia on international affairs-State of par­ ties-Regret for his own time lost in political causes. TO ROBERT DAVIDSON, 7 OCTOBER 985 Dr. Miller's election-An air pump purchased-Davidson's labors for the College. TO SAMUEL MILLER, 8 OCTOBER 986 Miller's election as principal of Dickinson College-Scriptural injunctions. TO JOHN ADAMS, 2! OCTOBER 988 Democratic triumph in Pennsylvania-Homage to Wilkinson in Philadelphia-A Maryland hermit. TO MATHEW CAREY, 24 NOVEMBER 989 Lord Baltimore's lesson to William Penn in religious tolera­ tion-Deplores sectarian prejudices. TO JOHN ADAMS, I4- DECEMBER 990 Appeal for a letter-"Watchman, what of the night?"

VI. LAST YEARS OF A REPUBLICAN PHYSICIAN, r809-I813

1809 TO JOHN ADAMS, IJ JANUARY 993 The Biblical prophecies-Human depravity-McKean on the citizens of Pennsylvania-Judge Rush. TO JOHN ADAMS, 20 FEBRUARY 994 Dream of a Federalist meeting on the Embargo-Futility of political efforts to improve men. [ xlvi ] CONTENTS

TO JOHN ADAMS, 2 MARCH 996 The Embargo---Political factionalism in Pennsylvania-John Binns-Senseless conduct of public bodies. TO JOHN ADAMS, IJ MARCH 997 Vice a greater evil than war-President Madison and J. Q. Adams-We are "all Frenchmen or all Englishmen." FROM THE MEDICAL FACULTY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA TO PRESIDENT MADISON, 29 MARCH 999 Concerning qualifications for medical commissions in the armed services. TO JOHN ADAMS, I APRIL 1000 Adams again urged to write his memoirs-Binns-The "Fort Rittenhouse" affair-Rewards of the Revolutionary leaders. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 3 MAY 1003 Felicitations on Jefferson's return to private life-BR's hap­ piness in his profession. TO JOHN ADAMS, 5 MAY 1004 Adams' pamphlet on seamen's rights-Pro-British sentiment in Philadelphia-James and Richard Rush. TO MRS. RUSH, 7 JULY 1006 How the Rush family celebrated the Fourth-Candidates for Dr. Woodhouse's chair. TO JAMES CHEETHAM, I7 JULY 1007 Answers to queries respecting Thomas Paine. TO MRS. RUSH, 21-22 JULY IOIO Misses her company-News of the boys--Erskine's convention -Cases of yellow fever. TO JOHN ADAMS, 26 JULY 1012 Mrs. Rush's tour-James, Richard, and John. TO JOHN ADAMS, 14 AUGUST 1013 Plea to Adams to write a memoir on his role in the Revolu­ tion-Cheetham's book on Paine-John's return to the navy. TO JAMES RUSH, I7 AUGUST IOI5 The Rushes in Canada-Richard's forthcoming marriage­ Friends to visit in Edinburgh-"Tell me everything you see, hear, and feel." TO JAMES RUSH, 4 SEPTEMBER 1017 Arrival of Richard's bride-BR's publications in the press­ Arrival of Mr. Jackson as British minister. TO JOHN ADAMS, 6 SEPTEMBER I019 Recent reading-Indifference to politics-Richard's bride- W arks in the press. TO JOHN ADAMS, 17 OCTOBER 1021 Lord Bacon on great men-Dream of reconciliation between Adams and Jefferson in November 1809. [ xlvii ] CONTENTS

TO GEORGE CLYMER, 25 NOVEMBER 1023 Arguments favoring the establishment of chairs m natural philosophy and rural economy. TO JAMES RUSH, 29 NOVEMBER 1024 Pleasure in James' letters--Affectionate memories of Edin­ burgh friends-Medical news. TO JOHN ADAMS, 5 DECEMBER 1026 Controversy between Dr. Hobart and Dr. Mason-News of the Rush children-BR's medical class. TO JOHN KINGSTON, 5 DECEMBER 1028 Prefers to have no notice of his life in Kingston's forthcoming biographical dictionary. TO JAMES RUSH, 22 DECEMBER 1029 Advice to keep a pocket "remembrancer"-Lecture on the unity of disease-Dr. Caldwell's conduct-Wit the least valu- able of social talents-Dickinson College under Atwater­ Mrs. Hogg. 1810

TO JAMES CHEETHAM, 6 JANUARY 1033 Thanks for a copy of Cheetham's Paine-Implications of Paine's last illness and death. TO JOHN ADAMS, I FEBRUARY I034 Macon's bill-Government a form of chains, and our gover- nors are jailers--Hartley's writings. TO JAMES RUSH, 7 FEBRUARY 1035 John's return and confinement in the Hospital-Dr. Caldwell -Medical cases-Dr. Physick-Visits to asylums advised­ Peace or war with England? TO JAMES RUSH, I9 MARCH 1038 Social advantages of Edinburgh-Advice on James' studies in London-Dr. Chapman-Dr. Caldwell-Gifts to chil­ dren. TO JOHN ADAMS, 26 APRIL 1041 Arrival of John Rush from New Orleans-His condition and prospects-John Randolph. TO JAMES RUSH, I MAY 1043 Advice on health-Opportunities in London-Family news. TO JOHN COAKLEY LETTSOM, 3 MAY 1045 Yellow fever may be taken more than once-Publications. TO ROBERT BARCLAY, 9 MAY 1046 Presenting a bowl made from the wood of Penn's Treaty Elm. TO JAMES RUSH, 10 MAY 1048 Introduces James West-Advice on touring-John Penn­ Tranquillizing chair-Editions of Pringle and Lind. [ xlviii ] CONTENTS

TO JOSEPHUS BRADNER STUART, 24 MAY 1049 Cancer doctors and cures. TO JAMES RUSH, 8 JUNE 1050 Sends f2oo-How James is to employ his time in London­ Medical jurisprudence-Silliman's Travels-Book-buying­ John Rush. TO JAMES HAMILTON, 27 JUNE 1053 BR's name not to be inscribed in the new Dickinson College building-Why the tuition should be raised. TO JOHN ADAMS, 4 JULY 1054 Napoleon and George III-Celebration of the Fourth of July -News of the Rush children. TO JAMES RUSH, 5 JULY 1056 Desires news of James, especially of his health-Faculty ap­ pointments--Richard's prosperity-John Rush. TO DAVID HOSACK, 15 AUGUST 1057 Spanish translation of BR's Account of the Yellow Fever­ Mitchell's letter on yellow fever-Disputes of doctors. TO JOHN REDMAN COXE, 5 SEPTEMBER 1058 Account of the "Tranquillizer," with explanation of its thera­ peutic advantages. TO JOHN ADAMS, 8 SEPTEMBER 1060 The Port Folio-Dr. Chapman's enmity to BR-Enumera- tion of types of hatreds BR has endured-Robert Walsh. TO THE MANAGERS OF THE PENNSYLVANIA HOSPITAL, 24 SEPTEMBER 1063 Recommending improvements in facilities, staff, regulations, and therapy. TO JOHN ADAMS, 2 OCTOBER I066 Classical and modern languages-Epitaph on American liber­ ties--Charles Thomson-]. Q. Adams on Ames' Works. TO JAMES RUSH, 4 OCTOBER 1069 On keeping a "remembrancer"-Sir Joseph Banks--Medical dissensions at Edinburgh-Lecture on medical jurisprudence -Financial arrangements. TO JOHN ADAMS, 8 OCTOBER Sends account of a remedy for madness that might well be used for warring sovereigns and quarreling politicians. TO SAMUEL BAYARD, 23 OCTOBER 1071 Introducing Mr. Gloucester, a Negro clergyman in need of funds to purchase the freedom of his family. TO JAMES MADISON, 29 OCTOBER 1072 Sends report of London African Institution-Can nothing be done to curb the infamous practices described therein? [ xlix ] CONTENTS

TO JOHN ADAMS, 2I DECEMBER 1072 Sentiments of affection-Napoleon and the dead languages­ Bank mania in Philadelphia.

1811 TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 2 JANUARY 1073 John Rush's duel and insanity-BR's volume of lectures­ Hartley's Observations upon Man-Hopes for reconciliation between Adams and Jefferson. TO JOHN ADAMS, IO JANUARY 1076 J. Q. Adams on Fisher Ames-Government prostituted by speculation-Napoleon and the classics. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, I FEBRUARY 1078 Jefferson and Mrs. Adams-Arguments in favor of a renewal of friendship between the ex-Presidents-The mammoth in Genesis-Evils of banks. TO JOHN ADAMS, 4 FEBRUARY 1080 Coins for J. Q. Adams-Richard's appointment as attorney general of the state-Spawning of state banks. TO FRANCISCO DE MIRANDA, 27 MARCH 1081 Encouragement to Miranda in his revolutionary efforts-In­ troduces Mr. Curwen. TO JAMES MONROE, I JUNE 1082 A medical communication-Approval of Monroe's political course. TO JOHN ADAMS, IJ JUNE 1083 An imaginary dialogue-Celebration of the approaching Fourth-Governor Gerry-Family news and inquiries. TO JOHN ADAMS, 28 JUNE 1086 Second scene of the dialogue-BR's handbill warning against use of ardent spirits-"No good effort is lost"-Posthumous fame. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 28 JUNE 1087 Encloses handbill against ardent spirits. TO THE EARL OF BUCHAN, 8 JULY 1088 Buchan's Address-The ardent desire of nine out of ten Americans is peace with Great Britain-Sends an inkstand made from Penn's Elm. TO JOHN ADAMS, 20 JULY 1089 The Fourth of July-Recollection of the signing of the Dec­ laration-A tory sneer at Franklin-The real madmen are those who try to cure erring mankind. TO JOHN ADAMS, 6 AUGUST 1092 Human reason-Adams' speech of 2 July 1776-Franklin's estate. [ 1 ] CONTENTS

TO JOHN ADAMS, I 9 AUGUST !093 Franklin's honesty as a public servant-False presentation of Revolutionary events by historians-Tory reactionaries. TO JOHN ADAMS, 20 AUGUST I095 Appeal to Adams to write a testament for his countrymen. TO JOSEPHUS BRADNER STUART, 24 AUGUST !097 Advice against taking service in the British medical corps in Portugal. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 26 AUGUST I098 Itemized list of prescriptions for Jefferson's rheumatic com­ plaint-America and Britain. TO JOHN ADAMS, 4 SEPTEMBER I IOO Rebuttal of Adams' objection to writing an address to his coun­ trymen-Death of Fitzsimons-Integrity the highest virtue. TO JOHN ADAMS, 20 SEPTEMBER I I04 The sole remedy for Mrs. Smith's tumor is the knife-Bank of the United States-Boudinot's profits. TO JOHN ADAMS, I 8 OCTOBER I I06 Congratulations on the happy result of Mrs. Smith's operation -Return of James and Mary Rush from England. TO JAMES MONROE, 8 NOVEMBER I I07 Thanks for a copy of the President's message on relations with the warring powers. TO JOHN ADAMS, 9 DECEMBER I I07 Richard's acceptance of a federal post-BR's objections to it not heeded. TO JOHN ADAMS, I 6 DECEMBER I I IO Sends a long extract of a recent letter from Jefferson expressing friendly sentiments toward Adams. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, I 7 DECEMBER I I I I Has sent Adams extracts from Jefferson's recent letter-Ran­ dolph's speeches-Richard's departure for Washington. TO JOHN ADAMS, 26 DECEMBER' I I I4 Persecutions suffered by BR the principal reason for his regret at Richard's leaving-Compares his own character with Jere­ miah's. 1812

TO JOHN ADAMS, I 5 JANUARY I I I7 A naval force essential to maintain our independence-Presi­ dential contest-Bank mania-Gerry's speech. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, I I FEBRUARY I I I8 Pleasure in hearing of Adams' letter to Jefferson-Colonel William Smith should be provided for. [ li ] CONTENTS

TO JOHN ADAMS, I2 FEBRUARY TO 9 MARCH I I I9 History of BR's relations with . TO JOHN ADAMS, 17 FEBRUARY II26 Press of medical business-Renewal of Adams-Jefferson cor­ respondence-Praise of Adams' epistolary style. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 3 MARCH I I27 BR's satisfaction in the reconciliation of the two ex-Presidents -Tribute to Adams as writer. TO NATHAN BENJAMIN, 15 APRIL 1128 Detailed list of remedies for Benjamin's respiratory disorder. TO DAVID PETRIKIN, 2I APRIL II30 Advice to one beginning a medical career. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, 26 APRIL I I3 I Jefferson's letter to Adams-Mr. Lyman's family-Intrigues of Mr. Henry. TO JOHN ADAMS, 5 MAY I I32 Adams and Pickering-Pickering and Greene on Washington -Diseases of the Mind-The war question. TO JOHN ADAMS, I9 MAY 1134 Adams' wisdom on the public crisis-Disaffection in Jersey and elsewhere-Stephen Girard-War as inevitable a disease as smallpox and measles-Adams' Defence of the Constitutions of the United States. TO JOHN ADAMS, 2 JUNE I I36 Career and character of Stephen Girard-William McCorkle -Cobbett on Adams and BR-Likelihood of a declaration of war-Dr. Logan-Captain William Jones. TO JOHN ADAMS, 4 JUNE 1138 Their correspondence-Presbyterian General Assembly- Prayer as a natural expression-Slander. TO WILLIAM EUSTIS, 4 JUNE I I40 Recommending that a copy of ·Pringle's treatise on military medicine be placed in every army medical chest. TO MAXWELL MCDOWELL, I I JUNE 1140 Advice on Mr. Norris' case-The new medical school m Baltimore-Dr. Davidge. TO DAVID HOSACK, 20 JUNE II4I Invitation to stop with BR on his forthcoming visit to Phila­ delphia. TO VINE UTLEY, 25 JUNE I 142 Answers to queries concerning BR's health, diet, and daily habits. TO JOHN ADAMs, 27 JUNE 1144 Jefferson and Adams on Christianity-Gerry as vice-presiden- [ Iii ] CONTENTS tial candidate-"A bebanked, bewhiskied, and bedollared na­ tion." TO JOHN ADAMS, 8 JULY I I46 Unpreparedness of the nation for war-Effect of the war on BR's family-Britain a worse offender than France-Lack of "war passions" in the nation. TO EDWARD HARRIS, II JULY II49 Remedies for Harris' ailment. TO JOHN ADAMS, I3 JULY II50 Account of a visit to BR's birthplace in Byberry. TO JOHN ADAMS, I8 JULY II53 Peace impossible among beings constituted as we are-On the office of President-Miss Lyman-Richard's Oration. TO JOHN ADAMS, 8 AUGUST II56 Cromwell's trooper, John Rush-Adams' progenitors­ Gloomy public prospects--Conduct of Great Britain-Talley- rand on the mercenary spirit of Americans. TO JOHN ADAMs, 20 AUGUST II60 A cask of muscat wine from Samos presented to Adams. TO JOHN ADAMS, 2I AUGUST II60 Classification of Federalists and Democrats-Captain Madi- son's difficulty in commanding so motley a crew-Colonel Smith. TO J 0 fiN ADAMS, I I SEPTEMBER I I 6 I The wine from Samos-The political situation-Colonel Smith-Benjamin, Jr. TO DAVID HOSACK, 25 SEPTEMBER II63 Clinton's Discourse-BR's views on the origin of the prehis- toric mounds. TO JOHN ADAMS, 4 NOVEMBER II64 Sends a copy of Diseases of the Mind-Its aim-Advantages of naval over military power-Lecture on the conduct of phy- SICians. TO JOHN ADAMs, 17 NOVEMBER II66 Naval power-Wars unavoidable-Quaker principles and con­ duct-George Clymer. TO JOHN ADAMS, 14 DECEMBER I I68 Praise of Adams' allegory-Reception of Diseases of the Mind in Philadelphia-BR's prosperity-Decatur's victory. TO JOHN ADAMS, 19 DECEMBER II70 What has gripped the American Eagle by the taiP-An ad­ dress to "Mr. Hobby"-Readheffer's perpetual-motion ma­ chine. [ liii ] CONTENTS

TO THE MANAGERS OF THE PENNSYLVANIA HOSPITAL, 26 DECEMBER II72 Hygienic improvements necessary in the Hospital. TO ASHBEL GREEN, 3I DECEMBER 1173 Disciplinary problems at Princeton-Cordial wishes. 1813 TO JOHN ADAMS, 8 JANUARY 1175 New Year's greetings-Adams' stamina-Sympathy for Dr. Waterhouse's difficulties-Affection for horses. TO JOHN ADAMS, 22 JANUARY I I 77 Colonel Smith's good fortune-Naval anecdotes-Waterhouse -Diseases of the Mind. TO THE TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA, 30 JANUARY II79 Urges requiring a three-year course for a medical degree. TO JOHN ADAMS, 8 FEBRUARY I I 8 I Denial of prejudice toward New England-Tory alliance against BR in Philadelphia-Ben Rush's escape from the Algerines. TO JOHN ADAMS, IS FEBRUARY 1183 Adams' writings on the navy-Dr. Waterhouse-General Winchester's defeat. TO THE TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA, I MARCH 1184 Further plea for a three-year medical course-Requirements for a degree. TO THOMAS TRUXTUN, 5 MARCH I I86 Arrangements for admitting Truxtun's Negro servant to the Pennsylvania Hospital. TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, I5 MARCH 1186 Mr. Carver, a veterinarian-Folly of our attempted conquest of Canada-Naval preferable to land war-Proposed work on Hygiene. TO JOHN ADAMS, 16 MARCH I I90 Waterhouse's son-Examining candidates--Our generals fee- ble in talents and health. TO WILLIAM GRAYDON, 24 MARCH II9I Will supply what Bibles are available for the poor of Harris­ burg. TO JOHN ADAMS, 10 APRIL I I9I Carey's proposed history of the U.S. Navy-Parish and Gi- rard have filled up the loan-Sectional strains on the Union -Return of Benjamin, Jr. [ liv ] CONTENTS

TO SAMUEL MILLER, IJ APRIL I I9J Congratulations on Miller's biography of Rodgers--"The Apostolic Age of the Presbyterian Church in America"-A specimen of pulpit eloquence.

APPENDICES I. Rush and Washington I I 97 II. ] ohn Adams' Appointment of Rush as Treasurer of the Mint I209 III. The Cobbett-Rush Feud I2IJ

LIST OF SHORT TITLES AND OTHER ABBREVIATIONS I2I9

INDEX I2JI

[ lv ]