Sir George Bellew

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Sir George Bellew HERALDISK TIDSSKRIFT BIND 2 • NR 11 • 1965 Heraldik i vor Tid Af Sir George Bellew SOCIETAS HERALDICA SCANDINAVICA Heraldisk Selskab • Heraldinen Seura • Skjaldfræðafélagið Heraldisk Selskap • Heraldiska Sällskapet Heraldik i vor Tid Af Sir George Bellew IN FORG.£NGERFORGÆNGER som Garter MærkeligMa:rkelig nok er heraldik et emne M King ofaf Arms, nu afdØdeafd9>de Sir om hvilket der hersker h9>jsthØjst forskel­ Gerald Wollaston, holdt i 1933 et lærdherd lige opfattelser. Det er min erfaring, og autoritativt foredrag for dette sel­ at enhver der virkelig ved noget om skab om heraldik i almindelighed. I heraldik, ogsaogså med sig selv ved, at mit foredrag viIvil jeg la:ggelægge va:gtenvægten papå hans synspunkter er rigtige og de an­ vor tids heraldik, og vor tids menne­ dres forkerte. Derfor er ddetet De nu skers forhold tiItil heraldikken, dens an­ skal h9>re,hØre, ikke den nuva:rendenuværende Garter vendelse indenfor sla:gten,slægten, i det offent­ King ofaf Ann's stemme - heller ikke lige liv, i handels- og forretningslivet en officiel udtalelse fra the College ofaf o.s.v.,O.S.v., og, da heraldik jo prima:rtprimært er Arms. noget for 9>jet,øjet, viIvil jeg selvf9>lgeligselvfØlgelig ogsaogså SaSå vidt jeg kan se, er mange menne­ berØreber9>re den kunstneriske side af sagen. skers forhold til heraldikken det, at de NarNår jeg taler om vor tid, mamå jeg lige er en smule nysgerrigenysgerrige,, men kun lidt. indskyde, at den for mit vedkommende I det store og hele accepteres heral­ stoppede i juli 1961, da jeg trak mig dikkens tilstedtilstedeværelseeva:relse iblandtiblandt os ududenen tilbage fra embedet som GartGarterer King videre og uden videre forstaelse.forståelse. Det at Arms. er sikkert, paradoxalt nok, dette, at _ heraldikken forekommer overalt, der Sir George Bellew var, indtil han i 1961 gør,g9>r, at den saså ofte overses. trak sig tilbage, Garter King ot Arms, Der er imidlertid nogle mennesker, dvs. den fØrstefr;lrste blandt de v~benkonger, og jeg tror dederes res antal er stigende, hheroldererolcler og persevanter, som udgr;lrudgØr Eng­ som virkevirkeliglig er interessinteresserede.erede. De ser lands • Heroldskollegium.,Heroldskollegium«, College of noget vakkert og de viIvil la:relære mere om Arms. I november 1962 holdt han i det. Og saså er derder en meget lille grup­ Royal Society ot Arts i London et forefore­­ drag om .Modern Heraldry.,Heraldry«, som blev pe, hovedsagelig besdiendebestående af herolderherolder,, trykt i dette selskabs Joumal]oumal for januar heraldikere, antikvitetssamlere, genea­ 1963. BB~de~ de Sir George Bellew og Royal loger og somme tidtiderer almindelige en­ Society of Arts har givet deres minde til, tusiaster, som simpelthensimpe1then er bjergtagne. at Heraldisk Tidsskrift publicerer dette Uheldigvis er heraldik ofte blevet foredrag p~ dansk, hvilket vi herved sat i forbindelse med noget saså util­ bringer dem vor varmeste tak for. Ar­ talende som snobberi, og noget saså trist tiklen er oversat af O. H. M. Baron som gravma:ler.gravmæler. Personlig er jeg nu Haxthausen, som ogs~ har foretagetfOl"Ctaget en­ ikke saså sikker pa,på, at en smule snob­ kelte forkortelser. beri er af det onde, blot det ikke gargår Under lIæsningena:sningen børbr;lr man i øvrigtr;lvrigt komme i hu, at det er engelske forhold videre end til lidt sla:gtsstolthedslægtsstolthed og forfatteren udtaler sig om. Hans syns­ en persons stille 9>nskeØnske om hellere at se punkter kan derfor ikke uden videre agtelsen for sin familie stige end dale_ overfr;lresoverføres til Skandinavien. For ligesom Og med hensyn til gravma:lernegravmælerne er der at understrege dette er en ra:kkerække navne ikke andet at sige, end at her h9>rerhØrer p~ institutioner m. v. ikke oversatoversat.. heraldikken sig til, fordi det er en 33 Sir George Bellew inderst inde er stolt over det, man foretrtekkerforetrækker ikke at tale om det - som regel fordi man ikke har forstand papå heraldik. I en bestemt families salon er der en 19>velØve og en hest som skjoldholdere til familieviibenetfamilievåbenet i et stort og tungt relief over kaminen. Jeg havde det st9>rstestØrste besv<erbesvær med at overbevise ejeren om, at hans hest virkelig var en hest og ikke en enhj9>rning.enhjØrning. SkØntSk9>nt han - som hans forf<edreforfædre fØrf9>r ham - havde boet sammen med denne hest hele sit liv, havde han 9>jensynligØjensynlig aldrig set n<ermerenærmere papå den; eller troede han ma­må• ske at alle skjoldholdere skulle v<erevære 19>verlØver og enhj9>rninge?enhjØrninge? (se figur 10). /) Dette eksempel giver et billede af X;.:;:;;:::P : mange gamle sl<egtersslægters indstilling. Man har et vaben,våben, man er stolt af det, og 1. VåbenVaben for Lord Rootes, en af auto­ det ville v<erevære ut<enkeligtutænkeligt at skulle mobiIindusttiens fØrendefflrende skikkelser. Sig­ undv<ereundvære det; men hvad det forestiller nalhornet er et gammelt familiemærke,familiem<erke, og symboliserer, er for disse menne­ fØrtfflrt af flere grene af slægtensl<egten Rootes; sker noget uV<esentligt.uvæsentligt. hestene stårstar for hestekræfter;hestekr<efter; hjulene for Besynderligt nok førerf9>rer denne ind­ transport; kædernek<edeme for herredømmeherredflmme over stilling os helt tilbage til heraldikkens hestekræfterne.hestekr<efterne. Andre af figurerne i det­ oprindelse, da vabenernevåbenerne ofoftest test kun te og de Øvrigeflvrige gengivne familievåbenerfamilievabener indeholdt enkle figurer eller m9>nstre,mønstre, har en ren personlig betydning udenuclen al­ der saså vidt vi ved ingen s<erligsærlig »me­ men interesse. Denne illustration og fi­ gur 2, 3 og 5 er skitser udførtudfflrt i College ning« havde. of Arms og forelagt ansøgerneansflgeme til godken­ Dette synspunkt deles til en vis grad delse forudforucl for udfærdigelsenudf<erdigelsen af våben-vaben- ogsaogså af dem der i nyere tid har faetfået brevene. vaben.våben. Naturligvis kan disse ikke sige, at vabenetvåbenet altid har v<eretværet der, men anerkendt og v<erdigværdig made,måde, at ære<ere de de kan sige, at det er der, og at det henfarnes minde pa.på. en sk9>nneskØnne dag viIvil v<erevære gammelt; i Mange gamle adelsfamilier bor end­ mellemtiden er det familiens symbol nu papå deres gamle ejendomme med og en del af familiens milj9>.miljØ. At man deres viibenvåben over porten, hovedd9>renhoveddØren ikke bruger vabenetvåbenet saså tit betyder og kaminen, og der har det altid sid­ intet, blot det er der. det, siden en fjern forforfader fader satte det Anvendt heraldik er ikke s<erligsærlig op i 1600- elleller er 1700-tallet,l700-tallet, da det udbredt i dag. Nu og da ser man et var moderne. N<eppeNæppe mange ville i heraldisk flag vaje fra taget afa£ en sta­ dag dr9>mmedrØmme om at gØreg9>re det samme, telig bygning, og ved s<erligesærlige lejlig­ men ingen ville vove at fjerne det heder ses det heraldiske banner for en gamle vaben.våben. Man henleder ikke op­ County Sheriff, enten i retssalen eller m<erksomhedenmærksomheden papå vabenet,våbenet, sk9>ntskØnt man senere h<engendehængende i hans hhjem. jem. Somme 34 Heraldik i vor tid tider ser man et billede af familie­ vabenetvåbenet papå en va:gvæg og sja:ldneresjældnere et hhjelmtegn jelmtegn papå automobilet eller brev­ papiret. Den eneste mere udbredte anvendelse af sla:gtsheraldikslægtsheraldik nu om stunder er faktisk papå smasmå personlige ejendele som signetringe, manchet­ knapper, exlibris o. lign. J eg tror at denne tilbageholdenhed skyldes en fornemmelse mange har i dag hvor saså meget udja:vnes:udjævnes: Hvad end skik og brug var forhen, saså er det ikke la:ngerelængere god tone at skilte for abenlyståbenlyst med sit vabenvåben - for mllskemåske har naboen ikke noget. Det mamå jo si­ ges at va:revære et hpfligthØfligt og prisva:rdigtprisværdigt hensyn til andres fplelser.fØlelser. En anden grund kan va:re,være, at man under ingen omsta:ndighederomstændigheder viIvil risikere at blive 3. VabenVåben for feltmarskal Sir William Slim (fØr(fjilr han blev ridder af HosebåndsHosebl'lnds= Ol'denen og peer). I skjoldetsk joldet en ljilve:løve: for England, og for mod og styrke; mange svæl'dsv<el'd for mange slag. Hjelmtegnet er Burmas pl'lfugl.påfugl. Skjoldet holdes af to sol­ dater fra a£delinger,afdelinger, som har staetstået under Lord Slims kommando. OrdensdekOl'atio­ nen er storkorset af Bath-ordenen. Stor­ korsriddere har samme ret somsaID jJeersfleers til at førefjilre skjoldholdere. antaget for en snob, og derfor udviser en vis diskretion elleller er tilsyneladende ligegyldighed i alt vabenetvåbenet vedrprende.vedrØrende. Med andre ord, brugen af vabenvåben er i dag meget begra:nsetbegrænset - frivilligt. Men da et vabensvåbens formalformål snarere er at give ejeren en indre tilfredshed end at va:­væ• re et middel i kampen for at holde trit med, elleller er uddistancere, naboen, 2. VabenVåben for Sir Ronald Prain, en frem· er den begr;.ensedebegrænsede anvendelse ikke tr<edendetrædende person inden for kobberindu­ et agoåg. strien. I skjoldet ses to gyldne ridderspo­ Anderledes frit anvendes heraldik­ rer og mellem dem er del'der en .tenne« ken af de selskaber og foreninger, der skrabj<elke;skråbjælke; i engelsk blasonel'ingblasonering betyder dette ord .kobberfarvetc..kobberfarvet«. I hjelmtegnet har vabenbrevvåbenbrev fra the Kings of Arms, over den tl'aditionelle,traditionelle, abneåbne hjelm for fra 1400-talletl400-tallet og op til voreyore dage. I riddere ses en rjildskimletrødskimlet antilope, som modsa:tningmodsætning til enkeltpersoner har de holder tegnet for kobber - en hentyd­ kun fafå ha:mningerhæmninger i brugen af vabenet,våbenet, ning til Roan Antelope CoptlerCoplJer Mines. og liden medfplelsemedfØlelse for det selskab, 35 Sir Gem"ge Bellew som ingen vabenvåben har. De viser aben­åben• Smurte jeg for tykt pa?på? J eg tror det lyst, at de er stolte over at va:revære 11Vhvad ikke. Det kom fra hjertet, og jeg mente de er, og at enhver nok saså lille smule hvert ord. prestige, der knytter sig til vabenetvåbenet College of Arms's holdning ved til­ ikke er andet end hvad der retsligt deling af vlibener,våbener, eller rettere the tilkommer demodem.
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