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Challenges and Solutionsin Building CPEC-A Flagship Of
Issue , Working paper CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE Challenges and CHINA-PAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDORSolutionsIn Building CPEC-A Flagship of BRI Written by: Yasir Arrfat Research Coordinator CoE CPEC Minitry of Planning, Pakistan Institute Development Reform of Development Economics Challenges and Solutions in Building CPEC-A Flagship of BRI Yasir Arrfat Research Coordinator Centre of Excellence (CoE) for China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) Islamabad, Pakistan, [email protected] Abstract-One of the OBOR pilot corridors out of the six corridors is CPEC. The CPEC has been initiated in 2013 and due to its speedy progress, CPEC is now vastly considered as the “flagship” project among the OBOR projects. The CPEC initiatives include; development of Gwadar Port, road, rail and optical fiber connectivity, energy corridor and Special Economic Zones development for bilateral benefits to attain inclusive growth and regional harmonization. Before the inception of CPEC, the growth of Pakistan was curtailed by two major bottlenecks; acute energy shortages and weak local and regional connectivity infrastructures. In 2013, CPEC came with 59 billion USDs under OBOR and it has been eliminating all major economic bottlenecks. This paper sheds light on the BRI with deep focusing on CPEC. It further represents the Pakistan’s improving economic indicators through CPEC. This paper will also examine some key challenges and their solutions in building CPEC. Key Words-BRI, Challenges, Connectivity, Corridors, CPEC, Global Competitive Index (GCI), Investment, Infrastructure, OBOR I. INTRODUCTION The Globalization has brought vast changes in global economy and has directed the evolution to a boundary less development. This phenomenon has significantly amplified the maritime trade from 2.37 billion tons of freight to 5.88 billion tons of freight moving through maritime routes. -
International Geneva
International Geneva Directory of Geneva Global Health Actors World Economic Forum | WEF http://www.weforum.org and https://www.weforum.org/system-initiatives/shaping-the-future- of-health-and-healthcare 91- 93 Route de la Capite | CH-1223 Cologny | Geneva Tel +41 22 869 1212 | Fax +41 22 786 2744 | mail: [email protected] BACKGROUND AND MISSION The World Economic Forum is an independent international organisation committed to improving the state of the world by engaging leaders in partnerships to shape global, regional and industry agendas. WEF is best known for its annual meeting in Davos-Klosters, Switzerland. The organisation is impartial, independent and not tied to any specific agendas, governments or interests. It is an officially recognised International Institution for Public- Private Cooperation, being the only international organisation serving in this role. AREAS OF INTEREST Changing economy and the fourth industrial revolution Global commons Global security Public-private partnerships HEALTH-RELATED ACTIVITIES Global health is one of the priority areas of WEF, and the Shaping the Future of Health and Healthcare system initiative provides a framework for health promotion and disease prevention along with broad networks and opportunities for public-private cooperation. It aims to ensure that people are healthier and can access the necessary care to fulfil their potential. It addresses the challenge of providing health for the expanding global population, and focuses on both individual and community-related aspects of health. Its global platform includes stakeholders from public, private and civil society spheres, with focus on health, food and beverages, sports, insurance, telecommunications and infra-structure. The goal is to create a credible long term narrative that considers health and health security as an integral part of economic growth and profitability, and to share insights and knowledge arising from the discussions for shaping the global health agenda. -
The New Silk Roads: China, the U.S., and the Future of Central Asia
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY i CENTER ON INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION The New Silk Roads: China, the U.S., and the Future of Central Asia October 2015 Thomas Zimmerman NEW YORK UNIVERSITY CENTER ON INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION The world faces old and new security challenges that are more complex than our multilateral and national institutions are currently capable of managing. International cooperation is ever more necessary in meeting these challenges. The NYU Center on International Cooperation (CIC) works to enhance international responses to conflict, insecurity, and scarcity through applied research and direct engagement with multilateral institutions and the wider policy community. CIC’s programs and research activities span the spectrum of conflict, insecurity, and scarcity issues. This allows us to see critical inter-connections and highlight the coherence often necessary for effective response. We have a particular concentration on the UN and multilateral responses to conflict. Table of Contents The New Silk Roads: China, the U.S., and the Future of Central Asia Thomas Zimmerman Acknowledgments 2 Foreword 3 Introduction 6 The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor 9 Chinese Engagement with Afghanistan 11 Conclusion 18 About the Author 19 Endnotes 20 Acknowledgments I would like to thank the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences (SASS) for its support during the research and writing of this paper, particularly Professor Pan Guang and Professor Li Lifan. I would also like to thank Director Li Yihai, and Sun Weidi from the SASS Office for International Cooperation, as well as Vice President Dong Manyuan, and Professor Liu Xuecheng of the China Institute for International Studies. This paper benefited greatly from the invaluable feedback of a number of policy experts, including Klaus Rohland, Andrew Small, Dr. -
China's High-Speed Rail Diplomacy
China’s High-speed Rail Diplomacy: Global Impacts and East Asian Responses Gerald Chan University of Auckland, New Zealand February 2016 Fellows Program on Peace, Governance, and Development in East Asia EAI Working Paper Knowledge-Net for a Better World The East Asia Institute (EAI) is a nonprofit and independent research organization in Korea, founded in May 2002. The EAI strives to transform East Asia into a society of nations based on liberal democracy, market economy, open society, and peace. The EAI takes no institutional position on policy issues and has no affiliation with the Korean government. All statements of fact and expressions of opinion contained in its publications are the sole responsibility of the author or authors. is a registered trademark. Copyright © 2016 by EAI This electronic publication of EAI intellectual property is provided for non-commercial use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Copies may not be duplicated for commercial purposes. Unauthorized posting of EAI documents to a non-EAI website is prohibited. EAI documents are protected under copyright law. “China’s High-speed Rail Diplomacy: Global Impacts and East Asian Responses” ISBN 979-11-86226-77-3 95340 The East Asia Institute #909 Sampoong B/D, 158 Euljiro Jung-gu, Seoul 04548 Republic of Korea Tel. 82 2 2277 1683 Fax 82 2 2277 1684 Fellows Program on Peace, Governance, and Development in East Asia China’s High-speed Rail Diplomacy: Global Impacts and East Asian Responses* Gerald Chan University of Auckland, New Zealand February 2016 Abstract China as a high-speed rail power has just begun to capture the attention of the world. -
“Kung Flu” Fighters: Illuminating Resilience & Solidarities Among The
“Kung Flu” Fighters: Illuminating Resilience & Solidarities Among the Chinese Diaspora Sabrina Lin | Amherst College | Spain, South Africa, USA | Summer 2021 OVERVIEW: T he Chinese diaspora is bonded by shared phenotype and some sense of a faraway homeland—an arbitrary designation in some ways, but one rendered especially fraught by the pandemic. The pandemic has most obviously wreaked havoc on world’s health and brought about reports of racist hate crimes for the Chinese diaspora in particular, but it has also inspired burgeoning movements for solidarity and social change. The viral hashtag #IAmNotAVirus, for example, has found success in translation in Spanish-speaking and French-speaking countries around the world. In South Africa, Chinatown communities have participated in successful mutual aid efforts to support local businesses impacted by lockdown and xenophobic avoidance. For all their differences, many Chinese diasporic communities are finding new or renewed connections in the midst of the pandemic. This raises the question: how might both the diaspora's diverse experiences and emergent solidarities create more understanding and empathy in an increasingly divided world? In order to highlight resiliencies across distinct global communities, I propose to create a podcast: an auditory collection of personal histories as told by members of the Chinese diaspora, who have very different upbringings, but who face a pandemic that has flattened their ethnic identities into “dirty bat eater.” Traveling to Chinese diasporic communities in Spain and South Africa, I will explore how the pandemic has affected identity and resilience across the Chinese diaspora—by not only collecting these stories, but also participating in the community work that sustains these networks and recording my own experiences. -
World Economic Forum to Lead G20 Smart Cities Alliance on Technology Governance
World Economic Forum to Lead G20 Smart Cities Alliance on Technology Governance • World Economic Forum, in collaboration with the G20 presidency, will lead a new global effort to establish universal norms and guidelines for implementation of smart city technology • Global Smart Cities Alliance will advance how technology is used in public places and promote core principles including transparency, privacy and security • Japan’s presidency of the G20, under the leadership of Prime Minister Shinzō Abe, marks the first-time smart city technologies and global technology governance have been elevated to the main agenda San Francisco, USA, 27 June 2019 – The World Economic Forum, the International Organization for Public- Private Cooperation, has been selected to act as the secretariat for a new G20 Global Smart Cities Alliance. The alliance unites municipal, regional and national governments, private-sector partners and cities’ residents around a shared set of core guiding principles for the implementation of smart city technologies. Currently, there is no global framework or set of rules in place for how sensor data collected in public spaces, such as by traffic cameras, is used. The effort aims to foster greater openness and trust as well as create standards for how this data is collected and used. This marks the first time that smart city technologies and global technology governance have been elevated to the main agenda. The Forum will coordinate with members from the G20, Urban 20 and Business 20 communities to develop new global governance guidelines for the responsible use of data and digital technologies in urban environments. The Internet of Things, Robotics and Smart Cities team in the Forum’s Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution Network will take the lead and ensure accountability throughout the alliance’s members. -
BRI BEYOND 2020 Partnerships for Progress and Sustainability Along the Belt and Road
BRI BEYOND 2020 Partnerships for progress and sustainability along the Belt and Road Sponsored by: BRI beyond 2020 Partnerships for progress and sustainability along the Belt and Road Contents Preface 2 Introduction 3 Co-financing for growth 5 Co-investing for sustainability 7 China going out 11 People-to-people bridges along the BRI 15 Conclusion 17 1 © The Economist Corporate Network 2020 BRI beyond 2020 Partnerships for progress and sustainability along the Belt and Road Preface BRI beyond 2020: Partnerships for progress and sustainability along the Belt and Road is an Economist Corporate Network (ECN) report, sponsored by Baker McKenzie. The ECN performed the research, conducted the interviews and wrote the report independently. The findings and views expressed in this report are those of the ECN alone and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsor. Yue Su and Pamela Qiu were the report authors. Pamela Qiu also conducted the interviews and was the report editor. Zheng Shiyu contributed to the research and Waqas Adenwala provided editorial support. The design and layout of the report was done by Gaddi Tam. The cover was designed by Wai Lam. The report’s analysis includes in-depth interviews with experts who have on-the-ground views and experience of infrastructure projects in Asia. These remain anonymous unless specifically quoted. We would like to thank all participants and interviewees for their time and insights. Participants in alphabetical order: l Johan de Villiers, managing director, South-east Asia, ABB l Scott Dunn, -
Geo-Economics with Chinese Characteristics: How China’S Economic Might Is Reshaping World Politics
Regional Agenda Geo-economics with Chinese Characteristics: How China’s economic might is reshaping world politics January 2016 Geo-economics with Chinese Characteristics: How China’s economic might is reshaping world politics 1. Introduction Mark Leonard 2. China’s geo-economic power Wu Xinbo 3. China’s medium-term outlook: 2016-2020 Bert Hofman 4. The Geo-economic implications of China’s changing growth strategy Douglas Rediker, Elizabeth Economy, and Michael Levi 5. China’s infrastructure alliances Parag Khanna 6. China in Eurasia Sergei Guriev 7. China’s geo-economic power and the USA Ian Bremmer 8. China’s geo-economic role in South Asia Hina Rabbani Khar 9. China’s geo-economic role in Latin America Evan Ellis 10. China’s geo-economic policy in the Middle East Mahmood Sariolghalam 11. China’s geo-economic Power: Africa’s case Linah Mohohlo 12. China’s geo-economics in Europe Mark Leonard, Angela Stanzel & Agatha Kratz 13. China’s role in Asia-Pacific Kishore Mahbubani The World Economic Forum’s Network of Global Agenda Councils is the foremost interdisciplinary knowledge network dedicated to promoting innovative thinking on critical global issues, regions and industries, and incubating projects, campaigns and events for the public good. The Network convenes the most relevant and knowledgeable thought leaders from academia, government, business and civil society to challenge conventional thinking, develop new insights and create innovative solutions for key global challenges. In a global environment marked by short-term orientation and siloed thinking, the Network fosters interdisciplinary and long-range thinking on the prevailing challenges on the global agenda. -
The Kunming-Vientiane Railway: the Economic, Procurement, Labor, and Safeguards Dimensions of a Chinese Belt and Road Project
The Kunming-Vientiane Railway: The Economic, Procurement, Labor, and Safeguards Dimensions of a Chinese Belt and Road Project Scott Morris Abstract The Kunming-Vientiane (K-V) railway, part of the Kunming-Singapore multi-country rail network (or “Pan-Asia Railway”), is an anchor investment of the Chinese government’s Belt and Road initiative (BRI). This case study will assess the rail project along four dimensions: economic implications; procurement arrangements; labor; and environmental and social safeguards. In each of these areas, evidence from the railway project suggests that Chinese policy and practice could be better aligned with the practices of other sources of multilateral and bilateral development finance. Where the project’s standards are broadly aligned, at least in principle, there is nonetheless reason to believe that China’s approach carries heightened risks given the overall scale of financing. These risks hold for China’s global program of official finance, which has made the country the largest source of official credit in the world. In this regard, BRI policymakers should consider a more rigorous set of “best practices” that align Chinese official finance with leading multilateral standards, even if these practices don’t currently characterize many other Center for Global Development bilateral lenders. Such an approach would be consistent with the multilateral vision for BRI 2055 L Street NW espoused by Chinese officials and reflected in the framework of the annual Belt and Road Fifth Floor Forum for International Cooperation. This study considers what a stronger set of standards Washington DC 20036 would look like in the context of the four areas of focus. -
Patologías Prevalentes En Pacientes De Etnia China
Vol. 11 – Núm. 7 – Julio 2001 MEDIFAM 2001; 11: 390-398 HABLEMOS DE Atención al inmigrante Patologías prevalentes en pacientes de etnia china D. LY PEN Médico de Familia. Centro de Salud “Castillo de Uclés”. Área 4. Madrid Prevalent diseases of Chinese people in Spain RESUMEN ABSTRACT En primer lugar, se repasan las principales ca- In the first part, a review is presented of the racterísticas y costumbres de las personas de etnia main characteristics and customs of Chinese peo- china que viven en la actualidad en España. ple that are living actually in Spain. Posteriormente, se hace una revisión bibliográfica Afterwards, a practical bibliographic review is práctica de las patologías más frecuentes en perso- done, about the most frecuent diseases in patients nas de etnia china. Asimismo, se adjunta un vocabu- of Chinese ethnic. There is also a basic medical vo- lario médico básico y algunos números de teléfono cabulary and some useful telephone numbers. que nos pueden resultar útiles en caso de que la co- municación con pacientes chinos sea dificultosa. Palabras clave: Etnia china. Patologías preva- Key words: Chinese ethnology. Prevalent di- lentes. Características culturales. seases. Cultural characteristics. INTRODUCCIÓN intentaremos orientar sobre los aspectos más im- portantes de la idiosincrasia de los inmigrantes chi- Es de todos conocido que a nuestro país están nos en nuestro medio, así como repasar sucinta- llegando muchas personas de los más diversos paí- mente sus patologías más frecuentes. ses, con sus peculiares costumbres, creencias, ali- mentación y patologías. Por ello es deseable que el médico de Atención Primaria conozca lo máximo PROCEDENCIA DE LOS INMIGRANTES CHINOS posible de las diferentes etnias, para saber interpre- tar su sintomatología y poder mejorar en definitiva El 92% de la población china es han. -
Special Meeting on the Middle East in the Fourth Industrial Revolution Overview
Regional Agenda Special Meeting on the Middle East in the Fourth Industrial Revolution Overview Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 5-6 April 2020 Saudi Arabia’s G20 presidency in 2020, the first time an Arab A dominant feature of the programme is the Fourth and Middle East country has such a mandate, presents a Industrial Revolution, a concept put forward by Professor unique opportunity for the entire region to take a global view Klaus Schwab in his 2016 book in which he describes the of its future. The timing could not be more significant, given unprecedented pace and complexity of technological change the paradigm shifts in technology, sustainability and geo- and the attendant need for industry, government and civil economic relations globally, which are poised to recast the society to work together to shape it. dice on the trajectories of companies and governments, and deeply affect our private lives. At the same time, the programme will build on the World Economic Forum’s long-standing work on other To respond to this singular context, the World Economic transformative issues such as reskilling, financial inclusion, Forum, in partnership with Saudi Arabia’s G20 Secretariat, climate change, smart cities and the energy transition. is convening the most relevant leaders from government, business and civil society for a Special Meeting on the Middle East in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The organizing logic of this inaugural gathering will be to provide the region’s stakeholders the opportunity to assume a proactive posture vis-à-vis these transformative global trends and shape many of their outcomes in the region and internationally. -
Report Preview: Governing Smart Cities
In collaboration with Deloitte Report Preview: Governing Smart Cities The World Economic Forum will launch in 2021 its first report Governing Smart Cities provides a benchmark for cities looking on the state of technology governance in cities. The report is to establish a foundation of policies for ethical and responsible a publication of the G20 Global Smart Cities Alliance, a global governance of their smart city programmes. The publication, effort to advance the responsible and ethical use of smart city which explores current practices related to privacy, security, technologies. The alliance and its partners represent more than openness and sustainability, is based on surveys and interviews 200,000 cities and local governments, leading companies, with policy experts and city government officials from the startups, research institutions and civil society communities. alliance’s 36 pioneer cities (see Figure 1). The Forum serves as its secretariat. FIGURE 1 G20 Global Smart Cities Alliance pioneer cities Leeds Moscow Apeldoorn Belfast London Karlsruhe Toronto Bilbao Istanbul Lisbon Maebashi Gaziantep San Jose Chattanooga Barcelona Milan Kaga Faridabad Deagu Hamamatsu Mexico City Indore Kakogawa Dubai Hyderabad Manila Bengaluru Medellin Kampala Bogota Brasilia eThekwini Cordoba Newcastle Buenos Aires Melbourne About the survey Preliminary analysis of this research highlights a number of notable findings: A policy assessment of the alliance’s 36 pioneer cities was conducted from January to March 2021. The cities span six – As referenced in Figure 3, there is a small cohort of cities within continents and 22 countries, with populations ranging from each policy area that have already drafted corresponding 60,000 residents to more than 10 million.