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How to Pass a Knife Safely If You Need to Pass a Knife to Someone, Pass It in a Way That Does Not Put You Or Them at Risk

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How to Pass a Knife Safely If You Need to Pass a Knife to Someone, Pass It in a Way That Does Not Put You Or Them at Risk Survivor The Woodcraft Folk Forword Survivor is a Pioneer’s introduction to woodcraft (more commonly known as bushcraft). This is the skill of living in the outdoors with a minimum of equipment and supplies. Survivor teaches Pioneers how to safely use a knife and saw to cut and shape wood. It also involves two challenges. The first builds on the fire lighting skills taught in the I Survive Elfin badge, with Pioneers being required to boil water from scratch. The second is a group challenge – to survive on your own for 24 hours, building shelters, managing water supplies, cooking their own food, and managing not to kill each other! Learning Objectives • To learn how to use knives, axes and saws. • To develop a love of living in the outdoors. • To learn how to work together and cooperate. Tests 1) To demonstrate knowledge of how to safely use knives, axes and saws. 2) To survive outdoors for 24 hours, cooperating with other Pioneers to cook their own food and ration their water supplies. Activities • Safe using a knife, axe or saw: The idea of this test is for Pioneers to learn how to safely use knives, axes and saws. There is guidance on their use at the end of this resource pack. To begin with go through the basic safety rules before letting Pioneers use the tools. Make sure the Pioneers have understood by getting them to show you. Reinforce several times that they need to stay calm and focussed at all times when using dangerous tools. Then run an activity using these tools. One easy idea is to make 'fuzzy sticks'. These are fairly short branches, a couple of inches thick, that Pioneers can shave thin slices down to create a fuzzy end. This end will light very easily and is useful for lighting a campfire. Pioneers can use a saw to cut the branch to the right length and then a knife to create the fuzzy end. Other activities could include: carving a piece of wood to make an animal, their own name, or a useful tool such as a wooden knife and fork; using and axe and saw to cut branches for make a shelter or den; or of course helping to prepare wood for a campfire ­ saws to cut branches and logs, axes to cut grooves to keep a pagoda arrangement stable. Activities • Pioneer Survival: The idea of this test is to develop Pioneers survival skills while also learning to work as part of a group. The Pioneers need to be ‘roped off’ in a corner of the campsite for 24 hours and are not allowed to leave except in an emergency. They must take everything they need with them: food, water, stoves, matches, sleeping bag, and groundsheets and ropes. They must keep all of their equipment safe and dry, and must ration their food and water to last for the period. Food – make sure the Pioneers have enough food to last them for the period. It’s easiest to set the period as late morning one day to late morning the next, so the Pioneers will need a lunch, a dinner and a breakfast. Lunch – packed lunch type food is easiest, but try to give them it all together so they have to share it out between them. Dinner – something easy to cook on a trangia or other portable stove, e.g. pasta and sauce. Breakfast – milk might struggle to stay fresh if the weather is hot so things like bread and jam are best. Water – this should be given to the group as a whole rather than to individuals. Each Pioneer will need approximately 2 litres each, plus a little more for cooking dinner. This is more than the normal recommended amount, but as they are outdoors , particularly if the weather is hot and/or sunny, you should allow a bit more. Remember, the idea is that they must ration themselves to make it last. Activities Groundsheets and ropes – the Pioneers will need sufficient materials to make shelters. These shelters are needed to provide shade as well as protection from any rain. They can also be given some pegs to help, especially if there are no trees to tie off on to. Stoves – the safest stoves for Pioneers to use are trangias as they are fuelled by methylated spirits rather than gas. Although Pioneers should be given the stoves and matches, leaders should keep the methylated spirits until the Pioneers are going to cook. It’s important to emphasise that they must keep their matches safe and dry, if they lose them you will need to give them a suitably hard challenge/punishment to earn more. Personal kit – Pioneers will need a sleeping bag, roll mat, torch and plate kit. They will also need suitable clothes for both day and night. It’s up to the leaders in charge to decide on what other personal kit is allowed, e.g. books, mp3 players, phones etc, but it is recommended not to be too generous – it is survival after all! Toilets – you may wish to provide them with a chemical toilet (and loo roll) to take with them, depending on the site. Activities Choose the site for your survival bearing in mind the distance – not too close, there needs to be a sense of separation, but not so far that you wouldn’t be able to hear any shouts for help in an emergency. The far corner of the field you’re camping in is usually about right. Gather the Pioneers and explain what they are going to do. Send them off to pack their personal kit and then provide them with the communal supplies. You can make them carry everything around the field a few times to put them off bringing too much stuff. Then take them to their site and explain that they cannot leave for the next 24 hours, except in an emergency. If you are not providing them with a toilet to use then explain that if they need to use the loo they can only do so in pairs at most, and must go straight there and back again. Talk about how they are a group and must survive as a group. Explain that they must look after each other and try not upset or annoy one another. They need to work together to make their shelters and cook their food. Make sure that all of them know that if they are really upset they can come back to camp. Then leave them to survive! Keep an eye on them during the day, but resist the urge to keep going over to them. You’ll need to arrange with them what time you will provide the methylated spirits for cooking. When you do provide it, supervise them during cooking and take the spare methylated spirits away at the end. Use the opportunity to make sure they’re all ok and then wish them a good night! Activities Later in the evening it’s worth wandering nearby just to make sure they still seem ok. In the morning the Pioneers should dismantle their shelters and bring everything back to camp. Make sure they’ve brought all of the kit back, and make sure they wash up the stoves and their plate kits. Debrief them – did they enjoy it? What went well/badly? Did everyone get on and work together? What would you do differently next time? Resources Using Knives Safely Taking a knife out of its sheath Keep your fingers away from the cutting edge of a knife when unsheathing it. Right Wrong When you are not using your knife, put it back in the sheath The safest place for your knife is in its sheath. Don’t be tempted to stick it in a log or a tree stump for a few minutes or otherwise leave it lying around. Give yourself and others room Don’t try to use your knife in awkward or confined spaces. Give yourself enough room to use it properly. When using your knife, leave enough room around you so that you don’t endanger other people. If someone is within an arm’s reach, they are too close. Be aware If you are using a knife, be aware of the movement of other people around you. They may not have noticed you are using a knife. Be aware of others using knives. If someone is using a knife nearby, stay at a safe distance. Resources Concentrate on what you are doing Many cuts are due to a lack of concentration, either due to distractions or tiredness. If you aren’t able to concentrate, put your knife away until you can. Hold your knife securely The grip used most of the time is the forehand grip. It allows for powerful, safe cuts. Cut away from yourself Cut away from your body and cut away from your limbs. Pay particular attention to the position of the hand that is not holding the knife. Right Wrong Cutting away from the body Do not cut towards the and away from the supporting hand, even if it supporting hand. is on the other side of the work piece. Resources Don’t be overambitious Even with a sharp knife, shave off modest amounts of material with each cut of the knife. Trying to remove too much material with each cut will require excessive force, causing tired hand muscles and reduced control of the knife. Right Wrong If you need more power, For extra support work work on the outside of your onto a stable wooden body and generate power block, working towards the by dropping your shoulder.
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