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Review of the World Food Programme's Review of the World Food Programme’s Humanitarian and Development Effectiveness 2006-2011 SYNTHESIS REPORT MARCH 2012 Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) 200 Promenade du Portage Gatineau, Québec K1A 0G4 Canada Telephone: 819-997-5006 / 1-800-230-6349 (toll-free) For the hearing- and speech-impaired: 819-953-5023 / 1-800-331-5018 (toll-free) Fax: 819-953-6088 Website: www.cida.gc.ca/evaluations-e E-mail: [email protected] © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, 2012 Cette publication est aussi disponible en français sous : Revue de l'efficacité de l'aide humanitaire et du développement du Programme alimentaire mondial Printed in Canada Review of the World Food Programme’s Humanitarian and Development Effectiveness 2006-2011 SYNTHESIS REPORT MARCH 2012 Acknowledgments CIDA‟s Evaluation Directorate wishes to thank all who contributed to this review for their valued input, their constant and generous support, and their patience. Our thanks go first to the independent team from the firm, Goss Gilroy Inc., made up of co-team leaders Ted Freeman and Sheila Dohoo Faure and analysts Danielle Hoegy, Molly McCreary and Kofi Kobia. Michelle Guertin, CIDA Evaluation Manager, substantially revised the report, bringing it to its present form. The Evaluation Directorate would also like to thank the management team of CIDA‟s International Humanitarian Assistance Directorate (Multilateral and Global Programs Branch) at Headquarters in Gatineau for its valuable support. Our thanks also go to the representatives of the WFP for their helpfulness and their useful, practical advice to the evaluators. CIDA would also like to thank the Policy and Operations Evaluation Department of the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs for its interest in this approach to assessing the development effectiveness of multilateral organizations and for its specific support of this review. We wish to thank CIDA Evaluation Manager, Michelle Guertin, for guiding this review to completion and Evaluation Director, Rafika Amira, for overseeing the review. Goberdhan Singh Director General Evaluation Directorate Review of the World Food Programme’s Humanitarian and Development Effectiveness i Table of Contents Executive Summary .................................................................................................................vi 1.0 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background.................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Why Conduct this Review? .......................................................................................... 1 1.3 WFP: A Global Organization Committed to Fighting Hunger ........................................ 2 2.0 Methodology ...................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Rationale ..................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 Scope .......................................................................................................................... 7 2.3 Criteria ......................................................................................................................... 8 2.4 Limitations ................................................................................................................... 9 3.0 Findings on WFP’s Humanitarian and Development Effectiveness .............................10 3.1 Evaluations Report that WFP is Achieving Most of its Objectives and Expected Results 14 3.2 WFP Faces Challenges with Gender Equality and Environmental Sustainability .........18 3.3 Sustainability of Benefits/Results is a Challenge .........................................................21 3.4 WFP Programs are Highly Relevant to their Context ...................................................25 3.5 Evaluations Report Mixed Results in Efficiency ...........................................................29 3.6 Good Use of Evaluation, but Inadequate Performance Frameworks and Weak Monitoring .............................................................................................................................32 4.0 WFP and Canada’s Priorities in International Humanitarian Assistance and Development ...........................................................................................................................35 4.1 CIDA‟s Support for WFP .............................................................................................35 4.2 Managing CIDA‟s Relationship with WFP ...................................................................37 4.3 Alignment with CIDA‟s Thematic Priorities ..................................................................38 4.4 How is WFP Fulfilling the Strategic Objectives that CIDA Identified? ..........................39 5.0 Conclusions .....................................................................................................................43 6.0 Recommendations for CIDA ............................................................................................46 Annex 1: Criteria Used to Assess Humanitarian and Development Effectiveness ............48 Review of the World Food Programme’s Humanitarian and Development Effectiveness ii Annex 2: Evaluation Sample ..................................................................................................50 Annex 3: Methodology ............................................................................................................55 Annex 4: Evaluation Quality - Scoring Guide ........................................................................64 Annex 5: Guide for Review Team to Classify Evaluation Findings According to the Common Humanitarian and Development Evaluation Assessment Criteria ......................67 Annex 6: Corporate Documents Reviewed ...........................................................................82 Annex 7: CIDA Funding to Multilateral Humanitarian and Development Organizations ....84 Annex 8: Recent Changes at WFP .........................................................................................86 Annex 9: Management Response ..........................................................................................90 Figures Figure 1: Types of WFP Evaluations .......................................................................................... 6 Figure 2: Number of Evaluations Addressing Sub-criteria for Humanitarian and Development Objectives and Expected Results ..............................................................................................14 Figure 3: Achievement of Humanitarian and Development Objectives and Expected Results ...15 Figure 4: Number of Evaluations Addressing Sub-criteria for Cross Cutting Themes – Gender Equality and Environmental Sustainability .................................................................................18 Figure 5: Cross-cutting Themes – Gender Equality ...................................................................19 Figure 6: Number of Evaluations Addressing Sub-criteria for Sustainability of Results/Benefits 22 Figure 7: Sustainability of Results/Benefits ...............................................................................23 Figure 8: Number of Evaluations Addressing Sub-criteria for Relevance...................................25 Figure 9: Relevance of Interventions .........................................................................................26 Figure 10: Number of Evaluations Addressing Sub-criteria for Efficiency ..................................29 Figure 11: Efficiency .................................................................................................................30 Figure 12: Number of Evaluations Addressing Sub-criteria for Using Evaluation and Monitoring to Improve Humanitarian and Development Effectiveness ........................................................32 Figure 13: Using Evaluation and Monitoring to Improve Humanitarian and Development Effectiveness ............................................................................................................................33 Figure 14: CIDA Funding to WFP: 2005/06 to 2010/11 ($ Canadian millions) ...........................36 Figure 15: Type of Evaluation, as a Percentage of All Evaluations Reviewed ...........................58 Review of the World Food Programme’s Humanitarian and Development Effectiveness iii Figure 16: Year of Evaluation, as a Percentage of All Evaluations Reviews ..............................59 Figure 17: Levels of Coverage for Each Assessment by Criterion and Sub-Criterion ................60 Tables Table 1: Direct Expenses, by Category, 2007 – 2010................................................................. 3 Table 2: Percentage of Evaluations Reporting Findings of Satisfactory and Unsatisfactory for each Sub-Criterion, and Number of Evaluations Addressing each Sub-Criterion .......................11 Review of the World Food Programme’s Humanitarian and Development Effectiveness iv List of Abbreviations CIDA Canadian International Development Agency DAC Development Assistance Committee DAC-EVALNET DAC Network on Development Evaluation EMOP Emergency Operation GHD Good Humanitarian Donorship MOPAN Multilateral Organization Performance Assessment Network OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation
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