Scientific Research in Aerobic Gymnastics
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FÉDÉRATION INTERNATIONALE DE GYMNASTIQUE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN AEROBIC GYMNASTICS SUMMARY 2010 – 2014 / 1ST EDITION Welcome Address by Prof. Bruno Grandi FIG president Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear friends, In my various functions and in a few words I would like to express my full support to this initiative which I warmly welcome. I have been for several years drawing the attention of our authorities and members to the need to provide our cultural component the place it deserves. Gymnastics is the depositary of the correct work of our own motor skills and of the motor skills of humankind as a whole. We can move through surrounding space from the very beginning of life. We can move, feed ourselves and get entertained because we have a motor system without which life is impossible. We must therefore take care of it and maintain it. This is the fundamental and cultural vocation of gymnastics. The Aerobic Gymnastics Technical Committee has adopted a scientific approach in order to know, study and conduct researches in all matters which may improve the general framework within which our gymnasts perform. Their health is of paramount importance. It is one of our primary goals. I am therefore happy of such contribution and wish to commend their authors, in particular Technical President Mireille Ganzin, the chairman of the Scientific Commission Keith Russel and all those who worked at it. With my compliments. 3 Welcome Address by Mireille Ganzin AER TC president For ages, people have been trying to practice and understand the art of motion, to render it more and more complex, showing from year to year a high level of performance. From 1995, the year of the 1st Aerobic World championships, a long way has been done. Like all sports, Aerobic Gymnastics could not escape being a subject of investigation in the scientific approach. The work and studies conducted provide essential information for those who seek to improve their knowledge of this discipline, sometimes even changing the way it is taught. The information gathered, combined with the results, provide food for thought and reasons to change the rules and regulations. The same research helps preserve the health of athletes by improving knowledge on human physiology and psychology, while optimizing performance, the latter being one of the priority objectives for the International Gymnastics Federation. All this research work, conducted across the world, is a testimony of the growing interest for this new discipline accessible to the greatest number with acknowledged qualities for training and educating purposes. I cannot but rejoice that as a discipline, «Aerobic Gymnastics» fuelled so much research work that we now have to compile it before we can disseminate it. My heartfelt thanks to all the «co-workers» for them contribution to make this work, we owe them a lot for the efforts that went into this work and which will help «Aerobics» move forward globally. I would also like to express my gratitude to Professor Bruno Grandi, the FIG President, Keith Russel, President of the Scientific Commission as well as Dr Michel Leglise, President of the Medcal Commission. They all know, even more than I do, that no sports discipline can progress without a scientific background. We also thank Alexandre Cola, FIG Sport Manager, for his help in completing this document. 4 Welcome Address by Keith Russell FIG Scientic Commission-President I would like to congratulate the Aerobics Technical Committee, their president Mirieille Ganzin, and Maria Mineva for undertaking this publication. It was the result of a round table (colloquium) of Scientists and Researchers who were all interested in Aerobics Gymnastics. The event was held in conjunction with World Championships in Aerobic Gymnastics and there is, to my knowledge, no other comparable on-going endeavor in any other FIG discipline. As president of the FIG Scientific Commission I would very much like to see it become a model for other disciplines to follow. When you gather scientists from many fields together under a common theme it often produces the stimulating kind of results that you will see in this publication. And, of course, the intangible results from the cross pollination of different scientific fields - all focusing on a common sport - can have the most profound, and the most lasting effects. I appreciate the difficulty of organizing an event such as the round table (that generated these papers) without any financial support and I also appreciate the difficulty of finding funds to publish such results. Yet, this group persisted and you will see their results in this collection. Hopefully these papers, and others that may come from future round tables, will be a milestone in the applied Gymnastics sciences. Keith Russell PhD., Professor, University of Saskatchewan, Canada 5 Welcome Address by Maria Mineva AER TC responsible for Scientific Research Dear colleagues, For a first time FIG AG TC organizes a discussion united under the theme of “Scientific research in Aerobic Gymnastics”. It includes the broad Aerobic Gymnastics field of study – from initial preparation to elite sport. In this initiative took part coaches, choreographs, judges, doctors, scientific workers, organizers, FIG and Continental Union members, etc. It gave the opportunity to be collected new, interesting and current for the contemporary theory and practice scientific information in AG area. We are convinced that this will enrich the scientific knowledge and will ensure the future work contacts. The thematic directions and scientific discussion include: 1. Medical – biological and physiological aspect of AG. 2. Preparation and training process. 3. Pedagogical, psychological and sociological aspects of AG. 4. COP and judging. I hope that we all together will make a step forward in the integration process development in AG science. 6 CONTENTS FIRST PART MEDICAL-BIOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF AEROBIC GYMNASTICS 1. Haruhi Kikuchi, Hokusho, Hiroko Sasaki, Japan, A Study on the Special Characteristics of Aerobic Gymnastics Athletes, The capacity of Aerobic Power and Isokinetic Strength of Knee Joint. 2. Haruhi Kikuchi, Hokusho, Hiroko Sasaki, Takahiro Yunoki, Japan, A Study on the Special Characteristics of Aerobic Gymnastics Athletes and Movement of Blood Lactate. 3. Luisa Righetti, M. F. Piacentini, L. Capranica, F. Felici, Italia, Еnergy sources for Aerobic Gymnastics competition routines. 4. Maria Barroso, Portugal, Morfological profile in Aerobics Gymnastics. 5. Maria Eduarda de Oliveira Poli, Angela Patrícia Ramos, Mauro Fisberg, Roberto Fernandes da Costa, Brazil, Body composition of pan american adolescent athletes in Aerobic Gymnastics. 6. Maria Mineva, Bulgaria, Somatotype of elite Aerobic Gymnastics competitors. 7. Maria Mineva, M. Tarnichkova, Bulgaria, Research of blood lactate concentration after double load in competition conditions. 8. Maria Mineva, Emiliya Pavlova, Bulgaria, Aerobic, ergometric and physical working capacities in female athletes of Aerobic Gymnastics. 9. Marina Raposo do Amaral Santos, Maria Sylvia de Souza Vitalle, Isa da Padua Cintra, Maria Aparecida Zaneti Passos, Lisia Kiehl, Mauro Fisberg, Brazil, Aerobic Gymnastics athletes: antropometric and food intake profiles. 10. Marina Raposo do Amaral Santos, Maria Sylvia de Souza Vitalle, Isa da Padua Cintra, Maria Aparecida Zaneti Passos, Lisia Kiehl, Mauro Fisberg, Brazil, Intake risks for the sprouting of iron anemia in adolescent athletes of Aerobic Gymnastics from a club in São Paulo, Brazil. 11. Marina Raposo do Amaral Santos, Maria Sylvia de Souza Vitalle, Isa da Padua Cintra, Maria Aparecida Zaneti Passos, Lisia Kiehl, Mauro Fisberg, Brazil, Calcium intake in Aerobic Gymnastics adolescent athletes. 12. Ménétrier Arnaud, Doriane Baud, Johan Cassirame, Valérie Grandjean, Christophe Devillaine , Nicolas Tordi, France, Physiological effects induced by repetitive routines in Aerobic Gymnastics. 13. Xu Bo, China, Research on Factors of Anklebone Injury and its Preventing Treatment in Aerobic Exercise Training. 7 14. Yuliya Filippova, Russia, Morphological and functional characteristics of 11- to 22- year-old female athletes involved in Aerobic Gymnastics. 15. Young-hee Song, Korea, The Change of Fatigue Recovery Ability after Repeated Routine in Korea elite Aerobic Gymnastic athletes. SECOND PART PREPARATION AND TRAINING PROCESS 1. Berenice Cordelia Muller, Zimbabwe, Maria Mineva, Bulgaria, Selection, initial preparation and skill development for FIG Sports Aerobic age groups in Zimbabwe. 2. Cheng Ruiqin, China, Analyze on Transformation of Group Six of Last the World Sports Aerobics Championship Contest. 3. Georgi Sergiev, Bulgaria, Method for teaching difficulty elements in Aerobics Gymnastics. 4. Jelena Obradović, Serbia, Motor skill analysis of some kinetic structure in Aerobics Gymnastics. 5. Ji Huajun, China, Restoration of Competitive Aerobics athletes′ means after the training. 6. Kátia Lúcia Moreira Lemos, Rodrigo César Ribeiro Diniz, Marcus Henrique Garcia Diniz, Hans-Joachim Menzel, Brazil, Biomechanical analysis of Aerobic Gymnastics jumps. 7. Kátia Lúcia Moreira Lemos, Rodrigo César Ribeiro Diniz, Brazil, Aerobic Gymnastics in Federal University of Minas Gerais – looking for the most efficient training. 8. Kuang Xiaohong, Xia Xiurong, Zhang Jin, China, Study of Competitive Ability Structure Model and Main Reason of Top Athletes of Aerobic Gymnastics in China. 9. Kuang Xiaohong, Wang Pei, Zhang Peng, China, Innovational Research of Aerobics Gymnastics’ New Difficulty—Explosive