Zimbabwe Review, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1977

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Alternative title Zimbabwe ReviewZimbabwe Review: official organ of the Zimbabwe African Peoples' Union (ZAPU) Author/Creator Publicity and Information Bureau of the Zimbabwe African Peoples' Union (ZAPU) Publisher Publicity and Information Bureau of the Zimbabwe African Peoples' Union (ZAPU) Date 1977-01-00 Resource type Magazines (Periodicals) Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) Zimbabwe, United Kingdom Coverage (temporal) 1977 Source Northwestern University Libraries, Melville J. Herskovits Library of African Studies Rights By kind permission of ZANU, the Zimbabwe African National Union Patriotic Front. Description African National Council (Zimbabwe) Statement by President Joshua Nkomo to Geneva Conference of Rhodesia? 28.10.1076. Patriotic Fronts Structure of Interim Government presented to Geneva talks. Response to the Chairman's Statement by Patriotic Front. Press Release: The Political Context of the Geneva Conference. Press Release. Patriotic Front (Press Release). Zimbabwe People's Army (ZIPA)(ZPRA). Format extent 24 page(s) (length/size)

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http://www.aluka.org The late J. Z. Moyo was murdered in Lusdka,

The late J. Z. Moyo was murdered in Lusdka, Zambiaon January 22, 1977 by a parcel bomb. ,Full coverage of his death will appear in our next issue.

THE ZIMBflBWE REVIEW TO OUR READERS: We extend our thanks to the hundreds of readers of "THE ZIMBABWE REVIEW" who have expressed their appreciation of the material that was ventilated in the columns of our previous issues. We hope to be able to continue providing revealing information on the Rhodesian situation. CONTENTS' PAGE AFRICAN NATIONAItCOUNCIL (ZIMBABWE) STATEMENT BY PRESIDENT JOSHUA NKOMO'TO GENEVA CONFERENCEOF RIODESIA? 28.10.1076 PATRIOTIC FRONT'S STRUCTURE OF INTERIMx GOVERNMENT: PRESENTED TO GkNEVA TALKS RESPONSE TO THE CHAIRMAN'S STATEMENT PRESS STATEMENT BY PATRIOTIC FRONT PRESS RELEASE THE POLITICAL CONTEXT OF THE GENEVA CON. FERENCE PRESS RELEASE PATRIOTIC FRONT (PRESS RELEASE) ZIMBABWE PEOPLE'S'ARMY (ZIPA) (ZPRA) The Zimbabwe Review is -produced and published by the Information and Publicity Bureau of the ANC of Zimbabwe. All inquiries should be directed to: The Editor-in-Chief of The Zimbabwe Review P0. Box 1657 Lusaka - Zambia AFRICAN NATIONAL COUNCIL (ZIMBABWE) STATEMENT rhe United Kingdom Delegation fellow Zimbabweans Honourable Guests We are meeting here, today, in geneve, thousands of miles from our dear country Zimbabwe for the -express purpose of transfering power from the colonial Government of the United Kingdom to the people of Zimbabwe. This means that the task of this conference is to establish the independence of Zimbabwe under conditions of universal suffrage. This obligation can neither be evaded nor delayed for a single moment at this juncture. We must, at this conference, close and seal the chapter of British colonialism. We have suffered and lost hundreds of human lives and havelbeen sadly dehumanised. We never ever accepted colonialism.from the moment of British imposition in.our country. We took up to arms and waged an armed struggle in the 1890's in defence of-our country. When British colonialism sought to pro-- tect and anchor its~interest through the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland,'we co-ordinated efforts with our brothers of Malawi and Zambia, to ensure its defeat. When it took a new phase of U.D.L: to entrench racism in 1965, we intensified our armed liberation struggle and mass resistance. Thanks to the OAU and progressive countries of the world which have given and continue to give diplomatic, moral and material support to our armed struggle. As we meet here today the war in Zimbabwe continues, and many people are losing their lives. Quite clearly, because of the advance of our armed liberation, struggle the United Kingdom Government and her allies have sensed a threat to their interests in Zimbabwe and Southern Africa and have thus been compelled to bring about this conference. We have come to this conference as a result of the sweat, blood'and toil of our people in the struggle for the liberation and independence of Zimbabwe, our motherland. Our'delega tion has come here to discover the depth to which the message of the armed struggle has sunk to

T71 endence of y between ice, on the iited Kingsimple and !nce is that Comrade Joshua Nkomo has come re that the part in the y ensuring eople. nce, howe- rotected African rights. proposals' of 1966, the 1968 and the Smithof 1971, all foundered that of failure-to trans- Jesia, therefore, decoy or decepis to our path to d excuse that raciallyon the f, our liberation of racialism and colour discrimination, economic exploitation and previleges in society. Secondly, in the new nation of Zimbabwe, colour race or tribe will automatically cease to be the measure of value in society and, in this connection, any settler who chooses to be a 'Zimbabwean shall be as much of a citizen as any other. It is not our intention to substitute one form of evil with another. While in detention at Gonakudzingwa, I had this to say on this subject: "We set ourselves on a course to -fight a wrong and bring about a new order where a person's skin is treated as the accident that it is and not as a passport to fuller life." I still stand by this policy'in word and in deed. Finally, I would like to restate that the demands we have put to the United Kingdom Government on its role in decolonisation and on the release of political prisoners and on ending of the genocide on the African population in Zimbabwe, itill stand. 'Nothing in our demands on the status and role of the United Kingdom Government must be read as a reflection on the person of Mr Ivor Richard. Our demands constitute a statement of principle which we must insist upon-for the success of this conference. 29.10. 1976 GENEVA NOrthwestern University Library Evanston. I.n

PATRIOTIC FRONT 'S INTERIM GOVERNMENT:lEESENTED * _G ]ENEV \ cognr~dea Jadwe Nkwna mid RobetMube transitional government power, has full.responsi odesia (SR), will be rep ioner (RC). His function the circumstances of th the circumstances of th on th ide be to appoint a succes done with the agree ncil of Ministers (w and allowanc in Council an dent Commissioner th 'ommissioner (DRC) by the UK Governme the UK, -the case of the RC, such appointment shall be apbility to proved in advance at this Geneva Conference. If the resented office of the RC becomes vacant, or the RC is absent s will be from the country or for any reason is unable to funce ~transi- tion, then the DRC shall assume the functions of the e transi- RC during such vacancy or period. (6) In order to provide for any contingencies which may - bring about vacancies in both offices or difficulties in appointing successors to either office, this Geneva made by Conference should agree on a reserve list, in order of preference, of approved candidates for the office of e recorm- RC or DRC. fore the (7) The RC and DRC will be appointed by Letters Patent., or to the Such Letters Patent must charge the RC and DRC ement of with the duties of ensuring that the Geneva Agreehich will ment will be fully dInd properly implementeOl, and that independence will be achieved in the manner and es to be within the time planned, and that in the interim id to be period there will be good and orderly Government. Inall cases where they are called upon to exercise any here shall discretion, such discretion must be exercised in the vho shall light of the foregoing duties. For example this would nt. As in apply in the case where the RC has a discretion to

C. Composition (1) The PM shall be appointed by the RC in accordance with the terms of the Geneva Agreement. (2) The other Ministers shall be appointed in accordance with a. formula contained in the Geneva-Agreement, which shall provide, inter alia, that at least four-fifths of the members of the CM, including the PM, shall be from the Liberation Movement. D. Dismissal See Part I, B (7) (b), (c) and (d) above. E. Replacement A replacement Minister., including the PM, should represent the same interests as the former minister. F. Functions 1. General (a) To advise the* RC in the exercise of his executive authority. (b) To act, together with the RC, as the supreme legislative authority and to make laws for the peace, order and good government of SR. 2. Specific (a) Unless this has already been done at Geneva, to set up a Constitutional Committee and to supervise the drawing up to a new constitution on the basis of one man one vote, To prepare for and hold elections on the basis of the independence constitution. G. Transaction of Business (1) Quorum The quorum for all meetings of the CM shall be 13. man. in tne ausence OT 00 En deputy the ministers present shall number to act as chairman of that r* (3) Voting. " (a) Save where otherwise specificallywill be by a simpple majority of I1 voting., provided that there shall 9 affirmative votes. (b) Subject to (c), legislation and thE draft independence constitution wi mative votes. (c) Amendment of transitional constit tion recommending the removal c DRC requires 17 affirmative votes. NOTE: The power of amendment wi stricted, We propose that the followirn unalterable:, Resident Commissioner' Council of Ministers Judiciary Public Service Constitutional Committee Electoral and Delimitation Commission Amendment procedure. (d) The declaration of a state of emerge action to meet threats to public se, 17 affirmative votes, provided thahas received not less than 13 aff irm, given effect to by the RC by vir under paragraph B (7) (k) above. (4) The CM shall be master of itsown p (5) All delegated legislation shallibe 1; within 3 days of its publication at full force and effect unless annulled 14.days thereafter. 2nd November, 1976. GENEVA. -Comrade A. Chambati Vice Secretary-Generary Comrade C. G. Musipa Secretary of Education" ter, or to use blic order or e and e CM )t less val of ill be vested ,rs consisting . (See Part I I functions on the ouncil, unless the me cases, if a law n the appropriate Ministers shall be the of the PM andother Ministers und B. a meeting of the Council of i). on the advice of the Prime he case of the reserve powers s shall apply: t the advice of the PM unless .ommand the support of the iorted by a resorequesting such re to implement iisconduct, and hat such dismis17 Ministers re- (c) The RC shall not dismiss the PM unless he has received a resolution passed by 21 Ministers re. questing his dismissal and provided also that he is satisfied that such dismissal is warranted, in which event he shall dismiss the PM. (d) 'the RC shall not dismiss the CM as a whole (i.e. suspend the transitional government) under any circumstances. (e) no court shall enquire into any question as to whether the RC acted on advice or not, on whose advice he acted, on the nature of any advice, or into the observance or otherwise of any constitutional conventions. (f) the Prerogative of Mercy shall be exercised on the advice of the CM. (g) no Royal Instructions shall be given to the RC and the Order in Council shall so specify. (h) when a bill passed by the CM is presented to the RC for assent, he shall, without delay, signify that he assents to the bill. He shall not under any circumstances refuse-assent. (i) there will be no provision for reservation of bills either in the Order in Council or by-any prerogative instrument and it shall be expressly provided that the RC has no power to reserve bills. (j) the power of disallowance shall, so far as it affects S. Rhodesia, be abolished. (k) in situations where there is a deadlock in the CM it may be of the utmost importance that a particular motion be given effect where action is necessary in the interests of public order or good government. If such a motion fails to receive a prescribed special majority tle RC- should be given power to give effect to it if in his opinion it is necessary as aforesaid. We suggest that the "certification of bills" procedure used in transitional arrangements or in the pre-independence phase in responsible government colonies be adopted.' The areas in which this procedure would be used are: - the declaration of a state of emergency and executive' action to meet threasts public security. The voting provisions in these areas are set out in Part II, F (3) 4d).

.STATEMENT OF GUIE Comrades .Joshua Nkomo and Robert Muga (Front Row) at the presse conferwnce in Geneva 1. Introduction to the Second Phase of the Geneva Conference In designing structure and functions of the transitional Government, it is necessary to have a clear perspective. This may require laying down guiding principles which take into account the peculiar nature of British colonialism in Zimbabwe. The following are some of the basic principles: (a) Nature of British colony of Southern Rh being governed by a mir basis of illegality in thi colonial power) and thu munity. In 1965 Britair explosive situation to k"

Cist In submitting these proposals on the Constituiver tional structures of the Transitional Government s of on the basis of which our country will move from Of colonial to independent status, the Zimbabwe use P atriotic Front wishes to affiem that the source and power of such a transitional Constitution derives from the supreme sacrifice in the armed \of nd other forms of struggle of the people of Zimon- babwe. reilaZim- dt eff I th ati he The Patriotic Front reiterates that the people of ive Zimbabwe demand'an interim Constitution whose rer capacity, content, and direction clearly gives ,es them control over the institutions of Government' tal which are strategic in the determination of the of certainty of and the pace to independence. It is in ch this spirit that the Patriotic Front will participate in the Transitional Government, in which Britain, as the decolonizer, will exercise her terminal of residual powers. he We call for the adoption of. the accompanying ?c- proposals by the Conference. - at on 2-12-76 GENEVA-

RESPONSE TO THE CHAIRMAN'S STATEMENT 1. The Patriotic Front called for this plenary session in order to respond to the statement made by the Chairman, Mr. Ivor Richard, at yesterday's session. We were not able to respond to it immediately because our request to be provided with a copy of the statementbefore the meeting was refused, although other interested parties were given statements over the weekend. It was considered impolitic to give advance copies of the statement to the Patriotic Front but not to others. We must register our strong protest to the British Government for the tactics adopted at this conference aimed at accentuating divisions among African nationalist delegations and at negotiating over our heads the future of our country and the destiny of our people. 2: We have read the Chairman's statement carefully and find -it imprecise and evasive on the crucial question of fixing a definite date for the independence Qf our country. We had agreed at the start of this conference that the date. for the independence of Zimbabwe would have to be fixed before any other issues could be discussed. The Chairman himself said on Friday, November 7, that "the main problem was to agree on a date for independence". Further, the Chairman, speaking at the closing session of the third meeting, stressed the importance of fixing a target date for independence, and the need to grasp the opportunity we have. He said, "It is therefore necessary to agree on a date and thereby eliminate the risk of slippage. I again underline that agreement on a date is a task of urgency. I propose therefore to continue informal consultations". 3. The Patriotic Front, with its legal team, prbduced a detailed time-table which demonstrated beyond reasonable doubt that the necessary processes could, be completed within 9 months. On this basis we proposed September 1, 1977 as the independence date. We conceded 3 months to December 1, 1977, in order to accomodate Britain's objections and representations. The British Government has ignored both~the evidenceo we produced and the concessions we made for no apparent reason. British' intransigence is inexplicable and therefore raises our suspicions. 4. We must state that we regard the fixing of a firm date for independence as a substantive issue before this conference because of the need for certainty, and clarity of direction, and the definite commitment of the British Government. Furthermore, there is justifiable fear of attempts by reactionary forces to seize power again illegally; if no specific date is fixed. 5. It has become obvious to us that the British Government has no intention to transfer power to the true reprensentatives of the people of Zimbebwe.'We should stress that our differences with the British Governmet are not only over dates and months or over the tree months period between December 1, 1977 and March 1, 1978 as reflected in our respective positions, The Political Context of the Geneva Conference 10 II

PRESS STATEMENT BY THE PATRIOtC FRONT" but also the basic intentions and motives. This is demonstrated by Britain's refusal to commit itself to a definite date of independence. 6. The Patriotic Front totally rejects the position of the British Government as reflected in the Chairman's statement. Our rejections flow from-the the nature. of the British document itself which does not allow us to proceed into. the next stage of the present delibera.tions, because it is imprecise, uncertain, and not pegged to a firm date of independence. Such a date would control the pace of the preseri deliberations in setting up the transitional governmen and the pace for the completion of the processes nedossary for the independence constitution. The impreciion and equivocation in'the British document leaves u's in a position where' we are unable to plan the processes and time-table for achieving independence. For instance, the discussions on the setting up of the transitional government could drag on ad-infinitum. Therefore, the nature of this document makes it futile to proceed to other matters. 7. We firmly believe that it is absolutely imperatve ,that there has to be a time limit as to the period nbcessary to establish a transitional government. There has to be a date fixed as to when the computation of Robert Mugabe Leader of ZANU Delegation the time for the independence period begins. Finally, there has to be a definite and ceiling date for independence. 8. We therefore maintain our position that the lst.December 1977 must be named as a definite date for independence. To ensure that this date cannot be sabotaged we call on the Chairman to fix here and now a deadline for the conclusion of this Conference. This deadline.should not prejudice the date for independence. 9. Since the Chairman made his statement in the Plenary session yestprday, 15th November 1976, it has come to the notice of the Patriotic Front that the Chairman has again circulated yet- another document entitled "The Shape of the Transitional Government", to all delegations and interested parties to this Conference, but- excluding the Patriotic Front. The Patriotic Front regards the conduct of the Chairman in persistently excluding them from access to certain informatiorA relevant to the deliberations of this Conference as raising a serious crisis of confidence in the Chairman himself. The Patriotic Front is therefore compelled to entertain serious doubts about the overall British intentions in respect of this Conference. Presented by Joshua Nkomo President of the ANC (Z) Geneva 16th November, 1976. 1. The independence of the people of Zimbabwe is long overdue. The 6 1/2,million people of Zimbabwe are entitled to self-determination and the enjoyment of all their inherent fundamentalhuman rights in the land of their birth. The basic national aspiration of our people has always been to live in a free, democratic iepublic of Zimbabwe. Thus during the 86 years 'bf British imperialism and colonialism aided and abetted by other Western and South African reactionary forces, the oppressed masses of Zimbabwe have relentlessly striven for this fundamental right. 2. For the last 13 years the people of Zimbabwe, under the vanguard leadership of their legitimate, political movements which have formed the Patriotic Front, have gallantly waged the armed struggle, first with. crude weapons and now with improved firearms in order to achieve their freedom and independence. The central objective of this armed struggle has always been, and still is, to ensure the transfer of power from the foreign white minority settlers to the indigenous majorityand thus to transform the present socio-economic system characterized by colonial exploitative domination into one characterized by equal rights and opportunity. The intensification of the armed struggle has created-conditions favourable for the attainment of the cherished goal' of freedom and independence both inside and outside Zimbabwe. It was clearly the pressure of the armed struggle that forced the British Government, as the principal power of all the forces that have colonised and ex:ploited the people of Zimbabwe for 86 years, to convene the conference in Geneva (October-December, 1976). The Patriotic Front

.accordingly views this conference as a direct product of the armed struggle and, indeed, as a con-* tinuation of it. 3. The progress of this conference has shown that', only the Patriotic Front, comprising the delegations of ZANU and. ZAPU, stand unequivocally opposed to the forces of imperialism and colo. nialism, a position which correctly represents the basic aspirations of the struggling broad masses of Zimbabwe. The peripheral and substantive issues being discussed at this confeience must be viewed - in the light of the two contending forces - the -colonial forces on the one hand, and the liberation forces on the other. The liberation forces are represented by the Patriotic Front in Geneva, and by the gallant freedom fighters together with the heroic broad masses whose continuing struggle in Zimbabwe is being reported in newspapers, and by radio and television everyday. In essence, this is the political reality we face at this Conference and in Africa. 4. Despite the British Government's claim that it is willing to grant independence to Zimbabwe, its actions in events leading to, and even during, this Conference, make that declaration -pious and questionable. We recall that the Anglo-American proposals were -negotiated by United States Secretary of State, Henry_ Kissinger, and Johannes Vorster and Ian Smith to the total exclusion of the African people of Zimbabwe. It was left to the rebel leader to choose and announce to us the terms on which he would accept majority rule. One of these terms was that the freedom fighters must cease fighting and another was that-defence and police mattprs should remain in rebel hands. The Patriotic Front resolutely rejected this crude insolence, by a regime which has no regard for law, honour-and promises. On the contrary, we -announced our determination to intensify the armed struggle until total victory is achieved. In this respect, the Patriotic Front, together with the heroic struggling masses of Zimbabwe, hail the recent resolution of'the Liberation Committee in Dar es Salaam to do all within its power to support our armed struggle until the racist minority regime is toppled. The Patriotic Front on behalf of the people of Zimbabwe wish to take this opportunity to express its profound appreciation to the OAU countries, the Frontline States and .the progressive international community for their demonstration of revolutionary solidarity for the cause of human freedom in Zimbabwe. 5. We are aware that settlers have not yet cori- ceded defat; ther they see the Anglo-American plan as a change of tactics only. They have said that the Kissinger plan "ensures complete control by Europeans ari that '"if after 2 years we (Europeans) don't agree on a constitution, we can revert back and the. present government (which will be "on ice") will take over again". British and American imperialists themselves seem; to have come to the conclusion that their interests can no longer be served by a white racist regime; they prefer to substitute a black regime which will be less exposed to attack but will serve their interests even more efficidntly. They therefore view the major purpose of this Conference as the creation of a black 'puppet government which will continue to dance to their tune. British tactics here and the vilification of progressive delegations by the British and American press must be seen in that context. The Patriotic Front will continue to resist these manoeuvres and to work for an outcome of the Conference which will not betray the basic interests of our people, but ensure complete control by the African people of all aspects of government, beat themenace of puppetry, avoid civil strife and disorder and guarantee the best conditions for rapid economic reconstruction. Until.. these conditions are fulfilled, our war against imperialism will not have ended. 6. With regard to the conduct of this Conference, we have had occasion to complain about the divisive tactics employed by. the Chairman during the course of this Conference. There have been undisguised attempts to divide and rule. On at least two occasions, favoured delegations were shown or issued with conference documents which were expressly denied to the Patriotic Front. The Patriotic Front was-portrayed as uncooperative, with the BBC and the Western press dutifully manufactufing imaginary splits and revolts. Above all the British delegation has displayed rigid intransigence in its resolve 'to please Johannes Vorster and lan Smith. More seriously perhaps is the way the Conference is being conducted. Minutes of bilateral talks have not been recorded as Conference documents. As a result delegations do not know, what has been' discussed in bilateral meetings that did not involve them. We fall upon the Chairman to hold more discussions in. the open forum than in secret. r7. The Patriotic Front would like to see a peaceful and orderly transfer of power from the British Government and their settlers to the people of legalistic posturing and of this Conference is and iat power. In order to :tive, we demanded that rst fix a short, firm timeence of Zimbabwe. The uld have demonstrated a :ish Government and the central objective - the rid created' a clear and r the process towards :ion, and assuming an ched, a firm date would iligation on all concerned Accord. Our legal team rogramme which showed dministrative work that cipation of independence a to ten months. Accordhad named 1 September date of independence. negatiation and. with to with that of the British to postpone our indepen- -d to er that our te was not iwho have 15 month 'his British it they are riotic Front 8. As a result of the firm stand adopted by the Patriotic Front on the issue of a specific indepen-. dance date, we note that the Conference has now accepted the following: (1) naming a target date for-the conclusion of the Geneva Conference, namely 20th December, 1976, and that this date will not prejudice the date of independence; and (2) commitment by the British Government to lst March, 1978, as the ceiling date, beyond which independence cannot be - delayed. (3) the fact that the specific time framework in which the British Government have committed themselves to grant independence to our country, includes our non ceiling date of 1stDecember, 1977, and that an earlier date can be declared and confirmed by us before the end of the Conference. Nevertheless, we are unable to accept the British tireframe of 15 months and accordingly, reiterate our stand that independence shall come strictly within a 12 month period. To facilitate the business of this Conference, we agree to defer any further discussion on the fixing of a date'for independence on the strength of the British statement which allows us to revert to this question at a later stage of the Conference. We, therefore, wish to make it known that we are reserving our position on the fixing of the date until an appropriate stage of the Conference has been reached. Geneva, 29 November, 1976.

Following- is a proposed Structure of the Transitional Government of Zimbabwe (SouPthern Rhodesia) presented to the Chairman, Mr. Ivor Richard, this afternoon by the Patriotic Front. 1. Council of Ministers (a) The Council of Ministers must be the real basis of the transitional governmeit. I have a clear majority of members drawn from the Liberation Movement, one of whom will be the Prime Minister. (b) The Council of Ministers must have full legislative As well as executive powers. (c) Decisions of the Council of Ministers must be simple majority save on matters where the interim constitution requires a two-thirds or other special majority. (d) The Liberation Movement Ministers must ontrol all the ministries directly or indirectly concerned with the completion of he pre-independence processes. 2. Resident Commissioner (a) Britain's responsibility to decolonise uthern Rhodesia requires that there be a Resident Commissioner answerable to ritain. (b) The functions of the Resident Commissioner will be the traditional formal functions of a Governor in a dependent territory but with certain specific limitations on his powers to meet the exceptio /I situation of Southern Rhodesia. (c) In any exercise of discretio the principles on which the Resident Commissioner will act are that indepen nce must come in the manner and within the time planned, and that in the/interim period there must be good and orderly government. In short, he muSt be charged with the duty of ensuring full and proper implementation of the "eneva Agreement. 30th November, 1976. Geneva. To expedite the completion of the business of the Conference the Patriotic Front presen. 'ted the following time-table of work for adoption by the Conference. 1. Adoption of time-table Time-table for the Conference 1 Dec. 2. Structure of Transitional Government ) 3. Role of the British Government 4. Powers of the transitional Government 5. Functions of the transitional Government 6. Fixing of the exact date of independence ) ) 7. Appointment of Ministers ) 30th November, 1976. Geneva. E 1-4 Dec. 6-8 Dec. 9-19 Dec. 1 20 Dec. sto prss stop prs - sto pes-so PATRIOTIC FRONT 'PRESS RELEASE) 1. When the Geneva Conference on Zimbabwe was convened seven weeks ago, the Patriotic Front defined its' position and objectives quite clearly.. These were: a" that the Conference was brought about by the armed liberation strug-.gle being waged by the Patriotic Front; b) that the Patriotic Front regarded te Conference as between two parties only: the struggling people of Zimbabwe on the one hand and the colonisers 'of our country on the other; c) that the objective of the Conference had solely to be the transfer of power from the minority racists to the people of Zimbabwe; d) that the Patriotic Front rejected totally the Anglo-American plan for Rhodesia'which purported to lead to majority rule when in fact it was an imperialist conspiracy against the liberation struggle of the people of Zimbabwe; e) that the "United Kingdom should carry out its full responsibility of decolohising S. Rhodesia in accordance with the wishes of the people of Zimbabwe; f) that there can be no abandonment of the armed liberation struggle until the total transfer of power. 2. On the basis of this position the Patriotic Front participated in the Geneva Conference with a determination to make it succeed. 3.' It is this spirit dedicated to the genuine independence of Zimbabwe that the Patriotic Front firmly insisted a) that the United Kingdom fix a definite and unequivocal date for .Zimbabwe to become independent within twelve months; , b) that the United Kingdom Government give a categorical commitment to decolonising Rhodesia within that period. 4. In the course of the seven weeks the Patriotic Front, through its firm stand, has managed a) to get the United Kingdom Government to make a public statement of commitment to the independence of Zimbabwe coming even by the 1st December, 1977; b) to expose and crush the Anglo-' American plan which was designed to hoodwink the people of Zimbabwe into accepting a puppet regime for, their independence as proved by Crosland's confession that the objective of the Conference was to create a ,,moderate" and therefore reactionary regime in Zimbabwe. On this we. have irrefutable documentary evidence revealing the British and U. S. motives It is tragic that some socalled nationalist leaders are falling for this dangling imperialist carrot; c) to expose that an ."inquiry" rather than a conference was being conducted; 5. The Patriotic Front reaffirms its original stand on the conditions and objectives for the transfer of power. In consultations during recess and at the resumption of discussions in Geneva in January, the Patriotic Front will asset its stand more vigorously, to ensure the total defeat of .any further conspiracies to install a puppet regime in Zimbabwe and guarantee, the advent of genuine independence to Zimbabwe through struggle and sacrifice. 6. Our stand continues to be 'that any arrangements for a transitional o government must enable that transitional government to draw an independence constitution which is in the real interests of our people. It must be an effective decision-making machinery as to a) the terms of the independence constitution; b) the smooth passage to independence without built-in obstructions or impediments; c), the day-to-day government. For these reasons, real power, as related to the ministries which control essential processes towards independence must be in the hands of the liberation movement. There can be no question of power sharing. 7. The Patriotic Front as a democratic movement has always stood for free elections based on ONE MAN ONE VOTE. At the same time the Patriotic Front maintains that such elections if they are to reflect the will of the people can only be conducted under the allspices of an established interim government and not under the canopy of the Smith regime as is being suggested by certain reactionary and opportunistic elements in Zimbabwe. 8. The Patriotic Front opposes any British role during the interim period that exceeds the minimum participation of the British Government required to set in motion the process of decolonisation. 9. We are particularly grateful to the "Frontline" states of Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, Tanzania and Zambia which have remained steadfastly at our side throughout this first part of the attempt to solve the problem of Zimbabwe. We are equally grateful to members of the O.A.U. and other suoporting countries which continue to stand by our side. 10. The Patriotic Front is there to -stay to realise the national objectives of the people of Zimbabwe in particular national unity and national liberation through intensification of the armed liberation struggle.

Sto..'s.,to s - stop pres - s@0 The Patriotic Front wishes to mike it abundantly clear that the adjournment of the conference has been brought about by the failure of the British Government and its protege the Rhodesian racist regime to come out with any concrete proposals for a transitional government. Yet the Patriotic Front on their part presented concrete proposals with a timetable designed to bring about the successful conclusion of the conference by December 20 as previously agreed. Robert Mugabe. Joshua Nkomo, Head of ZANU President of ANC (Zimbabwe) Geneva, 15 December, 1976. NKOMO EXPLAINS THE REASON FOR THE GENEVA CONFERENCE In a press interview -that he gave at the Hotel Intercontinental on December 9, the ANC President, Mr Joshua Nkomo, explained the basic reason behind the holding of the Geneva Conference on Rhodesia. He said that the- purpose of the Geneva conference was to transfer power from a small section of the population to ALL THE PEOPLE, including the small section that monopolised power. Here isthe full text of what the President said: "The important thing that I want to talk about is the reason why we came to Gpneva. We came to Geneva, not just to give what appears to be the answer to the problems besetting our country, but to achieve that which we have been struggling for for years. "It is something that has broughtabout the present war - that is, the illegitimate power that is being held by a section of our people. We have been fighting, first politically, for all these years so that power is transferred to THE PEOPLE OF ZIMBABWE, including those who are holding power today illegitimately. "It is not our intention that power should be taken away from one. section of the community to be given to another. But ratherthe position is that power sbould be taken away from a small section-of our people, who happen to be white, so that it is given back to the people as a whole, including the white people. There is no question of anybody being excluded here. "I was asked by some people herein Geneva whether transfer of power means that Smith must surrender. My reply is this: Smith must surrender in as far as he is surrendering to the people - not just to the nationalists or to the freedom movement as such, but to those.pe6ple who are represented by the liberation movement. "The liberation movement does not represent a small section, or a section of this or thatcolour. Rather; it is struggling to liberate the country from minority-control to majoritycontrol. I must repeat here: this means the majority of the people of Zimbabwe, including the small minority that has been monopolising power for all these years. "There are talks in the corridors here in Geneva that the purpose of this conference is to bring about a machinery for the sharing of power. This is not what we came to Geneva for. We did not come hete to work out a transitional Government whose purpose will be to share power between black and white, as the people who expound this theory say. "The fact is that we have come here to create a machinery for the trans fer of power from a minority' to majority - not for the sharing of power because sharing of power means that we have groups of people with different. interests. This we do not accept. We are non-racialists; we believe in one people; we believe in, one nation - that is, the Zimbabwe nation - and power cannot be shared. It can only be transferred to ALL the people from a small group - minority - Qf the people that has held this power for many years. " We are not saying that this power must. be re-distributed just for the sake of re-distributing, but for the sake of creating a balanced nation a balanced nation that takes into. account that all the people of our country must share the wealth of our country. . 'We are thinking here in particular of a very big number or percentage of our people who are:21 years old, or 21 and under. These young people, especially those with black skins, arff; roaming the streets., of Salisbury, Bulawayo, Gwelo, Umtali and so on, without any future. We cannot allow this to coritinue. This dtate of affairs has brought about the war that is raging in our country. -We want te remove this. "We want to create a notion where all our young people those whoseI future is dark - will experience a new. life, where they 1will -have' something to live for, something to contribute, something to ibe proud of, something to -make them feel that they belong to that country - not that they are servants of the othets, but that they, together, work for this one nation. "Our intention is to build 'a new nation, not new in the sense tlat our forefathers did not have a nation, but new in the sense that we are re. creating it from the chaotic situation" of the colonial era where peopl have been divided by race. - 1"In sating this, I wish to stress-the importance of creating' one nation, eliminating racialism completely Oid, of course, we cannot elieminte racialism and condone tribalism. I1a s.. 6. - stop p - o s we have been fighting, ai fighting, against racialism, % fight, even more .iiciously, any signs of tribalism that. s show in our country today."We are fighting for a nat people, - black, yellow or red, who have made that countr home. They must feel sec matqer what their skin colour MUZEREWA'S MAD AMBITIOP IS POWER-NOT COUNTRY Bishop Muzorewa's Delegati fered a serious set back at the Conference when its plan for a Prime Minister for the government under the preser ditions was rejected by th ference. The Muzorewa plan the Conference should adjo 14 -days for the purpose ducting an opinion poll in R to choose the Prime Minister the interim government. The Patriotic Front, the Delegation and the British Del all rejected the, plan as unw and impracticable. Forinsta Nkomo asked, what would ha after electing such a Prime ad upon reassembling in the conference failed to agree -Structure of an interim govern nd are Over what would this man be "Prime e shall -Ministering"? The failure to answer against this * question by the Muzorewa Sem to Delegation " demonstrated most graphically the impracticability of ion of the plan. . people The A.N.C. president. Joshua Nkomo Y their emphasised that he was for free ire, no democratic elections under one man is." one vote but free democratic elections require democratic conditions. He pointed out that these democratic conditions did not exists in Zimbabwe because'of the following: 1. There was a state of emergency which gave the smith regime wide powers. 2. There are operational areas, curfews and protected-villages. 3. Some people who may wish to I campaign for the Primiership were in detention or exile. 4. A war is going on and to attempt to conduct elections under the present conditions would result in mass killings and arrests. 5. The major task' of the Geneva Conference is to appoint an interim government whose task would be to on suf- create democratic conditions in Geneva which democratic elections can be electing held, not to elect a Prime Minister interim but also the Government as a whole. nt cone Con- The position of the vas that Patriotic Front -on urn for Elections of con- The cornerstones of the policy of the hodesia- -Patriotic Front is the establishment to lead in Zimbabwe of a democratic government popularly elected on the basis of one man one vote. This has always Sithole been our policy in all the successive legation liberation movements that have been 'orkable banned by the minority regimes. nce Mr The objectivq of the Geneva Conppen if, ference is to set up an interim govMinister enment that effectively removes Geneva, power from the present minority on the regime to the majority, and it is that nment? interim government which will be responsible for creating conditions that are conductive to free And democratic elections. It will remove the state of emergency and thus allow all zimbabweans all over the world to return home and vote. It will release all the detainees so that they may also take part in the elections. The gerrilla-fighters and all those in the protected villages will also be able to take part in the elections freely and without fear. In the elections proposed by Bishop Muzorewa the gerrillas, nationalist leaders in exile and thousands of people in "protected villages' - the -very people who have suffered and are suffering for majority rule - will not be able to take part in the elections. Is this fair? How will they feel. Have they no right to take part in elections? Is it fair to take advantage of their absence? We have always demanded one man, one vote as a basis for electing a government of the people, it is therefore dishonest for the Muzorewa's Delegation to claim that the Patriotic Front is opposed to democratic elections. It is even :more dishonest of them to pretend that we * do not appreciate the ' political wisdom of the people of Zimbabwe. The call by the Muzorewa group for the election of a Prime Minister under the present repressive conditions in Zimbabwe, is a dangerous gimmick, a pretence and sheer politicking at the expense of resolving the problem besetting our country. Genuine democracy is too precious to be turned into a political game and to be used to make cheap political propaganda. In contrast, the Patriotic Front will ensure that properly conducted democratic elections, organised by the transitional government - that represents the majority, take. place before independence. -- U

In this issue we Odb iti a cnbat diary of thi Zinbabwe Peol0I li n~fl nEIU-II '"; "-Revolutionary Army (ZPR' )Whch" is anarm of the Afrida#i "National Council of Zimbabwe. led by Joshua Nkomo..100, LIVDI911[ formerly, military winq of the Zimbabwe AfriCan People's UnioIn, pri ip ZAPU, entered into an arranqement with-ZANU cadre in November 1975 to form the Zimbabwe People's Army - ZlPA.JbhqIe !ai been a lot of confusion, about who is ZIPA and who is not. The forces o f ZAPU (now ANC of Zimbabwe) and those-of ZANU A M U together form ZIPA. -But because of certain developments which .....are now being examined and rectified, the two were separated so ARM Y * that they could operate as separate sections of ZrPA-. II The Patriotic Front which established a working alliance between former ZAPU (ANC of Zimbabwe now) and ZANU last October is a step in establishing a much more far-sighted and long-term .objective for a free and united Zimbabwe. It is the very strong wish of the Patriotic Front that the armed struggle must be intensified under conditions of unity. After the liberation of Zimbabwe, it is again the PF's ardent wish that the sons and daughters of Zimbabwe must defend and promote their country's "* " - independence and security 'as one army of one pe6ple belonging to one nation. The Patriotic Front was pot formed for the purpose of the Geneva conference as some people think. It was formed to serve first and foremost the unity of the masses of Zimbabwe from the stage of the liberation struggle to that of independence. Zimbabweans have a very big duty and responsibility to ensure- that such a positive creation should not be destroyed or distorted by characters with sectional ideas and are .bent at all costto secure personal political posts (like premiership) instead of the freedom and independence of Zimbabwe for the genuine interests of the masses. The Patriotic Front will not at any stage betray the masses. To achieve this objektive, all Zimbabweans ire under ah obligation to strengthen this national front by joining one of its components, that is either ZAPU (ANC of Zimbabwe) or ZANU. ZPRA COMBAT DIARY May 5,- 1976: The railway line linking Rhodesia with South Africa which passes through Botswana was blown. up by the daring combattants operating in the Plumtree area. This resulted in a train derailment. May 10, 1976: Our forces operating in Kezi district killed three white reservists. These reservists had got information of the presence of our fighters in the area through an African traitor. Their weapons were captured. May 13, 1976: Our forces operating in Kariba district captured three enemy boats and three engines which were stationed at Robert's Hotel situated on the banks of lake Kariba. These boats were serving the enemy to patrol the lake and transport some tourists to view the lake. May 23, 1976: The regime life-line which passes through Botswana to South Africa and serving the Smith's regime as a route to transport its badly needed essential goods ZIMBABWE MUST BE FREE! from its allies was sabotaged by ZPRA forces operating in Plumtree area. The train detonated an explosive device laid by our forces resulting in extensive damage caused on the desiel locomotive, rail cut and all rolling wagons derailed. The repair works took a considerable time to be completed and for the traffic to resume rolling to and from South Africa. Smith forces were called to track down the Peoples Revolutionary forces without success. June 1, 1976: An enemy troop-carrier detonated two land mines laid by the revolutionary forces along the road leading to their camp located at the delta of River Sengwe. The truck was shattered beyond repair, two enemy soldiers died instantly on ther spot and several other sustained injuries.June 1, 1976: Our forces operating in Kariba area demolished three enemy aircrafts - spotter planes - stationed at Bumi Hills airstrip. The enemy failed to extinguish the blazing fire because our fighters covered the blazing spotter planes with a hail of bullets. After demolishing the enemy spotter planes our fighters retreated safely without * JTering any UU=ir1Uu. Un te tolloWing day the enemy Pa fpled on, the ground and 1, theair Irying to trp 1.Wth.e peoples rav0iUtionary q ahwafts involved-in thq takd d' airrafe ivoled n track down operatio n crashe at I - ili and the pilot diqd iqsany . Juise' 1 976: An enemy troop-carrier was blown- up at Sbrdikbbb area in .Kariba district. One 'ene y soldier died after'the mine blast a in 'sevdral sustained', injuries. After this mine explosion the forces of reaction abandoned using old roads and ordered construction of new roads in the area. June 26, 1976: Our forces laid a land mine on a newly constructed road passing through Mapongola Hills in Kariba District and was detonated by an enemy supply truck on the 27th June. The driver of the truck died immediately after the mine blast. June 28, 1976: ZPRA forces laid a land mine on a recently constructed road from Chief Mona to Bumi inKariba District and a troop-carrier detonated -the mine on the 29th June. As a result of our offensive operation in the area the enemy has decided to round up all the masses and. send them to the so-called protected villages (concentration camps). July 4, 1976: Our forces in the Mlibizi area ambushed an enemy patrol unit which was led by an African traitor living at Chief Saba. The traitor was killed and four enemy soldiers were also killed in the ambush. July 17, 1976: The Bulawayo-Mafekeng railway line was blown up when the train detonated an explosive device laid by our forces, operating in the Plumtree area. The-desiel locomotive was extensively damaged and the rail cut. The repair works took five days to be completed. July.18, 1976: ZPRA forces clashed with an enemy patrol in the Wankie area, killing one enemy soldier and injuring several others. Our forces later killed a white game warder a Mr John Hattons who had discovered foot prints left behind by the people's forces in the game reserve.* July 19, 1976: Our forces operating in Gwai Reserve ambushed a police patrol on the road from Wankie tb Bulawayo. They wounded one policeman. The police vehicle was riddled by bullets. July 20, 1976: A ZPRA Commando unit hurled grenades at Pink Panther Steakhouse and outside La Boheme Night Club. It resulted in the in the injury of Mr Andrew Craig and damage of a car parked outside a night club. July 20, 1976: Our forces ambushed an enemy truck which was escorting a civiliam convoy travelling from Wankie to Bulawayo. Results were that a Mr Bradford a locomotive driver was seriously wounded in the incident. July23, 1976: ZPRA forces killed an enemy white reservist working for RNTC stationed at Sacred Heart Mission in the Wankie district. July 26, 1976: ZPRA combattants operating in the Vic:toria Falls area ambushed an enemy section of 10 soldiers * patrol ,hey overan the section and captured nine FN30 r rifles, orqe AIG gun and 15 hand grenades. Our forces suffered no casualties. July 27, 1976: Our forces operating in the Zambezi area clashed with enemy forces. The clash resulted in three enemy forces killed. July 28, 1976: A ZPRA force attacked an enemy operational base at Matetsi area and inflicted heavy casualties on the -enemy. Air reinforcement was called in. Our forces retreated without any losses. July 31, 1976: ZPRA forces raided a tourist centre under construction in the Pandamatenga area. Our forces captured one FN30 rifle, one short gun and a considerable quantity of explosives. August 1, 1976: Our forces ambushed two police trucks that were patrolling in the Bambadzi area-in Plumtree District. They killed two enemy police mien and set the vehicles on fire. Several policemen sustained:'some bullet wounds. August 1, 1976: In Bambadzi area our forces ambushed a Selous Scout patrol unit killing one and wounding four and two escaped. Our forces captured five FN30 and ammunition from the enemy.. August 8, 1976: ZPRA forces operating in the Nyamandhlovu District demolished Nyamandhlovu Police station and incinnerating it. August 1, 1976: ZPRA forces operating in the Plumtree area clashed with enemy patrol unit of eight at Dombolefu and overran them. Our forces captured some war material. / August 10, 1976: ZPRA forces overran an army road block mounted along the Bhala Bhala - Bulawayo road. August 15, 1976: A land mine experty laid by our gallant forces operating in the Kariba area was activated by an army truck killing two Spanish tourists and injuring enemy soldiers who were escorting them along the road leading to Bumi Tourist Resort. August 9, 1976: At Lupote, two white reservists were shot dead by ZPRA forces operating in the area. War material and documents were captured. Lupote is in Wankie District. August 10, 1976: ZPRA patriots encountered an encirclement conducted by enemy forces towards Van-Nie-Kirk Hotel. A dynamic break-through resulted in the death of four enemy soldiers. On the same day a Chief's Council was raided and some essential material captured. These incidents took place in the South East of Wankie District.

August 10, 1976: The gallant ZPRA fighters operating in 'Fumugwe area in Matobo District killed one enemy Selous Scout and successfully foiled an ambush. August 24, 1976:, Beyond Banda area in Lupane a police car was ambushed by our combattants and a police officer was killed in the ambush. On retreating the- ZPRA force blew up the vehicle by. an explosive charge. September 1, 1976: ZPRA 'patriots ambushed an- enemy, command land-rover in the Lubanda area in Wankie District. Three occupants of the vehicle were killed on the spot, and the vehicle completely devastated. September3,. 1976: An armed police section in an endeavou'r to raid a residence in which a ZPRA commando was staying resulted In the death of, patrol officer Henry John Jeffrey, Detective Sergeant Walker Ncube and the third who was not. identified after a five minute gun-fire exchange in L,,veve Township - Bulawayo. September 7, 1976: ZPRA forces killed -a Mrs Lorna Mcfedden,. an enemy agent, 10 kilometres west of Plum" tree after receiving information that the racist forces frequent the farm house. On questioning about the presence of enemy troops, she produced a pistol and attempted to fire but was shot before she could fire. September 5, .1976: ZPRA combattants operating in Tjolotjo area managed to break through an encirclement mounted by enemy.forces ZPRA forces inflicted heavy looses on the enemy. September 9, 1976: In the Wankie area one enemy agent was killed after our forces got information that this agent had contact with the racist forces. September 9, 1976: Two urban command unit in Bulawayo ambushed a city council van which was from collecting the day's income from .Tshabalala African Twonship. The money shall be used to finance future operations. September,10, 1976: In Bulawayo, a ZPRA urban commando unit hurled grenades at a tourist bus near Queens Park Garage. Two tourists died on the spot and several received some injuries from grenade splinters. The-bus was a - complete wreck. September 10,1976: ZPRA forces operating in the Mlibizi area in Wankie District abushed an enemy patrol boat along the Zambezi- river. Three occupants of the boat were killed'and the ioat sunk. September 13, 1976: Our gallant fighters overran ah enemy base in the Dande area killing five enemy soldiers and wounding one. Our forces captured the following material - seven FN30 rifles - British; one Walkie Talkie - South African, 7.62 mm ammunition, uniforms, kit bags and other valuable material. August 17, 1976: ZPIRA forces peating in Plumtree areaconducte a raid at a Dombolefu Council Administrative Centre destroying the office building. August 18, 1976: A reservist stationed 20 kilometres west of Plumtree was killed by our forces operating in the are. August 22, 1976: Our forces ambushed an enemy patrol unit killing Lance- corporal Fraiser Samuel Gamble, 32, and Jolin Mamvuri, 21, in the Binga area. August 25, 1976 An enemy troop-carrier detonated two land mines Iiid by our forces operating in the-Chirundu area. The truck was wrecked beyond repair, four occupants died. instantly and several, received some bodily injuries and were evacuated to Kariba Hospital for treatment by a helicopter. August 26, 1976: An enemy truck detonated a land mine in the Chirundu area. The truck was shattered and the occupants received serious injuries. September 10, 1976: An enemy troop-carrier detonated a land mine in. the Binge District. The truck was damaged beyond repair and several enemy soldiers received injuries. September 18, 1976: ZPRA urban commando unit hurled grenades at WoolWorth Departmental store in Bulawayo. Considerable damage worth thousands of dollars. was caused by the grenades blasts. September 19, 1976: ZPRA forces attacked Kariba airport by rocket launchers. The airport building was extensively damaged by the rockets and on retreat our forces,set the building on fire. September 22, 1976: Our gallant combattants ambushed two enemy patrol boats along the Zambezi river near Kanyemba Police Station on the Rhodesian bank. 'they killed eight enemy forces and one of the boats sunk. October 6, 1976: In the Wankie District at 1600 hours a southbound Rhodesia Railway goods train detonated expertly laid explosive charges ot the Matetsi bridge. The rail and the two bridge spans were completely shuttered into pieces. The locomotive steam engine was extensively damaged and the engine driver together with his fireman died instantly., Eleven fully loaded goods wagons were flung into the river bed. This o0eration has disrupted and affected greatly the railway services of the ratist government. The repair works reveal that they will take a con siderable time to reconstruct the bridge. October 8, 1976: A Plumtree-Bulawayo railway line couvert bridge across Mwewe, east of Marula was completely destroyed when the locomotive engine pulling more than twenty wagons detonated explosive charges laid by ZPRA forces. The locomotive engine was blown' off the rail. This operation further demoralized the efforts. and morate of the enemy regime after the Matetsi sabotage.

SMITH'S POLITICAL PRISONERS IN RHODESIA I'ORAi. Gilbert (18) (phlsei)-CWhehehFdi GOGODA, 1 unknown) 4C) GOHODZA. Sentenced to 12 years by Special Court in GOHORI, P Umtali in. September 1976 for attempting to GOMO, Fre undergo guerilla training. - GONDE, Vs FORGET. Gunja-Sowe New Village (R) Sentenced it Released and restricted to Sowe protected children. vilage. CONDO. As [OSTER. Mashal-Khami (C) GOND, Ni ['OVA. Dixie-(Where held unknown) (C') CONDO. Sa Former ANC branch chairman, sentenced to GONDORO. .5 -ears in March 1972. GONO. Mist T OVA. Edward-Wha Wha (D) GONZO. Ek FOYA. Philip 147)-(Where held unknown) GORA. Rict (C) Sentenced ir Detained in Match 1975 and charged under GORAJENA L&Oi M) Act for ,providins transport to persons GOSHO. Mu on their way for guerilla training. Sentenced in GOSINYO, J -September 1975 to 17 years. Application to GOVA. Mar appeal refused. GOVERE, D FNGARAYA-Wha Wh (D) GREYA. Ad Attempted to escape in January 1976. Sen GRIYA. JetI tened to 6 months hard labour. GDUDUZA. " IVRAYA. Karios-(Where held unknown) (C) Arrested on Sentenced to 25 years in October 1974 for to 7 years " undergoing guerilla training and possessing arms for guerilla of u at.- dismissed in GADI. Solomon- Khami (C) GL'DUZA. I GAGISA. Amon-Mtoko (C) (D) last heard of servinqg'10 years in March I9A0. GUHWETE. GAHADZIKWA. Lazarus i20)-(Sentenced .to GUHWETE. death)l GUIYUNGA Senteed "to death.by a SpeiaI Court in Sais- Known to bury in June 1976. on conviction of possessing Que Que or arms of war in the Mtoko area in September* GUKUTU. S 1975. Appeal dismissed in Jub 1976. Held since GAMAHOKO. lungisayi (19)-(Where held Rhodesian S unknown1 4I fiscated wh Farms'orker from Amanda Farm.. Mtepatepa. protected vii She was sentenced to 4 years 12"i suspended). GUMBO. Ma b) a Special Court in July. for failing to report He and 8 ot the presence of puerilbs." charged wit] G AM NO. Isaac 136) -Gwelo (D) guerillas in Senteced in 1967. for undergoing guerilla to 4 years (2 trainin s~to 7 years which he served at Khami. to guilty of Detained a Gwclo Prison on completion of guerillas. mesence. Married with one son. GUMBO. Ml GANDA. Chitaur.o.Chmunorwa-Wha Wh (D) Previously h (;ADIWA. Hozeah 129)-tSentenced to death) was detained Sentened to death in August-1976 by a Special in 1964. He Court in Salisbury for his'involvement, with 7 1965 but re4 others, in bomb attacks and acts of sabotage in after UDI n the Greater Salisbury area. detention si GARAHA. Bjrnabas-. 1ha ('hs ID) Salisbury. He (;ARAIIYFN.;A. Shepherd-WhA Who (D) GUMBO. Vic GARI '. Chanorwa-V ha Who ID). * One of three (;ARIKAYI. Oni..s 433I. t-'heae held unknown) ing to leave j -Successfully Sentenced to 30 years under L&O(M) Act in aUeged to ha 1973. by the cont (ARWL. I Wrbes-Wh ha (D) Wa in Novel A ted in Jub 19.75 and detaied at Wh h y GUMBOcHU Married with 3 children and 5 other depen- GUMBOCIIU dants. GUMU. Kaze t.ARWL. M.M-Chikurubi .GMUSAEGATSIIENI. A -91here held unknown) A Tangwena Thought to be detained presence of G;ATSI. C.K-Chikurubi had been as ;ATSI. Philemon-Gwel" fD). Sentenced in Married with 13 children. GUNDANI, G.%VANC.A. Lington M. 138)-Salisbury . known) (C) Iresi'ujiy servc4d 8.,- years at Chikurubi. he Sentenced at wA% released in 1970. Rearrested in 1975 and years. for f( currentl) held in Salisbury Prison. grillas. (See GIBSON. Gobo -IWhere held unknown) " GUNYUNGL GIBSON. Peter (221-lWh 're held unknown) Application 4). " 1976 for relk hswusttly enspkused by the Tsetse Control GURUPATI. Dept.. he %as sentenced b) a SpeOal'Court in Pleaded not September 1976 to 10 years (3 suspended) for a Special Cot Is'sdmlg food to guerillas and failing to report wounded aft their presenev. .. Rhodesian S Peter Kennedi-Wha Wh (D) Mobias Sign-Wha Wh (D) heneas-Wha Wh (D) d- Wha Wha (D) vin-Khmi (C) n 1964 to 30 years. Married with 4 ron-Khamj (C) cholas-Wha Wh (D) mson-Wha Wha (D) Dias-(Where held unknown) heck-Wha Wh (D) ed-Wha Wh (D) lard-Khami (C) n1974 to 7 years. Mwito Black-Khami (C) tero-Wha Wh (D) John-Wha Wh (D) ufu-Wha WhI (D) .G-(Where held unknown) weil-Wha Wha (D) hro-Wha Wha (D) Calvin-(Where held unknown) (C)' a Botswana-bound train. Sentenced or attempting to leave the country training. Appeal against conviction June 1976. Puins Dlba-(Where held unknown) lsiah Nyauyanga-Wha Wh (D) Phinias-Wha Wha (D) . K-(Where held unknown) (D) be detained at either Wha Wha, Gwelo., anyika-Gatooma 1973. His home was burnt by ecurity Forces and his cattle conen his family were moved to a lage. kulela-(Where held unknown) (C) hers from the Tjolosjo Ti'L were h @ssisting and failing to report January 1976. He was sentenced suspended) after altering his plea failing to report the presence of iariwa Boniface (46)-Salisbury (D) eld posts in ZAPU and PCC., he at Wha Wh and Gonakudzigwma was released at thg beginning of detained at Gwelo Prison the day 'as declared. He' has remained in sce then at Gonakudzingwa and - is married with 7 children. tor Cosmic-Wha Wha (D) - young men charged with attemptthe Country for guerilla training. challenged a statement he was ve made to the police and acquitted ft. Immediately. detained at Wha mber 1975. MA. Noah- Khami-(C) MA. Taonengwere-Wha Wha (D) rengo-Wha Wh D)(Where held unknown) (C) charged with failing to report the guerilas. Allkged in court that he united by police after his arrest. May 1976 to 3 years(I suspended). Munhamo (55)-(Where held una retrial in March 1976 to.2% ailing to report the presence of DAKA, Jeremiah) J. Canaan-Gwelo (D) to -the Rewview Tribunal in March se was refused. Nisa (20),-(Sentenced to death) guilty to possessing arms of war at urt sitting in Unstali. He was found or a clash between guerillas and ecurity Forces. He was sentenced todeath in July 1976. GURUPIRA. Zebron-Chembir (D) GURURE. lame-Fort Victoria GURURE, Stahen (22)-(Wherc held unknown) (C) Sentenced to 12 years in September 1974 for assisting guerillas to assault three District Assistants. He and. his two -teenage o.defendants alleged in Court that their confessions had been obtained by electric shock torture. GURUVE, Noah- Wha Wh (D) GUSHA, John (36)-Wha WhI (D) He has previously served a sentence for undergoing guerilla training, and has been detained at Gwelo and Wh Wh since January 1973. He is unmarried with two elderly dependants. GUSINYA; John-Wha Wh (D) GUTSARI. Sydney Vjyega-(Where held unknown) (C) He and another mas both from Mount Darwin. were sentenced to 20 years in December 1973, for being in possession of arms of war. GUTU. D-Umtali GUTU. Tafiuenyika-Wha Wh (D) Married with 8 dependants. GUVA, Petersen . (24)-Sentenced to death) He was captured after being wounded in a battle with Rhodesian Security Forces. He pleaded guilty to possessing arms of war and was sentenced to death by a Special Court in Umtal in-July 1976. GUWETE, Phineas Ben-Wha Wh (D) GUWETI, Finiyai-Wha Wh (D) GUZHA. Eric-Wha Wh (D) Married with 6 children. ' GWAMURA. Cheza-Wha Wha (D) GWANZURA. Samson M-Wha Wh (D) GWASHIRE, Lawrence-Khami (C) GWASIRA, F-(Where held unknown) GWASIRA, S-(Where held unknown) GWATHI. Jethro-Wh Wh (D) GWATURE, Timothy Takawira (62)-Wha Wh (D) Married with 9 children. Detained in June 1974 GWAYENDA, Philimon (57)- (Where held unknown) (C) A Kraalhad sentenced to 5 years (4 suspended) by a Special Court at Chiredzi in June 1976 for failing to report the presence of guerillas. GWAZE, Isak (27)- (Sentenced to death) A gierila who was wounded in a battle with Rhodesian security forces, he was sentenced to death by a Salisbury High Court in June 1976: His appeal was dismissed in August 1976. GWEDE, Plan (20)-(Sentenced to death) A guerilla sentenced to death on conviction of the murder of a white farmer, Peter Knight, at Tiripano Farm, Doma. in. May 1975. by Salis.." bury High Court in March. 1976. GWEREVENDE. Obert-Khami (C) GWEREVENDE, P-Chikubi GWERORA. Davie Muchenp-Wha Wh (D) 'GWESHE, Jingura-Khami (C) - GWIBA, Joseph-Wha Wh (D) GYINDI, Speedo-Khami (C) . GWINYA. Rishon-Wha Wh (D) GwITIRA, Bargwai-Wha Wh (D) GWITIRA, Samson-Wh WI. (D) GWITIRA, Sibert-(Where held unknown) (C). A former headmaster at Chitoro School which was closed in May 1976 after military activity in the area. Gwitira was detained at Umtali Police Station and subsequently sentenced in June to 4 years for failing to report the presence of guerillas. . HADEBE. Moffat Linda-Khami (C) Sentenced in November 1968 to an unknown term of imprisonment. . HASANI-(Where held unknown) (C) A Kraalhead- sentenced to 10 years by a Special Court at Chipinga in August 1976 for failing to report the presence of guerillas.

HATIVAGONI. Killion-(Wherv held unknown) (C) Sentenced to 7 years in May 1976 for attempting to undergo guerilla training. HLABISO. Edward-Salisbury HLAHLA. Henry Hanyani t46)-Wha Wha (D) A teacher from Chipinga. detained in November 1975. Charges under the L&O.M) Act. relating to recruiting persons for guerilla training, were withdrawn in March 1976 and Hlahla was detained at Wha Wha. HLANGANI-(Where held unknown) (0 Sentenced in June 1975 to 7 years (4 suspended). HLATWAYO. S -Umtali HLENGANI-(45)-(Where held unknown) (C) Sentenced to 5 years (2 suspended) by a Special Court at Chiredzi in June 1976 for failing to report the presence of guerillas, HLENGANI, John M (65)- 1Sentenced to death) Sentenced to death on charges of recruiting his 3 nephews for guerilla training in October 1975. Appeal against death sentence dismissed in February 1976 and petition to the President dismissed in March. HLONGWANE. Billy M-Khami (C) Sentenced to life imprisonment in January 1975. HLONGWANE. Petros-Wha Wha (D) HLONGWANGE. Samuel-Khami (C) HLUPE, Elias-(Where held unknown) (C) A bus driver in the Chipinga area, his 9-year sentence for failing to report the presence of guerillas was reduced in the appeal 'court in June 1976 to 6 .ears (2 suspended). HLUPO. Isaac-Salisbury HODZA, Mhengu Douglas-Wha Wha (D) HODZA. Watson (29)-Wha Wha JD) The son of Douglas Hodza, he was detained in February 1974. HODZI, Chirombo-(Where held unknown) (C) A Kraalhead from the Mrewa area, he was sentenced at Nltoko in January 1975 to 10 years for failing to report the presence of guerillas.. HODZI. Rev. D.-(Where held unknown) (D) A minister of the United Methodist Church, he was detained in August 1975. In January 1976 the Review Tribunal refused his application for release. HOSHOMBA. H Umtali HOVE, Akonrene April (phonetic)-(Sentenced to death) A Special Court at Gwelo sentenced him to death in September 1976 f&r aiding in the recruitment of 14 persons for guerilla training. HOZHERI. Johnson Chikwara7Wha Wha (D) Detained since July 1974. HUCHU, Jojo (60)-(Where held unknown) (C) The Chief of the Huchu people, he was sentenced to 4 years at a retrial in March 1976 for failing to report the presence of guerillas. (See DAKA. Jeremiah) HUMBASHA, Bishem-Wha Wha (D) HUNDA, Elias-(Where held unknown) HUNDA, Jack Ngwerume-Wha Wha (D) HUNGWA, Donazi Mafiosi-Wha Wha (D) HUSSEY, Samson Edward-(Where held unknown) (C) Sentenced on an unknown date in 1976 to 10 years (2 suspended) for attempting to undergo guerilla training. HWENZIRA. S-Umtali JACK, Neison-Khami (C) JACOBS. Enock-Wha Wha (D), JAJi, George-(Where 'held unknown) (D) Detained, awaiting trial, on charges under the L&O(M) Act in February 1976. JAMU, Khiva-Wha Wha (D) JANGANO, Richard (25)-(Where held unknown) (C) The Vice-secretary of the Nyafaru Develop- ment Co. was sentenced to 7 years in May 1976 for failing to report the presence of guerillas. JANGIRA. Jaises-(Where held unknown) JANI, Nyamwata- (Sentenced to death) -Sentenced to death at Special Court in Chipinga in August 1976 for recruiting persons for guerilla training. JANUARY. Petros-Wha Wha (D) JARATA, Mishek-(Where held unknown) (D) JARAYI, Oliver -Connemara JASI. M-(Where held unknown) JAZI, Cleophas- Wha Wha (D) JEBRONE. Alfred M -Chikurubi (C) JECHA, Weston-Gwelo (D) Charged in November 1975 under the Prisons Act with using insulting language to a prison officer and attempting to smuggle a letter out of prison. Convicted in May 1976 and sentenced to five weeks hard labour. JENU. lshmael-Wha Whi (D) JERA, Theodore S-(Where held unknown) (D) JIMU, Kamusan-Wha Wha (D) JIMU, Kazerengo-Wha Wha (D) JIYANE, Caluza-Khami (C) Known to have been held since at least 1965. JONA, Taimon-Wha Wha (D), JONASI, Ganda Jairos-Mtoko JONASI, Z -(Where held unknown) JONGWE, Andrew-Wha Wha (D) JONGWE, Manyika Tobias-Khami (C) JONGWE. Phineas-(Where held unknown) (C) Sentenced to 12 years in January 1976. Appeal dismissed in May 1976. JONIAH, ZWIDZAYI-(where held unknown) (C) Sentenced to 4 years by a Special Court in Umtali in June 1976 for failing to. report guerillas in the Inyanga district. KABANDE. Patson-Wha Wha iD) KABIKE, Pamhidza-Wha Wha ID) KABIRA. Daniel-Wha Wha (D) KACIIAMBWA. Kingsway-Wha Wha (D) KACHERE. Gope-Wha Wha (D) Thought to have been held since 1965 at Wha Wha and Mtoko. _KACHERE, Shwasta-Wha Wha(D) KACHIDZA. Rev. Henry (65)-Wha Wha (D) Methodist Minister, Treasurer of the Muzorewa ANC and Chairman of Christian Care in Salisbury. Arrested in July 1976 and eventually detained at Wha Whi on an indefinite basis. Suffers " from angina, heart trouble and general poor health. KADENGE, Rev. F-(Where held unknown) (D) Former branch secretary of the ANC, detained in October 1975, and charged under the L&O (M) Act with recruiting persons for guerilla training. In December 1975 charged' with committing an act of terrorism or sabotage and tried in Salisbury in; February 1976.' Charges withdrawn and Kadenge detained at Rusape. He is now indefinitely detained. KADONDZVO, Ignatius Shadreck-Wha Wha (D) KAERENGA, Magetsi-Wha Wha (D) KAGANDO, Mubvumbi-(Were held unknown) (C) Sentenced at Mtoko in January 1975 to 8 years for failing to report the presence of guerillas. KAGURAPADZA. Benjamini-Khami (C) KAGWA-(Where held unknown) (C) Sentenced to 20 years in December 1973 under the L&O(M) Act for committing an act of sabotage or terrorism. KAHIYA, Arnold-Khami (C) KAHONDE, Kapiyasora-Enkeldoorn KAHONDO. Amon-Wha Wha (D) KAINGIDZA, Norbett-Wha Wha (D) KAINGIDZA. Zabron-Whi Wha (D) KAJAN, Newton -Rusape KAJIVA. Kenias-(Where held unknown) 4C) Sentenced to 20 years in December 1973. KAJOKOTO. Mathew-Khatni (C) KAKORA. Steady (eSO)-Wha Wha (D) Originally detained in 1964.at Gonakudzingwa, KAKUNGUO. Richard-Wha What D) KAKWERE. Salos- (Where held unknown) KAMANYA, Wiliam-Wha Wha (D) KAMBA, Fanuel (26)-(Where held unknown) (C) Sentenced to 22 years in September 1973 for committing acts of" sabotage or terrorism in the Kandeyo TTL. I * . KAMBA, Motsi Luke-Wha Wha (D * KAMBADZA. Kajawo (48)-(Where held unknown) (C) Sentenced to 5 years in July 1976 by a Special Court at Inyanga for failing to report the presence of guerillas. KAMBEVA. Peter-Wha Wha ID) KAMBUKI. Evis-Wha Wha (D) KAMINGA. Nylon (42) -Wha What D) Detained since 1972 at Wha Wha. KAMOYO. Reuben-(Where held unknown) (C Sentenced on an unknown date in 1976 to 4 years (2!': suspended) for failing to report the presence of guerillas. KAMUPIRE- (Where held unknown) (C) Sentenced at Mtoko in January 1975 to 5 years imprisonment for failing to report guerillas. KAMUTANHU. Langton-Khami (C) KAMWANA. Kirimu-Wha Wha (D) KAMWARAIMWASHA, Joseph-Sowe New Viliage (R) IKeleased from Wha Wha into restriction in 1975. KANDAMBI. Bona-Khami (C) KANDAMBI. Israel-Khami (C) Serving life imprisonment KANDEMBIRI. Thomas-Wha Wha D) KANDENGA. Collen-Fort Victoria K-ANDI. Freddy-Whi Wha (D) KANDIYE. Ramunda-Wha Wha (D) KANDORO. Joseph Nutange (72)-Wsere held unknown ) (C) Sentenced at a retrial in March 1976 to 18 .months for failing to report the presence of guerillas. (See DAKA, Jeremiah) KANENGONI. Robert-Wha Wha (D) KANENGONI. B-(Where held unknown) KANHUKAMWE, Enos Mbofana- Wha Wha (D) KANOKL'NDA. Good (22)-(Sentenced .,.to death) Sentenced to death in February 1976 on conviction of possessing arms of war. Member of a guerilla group captured by Rhodesian security forces in September 1975. KANONHUWA. Olbriel-Khami (C) KANUNGWA, Gabriel (33)-(Where held unknown) TC) Sentenced to 20 years in December 1973 for being in possession of offensive weapons over a period of 7 years. KANYAMURA, Augustine Newet-Wha Wha (D) KANYASA, .Darlington Philimon (23)-(Sentenced to death) . Sentenced to death by a Special Court in Salisbury in June 1976, for allegedly being in possession of arms of war, a charee to which he pleaded not guilty. Mr. Kanyasa, who had lost a leg in ai iandmine explosion, stated in his defence -that he had not been found in the area that the prosecution alleged. He said in court that he had been tortured by having water poured in his nose, a piece of cloth put in his mouth, being struck on the head, and burnt on the arm and thigh with an electric instrument. An order was granted prohibiting the publication of the place where Mr. Kanyasa was arrested. KANYASA, Mandara-Salisbury KANYASA, Nyamayaro-Wha Whi (D) 22 . 111111ilm illi

"NYASA, Zakaria--aiabury (D) Thought to have been detained for several yamear KANYOKA. Stephen-Chikurubi KANYUR. -Donzayi (50)-(Where held unknown) (C) Sentenced to 5 years by Special Court at Inyanga in July 1976 for. failing to report the rence of guerillas. KAPASURA, Enock-Khami (C) KAPIYA. Edon- Wha Wha (D) KAPATAMOYO. Ephraim-Wha Wha (D) KAPOSONORE, Jonathan-Sowe New Village (R) .. Released from detention in -June 1975 into restriction. KAPUTENI. Gibson-Wha Wha (D) KAPUYANYIKA. Edward-Wha Wha (D) KAPWERE. Silas-Wha Wha (D) KARINDA. Jervas (21)-(Where held unknown) (C) A teacher at Nyakuchena School. Mudzi TTL. sentenced to 25 years in November 1975 for recruiting 6 youths for guerilla training. KARUSHA. Canaan H- Salisbury KASEKE. Leonard -Wha Wha (D) KASEKE. Z.T-Marandellas KASERE. Champion-Wha Wha (D) KASfAIRL Eric-Wha Wha (D)" KASIGO. Makwembere-(Where held unknown) (C) Sentenced at Mtoko to 6 years in January 1975 for failing to report the presence of guerillas. KASKWA. Fredgie E-Wha Wha (D) KASU. Pearson (24)-(Where held unknown) (C) The Secretary and Vice-manager of the Nyafaru Development Co. sentenced to 7 years in May 1976 for failing to report the presence of guerillas. KATANDA, David Constantine-Wha Wha AD) KATAPIRA. Makuviri-Where held unknown) KATIVU, Carvei-Wha Wha (D) KATONJE. Naison-Wha Wi (D) KATSANDE, Abrahali Peter-Wha Wha (D) Former ANC official, detained since February 1973. KATSIGA. Naison-Fort Victoria KATONJE. Sami-Wa Wha (D) KAUSIYO. Kandutu-Wha Wha (D) KAVIYA, Rufaro John Chitsungo-Wha Wha 1b) KAVIYA. Simon Mugwagwa-Wha Wha (D) KAVIZA. R. Ronald-Wha Wha (D) Served 9 year sentence at Khami and subsequently detained at Wha Wha. KAVIZA. Simon-WhaWha (D) KAVURENGA, Paul-(Where held unknown) (C) In- April 1976 his sentence of 2 years for failing to report the presence of guerillas was reduced to 2 years (18 months suspended). KAWAZVA. April- (Where held unknown) KAWENDA. George T-Salisbury (D) Sentenced to 7 years in 1966, served at Salisbury then Chikurubi and in 1973 he was detained in GonakudzinglWa. KAYENDA. Kissmore (e35)-Gwelo (D) Detained in April 1964 at Wha Wha. released for a short period and redetained to Salisbury after UDI. Subsequently detained at Gwelo, Gonakudzingwa, Salisbury and currently back at Gwelo. KAAMULA (So)-(Where held unknown) (C) Sentenced to 5 years (2 suspended) by Special Court in Chitedzi in June 1976 for failing to report the presence of guerillas. -KAZFRENGA. Jimu- Wha tWha (D) KEMBO. Dzwsnamurungu Solomon-Wha Wha (D) KE1SYASl. Beidon-Wha Wha (D) KI:TERO. John- Salis6ury KtlAHIYA. Arnold-Khami (C) Serving life impuisonment. KHESWA. Manford-Wha Wha (D) KHOSA.Peter- Wha WI (D) KHOSANA, Licken-Khami (C) jHUMALO, Lazarus-Khami (C) KHUMALO, Matalani-Wha Wha (D) KHUPE, A-Gwelo (D) KHUPE, Makulela-(Where held unknown) (C) Sentenced to 18 months (9 - suspended) in January 1976 for failing to report the presence of guerillas. KIBBI, Philip-Wha Wha (D) KUDANGIRANA, Wilbbard-Where held unknown) (C) Sentenced to 7 years in May 1976 for attempting to leave the country for guerilla training. KUGAYO, Dzadu-(Where held unknown) (C) Sentenced to 10 years in April 1976 for recruiting persons for guerilla training. KUGOTSI, Julius Medziwa-(Where held unknown) KUGOTSI, Tsangamwe-Sowe New Village (R) Released into restriction around October 1975. KUJOKA, James-Wha Wha (D) KUMBUKAYI, Patrick- (Sentenced to death) Member of a guerilla group captured by Rhodesian security forces in September 1975. Sentenced to death in February 1976. KUMBULA. Enock-Wha Wha (D) KUMBULA. Wilson-Salisbury (D) Held at-Salisbury from December 1975 facing charges under the L&O(M) Act. Branch chairman of the Highfield ANC youth branch. KUMUKIRWA, Joseph G-Wha Wha (D) KUNAKA, Gideon-Khami (C) KUNAKA, Moses-Wha Wha (D) KUPE,'A- (Where held unknown) KUPE, Kubele-Khami (C) KUPETA, Onias J.H-Khami (C) KUPUNZIRA, Taripa-Wha Wha (D) KLTAMA. Aaron Roman-Wha Wha (D) KLTVAI, Obert-Khami (C) KUWANA, Basl-(Where held unknown) (D) Detained awaiting trial in August 1976 facing charges under the L&O(M) Act relating to recruiting. /.. KWASHIRAYI, Maxwell-Khami (C) KWENDA. Vincet-Wha Wha (D) LAMBALA, Rodgers- Marandellas LUNGA. Rhodes-Khami (C) Serving life imprisonment. Married with 4 children. MAADZA, A-Umtali MABENA. Jeconia-Khami (C) Sentenced to death in 1964 under the first section of the L&O(M) Act to carry the death penalty, covering offences. involving arson or the use 'of explosives. In March 1968 the sentence was commuted to life imprisonment. Held in Salisbury and, later, Khami. Married with 3 children. MABENA, John-Wha Wha (D) MABENA, Norman-Where held unknown) (D) Administrative Secretary for Matabeleland South West Province of the ANC (Nkomo). In and out of detention since at least 1967, in Gwelo and Wha Wha. Released 1974-5 but arrested in November 1975 and charged under the African Affairs Act with holding meetings without permission. Acquitted on all-counts. Arrested again in early 1976 on similar charges of holding an illegal meeting in the Gwanda TTL. Acquitted at Gwanda Magistrates Court at the end of May 1976 but immediately detained incommunicado and denied accas to ANC representatives. MABONGO-Where held unknown) (C) Sentenced to 30 years imprisonment at an in camera trial in October 1973 following an engagement with Rhodesian security forces. A colleague, Dube, was sentenced to death and hanged in March 1974. MABONZO, Clever-CSentenced to death) Sentenced to death in 'January 1975 for the murder of a government veterinary official Mabonzo, who said that he had become a guerilla in 1966 and at the time of his capture was a political commissar, stated in his defence that he had mistaken the official for a member of the security forces. His appeal was dismissed in March, and he may well have been one of two men hanged in Salisbury on 18 April 1975, shortly before the regime stopped announcing executions. MABUTU, Lawrence- Khami (C) Sentenced to 7 (possibly 8) years impsisoment in November 1975 for attempting to leave the country for guerilla training. MABMAYO, Elias-(Where restricted unknown) (R) Released from detention into restriction in early 1976. MABUYAYI. Mwakota-Wha Wha (D) MACHAYA, E.M-(Where held- unknown) (D) MACHINGAUTA, Nicholas-Khami (C) MACHISA,Shadreck (31)-(Sentenced to death) Sentenced to death in October 1975 on conviction of recruiting one other person for guerilla training. Machisa told the court that he was originally from Mozambique and had no interest in the Rhodesian situation, although he-had lived there for a number of years. In December 1975 -his appeal was dismissed. MADENYIKA, Atthony-Wha Wha (D) MADENYIKA, Mugwagwa-Wha Wha (D) MADIRE, Robson- Khami (C) MADISODZA, Elijah- (Where held unknown) Known to have been standing trial in August 1976 on charges of recruiting others for guerilla training. MADLELA, Peter-Wha Wha (D) MADLONGA,'Phineas Chinyero-(Where held unknown) Known to have been facing charges under Section 24 of the L&O(M) Act, (undergoing or recruiting for, guerilla training), in November 1975. MADOMBWE, Abel Muringazuwa-Wha Wha (D) MADONDO, Joseph-Fort Victoria (D) MADOTSA, Stephen-(Where held unknown) (C) Sentenced to 3 years imprisonment for failing to report the presence of guerillas in the Inyanga district, at a Special Court in Umtali in June 1976. MADOVI, Elias (30)-(Sentenced to death) Sentenced to death in August 1976 by a Special Court in Salisbury for his involvement, with 7 others, in bomb attacks and acts of sabotage in the Greater Salisbury area. MADUBEKO, Rodgers- (Where held unknown) (C) Believed to be serving a 3 year prison sentence. Married with 3 children, family living in Gwelo. MADUHWA. Shon Paradza-Wha Wha (D) MADUMA, Beka- Khami (C) MADUMBA, Mtandwa Cephas-Wha Wha (D) Member of the National Assembly of the ANC, and the Victoria Provincial Executive, arrested in mid-1975. In July 1975 he was reported to have been awaiting trial on -charges of recruiting for guerilla training. MADZAMBA, Felix (43)-Khami (C) Sentenced in August 1974 to a 25 year prison term under the LAO(M) Act. Married with 12 children and responsible for elderly parents. After 'his arrest his property was either confiscated or destroyed by. the state and his dependents placed in protected villages in his home district of Chiweshe. MADZEDZE, Luke-Khami (C)

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