Daviess County Comprehensive Plan

Final

Prepared for: Daviess County Commissioners 200 East Walnut Street, Courthouse, Washington, Indiana 47501 Phone: (812) 897-6190

Prepared by: Bernardin, Lochmueller and Associates, Inc. Engineering, Planning, Surveying, Environmental Studies, Water/Wastewater 6200 Vogel Road, Evansville, Indiana 47715 Phone: (812) 479-6200

Daviess County Advisory Plan Commission public hearing and adoption: November 23, 2009 Daviess County Board of Commissioners adoption: December 14, 2009 Executive Summary Daviess County

WHAT IS IT?

The comprehensive plan for Daviess County directs the future physical development of the community. It addresses the use of land to accommodate future activities, the improvement of the infrastructure (roads and

utilities) to sustain development, the provision of community and recreation facilities to meet the needs of Comprehensive Plan its residents, and the preservation of natural and historic amenities to protect the heritage of the community. Ultimately, the comprehensive plan refl ects the values of the community in balancing the competition for land to sustain the economic vitality and the quality of life of the community. It is the collective vision for the physical future of Daviess County.

WHAT DOES IT INCLUDE?

Exceeding the minimum State statutory requirements for a comprehensive plan (IC 36-7-4-500 series), the comprehensive plan includes:

1) A community profi le containing – • an inventory of historic structures, depiction of the age of housing conditions, a description of environmental features (steep slopes, prime farmland, forest land, ground water resources, streams, fl oodplains, wetlands, wildlife habitats and threatened and endangered species, managed lands, and mineral resources), and generation of existing and projected demographic and economic characteristics; • an assessment of existing and projected land use, • an examination of existing and planned transportation, utility and community facility improvements; and • an identifi cation of growth and development issues through the Land Use Plan Steering Committee, a communitywide survey and interviews of community leaders. 2) A future vision for the community setting forth development policies, goals, objective and guidelines. 3) Recommendations covering land use development, transportation, utilities, community facilities and services, open space and recreation, environmental protection, economic development, housing preservation, and comprehensive plan implementation.

WHAT BROUGHT IT ABOUT?

The impending construction of I-69 will result in dramatic changes in land use and transportation through the center of Daviess County. The Indiana Department of Transportation provided an I-69 Community Planning Program Grant to Daviess County to assist the community in responding to the economic development and growth opportunities of I-69 and in protecting natural resources. These grants were made available to all counties and major communities in the I-69 corridor from Evansville to Indianapolis. Daviess County joined with Washington in a collaborative effort to qualify for the maximum grant amount.

WHAT GEOGRAPHIC AREA DOES IT COVER?

The comprehensive plan covers the unincorporated area of Daviess County and refl ects the recommendations of the City of Washington Comprehensive Plan for the unincorporated area within the two-mile fringe of the city and the recommendations of the Town of Montgomery Comprehensive Plan for the abutting unincorporated area. The City of Washington presently exercises long-standing planning authority within two miles of its incorporated area boundaries, including the I-69 corridor from CR 300S to CR 250N. The City of Washington will have to gain permission of the Daviess County Board of Commissioners for expansion of the existing two- mile planning boundary beyond the I-69 corridor. Likewise, any other incorporated area must seek permission of the Daviess County Board of Commissioners to exercise extra-territorial planning authority if it does not provide services to such unincorporated areas.

Executive Summary | ES-1 ES-2 Daviess County Comprehensive Plan The ComprehensivePlanCommunityPro WHAT DIDTHEPLANFIND? | • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Executive Summary 2030 (with33,288). This growthre Modest forecastedpopulationgrowthbetweentheyear2007(with30,035persons)and Recent surfacemineactivitiesfocusedsouthofCannelburgtoCR700Sfrom800E1000E. along SR578southofVeale Creek. Gas andoilwellconcentrationssouthofElnora,northPlainville,southwesteastOdon, SR 57fromWashington toPlainville. A sandduneareauniquetosouthwestIndiana–thePlainvilleSandDuneRegiononwestsideof endangered speciessightings”outsidetheWhiteRiver Preserve andtheGlendaleStateFishWildlife Area protectareasofnumerous“threatenedand “high qualitynaturalcommunity”outsidetheWhiteRiver Forks oftheWhiteRiver. The Thousand Acres NaturePreserveencompassestheonerecognized Most “threatenedandendangeredspecies”sightingswildlifehabitatsalongtheEastWest Prairie Creek(mostprotectedbythe Thousand Acre Woods NaturePreserve),andFirstCreek. Signi terrain isfoundbetweenVeale Creekand Aikman CreekeastofSR57. northeast corneroftheCountyandheadwatersHawkinsCreekWashington. Rolling Few steepslopesgenerallyconcentratedalongescarpmentsofstreamssuchasFirstCreekinthe County andnorthofFirstCreekinthenortheastcornerCounty. Woods NaturePreserve,andscatteredwoodlands southofVeale Creekinthesouthernportionof Limited forestlandconcentrationsintheGlendaleStateFishandWildlife Area andthe Thousand Acre and inanareafromCannelburgtoLoogootee. Creek totheGreeneCountyLinewith land ifdrained.PrimefarmlandsareconcentratedintheWest ForkoftheWhiteRiverValley fromVeale 75 percentofthelandareainagriculturalproduction. About 48percentofthecountyisprimeagricultural Register andanother83“notable”structureseligiblefortheIndianaRegister. and PrairieCreek Archaeological sites. There are32“outstanding”structureseligiblefortheNational Historic DistrictarelistedontheNationalRegisterofPlaces,includingGlendaleRidge along thewestsideofDaviessCounty. Sevenhistoricproperties and theWashington Commercial Repair ShopsHistoricDistrict,andOdonDistrict)remnantsoftheWabash andErieCanal Historic District,Washington ResidentialHistoricDistrict,OhioandMississippiRailroadWashington A richhistoricheritageincluding700properties,fourdistricts(Washington Commercial A projected increaseof3,164jobsin DaviessCountybetween 2000and2030,about 1,357 jobsin A higherpercentofsingle-familyhomes(at79percent) thanstatewideIndiana(at74percent). units forParkemployeeschoosing toliveinDaviessCounty. continue. Buildoutofthe WestGate @CraneTechnology Parkmayresultinanaddition 592housing percent ofthesenewhousing unitswillbeintheunincorporatedareaifhistorical geographictrends to accommodateincreased population,declininghouseholdsizeanddemolished housing. About 50 A projectedconstruction of948newhousingunitswithinDaviessCountybetween2008and2030 statewide Indiana. An aginghousingstockwithhalfofitsunitsover 45yearsold,butonlythreeolderthan A medianhouseholdincome thatis82percentofstatewideIndiana. An overalleducationalattainmentlevellowerthanstatewide Indianaduetofewercollegegraduates. A medianageof35years inyear2000comparabletostatewideIndiana. additional 1,481personsmayresultfromParkemployees choosingtoliveinDaviessCounty. If forecastedemploymentof3,000jobsattheWestGate @CraneTechnology Parkisachieved,an fi cant fl oodplains andassociatedwetlandsalongtheEastWest ForksoftheWhiteRiver, fi le revealedthatDaviessCountyhas: fl ects theeconomicdevelopmentstimulus ofassociatedwithI-69. fi gures alongthevalleysofPrairieCreekandSmothersCreek, fl oodplain. fl oodplain. The PrairieCreekBarrensNature

Daviess County Comprehensive Plan ES-3 ed fi | ed by the Land Use Plan fi Executive Summary c road corridors to provide direct access for industrial fi cient land inside incorporated areas to accommodate growth. inside incorporated areas to accommodate cient land fi cation of speci fi ve existing wastewater treatment providers in the county). fi re protection) and wastewater utilities. fi ed interchanges. fi ed new schools, but improvements to existing schools are likely to be needed over the next ed new schools, but improvements to existing fi as an unfunded project in the Indiana Long Range Transportation Plan (as of 2007). Transportation in the Indiana Long Range as an unfunded project to SR 58 with 900E) under design from US 50 of the Cannelburg-Odon Road (CR The reconstruction for horse-drawn vehicles. proposed shoulders The incorporated and Odon. Elnora, Montgomery water utilities in Washington, Municipally-owned to water from other sources. Improvements Cannelburg and Plainville purchase Affordsville, areas of will have to extend water treatment plant were recently completed. Incorporated areas the Washington to serve the in contiguous unincorporated areas – Washington waterlines to serve future development to serve the I-69/SR 58 interchange area. I-69/US 50 interchange area and Elnora Odon Montgomery, Elnora, treatment facilities – Washington, Several municipalities providing sewage have only on-site septic systems. Improvements to the and Cannelburg Affordsville and Plainville. areas will have to wastewater treatment plant were recently completed. Incorporated Washington must in contiguous unincorporated areas. Washington extend sewers to serve future development 50 interchange area while Elnora already serves the I-69/SR 58 provide sewer service to the I-69/US interchange area. @ the WestGate Support Center for the Crane Naval Weapons Limited sewage treatment service from Center. CraneTechnology County and for additional recreation possible need for regional recreation areas in northern Daviess A southern and eastern Daviess County. facilities at existing regional parks in No identi with 2,461 students, Community School Corporation Washington decades in the three districts -- the with 1,131 students, and the Barr-Reeve Community School the North Daviess School Corporation District with 744 students in 2007. Washington and 1,807 jobs in the balance of the County. The WestGate @ CraneTechnology Park has @ CraneTechnology The WestGate of the County. jobs in the balance and 1,807 Washington in employees living the Park, and Park County portion of in the Daviess to add 2,100 jobs the potential and personal services. jobs providing retail another 254 could stimulate Daviess County incorporated area to accommodate growth outside existing demand for 1,939 acres of land projected A of insuf to the year 2030 because Only two programmed major roadway improvements by the State – reconstruction of US 50 through by the State – reconstruction of US major roadway improvements Only two programmed interchange at US 50 and SR 58 and a deferred of I-69 with interchanges Montgomery and construction Loogootee is identi to of US 50 to four lanes from Washington The widening to SR 57 at CR 300S. Need to encourage improvements to the county roadway system including the maintenance of the Need to encourage improvements to the county roadway system including such as reducing the number existing highway system as well as making the necessary improvements of gravel roads. Need to encourage the identi sites to identi areas of the county. Need to encourage the designation of potential industrial sites in logical to serve anticipated growth Need to encourage expanded sewage treatment service areas and capacity and development (for all sites with an emphasis Need to encourage industrial infrastructure development to create shovel-ready on water (especially for multi-family units to serve the Need to encourage residential development, both single-family units and anticipated population growth. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Steering Committee were: The comprehensive plan was developed through four meetings of a steering committee of local residents, two The comprehensive plan was developed through four meetings of a steering land use/infrastructure alternatives, a public open houses on the future vision of the community and future The top issues indenti communitywide survey and interviews of community leaders. HOW WAS IT DEVELOPED? IT DEVELOPED? HOW WAS ES-4 Daviess County Comprehensive Plan The statedprioritiesofthecomprehensiveplanare: WHAT ARE THEPLANRECOMMENDATIONS? The questionsreceiving83percentormoreagreementforthecommunitysurveysreturnedwere: | • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Executive Summary Corporation. opportunities andmarketing ofDaviesCountythroughtheDaviessEconomic Development Continuing toworkoneconomic growthinthecountysuchasenhancementeconomic development and US231: Projects thatassistdevelopmentopportunitiesaround thefutureI-69interchanges,especiallyUS50 Daviess Countyneedstobuildonexistingattractions. motorized, non-motorizedandpedestriantraf Need toencouragethedevelopmentofacounty-widemixed-usetraf high speedinternetservices. Need toencourageexpandedelectronicservice,includingbutnotlimited on water(especiallyfor Need toencourageindustrialinfrastructuredevelopmentcreateshovel-readysiteswithanemphasis Incentives areneededtoattractnewindustriesDaviessCounty. opportunities tostatehighwaysforcommercialandindustrialdevelopment. Need toencouragelocalleadersimprovecommunicationswithINDOT inordertoexpandaccess sites toidenti Need toencouragetheidenti Need toencouragethedesignationofpotentialindustrialsitesinlogicalareascounty. order tomaintainsafeandcontinuoustraf Need toencouragemotorizedandnon-motorizedvehiculareast/westaccessacrossInterstate69in of gravelroads. existing highwaysystemaswellmakingthenecessaryimprovementssuchreducingnumber Need toencourageimprovementsthecountyroadwaysystemincludingmaintenanceof Need toencouragetheenhancementandincreasedutilizationofexistingrailwaylines. jurisdictional managementresponsibilitiesandnecessarytechniques. Need toencouragetheidenti motorized, non-motorizedandpedestriantraf Need toencouragethedevelopmentofacounty-widemixed-usetraf order tomaintainsafeandcontinuoustraf Need toencouragemotorizedandnon-motorizedvehiculareast/westaccessacrossInterstate69in • • • • infrastructure totheDaviessCountyportionofpark. Guiding developmentoftheWestGate @CraneTechnology Parkincludingtheprovisionof from CR200Nto350N. Assisting theDaviessCounty Airport Authority todevelopmentland onthewestsideofI-69 CR 200N. Extending waterandsewerlinesfromWashington toservetheI-69corridorfromCR150S to Providing water, sewerand otherutilitiestocreateshovelreadysites. fi ed I-69interchanges. fi re protection)andwastewaterutilities. fi cation ofadditionalstormwaterdrainagefacilities(ditches,streams,etc.), fi cation ofspeci fi fi c c fl fl fi fi ow throughoutthecounty. ow throughoutthecounty. c. c. fi c roadcorridorstoprovidedirectaccessforindustrial fi fi c planthataccommodates c planthataccommodates fi ber options, T1 lines,and Daviess County Comprehensive Plan ES-5 | Executive Summary oodplains of the East and West Forks of the White oodplains of the East and West fl Residential development on the north (toward CR 150N), southwest (toward the US 50 Bypass) southwest (toward the US 50 Bypass) on the north (toward CR 150N), Residential development sides of Washington. the US 50 Bypass and I-69 Corridor) and southeast (toward on the east side of Odon. Residential development 58 and on the east side of the I-69/SR on the south side of Elnora Residential development School Complex. and south of the North Daviess County interchange north 50. between existing and old US on the south side of Montgomery Residential development Affordsville. side of Residential development on the south @ area of I-69/US 50 and in the WestGate Commercial development in the interchange 231 interchange. Park near the I-69/US CraneTechnology corridor from the National Highway to CR 200N and Industrial development along the I-69 @ side of Odon, and along US 231 in the WestGate the airport, along SR 58 on the west Park. CraneTechnology the Potential conservancy areas along River, Prairie Creek and the Thousand Acre Nature Preserve, the First Creek and two strip Acre Nature Preserve, the Thousand Prairie Creek and the River, County. mine areas in north central Daviess to CR 250N for improved access from the I-69/US 50 Extension of CR 200E from CR 200N I-69 for industrial development to the Daviess County interchange along the west side of Airport. to facilitate industrial Extension of CR 300E from CR 150S to US 50 and CR 100N to CR 200N on development development on the east side of I-69, with construction timing dependent timing and lotting pattern. • • • • • • • • • • Locations for future land use opportunities inside and an adjacent to the incorporated areas of incorporated areas adjacent to the inside and an use opportunities for future land Locations near the along the I-69 corridor Affordsville, and Plainville Odon, Elnora, Montgomery, Washington, to address and near the I-69/US 231 interchange at the I-69/SR 58 interchange I-69/US 50 interchange, future land use demands. Typical cross sections for thoroughfare right-of-way preservation and design, including design criteria cross sections for thoroughfare right-of-way preservation Typical vehicles, bicycles and pedestrians. for the accommodation of horse-drawn Daviess County by 2016. Completion of Interstate 69 through to Loogootee. from Washington The widening of US 50 to four lanes Cannelburg-Odon Road from US 50 to SR 58 over the next 15 Completion of the reconstruction of vehicles. years, with a shoulder for horse-drawn including -- on the east side of Washington Improved access to the I-69 corridor CR 250N to provide access to The extension of the Daviess-Martin County Line Road from CR 75N to US 231 north of Loogootee that the Loogootee School Complex and a continuous route from US 50 to may be a future route for US 231 west of Loogootee. Thousand Area, and Erie Canal, trails connecting the Glendale Fish and Wildlife along the Wabash Trails Boggs Lake, and trails connecting incorporated areas. Acre Nature Preserve and West future development. Improvement services by water and sewer providers to accommodate maintenance of the county Establishment of a pavement management system for cost-effective roads. capacity to accommodate Monitoring water and wastewater treatment plants to ensure adequate anticipated growth. options to centralized sewage treatment for communities with large Exploration of cost-effective concentrations of on-site septic systems. • • • • • • • • • • • • The comprehensive plan makes the following recommendations: the following plan makes The comprehensive ES-6 Daviess County Comprehensive Plan | • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Executive Summary on theeconomicdevelopment opportunitiesfosteredbyInterstate69. a goodworkingrelationship withtheSouthernIndianaDevelopmentCommission. This willcapitalize commercial andindustrialdevelopment withinanhourcommutebene at alllevelsofgovernment, promotesaregionalapproachtoeconomicdevelopment, recognizesnew assistance andincentives for allbusinesses,buildsrelationswithothereconomic developmententities and technicalassistanceforsmallbusinessstartups, develops retention andattractionprogram,developsmarkets existingandpotentialsites,develops business developmentassets,de Preparing aneconomicdevelopmentstrategyandaction programforDaviessCountythatidenti Improving economicdevelopmentopportunitiesby: Region onthewestsideofSR57fromWashington toPlainville. A futurelandusepatternthatdoesnotencourageurbandevelopmentofthePlainvilleSandDunes within itstwo-milefringe.) (The CityofWashington presently hasspecialprovisionsinitslandusecontrolstoprotectwetlands Following IDEMrulestoprotect presently withinpubliclymanagedlands. West BoggsLake)throughvoluntaryland acquisitiontoprotectwetlandsandwildlifehabitatsnot The expansionofexistingmanagedlands(suchasthe Thousand Acre Woods, NaturePreserveand within publiclymanagedlands. and theHurricaneBranchofVeale Creektoprotectthewetlandsandwildlifehabitatsnotpresently entities) alongthe The creationofconservancyareas(throughprivatededicationorvoluntaryacquisitionbynon-pro sewers canbereadilyextendedtominimizetheadverseimpactonprimefarmlands. A futurelandusepatternthatfocusesdevelopmentadjacenttoincorporatedareaswherecentralized Checking archaeologicalsiterecordsformajorconstructionprojects. Developing theWabash andErieCanal asanhistoricandrecreationasset. and improvingdowntownstreetscape. Encouraging incorporatedareastopursuedowntownrevitalizationefforts preservinghistoricstructures preservation. Exploring grantstodevelopanhistoricpreservationprogramandtheadministrativecapacityforhistory education ofitscitizensaboutgrantsandtaxincentivesforhistoricpreservation. Encouraging theappropriatemaintenance,rehabilitationandreuseofhistoricstructuresthrough facilities atexistingregionalparksinsouthernandeasternDaviessCounty. The possibleadditionofregionalparkacreageinnorthernDaviessCounty, andtheadditionofrecreation Naval Weapons SupportCentersewagetreatmentplant. WestGate @CraneTechnology ParksothatdevelopmentisnotlimitedbythecapacityofCrane Provision ofsanitarysewers,waterlineimprovementsandotherutilitiestoindustrialsitesatthe sanitary sewers. Extension ofwaterlinesfromElnoratotheI-69/SR58interchangearea,alreadyservedby plus theDaviessCounty Airport. Extension ofsewersandwaterlinesfromWashington totheI-69corridorfromCR150S200N • • • • Creating shovelreadybusinesssites. Identifying andpreservingindustrialsitesforbusiness expansion,relocationandattraction. proposed I-69interchangesatUS50,231andSR 58. Encouraging appropriatefuturecommercialandindustrial developmenttolocatenearthe distances forthe Amish workforce. Enabling thelocationofbusinessesinandabout Amish community tominimizecommuting fl oodplains ofthe EastandWest ForksoftheWhiteRiver, PrairieCreek,FirstCreek fl oodplains, wetlandsandsteepslopesfrominappropriatedevelopment. fi nes emergingbusinesssectors,establishesanon-going business fi nancial resourcesforgovernmental fi ts DaviessCounty, andmaintains fi nancial fi es fi t

Daviess County Comprehensive Plan ES-7 | nancial fi ts of the economic ts of the economic fi Executive Summary lling state requirements. fi oodplains/wetland/wildlife oodplains/wetland/wildlife areas. fl Considering the development of a dilapidated housing program and pursing grants and loans to assist and loans to assist and pursing grants housing program of a dilapidated the development Considering maintenance. rehabilitation and in housing other compete with to be better allow Daviess County plan will of the comprehensive Adoption residential development, commercial and and Federal programs for economic communities for State bicycle recreation land and facility improvements, historic structure preservation, structure rehabilitation, and protection facility improvements, sanitary sewer/potable water/stormwater and pedestrian facilities, of Creation of the Daviess County Advisory Plan Commission by the Daviess County Board of Plan Commission by the Daviess Advisory Daviess County Creation of the on the plan and recommend adoption by the Board of Commissioners to hold a public hearing Commissioners. Plan by the Plan Commission and the Board of Adoption of the Daviess County Comprehensive public hearing ful Commissioners by resolution after a relative to land use development and infrastructure improvements Guides public and private decisions development opportunities associated with I-69 and the WestGate to take advantage of the economic development impact studies have shown that communities Park. Economic @ CraneTechnology other levels of government repeat the bene that plan ahead and cooperate with opportunities. with other communities for State and Federal program grants Enables the County to better compete obtain are immediate and on-going needs for which the county may There and loans. assistance. statute for land use planning by meeting the State prerequisite Establishes the foundation under State county to investigate land use controls anytime in the future at a for such planning, and enables the if the community own choosing. Daviess County must start over again in the future time of the county’s and others may be planning the State planning prerequisite today, passes up the opportunity to meet the future vision for your community in the interim. • • 1. 2. 1. 2. 3. WHY ACT WHY NOW? Adoption of the Daviess County Comprehensive Plan: The following actions are recommended: The following actions WHAT COMMITMENTS ARE NEEDED? COMMITMENTS WHAT ES-8 Daviess County Comprehensive Plan | Executive Summary Table of Contents Daviess County Comprehensive Plan

Table of Contents

Excutive Summary...... ES-1

Chapter 1: Introduction

A. FOUNDATION ...... 1 1. Interstate 69 Community Planning Program ...... 1 2. Purpose ...... 1 3. Organization ...... 1 4. Planning Process ...... 2 5. Planning Period ...... 2 5. Planning Area ...... 2 B. USE ...... 2 1. Review of Land Use Change Proposals (If Zoning Adopted) ...... 2 a. Consistency with Future Land Use Map (Test 1) ...... 3 b. Consistency with Development Review Guidelines (Test 2) ...... 3 c. Exceptions to General Consistency Tests ...... 3 2. Foundation for Land Use Controls ...... 3 3. Basis for Capital Improvement Programs ...... 4 4. Other Uses ...... 4

Chapter 2: Community Setting

A. LOCATION ...... 5 B. HISTORIC ...... 5 1. History of Daviess County ...... 5 2. Historic Structures ...... 5 C. NATURAL ENVIRONMENT ...... 9 1. Relation to Community Growth ...... 9 2. Topography and Land Features ...... 9 a. Terrain and Topography ...... 9 b. Ratings for Septic Tank Absorption Fields ...... 9 c. Agricultural Lands ...... 9 d. Forest Lands ...... 12 e. Karst Topography ...... 12 f. Mineral Resources ...... 15 3. Water Features ...... 15 a. Ground Water Resources ...... 15 b. Streams and Floodplains ...... 20 c. Wetlands ...... 29 4. Nature ...... 30 a. Conservancy District ...... 30 b. Water Use ...... 32 c. Wildlife Habitat and Threatened and Endangered Species ...... 32 d. Managed Lands and Natural Areas ...... 36 D. SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS ...... 43 1. Population Characteristics ...... 43 a. Existing Population ...... 43 b. Projected Population ...... 43 2. Demographic Characteristics ...... 45 a. Male/Female Population ...... 45 b. Age ...... 46 c. Educational Attainment ...... 47

Table of Contents | i ii Daviess County Comprehensive Plan | . lne oda mrvmns...... 67 b.PlannedRoadwayImprovements ...... 67 a.Improvement Types 69 ...... 7.I-69 71 ...... C. UTILITIES ...... b.Bikeways/Walkways 67 ...... 66 a.Roadways ...... 66 b.MaintenanceResponsibility ...... 65 a.DaviessCounty ...... 65 d.LocalStreets ...... c.CollectorStreets 65 ...... 65 b.Minor Arterials ...... 63 a.Major Arterials ...... 62 e.Conclusion ...... 62 d.Public/Quasi-Public ...... c.Industrial 62 ...... 62 b.Commercial ...... B. TRANSPORTATION 63 ...... 61 a.Residential ...... 60 e. Agricultural/Forest Land ...... 60 d.Public/Quasi-Public ...... c.Industrial 58 ...... 58 b.Commercial ...... 57 a.Residential ...... 57 A. LANDUSE ...... 52 b.ProjectedJobs ...... 52 a.ExistingJobs ...... Chapter 3: Assessment ofExistingConditions 52 b.ProjectedWorkforce ...... 52 a.ExistingWorkforce ...... 51 d.Housing Affordability ...... c.ProjectedHousingUnits 50 ...... 50 b.NewHousingPermits ...... 48 a.ExistingHousing ...... 52 E. ECONOMICCHARACTERISTICS ...... 47 d.Ethnicity ...... Table ofContents 1. Introduction 67 6. RoadwayImprovements ...... 5. Traf 66 4. PhysicalCharacteristics ...... 65 3. Thoroughfare Network ...... 2. HighwayFunctionalClassi 63 1. Introduction ...... 61 3. ProjectedLandUse ...... 60 2. ExistingLandUseControls ...... 57 1. ExistingLandUse ...... 53 3. Commutingand Travel Time ...... 52 2. Employers/Jobs ...... 52 1. Workforce Characteristics ...... 48 4. HousingCharacteristics ...... 47 3. IncomeCharacteristics ...... 2. Water Treatment 71 andDistributionSystems ...... fi c Volumes c ...... fi cto ...... 63 ...... cation ...... 71 ...... 67 ...... Daviess County Comprehensive Plan iii | ...... 90 ...... 93 Table of Contents Table ce Uses ...... fi 3. Liquid Waste Treatment and Collection ...... and Collection Treatment 3. Liquid Waste 72 ...... Drainage 4. Storm Water 72 ...... 5. Other Utilities 72 ...... Disposal 6. Solid Waste 73 ...... 1. Introduction 73 ...... 2. Recreation Facilities 73 ...... 3. Educational Facilities 75 ...... 4. Governmental Facilities 76 ...... 5. Medical Facilities 76 ...... Assets to Growth and Development 78 1. Current ...... Development 2. Current Obstacles to Growth and 78 ...... 3. Desires for Future Growth and Development 78 ...... 1. Future Vision 83 ...... 2. Development of the Vision 83 ...... Statement 1. Vision 84 ...... 2. Land Use Development Policy 84 ...... 3. Community Infrastructure Policy 84 ...... 1. Land Use Development 89 ...... 71 and Existing Capacity Treatment a. Water ...... b. Distribution System 71 ...... Storage c. Water 71 ...... System Improvements 71 d. Water ...... Needs 72 e. Future Water ...... 72 Plant and Capacity Treatment a. Sewage ...... System b. Sewage Collection 72 ...... 73 FACILITIES D. COMMUNITY ...... c. Sanitary System Improvements 72 ...... a. Existing Facilities 73 ...... 73 Facilities Standards b. Park Land and Recreation ...... Adequacy Facility c. Park Land and Recreation 75 Chapter 4: Community Issues ...... MEETING A. LAND USE PLAN COMMITTEE 77 ...... SURVEY B. COMMUNITY 77 ...... LEADER INTERVIEW C. COMMUNITY 78 Chapter 5: Future Vision ...... 83 A. INTRODUCTION ...... AND OBJECTIVE STATEMENTS B. POLICIES 83 ...... C. GUIDELINES 89 ...... Development 4. Goals and Objectives for Future 84 ...... a. Residential Uses 89 b. Of a. Transportation ...... Transportation a...... c. Commercial Uses 91 ...... 2. Development Infrastructure 93 ...... d. Industrial Uses 91 ...... 92 e. Public/Quasi-Public Uses ...... 3. Environmental and Collection System Treatment 94 b. Sewage 93 ...... 4. Government and Distribution System Treatment c. Potable Water 95 94 iv | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan k.Locally-De fi 124 j.WildlifeHabitats, PreservedNatural Areas andHighQualityNatural Communities ...... i.GroundWater Resources 124 ...... 123 h.Wetlands ...... 123 g.Streams, StreamCorridorsandFloodplains ...... f.SteepSlopes 123 ...... 122 e.ForestLands ...... 122 d.Prime Agricultural Lands ...... c. 122 Archaeological Sites ...... 122 b.Wabash andErieCanal ...... a.HistoricStructures 120 ...... k.Locally-Defi 120 120 j.WildlifeHabitats,PreservedNatural Areas andHighQualityNaturalCommunities 2.EnvironmentalImplementation ...... i.GroundWater Resources 120 ...... h.Streams,StreamCorridorsandFloodplains ...... 110 g.SteepSlopes 120 ...... f.Karst Topography ...... 119 e.ForestLands ...... 119 d.Prime Agricultural Lands ...... 119 c. Archaeological Sites ...... 119 b.Wabash andErieCanal ...... 119 a.HistoricStructures ...... 117 2.Open SpaceandRecreationImplementation ...... F. ENVIRONMENTAL ...... 117 2.Community FacilitiesandServicesImplementation ...... 116 E. OPENSPACE AND RECREATION ...... 116 2.Utilities Implementation ...... 116 D. COMMUNITY FACILITIES AND SERVICES ...... 116 f. Thoroughfare Improvements ...... 112 e. Access Management 108 2. Transportation/Thoroughfare Implementation ...... 114 10 ThoroughfareTypical d. Cross-Sections ...... C. UTILITIES ...... 115 105 c.PreservationofRight-of-Way ...... 104 a.Purposeofthe Thoroughfare ...... a.Defi 104 f.Conservation ...... 103 e.Public/Quasi-Public 104 2.LandUseDevelopmentImplementation ...... Table ofContents 1. EnvironmentalRecommendations ...... 117 1. OpenSpaceandRecreationRecommendations ...... 116 1. CommunityFacilitiesandServicesRecommendations ...... 116 1. UtilitiesRecommendations ...... 115 104 1. Transportation/Thoroughfare Recommendations ...... 97 1. LandUseDevelopmentRecommendations ...... nto fToogfr eomnain ...... 104 nition of Thoroughfare Recommendations ...... ned NaturalResources 120 ...... ned NaturalResources 124 ...... 117 6 Daviess County Comprehensive Plan v | Table of Contents Table c ...... c 68 fi cation...... 64 fi cant Water Withdrawl ...... Withdrawl Water cant 23 fi 1. Economic Development Recommendations ...... Recommendations Development 1. Economic 125 ...... 1. Housing Plan 127 Figure 11: Streams, Floodplains and Watersheds ...... 26 Streams, Floodplains and Watersheds Figure 11: ...... Areas Figure 12: Streams and Drainage 27 ...... Figure 13: Wetlands 31 ...... Withdrawls Figure 14: Reported Water 33 Figure 15: Natural Regions...... 35 ...... 40 Threatened and Endangered Species Figure 16: ...... Area Figure 17: Glendale Fish and Wildlife 41 ...... Figure 18: Dogwood Lake 42 ...... Figure 19: Daviess County Managed Lands 44 ...... Trends Figure 20: Population 45 Figure 21: Population Forecasts...... 46 ...... Age Pyramid Figure 22: Population 47 Attainment...... Figure 23: Educational 48 ...... Figure 24: Household Income 49 ...... Figure 25: Housing Value 50 ...... of Housing Age Figure 26: 51 ...... Figure 27: Labor Force 53 ...... Figure 28: Employment by Major Sector 54 ...... and From Daviess County To Figure 29: Commuter 55 ...... 56 From Washington Time Figure 30: Commute ...... Figure 31: Existing Land Use 59 Figure 32: Functional Classi Traf Annual Daily Average Figure 33: ...... Figure 34: Daviess County Existing Land Use 99 G. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ...... DEVELOPMENT G. ECONOMIC 124 ...... H. HOUSING 127 ...... Implementation 2. Economic Development 126 ...... 127 I. CONCLUSION ...... Implementation 2. Housing Plan 127 ...... Plan Implementation 1. Comprehensive 127 ...... Assistance Programs 2. Financial 127 Appendices ...... 3. Prioritization 128 ...... A-1 Tables A: Socioeconomic Appendix Survey...... B-1Appendix B: Comprehensive Plan ...... C-1 Appendix C: Sign-In Sheets ...... D-1 Comments Appendix D: Public Hearing and Written List of Figures Map...... Figure 1: Daviess County Location 6 ...... Figure 2: Points of Interest 7 ...... County Figure 3: Physiography of Daviess 10 ...... 11 Figure 4: Septic Fields ...... Figure 5: Prime Farmland 13 ...... Areas Figure 6: Forested 14 ...... Figure 7: Mineral Resources 16 ...... Figure 8: Hydrogeologic Settings 17 ...... Wells Figure 9: Ground Water 21 Figure 10: Signi vi | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Table TravelA-10: Times ...... Table A-9: Commuters ...... A-7 Table A-8: Employment...... A-6 Table A-7: LaborForce ...... A-6 Table A-6: HousingForecasts...... A-6 Table A-5: HousingCharacteristics...... A-5 Table A-4: FamilyIncome ...... A-4 Table A-3: DemographicCharacteristics ...... A-4 Table A-2: PopulationForecasts ...... A-3 Table A-1: Population Trends...... A-3 79 Table 10:CommunitySurveyResults...... 74 Table 9:DaviessCountyRecreationalFacilities...... Table 61 8:ExistingLandUseandFutureDemand ...... Table 57 7:DaviessCountyExistingLandUse ...... Table 6:StateandFederal Threatened SpeciesforDaviessCounty ...... Table 5:2007Water Withdrawl(milliongallons)32 ...... Table 28 4:Drainage Areas ...... Table 3:IDEMWellhead ProtectionProgram Tracking Database ...... Table 2:RegisteredSigni Table 1:GroundWater Availability 19 ...... List ofTables Figure 40:Signi Figure 39:INDOT Design StandardsforRural Typical CrossSections ...... 111 Figure 38:SuggestedDaviessCountyUrban Typical CrossSections ...... 110 Figure 37:SuggestedDaviessCountyUrban Typical 109 CrossSections ...... 101 Figure 36:DaviessCountyFutureLandUse ...... 100 Figure 35:DaviessCountyExistingandPotentialFutureLandUse ...... Table ofContents fi cant EnvironmentalFeatures...... 118 fi cant Water 22 WithdrawlFacilities ...... A-7 .37 .24

Acknowledgements

Daviess County Board of Commissioners

Anthony Wichman, President Gail Doades, Auditor Mike Taylor, Member Jeff Hayes, County Attorney Larry Wilson, Member

Daviess County Area Plan Commission

Dennis Helms, President Scott Monroe, Member David Smith, Vice President Seth Myers, Member Matthew Hart, Secretary Mike Russell, Member Mark Cornelius, Member Mike Taylor, Member Phil Flint, Member Jeff Hayes, Plan Commission Attorney

Comprehensive Plan Steering Committee

Ron Arnold Dennis Helms Phil Cornelius Mike Sprinkle Richard Cottrell Anthony Wichman Jack Graber

Southern Indiana Development Commission

Greg Jones, Executive Director Matt Sward, Development Specialist

Bernardin, Lochmueller & Associates, Inc.

David Ripple, Project Director Matt Schriefer, Planner II David Goffi net, Project Manager Erin Mattingly, Planner I Laurie Miller, Planner I

The plan was funded in full with State funds through the Interstate 69 Community Planning Grant Program of the Indiana Department of Transportation with the assistance of the Indiana Offi ce of Community and Rural Affairs.



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WŽƉƵůĂƚŝŽŶdƌĞŶĚƐ

 

͘tŚĂƚĚŝĚƚŚĞƉůĂŶĨŝŶĚ͍

ϭϭ͘ DĞĚŝĂŶĂŐĞŽĨϯϱLJĞĂƌƐ ͲͲ ƐĂŵĞĂƐ/ŶĚŝĂŶĂ ϭϮ͘ >ŽǁĞƌĞĚƵĐĂƚŝŽŶĂƚƚĂŝŶŵĞŶƚƚŚĂŶ/ŶĚŝĂŶĂĂƐǁŚŽůĞ ϭϯ͘ DĞĚŝĂŶŚŽƵƐĞŚŽůĚŝŶĐŽŵĞϴϮйŽĨ/ŶĚŝĂŶĂ ϭϰ͘ ŐŝŶŐŚŽƵƐŝŶŐƐƚŽĐŬͲͲ ŶĞĂƌůLJŚĂůĨƚŚĞŚŽŵĞƐŽǀĞƌϰϱLJĞĂƌƐŽůĚ WŽƉƵůĂƚŝŽŶ&ŽƌĞĐĂƐƚƐ ϭϱ͘ WƌŽũĞĐƚĞĚϵϰϴŶĞǁŚŽƵƐŝŶŐƵŶŝƚƐƚŽϮϬϯϬÆ ĚĚϭ͕ϰϴϭƉĞŽƉůĞǁŝƚŚ ‡ ĂŶŽƚŚĞƌϱϵϮŚŽƵƐŝŶŐƵŶŝƚƐǁŝƚŚtĞƐƚ'ĂƚĞΛƌĂŶĞ tĞƐƚ'ĂƚĞΛƌĂŶĞ ‡ ϱϬйŽĨŶĞǁŚŽƵƐŝŶŐŝŶƵŶŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƚĞĚĂƌĞĂƐ ϭϲ͘ ,ŝŐŚĞƌйŽĨ^ŝŶŐůĞͲ&ĂŵŝůLJ,ŽŵĞƐƚŚĂŶ/ŶĚŝĂŶĂĂƐǁŚŽůĞ

ĚƵĐĂƚŝŽŶ ,ŽƵƐĞŚŽůĚ/ŶĐŽŵĞ

͘tŚĂƚĚŝĚƚŚĞƉůĂŶĨŝŶĚ͍

ϭϳ͘ WƌŽũĞĐƚĞĚŝŶĐƌĞĂƐĞŽĨϯ͕ϭϲϰũŽďƐƚŽϮϬϯϬÆ ĂŶŽƚŚĞƌ ŐĞŽĨ,ŽƵƐŝŶŐ Ϯ͕ϯϱϰũŽďƐǁŝƚŚtĞƐƚ'ĂƚĞΛƌĂŶĞ ϭϴ͘ WƌŽũĞĐƚĞĚĚĞŵĂŶĚĨŽƌϭ͕ϵϯϵĂĐƌĞƐƚŽĂĐĐŽŵŵŽĚĂƚĞ ƵƌďĂŶŐƌŽǁƚŚƚŽLJĞĂƌϮϬϯϬÆÆÆ /ŶƐƵĨĨŝĐŝĞŶƚǀĂĐĂŶƚůĂŶĚ ƐƵŝƚĂďůĞĨŽƌĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚŝŶƐŝĚĞŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƚĞĚĂƌĞĂƐ ϭϵ͘ dǁŽŵĂũŽƌƌŽĂĚǁĂLJŝŵƉƌŽǀĞŵĞŶƚƐÆ /ͲϲϵĂŶĚh^ ϱϬƚŚƌƵDŽŶƚŐŽŵĞƌLJ ‡ tŝĚĞŶŝŶŐŽĨh^ϱϬĨƌŽŵ/ͲϲϵƚŽ>ŽŽŐŽŽƚĞĞƵŶĨƵŶĚĞĚ ‡ ĂŶŶĞůďƵƌŐͲKĚŽŶZŽĂĚƌĞĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĐƚŝŽŶƵŶĚĞƌĚĞƐŝŐŶ

 

džŝƐƚŝŶŐĂŶĚ&ƵƚƵƌĞ>ĂŶĚhƐĞĞŵĂŶĚ ŵƉůŽLJŵĞŶƚ нϯ͕ϭϲϰũŽďƐ нϮ͕ϯϱϰŵŽƌĞũŽďƐǁŝƚŚtĞƐƚ'ĂƚĞΛƌĂŶĞ

нϭ͕ϵϯϵĂĐƌĞƐĨŽƌŶŽƌŵĂůĚĞŵĂŶĚ EŽƚĞŶŽƵŐŚǀĂĐĂŶƚůĂŶĚŝŶŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƚĞĚĂƌĞĂƐ

džŝƐƚŝŶŐ dƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĂƚŝŽŶ >ĂŶĚhƐĞ &ĂĐŝůŝƚŝĞƐ

͘tŚĂƚĚŝĚƚŚĞƉůĂŶĨŝŶĚ͍ &͘,ŽǁǁĂƐŝƚĚĞǀĞůŽƉĞĚ͍

ϮϮ͘ 'ĞŶĞƌĂůůLJĂĚĞƋƵĂƚĞǁĂƚĞƌƐLJƐƚĞŵƐŝŶƐŝĚĞ ϭ͘ &ŽƵƌŵĞĞƚŝŶŐƐŽĨƚŚĞƚǁŽ^ƚĞĞƌŝŶŐŽŵŵŝƚƚĞĞƐ ‡ /ĚĞŶƚŝĨLJŝƐƐƵĞƐ͕ĚĞǀĞůŽƉĐŽŵŵƵŶŝƚLJǁŝĚĞƐƵƌǀĞLJĂŶĚŝĚĞŶƚŝĨLJůĞĂĚĞƌƐƚŽďĞ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƚĞĚĂƌĞĂƐÆ ďƵƚĂůůƐLJƐƚĞŵƐŵƵƐƚďĞĞdžƚĞŶĚĞĚ ŝŶƚĞƌǀŝĞǁĞĚ;ϵͬϬϯͬϮϬϬϴͿ ƚŽĂĐĐŽŵŵŽĚĂƚĞŐƌŽǁƚŚ ‡ ĞǀĞůŽƉĨƵƚƵƌĞǀŝƐŝŽŶ;ϭͬϬϴͬϮϬϬϵͿ ‡ ĞǀĞůŽƉĨƵƚƵƌĞĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĞƐ;ϮͬϭϮͬϮϬϬϵͿ Ϯϯ͘ ZĞĐĞŶƚtĂƐŚŝŶŐƚŽŶƐĞǁĂŐĞƚƌĞĂƚŵĞŶƚƐLJƐƚĞŵ ‡ ĞǀĞůŽƉƌĞĐŽŵŵĞŶĚĂƚŝŽŶƐ;ϰͬϭϲͬϮϬϬϵͿ ŝŵƉƌŽǀĞŵĞŶƚƐÆ ďƵƚĂůůƐLJƐƚĞŵƐĂŶĚŵƵƐƚďĞĞdžƚĞŶĚĞĚ ƚŽĂĐĐŽŵŵŽĚĂƚĞŐƌŽǁƚŚ Ϯ͘ ^ƚĞĞƌŝŶŐŽŵŵŝƚƚĞĞƐŵĞƚũŽŝŶƚůLJŽŶĐŽŵŵŽŶŝƐƐƵĞƐ Ϯϰ͘ EĞĞĚĨŽƌƌĞŐŝŽŶĂůƌĞĐƌĞĂƚŝŽŶĂƌĞĂŝŶŶŽƌƚŚĂǀŝĞƐƐ ϯ͘ dǁŽƌŽƵŶĚƐŽĨƉƵďůŝĐŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƚŝŽŶŵĞĞƚŝŶŐƐ Æ ĂĚĚŝƚŝŽŶĂůƌĞĐƌĞĂƚŝŽŶĨĂĐŝůŝƚŝĞƐŶĞĞĚĞĚĂƚƌĞŐŝŽŶĂůƉĂƌŬƐ ‡ ZĞǀŝĞǁďĂĐŬŐƌŽƵŶĚŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƚŝŽŶĂŶĚƚŚĞĨƵƚƵƌĞǀŝƐŝŽŶ;ϭͬϮϮͬϮϬϬϵͿ ŝŶĞĂƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŚ ‡ ZĞǀŝĞǁĨƵƚƵƌĞůĂŶĚƵƐĞͬƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĂƚŝŽŶĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĞƐ;ϯͬϬϰͬϮϬϬϵͿ Ϯϱ͘ EŽŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĞĚŶĞǁƐĐŚŽŽůƐŝŶƚŚĞƚŚƌĞĞƐĐŚŽŽů ϰ͘ ^ƚĞĞƌŝŶŐŽŵŵŝƚƚĞĞÆ /ƐƐƵĞƐŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ ĚŝƐƚƌŝĐƚƐ Æ ďƵƚĞdžŝƐƚŝŶŐƐĐŚŽŽůƐǁŝůůŶĞĞĚŝŵƉƌŽǀĞŵĞŶƚƐŝŶ ϱ͘ ŽŵŵƵŶŝƚLJǁŝĚĞƐƵƌǀĞLJ ƚŚĞĨƵƚƵƌĞ ϲ͘ /ŶƚĞƌǀŝĞǁƐŽĨĐŽŵŵƵŶŝƚLJůĞĂĚĞƌƐ

 

'͘tŚĂƚĂƌĞƚŚĞƉůĂŶƌĞĐŽŵŵĞŶĚĂƚŝŽŶƐ͍ '͘tŚĂƚĂƌĞƚŚĞƉůĂŶƌĞĐŽŵŵĞŶĚĂƚŝŽŶƐ͍

ϭ͘ ^ƚĂƚĞĚWƌŝŽƌŝƚŝĞƐ͗ Ϯ͘&ƵƚƵƌĞ>ĂŶĚhƐĞ͗ ‡ WƌŽũĞĐƚƐƚŚĂƚĂƐƐŝƐƚĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚŽƉƉŽƌƚƵŶŝƚŝĞƐĂƌŽƵŶĚ ‡ >ŽĐĂƚŝŽŶƐĨŽƌĨƵƚƵƌĞůĂŶĚƵƐĞŽƉƉŽƌƚƵŶŝƚŝĞƐ ĨƵƚƵƌĞ/ͲϲϵŝŶƚĞƌĐŚĂŶŐĞƐ͕ĞƐƉĞĐŝĂůůLJh^ϱϬĂŶĚh^Ϯϯϭ ± /ŶƐŝĚĞĂŶĚĂĚũĂĐĞŶƚƚŽŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƚĞĚĂƌĞĂƐ ± WƌŽǀŝĚŝŶŐǁĂƚĞƌ͕ƐĞǁĞƌĂŶĚŽƚŚĞƌƵƚŝůŝƚŝĞƐƚŽƐĞƌǀĞƐŚŽǀĞůƌĞĂĚLJƐŝƚĞƐ ± ůŽŶŐ/ͲϲϵŶĞĂƌ/Ͳϲϵͬh^ϱϬŝŶƚĞƌĐŚĂŶŐĞ ± džƚĞŶĚŝŶŐǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚƐĞǁĞƌůŝŶĞƐĨƌŽŵtĂƐŚŝŶŐƚŽŶƚŽƚŚĞ/ͲϲϵĐŽƌƌŝĚŽƌ ± ƚƚŚĞ/Ͳϲϵͬ^ZϱϴŝŶƚĞƌĐŚĂŶŐĞ ĨƌŽŵZϭϱϬ^ƚŽZϮϬϬE ± ƐƐŝƐƚŝŶŐĂǀŝĞƐƐŽƵŶƚLJŝƌƉŽƌƚƵƚŚŽƌŝƚLJƚŽĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚůĂŶĚŽŶƚŚĞ ± EĞĂƌ/Ͳϲϵͬh^ϮϯϭŝŶƚĞƌĐŚĂŶŐĞ ǁĞƐƚƐŝĚĞŽĨ/ͲϲϵďĞƚǁĞĞŶZϮϬϬEĂŶĚZϯϱϬE ‡ EĞǁƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚŝĂůĂƌĞĂƐ ± 'ƵŝĚŝŶŐĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚŽĨtĞƐƚ'ĂƚĞ ΛƌĂŶĞŝŶĐůƵĚŝŶŐƚŚĞƉƌŽǀŝƐŝŽŶŽĨ ŝŶĨƌĂƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƚŽƚŚĞĂǀŝĞƐƐŽƵŶƚLJƉŽƌƚŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐŝƚĞ ± ůŽŶŐh^ϱϬLJƉĂƐƐŝŶǁĂƌĚƚŽǁĂƌĚtĂƐŚŝŶŐƚŽŶ ‡ ŽŶƚŝŶƵŝŶŐƚŽǁŽƌŬŽŶĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĐŐƌŽǁƚŚ ± ĂƐƚƐŝĚĞŽĨKĚŽŶĂŶĚ/Ͳϲϵͬ^ZϱϴŝŶƚĞƌĐŚĂŶŐĞ ± ^ŽƵƚŚƐŝĚĞŽĨůŶŽƌĂ͕DŽŶƚŐŽŵĞƌLJĂŶĚĨĨŽƌĚƐǀŝůůĞ ± ŶŚĂŶĐŝŶŐĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĐĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚŽƉƉŽƌƚƵŶŝƚŝĞƐ ± DĂƌŬĞƚŝŶŐĂǀŝĞƐƐŽƵŶƚLJ

'͘tŚĂƚĂƌĞƚŚĞƉůĂŶƌĞĐŽŵŵĞŶĚĂƚŝŽŶƐ͍ &ƵƚƵƌĞ Ϯ͘&ƵƚƵƌĞ>ĂŶĚhƐĞ;ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĞĚͿ͗ >ĂŶĚhƐĞ ‡ EĞǁĐŽŵŵĞƌĐŝĂůĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ ± /Ͳϲϵͬh^ϱϬŝŶƚĞƌĐŚĂŶŐĞ ± /Ͳϲϵͬh^ϮϯϭŝŶƚĞƌĐŚĂŶŐĞŝŶtĞƐƚ'ĂƚĞ ΛƌĂŶĞ ‡ EĞǁŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůĂƌĞĂƐ ± /ͲϲϵĐŽƌƌŝĚŽƌĨƌŽŵEĂƚŝŽŶĂů,ŝŐŚǁĂLJƚŽŝƌƉŽƌƚ ± tĞƐƚƐŝĚĞŽĨKĚŽŶ ± tĞƐƚ'ĂƚĞ ΛƌĂŶĞ ‡ WŽƚĞŶƚŝĂůĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂŶĐLJĂƌĞĂƐ ± &ůŽŽĚƉůĂŝŶƐŽĨtŚŝƚĞZŝǀĞƌ͕WƌĂŝƌŝĞƌĞĞŬĂŶĚ&ŝƌƐƚƌĞĞŬ ± EĞǁϭϬϬϬͲĐƌĞEĂƚƵƌĞWƌĞƐĞƌǀĞ ± ^ƚƌŝƉŵŝŶĞĂƌĞĂƐŝŶŶŽƌƚŚĂǀŝĞƐƐ

'͘tŚĂƚĂƌĞƚŚĞƉůĂŶƌĞĐŽŵŵĞŶĚĂƚŝŽŶƐ͍ '͘tŚĂƚĂƌĞƚŚĞƉůĂŶƌĞĐŽŵŵĞŶĚĂƚŝŽŶƐ͍

ϯ͘ dƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĂƚŝŽŶͬdŚŽƌŽƵŐŚĨĂƌĞWůĂŶ ϯ͘ dƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĂƚŝŽŶͬdŚŽƌŽƵŐŚĨĂƌĞWůĂŶ;ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĞĚͿ ‡ dLJƉŝĐĂůĐƌŽƐƐƐĞĐƚŝŽŶƐĨŽƌĚĞƐŝŐŶĂŶĚƌŝŐŚƚͲŽĨͲǁĂLJ ‡ /ŵƉƌŽǀĞĚĂĐĐĞƐƐƚŽƚŚĞ/ͲϲϵĐŽƌƌŝĚŽƌĞĂƐƚŽĨ ƉƌĞƐĞƌǀĂƚŝŽŶĨŽƌĐŽƵŶƚLJƚŚŽƌŽƵŐŚĨĂƌĞƐÅ ƐŚŽƵůĚĞƌƐ tĂƐŚŝŶŐƚŽŶ ĨŽƌďƵŐŐŝĞƐ ± džƚĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨZϮϬϬĨƌŽŵZϮϬϬEƚŽZϮϱϬE ‡ ŽŵƉůĞƚŝŽŶŽĨ/Ͳϲϵ ± džƚĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨZϯϬϬĨƌŽŵZϭϱϬ^ƚŽh^ϱϬĂŶĚZ ϭϬϬEƚŽZϮϬϬE ‡ tŝĚĞŶŝŶŐh^ϱϬĨƌŽŵtĂƐŚŝŶŐƚŽŶƚŽ>ŽŽŐŽŽƚĞĞ ‡ džƚĞŶƐŝŽŶŽĨĂǀŝĞƐƐͲDĂƌƚŝŶŽƵŶƚLJ>ŝŶĞZŽĂĚƚŽ ‡ ZĞĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĐƚŝŽŶŽĨĂŶŶĞůďƵƌŐͲKĚŽŶZŽĂĚĨƌŽŵh^ ŝŵƉƌŽǀĞĂĐĐĞƐƐƚŽƚŚĞ>ŽŽŐŽŽƚĞĞ^ĐŚŽŽůŽŵƉůĞdž ϱϬƚŽ^ZϱϴǁŝƚŚƐŚŽƵůĚĞƌƐĨŽƌďƵŐŐŝĞƐ ‡ WŽƚĞŶƚŝĂůƚƌĂŝůƐ ‡ ƐƚĂďůŝƐŚƉĂǀĞŵĞŶƚŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚƐLJƐƚĞŵ

 

dLJƉŝĐĂůZŽĂĚǁĂLJƌŽƐƐ^ĞĐƚŝŽŶƐ '͘tŚĂƚĂƌĞƚŚĞƉůĂŶƌĞĐŽŵŵĞŶĚĂƚŝŽŶƐ͍

ϰ͘ hƚŝůŝƚŝĞƐWůĂŶ ‡ /ŵƉƌŽǀŝŶŐƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƐďLJǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚƐĞǁĞƌƉƌŽǀŝĚĞƌƐƚŽ ĂĐĐŽŵŵŽĚĂƚĞŐƌŽǁƚŚ ‡ DŽŶŝƚŽƌŝŶŐǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚǁĂƐƚĞǁĂƚĞƌƚƌĞĂƚŵĞŶƚƉůĂŶƚƐƚŽ ĞŶƐƵƌĞĐĂƉĂĐŝƚLJĨŽƌŐƌŽǁƚŚ ‡ džƉůŽƌŝŶŐĐŽƐƚͲĞĨĨĞĐƚŝǀĞƚƌĞĂƚŵĞŶƚŽƉƚŝŽŶƐĨŽƌ ĐŽŵŵƵŶŝƚŝĞƐǁŝƚŚŽŶͲƐŝƚĞƐĞƉƚŝĐƐLJƐƚĞŵƐ ‡ džƚĞŶĚŝŶŐtĂƐŚŝŶŐƚŽŶƐĞǁĞƌƐĂŶĚǁĂƚĞƌůŝŶĞƐƚŽ/Ͳϲϵ ŽƌƌŝĚŽƌ ‡ džƚĞŶĚŝŶŐůŶŽƌĂǁĂƚĞƌůŝŶĞƐƚŽ/Ͳϲϵͬ^ZϱϴŝŶƚĞƌĐŚĂŶŐĞ ‡ WƌŽǀŝĚŝŶŐƐĞǁĞƌ͕ǁĂƚĞƌůŝŶĞĂŶĚƵƚŝůŝƚLJŝŵƉƌŽǀĞŵĞŶƚƐĨŽƌ tĞƐƚ'ĂƚĞΛƌĂŶĞ

'͘tŚĂƚĂƌĞƚŚĞƉůĂŶƌĞĐŽŵŵĞŶĚĂƚŝŽŶƐ͍ '͘tŚĂƚĂƌĞƚŚĞƉůĂŶƌĞĐŽŵŵĞŶĚĂƚŝŽŶƐ͍

ϱ͘ ŽŵŵƵŶŝƚLJ&ĂĐŝůŝƚŝĞƐͬ^ĞƌǀŝĐĞƐWůĂŶĂŶĚKƉĞŶ ϲ͘ŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚĂůWůĂŶ ^ƉĂĐĞͬZĞĐƌĞĂƚŝŽŶWůĂŶ ‡ ŶĐŽƵƌĂŐĞŵĂŝŶƚĞŶĂŶĐĞ͕ƌĞŚĂďŝůŝƚĂƚŝŽŶĂŶĚƌĞƵƐĞŽĨŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĐƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƐ Æ ĞĚƵĐĂƚŝŽŶĂŶĚƚĂdžŝŶĐĞŶƚŝǀĞƐ ‡ ĚĚŝƚŝŽŶŽĨƌĞŐŝŽŶĂůƉĂƌŬŝŶŶŽƌƚŚĂǀŝĞƐƐ ‡ džƉůŽƌĞŐƌĂŶƚƐĨŽƌĂŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĐƉƌĞƐĞƌǀĂƚŝŽŶƉƌŽŐƌĂŵ ŽƵŶƚLJ ‡ ŶĐŽƵƌĂŐĞŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƚĞĂƌĞĂƐƚŽƉƵƌƐƵĞĚŽǁŶƚŽǁŶƌĞǀŝƚĂůŝnjĂƚŝŽŶĞĨĨŽƌƚƐ ‡ DŽƌĞĂĐƚŝǀĞƌĞĐƌĞĂƚŝŽŶĨĂĐŝůŝƚŝĞƐĂƚĞdžŝƐƚŝŶŐ ‡ ĞǀĞůŽƉtĂďĂƐŚĂŶĚƌŝĞĂŶĂůĂƐŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĐĂŶĚƌĞĐƌĞĂƚŝŽŶĂƐƐĞƚ ‡ ƌĞŐŝŽŶĂůƉĂƌŬƐŝŶƚŚĞĞĂƐƚĂŶĚƐŽƵƚŚĂǀŝĞƐƐ ŚĞĐŬĂƌĐŚĂĞŽůŽŐŝĐĂůƌĞĐŽƌĚƐĨŽƌŵĂũŽƌĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĐƚŝŽŶƉƌŽũĞĐƚƐ ‡ DŝŶŝŵƵŵƉƌŝŵĞĨĂƌŵůĂŶĚŝŵƉĂĐƚƐďLJĨŽĐƵƐŝŶŐĨƵƚƵƌĞĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ ŽƵŶƚLJ ĂĚũĂĐĞŶƚƚŽĐŽŵŵƵŶŝƚŝĞƐǁŝƚŚĐĞŶƚƌĂůŝnjĞĚƐĂŶŝƚĂƌLJƐĞǁĞƌƐ

'͘tŚĂƚĂƌĞƚŚĞƉůĂŶƌĞĐŽŵŵĞŶĚĂƚŝŽŶƐ͍

ϲ͘ ŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚĂůWůĂŶ;ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĞĚͿ ‡ ƌĞĂƚĞĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂƚŝŽŶĂƌĞĂƐÆ ŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚĂů ± ƉƌŝǀĂƚĞĚĞĚŝĐĂƚŝŽŶŽƌǀŽůƵŶƚĂƌLJĂĐƋƵŝƐŝƚŝŽŶÆ ŽŵƉŽƐŝƚĞ ± ĂůŽŶŐĨůŽŽĚƉůĂŝŶƐŽĨtŚŝƚĞZŝǀĞƌ͕WƌĂŝƌŝĞƌĞĞŬ͕&ŝƌƐƚƌĞĞŬ͕ ,ƵƌƌŝĐĂŶĞƌĂŶĐŚÆ ± ƚŽƉƌŽƚĞĐƚǁĞƚůĂŶĚƐĂŶĚǁŝůĚůŝĨĞŚĂďŝƚĂƚƐŶŽƚƉƌĞƐĞŶƚůLJǁŝƚŚŝŶ ŵĂŶĂŐĞĚůĂŶĚƐ ‡ džƉĂŶĚĞdžŝƐƚŝŶŐŵĂŶĂŐĞĚůĂŶĚƐÆ ǀŽůƵŶƚĂƌLJůĂŶĚĂĐƋƵŝƐŝƚŝŽŶ ‡ &ŽůůŽǁ/DƌƵůĞƐƚŽƉƌŽƚĞĐƚĨůŽŽĚƉůĂŝŶƐ͕ǁĞƚůĂŶĚƐĂŶĚ ƐƚĞĞƉƐůŽƉĞƐ ‡ ŝƐĐŽƵƌĂŐĞƵƌďĂŶĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚŽĨWůĂŝŶǀŝůůĞ^ĂŶĚƵŶĞƐ ZĞŐŝŽŶ

 

'͘tŚĂƚĂƌĞƚŚĞƉůĂŶƌĞĐŽŵŵĞŶĚĂƚŝŽŶƐ͍ '͘tŚĂƚĂƌĞƚŚĞƉůĂŶƌĞĐŽŵŵĞŶĚĂƚŝŽŶƐ͍

Æ ϳ͘ ĐŽŶŽŵŝĐĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚWůĂŶÆ ϴ͘ ,ŽƵƐŝŶŐWƌĞƐĞƌǀĂƚŝŽŶWůĂŶ ‡ ĞǀĞůŽƉŝŶŐĂĚŝůĂƉŝĚĂƚĞĚŚŽƵƐŝŶŐƉƌŽŐƌĂŵƚŽƌĞƚƵƌŶ ‡ /ŵƉƌŽǀŝŶŐĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĐĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚŽƉƉŽƌƚƵŶŝƚŝĞƐÆ ĂďĂŶĚŽŶĞĚƉƌŽƉĞƌƚŝĞƐƚŽƚĂdžƌŽůůƐ͕ƉƵƌƐƵŝŶŐĨĞĚĞƌĂůĂŶĚ ± ŶĂďůŝŶŐďƵƐŝŶĞƐƐƚŽůŽĐĂƚĞŝŶŵŝƐŚĂƌĞĂƐƚŽŵŝŶŝŵŝnjĞĐŽŵŵƵƚŝŶŐ ƐƚĂƚĞƉƌŽŐƌĂŵƐĨŽƌŚŽƵƐŝŶŐƌĞŚĂďŝůŝƚĂƚŝŽŶůŽĂŶƐ ± ŶĐŽƵƌĂŐŝŶŐĨƵƚƵƌĞĐŽŵŵĞƌĐŝĂůĂŶĚŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚŶĞĂƌ ƚŚĞ/ͲϲϵŝŶƚĞƌĐŚĂŶŐĞƐ ϵ͘ /ŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƚŝŽŶWƌŽŐƌĂŵ ± /ĚĞŶƚŝĨLJŝŶŐĂŶĚƉƌĞƐĞƌǀŝŶŐŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůƐŝƚĞƐ ‡ ĚŽƉƚŶĞǁĐŽŵƉƌĞŚĞŶƐŝǀĞƉůĂŶƚŽďĞƚƚĞƌĐŽŵƉĞƚĞǁŝƚŚ ± ƌĞĂƚŝŶŐƐŚŽǀĞůƌĞĂĚLJďƵƐŝŶĞƐƐƐŝƚĞƐ ŽƚŚĞƌĐŽŵŵƵŶŝƚŝĞƐĨŽƌ^ƚĂƚĞĂŶĚ&ĞĚĞƌĂůŐƌĂŶƚƐ ± ĞǀĞůŽƉĂƉƌŽŐƌĂŵƉƌŽŵŽƚŝŶŐƚŽƵƌŝƐŵĂŶĚĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĐ ± ĐŽŶŽŵŝĐĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ ĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ ± ,ŝƐƚŽƌŝĐƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƉƌĞƐĞƌǀĂƚŝŽŶ ‡ WƌĞƉĂƌŝŶŐĂŶĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĐĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚƐƚƌĂƚĞŐLJĂŶĚĂĐƚŝŽŶ ± ZĞĐƌĞĂƚŝŽŶůĂŶĚĂŶĚĨĂĐŝůŝƚLJŝŵƉƌŽǀĞŵĞŶƚƐ ƉůĂŶ ± ŝĐLJĐůĞ͕ƉĞĚĞƐƚƌŝĂŶĂŶĚƚƌĂŝůĨĂĐŝůŝƚŝĞƐ ± ^ĂŶŝƚĂƌLJ͕ǁĂƚĞƌĂŶĚƐƚŽƌŵǁĂƚĞƌ ĨĂĐŝůŝƚŝĞƐ ± WƌŽƚĞĐƚŝŽŶŽĨĨůŽŽĚƉůĂŝŶƐ͕ǁĞƚůĂŶĚƐĂŶĚǁŝůĚůŝĨĞŚĂďŝƚĂƚƐ

,͘tŚĂƚĐŽŵŵŝƚŵĞŶƚƐĂƌĞŶĞĞĚĞĚ͍ /͘tŚLJĂĐƚŶŽǁ͍

ϭ͘ ĚŽƉƚŝŽŶŽĨWůĂŶďLJWůĂŶŽŵŵŝƐƐŝŽŶĂĨƚĞƌ ϭ͘ 'ƵŝĚĞƐƉƵďůŝĐĂŶĚƉƌŝǀĂƚĞĚĞĐŝƐŝŽŶƐƌĞůĂƚŝǀĞƚŽůĂŶĚ ƉƵďůŝĐŚĞĂƌŝŶŐĂŶĚƌĞĐŽŵŵĞŶĚĂƚŝŽŶƚŽŽĂƌĚ ƵƐĞĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚĂŶĚŝŶĨƌĂƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞŝŵƉƌŽǀĞŵĞŶƚƐ ŽĨŽŵŵŝƐƐŝŽŶĞƌƐ ƚŽĐĂƉƚƵƌĞƚŚĞĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚŽƉƉŽƌƚƵŶŝƚŝĞƐŽĨ/Ͳϲϵ ĂŶĚtĞƐƚ'ĂƚĞΛƌĂŶĞ Ϯ͘ ĚŽƉƚŝŽŶŽĨWůĂŶďLJŽĂƌĚŽĨŽŵŵŝƐƐŝŽŶĞƌƐ Ϯ͘ ŶĂďůĞƐƚŚĞĂǀŝĞƐƐŽƵŶƚLJƚŽďĞƚƚĞƌĐŽŵƉĞƚĞǁŝƚŚ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĂƌĞƐŽůƵƚŝŽŶ;ƌĞƐŽůƵƚŝŽŶсŐƵŝĚĂŶĐĞͿ ŽƚŚĞƌĐŽŵŵƵŶŝƚŝĞƐĨŽƌ^ƚĂƚĞĂŶĚ&ĞĚĞƌĂůŐƌĂŶƚƐĂŶĚ ŶŽƚŽƌĚŝŶĂŶĐĞ;ŽƌĚŝŶĂŶĐĞсůĂǁͿÆ ŽĞƐŶŽƚ ůŽĂŶƐ ĂĨĨĞĐƚůĂŶĚƵƐĞƌŝŐŚƚƐ ϯ͘ ƐƚĂďůŝƐŚĞƐƚŚĞĨŽƵŶĚĂƚŝŽŶƵŶĚĞƌ^ƚĂƚĞƐƚĂƚƵƚĞĨŽƌ ƉůĂŶŶŝŶŐƚŽĂǀŽŝĚƐƚĂƌƚŝŶŐŽǀĞƌĂŐĂŝŶĨƌŽŵƐĐƌĂƚĐŚŝŶ ƚŚĞĨƵƚƵƌĞ

7KDQN

 Chapter 1: Introduction Daviess County Comprehensive Plan

A. FOUNDATION

1. INTERSTATE 69 COMMUNITY PLANNING PROGRAM

The Daviess County Comprehensive Plan is being completed through a grant from the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT). The Daviess County Comprehensive Plan will fulfi ll the Indiana statutory requirements for a comprehensive plan (IC 36-7-4-500 et seq.). The document will become the Daviess County Comprehensive Plan if the Daviess County Board of Commissioners creates an Advisory Plan Commission to hold an adoption public hearing and adopts the plan by resolution upon recommendation of the Plan Commission. The I-69 Community Planning Program was created by INDOT to aid the local communities along the proposed I-69 corridor in planning for their future. The Indiana Department of Transportation recognized the need to encourage local communities to protect natural resources, manage growth, and promote economic development associated with I-69. The Community Planning Program was established in the I-69 Tier 1 Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS). Following the FEIS, the Tier 1 Record of Decision (ROD) established 31 counties, cities, and towns along the selected corridor to be eligible for a community planning grant. Daviess County is one of the eligible places and received grant approval on October 25, 2007 from INDOT to create a Daviess County Comprehensive Plan taking the proposed I-69 corridor into account. The State of Indiana executed the grant agreement with Daviess County on March 19, 2008. The county retained Bernardin, Lochmueller and Associates, Inc. on April 28th, 2008 to prepare the Daviess County Comprehensive Plan for the unincorporated areas of the county.

2. PURPOSE

The Daviess County Comprehensive Plan directs the future physical development of the community by serving as the key policy guide for public and private decision makers if adopted as a comprehensive plan under state statute. It addresses the use of land to accommodate future activities, the phasing of infrastructure (roads and utilities) to support development, the provision of community facilities to meet the needs of residents, and the preservation of natural and man-made amenities to protect the heritage of the community. Ultimately, the land use refl ects the values of the community in balancing the competition for land to sustain the economic vitality and the quality of life of the community. It is the collective vision for the future of Daviess County.

According to the Indiana Code (IC 36-7-4-501), the purpose of a comprehensive plan is to provide for “the promotion of public health, safety, morals, convenience, order, or the general welfare and for the sake of effi ciency and economy in the process of development.” Finally, its adoption is a prerequisite to the adoption (if the community so chooses) of a variety of land use controls (zoning, subdivision, planned unit development, site plan review and thoroughfare regulations) for achieving the community’s future vision, and provides a long- range framework for developing capital improvement programs.

Daviess County has never had a comprehensive plan or any type of land use control such as a zoning ordinance or subdivision control ordinance. Further, Daviess County has never issued local building permits. The Indiana Code Requires that a comprehensive plan be completed before a community decides (if ever) to create zoning or subdivision control ordinances. The adoption of this comprehensive plan will allow Daviess County to create and adopt, if so desired, zoning and subdivision control ordinances that are consistent with the plan.

3. ORGANIZATION

The comprehensive plan is being prepared by Bernardin, Lochmueller and Associates, Inc. under contract to Daviess County through an Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) I-69 Community Planning Program grant. The purpose of the INDOT grant is to assist the community in responding to the economic development and growth opportunities of I-69 while protecting natural resources. It will be reviewed and adopted by the Daviess County Advisory Plan Commission (created on July 27, 2009) and the Daviess County Board of Commissioners after several public forums and a formal public hearing. However, adoption of the Land Use Plan as the community’s Comprehensive Plan does not compel the Board of Commissioners as the county legislative body to prepare and adopt any land use control.

Chapter 1: Introduction | 1 2 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan review guidelines. with thefuturelandusedesignation onthefuturelandusemapandshouldcomply withapplicabledevelopment applicable developmentreview guidelinesofthelanduseplan. The rezoningproposalshouldbeconsistent In thecaseofrezoningapplications, considerationshouldbegiventothefuture landusemapaswell (amendments tothezoning districtmap,ifazoningordinanceisadopted)orfuture landusemapamendments. The comprehensiveplan must beconsideredbythePlanCommissioninrecommendations onrezonings of publicprogramsrangingfromeconomicdevelopment toenvironmentalprotectionandhistoricpreservation. zoning ordinances,andcapitalimprovementprograms. Finally, thelanduseplanprovides guidanceonavariety be consideredandevaluatedinrelationtotheplan. The planalsoservesasaguide forsubdivisionregulations, ordinance isadopted)bythePlanCommissionand BoardofCommissioners,theproposedchangesareto of requestsforchangesinlanduse(i.e.,rezoningproposals andfuturelandusemapamendments,ifazoning actions anddecisions,publicexpendituresoninfrastructure tosupportlanduseactivities.Priorapproval The comprehensiveplanisaframeworkandguide forlanduseregulations,(ifanyadopted)development (that encompassestheI-69corridor),andtheserecommendationswillbesameforbothplans. and DaviessCountywillcollaborateonrecommendationsforthedevelopmentoffringeareaWashington comprehensive planatthesametimeascountyisworkingonitsplan. Accordingly, theCityofWashington Under thesameI-69CommunityPlanningProgramGrant,CityofWashington isalsoworkingona incorporated communitiesofWashington, Odon,Elnora,Plainville,Montgomery, Cannelburg,and Alfordsville. The DaviessCountyComprehensivePlanencompassesallofCounty, withtheexceptionof 6. comprehensive planthroughareviewevery assumptions andtomakemid-courseadjustmentsasneededachievethefutureenvisionedby the future arealwaysmoreaccuratethanthedistantfuture. Accordingly, itisdesirabletoreviewtheunderlying use needs.Becauseconditionsanddevelopmentassumptionschangeovertime,forecastsfortheimmediate land useneeds. The desiredfuturelandusepatternaddressesthepreferredlocationforsatisfyingthese population andeconomicforecastshavebeenpreparedfortheyear2030toguidedeterminationoffuture The comprehensiveplanwillusetheyear2030ashorizonfordevelopmentofcommunity. Thus, 5. public opinionsurvey, twopublicforumsatmajorprojectmilestonesandaformalhearing. Comprehensive Plan.Broadercommunityinputwasachievedthroughinterviewswithleaders,a The DaviessCountyLandUsePlanSteeringCommitteemeteveryothermonthtodevelopthis citizens overaneight-monthperiod. The processinvolvesfourmajorsteps: This 4. 1. Chapter 1:Introduction R USEB. P P 4) 3) 2) 1) P fi LANNING LANNING LANNING rst comprehensiveplanwillbepreparedthroughaninteractiveprocesswithcommunityleadersand EVIEW documenting thedesiredlandusepatternandassociatedinfrastructure. vision, and evaluating alternativefuturedevelopmentpatternsandsupportinginfrastructuretoachievethe preparing avisionofwherethecommunitydesirestobeinfuture, development policiescontinue, developing apro

OF A P P L ROCESS ERIOD REA AND U SE fi leofwherethecommunityhasbeenanditmaybegoingifexistingtrends C HANGE P ROPOSALS fi ve years andanupdateeverytenyears. (I F Z ONING A DOPTED ) fi rst

Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 3 |

Chapter 1: Introduction cient to demonstrate consistency with the cient to demonstrate consistency fi ces and apartments are less intensive uses and are generally apartments are less intensive uses ces and fi cantly different intensity than the future land use designation, intensity than the future cantly different fi ces or apartments would be generally consistent with the future land consistent with the future land ces or apartments would be generally fi ONTROLS C nd the proposed land use change to be inconsistent with the Comprehensive nd the proposed land use change to be inconsistent with SE U es permitted land uses and development standards relating to the intensity of the fi AND L OR The overall intent of the comprehensive plan is followed. The overall intent of the comprehensive the adverse impact of The proposal does not substantially violate the applicable guideline or the proposal on the community is minimal or nonexistent. the proposal into All feasible and practical methods have been exhausted for bringing consistency with the applicable guideline. F cient reason to fi a) b) c) If the proposed land use is not consistent with the future land use designation, consistency with all If the proposed land use is not consistent may be suf applicable development review guidelines comprehensive plan. of a guideline, it may be considered consistent with the If the proposed land use is in violation comprehensive plan when: OUNDATION F 1) 2) Consistency with Future Land Use Map (Test 1) Land Use Map (Test with Future Consistency Consistency with Development Review Guidelines (Test 2) (Test Development Review Guidelines Consistency with Tests Exceptions to General Consistency parking space requirements, signing oor area to lot area ratios, yard requirements, height restrictions, off-street a. land use use than the future intensity land or lesser change is of a comparable land use If the proposed land use designation. consistent with the future land use change may be considered designation, the proposed For example, a land use change to of For example, a land commercial use because of use designation for commercial zoning districts. permitted uses in use change is of a signi If the proposed land may seek an designation. In such cases, the applicant not comply with the future land use the proposal may to support the future the development review guidelines future land use designation using amendment to the land use map amendment. b. future land use designation, but does not comply with all applicable If the proposal is consistent with the rezoning applicant should identify mitigative actions to bring the development development review guidelines, the or development review guidelines. For a zoning district map amendment proposal into compliance with the be consistent with the comprehensive plan, it should normally be consistent future land use map amendment to guidelines. with applicable development review c. land use designation or violation of any applicable guideline will typically Lack of consistency with the future constitute suffi including: there may be exceptions to this rule Plan. However, use. Development standards encompass such features as minimum lot size, housing unit density, lot coverage, size, housing unit density, use. Development standards encompass such features as minimum lot fl The City of a zoning ordinance. limitations and landscaping requirements. Daviess County has never adopted is the only jurisdiction in the county with a zoning ordinance. Washington development ordinance is usually a special zoning district designation that permits the mixture planned unit A and deviation from usual development of uses (which normally fall in multiple zoning district designations) Adoption of the comprehensive plan is a prerequisite to the adoption of land use controls such as a zoning Adoption of the comprehensive plan is a prerequisite to the adoption subdivision control ordinance, ordinance, planned unit development ordinance, condominium control ordinance, and thoroughfare ordinance by the local legislative bodies. identi zoning ordinance A 2. 4 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan protection. (including parkandrecreationfacilities),economicdevelopment, historicpreservation,andnaturalenvironment private resourcesbecausetheplandocumentsneeds relativetocommunityinfrastructure,facilities Finally, thecomprehensiveplanisaresourceandfoundationforfundinggrantsfrom Federal,State,and of theproposedchangeinzoningtopermitnewuse. (if adopted)designationoftheproperty, thelanduseplanwillbeconsideredindetermining theappropriateness property anddetermineifthenewuseispermitted.If theproposeduseisnotpermittedbycurrentzoning to usetheirlandinanewway, theyneedtoidentifythecurrentzoningdistrictdesignation (ifany)fortheir improvements tothecommunity. Ofgreatestsignifi The comprehensiveplanhasnumerousotherusesgoverningpublicandprivatedecisionsconcerningphysical 4. plan. programs usuallydrawprojectsfromthelong-rangecapitalimprovementprogramde waterline, anddrainageimprovementstosupportdevelopment. Annual orshort-rangecapitalimprovement comprehensive planprovidesguidanceonthelong-termlocationandphasingofroadway, sanitarysewer, land usepatternmustbeassociatedwithinfrastructureimprovementstosustaindevelopment. Thus, the The comprehensiveplanmayalsoserveastheframeworkforlocalcapitalimprovementprograms. The future 3. adopted asathoroughfareplan,iftheydesire. Daviess Countythathaseveradoptedacomprehensiveplan. The transportationelementoftheirplanmaybe when subdivisionsarecreatedorlandisdevelopedabuttingarterials.Washington istheonlycommunityin plan iscrucialtothepreservationofright-of-wayanddesignationconsistentdesignstandardsforarterials The transportationelementofthecomprehensiveplanmaybeadoptedasathoroughfareplan. The thoroughfare of Washington istheonlyjurisdictionincountywithasubdivisioncontrolordinance. improperly constructedfacilities.DaviessCountyhasneveradoptedasubdivisioncontrolordinance. The City the useofpropertyandtoprotectcommunityfromexcessivemaintenancecostsassociatedwith drainage facilities. They areintendedtoprotectthepropertyownerfrominadequateservicesessential generally coverthedesignofphysicalimprovementstolandsuchasroads,sanitarysewers,waterlinesand and thedivisionoftractswherepublicinfrastructureimprovementsarenotneeded.Subdivisionregulations Exceptions fromtherulesareoftenestablishedforlandtrades,divisionoftractsagriculturalpurposes A subdivisioncontrolordinanceestablishes rulesunderwhichpropertyownersmaydividetractsofland. County intheimmediatefuture. condominium controlordinancesinDaviessCounty. This typeofordinancemaynotbeneededinDaviess often defi A condominiumcontrolordinancemaybe used tocontrolthedevelopmentofcondominiumtypeprojects.It a plannedunitdevelopmentdistrictinitszoningordinance. ordinance. DaviessCountydoesnothaveaplannedunitdevelopment The CityofWashington has standards. The planned unit developmentordinanceisusuallyaspecialdistrictwhichpartofthezoning Chapter 1:Introduction O B ASIS THER nes thearrangementofhorizontalandverticalpropertyrightsinsuchdevelopments. There areno F U OR SES C APITAL I MPROVEMENT P ROGRAMS cance, itguidesprivatelandowners.Ifownerswant fi ned bythelanduse

Chapter 2: Community Setting Daviess County Comprehensive Plan

A. LOCATION

Daviess County is located in southwest Indiana. It is bordered by fi ve Indiana counties, including Greene, Knox, Martin, Pike, and Dubois. The county covers total area of 437 square miles of which 431 square miles is land and six square miles is water according to U.S. Census Bureau. There are seven incorporated communities in Daviess County, including Alfordsville, Cannelburg, Elnora, Montgomery, Odon, Plainville and Washington. Washington is the county seat of Daviess County. Figure 1 shows the location of Daviess County and the County’s incorporated communities.

Daviess County’s population was 30,035 persons in 2007 according to U.S. Census estimates. This is a slight increase from the 29,899 persons estimated for 2006 and the 29,820 persons estimated for the year 2000. Washington is the largest of the seven incorporated communities in Daviess County and had an estimated population of 11,367 persons in 2007 (11,380 persons in 2000). Census estimates from 2007 for the other communities include Odon with 1,386 persons (1,376 persons in 2000), Elnora with 725 persons (721 persons in 2000), Plainville with 515 persons (513 persons in 2000), Montgomery with 371 persons (368 persons in 2000), Cannelburg with 156 persons (140 persons in 2000) and Alfordsville with 114 persons (112 persons in 2000). Figure 2 shows major points of interest in Daviess County, including parks and recreational areas, schools, churches and cemeteries. (Figure 29 is a larger scale map showing schools, churches and recreational areas with specifi c names and locations.)

B. HISTORIC

1. HISTORY OF DAVIESS COUNTY

Daviess County was established in 1816 and was originally part of Knox County. The county was named after Colonel John Hamilton Daviess, a distinguished lawyer who died during the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811. In 1817, Liverpool (now Washington) was named as the county seat. Prior to the County’s creation, the area was primarily wilderness and used by Indians and trappers. Early Daviess land owners belonged to the French settlement in Vincennes, however it is believed that very few of these French families actually settled in the county. Much of this land was sold to others to be farmed and developed.

In the mid 1800’s, the Wabash and Erie Canal began construction, crossing the county from in Veale Township and ending in Elmore Township. The canal brought many Irish immigrant workers to the area causing a population boom along with the creation of Elnora, Maysville and Plainville. As the canal’s construction came to the end, and the Ohio and Mississippi Railway began construction near Washington, bituminous coal was discovered fueling yet another economic boom to the area. The various forms of mining practices have made a signifi cant impact on the eastern Daviess County landscape.

Another important aspect in Daviess County history is the arrival of the Mennonites in 1886. Originally settling in Bogard Township, the group has grown in population and can also be found in Barr, Van Buren and Madison Townships. There are three categories of Mennonites: Conservative Mennonites, General Conference Mennonites and Amish Mennonites. The Amish are easily recognizable in the community and have contributed to the Daviess County economy by providing agricultural and craft goods as well as increasing tourism opportunities in the region.

2. HISTORIC STRUCTURES

The Indiana Department of Natural Resources and Historic Landmarks Foundation of Indiana have jointly conducted historic structure inventories throughout the state. This effort identifi es historic districts, buildings, structures, sites and objects for inclusion in state-wide historic preservation and documents properties potentially eligible for the National Register of Historic Places or the Indiana State Register of Historic Sites and Structures. The Daviess County Interim Report identifi es 700 historic properties throughout the county which are considered worthy of historic preservation. (The historic properties count is based on the 1987 Daviess County Interim Report).

Chapter 2: Community Setting | 5 6 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2:Community Setting ¨¦ § 164 ¨¦ § ¨¦ § 70 74 ¨¦ § 65 ¨¦ § ¨¦ § 64 94 ¨¦ § 69 ¨¦ § 80 Figure 1: ¨¦ § 465 ¨¦ § 65 ¨¦ § ¨¦ § 69 90 ¨¦ § 74 Daviess CountyLocationMap ¨¦ § ¨¦ § 469 70 ¤ £ 50 « ¬ Washington 57 Vigo ¤ £ 150 « ¬ 358 « ¬ 57 Steele Veale Plainville « ¬ 57 Washington « ¬ 57 « ¬ 257 Elnora Harrison Bogard Elmore Montgomery « ¬ 58 Barr Cannelburg Odon Reeve Van Buren Van Madison Alfordsville ¤ £ 150 ¤ £ 50 ¤ £ 231 Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 7 | £ ¤ 231 î nm î æ æ î æ î Alfordsville î î nm î £ ¤ î 150 æ æ nm æ Odon æ æ æ î î î î î æ î 58 î æ ¬ « æ 50 £ ¤ Cannelburg æ æ æ æ æ î î î æ æ æ î î æ Chapter 2: Community Setting æ nm î î î æ î æ æ 57 æ Montgomery ¬ « æ æ î æ î î î nm æ æ î æ î î æ æ î î î î î î Elnora Points of Interest Points of î æ æ æ î î 257 ¬ « æ æ æ î æ î Miles 58 Figure 2: Figure 2: ¬ « æ æ î æ î î î æ î î Plainville 57 î î î ¬ « nm nm nm î nm nm nm î nm nm nm îî nm î î î nm nm nm nm nmnm nm îîî æ æ î æ î Washington nm î î î nm æ 358 ¬ « æ æ î î î î æ î æ 57 î æ ¬ « 50 £ ¤

nm 2 £ ¤ 150 Schools Cemeteries Churches Incorporated Areas

nm Points of Interest of Points nm æ nm î 048

! Ê nmnm nmnm nm 8 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Township. found inSteele,Veale, Washington andElmore Townships, andtheRobertC.GrahamHouseinWashington includes the Thomas C.SingletonRoundBarnlocated inVeale Township, theWabash andErieCanalsite structures, 83notablestructures and231contributingstructures.Someofthewell knownoutstandingstructures The other346historicstructures arescatteredthroughoutDaviessCounty. This includes 32outstanding category orhigher. There arethreenotablesitesandeightcontributing between MainStreetandWalnut Street. The districtincludes14properties,11 ofwhichareinthecontributing The structures andtwonotablestructures. Street. Elevenofthepropertiesareincontributing categoryorhigher. This includes and onlyincludessevenproperties. The districtislocatedneartheintersection ofNW17thStreetandVantrees The OhioandMississippiRailroadWashington RepairShopsHistoric District isthesmallestoffourdistricts sites. contributing categoryorhigher. The districthas30outstandingsites,14notablesitesand76contributing Historic Districtisthelargestoffourhistoricdistricts.Itincludes198structures,120whicharein the Street, HefronandMainStreetbetweenSecondNinthStreet. The Washington Residential The Washington ResidentialHistoricDistrictisprimarilylocatedalongWalnut Street,Vantrees Street,Flora contributing categoryorhigher. There are11 outstandingsites,22notablesitesand48contributingsites. Street betweenMadisonand5thStreet. The districtincludes135properties,81ofwhichareinthe Washington. The Washington CommercialHistoricDistrictisprimarilylocatedalongMainStreetandSouth There arefourhistoricdistrictslocatedinDaviessCounty. Three ofthesedistrictscanbefoundintheCity involving federalorstatefunds. Historic Preservation Act generallyprotectthesestructuresfromtheadverseimpactsofimprovementprojects applicable toallpropertiesinthejurisdiction.However, theNationalEnvironmentalPolicy Act andtheNational rehabilitation, reconstructionordemolitionofsuchpropertiesabovethezoningandbuildingcoderequirements are placedonalocal,StateorNationalRegisterofHistoricProperties,therenorestrictionsthe use, available forfederalandstateprogramstaxincentiveshistoricpreservation.Unlesstheseproperties The identi The DaviessCountyInterimReportplacespropertiesinto Cemetery. Jefferson ElementarySchool, PrairieCreekSite,theDr. John A. ScudderHouse,andOldUnionChurch properties includetheMagnusJ.CarnahanHouse, Thomas FaithHouse,theRobertC.Graham Places. There isalsoan archaeological siteintheHudsonvillearealistedonNationalRegister. The seven and onedistrict,theWashington CommercialHistoricDistrict,arelistedontheNationalRegisterof Of the700historicpropertiesandfourdistrictsconsideredforpreservation,seven Chapter 2:Community Setting 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. fi nal historicdistrict,theOdonHistoricDistrict,islocatedinalongSpringStreetandSouthOak Non-Contributing (NC)–sitesinhistoricdistrictsthatcreateanegativeimpact. These propertiesdonotmeetinventorycriteria. Reference (R)–siteinhistoricdistrictsthatareconsideredlaterorbadlyalteredpre-1940structures. These propertiesmaybeconsideredforacountyorlocalhistoricregisterprogram. historic district,butthepresentconditiondoesnotappeartomeetNationalorStatedesignationcriteria. Contributing (C)–contributestothedensity, continuityand/oruniquenessforthewholecountyor Structures (lacksnationalsigni Notable (N)–recommendedasapotentialnominationfortheIndianaRegisterofHistoricSitesand Places. Outstanding (O)–recommendedasapotentialnominationfortheNationalRegisterofHistoric fi cation ofpropertiesashistoricisprimarilyforinformationalpurposesandmakesthese fi cance). fi ve designationcategories: fi v outstanding ve

Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 9 |

les for fi Chapter 2: Community Setting elds for each soil unit using the digital elds for each soil unit using the digital fi (located in Greene County). Much of the section is forested (located in Greene County). Much oodplains with sand dunes along major river valleys. Almost all Almost oodplains with sand dunes along major river valleys. 1 2 ROWTH EATURES G F AND L OMMUNITY AND

C TO

ELATION OPOGRAPHY T NATURAL ENVIRONMENT NATURAL R Ratings for Septic Tank Absorption Fields Ratings for Septic Tank Terrain and Topography Terrain Agricultural Lands because the rugged topography is less conducive to agriculture. Figure 3 shows physiographic regions in less conducive to agriculture. Figure 3 shows physiographic regions because the rugged topography is Daviess County. b. for septic tank absorption Review of the engineering ratings The majority of the county is located in the Wabash Lowland, with a small portion in the northeast falling in the in the Wabash The majority of the county is located Crawford Upland. The major drainages, such as the about 500 feet above sea level. Lowland is a broad lowland The Wabash have extensive fl Fork of the White River, West coal Much of the land in this section is in agricultural use. Strip mines for of this section has been glaciated. are also common. This and makes up essentially the eastern half of Daviess County. The Crawford Upland is a scenic section with steep stream valleys. It is the presence of sandstone that accounts section is comprised of rugged hills are of 200 to 300 feet is common. Sinkholes, karst valleys, and caves for the relief in this section. Local relief section common in the eastern portion of the a. ranges from 380 feet above sea level to 610 feet above sea level. The elevation in Daviess County generally C. 1 Gray, H. 2000. Physiographic Divisions of Indiana. Indiana Geological Survey Special Report 61, Indiana University. Survey Special Report 61, Indiana University. H. 2000. Physiographic Divisions of Indiana. Indiana Geological 1 Gray, Accessed 09/02/08. http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/ Annual Statistical Bulletin. “County Highlights.” Indiana 2 USDA Indiana/Publications/Annual_Statistical_Bulletin/0607/pg106-115.pdf The natural setting of a community generally determines constraints to urban development. The natural constraints to urban development. of a community generally determines The natural setting economic of a community are an indicator of forested areas, etc.) resources, topography, resources (i.e., mineral others can hinder facilitate economic development, While some natural resources development opportunities. development. 2. 1. NRCS SSURGO soils, showed ratings of “somewhat limited” and “very limited” throughout the county. Figure of “somewhat limited” and “very limited” throughout the county. NRCS SSURGO soils, showed ratings the county. 4 shows the location of the ratings throughout c. The Agricultural Statistics District in Indiana. Daviess County is one of 12 counties that comprise the Southwest The 206,625 acres on 1,138 farms. 2002 census of agriculture data show farmland in this county encompassed County (84th in Indiana). Cash average value per acre for land and buildings in 2002 was $2,025 for Daviess receipts in 2005 totaled $137,733,000 (4th in Indiana) . soybeans, winter wheat, popcorn, and Agricultural commodities produced in Daviess County include corn, chickens. Daviess County Livestock production includes cattle (milk and beef), hogs, sheep, turkeys and hay. in popcorn wheat production, 11th ranked 24th in corn production, 45th in soybean production, 20th in winter in 2006. Daviess County ranked production, and 12th in hay production compared with other Indiana counties it ranked 7th for hogs, 16th for sheep, Additionally, 16th for beef cows and 25th for milk cows in January 2007. 16th for chickens and 2nd for turkeys in 2002. 10 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Wheatland Bicknell Chapter 2:Community Setting Physiographic Regions Physiographic

Petersburg WHITE RIVER Slopes WHITE RIVER, WEST FO and Slopes and Edwardsport Greater than 20% than Greater 20% 10% to RK ¤ £ 50 Corridor ¨¦ § 150 ¤ £ 69 « ¬ 57 358 Sandborn « ¬ Figure 3: Washington WHITE RIVER,FORK EAST « ¬ 57 Plainville Physiography ofDaviessCounty « ¬ 58 257 « ¬ « ¬ 57 150 ¤ £ Elnora 02468 ¤ £ 50 1 Montgomery « ¬ Wabash Lowland Wabash 58 Cannelburg Odon Alfordsville Upland Crawford Miles Loogootee 231 ¤ £ Ê Crane Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 11 | Ê Crane £ ¤ 231 Miles Loogootee Alfordsville Odon Cannelburg 58 ¬ « 1 Chapter 2: Community Setting Montgomery 50 £ ¤ 02468 £ ¤ 150 Elnora Septic Fields 57 ¬ « ¬ « 257 58 ¬ « Figure 4: Figure 4: Plainville 57 ¬ « WHITE RIVER, EAST EAST FORK RIVER, WHITE Washington Sandborn ¬ « 358 57 ¬ « £ ¤ 150 69 § ¨¦ Corridor

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IVER

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Somewhat limited limited Very HITE W Petersburg Dominant Rating Class forDominant Rating Absorption Fields Septic Tank Soils Bicknell Wheatland 12 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan common treespeciesfoundintheotherpartsofIndiana. cottonwood typetoalesserextent. The higher, drierportionsoftheunitprovidegrowingsitesformost Unit. The mostcommonforesttypesinthisunitaremaple-beechandoakhickoryfollowedbytheelm-ash- to moreaccuratelytrackchangesinforestsfromsurveysurvey. DaviessCountyiswithintheLowerWabash was dividedintofourforestsurveyunits. These unitshaveremainedconsistentthroughouttheyearsinorder As partoftheForestInventory Analysis bytheUnitedStatesDepartmentof Agriculture (USDA)in1950,Indiana d. prime farmlandsoilsarelocatedinthewesternhalfofcounty, neartheWhiteRiver. Figure 5showstheNRCSsoillayeranddifferent primefarmlandcategories.Moreoftheand that arefarmlandofstatewideimportance. and eitherprotectedfromfl fl 21,634 acres(eightpercent)consistofsoilsthatareprimefarmlandifprotectedfrom which allareasareprimefarmland;82,553acres(30percent)consistofsoilsthatfarmlandifdrained; According toNRCSsoilGISfi to identifyanykarstfeatures thatmayhavegoneunidenti the CrawfordUplandphysiographic regionisdescribedbyplentifulkarsttopography, andcareshouldbetaken No karsttopographyfeaturessuchascaves,sinkholes, orspringswereidenti e. Figure 6showsthelocationofforestedareasbased on theMRLCLandCoverGISdataforyear2001. Forest landisoftenpresentontopographywherethe landislessconducivetoagricultureanddevelopment. percent: willow, silvermaple/Americanelm,cherryash/yellow-poplar. 13 percentandyellow-popular/whiteoak/redoakis11 percent. All otherforesttypescomprisedlessthanten 40 percent.Cottonwoodconstitutes15Mixed uplandhardwoodswasthethirdmostabundanttypeat privately owned.MostoftheforesttypeinDaviessCounty iscomprisedofwhiteoak/redoak/hickorybirchat having 33,602acresofaccessibleforest(approximately11 percentoftotallandacres). All ofthisforestis In 2006,theUSDA ForestServiceInventoryand Analysis DataCentershowedDaviessCountyas Private Forestry, ForestService,UnitedStates Departmentof Agriculture. NA-TP-03-00,pp.17. 4 Tormoehlen, Barbara,JoeyGallion, and Thomas L.Schmidt. 2000.ForestsofIndiana: A 1998Overview. Northeastern and Area State m5566.html/ 3 USDA NaturalResources ConservationService.“De season oritisprotectedfromfl eroded orsaturatedwithwaterforlongperiodsoftime,anditeitherdoesnot salt orsodium,andfewnorocks.Itssoilsarepermeabletowaterair. Primefarmlandisnotexcessively favorable temperatureandgrowingseason,anacceptablelevelofacidityoralkalinity, anacceptablecontentof In general,primefarmlandhasanadequateanddependablewatersupplyfromprecipitationorirrigation,a high yieldsofcropsinaneconomicmanneriftreatedandmanagedaccordingtoacceptablefarmingmethods. has thecombinationofsoilproperties,growingseason,andmoisturesupplyneededtoproducesustained could becropland,pastureland,rangeland,forestlandorotherland,butnoturbanbuilt-upwater).”It for producingfood,feed,forage, Conservation Service(NRCS)as“landthathasthebestcombinationofphysicalandchemicalcharacteristics Prime farmlandisde area) offarmland. This includes grassland,pasture/hayandcultivatedland. Systems (GIS)datafortheyear2001,DaviessCountyiscomprisedof205,323acres(74percentcounty According toMulti-ResolutionLandCharacteristics(MRLC)ConsortiumCoverGeographicInformation ooded duringthegrowingseason;29,268acres (tenpercent)consistofsoilsthatareprimefarmlandifdrained Chapter 2:Community Setting Forest Lands Karst Topography fi ned bytheUnitedStatesDepartmentof Agriculture (USDA),NaturalResources ooding ornotfrequently les forDaviessCounty, 51,036acres(18percent)ofthecountyconsistsoilsin ooding fi ber, andoilseedcrops,thatisavailablefortheseuses (i.e.,landthat 3 . fi nitions.” Accessed 6/11/07. /http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/technical/NRI/maps/meta/ fl ooded duringthegrowingseason;and therearenosoils 4

fi ed bepreliminaryreviewofthe area. fl ood frequentlyduringthegrowing fi ed inDaviess County. However, fl ooding ornotfrequently

Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 13 | Crane Ê £ ¤ 231 Loogootee Miles Alfordsville Odon Cannelburg 58 ¬ « Chapter 2: Community Setting Montgomery 1 50 £ ¤ 02468 Elnora £ ¤ 150 57 ¬ « Prime Farmland ¬ « 257 58 ¬ « Figure 5: Figure 5: Plainville 57 ¬ « WHITE RIVER, EAST FORK Washington Sandborn ¬ « 358 57 ¬ « 69 § ¨¦ £ ¤ 150 Corridor 50 £ ¤

Edwardsport

WHITE RIVER, WEST FORK WEST RIVER, WHITE Prime farmland if drained and either protected from protected and either drained if farmland Prime season the growing during flooded or not frequently flooding RIVER WHITE Not prime farmland prime Not farmland prime are areas All drained if farmland Prime from flooding protected if farmland Prime season the growing during flooded not frequently or Petersburg Prime Farmland Bicknell Wheatland 14 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Wheatland Chapter 2:Community Setting Bicknell Forest Areas Forest Petersburg

WHITE RI Forestland VER, WEST FORK Edwardsport ¤ £ 50 Corridor « ¬ 57 ¨¦ § 150 ¤ £ 69 358 « ¬ Sandborn Washington WHITE RIVER,FORK EAST « ¬ 57 Plainville Figure 6: « ¬ 58 257 « ¬ « ¬ 57 Forested Areas Elnora 150 ¤ £ 02468 1 ¤ £ Montgomery 50 « ¬ 58 Cannelburg Odon Alfordsville Miles Loogootee 231 ¤ £ Ê Crane Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 15

| elds and wells in Daviess elds and wells in fi ce of Indiana State Chemist, Open- ce of Indiana fi les/daviess_bedrock.pdf fi Chapter 2: Community Setting elds located throughout Daviess County. There are also Daviess County. elds located throughout fi Daviess County has three hydrogeologic settings: Bottomlands, the Daviess County has three hydrogeologic eming.cfm 5 fl ed in several ways, most of which revolve around some combination of: ed in several ways, most of which revolve The table shows that the majority of available ground water is associated with The table 6 ned and classifi nitions and characteristics of these areas are available from the Atlas of Hydrogeologic Terrains Terrains Atlas of Hydrogeologic of these areas are available from the nitions and characteristics fi EATURES

7 F ATER W Ground Water Availability Ground Water Ground Water Resources Ground Water Hydrogeologic Settings Mineral Resources Aquifers Bedrock Southwestern Glaciated Region, and the South-Central Driftless Area. Within each setting, is a number of the South-Central Driftless Southwestern Glaciated Region, and listed below and shown in Figure 8. More detailed information The terrains in Daviess County are terrains. regarding the de Final Report to the Of Survey, and Settings of Indiana, Indiana Geological File Report 95-7. (IGS OFR 95-7). ii. 1 is a subset of a statewide map available Table The generalized table of ground water availability presented in from IDNR, Division of water. Settings can be defi geologic terrain; physical properties of constituent rocks and sediments; the internal and external structure of in hydraulic regime. and differences a. i. represents a basis for classifying and describing the relationships The concept of hydrogeologic settings hydrogeologic settings provide terrains it occurs within. More precisely, between ground water and the geologic the occurrence, movement, and sensitivity to contamination of ground a conceptual model to help interpret heterogeneity in the surface and subsurface environment. water in relation to the nature of hydrogeologic hundreds of petroleum wells in the county. Figure 7 shows the location of petroleum Figure 7 shows the location wells in the county. hundreds of petroleum and historic coal mines. as well as active, permitted, County, f. mine The active coal mined. permitted to be and two areas coal mine south County has one active Daviess a The two areas that have Daviess County. Cannelburg and Montgomery in southeastern is located south of of Montgomery and One area is located to the northwest are not currently being mined. permit for coal mining are several areas in In addition to these mines, there along US 231 to the east of Odon. the other is located areas were surface past. Most of these previously mined that have been mined in the eastern Daviess County few areas where underground mines There are also a Cannelburg and Montgomery. mines located around of with a few to the south and Montgomery, are also primarily around Cannelburg These existed in the past. Washington. mines, there are several oil and gas In addition to coal 6 Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water. Groundwater Availability. Accessed 09/14/08. http://www.in.gov/dnr/ Availability. Groundwater 6 Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water. water/7181.htm Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water, Aquifer Systems”, Indiana C. 2003. Map: “Daviess County Bedrock 7 Herring, W. Accessed 9/05/08. http://www.in.gov/dnr/water/ Assessment Section. Resource 5 Indiana Geological Survey. Excerpts from Atlas of hydrogeologic terrains and settings of Indiana. Accessed 09/14/08. http://igs.indiana. Atlas of hydrogeologic terrains and settings of Indiana. Excerpts from 5 Indiana Geological Survey. edu/survey/projects/pesticides/pest/pest.html/ 3. the branches of the White River. iii. in reports from the Indiana Department More detailed information about Daviess County aquifers are available Aquifer Systems” and “Unconsolidated titled “Daviess County Bedrock of Natural Resources, Division of Water, August 2003 (http://www.in.gov/dnr/water/7893. Aquifer Systems of Daviess County” by William C. Herring, htm). iv. In Daviess County, rock types exposed at the bedrock surface range from relatively unproductive shales to rock types exposed at the bedrock surface range from relatively In Daviess County, 16 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Wheatland Bicknell Chapter 2:Community Setting Historic CoalMines Historic Petersburg ! Surface Mines Surface Mines Underground Mines Coal Permitted and Active Petroleum Fields Mineral Resources Petroleum Wells Edwardsport ¤ £ 50 Corridor 150 ¤ £ ¨¦ § 69 « ¬ 57 358 « ¬ Sandborn Washington « ¬ 57 Plainville Figure 7: « ¬ 58 Mineral Resources 257 « ¬ « ¬ 57 02468 Elnora 150 ¤ £ 1 ¤ £ 50 Montgomery « ¬ 58 Cannelburg Odon Alfordsville Miles Loogootee 231 ¤ £ Ê Crane Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 17 | Crane Ê £ ¤ 231 Loogootee Miles SOUTH-CENTRAL SOUTH-CENTRAL DRIFTLESS AREA: Crawford Upland Alfordsville SOUTHWESTERN SOUTHWESTERN REGION: GLACIATED bodies outwash Upland SOUTHWESTERN REGION: GLACIATED Patchytill on highly dissected bedrock upland along glacial margin Odon Cannelburg WHITE RIVER, EAST EAST FORK RIVER, WHITE 58 ¬ « 50 Montgomery 1 £ ¤ Chapter 2: Community Setting 02468 £ ¤ 150 Elnora SOUTHWESTERN REGION: GLACIATED Rolling loess hills 57 BOTTOMLAND: BOTTOMLAND: Late Wisconsin slackwaterbasins lake ¬ « ¬ « 257 58 ¬ « Hydrogeologic Settings Hydrogeologic BOTTOMLAND: Prairie Creek basin Plainville 57 ¬ « Figure 8: Figure 8: Washington Sandborn ¬ « 358 BOTTOMLAND: BOTTOMLAND: Bedrock-walled sluiceway of the East Fork £ ¤ 150 57 ¬ « BOTTOMLAND: Lower Alluvial Valley of the West Fork 50

£ ¤

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Edwardsport WHITE R WHITE Hydrogeologic Settings Hydrogeologic Petersburg Bicknell Wheatland 18 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Indiana DepartmentofEnvironmental Management(IDEM)keepsaDrinking Water FacilitiesDatabase. vi. is notverysusceptibletocontaminationfromsurface sources. but theiryieldswouldalsobequitelow. Becauseofthelowpermeabilitysurfacematerials, thissystem county. The potentialforsuccessfulwellsinthisaquifersystemislow. Someolddugwellsprobablystillexist, The leastproductiveaquifersystemistheDissected Till andResiduumthatencompassesalmost halfofthe to surfacecontamination. clay layers. Areas withinthesystemthatareoverlainbythicklayersofclayorsiltmoderately susceptible for large-diameterwells. This aquifersystemishighlysusceptibletocontamination inareasthatlackoverlying boundary ofthecounty. Expectedyieldsfromthissystemrangeabout300to1500 gallonsperminute Outwash Aquifer Systemwithitsextensivesandandgraveldepositsthatoccuralongthewestern andsouthern The mostproductiveunconsolidatedaquifersysteminDaviessCountyistheWhiteRiverand Tributaries system boundaries. of sometheseaquifersystemsareinplacesgradational,andindividualaquifersmayextendacross Backwater Deposits Aquifer Systemweredepositedby eroded residuum(aproductofbedrockweathering).However, somesedimentsinthe Alluvial, Lacustrine,and aquifer systemscomprisesedimentsthatweredepositedprimarilybyglaciersandtheirmeltwaters,orare thin, the WhiteRiverand Tributaries OutwashSubsystem;andtheCoalMineSpoil. The Alluvial, Lacustrine,andBackwaterDeposits;thePre-WisconsinDrift;WhiteRiver Tributaries Outwash; Six unconsolidatedaquifersystemshavebeenmappedinDaviessCounty:theDissected Till andResiduum;the Accessed 09/07/08. http://www.in.gov/apps/idem/sdwis_state/ 9 IndianaDepartment ofEnvironmentalManagement. DrinkingWater Branch,SDWIS Ver. 1.1, DrinkingWater FacilityDatabase. Resource Assessment Section. Accessed 9/05/08.http://www.in.gov/dnr/water/ 8 Herring,W. C.2003. Map:“Unconsolidated Aquifers ofDaviessCounty”,Indiana DepartmentofNaturalResources,DivisionWater, v. as thestratadipbeneathyoungerrockstosouthwest. Natural waterqualityisexpectedtogetprogressivelyworse(moresalty)inwellsdeeperthan300or400 feet the limitedareasofsurfaceandundergroundcoalmining,somelocalizedcontaminationmayhaveoccurred. because ofthetypicalpresencelow-permeabilitymaterialsabovewater-bearingzones.However, in The bedrockaquifersystemsinDaviessCountyarenotverysusceptibletocontaminationfromthelandsurface impractical. These wellsaretypicallyopentobothaquifersystems,aconditionthatmakesseparatedescriptionsofyields along theeasternedgeofcountypenetratethroughRaccoonCreekGroupandintothisaquifersystem. The MississippianbedrockaquifersystemdoesnotoutcropinDaviessCounty. However, somedeeperwells in bothgroups. in theCarbondaleGrouphavereportedtestingratesbetweentwoand15gpm.Dryholesbeen domestic wellsandwellyieldsupto50gpmforhigh-capacityfacilitiesinisolatedareas.Most than theCarbondaleGroup,havingreportedwellyieldsbetweenfourand30gallonsperminute(gpm)formost Formation intheRaccoonCreekGroup.Overall,Grouphassomewhatbetterpotential with mostwellsproducingfromthickersandstonesorcoalunitsintheCarbondaleGroupMans Carbondale andtheRaccoonCreekGroupsinDaviessCountyareconsideredminorground-watersources, Aquifers containedwithinthePennsylvanianagebedrockhavegenerallylow-yieldingcapability. Boththe of Pennsylvanianage;andBuffalo Wallow, Stephensport,andWest BadenGroupsofMississippianage. are, fromwesttoeastandyoungestoldest:CarbondaleGroupofPennsylvanianage;RaccoonCreek deposits ofvaryingthickness. Three bedrockaquifersystemsareidenti moderately productivesandstones. The bedrockaquifersystemsinthecountyareoverlainbyunconsolidated Chapter 2:Community Setting Wells andWellhead Protection Unconsolidated Aquifers 8

fl owing waternotoriginatingfromglaciers.Boundaries fi les/daviess_unconsolidated.pdf fi ed basedonbedrocklithology. They fi rst fi ve unconsolidated ve 9 fi A eld Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 19 | 1 well 1 well 1 well 1 well Works 3 wells Source 2 wells Utilities Dubois Water Washington Water 400 5900 Served Population Chapter 2: Community Setting cant water withdrawal facilities for both surface Purchased Purchased Water Type Ground Water Surface Water Primary Source cant Water Withdrawal Facility Data. Accessed 09/14/08. http:// Withdrawal Facility Data. cant Water Signifi fi 11 Active Ground Water 25 Active Ground Water 48 Active Ground WaterActive Ground Water 41 32 Ground Water Availability Water Ground xed 3,000-foot radius.

fi Type Status Non- Non- Non- Non- Non- 12 Transient Community Active Ground Water 1376 Community Active Ground Water 13900 14 wells Community Active Community Active Community Active Ground Water 645 Community Community Community Community Active Water Ground 721 2 wells Table 1: Table Name Water System Oak Amish Ridge School WaterOdon Utilities, Inc. Plainville First United Church Methodist Tri Glove Star Washington Water Works Alfordsville Water Utility County Daviess WaterRural WaterElnora Works Plus Energy WaterMontgomery Works Records for three public water supply systems in Daviess County were found in accessible Records for three public water supply 10 cant Ground-water Withdrawal Facilities in Daviess County, Indiana. Accessed 09/07/08. http://www.in.gov/dnr/water/ Indiana. Daviess County, cant Ground-water Withdrawal Facilities in fi No. Water System IN2140001 IN2140001 IN2140011 IN5214007 IN2140037 IN2140037 IN5214004 IN2140007 IN5214005 IN5214002 IN5214002 IN5214003 IN5214001 IN5214001 cant ground water withdrawal facilities, those with capability to pump more than 100,000 gallons per day, cant ground water withdrawal facilities, those with capability to pump more than 100,000 gallons per day, fi les/daviess_highcap_table.pdf and ground water are shown in Figure 10. in Daviess County are listed and described in Table 2. Table in Daviess County are listed and described in data spreadsheets. They were Tri-Star Glove, with a moderately-high risk for contamination, and Energy Plus Glove, with a moderately-high Tri-Star They were data spreadsheets. for contamination. Amish School, both with high risk and Oak Ridge Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water water well records database was obtained from A Wells records for 2390 ground water wells in Daviess County. The database contained on January 15, 2008. rate range between 0.5 gpm to 1800 which had completed records for pumping rates showed a pumping The count of size by pumping rate. gpm. With an average of 46.5 gpm, Figure 9 shows the wells in graduated wells with wells with 14 – 30 gpm, 113 pumping rate classes is as follows: 399 wells with 0.5 – 13.3 gpm, 264 and 19 wells with 320 – 1800 gpm. 30 – 60 gpm, 26 wells with 60 – 135 gpm, ten wells with 135 – 320 gpm Signi 10 Indiana Department of Environmental Management. Source Water Assessment Program. Accessed 09/07/08. http://www.in.gov/ Program. Assessment 10 Indiana Department of Environmental Management. Source Water idem/4288.htm Registered Signi 11 fi Signi 12 Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water. www.in.gov/dnr/water/8542 search of the database for Daviess County returned ten active facilities and 25 inactive facilities. The records County returned ten active facilities and 25 inactive facilities. search of the database for Daviess 1. Table of the active facilities are shown in program in order to provide information to public water suppliers IDEM has created a source water assessment water and the degree to which it may be susceptible to various sources regarding the source of their drinking of contamination. Wellhead protection areas are associated with public water supply wells. A wellhead protection area is A protection areas are associated with public water supply wells. Wellhead well, through which contaminants are the surface and subsurface area surrounding a public water supply protection areas are delineated in order to reasonably likely to move toward and reach the well. Wellhead may have a protection areas Wellhead prevent the contamination of ground water used as drinking water. detailed delineation and unique shape or a 20 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan IDEM providesaWellhead ProtectionProgram Tracking Database. the areasaroundtheirwellheads. All Phase Iplanswererequiredtocontain,ataminimumthefollowing: All communitywatersystemswererequiredtodevelopaplan,commonlyreferredasPhaseIprotect to reportIDEMhowtheyhaveprotectedgroundwaterresources. the WHPA. PhaseIIinvolvestheimplementationofplancreatedinI,andcommunitiesarerequired (WHPA), identifyingpotentialsourcesofcontamination,andcreatingmanagementcontingencyplansfor Protection Programsconsistsoftwophases.PhaseIinvolvesthedelineationaWellhead Protection Area Rule (327IAC8.4-1)mandatesawellheadprogramforallCommunityPublicWater Systems. The Wellhead ground waterdrinkingsuppliesfrompollution. The SafeDrinkingWater Act andtheIndianaWellhead Protection in.gov/serv/idem_groundwater. 14 IndianaDepartmentofEnvironmental Management.Wellhead ProtectionProgram Tracking Database. Accessed 09/08/08.http://www. htm#proxdet 13 IndianaDepartmentofEnvironmental Management.Wellhead ProtectionProgram. Accessed 09/08/08.http://www.in.gov/idem/4289. The IDEMGroundWater SectionadministerstheWellhead ProtectionProgram Rivers, streams,andcreeksareallnamesofwater A watershedistheareaoflandwhereallwaterthatunderitordrainsoff ofitgoesintothesameplace. b. of thisdatabaseforDaviessCountyareshownin Table 3. on thestatusofCommunityPublicWater SupplySystems’ Wellhead ProtectionPlans.Resultsfromasearch Quality Monitoringand Assessment ReportthatwillsatisfyCWA requirements forboththeSection305(b) has releasedguidancerecommendingthatstates,territories, andauthorizedtribessubmitanIntegratedWater are requiredtoestablishtotalmaximumdailyloads(TMDLs) tomeetthestateWQS.Inaddition,USEPA not meettheState’s Water QualityStandards(WQS)fordesignateduses.Fortheseimpaired waters, states Section 303(d)ofthe1972FederalCleanWater Act (CWA) requireseachstatetoidentifythosewatersthatdo areas arelistedin Table 4. website, http://www.in.gov/dnr/water/8722.htm. A mapofIndianastreams isshowninFigure12anddrainage produced bytheIndianaDepartmentofNaturalResources, DivisionofWater. The documentisavailableatthe The drainageareasofthestreamsinDaviessCounty ispresentedinDrainage Areas ofIndiana Streams 11 showsthe8-digitwatersheds,streams,and100-year acres locatedintheGlendaleFishandWildlife Area, andWest BoggsLake,517acresborderingapark.Figure the borderingriversareperennialstreams. There aretwolargelakesinDaviessCounty, DogwoodLake,1237 Daviess Countyhasapproximately795milesofstreamsandwaterways.Ofthese,250miles,notincluding East ForkoftheWhiteRiverinclude: Aikman Creek,CampMudSugarandSlateCreek. Grindstone Branch,SmothersCreek,PrairieHawkinsandVeale Creek.Largertributariestothe the EastForkofWhiteRiveronsouth.LargertributariestoWest ForkoftheWhiteRiverinclude: (05120208). The countyisborderedbytwomajorrivers,theWest ForkoftheWhiteRiveronwestand Daviess Countyislocatedwithintwo8-digitwatersheds:LowerWhite(05120202)andEastFork particular watershed. Chapter 2:Community Setting Streams andFloodplains • • • • • Development ofaContingencyPlan Development ofaManagementPlanforPotentialContaminantSources Identifi Delineation oftheWellhead Protection Area Establishment ofaLocalPlanning Team cation andInventoryofPotentialContaminantSources fl owing ontheearth’s surface. The fl oodplains withinDaviessCounty. 14 This databaseprovidestrackinginformation 13 , whichisastrategytoprotect fl owing waterdrainsa

Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 21 | ! ! ! ! ! ! Crane ! ! Ê ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! £ ¤ ! 231 !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Loogootee ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Miles ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! !!!!! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Alfordsville ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Odon ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! Cannelburg ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 58 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ¬ « ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Chapter 2: Community Setting ! ! ! ! ! Montgomery ! 1 ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 50 ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! £ ¤ ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 02468 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Elnora ! £ ¤ 150 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 57 ! ¬ « ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ¬ « ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! 257 !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 58 ¬ « ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Ground Water Wells Water Ground ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Plainville ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Figure 9: Figure 9: ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 57 ! ! ! !! ! ! ¬ « ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! WHITE RIVER, EAST FORK ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! Washington ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Sandborn ! ! ¬ « ! ! ! ! ! ! 358 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! 57 ¬ « £ ¤ 150 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 69 ! § ¨¦ ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Corridor ! ! !! ! !

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80.0000 - 135.0000 200.0000 - 320.0000 754.0000 - 1800.0000 pumping recordNo 0.5000 - 13.3000 15.0000 - 30.0000 33.0000 - 60.0000 WHITE RIVER WHITE Petersburg ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Groundwater Wells RATE PUMP Bicknell Wheatland 22 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2:Community Setting Table 2: Registered Signifi cant Water Withdrawal Facilities Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 23 | Crane Ê £ ¤ 231 Loogootee Miles Alfordsville Odon # # # # # # # Cannelburg # # 58 ¬ « # Chapter 2: Community Setting 1 Montgomery 50 £ ¤ ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . 02468 £ ¤ 150 Elnora 57 ¬ « cant Water Withdrawal cant Water ¬ « 257 fi 58 ¬ « ! . ! . Signi # Plainville 57 ¬ « Washington WHITE RIVER, EAST EAST FORK RIVER, WHITE ! . ! . Figure 10: Figure 10: ¬ « 358 ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . Sandborn ! . ! . 57 ! . ¬ « ! . ! . £ ¤ 150 ! . ! . # # ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! .

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! . # # # Significant Withdrawl Facilities Significant Withdrawl Bicknell Wheatland 24 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2:Community Setting 5214003 5214007 5214005 5214004 WI ytmNm TrackingType System Name PWSID Table 3: Montgomery Water Water Montgomery Washington Water Elnora Water Water Elnora Utilities, Inc. Utilities, Odon Water Odon Water IDEM Wellhead Protection ProgramTracking Database Works Works Works FixRadUse FixRadDel FixRadDel RegLetter ModelDel ModelDel ModelDel ModelDel ModelDel ModelDel ModelDel ModelDel ModelDel ModelDel ModelDel Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Phase1 Tracking Action Action Date Action Tracking Action prvd10/18/2002 Approved prvd12/10/1999 Approved prvd9/23/2002 Approved prvd11/27/2000 Approved 9/17/2001 Approved prvd10/18/2002 Approved Approved Approved Approved Resubmit eumt11/10/2003 Resubmit 1/31/2002 Resubmit 10/10/2003 Resubmit eund8/14/2002 Returned Returned 2/27/2001 Returned Returned eund8/12/2003 Returned Review Review Review Review Review Review eiw11/20/2003 Review Review Review Review Review Submit Submit Submit Submit Submit Submit Submit Submit 12/10/1999 1/28/2002 3/28/2002 6/28/1999 4/26/2007 9/21/2000 1/16/2000 1/28/2002 3/28/2001 6/27/2000 3/28/2002 7/28/2002 7/31/2001 2/26/2001 11/6/2002 8/5/2002 2/6/2002 9/4/2002 2/4/2002 3/4/2004 8/1/2001 3/4/2002 5/9/2003 2/2/2004 Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 25

| ood fl oodplain. fl cant fi E. coli as well as

18 sh, wildlife, historic values. fi In 1997, the West Fork of the White In 1997, the West 17 Chapter 2: Community Setting sh tissues. A portion of the West Fork is also listed the West portion of A sh tissues. fi

16 15 Black Creek and some of its ditches are listed for E. coli. Black Creek and sh tissues. Sections of the West Fork of the White River including from Elnora Fork of the White River including of the West sh tissues. Sections lters, nurseries, and are major centers of biological life in the river or stream ecosystem. lters, nurseries, and are major centers oodplains in Daviess County are associated with the West Fork of the White River and the East Fork of Fork of the White River and in Daviess County are associated with the West oodplains sh, and plants. They are vital biologically because they represent areas where many species reproduce because they represent areas where many species reproduce They are vital biologically sh, and plants. fl fi ooding, and problems with ground water contamination can severely restrict or prohibit development within a oodplain. River was listed as one of the United States’ most threatened rivers due to the use of pesticides, herbicides States’ River was listed as one of the United in the White River basin for farming crops such as corn and These are used extensively and insecticides. soybeans. environmental or aesthetic interest, a special listing help identify the rivers and streams that have particular To is of Outdoor Recreation of the Department of Natural Resources and has been prepared by the Division List for Indiana” by the Natural Resource Commission. Both the West published as the “Outstanding Rivers They are listed for being state heritage program are included in the list. Fork an East Fork of the White Rivers and being state designated canoe/boating routes. sites (outstanding ecological importance) Several streams and two lakes are listed as impaired on the Indiana Department of Environmental Management’s Management’s the Indiana Department of Environmental two lakes are listed as impaired on Several streams and Fork Prairie Creek is listed for mercury and the North impaired waters. Dogwood Lake 2008 303d list of Dam) is listed for Reservoir (Fisher basin is listed for The Eagan Ditch Creek Slough. Creek and Veale Hill Ditch, Lower Veale the Singer Ditch – Creek are listed River including areas upstream of Beech of the East Fork of the White nutrient loads. Sections found in fi for mercury and PCBs in listed for mercury and PCBs found to Black Creek are Creek are Creek, and sections of Prairie Hawkins Creek, North Fork Prairie community. for an impaired biotic biotic community. listed for an impaired 15 Indiana Department of Environmental Management. “Attachment 2: Indiana’s 2008 Consolidated Assessment and Listing 2008 Consolidated 15 Indiana Department of Environmental Management. “Attachment 2: Indiana’s Accessed 09/10/08. http://www.in.gov/idem/4680.htm Methodology (CALM). Accessed 09/10/08. http://www.in.gov/idem/4680. Approved 2008 303(d) list. 16 Indiana Department of Environmental Management. htm Accessed 09/10/08. http://www.nps.gov/ncrc/programs/rtca/ Segments. Indiana 17 National Park Service. Nationwide Rivers Inventory. nri/states/in.html Accessed 09/10/08. http://www. Natural Resources Commission. Information Bulletin #4. “Outstanding Rivers List”. 18 Indiana Register. in.gov/legislative/register/20070530-IR-312070287NRA.xml.pdf water quality report and Section 303(d) list of impaired waters. Indiana has integrated this guidance into the this guidance Indiana has integrated of impaired waters. 303(d) list report and Section water quality 2008 Consolidated “Indiana’s detailed in the document, methodology is This methodology. 303(d) listing IDEM’s and Listing Methodology.” Assessment The National Park Service has compiled and maintains the Nationwide Rivers Inventory (NRI). The NRI is and maintains the Nationwide Rivers Inventory (NRI). The National Park Service has compiled The for inclusion in the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System. a register of rivers that may be eligible to assist in making balanced decisions regarding use of the nation’s intent of the NRI is to provide information White River and the East Fork of the White River are listed in the Fork of the river resources. Both the West included on the NRI because of its These have been Nationwide Rivers List (NRI). Portions are also listed for scenery, recreation, and geologic values. recreation, Portions are also listed for scenery, buffers, water fi buffers, of water quality because they provide fresh water to wetlands Floodplains are also important for maintenance of and improve the overall health of the habitat used by many species and backwaters, dilute salts and nutrients, birds, insurance restrictions because of and are important for breeding and regeneration cycles. High water tables, fl fl Large Creek has a signi the White River along the counties western and southern borders. Prairie Aikman Creek, Slate Creek, Sugar Creek, Camp Creek, Mud Creek, Floodplains are also present for Veale Creek, and Smothers Creek. Floodplains are a vital part of a river’s or stream’s ecosystem. They are important because they act as Floodplains are a vital part of a river’s ecosystem. or stream’s 26 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2:Community Setting Wheatland Bicknell Streams andFloodplains Petersburg

WHITE RIVER Watersheds and Edwardsport WHITE RIVER, WEST FORK ¤ £ 50 Corridor 150 ¤ £ ¨¦ § 69 « ¬ 57 Figure 11: 358 « ¬ Sandborn Washington WHITE RIVER,FORK EAST « ¬ 57 Plainville Streams, FloodplainsandWatersheds « ¬ 58 257 « ¬ « ¬ 57 02468 Elnora 150 ¤ £ 1 Dogwood Lake Dogwood ¤ £ 50 Montgomery « ¬ 58 Lower White Lower Cannelburg 05120202 Odon West Boggs Lake Boggs West Alfordsville Lower East Fork White Miles 05120202 Loogootee 231 ¤ £ Ê Crane Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 27 | Chapter 2: Community Setting Streams and Drainage Areas and Drainage Streams Figure 12: Figure 12: http://www.in.gov/dnr/water/4936.htm 28 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan First CreekatU.S. 231 1 5PrairieCreek including HawesDitch atmouth HawesDitch 35 PrairieCreekaboveHawe 34 52.5 PrairieCreekincluding33 Killion Ditch 42.7 KillionCanalatmouth 32 6W PrairieCreekaboveKillio 31 3N 6W 30 3N 6 28 6 Montgomery 28 6W Montgomery 3N 27 Creek including S.FK.Prairie EaganDitch atmouth EaganDitch 26 3 Creekabove EaganDitch S.FK.Prairie 25 24 Montgomery 23 Dinken Creekatmouth CreekaboveDinken S.FK.Prairie Creek 22 21 20 FlatCreekatmouth 32.6 CreekaboveFlat S.FK.Prairie 19 6W 18 4N 17 24 16 Bethel Ditchatmouth N.FK.PrairieCreekaboveBe 15 13.8 14 Epsom 6W 13 Barnes Branch atmouth 5N N.FK.PrairieCreekaboveBarnes12 Branch 11 26 10 White Riverabove Prairie Creek White Riverincluding Bens Creek 9 White Riverabove BensCreek Epsom 8 White Riverincluding Pollard Ditch 7 6 5 Creekincluding Smothers KaneDitch atmouth Kane Ditch 4 CreekAbove Smothers KaneDitch 3 2 29 Chapter 2:Community Setting CO# Partial-Record Station (S.R.57) Station Partial-Record Prairie CreeknearWashington--USGS Creek S. FK.Prairie N. FK.PrairieCreekincluding N. FK.PrairieCreek Creekabove S. FK.Prairie Dinken Creek CreekincludingS. FK.Prairie Prairie Creek CreekincludingS. FK.Prairie Creek S. FK.Prairie N. FK.PrairieCreekabove Bethel Ditch N. FK.PrairieCreekincluding Branes Branch N. FK.PrairieCreekincluding SEI/4 SEC.16,T.4N.,R.5W. N. FK.PrairieCreekatbridge in (Armuth Ditch) White RiveraboveBlackCreek Stream andLocation aa ahntn93 W127 7W 3N 9 Washington n Canal ic ahntn1 N7 140 7W 3N 18 Washington s Ditch hlDthMngmr 94 W46.3 6W 4N 29 Montgomery thel Ditch Table 4: ahntn1 N7 9.14 7W 3N 18 Washington ahntn1 N7 150 7W 3N 18 Washington otoey33 W8.36 6W 3N 3 Montgomery 82.98 5011 7W 5N 31 Plainville ctad1 N5 29.2 5W 5N 12 Scotland ahntn13 W53.1 7W 3N 1 36.4 6W Washington 3N 19.7 3 6W Montgomery 3N 61.8 24 7W 53 3N Montgomery 6W 37.2 1 4N 6W Washington 4N 29 Montgomery 24 Epsom 84.74 4852 7W 4N 6 Plainville Odon ahntn23 W120 7W 115 3N 7W 3N 2 1 Washington Washington otoey63 W9.77 6W 3N 6 Montgomery ahntn93 W12 7W 3N 9 Washington 62.56 5080 7W 3N 30 Washington ahntn93 W139 7W 3N 9 Washington otoey2 N6 6.76 6W 4N 29 Montgomery 67.75 5071 8W 3N 0 Wheatland haln N8 0567.75 5065 8W 3N 0 Wheatland po 44 W4.66 6W 4N 24 Epsom po 65 W9.02 6W 5N 26 Epsom po 65 W4.82 6W 5N 26 Epsom otoey2 N6 5.27 6W 3N 24 Montgomery otoey2 N6 14.5 6W 3N 24 Montgomery Drainage Areas Quadra geSCTNRGDAE RMILE D AREA RNG TWN SEC ngle 64 W19.1 5W 4N 16 Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 29 | Chapter 2: Community Setting ngle SEC TWN RNG AREA D R MILE ootee 2 3N 5W 13.1 Quadra Loogootee 2 3N 5W 6.13 Alfordsville 22 1N 5W 5581 72.64 Alfordsville 9 1N 5WGlendale 6.79 2 1N 6W 6.55 Glendale 2 1N 6W 9.85 Sandy HookSandy 3 1N 7W 30.5 Glendale 16 1N 6W 5645 64.33 Washington 30 3N 7W 5232 62.56 Washington 62 3N 7W 5232 61.52 Alfordsville 20 1N 5W 18.3 Sandy HookSandy 13 2N HookSandy 8W 5254 13 64.14 2N 8W 5292 56.14 Alfordsville 9Alfordsville 1N 9 5W 9.66 1N 5W 16.5 Sandy HookSandy 13 2N 8W 38.8 Washington 30Washington 3N 62 7W 152 3N 7W 11.5 Alfordsville 22 1N 5W 18.7 Glendale 16 1N 6W 16.8 Drainage Areas Drainage Cont. Shrum Creek Loog Shrum CreekShrum Loogootee 2 3N 5W 7 utary Glendale 2 1N 6W 3.3 257 Glendale 29 2N 6W 16.5 257 Washington 1 2N 7W 21.9 Stream and Location Stream ned by the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) (33 CFR 328.3) and the Environmental ned by the US E. FK. Sugar Creek above Creek E. FK. Sugar Creek W. FK. Sugar Creek including E. FK. Sugar Creek W. FK. Sugar Veale Creek (Veale Creek Slough) Veale Creek (Veale Creek at mouth Veale Creek White River including (Veale Creek Slough) White River above Veale Creek White River above Veale (Veale Creek Slough) CO# 67 Creek Aikman E. FK. White River including Hook Sandy 3 1N 7W 5725 53.82 6162 mouth Mud Creek at Creek Mud 63 E. FK. White River including Beech Creek64 E. FK. White River above Creek Aikman 65 E. FK. White River above 66 Aikman Creek at S.R. Glendale Aikman Creek at mouth Hook Sandy Hook Sandy 16 13 3 1N 1N 6W 1N 7W 5662 7W 5683 64.33 5694 57.65 53.82 55 Creek at mouth56 Sugar Creek Sugar 57 E. FK. White River including Creek Mud 58 E. FK. White River above 59 Mud Creek above trib Alfordsville60 Mud Creek tributary at mouth tributary Mud Creek including 20 1N 5W 5619 70.66 51 Creek Sugar E. FK. White River above 52 53 Creek at mouth W. FK. Sugar 54 Alfordsville 20 1N 5W 5600 70.66 4546 Little Boggs Creek above Creek at mouth Shrum 47 48 Little Boggs Creek including Creek Slate 49 E. FK. White River above 50 Slate Creek at mouth Slate Creek E. FK. White River inlcuding Alfordsville 22 1N 5W 5599 72.64 42 Veale Creek at S.R. 43 44 3637 Creek at mouth Prairie Creek Prairie River including 38 White Creek Hawkins River above 39 White Creek at mouth 40 Hawkins Hawkins Creek River including White 41 Washington 62 3N 7W 5243 61.52 Wetlands c. as defi Wetlands, Protection Agency (EPA), are “those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or ground water at a (EPA), Agency Protection do support, a prevalence of vegetation frequency and duration to support, and that under normal circumstances are an important natural resource because they typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions.” Wetlands there are several federal and state support rich biological communities. Because of their functions and values, the Federal Clean The major laws protecting wetlands include wetlands. laws that regulate activities that affect Act. Flood Control Act, and Indiana’s and Harbors Act, the River Water 30 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan District? Accessed 09/10/08. http://www.in.gov/dnr/water/9690.htm#8 23 IndianaDepartmentofNatural Resources,DepartmentofWater. Community Assistance andInformation. WhatisaConservancy Directory. Accessed 09/10/08.http://www.in.gov/dnr/water/9690.htm#8 22 IndianaDepartmentofNatural Resources,DepartmentofWater. Community Assistance andInformation. ConservancyDistricts www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/1998/class/emergent.htm/ Habitats oftheUnitedStates:EmergentWetland. UnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey, NorthernPrairieWildlifeResearchCenter. /http:// 21 UnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey. 1998.Classi 79/31. 103pp. follows: control, andrecreation.ProblemsthatcanbesolvedthroughtheIndianaConservancyDistrict Act areas States. UnitedStatesFishandWildlifeService,Offi 20 Cowardin,L.M.,V. Carter, F. C. GoletandE. T. LaRoe.1979.Classifi acres, andthenumberofpointsmultipliedby0.1acres. to 19 Calculatedbyaddingtheacreagevalueofpolygons,length oflinesinfeetmultipliedby100forestimatedwidthconverted Creek ConservancyDistrictheadquarteredinWashington. district tosolveproblemsrelatedwaterresourcesmanagement.DaviessCountyisservedbythePrairie The IndianaConservancy Act, IC14-33,providesavehiclebywhichlandownerscanorganizespecialtaxing a. 4. shape Daviess Countyhasover12,931acresofwetlands,accordingtotheNationalWetlands Inventory(NWI)digital trees andshrubs,aherbaceousgroundlayer. rivers andstreams. Forested wetlandsarethemostcommonwetlandtypeinIndianawheremoistureisabundantparticularlyalong wetlands arethatcharacterizedbywoodyvegetationissixmeters(20feet)tallortaller. Most ofthewetlandswithincountyareclassi Daviess County. such asPrairieCreek,Veale Creekand Aikman Creek.Figure13showsthelocationofNWIwetlandsin acres ofthewetlandsDaviessCounty. are alsoknownasmarshes.Scrub-shrubwetlands,whichconsistofshrubsand/orsmalltrees,makeup255 characterized byerect,rooted,herbaceoushydrophytes(excludingmossesandlichens).Emergentwetlands Chapter 2:Community Setting Conservancy District • • • • • • • N • • ATURE fi les. Preventing lossoftopsoilfrominjuriouswatererosion bene Developing forests,wildlifeareas,parks,andrecreationalfacilitieswherefeasibleinconnectionwith Providing forcollection,treatment,anddisposalofsewageotherliquidwastes. Providing watersupply, includingtreatmentanddistribution,fordomestic,industrial,publicuse. Providing forirrigation. Improving drainage. Flood preventionandcontrol. by the Act. purposes, orotherworkofimprovementthatcouldhave beenbuiltforanyotherpurposeauthorized Operation, maintenance,andimprovementofanyworkforwaterbasedrecreational Storage ofwaterforaugmentationstream 19 Manyofthesewetlandsarelocatedwithinthe fi cial water management. 20 Forestedwetlandsnormallypossessanuppercanopyoftrees,understoryyoung fi cation ofWetlands andDeepwater ce ofBiologicalServices. GovernmentPrintingOf fi ed asforestedwetlands,consistingof11,770 acres.Forested 21 Emergentwetlandsmakeup906acresandareemergent fl ow. cation ofWetlands andDeepwaterHabitats oftheUnited fl oodplain oftheWhiteRiverandalongitstributaries 22 Itsstatedpurposeisdrainage,erosion, 23 . fi ce, Washington, D.C.FWS/OBS- fl ood

Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 31 | ! Crane Ê !

Creek £ ¤ reek First Creek 231 ! Loogootee ! Haw ! ! ! !

Miles Slate C Slate !

Flat Creek ! k

! Alfordsville eek Cree Sugar

First Cr Odon West Fork Sugar Creek

Cannelburg

Mud Creek Mud k ! !

! Aikman Creek Aikman ! ! ! ! 58 ¬ «

tone Branch Creek Chapter 2: Community Setting 50 Montgomery £ ¤

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1

! Dinken Cree Dinken

! ek !

Grinds Veale Creek Veale £ ¤ Antioch Cre 150 Elnora 02468 Wetlands

! Camp Creek Camp !

!

57 Oberts Ditch ¬ «

eek h Eagan Ditc Eagan ¬ « 257 58 ¬ «

North ForkNorth Prairi !! ! Figure 13: Figure 13: !

Smothers Cr ! Plainville ! ! ! 57 ¬ «

WHITE RIVER, EAST EAST FORK RIVER, WHITE

Canal Washington !

Killion Killion ie Creek ie Sandborn

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358

Prai

! ! 57 !

¬ « !

itch Hawes D Hawes 69 § ¨¦

! £ ¤ 150 Prairie Creek Prairie ! ! ! Corridor !

50 £ ¤ WHITE RIVER, WEST FORK WEST RIVER, WHITE Edwardsport Floodplains Wetland Forested Wetland Emergent Wetland Shrub Scrub

Wetlands WHITE RIVER WHITE Petersburg Wetlands Bicknell Wheatland 32 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Science For1984, Vol. 94,editedbyDonald R.Winslow, pp.245-268, Indiana Academy ofScience,Indianapolis. 26 Homoya,M. A., B. Abrell, J.R. Aldrich, and T. W. Post. 1985.NaturalRegionsofIndiana. InProceedingsoftheIndiana of Academy Accessed 09/14/08.http://www.in.gov/dnr/water/8542.htm 25 IndianaDepartmentofNatural Resources,DivisionofWater, Water UseSystem. Withdrawl Amounts byCounty/Categoryfor2007. pdf of NaturalResourcesandIndiana GeologicalSurvey. Accessed 09/11/08. http://www.in.gov/dnr/water/ 24 Arvin, D.V. andR.Spaeth.Water UseinIndiana:GraphsbyCountyand Water ManagementBasin, 1986-2006.IndianaDepartment and plantanimaldistribution,toidentifyanatural region.” glacial history, topography, exposedbedrock,pre-settlementvegetation,speciescomposition,physiography, is present.Itpartofaclassifi Natural Regionsare“amajor, generalizedunitofthelandscapewhereadistinctiveassemblagenatural features c. b. Total waterwithdrawalforDaviessCountyin2007eachcategoryispresented Table 5. Results forDaviessCountyareshowninFigure14. 1986-2006 bycountyandcategoryofuse.Categoriesare: Indiana GeologicalSurvey(IGS)andIDNRpreparedareportthataggregatedtheinventorydataforyears bestestimateoftotallymonthlywithdrawalsforeachpump. each registeredfacilitythatincludestheowner’s withdrawing 100,000gallonsormoreofwaterperday(70minute). A yearlyinventoryisdoneof Department ofNaturalResources(IDNR),DivisionWater iftheirpumpingfacilitieshavethecapabilityof Legislature in1983,mandatesthatownersofallwellsandsurfacewaterintakesregisterwiththeIndiana The Water ResourceManagement Act (IndianaCode14-25-7, previously13-2-6.1)passedbytheState Figure 15showsthelocations ofnaturalregionsectionsinDaviessCounty. of theSouthernBottomlandsNaturalRegionisassociated withthe Sections oftheShawneeHillsNaturalRegionison theeasternborder. The SouthernBottomlandsSection Plainville SandSectionoftheSouthwesternLowlands NaturalRegion. The Crawford UplandandEscarpment Daviess CountyiswithintheGlaciatedSectionof SouthwesternLowlandsNaturalRegion,followedbythe natural regionsgivemoreinformationaboutthenative plantandanimalspeciesofanarea. The majorityof regions, butwhereasphysiographicregionsmaygive informationonpredominanttopographyandlanduse, Chapter 2:Community Setting Wildlife Habitat andThreatenedEndangeredSpecies Water Use • • • • • • and land Miscellaneous –otheruseslike Rural use–livestockand Agricultural –irrigatingcropsorgolfcoursesanddewateringfarmsites institutions. Public supply–waterutilities,self-suppliedmobilehomeparksorapartments,schools,and Industrial facilities–manufacturingandsandagraveloperations component iswaterforcoolingcondensersatfossilfuelpowerplants. Energy productionfacilities–primarypurposeispowergenerationincludingcoalmining. A major Wells Surface Totals 24

fi lls (through 1995). nryIdsr Agriculture Industry Energy 86 026 1.217.10704.14 0 1479.31 0.98 511.22 1082.62 68.62 0 68.62 026 1.417.1028 3075.01 2.84 0 1479.31 510.24 1082.62 0 Table 5: cation systemthatintegratesseveralnaturalfeatures,includingclimate,soils, fi sh hatcheries sh 2007 Water Withdrawal (million gallons) fi sh andwildlifeareas,maintaininglakelevels,constructiondewatering, ulcSpl ic Rural Misc. Supply Public 0. 770.9 701.3 0 0 26 Naturalregionsaresimilartophysiographic fl oodplains oftheriversandPrairieCreek. fi les/water_use_graphs1986-2006. 3845.91 Totals 25

Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 33 | Chapter 2: Community Setting Reported Water Withdrawals Water Reported Figure 14: Figure 14: 34 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan ( glabra (Q. alba),chestnutoakprinusscarletcoccineapoststellatapignuthickoryCarya upper slopeforestvegetationisamixtureofanoak-hickory, includingblackoak( Characteristic soilsincludethewelldrainedacidsiltloamsofWellston-Zanesville-Berks Association. The The CrawfordUplandSectionhasdistinctivehillswithsandstonecliffs androckhouses. limestone glades,gravelwashesandbarrens. populated areas. The majority ofnaturalcommunitiesareuplandforesttypeswithafewsandstoneand sandstone, cropouttoformcliffs androckhouses.Mostoftheregionisdriftlesswithruggedsparsely The ShawneeHillsNaturalRegionconsistsofareaswherePennsylvanianandMississippianbedrock,mostly al. (1985). The followingnaturalregionandsectiondescriptionsarefrom“TheNaturalRegionsofIndiana”byHomoyaet (Bouteloua curtipendula (Andropogon scoparius barrens communityisvirtuallygonefromthelandscape. However, inafewdegradedremnants, littlebluestem rivers. The sandy, acidsoilsaremostlyinthePrinceton,Bloom The PlainvilleSandSectionisasmallareaofeolian (windblown)sandduneseastoftheWabash andWhite ice sheet. The extantnaturalcommunitiesaremostlyforesttypes. the regionisnearlylevel,un-dissectedandpoorlydrained. The northernportionwasglaciatedbytheIllinoian The SouthwesternLowlandsNaturalRegionisknownforitslowreliefandextensiveaggradedvalleys.Much of restricted inIndianathisandtheHighlandRimSection. shrew (Sorexfumeus;statespeciesofconcern)andthepygmy the crawfi low-gradient streams(i.e.Eel RiverandBusseronCreek). The prairiekingsnake( nigra green ash( shellbark hickory( former prairiesareknown. The Cinncinati, Avon, Vigo and Alford series).Naturalcommunitiesaremostlyforest typesbutseveralof The GlaciatedSectionhasanabundanceofacidto neutral siltloamswithathicklayerofloess(usuallyIva, (Cnemidophorus sexlineatus bull snake( (Magnolia tripetala americana tulipfera The coveshaveamesiccomponentandconsistofbeech( glades arerareinIndianabutatleasttwosmallonesexistthisregion.MostofIndiana’s timberrattlesnake The barrenscommunityisaminorcomponentofthissectionwithonlyfewremnantsremaining.Sandstone (Impatiens bi chokecherry (Aroniamelanocarpa royal fern(O.regalis),sedgesCarexbromoides,C.lurida The acidseepspringcommunity, rareinIndiana,has cliff androckhousecommunities. boschianum latifolia star (Dodecatheonfrenchii Crotalis horridus Chapter 2:Community Setting ) swampsareneartheirsouthern limithere. Additional communitytypes includeswamp,marsh,pondand ), small-fruitedhickory( ), mountainspleenwort( ), redoak(Q.rubrasugarmapleAcersaccharum sh frog(Ranaareolata circulosa ), yellowbuckeye( Pituophis catenifer Fraxinus pennsylvanica ), alumroot(Heucheraparvi fl ora),crestedwoodfern(Dryopteriscristata ; stateendangered)havecomefromthisandtheBrownCountyHillsSection. The smoky C. laciniosa ), hemlock(Tsuga canadensis ), bigbluestem(A.gerardiIndiangrassSorghastrumnutans ), NewJerseytea(Ceanothusamericanus ) andthe Appalachian gametophyte( ) aregeographicallyrestrictedhere. ), pinoak(Q.palustrisshingle Q. imbricaria),hackberry(Celtisoccidentalis ), ornateboxturtle(Terrapene ornata C. ovalis),shagbarkhickory( Aesculus octandra Asplenium montanum fl atwood communitytypeiscommon andincludesshagbarkhickory( ), winterberry(Ilexverticillata ), redmaple(A.rubrum)andsilver fl ora),Bradley’s spleenwort( ; stateendangered) arecharacteristicspecies ofthisregion. ) andyellowbirch( ), whitebasswood( fl ora consistingofcinnamonfern( ), sourwood,umbrellamagnolia, ) andSphagnumspp. ), smallclubspurorchid( ), blackwalnut(Juglansnigra C. ovata)andsourwood( ), tearthumb(Polygonumarifolium fi eld and Ayrshire series. The onceprominent Vittaria sp.)haveanaffi Fagus grandifolia ; stateendangered)andsix-linedracerunner ) andblackjackoak( Betula lutea Asplenium bradleyi Tilia heterophylla S. hoyi;statespeciesofconcern)are F. A. saccharinum).Blackash( F. Lampropeltis calligaster Quercus velutina ). Mountainlaurel( Planthera clavellata ), tuliptree(Liriodendron Oxydendrum arboreum Osmunda cinnamomea fi lmy fern(Trichomanes nity tothesandstone Q. marilandica ), whiteash(Fraxinus ), umbrellamagnolia ), French’s shooting ), side-oatsgrama ), jewelweed ), whiteoak C. ovata), ), black Kalmia ). The ) and ), ). ), Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 35 | Crane Ê £ ¤ 231 Loogootee Miles Shawnee Hills Shawnee RegionNatural Upland Crawford Section Alfordsville Odon Cannelburg Southwestern Lowlands Region Section Glaciated 58 ¬ « Chapter 2: Community Setting Montgomery 50 £ ¤ 1 £ ¤ 150 Elnora 02468 57 Natural Regions ¬ « ¬ « 257 58 ¬ « Plainville Sand Region Dune Figure 15: Figure 15: Plainville 57 ¬ « WHITE RIVER, EAST EAST FORK RIVER, WHITE Southwestern Lowlands Region Plainville Sand Section Washington Sandborn ¬ « 358 57 ¬ « 69 £ ¤ § ¨¦ 150 Corridor

50 £ ¤ WHITE RIVER, WEST FORK WEST RIVER, WHITE Edwardsport

Southern Bottomlands and Region Section

IVER Natural R WHITE Petersburg Regions Bicknell Wheatland 36 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan used todeterminewhether atreeisnative. unique sincetreeselection islimitedtonativeIndianaspecies. Trees ofIndianabyCharlesDeamistheguide tree ofeachspecieswiththe highestpointindexisconsideredthechampionbig tree. The IndianaRegister is crown spreadmeasuredin feet. These threemeasurements arethenaddedtogethertogiveapointindex. The circumference ininchesatfourandahalffeetabove the ground;2)totalheightinfeet;and3)¼ofaverage Forests’ defi Forestry Association’s (nowcalled American Forests) Big Tree Register, whichbeganin1945. American yellow populararenearWashington. The IndianaBig Tree Register(IBTR)wasinitiallybasedonthe American There aretwo2005recordholding“Big Trees” inDaviessCounty. Boththerecordredelmand d. maternity coloniesconsistofaroosttreeor treesaswella2.5-mileradiusforagingarea. near SR57,Veale CreeksouthofWashington, andWest ForkofWhiteRivernorthElnora. The Indianabat these arelocatedatleastpartiallyinDaviessCounty. These areassociatedwithEastForkoftheWhiteRiver In 2004and2005,thirteenIndianabatmaternitycolonieswerediscoveredinsouthwesternIndiana. Three of locations of TES speciesorsensitivehabitats. and vascularplants. Table 6liststhestateandfederalspecieslistedforDaviessCounty. Figure16shows major communityofthisregionandischaracterizedbypecan( features includelargebottomlandponds,especiallyalongtheWabash River. The bottomlandforestisthe natural communitiesoftheregionincludebottomlandforest,swamp,pondandslough.Othertypicalaquatic Newark, Huntington,Linside,StendalandBonnie.Muchoftheareaissubjecttofrequent in southwesternIndiana. The soilsaremostlyneutraltoacidsiltloams,andincludeseriessuchasNolin, The SouthernBottomlandsNaturalRegionincludesthealluvialbottomlandsalongriversandlargerstreams http://www.in.gov/dnr/fi 27 IDNR.Indiana NaturalHeritageDataCenter. “IndianaCountyEndangered, Threatened andRare SpeciesList.” Accessed 09/10/08 county. process toupdateIndiana’s highqualitynaturalcommunitiesandendangered,threatenedrarespeciesby methods forevaluatingthisinformationandsettinglandprotectionpriorities. The inventoryisacontinuous diversity ofnaturalecosystems,species,landscapefeatures,andoutdooramenities,toassureadequate natural areasthroughastatewideinventory. This programisdesignedtoprovideinformationaboutIndiana’s The IndianaNaturalHeritageDataCenterisacomprehensiveattempttodeterminethestate’s mostsigni violacea harlequin darter( shellbark hickory( (Acer rubrum),silvermaple swamp chestnutoak(Quercusmichauxii endangered), swamprabbit( mud turtle(Kinosternonsubrubrum turtle (Pseudemysconcinna Distinctive southernanimalsconsistofcottonmouth( and giantcane( hempweed ( sedge (Carexsocialis difforme), milkweed(Asclepiasperennis infl Other distinctivespecies(manyofwhicharerestrictedtothisregion)include American featherfoil( overcup oak( swamp cottonwood( strongest southernin Chapter 2:Community Setting ata),bloodleaf(Iresinerhizomatosa Managed LandsandNatural Areas 27 ; stateendangered). DaviessCountyhasanassortmentoflistedcrustaceans,mollusks, nition ofabigtreewasadoptedbyIndiana. A bigtree isde Mikania scandens Quercus) occur. Arundinaria gigantea Etheostoma histrio les/np_daviess.pdf. C. laciniosa fl uence isrefl Populus heterophylla ), swampprivet(Forestieraacuminata A. saccharinum ; stateendangered),diamond-backedwatersnake( ), sycamore(Platanusoccidentalis ), spiderlily(Hymenocallisoccidentalis Sylvilagus aquaticus ected intheswampsandsloughs,wherebaldcypress( ; onlyoccurrenceinIndiana)andyellow-crownednightheron( ; stateendangered),northerncopperbelly( ). ), acanthus(Diclipterabrachiata ), catbirdgrape(Vitis palmata ), pinoak(Q.palustrisswampwhitebicolorredmaple ), waterlocust(Gleditsiaaquatica ), honeylocust(Gleditsiatriacanthos ; stateendangered),mosquito Agkistrodon piscivorus ), American snowbell( Carya illinoensis ) andgreenash( ), woolypipe-vine( ), mistletoe(Phoradendron ), climbingdogbane( fi ; stateendangered),hieroglyphic fi ned bythreemeasurements:1) sh, amphibians,birds,mammals ), pumpkinash(Fraxinus)and ), sugarberry(Celtislaevigata Fraxinus pennsylvanica ), catalpa(Catalpaspeciosa Nerodia erythrogaster Nerodia rhombifer Styrax americana),climbing fi s ( sh Aristolochia tomentosa Taxodium distichum Gambusia affi Trachelospermum fl odn. The ooding. Nyctanassa fl avescens) ), eastern Hottonia ; state ). The fi cant nis), ), ), ), ), Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 37 |    #   #   !            
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37 West West 36 oodplain fl Activities sh (yellow shing pier, fi 30 East Fork fi 33 shwild/ shwild/ fi fi sh and wildlife fi Schoenoplectus sh frogs and various fi Interesting formations Interesting formations 31 shing equipment. fi shing area, disabled fi shing and trapping licenses. Funds shing and trapping fi le.com/indiana/daviesscounty/index.html fi les/wboggs00.pdf fi Dogwood Lake. shing map for Chapter 2: Community Setting tters.com/glendalefwa/map_dogwood_lake.htm tters.com/glendalefwa/index.htm ), may be seen there; however, access is restricted. ), may be seen there; however, Figure 18 shows the fi Figure 18 shows ) has 22 ponds and 1,400 acre Dogwood Lake, as well as 8,060 as well as 8,060 acre Dogwood Lake, ponds and 1,400 ) has 22 29 28 sh, black bullhead, and black crappie. The remaining sh, black bullhead, and black crappie. shing from boat, pier, or shoreline; hunting and dog training, picnicking, or shoreline; hunting shing from boat, pier, fi nd more people visiting at the Montgomery Lake & Ruritan campground than nd more people visiting at the Montgomery cray ooding with provide essential habitat for mud turtles, fi at farmland that surrounds it. It is a remarkable representation of silver maple at farmland that surrounds fl Conyza ramosissima sh, channel catfi

Most revenues used in land acquisition, development, operation and maintenance in land acquisition, development, Most revenues used 34 32 It is the only lake in the county listed redear and largemouth bass. sh, crappie, bluegill, fi sh, and golden shiner) accounted for less than one percent of the sample by number. sh, and golden shiner) accounted for fi

35 ower Preservation Society. Newsletter May – September 2008. Accessed 09/11/08. http://home.att.net/~cwfps/ Accessed 09/11/08. Newsletter May – September 2008. ower Preservation Society. fl fi http://www.indianaout Accessed 09/11/08 tters. fi http://www.indianaout Accessed 09/11/08 tters. sh, green sunfi sh. The stewardship activities at Thousand Acre Woods include eradication of non-native Johnson include Woods Acre Thousand at The stewardship activities sh. fi and Dwarf Fleabane ( cat sh species include The Prairie Creek Barrens Nature Preserve has historically been mostly grassland with scattered groves of Preserve has historically been mostly grassland with scattered groves The Prairie Creek Barrens Nature Bullrush ( of the Plainville Sand Section of Indiana. Hall’s naturally small trees. It is a remnant hallii) acres of upland game habitat, marshes, shallow impoundments and small woodlots. Deer, quail, rabbit, squirrel, quail, Deer, and small woodlots. impoundments marshes, shallow game habitat, acres of upland eagles can all be osprey and bald red-tailed hawks, songbirds, wild turkey, woodcock, waterfowl, snipe, dove, feet. Primary and has an average depth of eight Dogwood Lake comprises 1,400 acres seen at Glendale FWA. fi for canoeing and kayaking in Paddle Indiana. for canoeing and kayaking The Thousand Acre Woods is 943 acres of woods dedicated as a nature preserve in 2001 and owned and is 943 acres of woods dedicated as Acre Woods Thousand The a rich variety of species of bottomland open to the public. It offers The Nature Conservancy and managed by hardwoods amidst the miles of American elm Green and black ash, sweet gum, sycamore, cottonwood, and elm forest, one the few in Indiana. hackberry, along-side smaller populations of black willow, red and ash-leafed oak dominate the forest and silver, and trumpet is composed of buttonbush, Virginia The understory red elm, basswood, mulberry and sugarberry. a native deciduous holly found in only a and sumhaw, sensitive and ostrich fern, spicebush, elderberry creeper, The spring fl few sites in Indiana. Bloomington, Indiana. 30 Indiana Outfi 28 Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Fish and Wildlife Division. Accessed 09/11/08 http://www.in.gov/dnr_old/ Accessed 09/11/08 28 Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Fish and Wildlife Division. publications/glen_new.pdf & Company Access Guide to Canoeing and Kayaking Indiana Lakes & Streams. J. L. Waters An A. 2000. Paddle Indiana: 29 McPherson, Glendale Fish and Wildlife Area (Figure 17 Area (Figure Fish and Wildlife Glendale include boating, boat rental, camping, include boating, boat berries, nuts, and mushrooms. collecting wild edibles including wildlife viewing, and State Fish Hatchery is located at Glendale FWA. State Fish Hatchery The beautiful Indiana summers on Montgomery Lake, this peaceful setting is often the summer Located live in the entire town of Montgomery. home for area residents. left by melting ancient glaciers make for noteworthy hikes, particularly in the fall when the region is ablaze hikes, particularly in the fall when glaciers make for noteworthy left by melting ancient color. with its legendary Boggs Reservoir is a 622-acre multi-purpose impoundment located in West Boggs Park north of Loogootee, impoundment located in West Boggs Reservoir is a 622-acre multi-purpose The lake was constructed in 1971 with federal funds appropriated under Public Law 566. Operation Indiana. Park Boards. Facilities at the park of the reservoir and park is administered by the Martin and Daviess County include a boat ramp, boat rental concession, boat mooring sites, shoreline of Glendale Fish and Wildlife Area are derived from the sale of hunting, are derived from the sale of hunting, Area Wildlife of Glendale Fish and are also received from the federal Pittman-Robertson and Dingell-Johnson programs to aid and Dingell-Johnson programs from the federal Pittman-Robertson are also received hunting and are derived from taxes levied on sport These funds restoration. species of fi protection of one of the largest continuous remnants of grass, boundary marking and the general forest community. 31 Indiana Outfi beach, and campground. Fees are assessed both for entrance to the park and use of the boat ramp. Fish beach, and campground. Fees are assessed both for entrance to the followed by bluegill, by number, surveys of the lake in 2000 showed largemouth bass were most abundant redear sun bullhead, hybrid sun 32 Daviess County, IN Chamber of Commerce. Accessed 09/12/08. http://www.villagepro IN Chamber of Commerce. 32 Daviess County, http://www.in.gov/dnr_old/ Accessed 09/11/08 33 Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Fish and Wildlife Division. publications/glendale.htm#history Accessed 09/12/08. http://www.daviesscounty.net/default.asp Bureau. 34 Daviess County Visitors http://www.nature.org/wherewework/northamerica/states/indiana/work/art21862.html Accessed 09/11/08. The Nature Conservancy. 35 36 Cincinnati Wildl newsletter.htm Boggs Creek Fisheries Section. West 37 Schoenung, B. M. Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Fish and Wildlife, http://www.in.gov/dnr/ Accessed 09/11/08. Reservoir: 2000 Fish Management Report. 40 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Wheatland Bicknell Chapter 2:Community Setting Threatened and Endangered Species Threatened andEndangered and Sensitive or Rare Habitats or Sensitive and Petersburg Edwardsport WHITE RIVER, WEST FORK ¤ £ 50 !( I-69 Corridor I-69 « ¬ 57 Figure 16: ¤ £ 50 358 « ¬ Sandborn Washington WHITE RIVER,EAST FORK « ¬ 57 Plainville Threatened andEndangeredSpecies !( !( !( !( !( !( !( « ¬ 58 257 « ¬ !( !( « ¬ 57 02468 !( Elnora 1 ¤ £ 50 !( !( !( Montgomery « ¬ 58 Cannelburg Odon Alfordsville Miles Loogootee 231 ¤ £ Crane ± Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 41 | Chapter 2: Community Setting Glendale Fish and Wildlife Area Fish and Wildlife Glendale Figure 17: Figure 17: tters.com/glendalefwa/map_dogwood_lake.htm fi http://www.indianaout 42 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan http://www.indianaout Chapter 2:Community Setting fi tters.com/glendalefwa/map_of_glendale.htm Figure 18: Dogwood Lake Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 43

| ), ed ), river ), cranes, identifi 38 Micropterus dolomieu Branta canadensis Chapter 2: Community Setting ) and smallmouth bass ( ) and smallmouth ) and others. Canada geese ( ) and others. Canada ), fox, herons, squirrels, turtles, ), fox, herons, squirrels, ), muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus ), sycamore (Platanus occidentalis Acer sp.), oaks (Quercus sp. Micropterus salmoides ) and other animals can be seen near the river. Fishing varies from section to Fishing varies from can be seen near the river. ) and other animals Odocoileus virginianus ed in this database are listed in Table 6 and grouped by the closest city (data currentness: Table this database are listed in ed in fi ), cottonwood (Populus deltoides HARACTERISTICS C Marmota monax elds, open spaces, and all manner of other outdoor recreation. The parks, schools and other facilities in The parks, schools and open spaces, and all manner of other outdoor recreation. elds, fi OPULATION P SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS SOCIAL sh, perch and crappie. The White River and its Forks are common routes for canoeing and kayaking. routes for canoeing and kayaking. White River and its Forks are common The sh, perch and crappie. Existing Population Projected Population catfi Access Site southeast of River is available at the Pottersville Bridge Public Public access to the East Fork White Public access to the Site within the FWA. Access Public Area and the Flat Rock the Glendale Fish and Wildlife Carnahan public access site west of Washington, the Washington Fork of the White River is available at West 358 and the Elnora Public access site northwest of Elnora. public access site near State Highway Division of Outdoor Recreation, maintains a database of all outdoor Indiana Department of Natural Resources, This includes access to playgrounds, picnic areas, are publicly accessible. recreation facilities in the state that sports Daviess County identi June 2006). Recreation sites, managed areas, and natural features are shown in Figure 19. June 2006). Recreation sites, managed groundhogs ( for largemouth ( section with possibilities a. population population has decreased by 94 people between 1900 and 2000. Daviess County’s Daviess County’s The county had its lowest range). has remained fairly steady in the last 100 years (within the 26,000 to 29,000 The population estimate from the U.S. population of 25,832 in 1930, but has been on the rise ever since. the 2000 Census shows. which is 215 people higher than Census for 2007 is 30,035 for Daviess County, shows the A Appendix A-1 in Table Figure 20 shows the population trends for Daviess County since 1900. since 1900. population trends for Daviess County and the incorporated communities b. Demand Travel the Interstate 69 were derived from Population forecasts for Daviess County and Washington Associates that includes layer developed by Bernardin, Lochmueller and Analysis Zones (TAZ) Travel Model and Poole Economics, the Indiana induced growth resulting from I-69. Population forecasts from Woods and the Regional Economics Model, Incorporated were examined to determine Business Research Center, A-2 in Table will travel. Figure 21 and population projections to the year 2030 for counties through which I-69 the Indiana Business Research layer, TAZ show projections for Daviess County based on the I-69 A Appendix and Poole Economics. and Woods Center, D. 38 Lindsey, A.A., D.V. Schmelz, and S. A. Nichols. 1969. “White Squirrel Area” Pgs 131-132 in Natural Areas in Indiana and their Area” Pgs 131-132 in Natural Nichols. 1969. “White Squirrel A. Schmelz, and S. A.A., D.V. 38 Lindsey, University of Notre Dame. American Midland Naturalist, Department of Biology, Preservation. 1. Population, housing and income characteristics are important considerations in determining the future land use are important considerations in determining the future land Population, housing and income characteristics help determine the magnitude of future housing These characteristics and infrastructure needs of the county. and the ability of residents to support commercial activities. housing, demand, the ability of residents to afford In their work, Natural Areas in Indiana and Their Preservation, Lindsey, Schmelz, and Nichols (1969) Schmelz, Lindsey, Their Preservation, in Indiana and Areas Natural In their work, birch (Betula nigra three patches of woods less than a mile north of Odon (Odon and Epsom quadrangles) that were inhabited by that were and Epsom quadrangles) of Odon (Odon than a mile north of woods less three patches the squirrels were The site where Area”. “White Squirrel woods as the referred to the They white squirrels. authors noted that the site was well The of a cemetery. a 40-acre wood north of west most often seen was supports any white squirrels today. It is unknown if this area known to IDNR personnel. The banks of the western border of the county. River (273 miles long) creates the Fork of the White The West of maples ( Fork are lined with woods West deer ( ducks, white-tailed 44 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2:Community Setting Wheatland Bicknell Managed Lands Petersburg Natural Areas Dune Region Sand Plainville Edwardsport and WHITE RIVER, WEST FORK ¤ £ 50 ! WASHINGTON ACCESS SITE ACCESS Corridor oms ll il H s m To ! PUBLIC PUBLIC ! CARNAHAN CARNAHAN BARRENS NATURE BARRENS ¨¦ § 150 69 ¤ £ PRAIRIE CREEK CREEK PRAIRIE ACCESS ACCESS PUBLIC PUBLIC SITE PRESERVE LONGFELLOW PARK LONGFELLOW Washington « ¬ 57 Figure 19: Sandborn Harbstreit Hill Harbstreit ! 358 « ¬ ! ! WHITE RIVER,FORK EAST ! « ¬ MILLER'S "GET AWAY IT "GET ALL" FROM MILLER'S 57 ! ! ! ! ! Plainville ! ! ! ! ! ELEMENTARY ! FISHING CAMPGROUND SCHOOL EAST SIDE PARK SIDE EAST VEALE VEALE Sefert Hill Sefert ! Daviess CountyManagedlands THOUSAND ACRE ACRE THOUSAND ! WOODS NATURE WOODS ! ! ! RSREWEST BOGGS PRESERVE 257 « ¬ 58 « ¬ « ¬ 57 ¤ £ ! 50 ! JR/SR HIGH SCHOOL 02468 ELNORA ELNORA ACCESS ACCESS Elnora PUBLIC PUBLIC Montgomery 150 ¤ £ OAKS GOLF OAKS SITE BARR REEVE COUNTRY ! ! ! CLUB 1 ACCESS SITE ACCESS ! FLAT ROCK !! AND WILDLIFE AREA PUBLIC GLENDALE FISH FISH GLENDALE ! JR-SR HIGH DAVIESS SCHOOL NORTH ! ! ! ELEMENTARY BARR REEVE ! ! PARK CAMPGROUND RURITANMONTGOMERY SCHOOL « ¬ 58 High Rock Cannelburg ! RAGELSVILLE ELEMENTARY ! Knott Hill Knott SCHOOL Maumee Hill ODON PARK Odon ! ! ! Kn PORTERSVILLE PORTERSVILLE ! ACCESS SITE ACCESS Alfordsville o ! MEMORIAL b Hill b BRIDGE BRIDGE PUBLIC PUBLIC Briar Ridge Briar PARK EVANS ! PARK Jolliff Rocks Jolliff Miles ! ! Loogootee 231 ¤ £ ! ! WEAPONS WEAPONS Ê SUPPORT SUPPORT CENTER Crane CRANE CRANE NAVAL Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 45 | Daviess County US Census US Census * Estimate 2007* 30,035 2000 29,820 1990 27,533 1980 27,836 Chapter 2: Community Setting 1970 26,602 1960 26,636 Population Trends 1950 26,762 1940 26,163 Figure 20: 1930 25,832 1920 26,856 1910 27,747 HARACTERISTICS 1900 29,914 C 0

5,000

35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 Population EMOGRAPHIC D Male/Female Population 2. such of the population are an indicator of the need for community facilities General demographic characteristics shows detailed numbers for population, sex, A Appendix A-3 in Table as housing, education, and recreation. education. age, households, income, poverty and a. A-3), Table was similar to the male ratio for Indiana (see Figure 22 and In 2000, the male ratio in Daviess County The female ratio in Daviess County was also similar respectively. which was 49.3 percent and 49.0 percent, All seven of Daviess County’s 50.7 percent and 51.0 percent, respectively. to the state female ratio which was Alfordsville) had a Cannelburg and Elnora, Plainville, Montgomery, Odon, incorporated areas (Washington, Montgomery had a 50.3 male to 49.7 female ratio. except Montgomery. higher number of females than males The Indiana Business Research Center forecasts to the year 2040 and is based on a regression analysis of on a regression 2040 and is based to the year Center forecasts Business Research The Indiana on economic forecasts and is based forecasts to 2030 and Poole whereas, Woods population counts; historical than is more optimistic Daviess County forecast for TAZ I-69 The Analysis. Bureau of Economic of the U.S. and the Woods forecasts are closer to TAZ The I-69 Indiana Business Research Center. projections from the of 33,576 and 12,090 layer has a population TAZ The are still slightly more optimistic. Poole forecasts, but up to Poole shows an increase in population and County in the year 2030. Woods households for Daviess to 2030 has a slow increase in population Business Research Center forecast The Indiana 33,346 by 2030. years, increasing the of 2,338 people in the following ten of 33,288, and a dramatic addition with a population reaches the forecasted Park Technology Crane @ in 2040. If employment at the WestGate population to 35,626 persons would result in 1,481 additional proportional share of resident employees County’s 3,000 jobs, Daviess households. and 592 additional 46 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan leaving thecountyforjobs andhousing. may alsoshowthatthereare notenoughjobopportunitiesinDaviessCountyto helpkeepyoungadultsfrom to thenumberofcollege-aged studentsleavingthecountyforcollegesanduniversities inothercounties.It categories betweentenand 49,butthedifference is notasdramaticinDaviessCounty. This couldbedue age groupbetweentenand49.ForallofIndiana,the agegroupof20to29isalsothelowest The agepyramidalsoshowsadramaticallylowerpopulation betweentheagesof20and29thananyother 38.8 percentofthesameagegroupismale. population groupfemale. Almost 61.2percentofthepopulationthatis70yearsorolderfemale, whileonly Fifty-one percentofthepopulationthatislessthan 50yearsoldismale,making49percentofthesame County (33.4). median ageofMontgomeryandCannelburg(32.8, 32.7) alsohavealowermalemedianagethanDaviess lower femalemedianage(36.4,31.0respectively)than thecountyfemalemedianage(37.2).Similarlymale median ageexceptCannelburgand Alfordsville. MontgomeryandCannelburgaretheonlytownsthathavea males. All sevenoftheincorporatedcommunitiesincountyhaveahigherfemalemedianagethanmale higher medianageforfemalesthanmales.InDaviessCounty, themedianageis37.2forfemalesand33.4 Daviess Countyhadahighermedianage(35.5years)in2000thanIndiana(35.2years). They eachhavea Chapter 2:Community Setting Age b.

Population 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 5,000 0 30,035 30,035 2007* 30,035 30,500 30,659 2010 30,497 30,684 31,205 2015 Figure 21: 31,267 31,279 31,825 2020 32,036 Population Forecasts 32,160 32,527 2025 32,806 33,288 33,346 2030 33,576 34,466 2035 35,626 2040 * US Census EstimateUS Census Associates Lochmueller & Berndardin, County Daviess Poole Woods & Daviess County Research Center Business IN Daviess County Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 47 | Chapter 2: Community Setting %Male Daviess County Daviess Percentage %Female Population Pyramid Pyramid 2000 Population Population Age Pyramid Figure 22: HARACTERISTICS C -10% -8% -6% -4% -2% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 85 + 5 to 9

Under 5 Under

30 to 39 20 to 29 10 to 19 70 to 79 60 to 69 50 to 59 40 to 49 80 to 84 NCOME I Age Educational Attainment Educational Ethnicity c. population of Indiana. Of the lower than that County is slightly for Daviess educational attainment The overall a Bachelor’s older in Indiana, more people have that is 25 years or or a Graduate’s/ degree (12.2 percent) In general, (5.3 percent and 4.4 percent, respectively). (7.2 percent) than in Daviess County Professional degree Daviess County (71.8 High School degree or higher than percentage of population with a Indiana has a higher to Indiana. compared attainment for Daviess County, percent). Figure 23 shows educational percent and 82.1 d. African 0.5 percent percent of the population was white, not very diverse. In 2000, over 97.5 Daviess County is one or more races. Of the Asians and remaining from 0.2 percent Americans, Native American, 0.2 percent The other six (104). American population in 2000 African had the highest Washington incorporated areas, less than two. communities had The median household income for Daviess County is $34,064 which is lower than the median income for Daviess County is $34,064 which is lower than the median income The median household income for more than the is $54,375 which is $20,311 Alfordsville income in The median household Indiana ($41,567). in Daviess County (12.6) higher percentage of households A County. median household income for Daviess the in Indiana (9.5) in 2000. Of the incorporated areas, Cannelburg has were considered to be in poverty than Alfordsville (20 percent, 18 percent and 16.2 by Elnora and followed highest percentage of people in poverty, percent 11.8 13 percent of Montgomery, is in poverty, of Washington percent, respectively). Fourteen percent is in poverty. of Odon and ten percent of Plainville 3. 48 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan state-wide vacancy rateof7.7percent. Daviess County was8.9percent,andin 2000ithaddecreasedto 8.4percent. Yet, thisisstillhigher thanthe The vacancyrateforhousing isastrengthindicatorofthehousingmarket. In1990,thevacancyratefor dropping to2.69in2000. per householdisdecreasing. In1990,theDaviessCountyhouseholdsizewas 2.70peopleperhousehold, 10,894 householdsin2000). A higherincreaseinhouseholds thanpopulationrevealsthatthenumberofpeople persons in2000),whilethenumberofhouseholdsincreased by8.1percent(10,012householdsin1990and population ofDaviessCountyincreasedbyeightpercent duringthistime(27,533personsin1990and29,820 Between 1990and2000,DaviessCounty’s population,householdsandhousing unitsallincreased. The a. 4. shows householdincomesforDaviessCounty. in 1999. This ismorethanthesevenpercentoffamiliesinIndianathatarebelow thepovertylevel.Figure24 size. According totheU.S.Census,tenpercentoffamiliesinDaviessCountywerebelowpovertylevel ($50,261). The numberoffamiliesbelowthepovertyleveliscalculatedbasedonfamilyincomeand is higherthanthemedianhouseholdincome($34,064)andlowerstate’s medianfamilyincome incomes arehigherthanmedianhouseholdincomes.DaviessCounty’s medianfamilyincomeis$41,818which In additiontohouseholdincome,theU.S.Censusalsotabulatesfamilyincomecharacteristics.Median Chapter 2:Community Setting Existing Housing H Percent of Population 25 and Older OUSING 100% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 0% C HARACTERISTICS High School Graduate High School (no degree) Some College Associates Degree Bachelor's Degree Degree Graduate/ Professional Daviess County Daviess 39.9% 15.5% 6.7% 5.3% 4.4% Figure 23: Educational Attainment Indiana 19.7% 12.2% 37.2% 5.8% 7.2% Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 49

| County Daviess 220 $150k + 225 Indiana - 9% $150k $125k - Daviess County - 13% HouseholdsPoverty in 673 $125k $100k - 1,048 $75k - $100k Chapter 2: Community Setting 1,055 $60k - $75k 1,547 Household Income Household $50k - $60k Household Income Household 1,698 $40k - $50k ection of the rate of growth of the community and is an indicator of ection of the rate of growth of the fl Figure 24: Figure 24: 1,547 $30k - $40k 1,792 $20k - $30k 1,818 $10k - $20k 1,135 < $10k 0 800 600 400 200

2,000 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 Households HouseholdsHouseholdsHouseholdsHouseholds the need for housing rehabilitation or housing replacement when rehabilitation is not economical. The median is not economical. the need for housing rehabilitation or housing replacement when rehabilitation Indiana. Daviess County has a mix of year housing was built in Daviess County is 1963 compared to 1966 for 47 percent were built prior to 1960. old and new housing. Forty-two percent have been built since 1970 and were built prior to 1940, but 14.5 percent were built between 1990 and 2000. Figure 26 percent Twenty-six shows the housing age for Daviess County. The median owner occupied housing value in 2000 was $92,500 in Indiana and $72,800 in Daviess County. In value in 2000 was $92,500 in Indiana and $72,800 in Daviess County. The median owner occupied housing valued at $100,000 or less in 2000. Eleven percent are valued 73.3 percent of the homes were Daviess County, or less and 19 percent are valued over $150,000. In Indiana, 56.3 percent of the homes are valued at $100,000 at over $150,000. Figure 25 shows housing values for Daviess County. This is much lower than the 21.4 percent of the housing units are renter occupied. In Daviess County, Alfordsville has the incorporated areas, percentage of renter occupied units in Indiana (28.6 percent). Of the The the highest (32.5 percent). has lowest percentage of renter occupied houses (8.9 percent) and Washington lower than the state ($432). Elnora median monthly contract rent for Daviess County is $276, which is much has the highest ($325). has the lowest rent ($225) of the incorporated communities while Cannelburg percentage (79.4 percent and Indiana’s The percentage of single-family homes in Daviess County is higher than single-family homes of the incorporated 74.1 percent, respectively). Cannelburg has the highest percentage of Alfordsville has the lowest (64.4 percent). areas in Daviess County (87.0 percent) and The age of housing in a community is a re 50 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan this isafarslowerpaceofgrowththanthepastdecadewhen913housingunitsweregainedinsingle for DaviessCounty2030. This isanincreaseofnearly1,306housingunitsfromtheyear2000;however households fromtheI-69 TAZ layer. Usingthesenumbers,aprojectionof13,204housingunitsiscalculated 2000 and2030,projectedhousingunitscouldbecalculatedusingthevacancyratenumber of were usedtodetermineprojectedhousingunitsforDaviessCounty. Assuming aconstantvacancyratebetween The populationandhouseholdprojectionsfromtheI-69 TAZ layer, describedearlierunderprojectedpopulation, c. a lossof23unitsinSteele,113 unitsinVan Buren,107unitsinVeale and35unitsinWashington. Barr, 48unitsinBogard,negative34 inElmore,25unitsHarrison,75Madison,noneReeve, over thelastdecadeinunincorporatedareas,areasoftownshipsaccountedfor207units six unitsinOdon,24Plainvilleand553unincorporatedareas.Ofthenethousingincrease Washington, 16unitsin Alfordsville, 14unitsinCannelburg, 16unitsinElnora,sixMontgomery, aloss Of the913housingunitsgainedinlastdecade,changebypoliticaljurisdictionwas290 percent in2000. than therewerein1990. This canbeseeninthedecreaseofvacancyratefrom8.9percent1990to8.4 10,012 householdsin1990to10,8942000. Therefore, therearelessvacanthousesin2000 18 unitslostin2000).Inthatsametimeperiod,882additionalhousingwereoccupiedincreasingfrom However, 913housingunitsweregainedin thelastdecade(from10,985unitsin1990to931addedand Daviess Countyhasneverissuedbuildingpermits;therefore,therearenorecordsofnewhousingconstruction. b. Chapter 2:Community Setting Housing Units Projected HousingUnits New HousingPermits 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 500 0 < $25k 804 2k-$50k $25k - 1,556 Figure 25: Owner Occupied Housing Values Occupied Housing Owner 5k-$100k $50k - 3,912 Housing Value 10 $150k $100k - 1,333 Values Housing Occupied Owner Median ais ony-$72,800 - Daviess County nin $92,500 Indiana - $150k + 956 Daviess Daviess County

Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 51 | Daviess County 3,113 Before 1940 Before 1,144 1940-1949 1,318 Chapter 2: Community Setting 1950-1959 Age of Housing 1,370 1960-1969 Year StructureBuilt Figure 26: Figure 26: 1,883 1970-1979 1,344 1980-1989 Indiana - 1966 Daviess County Daviess County - 1963 1,726 Median Year Structure Year Median Built 1990-2000 0 500

3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 Housing Units Housing Housing Affordability HouseholdsHouseholdsHouseholdsHouseholds decade. Continuing historical relationships between jurisdictions of 1,306 dwelling units from 2000 to 2030 is between jurisdictions of 1,306 dwelling units from 2000 to 2030 decade. Continuing historical relationships the in incorporated areas and 647 dwellings in unincorporated areas. Of forecasted to be divided 659 dwelling will capture nearly 80 percent of the additional housing units followed incorporated areas, the City of Washington and Elnora will each capture only four percent of Alfordsville, Cannelburg by Plainville with six percent. While Alfordsville and Cannelburg will be increase in the total dwellings in the incorporated area growth, the percent a about two percent of the incorporated area growth and Odon will lose substantial. Montgomery will capture areas fails to extend sanitary sewer to new housing, the housing similar percentage. If any of these incorporated would capture 34 Township areas, Barr growth may shift toward unincorporated areas. Of the unincorporated with 18 percent each and Township and Veale Township Buren percent of the 647 new units followed by Van the more than offsets Township The growth in unincorporated Madison percent. with 12 Township Madison the housing growth in Elnora fails to housing loss in Odon which is a part of the township. On the other hand, Park reaches its full Technology @ Crane if the WestGate Finally, Township. housing loss in Elmore the offset Table the resident employment. See potential, an additional 592 dwelling units will be needed to accommodate projected housing units. for more information on A Appendix A-8 in d. housing is to compare the median value of housing to the median household One way to look at affordable The median value of a house in Daviess County ($72,800) is 2.14 times higher than the median income. Indiana, the median value of housing household income ($34,064) according to the 2000 U.S. Census. In Therefore, it appears that homes ($92,500) is 2.23 times higher than the median household income ($41,567). to Daviess County households than the Indiana average. in Daviess County are more affordable is home ownership. Seventy-eight percent of the occupied housing Another important aspect of affordability percentage of owner occupied has the lowest units in Daviess County are owner occupied. Washington percent). If the Alfordsville (91.1 The highest percentage of owner occupied units is in units (67.5 percent). 52 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan for 2030. persons in2030(2.8percent and1.6percent,respectively).Figure28shows the employmentineachsector 2,995 (17percent)respectively. The Miningand Agricultural Servicessectors willemploytheleastnumberof sectors willcontinuetohave thesecondandthirdhighestnumberofemployees with3,013(17.1percent)and in DaviessCountytheyear 2030with4,029(22.8percentofalljobs). The ManufacturingandRetail Trade According toprojectionsmade intheI-69 TAZ layer, theServicessectorwill continuetoemploythemostpeople b. sectors employedlessthan1,000people. Government andConstructionsectorshad11 percentoftheDaviessresidentsemployed. All otheremployment and Manufacturingsectorwerethenextlargestemployers (18.0percentand16.9percent,respectively). The 2000, theServicessectoremployedgreatestnumber ofpeoplewith3,340(23.1percent). The Retailsector 28 forDaviessCounty. There were9,989totalemployeesreportedforDaviessCountyintheyear2000.In Employment reportedbyplaceofworkfromtheI-69 TAZ layeriscategorizedbymajorindustrialsectorsinFigure a. 2. unemployment rateshouldstayaround5.4percentandpossiblyevendropcloserthestate’s rate. number ofpeople16andolderinthelaborforcewouldcontinuetobeslightlyhigherthan60percent the percent to4.3percent,whichiscloserthestate’s rateof4.9percent. Assuming thesetrendscontinue,the from 60.9percentto62.9percent.Duringthissametimeperiod,theunemploymentratedropped 5.4 Between 1990and2000,thenumberofpeople16olderinlaborforceDaviessCountyincreased b. Census. The unemploymentrateinDaviessCounty2000was2.7percent. older (seeFigure27). There wereeightpeopleinthemilitaryDaviessCounty2000,accordingtoU.S. employment. In2000,DaviessCounty’s laborforcewas13,913or62.9percentofthepopulation16yearsand The laborforceofacommunityisthecommunity’s population16yearsandolderthatisworkingorseeking a. 1. by Woods andPooleEconomics,Inc.aswellemploymentstudies. reported inemploymentbyplaceofworktheCompleteEconomicandDemographicDataSource(CEDDS) by placeofresidencethatarederivedfromtheU.S.Census. The characteristicsoftheemploymentmarketare employment available(thejobmarket). The characteristicsofthelaborforceinvolveemployment The economicoverviewofDaviessCountyconsiststwocomponentsincludingtheworkforce(labormarket)and E. some oftheincorporatedcommunities,especiallyWashington andOdon. so housingmustbeaffordable formostcitizens. The onlyconcerninthecountyislowhomeownership Daviess CountyislessthanthatofIndiana,themedianvaluehousingalsolower. Homeownershipishigh, for almosteveryoneinthecounty, outsideoftheincorporatedareas. Although themedianhouseholdincomein In conclusion,itwouldappearthatthehousingmarketinDaviessCountyisprovidingaffordable housingneeds ability forhouseholdstoafford housinginthecounty. would be89.6percent.Withthishighnumberofhomeownership,thereseemstolittleconcernaboutthe incorporated communitiesareremoved,thehomeownershipinunincorporatedareasofDaviessCounty Chapter 2:Community Setting Projected Jobs Existing Jobs Projected Workforce Existing Workforce E W ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS MPLOYERS ORKFORCE /J C OBS HARACTERISTICS Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 53 | 0.1% In ArmedForces 4.3% Unemployed Chapter 2: Community Setting 95.6% Labor Force Employed Figure 27: Figure 27: 63% In Labor Force IME T RAVEL 37% T Not In Labor Force AND

OMMUTING C From year 2000 to 2030, an increase of 3,164 jobs is forecast for all of Daviess County. If the existing geographic of 3,164 jobs is forecast for all of Daviess County. From year 2000 to 2030, an increase there is an increase of 1,807 jobs--about 1,270 jobs associated with is excluded, area of the City of Washington with commercial uses and 33 jobs associated with governmental uses. industrial uses, 504 jobs associated jobs Park reaches its full potential of 3,000 employees, nearly 2,100 Technology @ Crane If the WestGate of the park may create another may be located in the Daviess County portion of the park. Resident employees employees choosing to live in Daviess 254 employees, providing retail and personal services to those park County. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 69.2 percent of Daviess County residents work in Daviess County; therefore, According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 69.2 percent of Daviess County residents percent of Daviess County Twenty-eight 30.8 percent of Daviess County residents work outside of the county. and Knox County receive Dubois County residents that work outside of Daviess County work in Martin County. and 13.2 percent, respectively. the next highest number of Daviess County commuters with 27.1 percent The into Daviess County for work. There are approximately 1,706 surrounding county residents that travel Martin County (24 percent). majority of these commuters come from Knox County (26 percent) and A-10 show which counties Daviess County residents commute to and which residents from Table Figure 29 and surrounding counties commute into Daviess County. 3. 54 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan the approximatedistanceresidentsofWashington cantravelin15,30, 45or60minutes. least 30minutesforwork.Eightpercentofthecommuterstravel60ormoretoFigureshows Another 24percenthaveatraveltimeof15to29minutes. That meansthat30percentofcommuterstravelat County workers16yearsandolderinthecommuter Table A-11 showsthe percentageofcommutersbytraveltimeforDaviessCounty. Forty-sixpercentofDaviess Chapter 2:Community Setting 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 1,000 1,500 2,000 Employees 500 0 Ag Services 205 281 Total Employment Total Mining Daviess County 429 17,645 14,481 2000 2030 494 Construction 1,523 1,914 Figure 28: Manufacturing 2,444 3,013 Employment byMajorSector Employment Industry TCU* 956 1,131 fl ow haveatraveltimetoworkthatislessthan15minutes. Wholesale 684 1,090 Retail 2,604 2,995 FR Finance, Insurance, Real Estate *FIRE - Utilities Public Communications, Transportation, *TCU - FIRE* 664 776 Services 3,340 4,029 Government 1,632 1,922 2000 2030

Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 55 | Miles Ê 5 01020 1126 408 Martin Martin 142 Dubois 1091 Dubois 157 224 Greene Greene Chapter 2: Community Setting 9,039 9,039 Daviess Daviess 156 152 Pike Pike Live & Work in Daviess in Work & Live Live & Work in Daviess in Work & Live 58 442 25 530 Sullivan Knox Knox Sullivan Commuter To and From Daviess County and From To Commuter Figure 29: Figure 29: 300 - 399 400 - 499 500 - 999 >1,000 1 - 99 100 - 199 200 - 299 Commuters to County Daviess Commuters from Daviess County 56 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2:Community Setting Olney Parkersburg Crossville Albion From Washington From Calhoun Maunie Ste. Marie Ste. Phillipstown Willow Hill Oakland West Salem West Ashmore Commute Time Commute Yale Bone Gap Grayville Westfield Sturgis Claremont Casey Browns 45 to 60 minutes 45 to 45 minutes 30 to 30 minutes 15 to minutes < 15 New Harmony Uniontown Kansas Brocton Morganfield Mount Vernon Bellmont Breckinridge Center Oblong Griffin Martinsville Keensburg Redmon Sumner Stoy Waverly Mount Carmel Poseyville Bridgeport Robinson Allendale Lawrenceville Cynthiana Corydon Marshall Owensville Paris Dixon Flat Rock Flat St. Francisville Hutsonville Birds Palestine Figure 30: Henderson Vermilion Darmstadt Fort Branch Fort Patoka Haubstadt Princeton Merom Russellville Hazleton

Robards Eva Sebree Vincennes

Decker ns

West Terre Haute Terre West

v

ill e Universal Francisco Elberfeld Oaktown Bruceville Fairview Commute Time FromWashington Newburgh Sullivan Clinton Carlisle Shelburn Farmersburg

Te Mackey Somerville

rre Haut Chandler Monroe City Oakland City Oakland Mecca

e Wheatland Lynnville Bicknell Hymera Riley Rosedale Petersburg Boonville Seelyville Edwardsport Calhoun Spurgeon Dugger Rockville Winslow Jasonville Staunton Sandborn Washington Plainville Linton Owensboro 2875 commuters 15minutes < en son ys nn Te Brazil Clay City Carbon Montgomery Center Point Knightsville Elnora Harmony Lyons Switz City Switz Masonville Rockport Gentryville Holland Chrisney Newberry Cannelburg Grandview Worthington Odon Dale Huntingburg 680 commuters min 15 to30 Bloomfield Santa Claus Santa

Loogootee

Lewisport Jasp Crane

Whitesville er Ferdinand Greencastle Bainbridge Cloverdale 613 commuters min 30 to45 Troy Shoals Hawesville Spencer Fillmore el C ty Ci ll Te Cannelton Fordsville 01020 Birdseye Coatesville Gosport Stinesville West Baden Springs Baden West Cloverport 5 Stilesville 354 commuters min 45 to60 French Lick French Ellettsville Ê Amo Pa r agon Bloomington Clayton Oolitic Danville

Bedfor Monrovia Hardinsburg Mitchell 261 commuters > 60 min Paoli Orleans

d Martinsville Avon Miles Alton Plainfield Leavenworth Avon Mooresville Bethany Brooklyn Chapter 3: Assessment of Existing Conditions Daviess County Comprehensive Plan

A. LAND USE

1. EXISTING LAND USE

Using 2005 IndianaMap Natural Color Orthophotography of Daviess County as a base map and a fi eld survey of the area surrounding the City of Washington, an inventory of existing land use in the unincorporated areas of Daviess County was completed. The 2005 IndianaMap Natural Color Orthophotography is a high resolution color aerial photograph used to fi nd detailed data for the county.

Figure 31 and Table 7 show the results of the inventory. Built urban land uses comprise 15,837 acres of the total 270,159 acres within the unincorporated area of Daviess County (excludes acreage of roads, right-of-way, and incorporated communities). a. Residential

The residential land use category includes single-family detached dwellings, mobile homes, and multiple-family attached dwellings. There are 11,371 acres of developed residential land use in Daviess County which makes up 4.2 percent of the county’s unincorporated area or 45.5 percent of the developed land uses (excludes agricultural, forest, and undeveloped land).

The majority of the homes in unincorporated Daviess County are single-family detached housing units. Single- family homes cover 10,952 acres, which makes up 96.3 percent of the residential land uses in the unincorporated area of the county. These housing units include typical site-built homes, modular homes, and manufactured homes on a permanent foundation. Table 7: Daviess County Existing Land Use 2008 Existing Land Use Percent of Percent of Land Use Percent of Developed Acreage* Unincorporated Category Category Unincorporated County Area° Area° Residential 11,371 45.5% 4.2% Single-Family 10,952 96.3% 43.8% 4.1% Mobile Home 398 3.5% 1.6% 0.1% Multiple-Family 22 0.2% 0.1% 0.0% Commercial 175 0.7% 0.1% Industrial 3,389 13.5% 1.3% Public/Quasi-Public 10,079 40.3% 3.7% Parks/Recreation 9,587 95.1% 38.3% 3.5% Education 71 0.7% 0.3% 0.0% Churches/Cemeteries 280 2.8% 1.1% 0.1% Other 141 1.4% 0.6% 0.1% Developed Subtotal 25,015 100.0% 9.3% Agricultural/Forest Land 245,144 90.7% Total of Unincorporated County Area 270,159 100.0% Incorporated Communities 4,743 Total of County Area 274,902 source: Bernardin, Lochmueller and Associates, Inc. * Rounded to the nearst acre. ° Total of unincorporated county area and total of county area excludes roads and right-of-ways.

Chapter 3: Assessment of Existing Conditions | 57 58 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan located southwestofWashington. Smaller manufacturing facilitiesarelocatedthroughoutDaviess County. large industrialuseslocated justoutsideofWashington, includingtheLargeGrainProcessingCorporation plant majority ofthislandislocatedinthelargecoalmines southofMontgomeryandCannelburg. There arealso area or13.5percentofthedevelopedlanduses(excluding agricultural,forestandundevelopedland). The Industrial usescover3,389acresinDaviessCountywhich accountsfor1.3percentofthecounty’s unincorporated products. and processingofrawmaterials.Heavyindustrial uses involvetheoutdoorstorageofrawmaterialsand Heavy industrialusesinvolvethemanufacturingandprocessing ofproductsfromrawmaterialsortheextraction wholesaling andmanufacturingfrompartssuppliedto thesite. within astructurearegenerallyconsideredlightindustrial uses. Thus, lightindustrial usesincludewarehousing, mines. Usesthatinvolvethemanufacturingofproducts fromsecondarypartsandcanbenormallycontained The industriallandusecategoryincludeslightuses,heavyjunkyards c. Other commercialsmallusesarespreadoutthroughoutthecounty. of Loogootee. The commerciallandusecategoryalsoincludestheGasthof Amish Village northofMontgomery. banks. SeveralcommercialusesarelocatedalongUS50/150betweenWashington andMontgomerywest from theCityofWashington mostlyconsistofsmallgasstationsandconveniencestores,restaurants, BP gasstation,andotherretailstoresneartheSR57US50/150intersection.Commercialusesinfurther County arelocatedjustoutsideofthecityboundaryWashington, includingWal-Mart, theBaymontInn, agricultural, forest,andundevelopedland). The majorityofcommerciallandusesinunincorporatedDaviess only 0.1percentofthecounty’s unincorporatedareaor0.7percentofthedevelopedlanduses(excludes There are175acresofdevelopedcommerciallanduseinunincorporatedDaviessCountywhichmakes up The commerciallandusecategoryincludes: b. housing unitsintheunincorporatedareaareduplexeslocatedafewdifferent areasofthecounty. land isinapartmentcomplexeslocatedjustbeyondthecityboundaryofWashington. The othermultiple-family make up0.2percentoftheresidentiallandusesinunincorporatedareacounty. Over17acresofthis Unincorporated DaviessCountyalsoincludes22acresofmultiple-familyhousingunits.Multiple-familyuses are notonapermanentfoundation. Construction SafetyStandardslawof1974andanymanufacturedhomesbuiltincompliancewiththisthat mobile homecategoryincludesallhomesbuiltinafactorypriortotheFederalManufacturedHousing acres, whichmakesup3.5percentoftheresidentiallandusesinunincorporatedareacounty. The There arealsoseveralmobilehomesthroughoutunincorporatedDaviessCounty. Mobilehomescover398 Chapter 3: Assessment ofExisting Conditions Industrial Commercial • • mobile homeandfarmequipmentrepair), including hairandnailsalons,barbershops,gyms,businessesformotorvehicle,boat,trailer, businesses formotorvehicle,boat,trailer, mobilehomeandfarmequipmentsales;services department ordiscountstores,drive-inbusinesses,motels,furnitureapplianceand Retail/Services (retailstoresincludinggrocerystores,hardwaredruggasolinestations, estate agents,engineers,surveyors), Professional offi ces (doctors,dentists,optometrists,insuranceagents,taxaccountants,banks,real fi lls, andcoal

Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 59 | Miles Ê 231 £ ¤ 150 £ ¤ 50 £ ¤ 58 ¬ « 1 02468 58 ¬ « 257 ¬ « Existing Land Use Existing Chapter 3: Assessment of Existing Conditions Assessment Chapter 3: 57 Figure 31: Figure 31: ¬ « 150 £ ¤ 57 ¬ « 358 ¬ « 50 £ ¤ Parks/Recreation Churches/Cemeteries Education Government Utilities Other Public/Quasi-Public Single-Family Multi-Family Mobile Home Daviess County Existing Land Use Commercial Industrial Residential 60 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan unincorporated totalarea. uses. This categorycoversover245,144acresinDaviessCounty, whichisjustover90percentofthecounty’s covered bytrees,andanyotherlandthatisnotcurrently builtuporusedforanyofthepreviouslylistedland The agricultural/forestlandincludesallusedfor farmingandotheragriculturalpurposes,landcurrently e. a buildingpermit tobuildwithintheunincorporated areaofthecounty. of landusecontrols,suchas azoningordinanceorsubdivisioncontrolordinance, nordotheycurrentlyrequire This willbethefi 2. acres ofthoseacres. The restofthiscategoryincludesfi This categorycovers141acresinunincorporatedDaviess County. The DaviessCounty Airport makesup89 of thepreviouslanduses. This includesgovernmentalfacilities,medical utilities,andorganizedclubs. Other public/quasi-publiclandusesincludethose usesthatarenotcategorizedunderany included inthecategoryaretownship cities andtowns. The DaviessCounty Airport, whichisincludedinthecategory, coversnearlyall89acres. Also offi The governmentcategoryinunincorporatedDaviessCountycovers89acres.Mostofthecounty near MontgomeryandOdon. of Montgomery.) Severalofthe Amish SchoolsarealsolocatedinunincorporatedDaviessCounty, especially unincorporated DaviessCounty. (TheBarr-Reeveschoolsarelocatedjustoutsideofthecorporateboundary North DaviessJuniorHigh/HighSchool,andBarr-Reeveschoolscovermostoftheeducationalcategory in Evansville, several Amish ParochialSchools,andaChristianschool. The NorthDaviessElementarySchool, Washington CatholicElementarySchool,MiddleandHighSchoolwhichispartoftheDiocese Washington CommunitySchools. There arealsoseveralprivateschoolsthroughoutDaviessCounty, including districts inDaviessCounty, includingBarr-ReeveCommunitySchools,NorthDaviessand The educationalcategoryinunincorporatedDaviessCountycovers71acres. There arethreepublicschool with thesechurchestoverysmallcemeteries. Cemeteries arescatteredthroughoutthecounty. These cemeteriesrangefromlargeassociated the churchesinunincorporatedDaviessCountyaresmallandcoverawiderangeofdenominations. Churches andcemeteriesmakeup280acresofthepublic/quasi-publiclandusewithinDaviessCounty. Mostof which covers150acresinDaviessCounty. Thousand Acre Woods NaturePreservewhichcoversjustover900acresandtheWest Boggs LakeandPark Department ofNaturalResources,coversnearly8,100acresalone.Otherrecreationalareasincludethe lands. The GlendaleFish andWildlife Area (FWA) insouthernDaviessCounty, managedbytheIndiana privately ownedrecreationalfacilities,countyandstatefederallymanaged uses (excludingagricultural,forestandundevelopedland). The parksandrecreationalsubcategoryincludes up 95.1percentofthepublic/quasi-publiclandusesinDaviessCountyor38.3developed County. There are10,079acresofrecreationalareaslocated inunincorporatedDaviessCountywhichmake Parks andrecreationalareascoveralargeportionofthedevelopedlandusesinunincorporatedDaviess 40.3 percentofthedevelopedlanduses(excludingagricultural,forestandundevelopedland). facilities. These facilities cover 10,079acresandmakeup3.7percentofthecounty’s unincorporatedareaor community includingchurches,schools,recreationalfacilities,governmentaluses,andotherinstitutional The public/quasi-publiclandusecategoryincludespublicandnonpro d. Chapter 3: Assessment ofExisting Conditions ces arelocatedintheCityofWashington. Cityandtowngovernmentof Agricultural/Forest Land Public/Quasi-Public E XISTING L AND rst comprehensive planadoptedinDaviessCounty. The county hasneveradoptedanytype U SE C ONTROLS fi re stations. re stationsandutilities. fi t communityfacilitiesthatservethe fi ces arelocatedwithintheindividual

Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 61 | 0 0 36 71 88 285 140 181 247 1,139 1,939 1,939 2008 to 2030 Demand Acres 0.1% 0.0% 4.1% 3.5% 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 90.7% Percent of County Area° Area° County 2008 Unincorporated 71 22 398 141 280 175 9,587 4,743 3,389 1.3% 10,952 245,144 274,902 270,159 100.0% Acreage* Chapter 3: Assessment of Existing Conditions Assessment Chapter 3: Existing Land Use and Future Demand Table 8: Table SE U Category Land Use AND L Developed SubtotalDeveloped Total of Unincorporated Area County 25,015 Area Total of County 9.3% Public/Quasi-Public 10,079 3.7% Commercial Industrial Residential 11,371 4.2% 1,423 Education Mobile Home Churches/Cemeteries Agricultural/Forest Land Incorporated Communities Parks/Recreation Other Single-Family Multiple-Family source: Bernardin, Lochmueller and Associates, Inc. * Rounded to the nearst acre. ° Total of unincorporated county total area and of county area excludes roads and right-of-ways. ROJECTED P Residential 3. made demographic projections are derived from Daviess County the year 2030 for land use needs for Projected development of year 2030 In the layer. (TAZ) Analysis Zones Travel Model Demand Travel in the Interstate 69 Woods Associates, Inc. examined Lochmueller and Bernardin, layer, TAZ for the I-69 population projections county, State Data Center forecasts by April of 2004) and Indiana forecasts (released in & Poole Economics together with historic forecast for the State of Indiana Economics Model, Inc. (REMI) as well as the Regional Table in those needs are summarized land use needs and ability to accommodate The projected growth trends. 8. a. County based increase of 958 dwelling units in Daviess and 2030, there is a projected Between years 2008 percent from the 2000 a continued vacancy rate of 8.4 increase of 2,754 people and on a projected population incorporated units will be placed outside of the county’s Assuming that 49.5 percent of those dwelling Census. If 80 percent of the units are single- in unincorporated Daviess County. communities, 474 units will be placed unit per three acres, there is a demand of 1,139 acres of additional family and have a density of one dwelling that the other 20 percent of dwelling units are mobile Assuming 2030. single-family uses between 2008 and unit per three acres, there is a demand for 285 acres of additional mobile homes with densities of one dwelling homes between 2008 and 2030. 62 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan per acrefornew andexpandedindustrial growth,181acreswillbeneeded toaccommodate1,270 industrialjobs. and relocatedcommercial uses, aswelltheforecastedcommercialjobgrowth. Assuming sevenemployees unincorporated DaviessCounty. A 50percent increaseshouldmorethanaccommodatethe needforexpanded uses areanticipatedtoincrease by88acres,basedona50percentincrease ofexistingcommerciallandin homes. There arealso285additionalacresexpected formobilehomesthroughoutthecounty. Commercial to accommodateresidential growthinthecounty, mostofwhich isexpectedtoincludesingle-family, site-built population andjobgrowthinunincorporatedDaviess County. Nearlythree-fourthsofthis landwillbeneeded A totalof1,939acresadditionallandwillbeneededbetween2008and2030toaccommodate theanticipated e. such asclubsandorganizations. for schools,140additionalacreschurchesandcemeteries, and71acresforotherpublic/quasi-publicuses, accommodate theexpansionandrelocationofpublic/quasi-public uses. This would include36additionalacres population. However, a50percentincreaseinpublic/quasi-publiclandwouldbedesirablethrough year2030to population. Existingschools,governmentalfacilities, andchurchesshouldbesuf Most oftheotherpublic/quasipublicuseswithinDaviess Countyshouldbesuf current parklandincludesveryfewfacilitiessuchas parkland, additionalrecreationalfacilitiesorparklandmaybeconsideredthroughoutDaviessCounty. The Club, naturepreserves,andothersmallparks. Although existingrecreationallandisadequateforthesuggested recreational usesincludeaparksouthofPlainville,campgroundeastMontgomery, theCountryOaksGolf and golfcoursethatareinDaviessCounty. The West BoggsLakecoversanother621acres.)Otherparksand which covers150acresoflandinDaviessCounty. (The150acresincludesonlytheportionsofcampground include the Thousand Acre Woods NaturePreservewhichcoversjustover900acresandtheWest BoggsPark County. The GlendaleFishandWildlife Area (FWA) coversnearly8,100acresalone.Otherrecreationalareas 168 to269acresofparkland. There are9,587acresofrecreationallandcurrentlyinunincorporatedDaviess of parklandper1,000people.Withaprojected2030population33,576people,DaviessCountywouldneed The NationalRecreationandPark Association suggeststhatacommunityshouldhaveatleast d. 2030. accommodate expansionofsanitarysewersandotherutilities,181acresindustriallandwillbeneeded by Daviess Countywillhaveanaverageemploymentdensityofsevenemployeesperacre,whichmore than 412 additionalindustrialjobsintheCityofWashington. Assuming thatnewindustrialusesinunincorporated are 1,682additionalindustrialemployeescalculatedforthecountybetween2000and2030. This includes employees pernetacreforsanitarysewerdesign,andsevenplanningpurposes. There communication/ utility, andwholesale/warehouseuses. These usesaverageabout15employeesperacre,ten Industrial landisoccupiedbyagriculturalservices,mining,construction,manufacturing,transportation/ c. anticipated increaseincommercialjobsunincorporatedDaviessCountyoverthenext30years. well asanynewcommercialbusinessesthatmaycomeintothecounty. This willmorethanaccommodatethe the year2030. This 50percent increaseallowsfortheexpansionandrelocationofexistingbusinesses,as 2008 and2030inunincorporatedDaviessCounty, 88additionalacresofcommercialuseswillbeneededby Finance/Insurance/Real Estate(FIRE)sector. Assuming a50percentincreaseincommercialpropertybetween Washington showanincreaseof606employeesintheRetailandServicessectors82 Insurance/Real Estate(FIRE)sectorisforecastedtoincreaseby112 employees.ForecastsfortheCityof Retail andServicessectorsinDaviessCountyareforecastedtoincreaseby1,080employeestheFinance/ Commercial landisoccupiedbyretail/servicesandprofessionalof b. Chapter 3: Assessment ofExisting Conditions Conclusion Public/Quasi-Public Industrial Commercial fi eld sports, courtorotherrecreationalfacilities. fi ce uses.Between2000and2030,the fi cient fortheprojected2030 fi cient fortheprojected2030 fi ve toeightacres

Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 63

| ed fi cations may be ed as “arterials” fi fi cation of roadways in Daviess cation fi ngham, Illinois; Louisville, Kentucky; Mattoon, fi c through properties. Streets are functionally classi c through properties. Streets are functionally fi c entering and leaving metropolitan areas (i.e., inter-urban fi ed according to the function they perform. The primary functions perform. ed according to the function they fi eld), Lake Monroe Airport (Bloomington), Monroe County Airport Monroe County Airport (Bloomington), eld), Lake Monroe fi Chapter 3: Assessment of Existing Conditions Assessment Chapter 3: c. If a street equally serves to provide access to abutting property and c. If a street equally serves Freeways and expressways are the highest category of arterial Freeways and expressways are the highest category of arterial ed as a collector. These three primary functional classi ed as a collector. c (such as between the central business district and outlaying residential c (such fi LASSIFICATION C ed to handle carrier operations. The nearest airport offering a full range of domestic and offering The nearest airport ed to handle carrier operations. fi UNCTIONAL ights is the Indianapolis International Airport. is the Indianapolis International ights fl ed for planning and design purposes as described below. The functional class of a roadway is ed for planning and design purposes as described below. F c, it is functionally classifi IGHWAY NTRODUCTION H TRANSPORTATION I c). They carry the longest trips at the highest speeds and are designed to carry the highest volumes. In c). Major Arterials B. (Bloomington), Brazil Airport (Clay County), Sullivan County Airport, Hulman Regional Airport (Terre Haute), Airport (Terre Hulman Regional Airport, County Airport (Clay County), Sullivan (Bloomington), Brazil County), Area (Orange Airport, Patoka Reservoir Landing Haute), French Lick Municipal Airport (Terre Sky King Airport (Dubois County), County), Huntingburg Airport (Orange Airport (Orange County), Orleans Paoli Municipal Airport is the closest Evansville Regional Airport (Evansville). County), and Skylane Airport (Warrick Boonville airport which is certi international 2. are classi The roadways in the street network Illinois; and Indianapolis, Indiana. located within a one hour drive (approximately) from within Daviess There are sixteen public use airports Lawrence Airport (Bedford, Grissom Municipal V.I. Airport (Washington), including: Daviess County County, Airport (Bloom County), Shawnee Field or to carry traf of roadways are either to serve property 1. the community as well to the land use activities within system physically links the community The transportation transportation is found national activities. Only ground of the community such as state and as activities outside I-64, which is located approximately to Daviess County is currently The closest interstate in Daviess County. of I-69 will travel through the center once completed, the county line via SR 57. However, 31 miles south of and to 30 miles southwest of the county line) to I-64 and I-164 (approximately I-69 will connect Daviess County. There is no public bus system or any other type of of the county line). I-465 (approximately 75 miles northeast service is Greyhound Bus Lines in either Evansville The nearest intercity bus transit within in Daviess County. There is no rail passenger service in the county). Haute, Indiana (depending on the origin from within Terre or AMTRAK stations are located in Ef The nearest Daviess County. There is more than adequate park and recreation space in the county to accommodate the future population. the future county to accommodate space in the park and recreation more than adequate There is A 50 percent increase of land for the other public/quasi-public uses should be more than adequate for the be more than uses should public/quasi-public of land for the other percent increase 50 A uses. and other public/quasi-public churches, cemeteries, existing schools, and relocation of expansion to provide access to abutting properties. Streets are classi as “local” if their primary purpose is fi if their primary purpose is to carry traf to carry traffi further stratifi right-of-way required, and the amount of public also important in determining federal and state funding eligibility, classi the appropriate level of access control. Figure 32 shows the functional County. a. The National Highway arterials. Major arterials include the interstates, freeways/expressways and principal most important rural principal arterials in addition to interstates. System of 155,000 miles includes the nation’s Interstates/Freeways/Expressways. streets and serve the major portion of through-traf traffi metropolitan areas, intra-urban traf may also be served by streets of this areas and between major inner-city communities or major urban centers) from other roads and railroads, class. Interstates are fully access-controlled facilities that are grade-separated miles are fully interstate system of about 45,000 All roadways that are on the nation’s such as Interstate 64. 64 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Chapter 3: Assessment ofExisting Conditions Ê 048 Functional Classification Functional Incorporated Areas I-69 PreferredRight-of-Way Urban Collector Urban Minor Arterial Arterial Principal Urban Collector Minor Rural Collector Major Rural Minor Rural Arterial Arterial Principal Rural 2 ¤ £ 50 « ¬ 358 « ¬ ¤ £ 57 150 Figure 32: Miles « ¬ 57 Functional Classi « ¬ 257 « ¬ 58 ¤ £ 50 ¤ £ 150 « ¬ 57 fi cation « ¬ 58 ) " 900 ¤ £ 231 « ¬ 558 Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 65

| c fi c volumes. fi c to smaller geographic fi c-carrying capacity for through- c-carrying capacity for fi entering and leaving metropolitan c fi c generators that are not served by arterials. These These c generators that are not served by arterials. fi Chapter 3: Assessment of Existing Conditions Assessment Chapter 3: ed as minor arterials in Daviess County. fi ETWORK c circulation within residential, commercial, and industrial areas. Moderate-to-low traf c circulation within residential, commercial, and industrial areas. N c on local streets is deliberately discouraged. This class of street is not part of any city or county This class of street is not part of any city or county is deliberately discouraged. c on local streets ed as a major arterial from Washington south to the county line. SR 57 runs north-south through ed as a major arterial from Washington fi cation System) are the highest category of arterial streets without grade separation. This functional This streets without grade separation. are the highest category of arterial cation System) fi HOROUGHFARE T c is more important than providing access to abutting property. than providing access to abutting c is more important Local Streets Daviess County Minor Arterials Collector Streets roads serve the most important intra-county corridors. Minor collectors link local roads in rural areas and serve corridors. Minor collectors link local roads in rural areas and serve roads serve the most important intra-county than 2,500 persons). the smallest rural communities (fewer d. not designated as collectors or arterials. Primarily serving abutting Local streets are composed of all streets lowest level of mobility and, therefore, exhibit the lowest traf properties, local streets provide the volumes are characteristic of these streets. In rural areas, the major collectors provide service to county seats, streets. In rural areas, the major collectors provide service to county seats, volumes are characteristic of these and other major traf larger towns (2,500 or more persons) Through-traffi thoroughfare network and is not eligible for federal aid, with the exception of bridges and bikeway/walkway for federal aid, with the exception of bridges and bikeway/walkway thoroughfare network and is not eligible facilities. a. a portion of SR 57. US 50 including US 50, US 231, and There are three major arterials in Daviess County, to the west and to Lawrenceburg to It connects to Vincennes runs east-west through the center of the county. It connects to Kentucky (via the county. the east. US 231 runs north-south through the northeastern corner of Indiana to the north. SR to Gary, a crossing of the Ohio River in Spencer County) to the south, and it connects 57 is classi to the south. and it connects to US 231 in the north and to Evansville the western portion of the county, There are no roadways that are classi There are several major collectors in Daviess County, including SR 58, SR 358, SR 558, SR 645, SR 257, and including SR 58, SR 358, SR There are several major collectors in Daviess County, 58 travels east-west through the SR portions of SR 57, CR 900E, and Old US Highway 50 west of Washington. mainly east-west through from the Knox County line to US 231. SR 358 travels northern portion of the county, SR 645 both travel east- from the Knox County line to SR 58. SR 558 and the northwest corner of the county, 3. class complements the freeway/expressway system in serving through-traf the freeway/expressway system in class complements grade-separated with full access control. Freeways are non-interstate, fully access-controlled facilities that are facilities fully access-controlled are non-interstate, control. Freeways with full access grade-separated are partially access-controlled Expressways facilities. all intersecting transportation from also grade-separated in Evansville. as the Lloyd Expressway intersections, such at-grade may have occasional facilities that arterials under the Federal Functional (sometimes termed other principal Principal arterials Principal Arterials. Classi b. a lower level of of arterial streets, serve trips of moderate length and offer Minor arterials, the lowest category the major arterials, distributing traf This class augments mobility than principal arterials. areas. Within the metropolitan area, major intra-urban trips are served between the central business district and trips are served between the central metropolitan area, major intra-urban areas. Within the control, principal arterials may lack access Although major suburban activity centers. suburbs, and between with public roads as the minimum spacing of intersections control is highly desirable, such some level of access arterials, maintaining traf driveway entrances. For principal and the control of traffi to form an integrated network providing interstate highway and inter-county areas, and linking cities and towns urban connections to rural collectors. service. Minor arterials also provide c. between local streets and the arterial system. Collector streets provide Collector streets serve as the link both access and traffi 66 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan way variesfrom amaximumof125feet toaminimumof30feet. of 36feet. There iscurbandgutteringsomesections withparkinglaneswithinOdon. The SR58right-of- The roadwayalongSR58 through DaviessCountyvariesfromaminimumwidth of22feettoamaximumwidth The SR257right-of-wayvaries fromamaximumof150feettominimum40 feet. width of36feet. There iscurbandgutteringwithin Washington, but therearenosectionswithparkinglanes. The roadwayalongSR257throughDaviessCounty variesfromaminimumwidthof24feettomaximum feet. no sectionswithparkinglanes. The SR57right-of-wayvariesfromamaximum of70feettoaminimum48 of 44feet. There aresomesectionswithcurbandgutteringwithinWashington andPlainville, butthereare The roadwayalongSR57throughDaviessCountyvaries fromaminimumwidthof22feettomaximum feet. guttering orparkinglanes. The US231right-of-wayvariesfromamaximum of 120feettoaminimum80 The roadwayalongUS231throughDaviessCounty is24feetwide. There arenosectionswithcurband The US50right-of-wayvariesfromamaximumof160feettominimum60feet. maximum widthof108feet(fourlaneswithamedian). There arenosectionswithcurbandgutteringorparking. The roadwayalongUS50throughDaviessCountyvariesfromaminimumwidthof24feet(twolanes) toa intersections), andfunctionaladequacy(abilitytohandletraf and bridgeloadingcapacities),geometricadequacy(horizontalverticalcurvesturningradii at The physicalcharacteristicsofaroadwaysystemprovideinsightregardingthestructuraladequacy(pavement a. 4. to $77,960infi funds infi Major Movesfunding,$253,244fromtheLocalRoadandStreetfund,$147,674specialdistribution incorporated areas.DaviessCountyreceived$1,992,306fromtheMotorVehicle Highwayfund,$500,298from County isresponsibleforthemaintenanceofculvertsanddrainageditchesonnon-stateroadwaysoutside of the maintenanceofculvertsanddrainageditchesonnon-stateroadswithintheirboundarylimits.Daviess Indiana Departmentof Transportation. All incorporatedcommunitiesinDaviessCountyareresponsiblefor maintaining 121bridges.SR57,257,58,358,558,and645areallmaintainedby the Daviess Countymaintains799.11 center-linemilesofroadwayoutsideanycity/townlimitsinadditionto b. Washington urbanboundaryareconsideredroads. Washington aredesignatedruralundertheFederalFunctionalClassi Figure 32showsthefunctionalclassi Also, severalstreetsareclassi Within theWashington urbanboundary, SR257andOldUSHighway50areclassi collector fromWashington westtoUS50. portion ofthecounty, fromUS50totheGreeneCountyline.OldHighwayisclassi the GreeneCountyline. The portionofCR900Ewhichisamajorcollectortravelsnorth-southintheeastern of SR57whichisamajorcollectortravelsnorth-southinthewesternportioncounty, fromWashington to travels north-southinthesouthernportionofcounty, fromthePikeCountylinetoWashington. The portion west ashortdistanceinthenortheastcornerofcounty, fromUS231totheMartinCountyline.SR257 Chapter 3: Assessment ofExisting Conditions Roadways Maintenance responsibility P HYSICAL scal year2006.DaviessCountyisamongthefewcountieswithahorsedrawnvehicletax, amounting C scal year2006.OnlyLaGrangeCountyraisedmorerevenuefromnon-motorizedvehicletax. HARACTERISTICS fi ed asminorarterialsonlywithintheWashington urbanboundary. fi cations ofroadwaysinDaviessCounty. All oftheroadwaysoutside fi c). fi cation System. The roadwayswithinthe fi ed asprincipalarterials. fi ed asamajor

Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 67

| cations, fi c volumes and speeds fi c counts at these locations. c fi by almost half from 1997 to c volumes decreased Chapter 3: Assessment of Existing Conditions Assessment Chapter 3: c volumes has not been observed from 1997 to 2005. Some locations c cant change in traffi cant fi MPROVEMENTS OLUMES I V roadway resurfacing and bridge rehabilitation projects; roadway resurfacing and bridge rehabilitation improvements, minor horizontal and vertical realignments, safety projects like low-cost intersection signalization improvements, guardrail and marking improvements; pavement and bridge reconstruction/replacement projects; and landscaping and historic transportation enhancement projects such as bikeways, walkways, transportation structure preservation efforts. major roadway widenings (adding lanes); new roadways and roadway extensions; major roadway alignments; and new freeway interchanges. OADWAY RAFFIC c counts in Daviess County were completed by the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) in 1997, Transportation were completed by the Indiana Department of c counts in Daviess County • • • • • • • • R T Planned Roadway Improvements Improvement Types Bikeways/Walkways Preservation projects involve improvements to maintain the existing capacity of the roadway system such as: to maintain the existing capacity of the roadway system such Preservation projects involve improvements system such as: Expansion projects are improvements that add capacity to the roadway b. was Plan that Transportation Long Range Planned roadway improvements are found in the Indiana 25-Year Plan Transportation The Long Range updated in 2007 and the Major Moves 2006-2015 Construction Plan. interchange modi focuses on expansion projects (i.e., added travel lanes, new road construction, a. major categories: “preservation” projects and “expansion” projects. Roadway improvements fall into two In general, a signi The exception is on SR 57 from CR 150S to others show a decrease. show a slight increase over time, while fi Along this stretch of SR 57 traf Street in Washington. Walnut from 2001 to 2005. Figure 33 shows the traf 2001 and showed a slight increase 6. 5. fi Traf 50, US 231, SR 57, SR 257, SR 58, SR 358, SR 558, and SR 645. These counts covered US 2001, and 2005. The roadway along SR 358 through Daviess County varies from a minimum width of 18 feet to a maximum of 18 feet to a minimum width County varies from through Daviess along SR 358 The roadway The parking lanes. are no sections with but there guttering within Plainville, is curb and There feet. width of 26 of 58 feet. of 76 feet to a minimum from a maximum varies SR 358 right-of-way with curb and There are no sections is 24 feet wide. SR 558 through Daviess County The roadway along wide. The SR 558 right-of-way is 88 feet lanes. guttering or parking with curb and There are no sections is 24 feet wide. SR 645 through Daviess County The roadway along wide. The SR 645 right-of-way is 80 feet lanes. guttering or parking b. areas of Daviess County generally The urban County. bikeways/walkways in Daviess There are no separate areas. Because of the traf the downtown areas and in older residential have sidewalks in on the major and minor arterials, bicycles and automobiles would not easily co-exist in Daviess County. on the major and minor arterials, bicycles 68 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Chapter 3: Assessment ofExisting Conditions Ê Average Annual Daily Traffic Daily Average Annual 048 2 Incorporated Areas I-69 PreferredRight-of-Way 11760 - 8011 5061 8010 - 2861 5060 - 2860 1 - 2005 7430 (05) 8720 (01) 10210 (05) 7900 (01) 5060 (05) 4670 (01) ¤ £ 50 « ¬ 57 « ¬ ¤ £ 358 150 890 (05) 990 (01) Figure 33: 5060 (05) 4670 (01) Miles « ¬ 57 7670 (05) 8540 (01) 3220 (05) 2390 (01) 5060 (05) 4670 (01) 1140 (05) 1260 (01) Average Annual DailyTraffi « ¬ 4720 (05) 4620 (01) 58 « ¬ 257 6140 (05) 6390 (01) 1970 (05) 2120 (01) 4240 (05) 3980 (01) 9180 (05) 10710 (01) 2680 (05) 3140 (01) 1510 (05) 1930 (01) ¤ £ 50 « ¬ 57 ¤ £ 150 9440 (05) 9510 (01) « ¬ 58 3530 (05) 4020 (01) c 6750 (05) 7380 (01) ) " 900 8010 (05) 8090 (01) 3500 (05) 3560 (01) ¤ £ 231 « ¬ 558 Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 69

| es fi ed). fi rst segment from I-64 to SR 68 (1.77 miles) fi ve miles south of the US 50 interchange), fi Chapter 3: Assessment of Existing Conditions Assessment Chapter 3: SR 57 (near Daviess County Road 375S) for south Daviess County access (seven miles north of the SR 57 (near Daviess County Road 375S) for south Daviess County access Blackburn Road interchange and roughly on the alignment of CR 250E), and US 50 (east of Washington SR 58 (in the vicinity of CR 500E). CR 700S to be grade-separated, I-697. I-697. • • • • For Section 1 of I-69 from I-64 to SR 64, construction began on the For Section 1 of I-69 from I-64 to SR on July 16, 2008. The balance Section 1 from SR 68 to SR 64 near Oakland City is currently under design, and The balance Section 1 from on July 16, 2008. Transportation by the year 2010 according to the Indiana Department of funding is programmed for construction Plan. Transportation (INDOT) 2030 Long Range 50 and Section 3 of I-69 from US 50 to US 231 have been programmed Section 2 of I-69 from SR 64 to US Environmental Impact Statements for these two sections were The Draft for construction by the year 2015. Section 4 of I-69 public hearings on March 19th and 26th, respectively. released on February 9, 2009 for Plan as an Transportation 2030 Long Range is included in the INDOT from US 231 to SR 37 in Bloomington funds yet to be identi illustrative project dependent on innovative funding (i.e., the source of interchanges are proposed on I-69 at: Within Daviess County, of the US 231-SR 45/58 an interchange is also proposed at US 231 just north Northeast of Daviess County, On February 9, 2009, INDOT Center. near the Crane Naval Surface Warfare intersection in Greene County, the initial construction of I-69 to be built indicated that the south Daviess County interchange may deferred in at a later date. the proposed crossroad treatments When proposed I-69 crosses the East Fork of the White River into Daviess, are as follows: and new interchange construction). Major Moves includes new construction projects, major preservation projects, major new construction Moves includes Major interchange construction). and new Program (INSTIP) Improvement Transportation The Indiana Statewide projects. and resurfacing projects, and identi and Major Moves, Plan Transportation Long Range projects from the expansion draws individual individual or groups of preservation projects. individual or groups and one unfunded four funded long range plan projects Plan includes Transportation Long Range The 25-Year are: 365, 366, 367, and 368. ID numbers for the projects The LRP in Daviess County. long range plan project south Project 365 would be from 9.8 miles four-lane I-69 segments. for construction of new, All four projects are miles north of US 50. 366 would be from US 50 to 8.3 County line) to US 50. Project of US 50 (the Daviess 368 begins inside to 8.4 miles south of US 231. Project be from 8.3 miles north of US 50 Project 367 would south of US 231 to US 231 near The section is from 8.4 miles and ends in Greene County. of Daviess County funding period. of the 2011-2015 All four projects are a part Crane Naval Center. four would widen US 50 (from two to The project ID Number 333. range plan project is LRP The unfunded long to the US 231 junction at Loogootee in Martin County. at CR 200E lanes) from east of Washington is a major preservation project scheduled for US 50 There Daviess County. Major Moves has one project within miles west of US 231 (the start date is listed as 2008). from 7.56 miles west of US 231 to 6.66 for Daviess County that include hot mix asphalt (HMA) includes eight projects for 2008 through 2011 The INSTIP improvements, a small structure replacement, and bridge replacements pavement rehabilitations, intersection Creek and SR 58 2.3 replacements are scheduled for SR 257 at Veale and new bridge constructions. Bridge miles east of SR 358. 70 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Chapter 3: Assessment ofExisting Conditions • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • CR 1000Etobeclosed. CR 900Etobegrade-separated,and CR 800Etobeclosed CR 700Etobegrade-separated, CR 600Etobeclosed, CR 1600Ntobeclosed, CR 1550Ntobeclosed, CR 1500Ntobegrade-separated, CR 1400Nmaybegrade-separatedbutconsideredfor closinginFEIS, CR 500Etobeclosed, SR 58tobeinterchanged, CR 1250Ntobeclosed, CR 1200Ntobegrade-separated, CR 1100N tobeclosed, CR 1000Ntobegrade-separated, CR 900Nmaybegrade-separatedbutconsideredforclosinginFEIS, CR 800Nmaybegrade-separatedbutconsideredforclosinginFEIS, CR 750Nmaybegrade-separatedbutconsideredforclosinginFEIS, CR 550Etobegrade-separated, CR 450Etobegrade-separated, CR 350Etobegrade-separated, CR 350Nmaybegrade-separatedbutconsideredforclosinginFEIS, CR 250EtoberelocatedwestofI-69forcontinuityfrom200N350N, CR 200Ntobegrade-separated, CR 100Ntobegrade-separated, Relocated US50tobeinterchanged, CR 200EtoberelocatedprovideconnectionfromUS50Old50, CR 150StoberelocatedtyingintoSR257eastofI-69, SR 257tobegrade-separated, CR 125Etobegrade-separated, CR 250Stobeclosed, CR Troy-Horrall Roadtobegrade-separated, CR 300Stoberelocatedtyinginto Troy Road northandsouthofI-69, CR 375StobeinterchangedwithconnectorfromHorrallRoad50W, SR57andCR300S, CR 50Wtobegrade-separated, CR 125Wtoberelocated(eastandwestofI-69,butclosedatI-69) CR 450Stobegrade-separated, CR 550Stobegrade-separated, Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 71

| eld serves the far northeast corner of Daviess County eld serves the far northeast corner fi YSTEMS S Chapter 3: Assessment of Existing Conditions Assessment Chapter 3: ISTRIBUTION D elds. Alfordsville purchases water from the Dubois Water Company, which treats the Company, water from the Dubois Water Alfordsville purchases elds. fi AND

REATMENT T ATER NTRODUCTION W UTILITIES I Distribution System Storage Water System Improvements Water Water Treatment and Existing Capacity Treatment Water C. All water utilities in Daviess County were contacted for information about their water treatment plant and for information about their water in Daviess County were contacted All water utilities and Odon. Elnora, Montgomery serve Washington, Municipally-owned water utilities distribution system. The utility infrastructure of the community is essential to supporting urban activities in the community and to supporting urban activities in of the community is essential The utility infrastructure collection system, the the liquid waste treatment and treatment and distribution system, includes the water utilities. and the electric, gas, and communications stormwater collection, 2. 1. Alfordsville, Cannelburg and Plainville purchase water from other sources. Daviess County Rural Water County Rural Water from other sources. Daviess and Plainville purchase water Alfordsville, Cannelburg and serves about 5,900 people in rural areas of Works, Water purchases treated water from the Washington The Eastern Heights Utilities in Bloom Daviess County. The exact capacity at the Montgomery of water is used in Washington. On average, 3.5 MGD to 4.5 MGD per but is adequate for the existing average daily usage of 90,000 gallons water treatment plant was unknown, water treatment plant is approximately The capacity at the Elnora and projected growth of the community. day, The Odon water system draws daily usage is 40,000 gallons per day. 100,000 gallons per day and average the intersection of SR 58 and CR 500E and treats the water for about 1,376 ground water from three wells near persons. b. The service plus a two-mile fringe area. covers the entire city, The water distribution system in Washington The service area of plant includes the town and a small fringe area. area of the Montgomery water treatment Alfordsville distributes the water only the area within the town limits. the Elnora water treatment plan includes Cannelburg and Plainville are to residents of the town only. Company it purchases from the Dubois Water incorporated areas only. assumed to provide water that they purchase to customers inside their c. of there is a capacity Altogether, water is stored in three water towers and two clean wells. In Washington, The each have a single water tower. six million gallons of water that can be stored. Montgomery and Elnora The Elnora tower has a capacity of 35,000 gallons. Montgomery water tower has a capacity of 300,000 gallons. The situation they do not have any water towers or wells for storage. purchases its water, Alfordsville Because Alfordsville. in Plainville and Cannelburg is presumed to be similar in d. The treatment plants in Washington. Improvements were recently completed for the water and wastewater other major improvements have been water treatment plant made a switch from chlorine to UV treatment. No made to any of the water treatment plants. where the WestGate @ Crane Technology Park is located. Technology @ Crane where the WestGate a. own water treatment plants for ground water extracted Elnora and Odon have their Montgomery, Washington, from their individual well water. The Washington water treatment plant has a maximum capacity of ten million gallons per day (MGD). water treatment plant has a maximum The Washington water. 72 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Cannelburg. A small portionofnorthernDaviess Countyreceivesnatural gasfromMidwestNatural Gas Vectren supplies naturalgasservicetomostofDaviessCountyincluding Washington, Montgomeryand Eastern DaviessCounty. Utilities DistrictofWestern Indiana(HoosierEnergy network)servesruralareasandcommunitiesin North Odon andPlainville.Daviess-Martin REMC(HoosierEnergynetwork)serves ruralareasandcommunities. the county. Washington Light&PowerservesWashington andMontgomery. PSIEnergy/CinergyservesElnora, Duke EnergyprovideselectricitytomostofDaviessCounty. Electricpowerissupplied by fourorganizationsin 5. Alfordsville allhaveditchesfortheremovalofstormwater. Washington istheonlycommunitywithacombinedsanitaryandstorm watersewer. Montgomery, Elnora,and 4. problems within Elnora isseekinggrantstomakeimprovementstheirtreatmentplant. All threeofthesecommunitieshave Montgomery collectionsystemincluderehabilitationofaliftstationandrepairstocontrolin and liftstation.RepairswerealsorecentlymadeatthelagooninMontgomery. Otherrepairsweremadetothe Improvements wererecentlymadetotheWashington sewagetreatmentplant,includinganaddedcentrifuge c. sewage collectionsystemcoversonlytheareawithintownlimits. area oftheMontgomerysewagecollectionsystemincludestownandasmallfringearea. The Elnora The sewagecollectionsysteminWashington coverstheentirecity, plusatwo-milefringearea. The service b. is 1.6MGD.Currentaveragedailyusage90,000gallonsperday. lagoon systemforitssewagetreatmentconsistingoftwo plant hasacapacityof80,000gallonsperdayandutilization22,000day. Montgomeryhasa capacity of240,000gallonsperdayandausage150,000day. Plainville’s wastewatertreatment Elnora wastewatertreatmentplantservestheNorthDaviessCountySchoolComplex.Odon’s systemhasa has acapacityof100,000gallonsperday, withcurrentusageof40,000gallons.Inadditiontothetown, sewage treatmentplantissixMGD. The currentaveragedailyusageisfourMGD. The Elnoratreatmentplant Washington, Elnora,OdonandPlainvilleeachhaveasewagetreatmentplant. The capacityoftheWashington a. Montgomery isservedbyasewagelagoonsystem. water treatmentsystemfortheirresidents.Residentsof Alfordsville andCannelburgareallonseptictanks. distribution system.Washington, Elnora,Montgomery, OdonandPlainvilleprovideacentralizedwaste All sewerutilitiesinDaviessCountywerecontactedforinformationabouttheirwatertreatmentplantand 3. areas. extensions andimprovementswilllikelybeneededtoservefuturedevelopmentoutsideexistingincorporated plants willbesuf Current waterusageinallofthesecommunitiesislessthanhalfthecapacity. The existingwatertreatment e. Chapter 3: Assessment ofExisting Conditions Sanitary SystemImprovements Sewage CollectionSystem Sewage Treatment PlantandCapacity Future Water Needs O S L IQUID TORM THER W U W TILITIES ASTE ATER fl ow andin fi T D cient fortheanticipatedpopulationgrowthinthesecommunities.However, waterline REATMENT RAINAGE fi ltration andshouldworktodecreasethisissue.

AND C OLLECTION fi ve-acre ponds. The capacity ofthelagoonsystem fi ltration problems. ltration

Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 73 | ecting an fl eld sports facilities fi shing. West Boggs Park, shing. West fi residents. Daviess shing opportunities to fi ve to eight acres of community parkland per ve to eight acres fi eld sports activities. One-half mile is considered the upper eld sports activities. One-half mile is considered the upper fi ll is located about 1.5 miles north of US 50 near the center of is located about 1.5 miles north of ll fi elds) in addition to the facilities commonly found at neighborhood fi Chapter 3: Assessment of Existing Conditions Assessment Chapter 3: ed according to the population they serve: neighborhood, community or regional. according to the population they serve: neighborhood, community or ed fi ISPOSAL ACILITIES D F ASTE W ECREATION OLID NTRODUCTION R COMMUNITY FACILITIES COMMUNITY I S Park Land and Recreation Facilities Standards Park Land and Recreation Facilities Existing Facilities which is split between Daviess and Martin County, offers camping and offers County, which is split between Daviess and Martin 9. Table can be found in County recreational facilities and amenities b. Parks are functionally classi with the surrounding neighborhood, and provide a multi-purpose area Neighborhood parks are oriented toward and court sports (e.g., basketball, tennis, volleyball) for older children playground facilities for young children, focus on active recreation facilities picnic areas within walking distance of where they live. Neighborhood parks such as walking, picnicking, sitting for abutting residential areas, but also address passive recreation activities mile (1,320 feet) re and viewing. For neighborhood parks, the service area radius is one-quarter For access by bicycle, the park service acceptable or convenient walking distance for 85 percent of the people. The National Recreation distance. radius may be increased to one-half mile which is also the maximum walking suggests that a community should have at least 1.25 to 2.5 acres of neighborhood parkland Association and Park per 1,000 people. and include Community parks provide for the recreational needs of the larger community (e.g., baseball, softball, football and soccer but may also have some community, parks. Community parks also focus on active recreation facilities for the is one-quarter mile for playground passive recreation facilities. For community parks, the service area radius and court sports facilities, and one to two miles for facilities. Greater distances limit for walking and is considered a convenient biking distance to recreational parks may include community centers, involve the automobile as the primary means of access. Community The National Recreation facilities. indoor gyms, outdoor stages and swimming pools as well as major picnic suggests that a community should have Association and Park 1,000 people. a. Area The Glendale State Fish and Wildlife located in Daviess County. There are several recreational facilities the county and may be used for hunting and covers the most recreational land in D. Community facilities are the recreation, education, government, medical, institutional and cultural facilities that education, government, medical, institutional and cultural facilities Community facilities are the recreation, These facilities provide essential services residents of Daviess County. provide services and amenities to the of life in the community. the quality as well as other services that affect 2. 1. 6. Daviess service for residents of Washington. Street Department provides trash pick-up The City of Washington it to a Daviess hauler to pick up trash or take must hire a private not living in Washington County residents Management District also Solid Waste The Daviess County District location. Management County Solid Waste Daviess County Land The accepts recyclables. the county. including Elnora, Odon and Plainville. There are a few internet and phone providers throughout Daviess County, Daviess County, providers throughout internet and phone There are a few Plainville. Elnora, Odon and including provides Communications Charter Telephone. and Smithville AT&T, County RTC, the Daviess-Martin including in Daviess County. phone service cable television, and internet, 74 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Chapter 3: Assessment ofExisting Conditions Two Tennis Courts (one is lighted) One Playground One Two Horseshoe Pits islighted) (one Courts Tennis Two One Shelter One-Shelter SoftballFields Two One BasketballCourt One Lighted Tennis Court One Playground Four Shelters One Playground One Playground Area One Picnic One Shelter One BasketballCourts Playgrounds Two Area One Picnic Two Shelters Courts Basketball Lighted Four lighted) Fields(one Baseball Two Courts Tennis Five One Shelter One Playground Course 18-Hole Golf Boat Ramp Archery Range Areas 20 Picnic WhiteRiver Connects totheEastForkof Area One Picnic One Shelter West Boggs Lake-621Acres (6 Evans Memorial Park (Raglesville Lions Club)-Four Acres North DaviessJunior/Senio Barr-Reeve Junior/Senior Table 9: Raglesville ElementarySchool-SevenAcres 8,060 Acres (1,4 Montgomery RuritanParkand Playground Barr-Reeve Elementary School -TwoAcres School Elementary Barr-Reeve Daviess County Fairgrounds -34Acres Glendale State FishandWildlifeArea 50 Acres (26 acres of which is water) is acresofwhich Acres(26 50 Veale Elementary School-TenAcres Veale Elementary Country OaksGolfClub-156Acres Daviess CountyRecreationalFacilities Flat RockPublic Access Site Elnora Park -6.44Acres Elnora Odon Park-55Acres 00 acres of which is water) is acresofwhich 00 One Lighted Basketball Court One VolleyballCourt Campground Three Lighted BaseballFields Campground One Playground One Playground Lighted Softball Field Softball Lighted One Picnic Area One Picnic Multiple Picnic Areas Multiple Picnic One SoftballField Band Shell Two HorseshoePits Two LightedBasketballCourts Concession Center Four Basketball Courts Basketball Four One BasketballCourt High School-13Acres Two BasketballCourts Two SoftballFields Visitor Center Two HorseshoePits r High School - 15 Acres -15 r HighSchool 21 acres of which is water) is acresofwhich 21 Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 75

| sh fi shing, fi ve to ten acres per 1,000 people. The The ve to ten acres per 1,000 people. fi cial in the county to supply more active fi th Elementary School, Lena Dunn Elementary fi ve private schools. The Washington Community The Washington ve private schools. fi - 16 Acres (Private) - elds, basketball courts, and other active recreational fi Four Basketball Courts One Boat Facility One Lighted Softball Field One Lighted One Picnic Area One Softball Field cient amount of regional parks that include passive cient amount of regional eserve - 933.68 (Private) School - Four Acres fi elds, baseball baseball elds, fi Chapter 3: Assessment of Existing Conditions Assessment Chapter 3: Plainville Elementary Elementary Plainville Elnora White River Site - 1.64 Acres Access Daviess County Recreational Facilities Cont. County Recreational Daviess Plainville Lion's Club Park 1000 Acre Woods Nature Pr Carnahan White River Public - 2.24 Access Site Acres Washington White River Public Access Site - One Acre River Public Access White Washington One Boat Facility The Nature Conservancy One Boat Facility One Picnic Area One Football Field One Playground One Playground One Shelter ACILITIES F DUCATION E Park Land and Recreation Facility Adequacy Park Land and Recreation Facility facilities. These parks should be located away from existing facilities to provide recreational opportunities for facilities. other citizens. Daviess County includes three public school districts and According to the Indiana of students. School Corporation is the largest of the three corporations in terms school year in the Washington Department of Education, there were 2,461 students enrolled for the 2006-2007 The corporation includes the Grif Community School District. Junior High School, and Washington Elementary School, Washington School, North Elementary School, Veale of US 57 and East off High School are located Junior High School and Washington High School. Washington are dispersed throughout the city. The remaining schools Avenue. Walnut of 1,131 during the 2006-2007 school The North Daviess School Corporation had a total student enrollment High This corporation includes the North Daviess Elementary School and the North Daviess Junior/Senior year. The two schools are located next to each other on SR 58 southeast of Elnora. School. 3. Regional or metropolitan parks address outdoor recreation activities such as picnicking, boating, Regional or metropolitan parks address swimming, camping and hiking. These parks concentrate on passive recreation facilities and active recreation These parks swimming, camping and hiking. primary means of access to regional parks is by automobile. The facilities that are unique to the region. acres and are required to have Regional parks contain 200 or more that a community should have 15 to 20 acres of regional/ Association suggests National Recreation and Park metro parkland per 1,000 people. c. Parks should be provided by the incorporated communities in Daviess Neighborhood Parks and Community The existing citizens. for all of the county’s The county should supply enough regional parkland County. park provide a suf and wildlife area, forests, and state these recreational facilities are located in southern and eastern Daviess recreational opportunities. Most of or community parkland may be bene Additional regional County. recreational opportunities, such as soccer 76 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan located inSullivan,LintonandJasper. Samaritan Hospitalisa192-bedmedicalfacilitythatprovidesacutecaretreatment. There arealsohospitals Good SamaritanHospitalistheclosesthospitalwithatraumacenterandlocatedinVincennes. Good Martin CountyandPikearetheonlycountiesneighboringDaviessthatdonothaveahospital. and specialtyservices. side ofWashington. The hospitalisan86-bedfacilitythatoffers avarietyofservicesincludingemergencycare The DaviessCommunityHospitalinWashington istheonlyhospitalinDaviessCounty. Itislocatedontheeast 5. craft classes,genealogyresearchandcomputerclasses. Library islocatedat255E.MainStreet.Eachlibraryoffer avarietyofservicessuchasyouthstorytellingand Washington. The WinklepleckPublicLibraryislocatedat202W. MainStreetinOdon. The PlainvillePublic There arethreepubliclibrariesinDaviessCounty. CarnegiePublicLibraryislocatedat300W. MainStreetin Montgomery. on Northeast4thStreet. The DaviessCountyHighwayDepartmentof and Northeast3rdStreet. There isalsotheDaviessCountyJailandsheriff’s of Washington isthecountyseatofDaviessCounty. The Courthouseisonthe cornerofEastWalnut Street 4. Rivers Vocational Schoolisnotastateaccredited school. Elementary School(RomanCatholic)andWashington CatholicHigh/MiddleSchool(RomanCatholic). Twin affi There areseveralprivateschoolslocatedinWashington. Fouroutofthe city limitsonthenorthwestside. The restoftheseschoolsarelocatedwithinthetownMontgomery. Reeve Junior/SeniorHighSchool.Barr-ReeveSchoolislocatedjustoutsideofMontgomery’s year. This corporationincludestheBarr-ReeveElementarySchool,Barr-ReeveIntermediateSchooland The Barr-ReeveCommunitySchoolDistricthadatotalstudentenrollmentof744duringthe2006-2007school Chapter 3: Assessment ofExisting Conditions liations; GraceChristianSchool(Baptist), Trinity Holiness Academy (Methodist),Washington Catholic M G OVERNMENTAL EDICAL F ACILITIES F ACILITIES fi ce islocatedonEast100Northnear fi ve privateschoolshavereligious fi ce which is

Chapter 4: Community Issues Daviess County Comprehensive Plan

A. LAND USE PLAN COMMITTEE MEETING

On Wednesday, September 3, 2008, urban planners from Bernardin, Lochmueller and Associates, Inc. met with the Daviess County Land Use Plan Committee at the Washington City Hall. This meeting included a review of the plan development process, the content of the proposed plan, and the schedule for preparation of the plan. Members of the committee reviewed and revised the proposed community survey which was later mailed to citizens of unincorporated Daviess County. An exercise was also completed during the meeting to determine the growth and development issues of the county. Each committee member was given an opportunity to list the issues they believed were important to Daviess County. The committee then scored these issues by importance, giving higher scores to those issues they felt were most important. The top ten issues were included in the community survey, and additional issues were added as survey size permitted. The committee ranked these issues as follows (the score given to each issue is in parentheses):

1. Need to encourage improvements to the county roadway system including the maintenance of the existing roadway system as well as making necessary improvements such as reducing the number of gravel roads. (51) 2. Need to encourage the identifi cation of specifi c road corridors to provide direct access for industrial sites to identifi ed interchanges. (39) 3. Need to encourage the designation of potential industrial sites in logical areas of the county. (26) 4. Need to encourage expanded sewage treatment service areas and capacity to serve anticipated growth and development (for all fi ve existing wastewater treatment providers in the county). (25) 5. Need to encourage industrial infrastructure development to create shovel-ready sites with an emphasis on water (especially for fi re protection) and wastewater utilities. (21) 6. Need to encourage residential development, both single-family units and multi-family units to serve anticipated population growth. (11) 7. Need to encourage motorized and non-motorized vehicular east/west access across Interstate 69 in order to maintain safe and continuous traffi c fl ow throughout the county. (11) 8. Need to encourage the development of a county-wide mixed-use traffi c plan that accommodates motorized, non-motorized and pedestrian traffi c. (8) 9. Need to encourage the identifi cation of additional stormwater drainage facilities (ditches, streams, etc.), jurisdictional management responsibilities and necessary management techniques. (7) 10. Need to encourage the enhancement and increased utilization of existing railway lines. (7) 11. Need to encourage expanded service areas for existing water utilities. (6) 12. Need to encourage expanded electronic services, including but not limited to fi ber optics, T1 lines, and high speed internet service. (6) 13. Need to encourage the identifi cation of additional Amish attractions to increase tourism opportunities. (3) 14. Need to encourage local leaders to improve communications with INDOT in order to expand access opportunities to state highways for commercial and industrial development. (3) 15. Need to encourage improvements to existing recreational facilities and tourism destinations. (2) 16. Need to encourage development of greenway paths throughout the county for walking, jogging and biking. (1) 17. Need to encourage the development of additional medical facilities to serve residents throughout the county. (0) 18. Need to encourage development of a comprehensive county-wide public transportation service with a set schedule. (0)

B. COMMUNITY SURVEY

As part of the land use plan process, 3,329 surveys were sent out to residents of Daviess County by direct mail to specifi c rural routes on Wednesday, October 8, 2008. Residents were asked to fi ll out the survey and mail it back to Bernardin, Lochmueller and Associates, Inc. The completed surveys began arriving on October 10 and were collected through November 26, 2008. The results of the surveys were used to determine community issues that need to be addressed in the comprehensive plan. Just over six percent (207) of the surveys

Chapter 4: Community Issues | 77 78 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan protecting theruralnature of thearea,highergraduationrates,andmorebusiness taxincentives. also desirecounty-widezoning andlanduseplanning.Otherdesiresinclude: warehousinganddistribution, skill levels,moremanufacturing, diversi Crane Technology Park andthewelfareofCraneNSWC.Respondentsdesiregoodpayingjobsatall be madeinpreparationfortheinterstate.Otherrespondents hopeforcontinuedgrowthattheWestGate @ interstate reachDaviessCountyby2012. Three respondentsfeeladditionalinfrastructure improvementsshould Five respondentsdesiretoseeI-69builtassoon possible. Onerespondentexpressedadesiretoseethe 3. railroad, limitedinfrastructure,growingpoverty, andlackoflocalpost-secondaryeducation. location, lackofbigcityamenities,landprices,inadequate trainingamongtheworkforce,lackofvision, including unnecessaryredtape,lackofhighpaying jobs,theperceptionthatcountyisnotadestination development. Otherobstaclesincluded:leadershipandexcessivegovernmentinvolvementinprivatebusiness, person isthepublic’s attitudeandafeelingthatthevocalminorityoftendefeatsefforts tobringaboutgrowthand respondents feeltheanticipatedI-69projectisoverdue. The onlyotherobstaclementionedbymorethanone Lack ofinterstateaccesswasthemostoftencitedobstacleamongrespondents.Infact,nearlyhalf the 2. life. geographic location,theanticipationofI-69,coalandnaturalgasindustries,beautyquality of tax rates,availablelandandbuilders,theproximitytoVincennes University, theruralatmosphere,county’s lodging, recreationopportunitieslikethegolfcourse,availabilityoftaxcreditstoattractnewbusiness and community andexistingemployerslikeOlonIndustries,thepresenceofalocalhospitalairport,adequate were mentionedbyseveralrespondents.Otherassetsincluded:theagricultureindustry, thesmallbusiness The positiveattitudesofthepublic,qualityschools,andworkethiccounty’s workforce development aswelltheopportunitiesmadepossiblebynewWestGate @Crane Technology Park. development leaders.ManyrespondentsmentionedtheimportanceofCraneNSWCtoareagrowth and integral tothecounty’s successinattractingindustry. Respondentsalsovaluetheefforts oftheeconomic and development.Onepersonfeelstherelationshipbetweenelectedof A largenumberofrespondentscommentedthatcountyleadershipandelected 1. Interest Groups. Builders, one(1)fromCivicLeaders,two(2)Education,Religious,andOther and business,two(2)fromBankingFinancial,RealEstate,three(3)Developers growth inDaviessCounty. Inthevariouscategories,numberofrespondentsequaled:two(2)fromIndustry Of theleadersselectedtobeinterviewed,16peoplewereavailableandagreeddiscusscurrentfuture and OtherInterestGroups. Business andIndustry, Financial,RealEstate,DevelopersandBuilders,CivicLeaders,Education,Religious Daviess County. Communityleadersarethosepersonsrepresentingoneofeightinterestgroupsincluding In additiontothesurveys,communityleaderswereinterviewedbyphoneaboutcurrentandfuturegrowthin C. agreement withtheissues. The surveythatwassentcanbefoundin Appendix B. were completedandreturned. Table 1showsalistofissuesfromthesurvey, compositescores,andpercent Chapter 4:Community Issues D C C COMMUNITY LEADERINTERVIEW ESIRES URRENT URRENT

FOR O A BSTACLES SSETS F UTURE

TO G G

TO ROWTH ROWTH G ROWTH

AND AND

AND D fi D ed industry, andopportunitiestocompeteforbigindustry. Respondents EVELOPMENT EVELOPMENT D EVELOPMENT fi cials andthebusinesssectorwas fi cials areassetstogrowth

Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 79 Did not Respond Disagree % Strongly % Disagree Somewhat Somewhat % Agree Somewhat Somewhat Chapter 4: Community Issues | Agree % Strongly 1.9 26.2% 51.5% 12.6% 3.0% 16.8% 1.8 43.2%1.8 35.9% 36.4% 10.2%2.0 41.7% 6.0% 29.6% 11.7% 14.7% 44.2% 3.4% 15.0% 16.8% 6.0% 15.1% 1.6 51.9%1.6 35.9% 58.3%1.7 4.4% 22.3% 47.1% 3.4% 9.7%1.7 35.9% 14.7% 4.7% 47.1% 8.7%1.7 15.1% 35.0% 3.4% 45.6%1.7 9.2% 15.1% 37.9%1.8 37.9% 3.4% 9.2% 45.1% 35.0%1.8 15.5% 3.0% 51.9% 7.3% 36.9% 14.7% 5.8% 3.0%1.8 44.2% 2.6% 16.8% 45.6%1.8 10.2% 15.1% 32.0% 2.2% 39.8% 14.6% 16.8% 41.3% 3.9% 9.2% 14.2% 4.3% 15.5% 1.4 71.4% 20.9%1.4 4.4% 72.8%1.5 1.7% 15.5% 58.7% 12.5% 4.9%1.6 29.6% 3.4% 55.8% 5.3% 13.8% 30.1% 2.9% 6.3% 14.2% 3.4% 14.7% Score Composite Community Survey Results Community Table 10: Table electronic service, electronic fication of additional fication of additional ed service areas for ed sewage treatmented sewage the maintenance of the fiber optics, T1 and lines, ements to existing ements to the county ements to the county zed and non-motorized zed ovel-ready sites with an sites with ovel-ready attract new industries to industries attract new an that accommodates d tourism destinations. state highways for state highways tional incentives to aid in the in to aid incentives tional existing water utilities. Need to encourage expand Tourism needs to be better promoted. Need to encourage the development of additional medical facilities to serve residents throughout the county. recreational facilities an stormwater drainage facilities (ditches, stream, etc.), managementjurisdictional and responsibilities managementnecessary techniques. Need to encourage enhancement and increased lines. of existing railway utilization Need to encourage expand to serve anticipated service areas and capacity and developmentgrowth (for all five existing treatmentwastewater providers in the county). Need to encourage improv Need to encourage the identi Need to create addi and manufacturing ofgrowth existing industrial businesses. Daviess County. Daviess Need to encourage development the of county- a mixed-usewide traffic pl needs to build on existing Daviess County attractions. Incentives are needed to Incentives infrastructure Need to encourage industrial development sh to create Need to encourage expanded including but not limited to high speed internet services. motorized, non-motorized and pedestrian traffic. Need to encourage of the identification specific road sites for access industrial direct provide to corridors to identified I-69 interchanges. leaders to improveNeed to encourage local communications INDOT with order to expand in access to opportunities for fire protection) emphasis (especially on water utilities.and wastewater Need to encourage motori across Interstate access in 69 east/west vehicular order to maintain safe traffic and continuous flow throughout the county. Need to encourage of the designation potential areas of the county. logical sites in industrial commercial development. and industrial Need to encourage improv including system, roadway making as as well system roadway existing improvementsnecessary the such as reducing number roads.. of gravel Somewhat Agree (1.6-2.4) Strongly Agree (1.0 - 1.5) 80 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan home parks or mobile home subdivisions. home ormobile parks home should onlyMobile homes belocated in mobile opportunities. tourism toincrease attractions Amish theidenti Need toencourage biking. throughout thecounty fo greenway of development Need toencourage paths withservice asetschedule. county-widecomprehensive publictransportation a of development Need toencourage anticipated population growth. units,toserve unitsandmulti-family single-family reside Need toencourage Chapter 4:Community Issues r walking, jogging and jogging r walking, ntial development, both ntial development, fication of additional of fication Composite Score . 16 89 99 33 14.2% 23.3% 14.7% 19.9% 12.1% 16.4% 18.9% 18.9% 11.6% 15.9% 31.6% 46.1% 17.5% 7.3% 17.5% 2.4 36.9% 16.4% 22.8% 2.3 26.7% 5.2% 41.3% 23.3% 2.2 22.3% 43.2% 2.2 21.8% 2.1 % Strongly % Strongly Agree Somewhat Agree % Somewhat Disagree % % Strongly % Strongly Disagree Respond Did not Did not Chapter 5: Future Vision Daviess County Comprehensive Plan

A. INTRODUCTION

1. FUTURE VISION

The future vision for the physical development of Daviess County for the year 2030 is refl ected in the policy and objectives statements (and associated development review guidelines) of the community. These policies, objectives and guidelines serve as the basis for developing and evaluating future land use patterns for the community, and as the basis, in conjunction with the future land use map, for determining consistency of proposed development and infrastructure investments with the comprehensive plan.

2. DEVELOPMENT OF THE VISION

With the assistance of the Land Use Plan Steering Committee, the future vision for Daviess County was developed through a community survey, interviews of community leaders, a general public meeting, and written public comment. The initial input of the Land Use Plan Steering Committee, community survey, and community leader interviews helped identify growth and development issues of concern unique to Daviess County. These are documented in Chapter 4 of the comprehensive plan.

B. POLICIES AND OBJECTIVE STATEMENTS

Many people think of a comprehensive plan as only a future land use map. While a future land use map may be one of the end products of the comprehensive plan, it is not the foundation of the plan. Throughout the Midwest (including Indiana and surrounding states), the foundation for a comprehensive plan is the future vision for the community as expressed in goals, objectives, principles, polices, or guidelines. The Indiana state enabling legislation for comprehensive planning (I.C. 36-7-4-500) implicitly recognizes that a plan must be more than a map.

A well-designed plan is based on a set of objectives and policies. It is this collection of objectives and policies that is essential to good planning, not the map. Indiana’s planning enabling statute recognizes this fact by requiring only three elements in a comprehensive plan. Indiana Code 36-7-4-502 states:

“A comprehensive plan must contain at least the following elements:

1) A statement of objectives for the future development of the jurisdiction. 2) A statement of policy for the land use development of the jurisdiction. 3) A statement of policy for the development of public ways, public places, public lands, public structures and public utilities.”

Governed by a well-enunciated set of objectives and policies, development decisions will be made in a predictable, orderly manner. While these objectives and policies are the foundation for the Daviess County Comprehensive Plan, the plan includes several other elements (including a land use development plan or future land use map, a transportation/thoroughfare plan, a utilities plan, a community facilities plan, an open space and recreation plan, and an environmental plan) to assist in the interpretation and application of the objectives and policies. These additional elements of the land use plan are expressly permitted by Indiana Code 36-7-4- 502 and 506.

In determining consistency of a development proposal with the plan, the Daviess County Comprehensive Plan establishes two tests: Consistency with the future land use map and consistency with development guidelines. If the fi rst test fails, the second test becomes paramount as the development guidelines are an expression of the development objectives and policies of the community.

The development policies and objectives that follow have been drafted to refl ect the input of the community as expressed by the community survey, community leadership interviews, Land Use Plan Steering Committee and public comments expressed through workshops and hearings during the process.

Chapter 5: Future Vision | 83 84 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Promote appropriateandorderly developmentandgrowththroughoutDaviessCounty. Goal 1(GrowthManagement): 4. improvements thatitnecessitateswheneverpossible. necessary forallnewandexpandeddevelopment, newdevelopmentshouldjustifythecostofinfrastructure new orreconstructedroadways,particularlyinand about the Amish community. Adequate infrastructureis facilities, etc.).Specialconsiderationshallbegiven totheaccommodationofnon-motorizedvehiclesinall particular publicinfrastructuresystem(whetherroads, sewers,waterlines,stormwaterdrainage,recreation industrial sitesforexpandedemploymentopportunities) andimprovestheoverallcost-effectiveness ofthe only whensuchanexpansionaddressesaspeci practices thatemphasizemaintenanceandenhancementofexistingfacilities,theexpansionfacilities schools, publictransportationandnon-motorizedtravel. This policypromotesinfrastructureimprovement and employmentcommercialareas,toimproveaccessforemergencyservices,transportation to residential areasandcommunityfacilities,betweenseveredagriculturalareas, to proposedI-69interchanges,improvelocalcirculationacrossthecorridorforconnectivitybetween Infrastructure Policyworkstoimprovetransportationfacilitiesprovideimprovedaccessfrombusinesses protecting DaviessCounty’s historicheritageanditssurroundingnaturalscenicbeauty. The Community orderly andcost-effective developmentandtoensurethecontinuedhighqualityoflifeforallcitizenswhile develop publicways,places,lands,structures,andutilitiesnecessarytoassure In implementingthiscomprehensiveplan,thecommunityinfrastructurepolicyofDaviessCounty is to 3. development opportunities,includingtourism. will bepreservedandenhancedfortheenjoymentofcommunitytostrengthenassociatedeconomic effi mix ofhousingopportunitiesforallagesandincomes.Developmentwillbeencouragedtomakethe most appearance ofthecounty. This policyencouragesresidentialdevelopmentthatprovidestheappropriate properties whereappropriate,toimprovepropertyvalues,stabilizepublicrevenues,andenhancethevisual areas. Further, itfostersrevitalization,rehabilitation,reuse,andredevelopmentofresidentialcommercial of DaviessCountyasadesirableplacetoliveandworkfacilitateplacesaccessibleresidential in anorderlyandsafemanner. This policywillpromotelandusepracticesdesignedtocontinuedevelopment 58, rail,andfutureI-69. This policywillencouragetheestablishmentandexpansionofcommercialfacilities job opportunitiesthroughoutDaviessCounty, buildingonthetransportationassetsofUS50/150,SR57, and man-madeenvironmentalassets.Economicdevelopmentopportunitieswillbeencouragedtoexpand people whilemaintainingtheintegrityofDaviessCountyasaruralcountyandprotectingitsuniquenatural orderly growthanddevelopmentthatexpandsfutureemploymentopportunitiesmeetslivingneedsofall In implementingthiscomprehensiveplan,thelandusedevelopmentpolicyofDaviessCountyistofoster 2. environment, increasingqualityemploymentopportunities,andpromotingtourismareallhighpriorities. development opportunities.Preservinguniquehistoric,naturalandruralfeaturesthatfosterapositiveliving Daviess Countystrivestobeagreatplacelive,work,andvisitbyembracingchangethatfosterseconomic 1. Chapter 5:Future Vision cient useofexistingandplannedinfrastructure. The uniquehistoricandnatural assetsofthecommunity G C L V AND OMMUNITY OALS ISION Objective 1.2: Objective 1.1: U

S AND SE TATEMENT D O I EVELOPMENT NFRASTRUCTURE BJECTIVES

Consider the creation oflandusecontrols (zoningandsubdivision ordinances)to the proposedI-69interchanges atUS50andSR58. Encourage appropriatefuture commercialandindustrialdevelopmenttolocate near

FOR P OLICY F P UTURE OLICY D EVELOPMENT fi c need (suchasthecreationofmarketablecommercialand Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 85 | that provide ed industrial sites fi c income levels such as subdivision Chapter 5: Future Vision Chapter 5: Future Vision fi ed commercial and industrial sites. ed fi Consider upgrading, widening and straightening CR 200E from a gravel road to a widening and straightening CR Consider upgrading, and anticipated Airport, connecting US 50, the Daviess County 24 foot paved road development. protect investment in properties and infrastructure, and to preserve the revenue base the revenue and to preserve and infrastructure, in properties protect investment of the county. Address decaying and blighted residential properties through a combination of Address decaying and blighted residential properties through a combination enforcement incentive opportunities (such as low cost housing rehabilitation loans) and property (such as building and property condition enforcement targeted at absentee owner. owners) while ensuring sensitivity to the economic capacity of the property development and gated communities. Encourage residential development, both single-family and multi-family units, to Encourage residential development, both single-family and multi-family serve anticipated population growth. Encourage residential development for speci Identify and preserve industrial sites for business expansion, relocation, and industrial sites for business Identify and preserve attraction. available at identi Ensure that adequate roadways are easy access to future I-69 interchanges. adequate access to State and U.S. Highways at Ensure that there is available and identi and encourage new business and industry Provide incentive opportunities to attract in Daviess County. existing and proposed industrial and commercial Provide adequate infrastructure to development (shovel ready sites). sites to ensure suitable sites for immediate retain and assist in the expansion of existing Provide incentive opportunities to businesses in Daviess County. Amish community industries in and about the Enable the location of businesses and workforce. Amish for the so as to minimize commuting distances the vacated portion of US 50 for commercial/ In the event that US 50 is rerouted, utilize industrial access road. County to Consider expanding the boundaries of incorporated towns in Daviess the towns can support infrastructure, enhance growth opportunities. In this way, expansion and commercial, Industrial and residential development.

Objective 1.3: Objective 3.3: Objective 3.2: Objective 3.1: Objective 2.2: Objective 2.3: Objective 2.4: Objective 2.5: Objective 2.6: Objective 2.7: Objective 2.8: Objective 2.9: Objective 2.1: Goal 3 (Housing): areas, consistent with the rural Ensure residential development that is compatible with existing residential all age and housing, and serves property values, provides opportunities for affordable preserves character, income groups. Goal 2 (Economic Development): Goal 2 (Economic of commercial and appropriate for the expansion development opportunities in areas Enhance economic industrial uses. 86 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan address congestion,tofacilitategoodsmovement,andstimulateeconomicgrowth. Preserve andenhanceexistingtransportationcorridorsinDaviessCountywhileprovidingnew to Goal 5(Transportation): and ruralcharacter. Protect man-madeandnaturalenvironmentalfeaturesinDaviessCountythatcontributetothehistoric,natural, Goal 4(Environment): Chapter 5:Future Vision Objective 3.6: Objective 3.5: Objective 3.4: Objective 5.3: Objective 5.2: Objective 5.1: Objective 4.4: Objective 4.3: Objective 4.2: Objective 4.1:

ensure anydevelopmentinsuchareasminimizeadverseenvironmentalimpacts. home andmeetexistinglandcovenances. roof withoverhangsandotherdesignfeaturesthatgivetheappearanceofasite-built by ensuringsuchhomeshaveaminimal detached homeareasprovidedthestructuresarecompatiblewithsurroundinghomes Permit manufacturedhomesandmodularonlotsintraditionalsingle-family detached housing). ensure compatibilitywithsurroundinglanduses(particularlytraditionalsingle-family a not placedonapermanentfoundationormayexceed16feetinwidthhave Locate code-qualifyingmobilehomes(manufacturedonachassisthatare County. Encourage thedevelopmentofadditionalmoderatelypricedhousinginDaviess Identify andimprovespeci order tomaintainsafeandcontinuoustraf Encourage motorizedandnon-motorizedvehiculareast/west accessacrossI-69in as reducingthenumberofgravelroads. of theexistingroadwaysystemaswellmaking necessaryimprovementssuch Encourage improvementstothecountyroadwaysystem, includingthemaintenance (fl Discourage developmentinareassubjecttosevereenvironmentalconstraints land use. infrastructure improvements)whileensuringthereuseiscompatiblewithsurrounding opportunities (lowinterestrehabilitationloans,historicstructuretaxreductions, Facilitate theadaptivereuseofblighted/decayinghistoricstructuresthroughincentive Identify andpreservetheeconomicallyviablehistoricstructuresinDaviessCounty. owners toenhancetheappearanceoftheseproperties. Determine thestatusofownershipblighted/decayingpropertiesandworkwith easy accesstofutureI-69interchangessuchas: oodplains, steepslopes,wetlands,signi fl e. d. c. b. a. at roof)inexclusivesubdivisionswithappropriatescreeningandbuffering to Sr 57fromBusinessUS50 northtotheDaviessCountyLine Cannelburg Road(900E)from US50toSR58inOdon 200E fromtheairporttoUS 50andtheI-69interchange SR 57fromBusinessUS50 toUS50 US 50andtheI-69interchange 550 Nto450E200N 200E fromthe Amish CommunitytoWashington at fi c roadcorridorsatidenti fl oor area,apermanentfoundation,sloped fi c fi cant naturalwildlifehabitats,etc.)and fl ow throughoutthecounty. fi ed industrialsitesthatprovide Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 87 | nancial resources for nancial resources fi c plan that accommodates fi c. Chapter 5: Future Vision Chapter 5: Future Vision fi ows in all parts of the county. ows fl ber optics, T1 lines, and high speed internet services. optics, ber ltration and distribution system to ensure the system is adequate for existing Provide adequate infrastructure to existing and proposed industrial and commercial Provide adequate infrastructure to development (shovel ready sites). sites to ensure suitable sites for immediate including but not systems in the county, Encourage expanded telecommunication limited to fi Ensure consideration is given to the accommodation of non-motorized vehicles is given to the accommodation Ensure consideration pedestrians in all new or drawn vehicles and bicycles) and (including horse reconstructed roadways. existing railway lines. and increased utilization of Encourage enhancement service. Solutions county-wide public transportation Promote the RIDE paths throughout the county for walking, Encourage the development of greenway jogging, and biking. of the county airport including lengthening of Encourage expansion and utilization runways to accommodate larger aircraft. motorized, non-motorized, and pedestrian traf motorized, non-motorized, Improve communications with INDOT to expand access opportunities to State and opportunities to expand access INDOT communications with Improve development. and industrial for future commercial U.S. Highways traf of a countywide mixed-use Encourage the development Ensure that the county has appropriate natural or man-made drainage systems to Ensure that the county has appropriate adequately accommodate stormwater County understand their management Ensure that all jurisdictions in Daviess and wastewater, responsibilities and improve management techniques of the water, stormwater systems in the county. sewage treatment providers to Encourage upgrades and expansions by the county’s and provides ensure the service is adequate for existing businesses and residents residual capacity to accommodate anticipated future development. areas of Consider alternative sewer systems that may be more appropriate in some the county than the extension of existing lines. (maintenance Encourage the development of a long-term capital assets program use of program) in Daviess County to ensure the effective infrastructure. repairs to the county’s water multiple suppliers of water to improve the county’s Encourage the County’s fi anticipated businesses and residents and provides residual capacity to accommodate future development.

Objective 6.1: Objective 6.2: Objective 5.7: Objective 5.8: Objective 5.9: Objective 5.10: Objective 5.6: Objective 5.5: Objective 5.4: Objective Objective 6.5: Objective 6.6: Objective 6.7: Objective 6.8: Objective 6.3: Objective 6.4: Goal 6 (Utilities): and sewer system, water distribution system, stormwater facilities, Ensure adequate availability of a sanitary the while taking advantage of new growth opportunities that strengthen other utilities for existing development utilities and that support economic development initiatives. economic performance of the public 88 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan

for allresidentsandvisitorsofDaviessCounty. Ensure adequateavailabilityofentertainment,recreation, education,andmedicalservicestomeetallnecessities Goal 9(Community): Preserve andenhancetourismopportunitiesthroughoutDaviessCounty. Goal 8(Tourism): Preserve andenhancetheparksrecreationalfacilitiesservingresidentsofDaviessCounty. Goal 7(Recreation): Chapter 5:Future Vision Objective 6.12: Objective 6.11: Objective 6.10: Objective 6.9: Objective 9.2: Objective 9.1: Objective 8.3: Objective 8.2: Objective 8.1: Objective 7.4: Objective 7.3: Objective 7.2: Objective 7.1:

for capturingmethanegasesatthecounty-ownedland Encourage utilizationandexpansionofrecyclingopportunities,includingthepotential and windenergyproduction,bio-fuelproduction. such asconstructedwetlandsforstormwaterandwastewatermanagement,solar Encourage theimplementationofinnovativegreensustainableutilityimprovements, long termrevenue,tooperateandmaintaintheexistingsystems. Perform anannualreviewofsewerandwaterratestoensureadequateshort and maintainexistingcapitalinvestments. examine utilityuserratesonanannualbasistoensuresuf tap-ins andlaterallineextensionstoensurenewdevelopmentpaysitsownway Examine thefi in DaviessCounty. Retain youngerpopulations byincreasinghigh-qualityjobopportunitiesandamenities throughout thecounty. Consider theadditionof more medicalcareprovidersandurgentfacilities their owncounty. surrounding countiesandinformDaviessCountyresidents ofwhatisavailablein Better promotetheavailabletouristattractionsin countytoattractresidentsof tourism destinations. Rehabilitate andreplaceexistingfacilitieswhereneeded atthecounty’s existing particularly thoseassociatedwiththe Amish communityinthecounty. Build onexistingattractionsinDaviessCountytoincreasetourismopportunities, residents morerecreationalopportunities. Consider theadditionofmoreparksandpublicareasinDaviessCountytooffer education, recreation,andothercommunityfacilitiesthroughoutthecounty. Encourage thedevelopmentofbicycle,walkway, andtrailconnectionsbetween Standards. new facilitiesandactivitiesatexistingparkstomeetIndianaOutdoorRecreation Maintain, rehabilitate,andreplaceexistingfacilities,considertheadditionof facilities. Promote improvementsandfurtherutilizationofexistingparksrecreational nancial policiesregardingsanitarysewerandwaterlineextensions fi ll. fi cient revenuestooperate Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 89 | Chapter 5: Future Vision Chapter 5: Future Vision c on streets, and to provide amenities such as walkways, curbs, trees fi Increase the coordination of community planning efforts in Daviess County. in Daviess of community planning efforts Increase the coordination standards such as zoning and subdivision Consider the creation of development regulations. tax base to support public expenditures. Improve and maintain an adequate Support a cooperative, continuing and comprehensive economic development development economic and comprehensive a cooperative, continuing Support County. business to Daviess to retain and attract program and tourism destinations. to existing recreational facilities Encourage improvements in the Amish population such as the cultures in Daviess County, Promote the diverse county.

EVELOPMENT D SE U Objective 10.2: Objective 10.3: Objective 10.1: Objective 9.4: Objective 9.5: Objective 9.3: Objective AND L GUIDELINES Residential Uses and vegetation (including street lights and curb-and-gutter when within and adjacent to incorporated areas and and vegetation (including street lights and curb-and-gutter when within major non-incorporated area population concentrations). densities: R-4: Evaluate residential development on the basis of the following gross Low: Up to four dwelling units per acre. Medium: Greater than four and up to eight dwelling units per acre. High: Greater than eight and up to ten dwelling units per acre. a. is compatible with existing, abutting residential or non-residential R-1: Ensure new residential development exceed two stories), mass and scale. development in size, height (not to (fences, walls or other physical barriers, vegetation, or physical and screening R-2: Ensure adequate buffering of structure, windows and balconies) that mitigate nuisances separation) or other techniques (location illuminated signs, loud noises, vibration, dust, vehicle fumes, junk, outdoor (automobile lights, outdoor lighting, existing higher density residential uses storage, parking lots, etc.) when new residential development adjoins or existing non-residential uses. adequate lot sizes and shapes for R-3: Encourage the design of new residential development to provide drainage channels where possible, housing, to preserve natural tree stands to the extent practical, to use natural to discourage speeding and through-traf C. 1. In addition to the Land Use Development Policy Statement, the Public Infrastructure Policy Statement and the Policy Statement, the Public Infrastructure Policy Statement and In addition to the Land Use Development guidelines are to be used to determine consistency of the proposed Development Objectives, the following with the plan. development and infrastructure investment Goal 10 (Government): County residents nearby local governments and Daviess communication between county and Encourage greater of future goals. to ensure the accomplishment 90 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan physical separation)orother techniques(locationofstructure,windowsandbalconies) thatmitigatenuisances O-3: Ensureadequatebuffering andscreening (fences, wallsorotherphysicalbarriers,vegetation, or development insize,height (nottoexceedtwostoriesoutsidedowntown),mass andscale. O-2: Ensureoffi side. exceed 10,000squarefeet),height(nottotwo stories),mass,scale,yardsandparkingtotherearor structure oranynewthathasthecharacter oftheabuttingresidentialuserelativetosize(not transitional usesfromresidentialtoretailwhen theof O-1: Encouragethelocationof b. minimize theadverseimpactonsuchnaturalareas. Encouragelargelot,andverylowdensitydevelopmentwhenforests andwetlandsareaffected to R-16: agricultural production. Encouragetheclusteringofhomesin primeagriculturalareastominimizetheamountoflandlostfrom R-15: compatible withadjacentresidentialuses. Permitinnovativehousingtypesand designsthatenablein R-14: screening andbuffering toensurecompatibilitywithsurroundinglanduses. Encourageinnovativeresidentialdevelopmentsthatmixhousingtypesanddensitieswithappropriate R-13: subdivisions withappropriatescreeningandbuffering toensurecompatibilitywithsurroundinglanduses. foundation, ordoesnotexceed16feetinwidth,hasa R-12: Permitnewmobilehomes(manufacturedhomeonachassisthatisneverplacedpermanent permanent foundationsandarecompatibleinsize,masscharacterofadjoiningresidentialdevelopment. R-11: Allow manufacturedhomesandmodularonlotscreatedinolderareasprovidedsuchare R-10: Prohibitnewresidentialdevelopmentinthe100-year structure. R-9: Limit“medium”and“high”densityresidentialstructuretypestonomorethan12dwellingunits per stories. R-8: Discouragedwellingunitdensitiesinexcessoftenunitsperacreandstructurestwo environmental limitations. and wherethesiteisnotaffected bywetlandsorwithina R-7: Locate“high”densityresidentialdevelopmentonlywherethemajoraccesspointistoan“arterial”street the highestavailablefunctionalclassforprimaryaccesstosite. constraints (wetlands, R-6: Limitresidentialdevelopmenttothe“medium”or“low”densitycategorywhensitehasenvironmental areas). on ,oradjacenttosigni or “arterial”streetprimaryaccesspassesthrougha“lowdensity”residentialareaandb)whenthesitein, R-5: Limitresidentialdevelopmenttothe“lowdensity”categorya)whenmajoraccessisnotfroma“collector” Chapter 5:Future Vision Offi ce Uses ce development iscompatiblewithexisting,abuttingresidentialor othernon-residential fl oodplains, steepslopes)othersevereenvironmentallimitationsora“collector”streetis fi cant naturalresources(primeagriculturallands,wetlandsandwetsoilsforested fi ces inplannedcommercialcentersandof fl oodplain, onsteepslopesoraffected byothersevere fl oodplain. fi fl ce useinvolvesthe conversionofaresidential at roof)inmobilehomeparksor fi ll housingonvacantlotswhileremaining fi ce centers,andas Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 91 | ce and other ce and fi Chapter 5: Future Vision Chapter 5: Future Vision ce development adjoins existing residential uses or residentially zoned uses or residentially residential adjoins existing ce development fi ce building setbacks from all property lines, with parking location, signing and lighting that are with parking location, signing and lighting setbacks from all property lines, ce building fi ce uses. fi ne adult entertainment or the sale of adult materials to industrial areas with adequate separation ne Commercial Uses Industrial Uses areas, or adjoins other existing non-residential uses. non-residential adjoins other existing areas, or O-4: Ensure of adjoining residential use. compatible with any c. expansion of existing in planned centers, permit the the location of new commercial uses C-1: Encourage the conversion of non- with abutting uses, and permit as long as the expansion is compatible commercial uses with abutting structure is compatible in character to retail uses as long as the converted commercial structures residential uses. serving residential areas (such as nondurable and convenient goods sales C-2: Encourage commercial uses within or adjacent to residential areas. and personal services) to be located the greater community (such as durable goods sales, land-extensive C-3: Encourage commercial uses serving feet and auto-oriented retail uses) to be located on “arterial” streets. uses, structures over 10,000 square compatible with existing, abutting residential development or residentially C-4: Ensure retail development is feet), height (not to exceed two stories), mass and scale. zoned areas in size (10,000 square (fences, walls or other physical barriers, vegetation, or physical and screening C-5: Ensure adequate buffering of structure, windows and balconies) that mitigate nuisances separation) or other techniques (location illuminated signs, loud noises, vibration, dust, vehicle fumes, junk, outdoor (automobile lights, outdoor lighting, uses or expanded commercial development adjoins existing residential storage, parking lots, etc.) when new or adjoins of that from all property lines, with parking location, signing and lighting C-6: Ensure commercial building setbacks use. are compatible with any adjoining residential when commercial uses are adjacent to residential, of C-7: Limit outdoor storage and displays (automobile lights, outdoor lighting, illuminated signs, loud noises, vibration, dust, vehicle fumes, junk, outdoor vehicle fumes, vibration, dust, signs, loud noises, lighting, illuminated lights, outdoor (automobile when new of lots, etc.) storage, parking commercial uses. C-8: Prohibit non-premises signs (i.e., billboards) in commercial areas. from residential uses and community C-9: Locate businesses serving or selling alcoholic beverages away churches and other public/quasi-public facilities such as parks, schools, public buildings, medical facilities, institutions. C-10: Confi uses (schools and daycare from residential, public recreation uses (parks and playgrounds), educational centers) and institutional uses (libraries, museums, churches, etc.). d. centers or adjacent to existing industrial I-1: Encourage the location of new industrial uses in planned industrial expansion is compatible with abutting areas; and permit the expansion of existing industrial uses as long as the uses. and screening (fences, walls or other physical barriers, vegetation, or physical I-2: Ensure adequate buffering balconies) that mitigate nuisances separation) or other techniques (location of structure, windows and 92 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan recreational facilitiesandare poorlylocatedrelativetotheresidentialareasbeing served. P-11: Consider thereuseofplaygroundsandparksthatlacksuf maintenance. size (atleasttwoacres)toaccommodatetypicalneighborhood recreationalfacilitiesandtofacilitatepark mile walkingradiusand1/2-milebikingradius)tocommunity residentsensuringtheparksareofaminimum P-10: Wheremajorpopulationconcentrationsexist, provideneighborhoodparksthatareaccessible(1/4- maintained. existing parks,providedsuchparklandmeetsademonstrated needandcanbeadequatelydeveloped P-9: Take advantage of opportunitiestoexpandparklandwhensuchparcelsbecomeavailableadjacent needs ofDaviessCountyresidents. P-8: Emphasizetheexpansionofexistingparksover theacquisitionofnewparkstoaddressrecreation P-7: Improvepedestrianandbicycleaccesstowithinexistingparks,historicnatureareas. Daviess CountyandthatdoesnotduplicateotherfacilitiesinCounty. P-6: Ensuretheimprovementofrecreationfacilitieswithademonstratedneedthatservesresidents of additional parkland. P-5: Giveprioritytothemaintenanceandimprovementofrecreationfacilitiesatexistingparksbeforeacquiring lighting thatarecompatiblewithanyadjoiningresidentialuse. P-4: Ensurepublic/quasi-publicbuildingsetbacksfromallpropertylines,withparkinglocation,signing and storage, parkinglots,etc.)whenneworexpandedpublic/quasi-publicusesadjoinexistingresidentialuses. (automobile lights,outdoorlighting,illuminatedsigns,loudnoises,vibration,dust,vehiclefumes,junk, physical separation)orothertechniques(locationofstructure,windowsandbalconies)thatmitigatenuisances P-3: Ensureadequatebuffering andscreening(fences,wallsorotherphysicalbarriers,vegetation, size, height(nottoexceedtwostories),massandscale. P-2: Ensurepublic/quasi-publicdevelopmentiscompatiblewithexisting,abuttingresidential in P-1: Locateorexpandpublicandquasi-publicfacilitieswherethereisademonstratedneed. e. workforce. I-6: Allow industriesinandaboutthe Amish communitytominimizethecommutingdistancefor Amish equipment toindustrialareas. I-5: Confi I-4: Prohibittheoutdoordisplayorstorageofmaterialsinareaszonedforlightindustrialuse. are compatiblewithanyadjoiningnon-industrialuse. I-3: Ensureindustrialbuildingsetbacksfromallpropertylines,withparkinglocation,signingandlightingthat residentially zonedareas,oradjoinsotherexistingnon-residentialuses. storage, parkinglots,etc.)whenneworexpandedindustrialdevelopmentadjoinsexistingresidentialuses (automobile lights,outdoorlighting,illuminatedsigns,loudnoises,vibration,dust,vehiclefumes,junk, Chapter 5:Future Vision Public/Quasi-Public Uses ne thecommercialsale,repairandstorageoftrucks,trailers, modularhomes,boatsandfarm fi cient sizetoaccommodate typicalneighborhood Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 93 | ow of delivery fl Chapter 5: Future Vision Chapter 5: Future Vision ned by the thoroughfare plan. ned by the thoroughfare fi ows for higher intensity uses through low intensity use areas. ows fl c c. fi

c carrying capacity while providing access to abutting properties. c ce uses, and to churches and other institutional uses. ce uses, and to churches fi NFRASTRUCTURE I ne through-trucks to collector and arterial streets. ne through-trucks to collector and arterial EVELOPMENT icts and to preserve traffi icts D Transportation Sewage Treatment and Collection System Sewage Treatment uent. a. to adequate streets that have the capacity land use changes are served by Ensure all development and T-1: site-generated traf accommodate the T-2: Provide for the movement of pedestrians through the provision of walkways, trails and sidewalks for all of walkways, trails and sidewalks of pedestrians through the provision Provide for the movement T-2: to neighborhood educational and recreational facilities, and enhance pedestrian access to new development; of serving retail and non-motorized vehicles, roadway, to accommodate required and anticipated Provide adequate right-of-way T-3: is consistent with the through dedication; and improvements, utilities and landscaping walkway and bikeway de and roadway cross section as functional designation or reconstructed roadways to accommodate non-motorized Incorporate appropriate design features in new T-4: and bicycles) and pedestrians. vehicles (including horse drawn vehicles development for the proper functioning of streets,non- Provide adequate access to, from and through T-5: and for emergency vehicles. motorized vehicles, walkways and bikeways, the creation of streets or traffi Avoid T-6: T-7: Ensure adequate access control, location and design of driveways along arterial streets to reduce vehicle Ensure adequate access control, location and T-7: confl 2. T-8: Provide adequate off-street parking and loading for the type and intensity of proposed uses and for the parking and loading for Provide adequate off-street T-8: mode of access to the development. transportation facilities over the construction of new, Give preference to the preservation of existing T-9: facilities. extended or expanded transportation infrastructure to areas of vacant industrial structures or land Give priority to the provision of roadway T-10: transportation facilities are evaluated. when projects that involve new or expanded capital improvements to streets to improve safety and facilitate the Emphasize low-cost T-11: pavement widenings at corners. and service trucks such as minor widenings of town thoroughfares and Confi T-12: a strategy to preserve and construct new roadway corridors to relieve congestion, facilitate Develop T-13: goods movement and foster economic growth. b. system so that they can adequately S-1: Maintain the existing sewage treatment plant and sewage collection accommodate existing development. adequate centralized sanitary sewer S-2: Ensure all development and land use changes are served by an of the site-generated liquid waste system that has the capacity to accommodate the magnitude and type effl to strengthen the economic performance of the sewage treatment and advantage of opportunities Take S-3: extensions. collection system through new development tap-ins and minor trunk line 94 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 3. 100-year E-2: Prohibitnewresidentialdwellingsinthe100-year increase in E-1: Restrictdevelopmentinthe100-year defi D-3: Examinetheadequacyoffl development topreventincreasedwater D-2: Ensureadequatestormwaterretention/detentionfacilitiesinconjunctionwithanyneworexpanded improvement ofnaturalandman-madedrainagesystemstoadequatelyaccommodatestormwater D-1: Explorethemanagementstructures,capitalcostsand d. StormwaterDrainage the capacitytoaccommodatedomesticand W-3: Ensurealldevelopmentandlandusechangesareservedbyadequatepotablewaterfacilitiesthathave suffi W-2: Examinetheratestructureofwatertreatmentanddistributionsystemonanannualbasistoensure performance ofthedrinkingwatersystem. while takingadvantageofnewdevelopmenttap-insandminormainextensionsthatimprovetheeconomic W-1: Ensurethewaterfi c. S-8: Prohibittheconnectionofstormwaterdrainstosanitarysewersystem. to connectacentralizedsewersystem. S-7: Examinefi from incorporatedareas. holding pits,etc.)withtheexceptionofindustrialpretreatmentfacilities,residentialandagriculturalusesdistant S-6: Prohibitanynewdevelopmentinvolvingon-sitesewagetreatmentsystems(septictankswithlateral development paysitsownway. S-5: Examinethefi to operateandmaintainthesystem. S-4: Examinetheratestructureofsanitarysewersystemonanannualbasistoensuresuf E-5: Buffer streams andlakestoprevent waterqualitydegradation. E-4: Usebestmanagement practicesforerosionandsedimentationcontrolduring andaftersitepreparation. endangered species. increase inerosionor E-3: Avoid alterations orsignifi available tothedwellingabove100-year Chapter 5:Future Vision Potable Water Treatment andDistributionSystem ciencies. cient revenuestooperateandmaintainthesystem. E NVIRONMENTAL fl ood elevation,utilitiestothehousehaveappropriate fl ood elevationandvelocitywillresultwhentheareaof nancial assistanceprogramsforanylow-andmoderate-incomehouseholdsonsepticsystems nancial policiesregardingsanitarysewertap-insandlaterallineextensionstoensurenew

fl ood velocitywillnotaffect other areas,andonlyminorimpactswilloccurtowetlands or ltrationplantanddistributionlinesareadequatelymaintainedforexistingdevelopment cant modifi cant ood protectionfacilitiesandde fl ows ontoabuttingproperty. cations tonaturalstreamchannels unless fl oodplain byprohibitingneworexpandedstructuresexceptwhenno fl ood elevation. ood fi re needs oftheproposeddevelopment fl oodplain unlessthe fl ood proofdesign,andyearroundaccessis fi nancing mechanismsassociatedwiththe fl fi oodwater storagewillnotbereduced. ne appropriateactionstoaddress fi rst occupied rst fl ooding isreduced,any fl oor isabovethe fi cient revenues cient fl ows. fi eld, Daviess County Comprehensive Plan 95 | ce commercial structures and ce commercial structures and fi Chapter 5: Future Vision Chapter 5: Future Vision ne the location and encourage the development of pathways for ne the location and encourage the development of pathways for fi cant natural features. fi nancial incentive opportunities (low interest loans, public infrastructure improvements and tax opportunities (low interest loans, public infrastructure improvements and nancial incentive OVERNMENT G 4. program for Daviess continuing economic development comprehensive, coordinated and G-1: Develop a and attraction of businesses. County for the retention basic industries jobs in Daviess County by targeting creation of more skilled and high-tech G-2: Support the force to support such infrastructure and trained labor jobs and by providing the with skilled and high-tech industries. city and county governments, chambers of commerce and communication between G-3: Promote effective for to market available and potential industrial and commercial sites economic development organizations business retention and attraction. G-4: Provide fi of vacant industrial, commercial, and of incentives) to encourage the reuse E-6: Protect, to the extent economically feasible, historic structures that have recognized historic, cultural and historic, that have recognized historic structures economically feasible, to the extent E-6: Protect, value. architectural unique natural areas species, wetlands, public parks, extent possible, areas of endangered E-7: Protect, to the signi and other areas with properties throughout Daviess County. strategies to promote the assets of Daviess County to encourage economic G-5: Develop appropriate marketing development and to promote tourism. adequate infrastructure to existing and proposed industrial and commercial G-6: Develop a program to provide occupancy. sites to ensure suitable sites for immediate region to develop educational programs to train and retrain the with educational institutions in the G-7: Work of emerging businesses. labor force to match the workforce needs (such as low cost rehabilitation loans) and enforcement (such as building G-8: Provide incentive opportunities targeted at absentee property owners) to address decaying, blighted, and property condition enforcement while ensuring sensitivity to the economic capacity of the residential deteriorated or abandoned properties property owner. and work with owners to enhance the G-9: Determine the status of ownership of blighted/decaying properties appearance of these properties. historic structure tax reductions, G-10: Provide incentive opportunities (low interest rehabilitation loans, structures. infrastructure improvements, etc.) to encourage adaptive reuse of historic improvements) to Provide incentive opportunities (such low cost interest loans and public infrastructure G-11: improve the maintenance of older building exteriors. rehabilitation and new construction G-12: Continue to implement programs to assist in housing maintenance, for low- and moderate-income families, the disabled and the aging population. G-13: Develop a greenways plan to de walking, jogging, biking and non-motorized vehicles in Daviess County. 96 | Daviess County Comprehensive Plan Chapter 5:Future Vision