18 - Educationalist Nat Your last chance! Goodman argues for 35 more in the classrooms. 36 Edson de Castro, pre• Software is a creative sident of Data General, art. So says Brian John Rankine of IBM I Our cover report this dispels some of the says his company is Cohen, who confesses month deals with the health hazard fears sur• going to be around to enjoying the busi• industry in rounding visual display for a long time yet. ness of programming. the Republic of China. terminals. 75 15 28 60

The annual Hong Kong Computer Conference Our Man About Town And Simple Simon, was most notable this devotes his space this in his usual place at year for the degree of month to the Hong the back of the book, criticism levelled at the Kong Computer Con• has become security ference. conscious. government. 82 19 31

Published: first d1y of each month Advertising Representatives KOREA THAILAND Mr. Kim Kyong-Hae Mr. Plra SNhlm PUBLISHER: Syme Media Enterprises AUSTRALIA Global Advertising Slim Mdll lnlemll18111I Co. Melbourne Yoldo P.O. 801217 GP0 ... 1534 Ltd., Shlng Lee Commercial Building, Mr. Gareth Threlkeld. Seoul, Korn. Blngull. Thllllnd 6 Wing Kut Street, Hong Kong. David Syme & Co Ltd .. Tel: 782-8-419. 782·11875. Tel: 235-1111 Tel: s-,2132B. ne 65808 Syme HX. 250 Spenm Street. Tix K25792 SOGANG Tix: 14333 IRSCD TH Cable: SYMEDIA Melbourne 3000. Au1lrall1. Ttl 60CM21. Tix AA30331. EDITOR: Jack Spackman UNITED IONGDOM PHILIPPINES Ma. Ertu Bourdon Slllitll, ASSISTANT EDITOR: Vanaja Ohanan EUROPE Mr. Francis T. WIIIOII ..... "--11h ... PRODUCTION EDITOR: Marl1 Flynn Mr. Sien .llnson. F.T. Wiison & ._ ...... Al, .. Cllllla ...... MARKETING: Trevor Colvin Janson M1rl

SPECIALIST STAFF SERVICES I Please send me information on: With our years of experience in a professional approach to I D Recruitment the selection and placement of D.P. staff, Datapeople can offer: I DSearch • Unique register of over 1,000 computer personnel. OPlacement •Technical evaluation by staff with in-depth experience in the D.P industry. I D Contract staff • Full inter-personal screening and reference checking. I •Confidentiality for both applicant and client. I Name: *For further information please telephone Rosaline Tam on 5-8522211 I Company: atapeop e:u:ri Address: 5/F Arion Commercial Centre, 2 Queen's Road West, Hong Kong. Telephone: Mail: G.P.O. Box 10067 Tel: 5-8522211, Tix: 60636 HKCB A

COMPUTER-ASIA JULY 1983. your last chance to win a MED-RY absolutely free!

Here is your last chance to own a powerful double-drive free of charge. Computer-Asia and Basis Microcomputer Ltd have joined together to give you this chance D D D D D rn

HERE'S HOW IT WORKS:

• • ....it. These four black and white photo• -::.�u-1"'@ Qt"'ln""lll,,,. ll -- : d r:::!!.!!!L' ,,_,,,,. graphs are all microcomputer related. They have been appearing in the past .• II I • three issues. We have been gradually ·-· exposing a little more of each, and here is the final exposure. What = fh!Jl) � you have to do is identify the photo• graphs. You can send in as many en• tries as you like. But remember the competition closes this month so this is your last chance. Try now! The powerful MED-FLY could be yours.

The winner will be the first correct entry opened. Entries will be opened only after the closing date, that is July 31. All entries received so far have been date stamped and lodged with Computer-Asia's solicitors for safe keeping. Entries will be opened in strict order of receipt. The first cor• rect entry opened will be the WINNER. So, don't miss out on this last chance to win a super microcomputer.

D D D D D HOW TO ENTER. I SEND TO: "COMPUTER-ASIA JIGSAW COMPETITION" I Write what you believe each --/-S-ym-e M-edia- En-terp-rise-s L-td.- 16/-F., ------photograph to be in the lines marked I Shing Lee Commercial Building, 6-12 Wing Kut Street, Hong Kong. I one to four. Send your entry (ies) to us as soon and as often as you like. I I The competition closes on July 31 I 2 3 4 I 1983 and entries received after that data will be invalid. Judging will I NAME__ I commence on August 1, 1983 I I and the winner will be notified. ADDRESS Results will be published in the I I September 1983 edition of Computer- I TELEPHONE I

1. Members of the staff of Syme Media enter this competition. �- (Make sure to mark your envelope Enterprises Ltd, Basis Microcomputer --2. Th-e -jud-ges'- de-cisio-n wi-ll be- fi-nal -and------"Computer-Asia Jigsaw Competition". Ltd, and Cameron Printing Co, Jardine no correspondence will be entered into. Envelopes not so marked, which may 3. Entries can be sent on facsimile Technical Products Limited, and their be opened in error, will be invalid.) immediate families, are inelegible to copies of the official entry coupon. EDUCATION-- Put more An aid to computers teaching in schools Teachers, trainers, and data pro• cessing managers can now create A yen to solve problems, to be their own computer-assisted in• the first to provide solutions struction courses with an inter• and to implement change are active authoring system from among the aspirations of Jai McGraw-Hill International Train• Menon. ing System. The youthful researcher from At the launch of the system in IBM's San Jose laboratory is Hong Kong Joseph Hatcher, mar• inspired in his mission by what keting manager said that people he describes as "leeway" and with no knowledge of computer tremendous opportunities to Menon. . . more of a software person. programming could use it. "This interact with professionals. means that people with specialist Menon has been working on the play a vital part in the work• knowledge in any subject, without design and implementation of place. IBM has an interesting teaching skills can impart their intelligent backend controllers. program with one of the univer• knowledge through a flexible and While doing his Ph.D in computer sities where every undergrad doing adaptable computer program." science at Ohio State University, a four-year course has a PC. The He went on to say that the in• Columbus, he worked on the cost of the computer is included creasing emphasis being placed on design and analysis of a multi• in the school fees. At the end of the role of the computer in educa• processor based datamachine for the course the student is allowed tion in Hong Kong makes this the performance enhancement and ca• to keep the PC. But students, ideal time for the Interactive pacity growth. "I am more of a like those in the arts stream are Authoring System to come on software person. I enjoy studying not keen to work on PCs. So line. "Guided by step-by-step di• performance modelling of existing there is some opposition to the rections on the computer screen, software, see how it can be im• idea. But the issues have to be the instructor can easily develop proved, modified or made more addressed and only time will courses which incorporate text, manageable. Software is becoming tell. People always oppose change. colour graphics, and video tape ·so vast that there is a never ending But they are quick to appreciate segments. The resulting lessons need for research." and adopt a change when the test the student as he progresses, While a- lot of his work is done potentials become clearer." identify his areas of weakness and on a team basis, IBM also encoura• Menon is critical of the soft• concentrate on improving him in ges its staff to undertake their ware industry. A sore point is those areas." own studies. Says Menon: "I the approach to programming. continue to research and publish "Learning Basic for instance. my own work. IBM has plenty the non-structured nature of of incentives and awards for good Basic means a whole group of work. An employee is judged not Basic programmers are thinking only on his contribution to the the non-structured way. As a re• company but also on how well sult they write programs that he does within the industry." are difficult to prove correct. Asked how he came to be in I would like to encourage struc• computers, Menon adds laugh• tured programming, which is the ingly: "I was tired of electronic correct programming." engineering." Then on a serious Menon hails from the state of note he confessed that his interest Kerala in India. When asked in computers began when he was if his future plans include shar• an undergraduate at the Indian ing his skill with his countrymen Institute of Technology in he said: "Perhaps one day. . . but Madras, where there was an IBM. the day is not here yet. I have Menon received his bachelor of a lot to learn before I can do Technology in Electrical and Elec• something worthwhile or be in tronic Engineering from the IIT. a position to contribute to the On the lookout to tap knowledge well-being of India. As one gets and share his skills, Menon soon older, one becomes less selfish will start teaching on a part-time and more giving. Now I am Nine Apple Ile's have been installed young enough to want to do at the Mun Seng College, Hong Kong. basis. He advocates greater use The Apples supplement the school's of computers in the classroom. things for myself." existing , obtained "It allows the student time to Menon was a speaker at Confer• through the Government computer orientate with a tool that will ence '83 in Singapore. pilot scheme.

38 COMPUTER·ASIA JULY 1983. The small dragon awakens Special Report to computers

The Republic of China, on the $2.96 billion worth of consumer vice-president of Pan-Asia Elec• island of Taiwan, has been des• electronics, communications and tronics. "Our companies are small, cribed as one of the four small data processing equipment and but we have a high level of co• dragons of the east Asian eco• components. That represented 1 % operation with the universities. nomic zone. of the worldwide $292 billion They have the skilled technical For the past three decades Tai• industry. He has other figures people and they are happy to put wan has competed with the which estimate the world market them to work on research pro• other small dragons - Singapore, will grow over the next five jects that will assist industry. Hong Kong and South Korea - years to $510 million. They develop the products and we in manufacturing and exporting The visitor to Taiwan is left commercialise them." textiles, garments, footwear, plas• with a strong impression that Taiwan is moving away from tics and other low-end products. this country of 19 million people making electrical consumer pro• Now the race is on to get into will meet its target. The govern• ducts such as radios and tele• high technology and, at this ment has declared computers a vision sets into computer-related stage, Taiwan appears to be strategic industry and no effort equipment. This is reflected striding ahead of the compe• is being spared in providing strongly in some recent trade tition. research and production facili• figures. Exports of consumer pro• There are almost 300 com• ties. "We have a special way of ducts in the first quarter of this panies in Taiwan producing elec• doing things," said L.N .. Wu, year fell by 15% (from $235 tronic products, up to 80 of million to $199 million) com• them doing small computers, pared with the corresponding some of which are selling in period in 1982. Data processing vast numbers while others are products, on the other hand, still being test-marketed. Cur• enjoyed fantastic export growth - rently, Taiwan has a grip on up by 539% from $6.1 million just 1 % of the world electronics in the first quarter last year to market. The plan, over the next $39 million this year. Telecom• few years, is to double that to munications products were up 2% - but 2% of a greatly ex - 36% from $33 million to $45 panded market. million. Kuo Yun, president of the The showpiece of Taiwan is the Institute for Information Indus• Science-based Industrial Park at try (the equivalent of a national Hsinchu, about 100 kilometres computer board in other coun• from Taipei. So far, the govern• tries), quotes figures to show ment has allocated $75 million that Taiwan in 1982 produced to develop the Park. By the time its 10-year development ends in Currencies quoted in this and other 1990 the Park is expected to be Computer-Asia reports are United home to 150 companies manu• States dollars, unless otherwise speci· fied. The term billion is the American facturing products at the high version, i.e. 1,000 million. Kuo Yun end of technology. And by then

60 COMPUTER-ASIA JULY 1983. WORLDWIDE ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY SALES TAIWAN'S ROLE IN WORLDWIDE ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY - 1982 (US$billions) (US$billions) COMPOUND GROWTH RATE(%) AS PERCENTAGE 1982 1987 TAIWAN WORLDWIDE OF WORLDWIDE(%) Consumer Consumer Electronics 41 65 9.6 Electronics 1.03 41 2.4

Communications 61 98 9.9 Communications 0.16 61 0.3

Data Processing 130 245 13.5 Data Processing 0.06 130 0.05

Components 60 102 11.2 Components 1.71 60 2.8

Total 292 510 11.8 Total 2.96 292 1.0

production from within the Park a square foot, far cheaper than next two years for more than could reach $3 billion annually. anything available elsewhere in 3 ,000 engineers with Ph.Ds or Adjoining the Hsinchu Park are Taiwan. masters' degrees. The supply from two universities, the National There are fairly strict conditions Taiwan's universities will be only Tsinghua and the National Chiao• governing the type of businesses 2,250. tung, where the emphasis is on allowed in. They are not, for Kuo Yun 's staff at the Institute technology. And a little further example, interested in either for Information Industry have up the road is the Industrial labour-intensive or atmosphere prepared a manpower profile for Technology Research Institute polluting industries. So far, 46 the software industry which shows where valuable work is being done companies have been approved to the demand for people will grow on the design and development begin manufacturing in the Park from today's figure of 13,000 of integrated circuitry. but, mainly because of the re• to 54,000 over the next seven Great efforts are being made to cession, only 30 of them have years. To fill the vacancies within attract companies to the Hsinchu actually started up. its industry, Taiwan is recruiting Park which is modelled to some Taiwan, like other places, is heavily in the United States where extent on California's Silicon finding that people are in short many of its bright young people Valley. Foreign investors are wel• supply in the electronics industry. have gone to study. It's meeting come, with no requirements for One survey has revealed that some competition in that regard local equity participation. Factory there will be a demand over the from Singapore. space is rented by the Park ad• ministration for around 20 cents TAIWAN'S TRADE IN ELECTRONICS EXPORTS IMPORTS

USS millions USS millions

TAIWAN'S EXPORTS OF ELECTRONIC lstO lstO GROWTH lstO 1st a GROWTH PRODUCTS IN 1982 (USS millions) 1982 1983 RATE(%) 1982 1983 RATE(%)

EXPORT IMPORT ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS 276.4 285.6 3.3 68.3 61 2 -10.4

ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS 1.271 275 Consumer Products 235 199 15.4 29.4 13.3 54.9

Comumer Products 1,034 77 Telecommunications Product$ 32 .7 45 36.2 3.7 5.8 57.2

Ttlecommumcation'S Products. 163 35 Data Proc es smg 6 .1 39 539.0 22.8 30.5 33.7 Products Data PrOCf'Ssing 64 112 Product, Mcasurmg & Controlling Equip. 2 .6 2.6 0 12.4 116 6.2 MtitSUring & Controlling Equip. 10 51 ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS 396 382 3.6 279.3 303.3 8.6 ELEC.TRONIC COMPONENTS 1,712 1,231 Consumer Electronic 209 187 • 10.7 99.8 102.6 2.8 Consumer Electronic 927 439 Parts & Accessories Parts & Acctssories Electronic Passive 35 36 47 34.3 35.8 44 Elecuonic Pas,ive 163 146 Components Component, Sem1conduc1ors & ICs 119 124 4.4 88.5 103.8 17.3 Semiconductors & ICs 463 383 Valves & Tube> 33 35 4.8 567 61.1 7.8 Valffl & Tubes 139 263

Total 672.4 667 .6 0.7 347.6 364.5 4.9 Tolal 2.983 1,506

COMPUTER-ASIA JULY 1983. 61 Room for a boom in the Park "In the boom years," observes Ning-jo Chu, "everyone is a good economist. Lately, there haven't been any good economists around, even in the United States." Chu, deputy director general of the Science-based Industrial Park Administration in Hsinchu, was reflecting on the progress of Taiwan's "Silicon Valley" since it opened 2lh years ago. So far, 46 enterprises have been approved by the Park administration to set up factories there. Only 30 of them have actually moved in and some of them, because they are only a ca year or two old, are not exactly a awash in profits. Cl Nevertheless, interest in the Park, Ning-jo Chu of the Science-based Industrial Park at Hsinchu. among both local and foreign investors, continues to grow. The export the labour-intensive side office and customs department recession, explains Chu, has held of its industry. At Hsinchu they're already established there. back development somewhat. But not interested in labour-intensive One quarter of the manufactur• there are signals which suggest bet• undertakings. They want high ing staff are university graduates. ter economic times are around the technology, the kind that em• "At least bachelors' degrees," says corner and planning proceeds at ploys heads rather than hands. Chu. "Many have masters' de• a merry pace within the Park Hsinchu was conceived as a grees." Seventeen are Ph.Ds, in• administration. vehicle to take Taiwan into the cluding Chu himself who was The aim, from the outset, has new age, a showplace for its a chemistry teacher at the been to attract 15 new enterprises information industry where low• National Tsinghua University in a year to Hsinchu. So far, cost, sophisticated items can be before taking up his present they're on target with approvals produced mainly for world mar• post. and they're optimistic that actual kets. All sorts of incentives are Education continues among Park start-ups will soon match their provided to attract investors to employees. The Tsinghua and targets. In fact, the pace could Hsinchu. These include tax con• Chiaotung Universities, both of quicken any time now. Chu cessions, a removal of important which have campuses adjacent to is just back from a trip to Europe duties on commodities to be used the Park, are offering extension where there is strong interest in export products, guarantees courses and accepting workers in the Park. against nationalisation of foreign for part-time degree studies. Busi• Previously, the promotional drive enterprises and freedom for ness administration courses are had been in the United States foreigners to own up to 100% of the most popular because many where big names like Wang and businesses operating within the of the young engineers who have Qume had been attracted. "There Park. Rents charged for factory embarked on entreprenurial ven• was good reason to concentrate space and dwelling units within tures want to learn more about on the U.S. first," says Chu. the Park are more than competi• the nuts and bolts side of run• "American companies tend to be tive - currently about 20 cents ning a business. more internationally minded than a square foot per month. The movement of large num• Europeans. Besides, most of the Of the enterprises approved so bers of people into the Science• Chinese expatriates, a key target far for the Park, 69% involve local based Park has placed tremend• group to attract to Hsinchu, live capital, 25% foreign and 6% over• ous strain on local resources. in the U.S." seas Chinese. The 30 companies The Park administrators are grap• The Japanese have expressed already established in the Park pling with problems associated interest in Hsinchu but mostly employ 2,400 staff. The Park's with housing, transportion, health for the wrong reasons as far as administration employs another clinics, recreation facilities and Taiwan is concerned. Japan's 200 and there are 1,600 people schooling. A new school, due to strategy always has been to working in the three banks, post open in September, will provide

62 COMPUTER-ASIA JULY 1983. tr SOFTWARE INDUSTRY MANPOWER PROFILE - 1982 (EDUCATION) DEGREE MAJOR

College 37.5% Business Management 37.1% Science & bi-lingual education, (Chinese Engineering 20.7% and English) to cater for children Professional of expatriate Chinese who have Junior College Computer Doctor Science 0.7% 25.7% returned to Taiwan to work in 18% the Park. Master By end-June 1983 the govern• 5.3% ment had budgeted the equiva• lent of $75 million to develop the Hsinchu Park while the 46 SOFTWARE INDUSTRY MANPOWER PROFILE approved enterprises had alloca• ( 1982 VS 1989) Total Total ted a similar amount. Of this 13, 120 total of $150 million, about 90% 54.400 would be spent on developing land and buildings, said Chu. The idea for the Hsinchu Science• Support based Industrial Park was first 8,491 mooted back in 1976 by Dr S. S. (64.7%) Hsu, then chairman of Taiwan's National Science Council. Hsu, a former mathematics pro• Manager 7,200 fessor at Tsinghua University, 13.2% later moved to Purdue University in the United States and eventually was recruited back to Taiwan. He is now retired. He is credited with having pushed Appl. Progr, System Progr. System Analyst the Park idea so hard that 1,703 472 1,146 the government accepted it. To (13%) 3.6% 8.7% this day, the Park administra• tion reports to the National production was $3.6 million. This jected figure for the whole of Science Council rather than to increased dramatically to almost this year is $80-$100 million. a government ministry. $26 million in 1982 and in the Almost 50% of production there In the Park's first full year of first four months of this year currently goes to the domestic operation'>, 1981, the value of reached $18 million. The pro- market, 25% to the United States and 14% to Hong Kong. So far, the Park is running a balance of trade deficit. In 1981 its imports were worth nearly $14 million. It redressed the unfavourable balance slightly in 1982 with $23 million in im• ports (against $26 million ex• ports) and in the first four months of this year imported $23 mil• lion worth of components and equipment. The trade balance is likely to alter dramatically in coming years as more and more com• panies within the Park get on their feet and pass beyond set• ting up and product develop• Housing for Park workers. ment stages.

COMPUTER-ASIA JULY 1983. 63 • ••

Singing a Hu Ding-Hua, a melody card and a singing song of circuit. prepared for the Christmas market the application of integrated cir• will retail at $2. 50 each. cuits can penetrate the interna• And greeting cards, says Hu, tional market with innovative research are the low end of this market. products. Possibly the last thing you expect He sees the day coming when "We concentrate on semi• when you walk into the office of a people will be able to go into conductors that are semi-custom man who heads a computer re• a shop, hook up a few wires and made in nature. The circuits search centre is to be greeted with do personalised singing/talking have their own specifications; a thin, slightly metallic melody cards for their loved ones. And we need to customise the top of an old song that goes: even, perish the thought, when layer or the inter-connections. Let me call you sweetheart, the advertising and marketing We are using the 16-bit fam• I'm in love with you. industries move in with commer• ily to develop a series of hardware Let me whisper softly, cial messages. modules. We have a multi-bus Do you love metoot ERSO, the acronym Hu uses to board, · a CPU board, a memory Or you can have Happy Birth• describe his organisation, is one of board, a disc drive board and so day, or a Christmas song. In time, six divisions within the Industrial on. We're also looking for a board just about any melody or spoken Technology Research Institute. to be used in 16-bit personal message you want. All built Others are involved with mining computers and at local area around a micro-circuit, complete mechanics, energy, metals and networking. A combination of with power source and speaker, plastics. The electronics unit de• boards will configure as a per• and stuck inside a greeting card. velops techni• sonal computer. Other boards Melody cards, they're called, and ques from design to fabrication can be combined as the basis when you stop and consider the stage, carries out research and of a graphics terminal." size of the market for greeting development in micro and mini• Module design is not cost ef• cards you soon realise why people computer systems, develops fective in the area of business in Taiwan are prepared to devote computer-aided design and manu• but it's useful, says Hu, to valuable resource facilities to find facturing techniques and does "demonstrate our technology". a new gimmick that will sell. R&D in instrumentation and test• ERSO has signed a contract Hu Ding-hua Ph.D, director of ing systems. with a local company to develop the Electronics Research and The Institute was set up 10 a graphics terminal that will have Service Organisation within years ago by presidential direc• only one board, instead of the Taiwan's Industrial Technology tive as an independent non• more usual three. "Once we show Research Institute, is proud of profit organisation. All its local industry that we have the melody cards. They represent divisions co-operate closely with technology then we are con• what he believes is an important industry, undertaking research and fident they will join with us to area in his organisation's work. development for manufacturers, manufacture the products we They provide a product from the sometimes for a straight fee, can develop." computer age that can be used sometimes on an equity sharing Hu says they already have made at the low end of the manufactur• basis when a product proves suc• great advances in the size of ing industry, in small factories em• cessful. "Our mission," said Hu, integrated circuits. "At present ploying people with the most "is to conduct R&D and then to the technology is in the size range of skills. provide technical services of 3 to 3.5 microns. We want to And the market for them is to industry, to accelerate the get it down to 2.5 microns, or enormous. Hu estimates that the development of industrial tech• even 1.5 In the first four years annual sale of greeting cards in nology". we concentrated on developing the United States alone exceeds When ERSO first started it our integrated circuit technology. four billion. Worldwide, it's prob• brought in RCA 's technology The next four will be devoted ably 10 billion. If they can cap• in semiconductors, set up a to upgrading their performance, ture only 5% of that market, demonstration plant, showed further reducing them in size, that's still a lot of integrated it could make integrated circuits and to develop VLSI". circuits to be made in Taiwan's and then transferred the techno• There are 1,200 people on the factories and then exported to the logy, said Hu. "We have concen• staff of ERSO, about 800 of world with plenty of added value. trated on the design methodology whom are junior college graduates The current batch of cards being because we firmly believe that or above.

64 COMPUTER-ASIA JULY 1983. Tatung aims at the top spot

Tatung, which dominates the elec• , 0 before switching to business mana• trical appliances market in Tai• • gement. While admitting that com• wan, is moving swiftly into com• -� petition with Korea is intense, he puters. Encouraged by the success believes Tatung terminals still of its terminals which currently lead, at least in design. Three enjoy a sale of 2,000 to 3,000 are overseas. Tatung branched other new models, TVT 4200, units monthly, Tatung is to launch into computers initially as agent 4300 and 6600, will join the its first small business computer for Data General computers, Fair• market soon. About 20-30% of and a modified multi-user com• child semiconductor components the terminal components used, puter system soon. and other foreign computer firms. including ICs and keyshifts, are "We've always aimed to be Four years ago, it merged a R&D imported. With more local firms No 1 in many products, and this division with the 1 7-year-old sub• producing terminals, Lin predicts will be the case with computers," sidiary to form a modern, 200- that strong competition will says Lin Yeh-tseng, presidents of people strong team and began emerge within the next two years. Tatung Electronics Corp., the sub• developing its own computers. Tatung's new small business com• sidiary specialising in computer About 25% of Tatung Electro• puter, the TPC 2000, is a desk• production. nics, resources are devoted to top, single-user system built around Lagging slightly behind in com• R&D, indicating its ambitious a Z-80A. With an OEM price puter manufacturing previously, long-term commitment in this of $1,000 and suggested retail Tatung Electronics aims to over• industry. "We expect to grow by price of $2,500 the product is take its competitors with its five times each year," boasts Lin. at least 20% cheaper than similar latest products. "We hope to sell Last year, it had a sale of $2.5 models, says Lin. The first orders a complete system for under million; this year, Lin expects for 35,000 units were made by $2,500, which will be extremely the figure to grow to $12.5 U.S. computer firms. Tatung attractive to many customers," million. hopes to sell 30,000 to 50,000 says Lin. Tatung Electronics Tatung Electronics' major thrust units each year. designs and produces all peri• still lies in terminals, which are For the multi-user management pherals including printers, floppy mainly for export to Europe and system, MCS-3280, initial res• disc drives and video monitors. the U.S. "We hope to increase ponse has not been satisfactory, Founded in 1918 in Taiwan, monthly sales to 5,000 beginning with monthly sales of about Tatung is the leading local elec• from August and our target next 50 sets overseas and 20 locally. tronics firm with a sales turn• year is a total of 100,000," says Tatung Electronics is working on over of $316 million in 1981. Lin who was an academic at the a modified version and hopes for It employs 25,000 workers in Tatung Institute of Technology improved sales. Floppy disc drives some 40 subsidiaries, 10 of which (set up by Tatung in 1956) sell about 2,000 each month.

EXPORTS OF COM,UTERS & RELATED EOU,PMENT TAIWAN'S IMPORTS OF COMPUTERS & RELATED EQUIPMENT (US$ millions) (US$ millions) AVERAGE JAN-MAR F AVERAGE JAN-MAR 1981 1982 GROWTH 81 /82 (%) 1983 1981 1982 GROWTH 81/82 1983 Computers & Peripherals 65.4 112.0 71 31.0 Computers & Peripherals 5.2 63.8 39.4 Microcomputers 8.4 12.8 52 2.1 Microcomputers 0.4 2.0 400% 1.4 11.6 13.1 13 2.3 Magnetic Disc Devices 0 0.4 0.8 Computers 17.6 37.4 113 7.6 Printers 0.1 4.5 4400% 2.9 Magnetic Disc Devices 0.7 2.7 286 2.4 Terminals" 3.8 21.3 17.7 Printers 7.7 11.0 43 4.7 Monitors . N.A. 33.6 15.6 Terminals 7.8 11.5 47 4.9 Others 0.9 2.0 1.3 Others 10.6 23.5 122 7.0 Parts For DP Systems 100.3 95.7 33.0 Parts for DP Systems 32.3 35.9 11 9.9 Parts for Microcomputers 9.8 12.4 27% 4.8 Parts for Microcomputers 8.8 8.8 0 2.7 Parts for Minicomputers 8.5 14.8 74% 7.1 , Parts for Minicomputers 4.2 4.3 2 12 Parts for CompOters . 82.0 68.5 21.1 Parts for Computers 19.3 22.8 18 6.0

Total 105.5 159.5 72.4 Total 97.7 147.9 51 40.9 . Jan·Mar. 1982/1983 Adjustment •• Meaningless

t;OMPUTER-ASIA JULY 1983. 65 tr

To market, to market,'-, to buy a fat piq, ..

Everyday in Taiwan, farmers all you can imagine, there's a lot over the country lead their pigs of pig mess around the place." off to market. On busy days Matthew Miau has something of they sometimes had to lead them a pioneer's background in com• home again if darkness fell before puting. For five years, starting in the auctioneer had got through 1971, he worked with Intel in all the day's offerings. That meant the United States. He was one of a total waste of time for the farmer five people who developed the just re-invent the wheel. We and it didn't help the pigs either now-famous 8080 range of chips, found that our software was not because all that walking made and then did a spell as Intel's as good as that in the United them lose weight. marketing manager. He talks of States. The hardware was not as Not any more though; not the "old days" when not many reliable. The hardware even look· since the computers were in• people knew anything about ed bad." stalled to control the daily pig microprocessors, when Adam Os• Miau and his colleagues decided auctions at three locations borne was writing about com• then that they should go into throughout the island. Matthew puters rather than manufacturing something they could be good at, Miau, chairman of the Mitac them under his own brand name. something not available in the Group tells how it was done: Miau moved to Taiwan after his West - a Chinese computer. "There's a 350-seat auditorium Intel stint and found that al• "Because Taiwan Automation had with a circular walkway in the though computers had been used been trading in technological pro• middle. The pigs come out like there for 25 years they were still ducts, it had built up a team of beauty contestants. When the regarded by the vast majority of engineers. At that time we had the buyers arrive at the auction people as "black boxes". He Bureau of Criminal Investigation they pay a deposit and get the use moved into a company called as a customer and they wanted to of a with an Taiwan Automation, a hardware do a huge project, to computer· identifying number. They're ex• dealer with 10 people on staff, ise all criminal records. We pretty perts, these guys. They can tell and set about reorganising it. much ruled out a mainframe for from the way the pig walks "We figured the best thing to do that. We took some minis and and from its general appearance if would be to take micros and some micros and modified their it's good quality. If they want to apply them to the local market," operating systems to interface bid, the more the price rises. he said. "We started with big with the Chinese intelligent ter• This system gives a throughput dreams about building a better minal we had developed. That at the auctions of 3-31h times computer than anyone else. After proved to be a good starting what they can do with the old a year it was a big failure. We point for our Chinese computer system." learnt a lesson. You shouldn't system. That was our first gen·

The computer has eliminated all rf ei;; ::t.: • ..:, eration Chinese system, and it's the arguments about who had bid ¥M > still running 24 hours a day, six for each pig. The bidder offering years later. We call it the Iron the top price is clearly identified Horse." by the number of his terminal. Since then Taiwan Automation The computer also keeps the has developed second and third buyers informed of whether they generation Chinese computers. have enough deposit left to con• "We're really on top of the market tinue bidding. At the end of the now. But development of these day their bills are generated auto• systems has been costly. For matically by the system. every dollar we've put into hard· At the heart of the system is a ware we've put four into soft· Digital PDP-11/23 while the ter• ware." minals are built around Intel Mitac specialises in manufact• microprocessors. It has to be uring computers and peripherals. hardy hardware, says Miau, be• It's licensed by Shugart to make cause of the environment. "As Pigs go under the computerised hammer. its disc drives. The only other

66 COMPUTER-ASIA JULY 1983. companies in the world so li• US$ MITAC GROUP Miau personally prefers to use a censed are IBM and Matsushita millions SALES HISTORY small keyboard, similar to the of Japan. standard QWERTY keyboard on Another group member, China 50 ------which Chinese characters are built

Mangement Systems, specialises �-c by using up to five key strokes. o in software. CMS is the largest w "Professionals need a large key• software company in Taiwan a: 0 board, like a Chinese typewriter," and 25% of it is owned by the u.. he says. "It all depends on the largest software company in 25 application. Let the best system Europe, Societe General. CMS 21 win for the individual applica• uses an IBM, a Digital VAX tion involved. But a 15 good sys• system. Another company, China tem should have both keyboards, Software Development, specialises large and small." in banking. Another does compo• Mitac has an impressive range of nents. There's also a publishing -�� products on the domestic and company within the group and 1980 81 82 83 international market. At the bot• yet another which is the Digital Hong Kong's example and use tom of its range is the Little Equipment Corp distributor. it to impose road usage tolls Intelligent Computer. The LIC- Within the group they have on motorists. 2001 sells on the home market done a number of successful Under sub-contract to L 'Air while the LIC-3001 is exported. turnkey systems. One was to Liquide, the French company These are dual-processor personal computerise Far East Silo Corp, which is the largest oxygen computers with 64K bytes of the largest of its kind in Asia manufacturer in the world, the RAM and 24K of ROM. with 90,000 tons of grain sto• Mitac Group is doing yet another Mitac makes two series of rage capacity. turnkey project. Twelve of its small business computers. The This system is built around engineers have gone to France on MIS-5000 runs under CP /M and three minis and 11 micros and this one. "We have become very has minifloppies for storage. The is said to save tens of millions of international in turnkey systems MIS-8000 uses eight-inch disk• dollars a year in grain handling design," said Miau. ettes, and comes with two drives. costs. The silos are used to store He and his colleagues are trying Diskettes are dual density and wheat, barley and other grains, to persuade the government in can be single or double-sided, except rice, which are imported Taiwan to allow horse racing to depending on choice of drive. to Taiwan. The importers are start there - so that they can The MIS-8010 drive gives 2 x hundreds of small buyers who computerise the betting system, 512K bytes of storage while the don't have their own storage "like in Hong Kong and Singa• MIS-8020 gives 2 x 1 megabytes. capacity. pore." Mitac claims to be the only From the time the ship arrives Miau points out that Chinese Taiwan company manufacturing in port the handling of the grain people like to gamble. "It's a disc drives. Others merely assem• is controlled by the computers, shame that everybody closes their ble them, says Miau. "We also sell keeping track of which customer doors and gambles illegally. The parts to people who assemble owns which portion of the ship• government could tax them if it drives," he added. Also in the ment. Up to 30 truck drivers allowed horse racing." Mitac range are Mate-I and Mate-II, arrive at the silos each day and Matthew Miau has definite views Apple-compatible disc drives activate the system by insert• on the subject of standardisation which are selling well in Asia. ing an identity card into a com• for Chinese computers, a subject One of the by-products of puter terminal. A German com• that is now being given serious Mitac's Chinese computer system pany won the contract for the consideration by Taiwan's Insti• is a 128K byte dynamic RAM computerisation of the silos and tute for Information Industry. board. "We were the first in the sub-contracted Mitac to do much There are two areas, he says, world to produce a 128K board," of the work. where a standard is · involved. says Miau. "Now everyone's qutrently the Mitac Group is One is the internal code. That got them. But we were first." contracted by Omron of Japan has to be standardised, with all That was three years ago. for a highways contract in Tai• the addresses in the same place Miau's secretary uses a CCRT- wan. This will string a series of so that all software can be com• 1640, a 16-bit Chinese system computerised signboards along the patible. developed by Mitac. One of the country's highways to inform The other is the input method. applications in it is a business motorists of traffic conditions He does not believe it should be card filing system, to keep track up ahead. Thus, if there is ser• standardised. A telephone infor• of 10,000 cards Mitac has col• ious congestion caused by an mation system, for example, is lected. The system allows input accident or fog, motorists will used by an operator who reacts and output in a mixture of Chi• be advised of the most appro• to a sound. That needs to be nese and English. Cards are filed priate detour. The system will phonetic and requires a large by personal name, company name, keep all sorts of statistics on keyboard containing perhaps up type of business, geographic lo• vehicle movements, but at this to a couple of thousand charac• cation and so on. The software stage there is no plan to follow ters. for this was developed in-house.

COMPUTER-ASIA JULY 1983. 67 tr

From peanuts to prosperity

"In the hands of youth lie the It's a combination that has hopes of mankind." So reads the worked beyond the wildest inscription on a sculptured award dreams, probably even of Shih made to Stan Shih, founder and himself. Multitech was launched president of Multitech Interna• on $25,000 capital. Within a year tional Corp, by K.T. Li, minister that figure was doubled and in charge of science and tech• sales in 1977 were a mere nological development in Taiwan. $325,000. This year, with capi• The award graces Shih 's office tal increased to $3 .3 million, in Taipei and a life-size replica sales are estimated to reach $42 stands outside his company's main million. factory in the Hsinchu Science• Average annual growth in sales based Industrial Park. Multitech, over the past six years has ex• founded by Shih and six collea• ceeded 120%. The only year when gues in 1976, is the outstanding growth fell below 120% was in success story of Taiwan's elec• 1981 when they were ploughing tronics industry. all their energies and spare cash The secret of that success is a into new products. Even so, they hard-headed combination of tech• increased their revenues that year nical excellence and marketing by an impressive 78%. strategy. "I cannot emphasise too Shih and his co-founders of Stan Shih of Multitech. strongly," says Shih, "that we are Multitech gained their foothold in more than just a technical leader. electronics while working for a leaders) and went into business We set out to commercialise the calculator manufacturer. They as traders and consultants. In their computer business, to promote scraped together their $25,000 first four years they designed 40 our products strongly in the in capital ("Peanuts really," ob• micro-based products for other marketplace." served one of today's industry people. Among them was the Esprit terminal which they des• igned for Disco Electronics, a Taiwan manufacturer. Disco later sold the Esprit technology to Hazeltine and that American manufacturer has taken it to great heights. Meanwhile, Multitech was work• ing on two products that were to establish it as a manufacturer in its own right - the Dragon ter• minal to handle Chinese-language input-output and the widely accepted Micro-Professor, an entry-level computer packaged like a student's text book. The first of these, the MPF-I was unveiled in 1981 at the Westcon Show in the United States. ZSO• Assembling the based, it was designed for en• Micro· Professor gineers, students and hobbyists in the Multitech wishing to learn about hard• f.act.ory. ware and software. More than 100 universities in the United States now use it as a teaching aid. So far, Multitech has produced 40,000 units of the MPF-I and they're still rolling off the com-

68 COMPUTER-ASIA JULY 1983. the end of this year, 100 of his employees will be shareholders in • the company. Many of the staff haven't yet qualified to become shareholders because they've been with the company less than a year. "There's no outside capital in build Chinese characters on a Multitech," says Shih proudly. standard ASCII keyboard. In addition to designing and Working from the fact that every making its own systems, Multi• Chinese character is made up of tech is a major importer of in• strokes, (up to five) they managed tegrated circuits for the Taiwan to assign enough basic strokes to computer industry. Among com• 24 of the standard QWERTY panies for whom Multitech acts keys to be able to write up to as agent are Advanced Micro 22,000 different characters. Three Devices, Zilog, Onyx Systems, hours of instruction is enough to Hazeltine, Gould Instruments, get someone literate in Chinese Monolithic Memories, Rockwell, doing input. After one month, RCA, Texas Instruments and speeds of 30-50 characters a National Semiconductor. For its minute are possible and another own factories, Multitech will month can get this to the 60-90 spend more than $10 million characters a minute range. this year on chips, at prices Shih is confident about the ranging from less than 20 cents to Chinese system. "At the start, Y.S. Chiu who is in charge of manu• more than $20. our problems were in the area facturing at Multitech. The Dragon system, already of input-output. We've con• accepted as an industry standard quered those. Now, the prob• pany's compact assembly line at among Chinese computer systems, lems are software and promo• Hsinchu. Impressive indeed, for a has absorbed most of the re• tion. The Apple computer has product that took only one search and development funding become fantastically successful month to develop. Currently there of Multitech. But results are only in the past few years - are four models of the Micro• coming in now. And the price because of the availability of Professor in production and two is falling all the time. "When we software. Two years from now, more are coming any day now. introduced the Dragon computer there'll be applications software The MPF-II has 64K bytes of in 1980," said Shih, " we had available for the Dragon. Then it RAM (2K expandable to 4K in to price it at $6 ,000. Our new will really take off." the MPF-I) and is built on a Dragon 7000 series is much more Acceptance of the Dragon is cer• Rockwell 6502 chip, the same as powerful and retails for only tain to be stimulated by another that used in the Apple II. Re• $2,500". Chinese system which Multitech tailing for between $300 and Currently, they 're producing has developed for schools in $400, the MPF-II is one of the only 50 a month, mainly be• Taiwan. This is so basic it doesn't lowest priced legitimate personal cause of a materials supply prob• even take a floppy disc, let alone computers on the world market. lem but they're fast getting on a printer. Price: less than $200. From its original 11 staff, Multi• top of that. Apart from the dom• As he contemplates his changing tech has grown to 400-plus estic market they see good pros• marketplace and the rising cost employees, more than half of pects for the Dragon in Singa• of R&D, Stan Shih is cautious whom are electronics engineers. pore and Hong Kong. about future growth of Multi• "I've built a production line Multitech achieved its break• tech. "It probably will come based on brains, rather than through into a Chinese computer down a bit," he ruminates, "may• manual labour," said Shih. By system by devising a method to be down to 100% a year." MUL TITECH GROUP SALES RECORD

1976 1977 978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 (Forecast) - t-- _,_ Capital 25 50 50 250 250 1,000 1,625 3,375

Sales amount 325 800 1,775 4,025 7, 175 17,000 42,500

Growth rate 14 6% 122% 127% 78% 137% 150%

Sales amount/capital 6.5 16 7.1 16.1 7.2 10.5 12.6

Employees 11 12 18 46 104 175 300 500

Sales amount/employee 0 27 .1 5 3.3 55.5 53.7 51.3 71.4 106.3

-� COMPUTER-ASIA JULY 1983. 69 Teaching Chinese to an Apple Plus & Plus was one of the success• tr ful coin-operated video game manufacturers in Taiwan - until the government late last year banned such machines from the domestic market. Plus & Plus had seen such a move couple of hours is usually enough, coming and two years ago it for anyone familiar with the Chin• swung its engineers over to design• ese language that is. ing computer products for busi• The next step is Lo make the ness use rather than for games. Chinese character generator com• In the past year it has unveiled patible with the I BM Personal two products, both of which were Computer. That's not expected designed and developed in-house. to take anything like the 12 man• CAN-80 is a microprocessor Jackson Ho of Plus & Plus. years of R & D which went into training kit and development sys• the Apple-compatible model as tem, suitable for engineers and ese character generator which most of the work is done now. students. It came on the market comes in the form of an Apple• Longer term, they want Lo in the United States in Decem• n compatible interface card. develop it for minis and office ber and, according to Tony "It's a first for Taiwan, and the automation systems. "The Liao, vice-president, distributors world," says Liao. By plugging most difficult part," said Liao, and agents are knocking on their in the card, a user can give both "has been to find the way Lo doors wanting to get rights to Chinese and English language generate the characters. We've it. At this stage they're selling capability to his Apple. Says done that now so it gets easier." 100 CAN-80s a month in Tai• Liao: "We developed this so Also on the way is the M 1,\RT- wan and 250 a month in the that children in Taiwan can 1000, an Apple-compatible small U.S. It's only a matter of time, begin using computers at similar business system. Plus & Plus says Liao, before they tie up a ages to children in other coun• has developed its own operating big-quantity order. The end• tries." system for this one and it's now user price is about $120. At this stage Plus & Plus is pro• awaiting a report from the United The other product on which ducing 600 of its Chinese charac• Slates to back up its claim that it Plus & Plus is counting to make ter generators each month. They doesn't infringe any Apple pa• strong sales is C-Plus II, a Chin- say it's simple to learn to use. A tents. Waiting for the third Sunrise Sunrise Computer Service Co has "The original idea," said Paulus Zilog Z-80 and Rockwell 6502 been through two phases in its Yang of Sunrise, "was to build chips. The peoplr- at Sunrise rec• 18-month history and now it's the entire product in Taiwan. kon this system will be even more planning for the third. But that idea had to be modi• popular than the ,\pple 11. That's They would rather not talk fied. What we 're actually doing an o ptimistic outlook, c-onsidor• about it today, but Sunrise is to make everything except ing there arc an estimated 50,000 started out as a copier of the the main board which comes Apple-type machines in Taiwan Apple II, the pioneer in fact from Germany. We crate all alone. of that shady business. our production off to Hong Why Cat? we asked. An acronym It moved into Phase Two in Kong where the systems are perhaps for Computer-Aided October last year following a assembled." The market for Trainer /Transactor? Something visit to Taiwan by the president the Basis Medfly so far is con• like that? "Not really," said of the German company which fined to Asia and Australia Yang. "We were looking for makes the Basis 108, a major and Sunrise currently has a a short catchy name. Some• seller in the micro markets of production target of 20,000 one rrx-alled that we'd start· Europe and the United States. units a year. ed out in the micro business as Sunrise at that time was develop• But it's Phase Three of Sun• a copycat. So, why not?" ing its own micro, the Apollo 400. rise's development that really After they get the Cat-100 A deal was done to swing its excites Paulus Yang and his established, which moans full production line over to producing colleagues. This will be the Phase approval from the American a machine called the Basis Medfly when Sunrise produces and mar• Federal Communications Com• which combines some of the kets its own home-grown system. mission, to avoid any problems features of the Basis 108 with Any day now they hope to start with J\pple, Sunrise will throw some of those of the Apollo production of their Cat-100, a its R&D energies into develop• 400. dual-processor machine using both ing a 16-bit micro.

COMPUTER-ASIA JULY 1983. 73 SPORT----- Computer ahoy!

It could be Data General versus Data General when the 12-metre yachts go down to the line in the America's Cup contest off \ Newport Rhode Island in Septem• ber. Both the American def ender and Australia II, one of three Australian entrants, are equip• ped with Data General computers. Australia II has two computers. A microNova MP/100 on board its tender vessel receives data from Australia !I's instruments, stores it on magnetic tape and then feeds it into an on-shore Nova 4X. Data includes such statistics as boat speed, apparent wind angle (the actual wind angle plus the effect of the boat's motion), apparent wind speed, - .,... -�i �' heel angle, heading (direction of - the boat), rudder position, trim - . - ....-- _,. � tab position, water angle, pitch and time. vious trials and races to determine Spinnaker flying, Australia II As well as providing analytical timing of different tackling pro• shows its style. Below: Alan cedures, boat performance with Bond, Australia 11 syndicate data, the system also accepts chairman, with the Data Gen• navigational input on such crucial different navigational variants, eral microN ova on board the details as information on the overall equipment performance t.ender vessel. tides, the yacht's initial position, (current sails, masts etc. compared and the position of marks, for to previous ones) and a host of crew purposes. other data. "The instant analysis of these This is the first time an Austra• crucial aspects of 12-metre racing lian challenger for the 132-year• are important technological old America's Cup, has had a fully advances which give the Austra• computerised system, adapted spe• lia II skipper and crew significant cifically for 12-metre sailing pur• strategic advantages over past Aus• poses, at its disposal. The com• tralian challenges for the Ameri• puterisation was kept a secret ca's Cup," said syndicate chair• until recently, so as not to alert man Alan Bond. the Americans to the scheme. "When Australia II returns from Bill Johnston, communications training and trials at the end of manager of Data General Austra• the day, we can provide this lia, told Computer-Asia that an• computerised analysis, while other major advantage held by events are still fresh in every• the Australia II syndicate is one's mind. Previously, we had the presence in the crew of Glen to wait until the following Read, a Data General field en• day when some of the statistical gineer on loan to the Australia II facts could be calculated manual• syndicate with responsibility for ly." all hardware maintenance. Bond said that because the Read is the current world title• computerised system can also holder in Soling, a three-man store up to one million pieces yachting contest. He is being of statistical information per tipped to represent Australia in day, the crew is able to look yachting events at next year's back over a whole history of pre- Olympic Games in Los Angeles.

76 COMPUTER-ASIA JUL V 1983. Presenting The Apple II Business System

Apple Computer presents a new cost-effective way to control your business and improve your bottom· line: profits. - . --- Make your business more profitable with c:m::am The Apple I I Business System ..... •control Your Cash •Identify your Slow Payers ... •Plan Your Expenditures •Reduce Clerical Time •Reduce Bookkeeping Errors •Reduce Paperwork •Eliminate Last-Minute Accounting Your Business Deserves The Apple II Business System SHOW ROOM: Shop 42, 1/F, Golden Shopping Centre, 94 Yen Chow St, Kowloon. H.K. Tel: 3-782113, 3-618086. HEAD OFFICE: Shop 15CD (Same acrade). Tel: 3-782113 MncroGram Telex. 50408 MGCO HX Cable: MGCOMPUTER

� �NIVERSAL �C����!�R Fully Support of Hardware and •Radio Shack Software: • Atari t "Entertainment •commodore t "Education • Apple t "Business • Texas Instruments • Casio • Fujitsu *NEC •BMC • Printers, Disk Drive & Accessories. •etc ... KYBE SHOP D, TUNG KAI BUILDING, Hongkong distributor 166 JAFFA ROAD, G/FL., HONG KONG Please contact: Puonlc Electronics Ltd. 1601- Chun& Kiu Comm. Bid&. TELEX: HX 73945 Universal Computer Systems 47-51 Sh•n& Tung St, Room 902 tlang Shing Bldg., 363-373 Kowloon, Hong Kong CABLE: 'KELYFAT' Tel: 3-306636; 306627 TEL: 5-752313 Nathan Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Telex: 86076 UNIMY HX Tel: 3·321884 3·328376

Name erected by quality and performance ..... ------� . - -· . - .- � • '!;.- e: : : ...... :-- ; _:\1 � t

INTERNATIONAL

Sole agent in HK: ELEKON MICRO SYSTEMS LIMITED Office: 1201 ·2 Lee Kiu Building 51. Jordan Road. Kin., Hong Kong Workshop: 23 Man Wah Building 12/F Ferry Point. Kin., Hong Kong � n • � fl° m � m Telephone: 3-857091 (3 lines) Telex: 75502 TLKON ttX E DISK DRIVES EDCOM • POWER CONSUMPTION SPECIFICATIONS: +5V DC, 50mA +l 2V DC, 300mA •1,56 BYTES/SECTOR One Phase on 450mA •16 SECTORS • COMPLETE WITH CASE AND CABLE • 35/40 TRACKS • DIMENSIONS • 143K DISK CABINET 4" x 6.2" x 8.7" • 250K BPS TRANSFER 3.75" (H) x 6.1" (W) x 8.25" (D) SPEED •WEIGHT NET l .7g Starcomp Shop No 52, 1 /F., Golden Shopping Centre, Fuk Wah Street, Sham Shui Po, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Tel: 3-869738 Hil9134 Tix: 51033 SCOMP HX

Configuration: WANG VS series Name of package: PH IMOD Fin· ancial Modeling Package. Applications: Financial planning, forecasting, budgeting, profit and cash planning, investment return analysis etc. * Anadex * Burroughs Features: Multi-user, electronic * I BM " Centronics worksheet, horizontal/vertical scrol• " NCR " Digital ling, on-line calculation and display, "NEC "Wang functional key command instruc• AND MORE ... tions, immediate hard copy print G)fiw@®G)G)TI@™ option. Please call Supplier: PERSONAL COMPUTER SYSTEM INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS COMPUTER MANAGEMENT DATA SYSTEMS LTD. THE NAME YOU SHOULD REMEMBER Flat 19, 10/FI., Profit Ind. Bldg., 20th Floor, Malaysia Building, -- ASK FOR DETAILS -• 1 ·15 Kwai Fung Crescent, Kwai Chung 47-50 Gloucester Road, Hong Pineapple Computer Products(HK)Ltd. Hong Kong. Tel: 5-274582·3 Tix: 63158 HX. Tel: 0-234425 Tix: 51469 IBCHK HX