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Hermit Crabs (Decapoda: Crustacea) from Deep Mauritanian Waters (NW Africa) with the Description of a New Species

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Hermit Crabs (Decapoda: Crustacea) from Deep Mauritanian Waters (NW Africa) with the Description of a New Species Zootaxa 3926 (2): 151–190 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3926.2.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F0CAD726-4F6A-4802-BF57-38FEF89C572F Hermit crabs (Decapoda: Crustacea) from deep Mauritanian waters (NW Africa) with the description of a new species SUSANA S. DE MATOS-PITA1,2 & FRAN RAMIL1 1Facultad de Ciencias del Mar. Universidad de Vigo. Campus Lagoas-Marcosende. Vigo 36310. Pontevedra. España. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] 2Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo. Subida Radio Faro 50. Vigo 36390. Pontevedra. España Table of contents Abstract . 151 Introduction . 152 Material and methods . 152 Taxonomic results . 157 Order Decapoda Latreille, 1802 . 157 Genus Areopaguristes Rahayu & McLaughlin, 2010 . 157 Areopaguristes mauritanicus (Bouvier, 1906) n. comb. 157 Genus Dardanus Paul’son, 1875 . 159 Dardanus arrosor (Herbst, 1796) . 159 Genus Diogenes Dana, 1851 . 161 Diogenes pugilator (Roux, 1829) . 161 Genus Paguristes Dana, 1851 . 164 Paguristes candelae n. sp.. 164 Genus Pseudopaguristes McLaughlin, 2002. 170 Pseudopaguristes marocanus (A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1891) n. comb. 170 Genus Anapagurus Henderson, 1886 . 171 Anapagurus laevis (Bell, 1846) . 171 Genus Pagurus Fabricius, 1775 . 173 Pagurus alatus Fabricius, 1775 . 173 Pagurus cuanensis Bell, 1846 . 175 Pagurus prideaux Leach, 1815 . 177 Pagurus pubescentulus (A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1892) . 179 Genus Paragiopagurus Lemaitre, 1996 . 179 Paragiopagurus macrocerus (Forest, 1955) . 179 Genus Parapagurus Smith, 1879 . 182 Parapagurus nudus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1891) . 182 Parapagurus pilosimanus Smith, 1879. 182 Acknowledgements . 185 References . 185 Abstract Thirteen hermit crab species of the families Diogenidae, Paguridae and Parapaguridae were captured in deep waters off Mauritania during Maurit surveys. A new species of the genus Paguristes, Paguristes candelae n. sp., is described. Areopaguristes mauritanicus n. comb. is proposed for Paguristes mauritanicus Bouvier, 1906 and Pseudopaguristes marocanus n. comb. for Paguristes marocanus A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1892; the females of the latter species are reported for the first time. Our data extends the geographical distribution of Pseudopaguristes marocanus southwards and that of Paragiopagurus macroceros northwards. Both species, together with Diogenes pugilator (Roux, 1829), are recorded for the first time in Mauritanian waters. New data about bathymetric ranges are also reported for Pseudop- aguristes marocanus n. comb., Areopaguristes mauritanicus n. comb. and Paragiopagurus macroceros. Accepted by S. Ahyong: 19 Jan. 2015; published: 5 Mar. 2015 151 Key words: Diogenidae, Paguridae, Parapaguridae, Areopaguristes, Pseudopaguristes, Paguristes new species, Maurita- nia, deep-sea Introduction A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier (1891, 1892, 1900) and Bouvier (1906) were the first authors to describe hermit crabs in West African waters, but current knowledge in this area is mainly based on the works of Forest (1952a–f, 1953, 1954a, 1955, 1956, 1961, 1966, 1978). Additional data can be found in general studies on crustaceans or decapods, such as those by Stebbing (1908) and Barnard (1950) in South African waters, Maurin (1968) in Northwest Africa and, more recently, in papers by Macpherson (1983) from Namibia, García-Raso (1996) from the Ibero-Moroccan Gulf and Muñoz et al. (2012) from Guinea-Bissau. The review of the family Parapaguridae in the East Atlantic (Lemaitre 1990) and the monograph on hermit crabs in the Northeast Atlantic (Ingle 1993) provided detailed descriptions and clarified the taxonomic status and synonymies of the known species in this area. Consequently, this group is well known in the East Atlantic, although some areas remain poorly studied. Hermit crabs from Mauritanian waters known to date are cited in the checklist of Monod (1933) and in some of the above-mentioned literature. However, no published works have exclusively dealt with hermit crabs in Mauritanian waters. From 2007 to 2010, the Maurit surveys systematically sampled the entire Mauritanian coast, resulting in the most significant collection of hermit crabs ever captured in this area. This work presents the results of the study of this collection. Material and methods The Maurit surveys were carried out annually in November and December from 2007 to 2010 onboard the Spanish R/V Vizconde de Eza. A total of 291 stations were sampled at depths from 80 to 2000 m with a commercial trawl (Lofoten type) following a random stratified sampling methodology. Additionally, 25 stations distributed along five transects perpendicular to the coastline in five bathymetric strata (150, 300, 500, 1000 and 1500 m) were sampled with a 3.5 m-wide Agassiz trawl (see Map 1). Hermit crabs were captured at 83 stations: 71 were sampled with the Lofoten trawl and 12 with the Agassiz trawl. At each station the hermit crabs were carefully sorted from the total catch, photographed and subsequently preserved in 70% ethanol for further studies in the laboratory. The list of species collected by station and data from each station is given in Table 1. The classification adopted in this work follows Ahyong et al.’s (2011) scheme to the family level. Species assignments to family follow McLaughlin et al. (2010). Families, genera and species are listed in alphabetical order. For each species, we provide relevant literature with descriptions and figures, and recent references to distribution in the region. Comprehensive former literature references can be checked in Alcock (1905) and Gordan (1956). For the uncommon species, Pseudopaguristes marocanus n. comb. and Paragiopagurus macrocerus (Forest, 1955), we include all the available literature to date. The material examined includes station code (station data can be checked in Table 1), number of specimens (in brackets) and maximum and minimum shield lengths for males, females and ovigerous females, measured from the tip of the rostrum or midpoint of the rostral lobe to the midpoint of the posterior margin of the shield. Type specimens and additional material examined were also included for some species. In addition we provide some comments about habitat, including sediment type, inhabited shells and symbionts, both from literature and from our data. Finally, the bathymetric and geographical distributions were summarized and remarks were added when necessary. Pictures were taken with a motorized Nikon SMZ25 stereomicroscope, using NIS-Elements Microscope Imaging Software with an Extended Depth of Focus (EDF) patch. Specimens are deposited in the University of Vigo (Spain) (Marine Zoology Laboratory) and in the Instituto Español de Oceanografía (Oceanographic Centres of Cádiz and Málaga, Spain). The holotype and one paratype of the new species are deposited in the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Madrid, Spain); a second paratype is deposited in the Invertebrate Collection of the Marine Zoology Laboratory (University of Vigo, Spain). 152 · Zootaxa 3926 (2) © 2015 Magnolia Press S. DE MATOS-PITA & RAMIL Tristan da Cunha Island; western Atlantic, from off Nova Scotia (Canada) to Guyana (Lemaitre 1989, 1990). The species was also reported from Walvis Ridge (Cardoso & Lemaitre 2012). The recorded depth range is between 102 and 3864 m, but the species is mainly reported from 400 to 1400 m (Lemaitre 1989). Our specimens were mostly captured between 1100 and 1600 m. In the same area, recent remote operated vehicle (ROV) observations located P. pilosimanus and its symbiont zoanthid Epizoanthus paguriphilus at 1400–1500 m depth (Jones & Brewer 2012). Remarks. Our specimens concur with the descriptions and figures given by Lemaitre (1986, 1989) and can be distinguished from other allied species in the area by its unarmed mesial and lateral faces of meri, carpi and propodi of the ambulatory pereiopods; the symmetrical posterior lobes of the telson; and the presence of 2 or 3 irregular rows of conical scales on the propodal rasp of the fourth pereiopods. Acknowledgements We would like to thank everyone who joined the Maurit surveys for their assistance during the collection of the material. Special thanks are extended to Dr Ana Ramos and to the authorities of the Instituto Español de Oceanografía for the opportunity to participate in all the surveys. We are also very grateful to Dr Enrique García Raso (University of Málaga, Spain) for his comments, to Luis Miguel Agudo for providing the map and to Laure Corbari for facilitating access to the type material deposited at MNHN, Paris. This work was undertaken within the framework of the ECOAFRIK project and was partially funded by the MAVA Fondation pour la nature (MAVA contract 12/87 AO C4/2012). This is ECOAFRIK publication number 6. References Abelló, P., Carbonell, A. & Torres, P. (2002) Biogeography of epibenthic crustaceans on the shelf and upper slope off the Iberian Peninsula Mediterranean coasts: implications for the establishment of natural management areas. Scientia Marina, 66 (2), 183–198. Ahyong, S.T., Lowry, J.K., Alonso, M., Bamber, R.N., Boxshall, G.A., Castro, P., Gerken, S., Karaman, G.S., Goy, J.W., Jones, D.S., Meland, K., Rogers, D.C. & Svavarsson, J. (2011) Subphylum Crustacea Brünnich, 1772. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.), Animal Biodiversity: An Outline of Higher-Level Classification and Survey of Taxonomic Richness. Zootaxa, 3148, 165–191. Alcock, A. (1905) Catalogue of the Indian decapod Crustacea in the collection of the Indian Museum, part 2, Anomura, fasc. I. Pagurides. Trustees of The Indian Museum, Calcutta, i–xi, 1–197, 15 pls. Asakura, A. (2006) Shallow water hermit crabs of the families Pylochelidae, Diogenidae, Paguridae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) from the Sea of Japan, with a description of a new species of Diogenes. Bulletin of the Toyama Science Museum, 29, 23–103. Ates, A.S., Katagan, T. & Kocatas, A. (2004).
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