DOCSLIB.ORG

Florida Fishery-Wide Reproductive Indices of Stone Crab, Menippe Mercenaria, and Their Application to Stock Assessment and Manag

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Florida Fishery-Wide Reproductive Indices of Stone Crab, Menippe Mercenaria, and Their Application to Stock Assessment and Manag University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School March 2012 Florida Fishery-Wide Reproductive Indices of Stone Crab, Menippe mercenaria, and Their Application to Stock Assessment and Management Claire Elizabeth Crowley University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons Scholar Commons Citation Crowley, Claire Elizabeth, "Florida Fishery-Wide Reproductive Indices of Stone Crab, Menippe mercenaria, and Their Application to Stock Assessment and Management" (2012). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6821 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Florida Fishery-Wide Reproductive Indices of Stone Crab, Menippe mercenaria, and Their Application to Stock Assessment and Management by Claire Elizabeth Crowley A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy with a concentration in Marine Resource Assessment College of Marine Science University of South Florida Major Professor: Kendra L Daly, Ph.D. Ryan L. Gandy, Ph.D. David Chagaris, Ph.D. Cameron Ainsworth, Ph.D. Christopher Stallings, Ph.D. Date of Approval: April 17th, 2017 Keywords: stone crab, size at maturity, histology, fecundity, spawning potential ratios Copyright © 2017, Claire E. Crowley DEDICATION I dedicate this work to my parents, Linda and Paul Crowley. Thank you for fostering my love of animals, Mother Nature, and learning. You both taught me, in your own ways, that I could truly accomplish anything that my heart desired. In sixth grade when I, your only child, told you I would leave Montana to go to college, you did everything you could to ensure that my dreams would come true. From saving money, working at school events to help my marching band’s travel expenses, spending many late nights helping me with procrastinated projects, and attending every tennis match, even if that meant sitting in the cold and rain for 12 hours at a time. Despite teenage angst, differing opinions, and a few doors slamming (literally and figuratively), there is not a time in my life that I ever questioned your unconditional love and support. Every mountain climbed, degree earned, and challenge overcome, were made possible because of you. Love you forever. Love, Mouse / Button ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to acknowledge the sources of funding that made this research possible: Florida stone crab commercial licensing and trap tag fees provided by the State of Florida, to the FWRI stone crab fishery independent monitoring program, and the Bill Hogarth Endowed Fellowship. A special thank you to Dr. Kendra Daly for advising me through both my Master’s and Doctoral degrees. Her guidance, support, compassion, and encouragement were incredibly meaningful to me throughout this process. I would also like to thank Dr. Ryan Gandy, my supervisor at the Florida Fish and Wildlife Research Institute. Without his leadership, understanding, friendship, and patience, the completion of this degree, while working full time, would not have been possible. I would also like to thank my committee member, Dr. David Chagaris for his guidance on the fifth chapter of this dissertation. I greatly appreciate his knowledge, assistance, support, and many phone calls. Thank you to my committee members, Dr. Christopher Stallings and Dr. Cameron Ainsworth for your support, editorial comments, and challenging me to think outside the box. I would like to give thanks and acknowledgement to Dr. Erin Hoerl Leone and Dr. Colin Shea for their expertise in statistics and ecological modeling, their guidance, and teaching skills were invaluable. I give my most heartfelt thanks to my friends and colleagues at the Florida Fish and Wildlife Research Institute. Not only for the hundreds of hours spent by my side collecting, dissecting, and processing histological samples, but for the support, understanding, and, most importantly, the endless laughter that brightened so many of my days. I can’t imagine having a more amazing, kind, and crazy work family. Finally, I would like to thank my parents and the friends that have been by my side since kindergarten, those from college, and those that have come into my life more recently. You are more than just friends, you are my family too. Without you, the mountains looked impossible to climb, but your words of wisdom, encouragement, and unconditional love gave me strength when I needed it the most. I am forever grateful that our paths intersected. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................... iv List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................ v Abstract ....................................................................................................................................................... vii Chapter One. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 1 Chapter Two. A Florida Fishery–wide Assessment of Maturity in the Stone Crab, Menippe mercenaria: Female Development ................................................................................................................ 6 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 6 Methods ........................................................................................................................................... 9 Field Sampling and historical data ...................................................................................... 9 Ovary sampling and preservation ........................................................................ 10 Physiological Maturity and Ovarian Staging .................................................................... 11 Oogonia ................................................................................................................ 11 Early primary growth (EPG) ................................................................................ 11 Late primary growth (LPG) ................................................................................. 12 Early secondary growth (ESG) ............................................................................ 12 Late secondary growth (LSG) .............................................................................. 12 Spent ................................................................................................................ 12 Atresia ................................................................................................................ 13 Behavioral Maturity .......................................................................................................... 13 Morphological Maturity .................................................................................................... 13 Functional Maturity .......................................................................................................... 14 Statistical Analysis ............................................................................................................ 14 Results .......................................................................................................................................... 15 Description of Catch ......................................................................................................... 15 Physiological Maturity ...................................................................................................... 15 Behavioral Maturity .......................................................................................................... 16 Morphological Maturity .................................................................................................... 16 Functional Maturity .......................................................................................................... 17 Decision-Tree Analyses .................................................................................................... 17 Discussion ...................................................................................................................................... 18 Tables .......................................................................................................................................... 25 Figures .......................................................................................................................................... 26 Chapter Three. A Florida Fishery-Wide Assessment of Maturity in the Stone Crab, Menippe mercenaria: Male Development .................................................................................................. 35 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 35 Methods ........................................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Report of the Working Group on the Biology and Life History of Crabs (WGCRAB)
    ICES WGCRAB REPORT 2012 SCICOM STEERING GROUP ON ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS ICES CM 2012/SSGEF:08 REF. SSGEF, SCICOM, ACOM Report of the Working Group on the Biology and Life History of Crabs (WGCRAB) 14–18 May 2012 Port Erin, Isle of Man, UK International Council for the Exploration of the Sea Conseil International pour l’Exploration de la Mer H. C. Andersens Boulevard 44–46 DK-1553 Copenhagen V Denmark Telephone (+45) 33 38 67 00 Telefax (+45) 33 93 42 15 www.ices.dk [email protected] Recommended format for purposes of citation: ICES. 2012. Report of the Working Group on the Biology and Life History of Crabs (WGCRAB), 14–18 May 2012. ICES CM 2012/SSGEF:08 80pp. For permission to reproduce material from this publication, please apply to the Gen- eral Secretary. The document is a report of an Expert Group under the auspices of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea and does not necessarily represent the views of the Council. © 2012 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea ICES WGCRAB Report 2012 | i Contents Executive summary ................................................................................................................ 1 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 2 2 Adoption of the agenda ................................................................................................ 2 3 Terms of reference 2011 ................................................................................................ 2 4
    [Show full text]
  • Rvsd La Stone Crabs.Indd
    Artist Unknown LOUISIANA STONE CRABS By Jerald Horst In recent years, a small commercial recreational and fishery has developed for stone crabs in high- salinity bays across Louisiana. Stone crabs began to attract attention in the 1980s, when more of them began appearing in blue crab traps in coastal lakes and bays. In early 1985, LSU biologists conducted a study into the possibility of developing a fishery for them. Before that could occur, however, the great Christmas freeze of 1989 severely reduced the number of stone crabs in Louisiana’s coastal waters. Since then, stone crab numbers have increased to more than before 1989. Modest numbers are landed in some parts of the state for sale in the wholesale trade or for retail sales directly to the public. In some areas, numbers are high enough for recreational crabbers to target. The stone crab found in Louisiana is officially known as the Gulf stone crab, Menippe adina. It is very closely related to the Florida stone crab, Menippe mercenaria, but smaller, with some color differences. The Gulf stone crab has a dark brown body, compared to the tan or gray color of the Florida stone crab, and it doesn’t have bands or stripes around its legs like the Florida stone crab. The ranges of the two species overlap in the area of Apalachee Bay, Florida, where they hybridize. Gulf stone crabs seem to prefer slightly higher salinities than blue crabs, from full strength sea water at 35 parts per thousand (ppt) down to 10 ppt. They seem to prefer areas near or on oyster reefs, rock jetties or debris-cluttered bottoms, where they burrow in the mud for shelter, cold weather refuge and when molting their shell.
    [Show full text]
  • Part I. an Annotated Checklist of Extant Brachyuran Crabs of the World
    THE RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY 2008 17: 1–286 Date of Publication: 31 Jan.2008 © National University of Singapore SYSTEMA BRACHYURORUM: PART I. AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF EXTANT BRACHYURAN CRABS OF THE WORLD Peter K. L. Ng Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 119260, Republic of Singapore Email: [email protected] Danièle Guinot Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Département Milieux et peuplements aquatiques, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France Email: [email protected] Peter J. F. Davie Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT. – An annotated checklist of the extant brachyuran crabs of the world is presented for the first time. Over 10,500 names are treated including 6,793 valid species and subspecies (with 1,907 primary synonyms), 1,271 genera and subgenera (with 393 primary synonyms), 93 families and 38 superfamilies. Nomenclatural and taxonomic problems are reviewed in detail, and many resolved. Detailed notes and references are provided where necessary. The constitution of a large number of families and superfamilies is discussed in detail, with the positions of some taxa rearranged in an attempt to form a stable base for future taxonomic studies. This is the first time the nomenclature of any large group of decapod crustaceans has been examined in such detail. KEY WORDS. – Annotated checklist, crabs of the world, Brachyura, systematics, nomenclature. CONTENTS Preamble .................................................................................. 3 Family Cymonomidae .......................................... 32 Caveats and acknowledgements ............................................... 5 Family Phyllotymolinidae .................................... 32 Introduction .............................................................................. 6 Superfamily DROMIOIDEA ..................................... 33 The higher classification of the Brachyura ........................
    [Show full text]
  • VITAE HARRIET MACGILL PERRY 872-4218 (Work)
    VITAE HARRIET MACGILL PERRY 872-4218 (work) PRESENT POSITION: Director, Center for Fisheries Research and Development, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, Ocean Springs, Mississippi 39564; Assistant Professor, Department of Coastal Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi EDUCATION: B.S., Biology, Florida State University, 1965. M.S., Zoology, University of Southern Mississippi, 1971. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE January 2000 to Present: Director, Center for Fisheries Research and Development, Institute of Marine Science, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, The University of Southern Mississippi. July 1998 to Present: Assistant Professor, Department of Coastal Sciences, Institute of Marine Science, The University of Southern Mississippi. October 1979 to Present: Research Biologist, Fisheries Research and Development, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, Ocean Springs, Mississippi. August 1968 to September 1979: Bio-technician, Fisheries Research and Development, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, Ocean Springs, Mississippi. MAJOR RESEARCH INTERESTS Fishery development, management of marine fisheries, blue crab aquaculture, population dynamics of estuarine and marine invertebrates, invertebrate taxonomy, invasive species. Gulf Guardian Award, The Alabama/Mississippi Rapid Assessment Program. PROCEEDINGS/BOOK CHAPTERS Co-editor - Proceedings of the Blue Crab Colloquium, Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission, 1982. Editor - Profile of the Blue Crab Fishery of the Gulf of Mexico, Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission, 1984. Co-editor - Proceedings of the National Symposium of the Soft-Shelled Blue Crab Fishery, Southeast Marine Advisory Service Network and Sea Grant Mid-Atlantic Advisory Service Network, 1985. Co-editor - The Blue Crab Fishery of the Gulf of Mexico, United States: A Regional Management Plan. Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission, 1990. Co-editor - A Profile of the Western Gulf Stone Crab, Menippe adina.
    [Show full text]
  • Fishery Bulletin/U S Dept of Commerce National Oceanic
    LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE CUBAN STONE CRAB, MENlPPE NODlFRONS (BRACHYURA, XANTHIDAE), UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS WITH NOTES ON THE STATUS OF THE FAMILY MENIPPIDAE1 LumInA E. SCO,I'02 ABSTRACT The complete larval development of the Cuban stone crab, Menippc nodifrons, is described and illustrated. Larvae reared in the laboratory passed through a prezoeal, five and uncommonly six zoeal, and one megalopal stage. At 30" C the megalopal stage was attained in 16-17 clays, at 20" C, 28-37 days. The six zoeal stages of M. nodifrons are compared with those of its sympatric congener M. mcrc<'!laria and with the first zoeal stage of the Indo-Pacific species M. rumphii. Larvae ofthe genus Menippe may be distinguished from other xanthid larvae by a combination of morphological features, including lilltennal development (exopodite at least three-fourths the length ofprotopoditel, lack of setae on the basal segment of the second maxillipL'<!al endopodite, and number oflarval stages (Menippe, 5 or 6; most other xanthids, 4). Using Lebour's criteria (emphasizing antenna! development and number of zoeal stages) to determine the primitive or advancL'<! status of decapod larvae, the genus Menippe is more closely related to the phylogentically primitive family Cancriclae than to most of the Xanthidae. The possible reestablishment of the family Menippidae is discussed in view of new larval evidence. The Cuban stone crab, MCllippe llodij'rolls tions of West Africa (Capart 1951; Monod 1956), a Stimpson 1859, is a medium-sized xanthid crab survey of stomatopod and decapod crustaceans of closely allied to the common commercial stone Portuguese Guiana (Vilela ]951), and an ecologi­ crab, MCllippc I/lcrcenaria (Say 18] 8).
    [Show full text]
  • Behavioural Effects of Hypersaline Exposure on the Lobster Homarus Gammarus (L) and the Crab Cancer Pagurus (L)
    Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology (2014) 457: 208–214 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2014.04.016 Behavioural effects of hypersaline exposure on the lobster Homarus gammarus (L) and the crab Cancer pagurus (L) Katie Smyth 1,*, Krysia Mazik1,, Michael Elliott1, 1 Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Studies, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom * Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (K. Smyth). Suggested citation: Smyth, K., Mazik, K., and Elliott, M., 2014. Behavioural effects of hypersaline exposure on the lobster Homarus gammarus (L) and the crab Cancer pagurus (L). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 457: 208- 214 Abstract There is scarce existing information in the literature regarding the responses of any marine species, especially commercially valuable decapod crustaceans, to hypersalinity. Hypersaline discharges due to solute mining and desalination are increasing in temperate areas, hence the behavioural responses of the edible brown crab, Cancer pagurus, and the European lobster, Homarus gammarus, were studied in relation to a marine discharge of highly saline brine using a series of preference tests. Both species had a significant behavioural response to highly saline brine, being able to detect and avoid areas of hypersalinity once their particular threshold salinity was reached (salinity 50 for C. pagurus and salinity 45 for H. gammarus). The presence of shelters had no effect on this response and both species avoided hypersaline areas, even when shelters were provided there. If the salinity of commercial effluent into the marine environment exceeds the behavioural thresholds found here, it is likely that adults of these species will relocate to areas of more favourable salinity.
    [Show full text]
  • Original Stone Crab Fishery Management Plan
    FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN for the STONE CRAB FISHERY of the GULF OF MEX ICO GULF OF MEXICO FISHERY MANAGEMENT COUNCIL Tampa, Florida Prepared by a Gulf Council Task Team directed by the Southeast Fisheries Center, National Marine Fisheries Service M;ami, Flor;da 33149 .. 1\ ,, 1\' '."~~ f,'. 1. PREFACE This fishery management plan for stone crabs, Menippe mercenaria and M. nodifrons was prepared for the Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council by a task team directed by the National Marine Fisheries Service. The following were members of the task team: Tom Costello (Task team leader) Southeast Fisheries Center Miami, Florida Theresa M. Bert Yale University Department of Biology New Haven. Connecticut David G. Cartano University of Miami Coral Gables. Florida Gary Davis (Task team leader for biological aspects of thfs plan) Everglades National Park Homestead, Florida Gale Lyon (Task team leader for economics of this plan) Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council Tampa. Florida Charles Rockwood Florida State University Tallahassee, Florida John Stevely Florida Cooperative Extension Service Key West, Florida Joseph Tashiro Southeast Fisheries Center Miami Laboratory Miami, Florida W. Lee Trent National Marine Fisheries Service Panama City, Florida Donna Turgeon Marine Science Consortium Wallops Islands, Virginia James Zuboy Southeast Fisheries Center Miami, Florida i 2. SUMMARY This is a plan to manage the stone crab resources of the Gulf of Mexico. A1 though the pl an considers. the resource throughout its range from Florida to Texas, the area which will be regulated under this plan is confined to the waters of the West Coast of Florida, including the Keys, in the Fishery Conservation Zone (9 nautical to 200 miles).
    [Show full text]
  • High-Pressure Processing for the Production of Added-Value Claw Meat from Edible Crab (Cancer Pagurus)
    foods Article High-Pressure Processing for the Production of Added-Value Claw Meat from Edible Crab (Cancer pagurus) Federico Lian 1,2,* , Enrico De Conto 3, Vincenzo Del Grippo 1, Sabine M. Harrison 1 , John Fagan 4, James G. Lyng 1 and Nigel P. Brunton 1 1 UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; [email protected] (V.D.G.); [email protected] (S.M.H.); [email protected] (J.G.L.); [email protected] (N.P.B.) 2 Nofima AS, Muninbakken 9-13, Breivika, P.O. Box 6122, NO-9291 Tromsø, Norway 3 Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy; [email protected] 4 Irish Sea Fisheries Board (Bord Iascaigh Mhara, BIM), Dún Laoghaire, A96 E5A0 Co. Dublin, Ireland; [email protected] * Correspondence: Federico.Lian@nofima.no; Tel.: +47-77629078 Abstract: High-pressure processing (HPP) in a large-scale industrial unit was explored as a means for producing added-value claw meat products from edible crab (Cancer pagurus). Quality attributes were comparatively evaluated on the meat extracted from pressurized (300 MPa/2 min, 300 MPa/4 min, 500 MPa/2 min) or cooked (92 ◦C/15 min) chelipeds (i.e., the limb bearing the claw), before and after a thermal in-pack pasteurization (F 10 = 10). Satisfactory meat detachment from the shell 90 was achieved due to HPP-induced cold protein denaturation. Compared to cooked or cooked– Citation: Lian, F.; De Conto, E.; pasteurized counterparts, pressurized claws showed significantly higher yield (p < 0.05), which was Del Grippo, V.; Harrison, S.M.; Fagan, possibly related to higher intra-myofibrillar water as evidenced by relaxometry data, together with J.; Lyng, J.G.; Brunton, N.P.
    [Show full text]
  • Comportamento Predatório Ex Situ Do Caranguejo Menippe Nodifrons Stimpson, 1859 (Decapoda, Brachyura) Sobre Moluscos Gastrópodes
    Comportamento Predatório Ex situ do Caranguejo Menippe nodifrons Stimpson, 1859 (Decapoda, Brachyura) sobre Moluscos Gastrópodes 1 1 GIVANILDO XIMENES SANTANA , ANTÔNIO ADAUTO FONTELES FILHO , LUIS ERNESTO 2 1,3 ARRUDA BEZERRA & HELENA MATTHEWS-CASCON 1Pós-Graduação em Ciências Marinhas Tropicais, Instituto de Ciências do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. da Abolição, 3207 - Meireles - CEP: 60165-081, Fortaleza, Ceará - Brasil. Email: [email protected] 2Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. da Arquitetura, S/N, Cidade Universitária. 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco – Brasil. 3Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará - Brasil 60455-760. Abstract. Predatory Behaviour Ex situ of the Stone Crab Menippe nodifrons Stimpson, 1859 (Decapoda, Brachyura) on Gastropods in Laboratory. Laboratory experiments were used to study the effect predation of the crab Menippe nodifrons Stimpson, 1859 on gastropods Stramonita haemastoma Linnaeus, 1758 Tegula viridula Gmelin, 1791 and Neritina virginea Linnaeus, 1758. The observed aspects had been of prey preference, handling time, predation techniques, prey critical size and chelal biomechanic analysis of the crabs. The crabs and the clams had been collected in the beach of the Pacheco, located in the city of Caucaia-Ce. Menippe nodifrons preferred Neritina virginea over both S. haemastoma and Tegula viridula, and S. haemastoma was strongly preferred over T. viridula. The males crabs preyed more heavily upon Neritina virginea than on both gastropods Stramonita haemastoma and Tegula viridula, while the females had eaten indistinctly the three gastropods. There were differences in hadling times between Neritina virginea, Stramonita haemastoma and Tegula viridula. The mean critical size for Neritina virginea was significantly smaller than for Stramonita haemastoma, which in turn was smaller than for Tegula viridula.
    [Show full text]
  • Westward Region Commercial Dungeness Crab and Shrimp Fisheries
    Westward Region Commercial Dungeness Crab and Shrimp Fisheries: A Report to the Alaska Board ofFisheries by David R. Jackson l Regional Information Report No . 4K97-9 Alaska Department ofFish and Game Commercial Fisheries Management and Development Division 211 Mission Road Kodiak, Alaska 99615 February 1997 1 The Regional Information Report Series was established in 1987 to provide an information access system for all unpublished division reports. These reports frequently serve diverse ad hoc informational purposes or archive basic uninterpreted data. To accommodate timely reporting of recently collected information, reports in this series undergo only limited internal review and may contain preliminary data; this information may be subsequently finalized and published in the formal literature. Consequently, these reports should not be cited without prior approval of the author or the Commercial Fisheries Management and Development Division. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES.......... 1 LIST OF FIGURES. ii DUNGENESS CRAB 1 Introduction............................................................................................................... 1 Historic Background................... 1 1996 Fishery.............................................................................................................. 2 SHRIMP 3 Trawl Fishery Historic Background 3 Stock Status............................................................................................................... 4 Pot Shrimp Fishery... 4 TABLES...............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 2012 Dungeness Crab Report
    DUNGENESS CRAB REPORT Dungeness crabs range from the eastern Aleutian Islands, Alaska, to perhaps Santa Barbara; however, the species is considered rare south of Point Conception. Temperature apparently determines the distribution, and the 38° to 65° F surface isotherms are considered the limits of the range. The geographic range of the species probably depends more on the restricted thermal tolerance range of larvae than of adults. Optimal temperatures for larval growth and development are 50° to 57° F. This species has a preference for sandy to sandy-mud bottoms but may be found on almost any bottom type. Dungeness crabs may range from the intertidal zone to a depth of at least 750 feet, but are not abundant beyond 300 feet. The resource off California has been demonstrated by the tagging experiments to consist of five subpopulations: one each in the areas around Avila-Morro Bay, Monterey, San Francisco, Fort Bragg, and Eureka-Crescent City. As noted above, only the latter three are of commercial importance. CDFG surveys indicate the combined San Francisco and Fort Bragg populations are not as large as the population extending from Eureka into Oregon. Little or no intermixing occurs. Tagging studies have also demonstrated random movement by both sexes. At times, an inshore or offshore migration is observed, but most movement is restricted to less than 10 miles. Travel up to 100 miles has been noted for individual males, but female movements seem much more limited. Female molting and mating occur from February through June. Male crabs are able to sense when females are about to molt (presumably through detection of pheromones released by females) and carry such females in a protective pre-mating embrace for several days until the molt.
    [Show full text]
  • City Island Lobster.062315.Indd
    City Island Appetizers Lobster House Crab Corner City Island Cold Hot From Alaska From Maryland Favorites Jumbo Shrimp Cocktail (5) ......................... 16.95 Bu alo Wings (12) ...................................... 12.95 King Crab Legs ............................................. 60.95 Whole Blue Claw Crabs .............................. 29.95 Favorites Whole Lobster in Shell (cold) ..................... 22.95 Mozzarella Sticks (8) ................................... 11.95 Snow Crab Leg Clusters ............................... 32.95 served broiled or steamed or Baltimore Style Catch of the Day Scungilli Salad ............................................... 15.95 Coconut Shrimp ........................................... 16.95 (spicy w/Old Bay) also served w/garlic or red sauce. Twin Lobster Tail Platter ................................... 45.95 Calamari Salad ............................................. 14.95 Fried Calamari .............................................. 13.95 Jumbo Shrimp Scampi ....................................... 26.95 Halibut or Sword sh .......................................... 27.95 Served broiled or steamed .... Freshly Shucked Littleneck Fried Ravioli ................................................. 12.95 Jumbo Dungeness Crab Claw Clusters 33.95 Baked Scallops & Shrimp Combination .......... 42.95 Norwegian Salmon ............................................ 25.95 or Cherrystone Clams ...................(½ Doz.) 10.00 Tender Chicken Fingers ............................... 12.95 Super Crab Lovers Combination
    [Show full text]