Mycobiology Research Article

Mushroom Flora of Ulleung-gun and a Newly Recorded Bovista Species in the Republic of Korea

1 1 1 2 3 1 Chang Sun Kim , Jong Won Jo , Young-Nam Kwag , Gi-Ho Sung , Sle-gee Lee , Sang-Yong Kim , 1 1, Chang-Ho Shin and Sang-Kuk Han * 1 Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon 11186, Korea 2 Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Korea 3 Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea

Abstract We conducted five times surveys, in June, September and October in 2012; June and September 2013, to catalog the mushroom flora in Ulleung-gun, Republic of Korea. More than 400 specimens were collected, and 317 of the specimens were successfully sequenced using the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer barcode marker. We also surveyed the morphological characteristics of the sequenced specimens. The specimens were classified into 2 phyla, 7 classes, 21 orders, 59 families, 122 genera, and 221 species, and were deposited in the herbarium of Korea National Arboretum. Among the collected species, 72% were saprophytic, 25% were symbiotic, and 3% were parasitic. The most common order was Agaricales (189 specimens, 132 species), followed by Polyporales (47 specimens, 27 species), Russulales (31 specimens, 22 species), Boletales (10 specimens, 7 species), and so on. Herein, we also reported the first Bovista species in Korea, which was collected from Dokdo, the far-eastern island of Korea.

Keywords Agaricales, Bovista, Dokdo, ITS sequences, Korea National Arboretum, New to Korea

Several indicators of biodiversity, such as changers in gene are used as biocontrol agents and as chemical producers of levels, populations, species, and ecosystems, show that bioactive compounds used in industry, and they are useful biodiversity is dramatically decreasing [1]. Fungi can be in bioremediation [2-5]. Thus, it is important to understand found in almost every environment, and they are integral the diversity, ecology, and evolution of mushrooms to advance to many ecosystems. Mushroom-forming fungal species our knowledge of current terrestrial biodiversity and are prevalent in forests where they play critical roles in ecosystems. nutrient cycling, soil aggregation, and water retention Mushroom biodiversity in Ulleung-gun, Korea is rich and function as a food source for animals. In addition, and it has been unexplored since 1995. Accoding to the mushrooms are economically important edible mushrooms sixth report of the “Fungal Flora of Ullung Island” series are good food materials, and poisonous mushrooms can be by Jung [6-11], there were 2 phyla, 4 classes, 18 orders, 53 utilized as medicinal resources [2]. In addition, mushrooms families, 111 genera, and 161 species in Ulleung-gun. However, Jung’s work was based solely on morphological identification, and there have been no additional reports of Mycobiology 2015 September, 43(3): 239-257 mushroom species since 1995. In the early 1990s, the http://dx.doi.org/10.5941/MYCO.2015.43.3.239 pISSN 1229-8093 • eISSN 2092-9323 introduction of molecular phylogeny into mushroom © The Korean Society of Mycology taxonomy drastically changed fungal nomenclature [12]. *Corresponding author Therefore, today, morphology alone is insufficient for accurate E-mail: [email protected] identification, and these previously reported mushrooms Received August 4, 2015 need to be re-identified and re-evaluated in view of Revised August 28, 2015 modern taxonomy, using a combination of molecular and Accepted September 4, 2015 morphological data. The goal of this study was to evaluate and catalog the This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the mushrooms in Ulleung-gun based on both molecular Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted identification (using internal transcribed spacers of ribosomal non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, DNA, a barcode marker for fungi) and morphological provided the original work is properly cited. identification. In addition, we officially report a Bovista

239 240 Kim et al. species that was incorrectly and unofficially reported as B. rehydrating following the mothod of Largent et al. [14]. plumbea in 2012 in Dokdo, Korea. Microscopic observations were made using an Olympus BX53 microscope (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) and a Jenoptik ProgRes MATERIALS AND METHODS C14 Plus Camera (Jenoptik, Jena, Germany). Measurements of microscopic characters were made using ProgRes Macrofungi sampling sites. Ulleung-gun is a group of Capture Pro v.2.8.8. software (Jenoptik). Morphological islands tha consists of the main island Ulleungdo, along identifications were made based on reliable publications with 44 other islands, including Dokdo. Ulleungdo, the [15, 16]. The current scientific names of the collected eighth largest island in Korea, is located in the east side of specimens were checked at the Index Fungorum (http:// the Korean Peninsula (coordinates 37o30' N, 130o52' E) [13]. www.indexfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp) or MycoBank Dokdo consists of two main islets (Dong-do and Seo-do) (http://www.mycobank.org/defaultinfo.aspx?Page=Home). and 35 smaller rocks (coordinates 37o14'30'' N, 131o52'0'' E) (Fig. 1). These islands were creaded by a volcanic eruption PCR amplification and sequencing. DNA was isolated between the Tertiary and early Quaternary Periods [6]. from fresh fruiting bodies (approximately 0.1 g) using the The climate of these islands is typically oceanic, with a DNeasy plant mini kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA, USA) according warm average temperature (12.5oC) and ca. 1,200 mm of to the manufacturer’s recommendations. To amplify the precipitation per year [6, 13]. The sampling sites are indicated internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of ribosomal DNA, in Fig. 1. the ITS1F/ITS4 primer set was used. The PCR mixtures contained 0.5 pmol of each primer, 0.25 mM dNTPs, 10 Specimens and morphological observations. The mM Tris-HCl, 50 mM KCl, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 2.5 U of Taq 318 specimens used in the present study are listed in Table DNA polymerase, and 15 ng of template DNA. The PCR 1, and dried specimens were deposited in the herbarium conditions were as follows: an initial denaturation step at of Korea National Arboretum (KH). The specimens 94oC for 4 min, followed by 34 cycles of 94oC for 40 sec, were collected during June, September, and October 2012 55oC for 40 sec, and 72oC for 60 sec, and a final elongation and in June and September 2013. Macro-morphological step at 72oC for 8min. PCR products were purified and characterstics were based on field notes and color photos sequenced by Macrogen, Inc. (Seoul, Korea). All sequence of basidiomata. Micromorphological characteristics were data (318 sequences) were submitted to GenBank (KF17933, obtained from the dried specimens after sectioning and KF017937, KF017944, KF245923, KF576325, KF995353,

Fig. 1. Mushroom survey sites in Ulleung-gun. The points indicate the sites where specimens were collected. Mushroom Flora of Ulleung-gun 241 a Eco- type Inocybaceae Agaricales SYM Marasmiaceae Agaricales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Stereaceae Russulales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Auriscalpiaceae Russulales SAP Tricholomataceae Agaricales SYM PluteaceaeInocybaceae Agaricales Agaricales SYM SAP Inocybaceae Agaricales SAP Mycenaceae Agaricales SAP Schizophyllaceae Agaricales SAP Entolomataceae Agaricales SAP Inocybaceae Agaricales SAP Tricholomataceae Agaricales SAP Mycenaceae Agaricales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales SYM Family Order Pluteaceae Agaricales SAP Mycenaceae Agaricales SAP Pluteaceae Agaricales SYM Tricholomataceae Agaricales SYM Mycenaceae Agaricales SAP Marasmiaceae Agaricales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales PAR Pleurotaceae Agaricales SYM Inocybaceae Agaricales SYM Pleurotaceae Agaricales SAP Psathyrellaceae Agaricales SYM Marasmiaceae Agaricales SAP Xylariaceae Xylariales SAP Strophariaceae Agaricales SAP Meruliaceae Polyporales SAP Psathyrellaceae Agaricales PAR Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Suillaceae Boletales SAP Entolomataceae Agaricales SAP Marasmiaceae Agaricales SYM Russulaceae Russulales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP . proximans cf . roridus . roridus . . . crocophyllus . aquosus . aquosus . cf cf . kamaka sp . cf cf cf . childiae sp sp . rustica . subnuda . subnuda cf . subtomentosum . cf sp cf cf cf cf sp. 1sp. Tubariaceae Agaricales SAP sp Crepidotus Gymnopus Trametes versicolor Trametes Stereum Stereum Polyporus arcularius Polyporus Artomyces pyxidata Clitopilus Clitopilus Arrhenia Pluteus cervinus Pluteus Crepidotus Crepidotus applanatus Daldinia Daldinia Roridomyces Roridomyces Schizophyllum commune Schizophyllum Phaeomarasmius Phaeomarasmius Collybia Collybia Mycena arcangeliana Polyporus alveolaris Provisional and final and Provisional identification Pluteus cervinus Pluteus Roridomyces Roridomyces Marasmius Pluteus Pluteus Collybia Collybia Mycena arcangeliana Polyporus arcularius Polyporus Pleurotus pulmonarius Pleurotus Crepidotus applanatus Pleurotus pulmonarius Pleurotus Psathyrella candolleana Psathyrella Gymnopus dryophilus Hypholoma fasciculare Abortiporus biennis Lacrymaria Lacrymaria Polyporus tuberaster Polyporus Suillus luteus Tubaria Clitopilus Gymnopus Russula cyanoxantha Trametes versicolor Trametes KR673414 KR673415 KR673416 KR673417 KR673418 KR673419 KR673422 KR673423 KR673424 KR673425 KR673426 KR673413 KR673421 KR673439 KR673440 KR673441 ITS GenBank No. KR673442 KR673443 KR673451 KR673437 KR673438 KR673445 KR673446 KR673447 KR673448 KR673449 KR673450 KR673427 KR673428 KR673429 KR673430 KR673431 KR673432 KR673433 KR673434 KR673435 KR673436 . . sp sp. KR673444 . sp . . . . sp. KR673420 sp sp sp sp. KR673412 sp sp Clitopilus Clitopilus Crepidotus Marasmius Marasmius Gymnopus aquosus sp. sp. sp. . Collybia subnuda . Collybia subnuda .Tubaria .Tubaria .Pluteus .Pluteus sp. sp sp sp sp Gymnopus confluens Gymnopus aquosus Trametes versicolorTrametes versicolor Trametes Stereum subtomentosumStereum Stereum Polyporus arculariusPolyporus arcularius Polyporus Artomyces pyxidata Artomyces pyxidatus Clitopilus Clitopilus Pluteus cervinus Pluteus cervinus Crepidotus badiofloccosus applanatusCrepidotus Crepidotus crocophyllus applanatus Crepidotus Daldinia concentricaDaldinia childiae Daldinia Roridomyces roridusRoridomyces Mycena Schizophyllum commune Schizophyllum commune Crepidotus Cystodermella granulosaCystodermella proximans Phaeomarasmius Arrhenia rusticaArrhenia Arrhenia Mycena arcangeliana Mycena arcangeliana Polyporus alveolaris Polyporus alveolaris Pluteus cervinus Pluteus cervinus Morphologcial identificationMorphologcial ITS identification Roridomyces roridusRoridomyces Mycena Marasmius Mycena arcangeliana Mycena arcangeliana Collybia Collybia Polyporus arculariusPolyporus arcularius Polyporus Pleurotus pulmonarius Pleurotus pulmonarius Crepidotus applanatusCrepidotus applanatus Crepidotus Pleurotus pulmonarius Pleurotus pulmonarius Psathyrella candolleanaPsathyrella candolleana Psathyrella Gymnopus dryophilusGymnopus dryophilus Gymnopus Pluteus Hypholoma fasciculare Hypholoma fasciculare Abortiporus biennis Abortiporus biennis Lacrymaria lacrymabunda Lacrymaria Polyporus tuberasterPolyporus tuberaster Polyporus Suillus luteus Suillus luteus Tubaria Entoloma chamaecyparidis Clitopiluskamaka Gymnopus Russula cyanoxantha Russula cyanoxantha Trametes versicolorTrametes versicolor Trametes Collybia Collybia Collection date Locality Collectedspecimens sequenced and usedmushroom in this study Specimen No. 4 KA12-0337 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 2012 25 Jun 5 KA12-0338 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 2012 25 Jun 6 KA12-0339 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 2012 25 Jun 7 KA12-0340 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 2012 25 Jun 8 KA12-0342 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 2012 25 Jun 9 KA12-0343 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 2012 25 Jun 12 KA12-0348 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 2012 25 Jun 13 KA12-034914 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near KA12-0350 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 2012 25 Jun 2012 25 Jun 15 KA12-0351 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 2012 25 Jun No. 1 KA12-0334 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 2012 25 Jun 2 KA12-0335 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 2012 25 Jun 3 KA12-0336 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 2012 25 Jun 10 KA12-0345 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 2012 25 Jun 11 KA12-0347 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 2012 25 Jun 29 KA12-0377 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 30 KA12-0378 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 31 KA12-0379 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 32 KA12-0380 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 33 KA12-0382 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 27 KA12-0375 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 28 KA12-0376 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 34 KA12-0383 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 35 KA12-0385 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 36 KA12-0390 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 37 KA12-0391 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 38 KA12-0393 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 39 KA12-0395 Albong, Ulleungdo Near 2012 27 Jun 40 KA12-0396 Albong, Ulleungdo Near 2012 27 Jun 16 KA12-0352 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 2012 25 Jun 17 KA12-0355 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 2012 25 Jun 18 KA12-0356 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 2012 25 Jun 19 KA12-0357 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 20 KA12-0359 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 21 KA12-0360 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 22 KA12-0364 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 23 KA12-0370 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 24 KA12-0372 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 25 KA12-0373 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun 26 KA12-0374 Nari-Basin, Ulleungdo 2012 26 Jun Table 1. 242 Kim et al. a Eco- type Tricholomataceae Agaricales SAP Strophariaceae Agaricales SAP Inocybaceae Agaricales SYM Pleurotaceae Agaricales SAP Dacrymycetaceae Dacrymycetales SYM Mycenaceae Agaricales SAP Entolomataceae Agaricales SYM Stereaceae Russulales PAR Mycenaceae Agaricales SAP Pluteaceae Agaricales SAP Cystodermataceae Agaricales SAP Mycenaceae Agaricales SAP Auriculariaceae Auriculariales SAP SchizophyllaceaePsathyrellaceae Agaricales Agaricales SAP SAP Tricholomataceae Agaricales SAP Mycenaceae Agaricales SAP Strophariaceae Agaricales SAP Strophariaceae Agaricales SYM Psathyrellaceae Agaricales SAP Marasmiaceae Agaricales SAP Pyronemataceae Pezizales SYM Polyporaceae Polyporales PAR Pyronemataceae Pezizales SYM PolyporaceaeMeruliaceae Polyporales Polyporales SAP SYM Mycenaceae Agaricales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Marasmiaceae Agaricales SAP Psathyrellaceae Agaricales SAP Ganodermataceae Polyporales SAP Strophariaceae Agaricales SAP Psathyrellaceae Agaricales SAP Suillaceae Boletales SYM Marasmiaceae Agaricales SAP Marasmiaceae Agaricales SAP Family Order . cinereifolia . roridus . roridus . roridus . . cf sp. Marasmiaceae Agaricales SAP . aquosus . dysodes . cohaerens . . cf cf cf . sp sp . mycenoides cf cf sp. Marasmiaceae Agaricales SYM . cf sp. 1sp. Marasmiaceae Agaricales SYM sp sp sp . zephirus . abramsii sp. Marasmiaceae Agaricales SAP . subtomentosum cf sp . nothopellitus cf cf cf cf Scutellinia Scutellinia Agrocybe erebia Crepidotus Pleurotus pulmonarius Pleurotus Dacrymyces Dacrymyces Roridomyces Roridomyces Entoloma Stereum Stereum Roridomyces Roridomyces Agrocybe Pluteus Pluteus Cystoderma Mycena Auricularia auricula-judae Auricularia Schizophyllum commune Schizophyllum Psathyrella Psathyrella Pseudoclitocybe cyathiformis Roridomyces Roridomyces Gymnopus Melanoleuca Kuehneromyces mutabilis Kuehneromyces Coprinellus micaceus Marasmiellus Crinipellis Gymnopus Scutellinia nigrohirtula Polyporus alveolaris Lentinus sajor-caju Phlebia acerina Phlebia Mycena Clitocybula Clitocybula tuberaster Polyporus Gymnopus dryophilus Psathyrella candolleana Psathyrella Ganoderma applanatum Kuehneromyces mutabilis Kuehneromyces Lacrymaria lacrymabunda Suillus granulatus Marasmius Gymnopus Provisional and final and Provisional identification KR673455 KR673457 KR673458 KR673459 KR673461 KR673462 KR673463 KR673471 KR673473 KR673474 KR673475 KR673476 KR673477 KR673452 KR673453 KR673454 KR673464 KR673465 KR673468 KR673469 KR673470 KR673479 KR673480 KR673481 KR673483 KR673484 KR673485 KR673486 KR673487 KR673488 KR673489 KR673491 ITS GenBank No. . sp. KR673467 . . sp sp. KR673482 . sp. KR673472 sp. KR673490 sp sp sp. KR673456 . sp. KR673478 . . . sp. KR673466 sp. KR673460 sp sp sp sp sp Crepidotus Cystoderma Mycena zephirus Scutellinia Scutellinia Gymnopus Crinipellis Marasmiellus Gymnopus aquosus Mycena abramsii Clitocybula Clitocybula Gymnopus dysodes .Dacrymyces .Dacrymyces sp. . Psathyrella sp .Agrocybe .Agrocybe sp. sp. sp. sp. sp. sp sp. sp. . Phlebia acerina . Pluteus nothopellitus sp sp. sp. sp. sp sp Agrocybe erebia Agrocybe erebia Crepidotus Pleurotus pulmonarius Pleurotus pulmonarius Dacrymyces Dacrymyces Roridomyces roridusRoridomyces Mycena Entoloma mycenoidesEntoloma Entoloma Stereum subtomentosumStereum Stereum Roridomyces roridusRoridomyces Mycena Agrocybe Cystoderma Mycena Auricularia auricula-judaeAuricularia auricula-juda Auricularia Schizophyllum commune Schizophyllum commune Psathyrella Psathyrella cyathiformisPseudoclitocybe cyathiformis Pseudoclitocybe Scutellinia Roridomyces roridusRoridomyces Mycena Gymnopus Unidentified cinereifolia Melanoleuca Kuehneromyces mutabilis Kuehneromyces mutabilis Coprinellus micaceus Coprinellus micaceus Marasmius Marasmiellus Gymnopus Scutellinia nigrohirtula Scutellinia nigrohirtula Polyporus alveolarisPolyporus arcularius Polyporus Pluteus Lentinus sajor-caju Lentinus sajor-caju Phlebia Phlebia Mycena Mycena tuberasterPolyporus tuberaster Polyporus Gymnopus dryophilusGymnopus dryophilus Gymnopus Psathyrella candolleanaPsathyrella candolleana Psathyrella Ganoderma applanatum Ganodermaapplanatum Kuehneromyces mutabilis Kuehneromyces mutabilis Lacrymaria lacrymabunda Lacrymaria lacrymabunda Suillus granulatus Suillus granulatus Marasmius cohaerens Marasmius Gymnopus Morphologcial identificationMorphologcial ITS identification Collection date Locality Continued Specimen No. 44 KA12-0400 Albong, Ulleungdo Near 2012 27 Jun 45 KA12-0401 Albong, Ulleungdo Near 2012 27 Jun 46 KA12-0402 Albong, Ulleungdo Near 2012 27 Jun 47 KA12-0403 Gwaneum-do 2012 28 Jun 48 KA12-0405 Gwaneum-do 2012 28 Jun 49 KA12-0408 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 50 KA12-0409 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 51 KA12-0410 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 52 KA12-0412 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 61 KA12-0423 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 62 KA12-0426 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 63 KA12-0427 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 64 KA12-0428 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 65 KA12-042966 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, KA12-0430 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 2012 28 Jun 67 KA12-0431 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 41 KA12-0397 Albong, Ulleungdo Near 2012 27 Jun 42 KA12-0398 Albong, Ulleungdo Near 2012 27 Jun 43 KA12-0399 Albong, Ulleungdo Near 2012 27 Jun 53 KA12-0413 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 54 KA12-0414 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 55 KA12-041556 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, KA12-041657 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, KA12-0417 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 2012 28 Jun 2012 28 Jun 58 KA12-0418 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 59 KA12-0420 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 60 KA12-0421 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 68 KA12-0432 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 69 KA12-043370 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, KA12-0434 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 2012 28 Jun 71 KA12-043572 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, KA12-0436 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 2012 28 Jun 73 KA12-0438 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 74 KA12-0443 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 75 KA12-0444 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 76 KA12-0445 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 77 KA12-0446 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 78 KA12-0447 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2012 28 Jun 79 KA12-1235 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 80 KA12-1237 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 No. Table 1. Mushroom Flora of Ulleung-gun 243 a Eco- type Inocybaceae Agaricales SAP Boletaceae Boletales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Entolomataceae Agaricales SAP SebacinaceaeRussulaceae Sebacinales Russulales SAP SAP Ophiocordycipitaceae Hypocreales SYM Tricholomataceae Agaricales SYM Agaricaceae Agaricales SAP Marasmiaceae Agaricales SYM Ganodermataceae Polyporales SAP Agaricaceae Agaricales SAP PolyporaceaePterulaceae Polyporales Agaricales SAP SAP Agaricaceae Agaricales SYM Marasmiaceae Agaricales SAP Hygrophoraceae Agaricales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Clavariaceae Agaricales SAP Entolomataceae Agaricales SAP Cordycipitaceae Hypocreales SAP Cordycipitaceae Hypocreales SAP Entolomataceae Agaricales PAR Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales SYM Xylariaceae Xylariales SYM Marasmiaceae Agaricales SYM Pluteaceae Agaricales SAP Meruliaceae Polyporales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Pleurotaceae Agaricales SAP Hymenochaetaceae Hymenochaetales SAP Family Order Entolomataceae Agaricales SAP . proximans cf . haematospermum . rutilans cf cf . gibbosum . . splendens cf scabella . flavescens cf sp . album . murrayi . ater . sp. 2sp. Marasmiaceae Agaricales SAP 3 Agaricaceae Agaricales SAP . incrustans cf . fragilis . puellula cf. . castaneidisca cf cf sp. 1sp. Entolomataceae Agaricales SYM cf . . . subulata sp cf cf cf sp. 2sp. Tubariaceae Agaricales SAP cf sp. 2sp. Agaricaceae Agaricales SAP sp. 1sp. Agaricaceae Agaricales SAP sp cf sp Phaeomarasmius Phaeomarasmius Boletus Boletus Polyporus tuberaster Polyporus Entoloma pulchellum Entoloma Sebacina Sebacina Lepiota Lepiota Tubaria versicolor Trametes Russula Russula nutans Ophiocordyceps Tricholomopsis Melanophyllum Marasmius siccusMarasmius Lepiota Lepiota Hygrocybe Ganoderma Lepiota Lepiota Trametes hirsuta Trametes Pterula Pterula Bovista aestivalis Gerronema Gerronema Trametes versicolor Trametes Clavaria Entoloma Phytocordyceps ninchukispora Cordyceps militaris Cordyceps Entoloma Pycnoporus coccineus Perenniporia fraxinea Entonaema Crinipellis Pluteus podospileus Pluteus Gymnopus Irpex lacteus Trametes versicolor Trametes Pleurotus cornucopiae Pleurotus Phellinus Phellinus Entoloma Lepiota Lepiota Provisional and final and Provisional identification Entoloma KR673492 KR673493 KR673494 KR673495 KR673496 KR673519 KR673520 KR673497 KR673498 KR673499 KR673501 KR673504 KR673513 KR673514 KR673515 KR673516 KR673517 KR673505 KR673508 KR673509 KR673511 KR673512 KR673522 KR673523 KR673524 KR673525 KR673526 KR673527 KR673528 ITS GenBank No. . sp. KR673500 sp . . sp. KR673521 sp. KR673502 . . sp sp . sp. KR673507 sp. KR673510 sp. KR673531 sp. KR673529 . . sp sp sp. KR673506 sp sp. KR673518 sp. KR673503 sp. KR673530 sp sp Lepiota castaneidisca Lepiota Lepiota Lepiota Gerronema Gerronema Lepiota Lepiota Crinipellis scabella Gymnopus Entoloma Lepiota Lepiota . Phaeomarasmius proximans sp . Ganoderma gibbosum sp sp. .Phellinus .Phellinus sp. .Tubaria .Tubaria sp. . puellula Russula sp. .Boletus .Boletus sp sp sp sp. sp. sp. sp. sp Boletus Boletus Polyporus tuberasterPolyporus tuberaster Polyporus Entoloma pulchellumEntoloma pulchellum Entoloma Sebacina incrustansSebacina Sebacina Tubaria Trametes versicolorTrametes versicolor Trametes Phaeomarasmius Russula Ophiocordyceps nutans Ophiocordyceps nutans Tricholomopsis rutilansTricholomopsis Tricholomopsis Melanophyllum haematospermumMelanophyllum Melanophyllum Marasmius siccusMarasmius siccus Marasmius Omphalina Omphalina Hygrocybe flavescensHygrocybe Hygrocybe Lepiota Lepiota Trametes hirsutaTrametes hirsuta Trametes Pterula subulataPterula Bovista plumbea Pterula Bovista aestivalis Lepiota Lepiota Lepiota Lepiota Trametes versicolorTrametes versicolor Trametes Clavaria fragilis Clavaria Entoloma albumEntoloma Entoloma Phytocordyceps ninchukispora Phytocordyceps ninchukispora Cordyceps militaris Cordyceps militaris Entoloma murrayiEntoloma Entoloma Pycnoporus coccineus Pycnoporus coccineus Perenniporia fraxinea Perenniporiafraxinea Ganoderma Ganoderma Entonaema splendens Entonaema Crinipellis Pluteus podospileusPluteus podospileus Pluteus Gymnopus Irpex lacteusIrpex lacteus Irpex Trametes versicolorTrametes versicolor Trametes Pleurotus cornucopiaePleurotus cornucopiae Pleurotus Phellinus Entoloma Morphologcial identificationMorphologcial ITS identification aterEntoloma Entoloma Lepiota Lepiota Collection date Locality Continued Specimen No. 82 KA12-1240 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 83 KA12-1241 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 84 KA12-1242 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 85 KA12-1243 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 108 KA12-1281 Ulleungdo Valley, Namyang 4 Sep 2012 109 KA12-1282 Ulleungdo Valley, Namyang 4 Sep 2012 81 KA12-1238 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 86 KA12-124587 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near KA12-1247 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 Sep 3 2012 88 KA12-1248 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 89 KA12-1249 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 90 KA12-1250 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 91 KA12-1252 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 93 KA12-1255 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 103 KA12-1273 Ulleungdo station, KBSBroadcast relay Sep 3 2012 104 KA12-1274 Ulleungdo station, KBSBroadcast relay Sep 3 2012 105 KA12-1276106 Ulleungdo station, KBSBroadcast relay KA12-1278Sep 3 2012 Dokdo in eastern-island Korea, Far Sep 4 2012 107 KA12-1279 Ulleungdo Valley, Namyang 4 Sep 2012 92 KA12-1254 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 94 KA12-1257 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 95 KA12-1259 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 96 KA12-1260 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 97 KA12-1261 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 98 KA12-1262 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 99 KA12-1265 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2012 100 KA12-1267 Ulleungdo station, KBSBroadcast relay Sep 3 2012 101 KA12-1268 Ulleungdo station, KBSBroadcast relay Sep 3 2012 102 KA12-1269 Ulleungdo station, KBSBroadcast relay Sep 3 2012 110 KA12-1283 Ulleungdo Valley, Namyang 4 Sep 2012 111 KA12-1284 Ulleungdo Valley, Namyang 4 Sep 2012 112 KA12-1285 Ulleungdo Valley, Namyang 4 Sep 2012 113 KA12-1286 Ulleungdo Valley, Namyang 4 Sep 2012 114 KA12-1287 Ulleungdo Valley, Namyang 4 Sep 2012 115 KA12-1288Botanic Ulleung Ulleungdo Garden, Sep 3 2012 116 KA12-1289 Ulleungdo Taeharyong, Sep 4 2012 117 KA12-1290 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 No. 120 KA12-1295 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 118 KA12-1292 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 119 KA12-1294 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 Table 1. 244 Kim et al. a Eco- type RussulaceaeHelvellaceae Russulales Pezizales SYM SAP Mycenaceae Agaricales SYM Xylariaceae Xylariales SAP InocybaceaeTricholomataceae Agaricales Agaricales SAP SAP HydnangiaceaeCordycipitaceae Agaricales Hypocreales SAP SAP Russulaceae Russulales SAP SuillaceaeInocybaceae Boletales Agaricales SAP SAP Lyophyllaceae Agaricales SAP Lyophyllaceae Agaricales SYM Entolomataceae Agaricales SAP Helvellaceae Pezizales SYM Bondarzewiaceae Russulales SYM Cordycipitaceae Hypocreales SYM Clavariaceae Agaricales SYM Agaricaceae Agaricales SYM Agaricaceae Agaricales SAP Strophariaceae Agaricales SYM Russulaceae Russulales SYM Tricholomataceae Agaricales SAP Clavariaceae Agaricales SAP Family Order Pleurotaceae Agaricales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Amanitaceae Agaricales SAP Ophiocordycipitaceae Hypocreales SYM Russulaceae Russulales SAP Strophariaceae Agaricales SYM Strophariaceae Agaricales SAP Hygrophoraceae Agaricales SAP Hygrophoraceae Agaricales SYM Auriculariaceae Auriculariales SAP GomphaceaeCordycipitaceae Gomphales Hypocreales SAP SAP Clavariaceae Agaricales SAP Clavariaceae Agaricales SAP . sublittoralis . helvola cf . borealis cf . . flavescens . flavescens . integrella . picinus cf . album . sp . cf cf . fragilis . fumosa . bicolor macropus cf . . cf sp. 1sp. Clavulinaceae Cantharellales SAP cf . nigricans . delica . rimosa . umbratica . clypeolaria sp cf sp cf cf . cicadae . cicadae . fumosorosea sp cf. sp cf cf sp. 1sp. Inocybaceae Agaricales SAP cf cf cf cf cf cf Helvella Helvella Hypoxylon Lactarius Lactarius Mycena Inocybe Inocybe Laccaria Delicatula Delicatula Isaria Russula Suillus granulatus Inocybe Gerhardtia Gerhardtia Asterophora lycoperdoides Entoloma Helvella Helvella Heterobasidion araucariae Isaria Clavulinopsis Clavulinopsis Hygrocybe Lepiota Lepiota Leucoagaricus Leucoagaricus Hypholoma fasciculare Russula Megacollybia marginata Megacollybia Clavaria Pleurotus cornucopiae Pleurotus Daedaleopsis confragosa Amanita ibotengutake Ophiocordyceps nutans Ophiocordyceps Russula subnigricans Kuehneromyces mutabilis Kuehneromyces Kuehneromyces mutabilis Kuehneromyces Hygrocybe Auricularia polytricha Ramaria Ramaria Clavulina Isaria Clavaria Clavaria Provisional and final and Provisional identification KR673534 KR673532 KR673537 KR673539 KR673538 KR673540 KR673541 KR673542 KR673544 KR673545 KR673548 KR673549 KR673552 KR673553 KR673554 KR673555 KF576325 KR673557 KR673558 KF017937 KR673559 KR673560 KR673561 KR673562 KR673564 KR673565 KR673566 KR673567 KR673569 ITS GenBank No. sp. KR673550 . . . sp. KR673536 . sp. KR673551 sp. KR673563 sp . . . . sp sp. KR673546 . sp sp. KR673556 sp. KR673568 sp sp. KR673535 sp. KR673547 sp sp sp sp. KR673533 sp sp. KR673543 sp Helvella Helvella Hypoxylon Mycena Inocybe Isaria cicadae Leucoagaricus sublittoralis Leucoagaricus Isaria fumosorosea Isaria Clavaria Clavaria Clavaria fumosa Clavaria sp. sp. .Clavulina .Clavulina .Lactarius picinus .Lactarius .Ramaria .Ramaria sp. sp sp sp sp. sp. sp. sp. sp. sp. Helvella Helvella Hypoxylon Mycena Inocybe Lactarius Inocybe rimosa Inocybe Delicatula integrellaDelicatula Laccaria bicolor Delicatula Laccaria Isaria sinclairii nigricansRussula Isaria cicadae Russula Suillus granulatus Suillus granulatus Inocybe umbratica Inocybe Rhodocollybia butyracea Gerhardtia borealis Asterophora lycoperdoides Asterophora lycoperdoides Entoloma albumEntoloma Entoloma Helvella macropusHelvella Helvella Heterobasidion araucariae Heterobasidion araucariae Isaria Clavulinopsis helvolaClavulinopsis Clavulinopsis Hygrocybe flavescensHygrocybe Hygrocybe Leucoagaricus Leucoagaricus Hypholoma fasciculare Hypholoma fasciculare Russula delica Russula Megacollybia marginatamarginata Megacollybia Clavaria fragilis Clavaria Pleurotus cornucopiaePleurotus cornucopiae Pleurotus Daedaleopsis confragosa Daedaleopsis confragosa Amanita ibotengutakeAmanita ibotengutake Amanita Ophiocordyceps nutans Ophiocordyceps nutans Russula subnigricans subnigricans Russula Kuehneromyces mutabilis Kuehneromyces mutabilis Kuehneromyces mutabilis Kuehneromyces mutabilis Hygrocybe flavescensHygrocybe Hygrocybe Lepiota clypeolaria Lepiota Auricularia polytrichaAuricularia polytricha Auricularia Ramaria Isaria Clavulina Clavulina Clavaria Clavulinopsis Clavulinopsis Morphologcial identificationMorphologcial ITS identification Collection date Locality Continued Specimen No. 124 KA12-1302125 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, KA12-1303 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 Sep 5 2012 121 KA12-1296 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 122 KA12-1298123 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, KA12-1301 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 Sep 5 2012 126 KA12-1304 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 127 KA12-1305128 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, KA12-1306 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 Sep 5 2012 129 KA12-1307130 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, KA12-1308 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 Sep 5 2012 131 KA12-1311 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 132 KA12-1312133 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, KA12-1313 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 Sep 5 2012 134 KA12-1314 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 135 KA12-1315 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 136 KA12-1317 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 137 KA12-1318 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 138 KA12-1319 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 139 KA12-1320 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 140 KA12-1322 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 142 KA12-1325 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 143 KA12-1326 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 144 KA12-1327 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 145 KA12-1329 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 146 KA12-1333 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 147 KA12-1335 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 148 KA12-1338 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 149 KA12-1339 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 150 KA12-1340 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 151 KA12-1341 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 152 KA12-1342 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 153 KA12-1343 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 154 KA12-1344 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 141 KA12-1323 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, Sep 5 2012 155 KA12-1345 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 156 KA12-1347 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 158 KA12-1349 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 Sep 6 2012 157 KA12-1348 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 159 KA12-1351 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 Sep 6 2012 160 KA12-1352 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 No. Table 1. Mushroom Flora of Ulleung-gun 245 a Eco- type Agaricaceae Agaricales SAP Agaricaceae Agaricales SAP Amanitaceae Agaricales SAP Mycenaceae Agaricales SAP Inocybaceae Agaricales SAP Entolomataceae Agaricales SYM Tricholomataceae Agaricales SYM Hygrophoraceae Agaricales SAP RussulaceaePyronemataceae Pezizales Russulales SYM SAP BoletaceaeRussulaceae Boletales Russulales SAP SAP Amanitaceae Agaricales SAP Tricholomataceae Agaricales SAP Bondarzewiaceae Russulales SYM Amanitaceae Agaricales SAP Meruliaceae SAP Polyporales Auriscalpiaceae Russulales SAP FomitopsidaceaeInocybaceae PolyporalesAgaricaceae Agaricales SYM Agaricales SAP SAP Hydnangiaceae Agaricales SYM Family Order Hygrophoraceae Agaricales SAP Amanitaceae Agaricales SAP Strophariaceae Agaricales SAP Fomitopsidaceae Polyporales SAP Hygrophoraceae Agaricales SAP Hygrophoraceae Agaricales SAP Mycenaceae Agaricales SAP Physalacriaceae Agaricales SAP AmanitaceaeInocybaceae Agaricales Agaricales SAP SYM Pleurotaceae Agaricales SAP Bankeraceae Thelephorales SAP Hydnangiaceae Agaricales SYM Hemiphacidiaceae Helotiales SAP Helotiaceae Helotiales SAP . . . lilacinogriseus . sp . bellus sp . crocophyllus . crocophyllus 2 Entolomataceae Agaricales SAP . spraguei . . reidii cf . . . flavescens . cf cf cf sp cf cf . hygrophoroides . caesareoides . scabrosus sp . 4 Agaricaceae Agaricales SAP . . cf sp . amethystina sp . rosella sp . . compacta cf cf cf . cristata sp sp cf sp . subcaesia cf cf cf sp sp. 4sp. Agaricaceae Agaricales SAP cf Lepiota Lepiota Agaricus Amanita volvata Mycena Crepidotus applanatus Scutellinia Scutellinia Lepiota Rhodocybe Lepiota Lepiota Clitocybe odora Clitocybe Hygrocybe Entoloma Hygrophorus Lactarius Lactarius Phylloporus Russula Amanita Tricholoma Laccaria Hymenopellis Amanita longistriataAmanita Bjerkandera adusta Bjerkandera Artomyces pyxidata Postia Crepidotus Calvatia Provisional and final and Provisional identification Amanita pantherina Hypholoma fasciculare Fomitopsis Hygrocybe Hygrocybe Mycena galericulata Mycena Armillaria gallica Armillaria Amanita fulva Crepidotus cornucopiae Pleurotus Sarcodon Laccaria Chlorencoelia Chlorencoelia Chlorociboria aeruginascens Chlorociboria KR673578 KF245923 KR673580 KR673581 KR673593 KR673574 KR673587 KR673588 KR673589 KR673590 KR673571 KR673582 KR673583 KR673584 KR673585 KR673586 ITS GenBank No. KF017944 KR673595 KR673596 KR673598 KR673599 KR673600 KF017933 KR673601 KR673602 KR673603 KR673606 . . . sp. KR673605 sp sp. KR673573 sp . sp . sp. KR673592 . sp. KR673594 sp. KR673597 sp. KR673575 . sp. KR673572 sp sp sp sp. KR673570 sp. KR673604 sp. KF995353 sp sp. KR673577 sp. KR673576 sp. KR673591 Mycena rosella Mycena Rhodocybe Scutellinia Scutellinia Lepiota Lepiota Lepiota Laccaria Laccaria Calvatia Calvatia Hygrocybe Hygrocybe reidii .Hymenopellis .Hymenopellis . Tricholoma sp . Fomitopsis spraguei . Entoloma sp sp. .Agaricus .Agaricus sp sp. sp. sp. sp sp sp. sp. . subcaesia Postia sp. sp. sp. sp Agaricus Amanita volvataAmanita volvata Amanita Mycena Crepidotus applanatusCrepidotus applanatus Crepidotus Lepiota cristata Lepiota Rhodocybe Rhodocybe Clitocybe odoraClitocybe odora Clitocybe Hygrocybe flavescensHygrocybe Hygrocybe Hygrophorus lilacinogriseusHygrophorus Hygrophorus Lactarius hygrophoroidesLactarius Lactarius Scutellinia Lepiota Russula compacta hemibaphaAmanita Russula caesareoides Amanita Tricholoma Lepiota Lepiota Laccaria Entoloma Amanita longistriataAmanita longistriata Amanita Bjerkandera adustaBjerkandera adusta Bjerkandera Artomyces pyxidata Artomyces pyxidatus Postia Crepidotus badiofloccosus Calvatia Phylloporus bellus Crepidotus crocophyllus Phylloporus Hymenopellis Amanita pantherina Amanita pantherina Hypholoma fasciculare Hypholoma fasciculare Fomitopsis Hygrocybe Hygrocybe Mycena galericulataMycena galericulata Mycena Armillaria gallicaArmillaria gallica Armillaria Amanita fulvaAmanita fulva Amanita Crepidotus badiofloccosus cornucopiaePleurotus Crepidotus crocophyllus cornucopiae Pleurotus Sarcodon scabrosus Sarcodon Laccaria amethystina Laccaria Entonaema splendensEntonaema Chlorencoelia Chlorociboria aeruginascensChlorociboria aeruginascens Chlorociboria Morphologcial identificationMorphologcial ITS identification Collection date Locality Continued Specimen No. 169 KA12-1364 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 170 KA12-1367 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 171 KA12-1369 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 172 KA12-1370 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 173 KA12-1372 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 168 KA12-1361 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 184 KA12-1390 Albong, UlleungdoSep 6 2012 185 KA12-1391 Albong, UlleungdoSep 6 2012 186 KA12-1392 Albong, UlleungdoSep 6 2012 164 KA12-1357 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 165 KA12-1358 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 166 KA12-1359167 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, KA12-1360 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 Sep 6 2012 180 KA12-1384181 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, KA12-1385 Albong, UlleungdoSep 6 2012 Sep 6 2012 182 KA12-1386 Albong, UlleungdoSep 6 2012 183 KA12-1388 Albong, UlleungdoSep 6 2012 161 KA12-1353 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 163 KA12-1356 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 174 KA12-1373 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 175 KA12-1374 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 176 KA12-1375 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 177 KA12-1376178 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, KA12-1380179 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, KA12-1382 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 Sep 6 2012 Sep 6 2012 162 KA12-1354 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 6 2012 187 KA12-1393 Albong, UlleungdoSep 6 2012 188 KA12-1395 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo Sep 6 2012 189 KA12-1397 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo Sep 6 2012 190 KA12-1399 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo Sep 6 2012 191 KA12-1400 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo Sep 6 2012 192 KA12-1404 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo Sep 6 2012 193 KA12-1405 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo Sep 6 2012 194 KA12-1406 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo Sep 6 2012 195 KA12-1407196 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo KA12-1409 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo Sep 6 2012 Sep 6 2012 197 KA12-1410 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo Sep 6 2012 198 KA12-1411 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo Sep 6 2012 199 KA12-1413 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo Sep 6 2012 200 KA12-1414 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo Sep 6 2012 No. Table 1. 246 Kim et al. a Eco- type Auriscalpiaceae Russulales SYM Bondarzewiaceae Russulales SYM Psathyrellaceae Agaricales SAP Gomphidiaceae Boletales SAP Psathyrellaceae Agaricales SYM Strophariaceae Agaricales SAP Tricholomataceae Agaricales SAP Mycenaceae Agaricales SAP Mycenaceae Agaricales SAP Helvellaceae Pezizales SAP Pluteaceae Agaricales SAP Ganodermataceae Polyporales SYM Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Strophariaceae Agaricales SAP Physalacriaceae Agaricales SYM Meruliaceae SYM Polyporales Tricholomataceae Agaricales SYM Physalacriaceae Agaricales SAP PolyporaceaeStrophariaceaePhysalacriaceae Polyporales Agaricales Agaricales SAP SAP SAP Tricholomataceae Agaricales SAP Gomphaceae Gomphales SAP Pyronemataceae Pezizales SAP Psathyrellaceae Agaricales SYM Auriculariaceae Auriculariales SAP Lyophyllaceae Agaricales SAP Lyophyllaceae Agaricales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP SuillaceaeSarcoscyphaceae Pezizales Boletales SYM SAP Fomitopsidaceae Polyporales SAP Geoglossaceae Geoglossales SAP Phanerochaetaceae Polyporales SAP Meruliaceae Polyporales SYM Geastraceae Geastrales SYM Meruliaceae Polyporales SAP Hymenogastraceae Agaricales SAP Family Order . sp . vulgare 2 Cortinariaceae Agaricales SAP 1 Cortinariaceae Agaricales SAP . dudleyi . picreus . . hongoi . . . microrrhiza cf . cepistipes cf . hirta cf . submelinoides . pinicola . . cf cf sp sp sp . rainierensis . cf cf cf cf sp sp . elastica . hongoi cf sp cf cf Auriscalpium Heterobasidion araucariae Psathyrella Psathyrella Chroogomphus rutilus Chroogomphus Coprinellus micaceus Agrocybe erebia Arrhenia Mycena filopes Mycena crocata Helvella Helvella Pluteus Pluteus Ganoderma applanatum Fomes fomentarius Hypholoma fasciculare Cortinarius Cortinarius Paraxerula Mucidula Bjerkandera adusta Bjerkandera Tricholoma Cortinarius Cortinarius Armillaria Trametes pubescens Trametes Gymnopilus Ramaria Ramaria Geastrum Geastrum Neohygrohporus Scutellinia Psathyrella piluliformis Auricularia auricula-judae Auricularia Hypsizygus marmoreus Lyophyllum decastes Royoporus badius Royoporus Suillus grevilleiSuillus Sarcoscypha Sarcoscypha Fomitopsis Microglossum viride Microglossum Antrodiella cf. hoehnelii cf. Antrodiella Irpex lacteus Merulius tremellosus Merulius Hebeloma Provisional and final and Provisional identification KR673615 KR673616 KR673617 KR673618 KR673619 KR673620 KR673630 KR673631 KR673632 KR673610 KR673611 KR673612 KR673613 KR673628 KR673629 KR673607 KR673608 KR673625 KR673626 KR673627 KR673634 KR673621 KR673624 KR673635 KR673636 KR673637 KR673638 KR673639 KR673640 KR673641 KR673642 KR673643 KR673644 KR673645 KR673646 KR673622 KR673623 ITS GenBank No. . sp . . sp . . . sp . sp. KR673614 sp. KR673609 sp sp sp sp sp. KR673633 Cortinarius Cortinarius Scutellinia hirta Scutellinia Sarcoscypha dudleyi Sarcoscypha Hebeloma submelinoides . Tricholoma . hoehnelii Antrodiella . microrrhiza Psathyrella . cepistipes Armillaria sp. .Geastrum .Geastrum .. hongoi Paraxerula Mucidula sp .Neohygrohporus .Neohygrohporus .Arrhenia .Arrhenia sp . rainierensis Ramaria sp sp. sp. sp sp. sp sp sp .Pluteus hongoi .Pluteus sp sp sp sp. sp Heterobasidion araucariae Heterobasidion araucariae Psathyrella Psathyrella Chroogomphus rutilusChroogomphus rutilus Chroogomphus Coprinellus micaceus Coprinellus micaceus Agrocybe erebia Agrocybe erebia Geastrum Geastrum Mycena filopesMycena filopes Mycena Mycena crocataMycena crocata Mycena Helvella elasticaHelvella Helvella Ganoderma applanatum Ganodermaapplanatum Fomes fomentariusFomes fomentarius Fomes Hypholoma fasciculare Hypholoma fasciculare Cortinarius Auriscalpium vulgare Auriscalpium Arrhenia Bjerkandera adustaBjerkandera adusta Bjerkandera Tricholoma Pluteus Cortinarius Trametes pubescensTrametes pubescens Trametes Gymnopilus liquiritiaeEntoloma Mucidula Gymnopiluspicreus Ramaria Armillaria Armillaria Scutellinia Psathyrella piluliformis Psathyrella piluliformis Auricularia auricula-judaeAuricularia auricula-juda Auricularia Hypsizygus marmoreus Hypsizygus marmoreus Lyophyllum decastes Lyophyllum decastes Royoporus badiusRoyoporus badius Royoporus Suillus grevilleiSuillus grevillei Suillus Sarcoscypha Sarcoscypha pinicolaFomitopsis Fomitopsis Microglossum viride Microglossum viride Antrodiella Antrodiella Irpex lacteusIrpex lacteus Irpex Merulius tremellosusMerulius tremellosus Merulius Inocybe Clitocybe Clitocybe Morphologcial identificationMorphologcial ITS identification Collection date Locality Continued Specimen No. 210 KA12-1682 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 211 KA12-1683 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 212 KA12-1684 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 213 KA12-1685 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 214 KA12-1686 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 215 KA12-1687 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 225 KA12-1699 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 226 KA12-1700 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 227 KA12-1701 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 228 KA12-1702 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 205 KA12-1677 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 15 Oct2012 206 KA12-1678 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 207 KA12-1679 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 208 KA12-1680209 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, KA12-1681 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 16 Oct2012 224 KA12-1698 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 201 KA12-1672 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 15 Oct2012 202 KA12-1673 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 15 Oct2012 204 KA12-1675 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 15 Oct2012 203 KA12-1674 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 15 Oct2012 220 KA12-1693 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 221 KA12-1694222 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, KA12-1696223 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, KA12-1697 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 16 Oct2012 16 Oct2012 219 KA12-1692 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 229 KA12-1703 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 230 KA12-1704 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 231 KA12-1705 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 232 KA12-1706 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 233 KA12-1707 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 234 KA12-1708 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 235 KA12-1709 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 236 KA12-1710237 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, KA12-1711 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 16 Oct2012 238 KA12-1712 Ulleungdo Seonginbong, 2012 Oct 18 239 KA12-1714 Ulleungdo Seonginbong, 2012 Oct 18 240 KA12-1716 Ulleungdo Seonginbong, 2012 Oct 18 No. 216 KA12-1688 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 217 KA12-1689 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 218 KA12-1690 Ulleungdo Nari-Basin, 16 Oct2012 Table 1. Mushroom Flora of Ulleung-gun 247 a Eco- type Bondarzewiaceae Russulales SAP Entolomataceae Agaricales SAP Ganodermataceae Polyporales SAP Pleurotaceae Agaricales SAP Schizophyllaceae Agaricales SAP Helotiaceae Helotiales SYM Marasmiaceae Agaricales SAP Marasmiaceae Agaricales SAP Pleurotaceae Agaricales SAP Russulaceae Russulales SYM Family Order Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Pezizaceae Pezizales SAP Hymenogastraceae Agaricales SAP Stereaceae Russulales SAP Russulaceae Russulales SYM Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Strophariaceae Agaricales SAP Inocybaceae Agaricales SAP Psathyrellaceae Agaricales SYM Tricholomataceae Agaricales SAP Strophariaceae Agaricales PAR Polyporaceae Polyporales SYM Entolomataceae Agaricales SAP Gomphidiaceae Boletales SAP Amanitaceae Agaricales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales SYM Psathyrellaceae Agaricales SAP Phanerochaetaceae Polyporales SAP Agaricaceae Agaricales SAP Stereaceae Russulales SYM Amanitaceae Agaricales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales SYM Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Inocybaceae Agaricales SAP Bondarzewiaceae Russulales SAP Russulaceae Russulales SYM Schizophyllaceae AgaricalesPhysalacriaceae Agaricales SAP SAP . . cygneus sp . picreus cf cf . popinalis . kauffmanii . atkinsoniana sp. 1sp. Marasmiaceae Agaricales SAP . subnuda . subtomentosum cf cf . umbratica cf cf cf sp. 1sp. Russulaceae Russulales SYM cf Heterobasidion Ganoderma applanatum Clitocella Clitocella Pleurotus pulmonarius Pleurotus commune Schizophyllum Chlorociboria aeruginascens Chlorociboria Gymnopus dryophilus Gymnopus dryophilus Lentinus sajor-caju Russula xerampelina Gymnopus Polyporus tuberaster Polyporus Provisional and final and Provisional identification Peziza badioconfusa Galerina Galerina Stereum Stereum Russula cyanoxantha Tyromyces chioneus Tyromyces Kuehneromyces mutabilis Kuehneromyces Crepidotus applanatus Psathyrella maculata Psathyrella Leucocoprinus Leucocoprinus Collybia Collybia Gymnopilus Royoporus badius Royoporus Entoloma Chroogomphus rutilus Chroogomphus Amanita ibotengutake Lentinus sajor-caju Psathyrella maculata Psathyrella Antrodiella semisupina Stereum ostrea Stereum Amanita pseudovaginata Trametes pubescens Trametes Fomes fomentarius Inocybe Heterobasidion araucariae Russula violeipes Schizophyllum commune Schizophyllum Russula gallica Armillaria KR673686 KR673681 KR673647 KR673648 KR673682 KR673649 KR673683 KR673650 KR673684 KR673651 KR673685 KR673652 ITS GenBank No. KR673653 KR673654 KR673655 KR673656 KR673657 KR673658 KR673659 KR673660 KR673662 KR673663 KR673673 KR673674 KR673676 KR673677 KR673678 KR673679 KR673680 KR673664 KR673665 KR673666 KR673667 KR673668 KR673669 KR673670 KR673671 KR673672 . sp sp. KR673661 . sp . . . sp. KR673675 sp sp sp Clitocella popinalis Clitocella Galerina atkinsoniana . Heterobasidion sp . Gymnopilus picreus .Gymnopus .Gymnopus sp sp . Collybia subnuda .Russula xerampelina .Russula .Russula .Russula sp. sp sp sp Ganoderma applanatum Ganodermaapplanatum Pleurotus pulmonarius Pleurotus pulmonarius Schizophyllum commune Schizophyllum commune Chlorociboria aeruginascensChlorociboria aeruginascens Chlorociboria dryophilusGymnopus dryophilus Gymnopus Gymnopus dryophilusGymnopus dryophilus Gymnopus Lentinus sajor-caju Lentinus sajor-caju Russula Gymnopus Heterobasidion Polyporus tuberasterPolyporus tuberaster Polyporus Morphologcial identificationMorphologcial ITS identification Peziza badioconfusaPeziza badioconfusa Peziza Galerina Galerina Stereum subtomentosumStereum Stereum Russula cyanoxantha Russula cyanoxantha Tyromyces chioneusTyromyces chioneus Tyromyces Kuehneromyces mutabilis Kuehneromyces mutabilis Crepidotus applanatusCrepidotus applanatus Crepidotus Psathyrella maculataPsathyrella maculata Psathyrella Leucocoprinus cygneus Leucoagaricus Stereum ostreaStereum ostrea Stereum Royoporus badiusRoyoporus badius Royoporus Entoloma kauffmanii Entoloma Chroogomphus rutilusChroogomphus rutilus Chroogomphus Amanita ibotengutakeAmanita ibotengutake Amanita Lentinus sajor-caju Lentinus sajor-caju Psathyrella maculataPsathyrella maculata Psathyrella Antrodiella semisupinaAntrodiella semisupina Antrodiella Collybia Collybia Amanita pseudovaginata Amanita pseudovaginata Trametes pubescensTrametes pubescens Trametes Fomes fomentariusFomes fomentarius Fomes Inocybe umbratica Inocybe Heterobasidion araucariae Heterobasidion araucariae Russula violeipes violeipes Russula Schizophyllum commune Schizophyllum commune Armillaria gallicaArmillaria gallica Armillaria Russula Gymnopilus Collection date Locality Continued Specimen No. No. 241 KA12-1717 Ulleungdo Seonginbong, 2012 Oct 18 sp. Clitocybe 275 KA13-1209 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 24 Sep 2013 242 KA12-1718 Ulleungdo Seonginbong, 2012 Oct 18 276 KA13-1210 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 24 Sep 2013 243 KA12-1719 Ulleungdo Seonginbong, 2012 Oct 18 277 KA13-1211 Ulleungdo Yongchulso, 24 Sep 2013 244 KA13-0107 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2013 12 Jun 278 KA13-1213 Ulleungdo Yongchulso, 25 Sep 2013 245 KA13-0108 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2013 12 Jun 279 KA13-1214 Ulleungdo Yongchulso, 25 Sep 2013 280 KA13-1215 Ulleungdo Yongchulso, 25 Sep 2013 246 KA13-0109 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2013 12 Jun 247 KA13-0110 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2013 12 Jun 248 KA13-0111 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2013 12 Jun 249 KA13-0112 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2013 12 Jun 250 KA13-0113 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2013 12 Jun 251 KA13-0114 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 2013 12 Jun 252 KA13-0931 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2013 253 KA13-0932 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2013 254 KA13-0933 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near Sep 3 2013 255 KA13-0934 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 4 2013 257 KA13-1190 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 23 Sep 2013 268 KA13-1201 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 23 Sep 2013 269 KA13-1202 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 23 Sep 2013 270 KA13-1203 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 23 Sep 2013 271 KA13-1204 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 23 Sep 2013 272 KA13-1205 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 23 Sep 2013 273 KA13-1206 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 24 Sep 2013 274 KA13-1207 Bongnae Ulleungdo Fall, Near 24 Sep 2013 256 KA13-0935 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, Sep 4 2013 258 KA13-1191 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 23 Sep 2013 259 KA13-1192 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 23 Sep 2013 260 KA13-1193 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 23 Sep 2013 261 KA13-1194 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 23 Sep 2013 262 KA13-1195 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 23 Sep 2013 263 KA13-1196 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 23 Sep 2013 264 KA13-1197 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 23 Sep 2013 266 KA13-1199 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 23 Sep 2013 265 KA13-1198 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 267 KA13-1200 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 23 Sep 2013 23 Sep 2013 Table 1. 248 Kim et al. a Eco- type AuriscalpiaceaeMycenaceae Russulales Agaricales SYM SAP Hemiphacidiaceae Helotiales SAP Entolomataceae Agaricales SAP Suillaceae Boletales SAP Hygrophoropsidaceae Boletales SYM MeruliaceaeRussulaceae Polyporales Russulales SAP SAP Tricholomataceae Agaricales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Family Order Russulaceae Russulales SYM Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Strophariaceae Agaricales SYM Tubariaceae Agaricales SAP Amanitaceae Agaricales SAP Mycenaceae Agaricales SAP Phallaceae Phallales PAR Amanitaceae Agaricales SAP Helotiaceae Helotiales SAP MycenaceaeRutstroemiaceae Agaricales Helotiales SYM SAP Xylariaceae Xylariales SAP Polyporaceae Polyporales SAP Mycenaceae Agaricales SAP Strophariaceae Agaricales SAP StrophariaceaePhysalacriaceae Agaricales Agaricales SYM SAP Strophariaceae Agaricales PAR Strophariaceae Agaricales SAP Strophariaceae Agaricales SYM . mollusca cf torta . maculata . vulgare cf. cf cf . subnudus . . gemina . romagnesii cf cf . . brevipes . olida . zephirus cf sp. 2sp. Clavulinaceae Cantharellales SAP . luteovirescens cf cf cf sp sp. 1 Russulaceae Russulales SAP sp. 1sp. Russulaceae Russulales SAP sp. 2sp. 3sp. Russulaceae Russulaceae Russulales Russulales SYM SYM sp. 2sp. Inocybaceae Agaricales SAP cf Auriscalpium Russula Mycena diosma Chlorencoelia Chlorencoelia Annulohypoxylon multiforme Annulohypoxylon Rhodocollybia Rhodocollybia Suillus granulatus Inocybe Leucogyrophana Leucogyrophana Steccherinum ochraceum Steccherinum Russula Gymnopus Russula Russula Trametes versicolor Trametes Provisional and final and Provisional identification Lactarius Lactarius Polyporus brumalis Trametes versicolor Trametes Agrocybe erebia Typhula Amanita rubrovolvata Mycena Phallus impudicus Phallus Amanita fulva Chlorociboria aeruginascens Chlorociboria Mycena Lanzia Lanzia Trametes versicolor Trametes Mycena haematopus Hypholoma fasciculare Agrocybe erebia Armillaria Agrocybe erebia Russula Russula Stropharia aeruginosa Pholiota lubrica Pholiota Clavulina Clavulina KR673696 KR673697 KR673698 KR673699 KR673700 KR673689 KR673690 KR673691 KR673693 KR673694 KR673692 KR673695 KR673716 ITS GenBank No. KR673712 KR673713 KR673714 KR673715 KR673717 KR673718 KR673719 KR673720 KR673721 KR673722 KR673723 KR673701 KR673702 KR673703 KR673704 KR673705 KR673706 KR673709 KR673710 KR673711 KR673707 KR673708 . sp . sp. KR673687 . . . . . sp sp sp sp sp sp sp. KR673688 Chlorencoelia torta Chlorencoelia Inocybe Mycena zephirus Lanzia luteovirescens Lanzia . Leucogyrophana mollusca sp sp. . Gymnopus subnudus .Clavulina .Clavulina .Lactarius romagnesii .Lactarius sp .Typhula .Typhula .Mycena olida .Mycena .Russula .Russula .Russula brevipes .Russula .Russula .Russula .Russula .Russula .Russula sp sp sp sp sp. sp sp sp sp sp sp. Mycena diosmaMycena diosma Mycena Russula Chlorencoelia Annulohypoxylon multiformeAnnulohypoxylon multiforme Annulohypoxylon Rhodocollybia maculataRhodocollybia Rhodocybe Inocybe Suillus granulatus Suillus granulatus Leucogyrophana Leucogyrophana Steccherinum ochraceum Steccherinum ochraceum Gymnopus Russula Russula Trametes versicolorTrametes versicolor Trametes Auriscalpium vulgare Auriscalpium Morphologcial identificationMorphologcial ITS identification Polyporus brumalis Polyporus brumalis Trametes versicolorTrametes versicolor Trametes Agrocybe erebia Agrocybe erebia Typhula Amanita rubrovolvataAmanita rubrovolvata Amanita Mycena Phallus impudicus Phallus impudicus Amanita fulvaAmanita fulva Amanita Chlorociboria aeruginascensChlorociboria aeruginascens Chlorociboria Mycena Trametes versicolorTrametes versicolor Trametes Mycena haematopus Mycena haematopus Hypholoma fasciculare Hypholoma fasciculare Agrocybe erebia Agrocybe erebia Armillaria melleaArmillaria Agrocybe erebia gemina Armillaria Agrocybe erebia Russula Stropharia aeruginosa Stropharia aeruginosa Pholiota lubricaRussula Lactarius Pholiota lubrica Clavulina Clavulina Collection date Locality Continued Specimen No. 292 KA13-1230 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 25 Sep 2013 291 KA13-1229 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 293 KA13-1232 Albong, Ulleungdo 25 Sep 2013 25 Sep 2013 294 KA13-1233 Albong, Ulleungdo 25 Sep 2013 281 KA13-1216 Ulleungdo Yongchulso, 25 Sep 2013 282 KA13-1218283 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, KA13-1219 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 25 Sep 2013 25 Sep 2013 284 KA13-1220 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 25 Sep 2013 285 KA13-1222 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 25 Sep 2013 288 KA13-1225 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 25 Sep 2013 286 KA13-1223287 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, KA13-1224 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 25 Sep 2013 25 Sep 2013 289 KA13-1227 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 25 Sep 2013 290 KA13-1228 Ulleungdo Nasujeon, 25 Sep 2013 No. 307 KA13-1251 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 26 Sep 2013 308 KA13-1252 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 26 Sep 2013 309 KA13-1253 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 26 Sep 2013 310 KA13-1254 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 26 Sep 2013 311 KA13-1258 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 26 Sep 2013 312 KA13-1261 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 26 Sep 2013 313 KA13-1262 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 26 Sep 2013 314 KA13-1263 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 26 Sep 2013 315 KA13-1264 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 26 Sep 2013 316 KA13-1265 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 26 Sep 2013 317 KA13-1267 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 26 Sep 2013 Unknown 295 KA13-1234 Albong, Ulleungdo 25 Sep 2013 296 KA13-1235 Albong, Ulleungdo 25 Sep 2013 297 KA13-1236 Albong, Ulleungdo 25 Sep 2013 298 KA13-1238 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 26 Sep 2013 299 KA13-1239300 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo KA13-1240 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 26 Sep 2013 26 Sep 2013 304 KA13-1248305 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo KA13-1249 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 26 Sep 2013 26 Sep 2013 301 KA13-1241 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 303 KA13-1245 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 306 26 Sep 2013 KA13-1250 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 26 Sep 2013 26 Sep 2013 302 KA13-1242 Seonginbong, Ulleungdo 26 Sep 2013 Eco-type (SAP, saprophytes; SYM, symbionts; PAR, parasites). PAR, symbionts; SYM, saprophytes; Eco-type (SAP, Table 1. a Bold-letters indicate the candidatesnew of to Korea. ITS, internal transcribed spacer. Mushroom Flora of Ulleung-gun 249 and KR673412~KR673723) (Table 1). Jeppson [21], Bates et al. [22], and Yousaf et al. [23].

Phylogenetic analyses of Bovista species. Raw sequences RESULTS AND DISCUSSION were proofread, edited, and assembled into contigs using PHYDIT 3.2 [17]. DNA sequences were aligned using Mushroom flora of Ulleung-gun. The provisional and ClustalX 1.81 [18], and then manually adjusted using final identifications were conducted based on morphological PHYDIT. Ambiguously aligned regions were excluded observations and ITS sequence identification due to the from subsequent analyses. To determine the phylogenetic large number of undescribed species and that fact that positions of the specimens, datasets were analyzed using some species can be very difficult to identify. If the results maximum parsimony (MP) in PAUP ver. 4.0b10 [19] and of the morphological identification (mainly using the keys by Bayesian inference in MrBayes 3.1.2 [20]. Parsimony for macro-characteristics) and ITS identification (similarity analysis was conducted using a heuristic search with 1,000 > 97%) did not match, we chose and considered the most random addition replicates and tree bisection-reconnection closely related species accordcing to either the morphological branch-swapping. MP bootstrap support values (MPBS) or ITS identification. Alternatively, some are showed with the for internal nodes were calculated from 1,000 replicates taxonomical abbreviation “cf.” (Latin for confer = compares of the MP analysis. Posterior probabilities (PPs) were with) because these species could not be confirmed due to approximated using the metropolis-coupled Markov Chain technical difficulties, such as poor sampling or a lack of Monte Carlo method. Two parallel runs were conducted with sufficient information for the species. These species require one cold and three heated chains for 3 million generations, additional studies. However, in present study, we evaluated starting with a random tree. The trees were sampled every the mushroom flora in Ulleung-gun based on the provisional 100 generations. We interpreted the convergence of two identification (Table 1). independent runs when the average standard deviation of A total of 317 specimens were collected (2 phyla, 7 classes, the split frequencies dropped below 0.01. The trees obtained 21 orders, 59 families, 122 genera, and 221 species). Of before the convergence were discarded using the burn-in these 221 species, 199 (290 specimens) were in the phylum command, and the remaining trees were used to calculate Bisidiomycota, and 22 (27 specimens) were in the phylum a 50% majority consensus tree and estimate PP. Reliable Ascomycota. The most common order was Agaricales DNA sequence data for the other reported Lycoperdaceae (189 specimens; 132 species), followed by Polyporales (47 (especially Bovista species) and outgroup species for use in specimens, 27 species), Russulales (31 specimens, 22 species), the phylogenetic analyses were derived from Larsson and Boletales (10 specimens, 7 species) and so on (Table 1, Fig.

Fig. 2. Orders and ampleness of collected specimens in Ulleung-gun. A, Number of specimens by order; B, Composition by genus; C, Composition by ecological type. SAP, saprophytes; SYM, symbionts; PAR, parasites. 250 Kim et al. b HelotiaceaeHelotiaceaeLachnaceaeBulgariaceaeHelvellaceae HelotialesPezizaceae HelotialesPyronemataceaePyronemataceae Helotiales LeotialesPyronemataceae PezizalesSarcoscyphaceae Pezizales LeotiomycetesCordycipitaceae Pezizales Pezizales LeotiomycetesCordycipitaceae Pezizales LeotiomycetesDiatrypaceae Pezizales LeotiomycetesXylariaceae Ascomycota Pezizomycetes HypocrealesXylariaceae Ascomycota Pezizomycetes HypocrealesXylariaceae Pezizomycetes Ascomycota PezizomycetesAgaricaceae Ascomycota Xylariales PezizomycetesAgaricaceae Ascomycota PezizomycetesAgaricaceae Xylariales Sordariomycetes Ascomycota Ascomycota Agaricaceae Xylariales Sordariomycetes Ascomycota Agaricaceae Xylariales Ascomycota AgaricalesAmanitaceae Ascomycota Ascomycota Sordariomycetes AgaricalesAmanitaceae Ascomycota AgaricalesAmanitaceae Sordariomycetes AgaricalesBolbitiaceae Sordariomycetes Ascomycota Agaricales √ Cortinariaceae Sordariomycetes Agaricales AgaricomycetesCortinariaceae Ascomycota Agaricales AgaricomycetesCortinariaceae Ascomycota Agaricales AgaricomycetesCortinariaceae Ascomycota Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota AgaricalesCortinariaceae Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Entolomataceae Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Entolomataceae Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Hydnangiaceae Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Hydnangiaceae Agaricales Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes AgaricalesHydnangiaceae Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota AgaricalesHygrophoraceae Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Hygrophoraceae Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Hygrophoraceae Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota √ Hygrophoraceae Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes AgaricalesHygrophoraceae Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes AgaricalesHygrophoraceae Basidiomycota Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Agaricales Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes √ Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota √ Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Basidiomycota √ Family Order Class Phylum Matched a Chlorociboria aeruginosa virgineum Lachnum Bulgaria inquinans dissingii Helvella Nemania serpens Conocybe apala Cortinarius cinnamomeus butyracea Rhodocollybia maculata Rhodocollybia Laccaria amethystina Ampulloclitocybe clavipes Hygrocybe subcinnabarina Previous name (in Jung’s reports) name (inPrevious Jung’s citrinaBisporella aeruginosum Chlorosplenium Dasyscyphus virgineus name Current Bulgaria polymorpha villosa Cyathipodia vesiculosaPeziza aurantiaAleuria kerguelensisScutellinia citrina Bisporella Scutellinia scutellataWynnea giganteaCordyceps militarisIsaria japonicaEutypa scabrosavesiculosa Peziza kerguelensis Scutellinia concentricaDaldinia aurantia Aleuria rubiginosumHypoxylon scutellata Scutellinia Hypoxylon serpens Calvatia craniiformis Wynnea gigantea alborubescensLepiota Cordycepsmilitaris comatusCoprinus gemmatumLycoperdon Isaria japonica concentrica Daldinia rubiginosum Hypoxylon Eutypa scabrosa Lycoperdon pyriforme hemibaphaAmanita Amanita pantherina Calvatiacraniiformis Amanita verna alborubescens Chlorophyllum lactea Conocybe gemmatum Lycoperdon cinnamomea Dermocybe comatus Coprinus Cortinarius multiformis Lycoperdon pyriforme Cortinarius pseudopurpurascens hemibapha Amanita Cortinarius pseudosalor Amanita pantherina Cortinarius variecolor butyracea Collybia Cortinarius pseudopurpurascens maculata Collybia Amanita verna Cortinarius multiformis Laccaria amethystea laccataLaccaria Cortinarius pseudosalorLaccaria vinaceoavellanea clavipes Clitocybe Cortinarius variecolor cantharellusHygrocybe coccineaHygrocybe flavescensHygrocybe subcinnabarinus Hygrophorus Laccaria vinaceoavellanea russulaHygrophorus laccata Laccaria cantharellus Hygrocybe coccinea Hygrocybe flavescens Hygrocybe russula Hygrophorus Mushroom speciespreviously recoreded inUlleung-gun by Jung[6-11] No. 1 32 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 Table 2. Mushroom Flora of Ulleung-gun 251 b HymenogastraceaeInocybaceaeInocybaceaeInocybaceae AgaricalesInocybaceaeInocybaceae AgaricalesInocybaceae AgaricalesLyophyllaceae Agaricales AgaricomycetesMarasmiaceae AgaricalesMarasmiaceae AgaricalesMarasmiaceae Agaricomycetes AgaricalesMarasmiaceae Basidiomycota Agaricales AgaricomycetesMycenaceae Agaricales AgaricomycetesMycenaceae Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Mycenaceae Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Mycenaceae Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Mycenaceae Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota AgaricalesMycenaceae Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota AgaricalesMycenaceae Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota AgaricalesMycenaceae Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota AgaricalesPhysalacriaceae Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota AgaricalesPhysalacriaceae Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes √ AgaricalesPhysalacriaceae √ Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes AgaricalesPhysalacriaceae Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes AgaricalesPhysalacriaceae Agaricales √ Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Pleurotaceae Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Pluteaceae Agaricales √ Agaricomycetes BasidiomycotaPluteaceae Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Psathyrellaceae Agaricales Agaricomycetes Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Psathyrellaceae √ Agaricales Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Agaricales Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Agaricales Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Agaricomycetes Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Basidiomycota √ PsathyrellaceaePsathyrellaceaePsathyrellaceaeSchizophyllaceaeStrophariaceae AgaricalesStrophariaceae AgaricalesStrophariaceae Agaricales AgaricalesStrophariaceaeStrophariaceae Agaricales AgaricomycetesStrophariaceae Agaricales Agaricomycetes Agaricales Agaricomycetes Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Agaricales Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Agaricales Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota √ Agaricomycetes Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota √ Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota √ Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota √ Basidiomycota √ Basidiomycota Basidiomycota √ Family Order Class Phylum Matched Psathyrellaceae Agaricales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota a Lyophyllum decastes Gymnopus confluens dryophilus Gymnopus Strobilurus stephanocystis Xerula pudens plautus Pluteus Coprinellus disseminatus Coprinellus micaceus atramentaria Coprinopsis Lacrymaria lacrymabunda Lacrymaria fasciculare Hypholoma Hebeloma crustuliniformeHebeloma Crepidotus badiofloccosus geophilusCrepidotus mollisCrepidotus cookeiInocybe Inocybe crustuliniforme lacera Hebeloma Inocybe umbratica Crepidotus badiofloccosus decastes Clitocybe Collybia confluens geophilus Crepidotus dryophila Collybia maximusMarasmius mollis Crepidotus Marasmius siccus carolinensis cookei Mycena Inocybe Mycena elegans Inocybe umbratica Inocybe lacera Mycena haematopus luteopallensMycena macrocystidiataMycena maximus Marasmius Mycena puraPanellus stipticus siccus Marasmius carolinensis Mycena Xeromphalina campanellaArmillariella mellea Mycena elegans MycenaCylindrobasidium evolvens haematopus macrocystidiata Mycena luteopallens Mycena velutipesFlammulina Strobilurus stephanocystis pudens Oudemansiella Xeromphalina campanella Pleurotus ostreatus Panellusstipticus Mycena pura Pluteus petasatus Cylindrobasidium evolvens mellea Armillariella Pluteus depauperatus Coprinus disseminatus velutipes Flammulina micaceus Coprinus Coprinus atramentarius Pleurotus ostreatus Pluteus petasatus Previous name (in Jung’s reports) name (inPrevious Jung’s name Current papilionaceusPanaeolus candolleanaPsathyrella Schizophyllum commune fasciculare Naematoloma Kuehneromyces mutabilis spumosaPholiota papilionaceus Panaeolus squarrosaPholiota candolleana Psathyrella squarrosoidesPholiota commune Schizophyllum Stropharia aeruginosa Kuehneromyces mutabilis spumosa Pholiota squarrosa Pholiota squarrosoides Pholiota Stropharia aeruginosa Psathyrella velutina Psathyrella Continued 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 No. 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 73 Table 2. 252 Kim et al. b StrophariaceaeTricholomataceaeTricholomataceaeTricholomataceaeTricholomataceae Agaricales AgaricalesAtheliaceae AgaricalesAuriculariaceae AgaricalesAuriculariaceae AgaricalesBoletaceaeBoletaceae Agaricomycetes Agaricomycetes AuricularialesBoletaceae Atheliales Agaricomycetes AuricularialesBoletaceae AgaricomycetesDiplocystidiaceae Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Rhizopogonaceae Boletales Basidiomycota AgaricomycetesSuillaceae Boletales Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes AgaricomycetesSuillaceae Boletales Basidiomycota BoletalesSuillaceae Boletales BoletalesGeastraceae BasidiomycotaGeastraceae Basidiomycota Basidiomycota AgaricomycetesGloeophyllaceae Agaricomycetes Boletales √ Gomphaceae Agaricomycetes Boletales AgaricomycetesHymenochaetaceae Agaricomycetes Boletales Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes GeastralesHymenochaetaceae Basidiomycota Gloeophyllales GeastralesSchizoporaceae Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Schizoporaceae Hymenochaetales Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes GomphalesSchizoporaceae Basidiomycota Hymenochaetales AgaricomycetesSchizoporaceae Agaricomycetes Agaricomycetes Agaricomycetes AgaricomycetesSchizoporaceae Hymenochaetales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota AgaricomycetesSchizoporaceae Hymenochaetales BasidiomycotaSchizoporaceae Hymenochaetales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Hymenochaetales Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Hymenochaetales Basidiomycota √ Agaricomycetes Hymenochaetales Basidiomycota √ Agaricomycetes Hymenochaetales Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Basidiomycota SchizoporaceaePhallaceaePhallaceaeFomitopsidaceaeFomitopsidaceae HymenochaetalesFomitopsidaceaeFomitopsidaceae Phallales Polyporales AgaricomycetesFomitopsidaceae Phallales PolyporalesFomitopsidaceae PolyporalesFomitopsidaceae PolyporalesFomitopsidaceae Basidiomycota Polyporales Agaricomycetes Agaricomycetes Polyporales Agaricomycetes Agaricomycetes Polyporales Agaricomycetes Polyporales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota √ Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Basidiomycota √ Family Order Class Phylum Matched a Auricularia nigricans Auricularia pulverulentus Cyanoboletus Pseudoboletus astraeicola Rhizopogon roseolus Pseudochaete corrugata Alutaceodontia alutacea Basidioradulum radula brevidensFibrodontia alutaria Hyphodontia breviseta Hyphodontia Pseudocolus fusiformis Postia caesia Postia stiptica Postia tephroleuca Agrocybe arvalisClitocybe infundibuliformis nudaLepista colossusTricholoma robustumTricholoma epiphyllaAthelia Auricularia auricula-judae Clitocybe infundibuliformis Auricularia polytricha Agrocybe arvalis edulisBoletus Chalciporus piperatuscolossus Tricholoma pulverulentus Boletus robustum Tricholoma nuda Lepista Xerocomus Auricularia auricula-judae astraeicola Astraeus hygrometricus epiphylla Athelia Rhizopogon rubescens bovinusSuillus Suillus granulatus Chalciporus piperatus Suillus grevillei edulis Boletus mirabileGeastrum Geastrum triplex Astraeus hygrometricus trabeumGloeophyllum albo-ochraceaTrechispora Phellinus laevigatusbovinus Suillus Hymenochaete corrugata Suillusgranulatus stenospora Grandinia mirabile Geastrum grevillei Suillus Hyphoderma radula trabeum Gloeophyllum brevidens Coriolus Ramariciumalbo-ochraceum Geastrum triplex Grandinia alutaria brevisetaGrandinia Phellinus laevigatus Oxyporus ravidusOxyporus similis Oxyporus ravidus Oxyporus similis Previous name (in Jung’s reports) name (inPrevious Jung’s name Current Phallus impudicusPseudocolus schellenbergiae albidaAntrodia Antrodia sinuosa aurulentaAuriporia Daedalea dickinsiiFomitopsis pinicolaOligoporus caesius Phallus impudicus Oligoporus stipticus tephroleucus Oligoporus albida Antrodia Antrodia sinuosa aurulenta Auriporia Daedalea dickinsii Fomitopsispinicola Schizopora paradoxaSchizopora paradoxa Schizopora Continued 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 No. 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 Table 2. Mushroom Flora of Ulleung-gun 253 b http://www.mycobank.org/defaultinfo.aspx?Page=Home). MeruliaceaeMeruliaceaeMeruliaceaeMeruliaceaeMeruliaceae PolyporalesMeruliaceae PolyporalesMeruliaceae PolyporalesMeruliaceae PolyporalesPhanerochaetaceae PolyporalesPhanerochaetaceae Agaricomycetes PolyporalesPhanerochaetaceae Agaricomycetes PolyporalesPhanerochaetaceae Polyporales Agaricomycetes PolyporalesPolyporaceae Polyporales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Polyporaceae Polyporales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Polyporaceae Polyporales Agaricomycetes BasidiomycotaPolyporaceae Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota AgaricomycetesPolyporaceae Agaricomycetes Polyporales Basidiomycota AgaricomycetesPolyporaceae Polyporales √ Basidiomycota AgaricomycetesPolyporaceae Polyporales Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes BasidiomycotaPolyporaceae Polyporales Basidiomycota BasidiomycotaPolyporaceae Polyporales BasidiomycotaPolyporaceae Agaricomycetes Polyporales BasidiomycotaPolyporaceae Agaricomycetes PolyporalesPolyporaceae Agaricomycetes PolyporalesPolyporaceae Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota PolyporalesMeruliaceae Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota PolyporalesBondarzewiaceae Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota PolyporalesLachnocladiaceae Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota PolyporalesPeniophoraceae Agaricomycetes √ Basidiomycota PolyporalesRussulaceae Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Russulales Polyporales Agaricomycetes Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Russulales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Russulales Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes √ Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Russulales Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes √ Basidiomycota √ Agaricomycetes √ Basidiomycota √ Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Basidiomycota StereaceaeStereaceaeHydnodontaceae Russulales Trechisporales Russulales Agaricomycetes Agaricomycetes Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Family Order Class Phylum Matched RussulaceaeRussulaceaeRussulaceaeRussulaceaeRussulaceae Russulales Russulales Russulales Russulales Russulales Agaricomycetes Agaricomycetes Agaricomycetes Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Agaricomycetes Basidiomycota Basidiomycota Basidiomycota √ Basidiomycota a Phlebia unica Phlebia deflectens Phanerochaete Lentinus tigrinus neostrigosusPanus Trametes hirsuta Trametes pubescens versicolor Trametes Hymenopellis radicata Dichostereum granulosum Conferticium karstenii Previous name (in Jung’s reports) name (inPrevious Jung’s name Current Hyphoderma setigerumHyphoderma Hypochnicium eichleri lacteusIrpex Junghuhnia nitida separabilimaJunghuhnia Phlebia livida setigerum Hyphoderma cremeoalutacea Phlebia Resinicium bicolor Hypochnicium eichleri gilvescensCeriporiopsis Ceriporiopsis subvermispora separabilima Junghuhnia septentrionalisClimacodon Junghuhnia nitida lacteus Irpex deflectens Phlebia Daedaleopsis tricolor fomentariusFomes Phlebia livida Ceriporiopsis gilvescens Ceriporiopsis subvermispora Panus tigrinus Resinicium bicolor septentrionalis Climacodon Panus rudis Perenniporia medulla-panis subacidaPerenniporia Polyporus arcularius Daedaleopsis tricolor Polyporus melanopus fomentarius Fomes Pycnoporus cinnabarinus Perenniporia hirsutus medulla-panisCoriolus pubescens Coriolus Coriolus versicolor subacida Perenniporia abietinumTrichaptum Polyporus arcularius adustaBjerkandera Polyporus melanopus Pycnoporus cinnabarinus radicata Oudemansiella Grandinia granulosa lilaceaPeniophora Lactarius piperatus abietinum volemus Trichaptum Lactarius adusta Bjerkandera lilacea Peniophora piperatus Lactarius volemus Lactarius Xylobolus frustulatusXylobolus farinaceaTrechispora frustulatus Xylobolus farinacea Trechispora Russula cyanoxanthaRussula emeticaRussula foetensRussula senecisGloeocystidiellum karstenii Russula cyanoxantha Russula emetica Russula foetens Russula senecis Continued No. 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 160 161 155 156 157 158 159 Species that matched our surveyed species. surveyed our matched that Species Current names were confirmed with referenced to the Index Fungorum (http://www.indexfungorum.org/names/names.asp) or MycoBank ( MycoBank or confirmed (http://www.indexfungorum.org/names/names.asp) names were Fungorum to the with Index referenced Current Table 2. a b Boldnames. changed letters indicate 254 Kim et al.

2). Some specimens (54) could not be identified at the more mumerous than the Ascomycota (Table 1, Fig. 2). species level—we hypothesized that these may be new In the previous record of mushrooms in Ulleung-gun, species; however more samples and additional phylogenetic Basidiomycota were nine times more abundant than studies are required. In addition, we discovered that 44 Ascomycota (total: 2 phyla, 4 classes, 18 orders, 53 families, species were candidates for new species in Korea. Among 111 genera, and 161 species [6-11]) (Table 2). The reason these candidates, one species that is reported here for the for this might be that Ascomycota which form smaller first time (previously reported in 2012 as Bovista plumbea fruiting bodies, are generally duffucult to find using the Pers. on Dokdo, a far-eastern Korean island) was intensively naked eyes, and some species quickly disappear. However, investigated. We report the taxonomical description of this according to Blackwell [24], the number of recorded species as a newly recorded Bovista species [B. aestivalis Ascomycota (ca. 60,000 species) is two times greater than (Bonord.) Demoulin] in Korea. the number of Basidiomycota (ca. 30,000 species), even Fig. 2A shows that almost all of our collected specimens though most Ascomycota do not make fruiting bodies or are belong to the Basidiomycota, which were nearly 10 times indistinct. Current DNA methodologies (e.g., pyrosequencing)

Fig. 3. One of the 18 most parsimonious trees from a heuristic analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences (33 taxa, 632 characters; tree length = 358, consistency index = 0.62, retention index = 0.71, homoplasy index = 0.38). Broad black branches indicate maximum parsimony bootstrap support value (MPBS) > 70% and Bayesian posterior probabilities > 0.95. Only MPBS > 50% are shown above or below branches. Mycenastrum corium MJ5467, Disciseda bovista MJ5078 and D. candida MJ3588 were used as outgroups. Mushroom Flora of Ulleung-gun 255 make it possible to discover more fungi, especially Ascomycta, differed from B. plumbea. We intensively investigated this to evaluate fungal diversity. In addition, constant effort is specimen, because it was the first time it was discovered required to secure the uncollected mushrooms recorded in on Dokdo, a far-eastern Korean island. The other species Jung’s reports [6-11] as well as small-sized mushrooms, are also valuable; however, we did not have enough samples especially those that belong to the Ascomycota, to accurately and taxonomic data. We will be subsequently report the assess the biodiversity of mushroom flora. remaing species in the near future once we obtain enough Among the collected specimens, the genus Russula was specimen samples and taxonomic information. the most aboudant in Ulleung-gun (5%, 15 specimens, 12 Alignment of the ITS sequences resulted in a total of 632 species) followed by the genus Mycena (4%, 13 specimens, characters, which included 466 constant sites, 70 variable 11 species), the genus Gymnopus (4%, 14 specimens, 7 but parsimony-uninformative sites, and 96 parsimony- species), the genus Trametes (3%, 11 specimens, 3 species), informative sites (Fig. 3). The MP tree was 358 steps with the genus Amanita (3%, 10 specimens, 8 species), and so a consistency index of 0.62, a retention index of 0.71 and a on (Fig. 2B). The composition of the ecological types of the homoplasy index of 0.38. Bayesian analysis used a GTR + collected mushrooms is 72% saprophytes, 25% symbionts, I + G model, and the first 10,500 trees were discarded and 3% parasites (Table 1, Fig. 2C). We found that only 30 as burn-in (with a “burninfrac” value of 0.35). In the ITS of the current mushroom species were previously recorded tree, our specimens (KA12-1278, before considering B. (Table 2). Nevertheless, our collected mushrooms were plumbea), two American Bovista aestivalis strains (STB075 nearly 1.5 times more diverse than the previously recorded and STB0124), and a Swedish B. aestivalis stains formed a mushrooms at the speices level. group with high supported values (MPBS/PP = 84/1.0). However, KA12-1278 was clearly distinct from B. plumbea Phylogenetic analysis of Korean Bovista aestivalis. MJ4856. Among the candidate new species in Korea, we report a Bovista species (Bovista aestivalis; KA12-1278). Although Taxonomical description. our specimen had been unofficially previously reported as Bovista aestivalis (Bonord.) Demoulin, Beih. Sydowia 8: B. plumbea in 2012, we found that this species clearly 143 (1979) (Fig. 4)

Fig. 4. Bovista aestivalis KA12-1278. A, Fruiting bodies; B~E, Eucapillitial threads (mostly intermediate-type and rarely Lycoperdon-type); F, Paracapillitial threads (septate); G, Thick-walled hyphal elements of endoperidium (tightly interwoven and septate); H, I, Basidiospores (scale bars: A = 3 cm, B = 100 µm, C = 20 µm, D~I = 10 µm). 256 Kim et al.

Basidiomata ca. 15~40 mm in diam., ca. 20~30 mm high, regions. The results of this study improve our understanding subglobose to pulvinate, a few thick rhizomorphs attached of mushroom flora and ecosystem in Ulleung-gun, as well to substrate. Exoperidium minutely verruculose; whitish as Korean mushroom diversity. when young, becoming pale brown to brown when old. Endoperidium pale yellow to grayish yellow, papery. Gleba ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS yellowish to olive-brown at maturity, and cottony. Subgleba yellowish-brown. Basidiospores released via a ragged apical This research was supported by the research fund of Korea pore. National Arboretum (Project No. KNA 1-1-10). Basidiospores 4.6~5.2 × 4.0~4.7 µm, length/width ratio 1.0~1.2 (n = 30), globose to subglobose, smooth to asperate, REFERENCES pedicel absent or slightly short (< 1.0 µm long), pale yellow to brown in 3% KOH mount, with a central oil drop. 1. Butchart SH, Walpole M, Collen B, Van Strien A, Scharlemann Basidia are not observed. 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