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An Ideological Criticism of the Hunger Games TO KILL A MOCKINGJAY: AN IDEOLOGICAL CRITICISM OF THE HUNGER GAMES by T. Rene`e Stovall A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS Major Subject: Communication West Texas A&M University Canyon, Texas December 2015 ABSTRACT In 2008, Suzanne Collins released The Hunger Games, the first novel of a trilogy that would become popular to international reading and cinematic audiences. The novel presented a reluctant heroine, Katniss Everdeen, who is trapped in the oppressive nation of Panem. The purpose of this paper is to examine The Hunger Games trilogy through ideological analysis to identify themes of oppression, then compare to current U.S. social systems. The study uses close textual analysis of the trilogy to identify three themes of oppression: economic, political, and social. The three themes are then applied to institutional and individual forces of oppression. The characters and settings of the trilogy are then compared to current U.S. social systems including class inequality and education. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This project could not have been completed without the help and support of several people. First, I thank the Lord for pushing me towards graduate school. It is an experience that challenged me farther than I ever expected. Second, I thank my amazing husband, Shawn Stovall, for his own self-sacrifice for this study as well as the unconditional love and support he continues to provide with every project I take on. Next, I thank my mother, Catherine Doane who instilled the love of reading that would eventually lead me to The Hunger Games trilogy. I also wish to thank my father Rick Doane, who has always supported my adventures with an open mind. Finally, thank you to my mother-in-law, Renee, who has provided life lessons that are unavailable in any text book. I extend my sincerest gratitude and appreciation to the West Texas A & M University Communications Department including members of this committee. Dr. Kris Drumheller, thank you for the mentorship and support on this project (as well as guidance and friendship during my undergraduate work). Dr. Sarah Vartabedian, thank you for bringing a never-ending positivity to this project and to your classroom. Dr. Trudy Hanson, thank you for generously using your knowledge and passion to support a strong program, and always having an open door available to any student for any reason. This project was ultimately inspired by my children, Logan and Landon Stovall. To my boys, I thank you from the bottom of my heart. The ultimate lesson I have learned iii from you is that of unconditional love. You have always represented hope, which is the only thing stronger than fear. You will never have to wonder “real” or “not real” with me. iv Approved: _____________________________ __________ Co-Chairperson, Thesis Committee Date _____________________________ __________ Co-Chairperson, Thesis Committee Date _____________________________ __________ Member, Thesis Committee Date _____________________________ __________ Department Head Date _____________________________ __________ Dean, Graduate School Date v TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1 Description of the Artifact .............................................................................................. 2 Rationale ......................................................................................................................... 4 Ideology in The Hunger Games ...................................................................................... 7 LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................. 12 Dystopian Literature ..................................................................................................... 12 The Hunger Games ....................................................................................................... 17 The Author .................................................................................................................... 18 Trilogy Themes ............................................................................................................. 22 Power. ....................................................................................................................... 22 Culture of the Games. ............................................................................................... 29 Traditions. ............................................................................................................. 30 Folklore. ................................................................................................................ 31 Music in The Hunger Games. ............................................................................... 32 Identity in the Games. ............................................................................................... 33 Vanity. ................................................................................................................... 33 Image..................................................................................................................... 34 vi Gender. .................................................................................................................. 36 METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................... 39 Ideological Criticism ..................................................................................................... 39 Economic .................................................................................................................. 40 Political ..................................................................................................................... 44 Social......................................................................................................................... 46 Ideological Trilogy........................................................................................................ 48 ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................................... 53 Institutional Forces of Oppression ................................................................................ 53 Economic .................................................................................................................. 54 Division of labor. .................................................................................................. 57 Modes of production. ............................................................................................ 62 Distribution of resources. ...................................................................................... 65 Political ..................................................................................................................... 70 Propaganda. ........................................................................................................... 71 Peacekeepers. ........................................................................................................ 73 Barriers. ................................................................................................................. 76 Social......................................................................................................................... 76 Poverty and hunger. .............................................................................................. 77 Tradition. ............................................................................................................... 78 vii Education and knowledge. .................................................................................... 81 Individual Forces .......................................................................................................... 90 Economic .................................................................................................................. 90 Cultural imperialism. ............................................................................................ 90 Marginalization. .................................................................................................... 92 Political ..................................................................................................................... 93 Rebels. ................................................................................................................... 94 Social......................................................................................................................... 99 Depression............................................................................................................. 99 Addiction............................................................................................................. 101 Exploitation. ........................................................................................................ 104 DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION .................................................................................. 107 Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 117 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................... 120 APPENDIX ....................................................................................................................
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