1905. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1501
Also, petition of citizens of Auburn, N. Y., 'favoring passage they can be spoong with Thy sh·ength., wise in Thy wisdom, :and of the Hepbm'll-Dolliver bill-to the Committee on the Judiciary. interpret Thy law. By Mr. PO\VERS of Massachusetts : Paper to accompany bill Keep green and fresh for us the memory of him whom we do for relief of John R. Bonedi·y, of Weymouth, Mass.-to the Com not see here, but whom we loved to see; whom we do not bear,· mittee on Invalid Pensions. but whom we remember, that this Senate, that the people of By Mr. ROBI~SON of Indiana: Petition of Kerr Post, No. this eountry, may be loyal as he to friends, to Senate, to country, 5~9. of Rome City, Ind., favoring bill H. R. 12041-to the Com and to the world. It is not in vain for us that Thou hast sent mittee on Invalid Pensions. fmth such children to interpret Thy purpose and to carry out By Mr. RUPPERT : Petition of the Denver Chamber of Com Tl1y law. merce and Board of Trade, against reduction of tariff on raw First and last .and always show us that Thy law may be our and refined sugar-to the Committee on Ways and Means. l:1.w, that '£by kingdom may come, and that we are to enter into By Mr. RYAN: Petition of New York City Division, No. 54, Thy service, that it may come the sooner. We ask it in Christ Order of Railway Conductors, favoring bill H. R. 7041-to the Jesus. Committee on the Judiciary. Our Father who art in beaven, hallowed be Thy name. Thy Also, a petition of the Lunkenheimer Company, of Cincinnati, kingdom come. Tby will be done on earth, as it is done in Ohio, favoring the Quarles-Oooper bill-to the Committee on heaven. Give us this day our daily bread. And forgive us our Interstate and Foreign Commerce. trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us. And Also, petition of the Geneva Red Cross Lithia Water Company, lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil; for Thine favoring the Cooper-Quarles bill-to the Committee on Inter ls the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, forever. Amen. - state and Foreign Commerce. The Secretary proceeded to read the Journal of yesterday's By Mr. SPALDING: Petition of the Tristate Grain Growers' proceedings, when, on request of 1\Ir. LoDGE, and by unanimous Convention., at Fargo, N. Dak., favoJ:.·ing appropriations for ex con ent, the further reading was dispensed with. periment stations and national grain inspection-to the Commit- The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Journal will stand ap tee on Agriculture. · proved, if there be no objection. It is approved. Also, petition of the Tristate Grain Growers' Convention, PROTECTION OF TREASURY VAULTS. against rebates or drawbacks on wheat-to the Committee on The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com Ways and Means. municati<>n from the Secretary of the Trea ury, transmitting a Also, petition of the Tristate Grain Growers' Convention, at draft of a bill appropriating $60,000 to install and maintain elec Fargo, N ~ Dak., favoring the Adams bill-to the Committee on tric burglar-alarm devices in connection with vaults and safes in Agriculture. buildings under his control; which, with the acc"'Ompanying pa Also, petition of the Tristate Grain Growers' Convention, at ~r, was referred to the Committee on Appropriations, and Fargo, N. Dak., against change in the oleomargarine law-to the ordered to be printed. Committee on Agriculture. Also, petition of the Tristate Grain Growers' Convention, pro- FINDINGS OF THE coURT OF cLAIMs. testing against free seed wheat-to the Committee on Agricul- The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com- ture. munication from the assistant clerk of the Court of Claims, By Mr. SHEPPARD: P aper .to accompany bill for relief .of ·transm.itting a certified copy of the findings of fact filed by the J. M. Carney-to the Committee on "Claims. court in the cause of the Trustees of the Methodist Episcopal By Mr. STEENERSON: Resolution of citizens of Polk and Church of Oldtown, Md., v. The United States; which, with the Norman counties, protesting · against restoration of the army accompanying paper, was referred to the Committee on Claims, beer saloon-to the Committee on Military Affairs. and ordered to be printed. · AI o, resolution of the Tristate Grain and Stock Growers' He also laid before the Senate a communication from the as- Association, protesting against importation of seed wheat-to sistant clerk of the Court of Claims, transmitting a certified copy the Committee on Ways and Means. of the findings of fact filed by the court in the cause of the Trus Also, resolution of the Tristate Gr!in and Stock Growers' tees of the Diocese of East Carolina of the Protestant Episcopal Association, urging an appropriation for advancement of the Church v. The United States; which, with the accompanying pa farming interest-to the Committee on Agriculture. per, was referred to the C{)mmittee on Claims, and ordered to be Also, resolution of the Tristate Grain Association, against Iprinted. changing the oleomargarine law-to the Committee on Agri- CREDENTIALS. culture. . Mr. PLA'IT of Connecticut presented the credentials of Mor- By Mr. SULLIVAN: PetitiOn of the Denv~r (Colo.) ~ham- gan G. Bulkeley, chosen by the legislature of the State of Con her. of Commerce and Board .o.f ~rade, agamst redu~tion of necticut a Senator from that State for the term beginning March tanff on sugar from the Phil1ppmes-to the C{)mmittee on 4, 1905 ; which were read and ordered to be filed. Ways and Means. By Mr. WEBB : Paper to accompany bill for relief of Hem·y PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. Brown-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Mr. PROCTOR presented the t>etition of M. L. Ellis and By Mr. WILLIAMS of Illinois : Paper to accompany bill for sundry other citizens of Poultney, Vt., praying for the enactment relief of Rachel Milhorn-to the Committee· on Pensions. of legislation prohibiting the sale of intoxicating liquors in the Also, paper to accompany bill for relief of Alfred T. Reily, Indian Territory when admitted to statehood; which was or of lola, Ill.-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. dered to lie on the table. He also presented a memorial of the State executive commit tee of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union of Vermont, remonstrating against the repeal of the present anticanteen law; SENATE. which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. l\1r. GAl\IBLE presented petitions of A. D. Goddard and sun SATURDAY,. ~8, January 1905. dry other citizens of Hot Springs, S. Dak.~ and a petition of the Rev. EDWARD E . HALE, the Chaplain of the Senate, offered l congregation of the Congregational Church of Mission Hill, tbe following prayer : S. Dak., praying for the enactment of legislation to regulate the L et us now rwaise tarnmt.s me-n. The Lord hath wrought interstate transportation of intoXicating liquors, and also to pro grea.t glory by them, through His great power t1·om the begin hibit the manufacture and sale of intoxicating liquors in the Ter ning. ritory of Oklahoma and the Indian Territory when admitted to Men renowned tor their power, giving counsel by their under statehood; which were referred to the Committee on the Judi ,.~tand in g, leaders ot the people by their counsel and by thei1· ciary. knou;ledge of Zea'rning meet tor the people-wise and eloquent He .also presented a memorial of Local Union No. 153, Cigar in their instructions. Makers' International Union of America, of Sioux Falls, S. Dak., AU these we're honored, in their generations and were the remonstrating against any reduction of the duty on tobacco and glorv of their times. The people 'l.Oill tell ot their wisdom and cigars imported from the Philippine Islands; which was re t.he congregation will show forth the,ir praise. ferred to the Committee on the Philippines. Father, we a.sk Thee to keep green and fresh the memories He also presented a petition of the National Association of of such fatbers in the past, of those whom we have seen with Retail Druggists of Brookings, S. Dak., praying for the enact our eyes and have heard with our ears, that in all coming t ~ me ment of legislation to amend the patent laws relating to medici such men's lives may live among the children and the children's nal preparations; which was referred to the Committee on children. Patents. Teach us to-day, teach all this people, that Thou art pleased He also presented .a memorial of the Tri-State Grain and to do 1,hy work by the agency of Thy children who enter into Stock Growers' Association of Minnesota, North and South Thy service and go about a Father's business. Show us how Dakota, remonstrating against the enactment of legislation pro- 1502 yONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENA-TE. JANUARY 28,
viding for drawbacks or rebates on Canadian wheat;-which was I Mr. McCUMBER, from the Committee on Pensions to whom referred to the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. were referred the following bills, reported them seve1:ally with- He also pres:;nted a memorial of the Tri-State Grain and out amendment, and submitted reports thereon: Stock Growers'. Association of Minnesota, North and Soutll A. bill (H. R. 15869) granting an increase of pension to Ben- Dakota, remonstrating against the enactment of legislation pro- jamin II. Scrivens ; viding for the importation of seed wheat from Canada free of A. bill (H. R. 15857) granting an increase of pension to David duty; which was referred to the Committee on Finance. Galbreath; He also presented a petition of James River Lodge, No. 673, A. bill (H R. 15431) granting an increase of pension to An- Brotherhood of Locomotive Trainmen, of Aberdeen, S. Dale, drew Pinney; prayiilg for the passage of the so-called "employers' liability A. bill (H. R. 14680) granting an increase of pension to Man- bill;" which was referred to the Committee on Interstate Com- roe Chapin; merce. · A. bill (H. R. 14600) granting an increase of pension to Joseph He also presented a memorial of the Tri-State Grain and Woods; Stock Growers' Association of Minnesota, North and South A. bill (H. R. 14495) granting an increase of pension to Jack- Dakota, remonstrating against any change or modification of the son Adams ; present oleomargarine law; which was referred to the Commit- A. bill (H. R. 15728) granting an increase of pension to tee on Agriculture and Forestry. Waldron C. Townsend; He also presented a petition of the Tri-State Grain and .A. bill (H. R. 14798) granting an increase of pension to Stock Growers' Association of Minnesota, North and South Lusern Allen; Dakota, praying for the enactment of legislation providing for .A. bill (H. R. 15489) granting an increase of pension to Oliver national inspection of all grains; which was referred to the B. :Martin; Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. .A. bill (H. R. 13969) granting an increase of pension to Dora Mr. GALLINGER presented a petition of the congregation of Smith; the Methodist Episcopal Church of Peterboro, N. H., praying for .A. bill (H. R. 13887) granting an increase of pension to Jacob the enactment of legislation providing for the opening and im- Steffes ; provement of Massachusetts and Boundary avenues NW., in the .A. bill (H. R. 15019) granting an increase of pension to John city of Washington; which was referred to the Committee on H. Els~on; the District of Columbia. A bill (H. R. 13877) granting an increase of pension to Fred- He also presented a petition of the Woman's Christian Tern- erick Lilje; perance Union of Exeter, N. H., and a petition of the Woman's .A. bill (H. R. 15324) granting an increase of pension to Joseph Christian Temperance Union of Seabrook, N. H., praying for an W. 'Vinger ; investigation of the charges made and filed against Hon. REED .A. bill (H. R. 14695) granting an increase of pension to Fran- SMOOT, a Senator from the State of Utah; which were referred cis D. Lewis ; to the Committee on Privileges and Elections. .A. bHl (H. R. 15406) granting an increase of pension to Mr. COCKRELL presented a petition of the Business Men's George W. Carpenter; and League of St. Louis, Mo., praying for the enactment of legisla- A bill (H. R. 15520) granting an increase of pension to Wil- tion providing for untaxed denaturalized alcohol for industrial liam P. Dunnington. purposes; which was referred to the Committee on Finance. Mr. McCUMBER (for Mr. FoSTER of Washington), from the Mr. DIETRICH presented a petition of the Woman's Chris- Committee on Pensions, to whom were referred the following tian Temperance Union of Wymore, Nebr., praying for the en- I.Jills, reported them severally without amendment, and submit actment of legislation prohibiting the sale of intoxicating liquors ted reports thereon: in all public buildings, grounds, and ships; which was referred A bill (H. R. 14219) granting an increase of pension to Earl to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. J. Lamson ; Mr. FRYE presented a petition of the New York Board of A bill (H. R. 15719) granting an increase of pension to Bar- Trade and Transportation, praying for the ratification of inter- riet N. Jones; national arbitration treaties; which was referred to ·the Com- .A. bill (H. R. 15079) granting an increase of pension to Con- mittee on Foreign Relations. stantine J. McLaughlin; and He also presented the petition of Mary .A.. Smith, of Beach, .A. bill (II. R. 15415) granting an increase of pension to Jonas Ind. T., and a petition of sundry citizens of Briartown and H. Upton. Torum, Ind. T., praying for the enactment of legislation prohib- Mr. McCUMBER, from the Committee on Indian .Affairs, to iting the sale of intoxicating liquors to Indians in the Indian whom was referred the bill (S. 5952) establishing an addi Territory when admitted to statehood; which were ordered to tiona! recording district in Indian Territory, and for other pur- lie on the table. poses, reported it with amendments, and submitted a report REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. thereon. Mr. SCOTT, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom were He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the referred the following bills, reported them severally without bill ( S. 6864) for the establishment of an additional recording amendment, and submitted reports thereon: district in the Indian Territory, and for other purposes, re A bill (H. R. 15866) granting an increase of pension to Ben- ported it with amendments, and submitted a report thereon. jamin F. Hopkins; . Mr. GAMBL-E, from the Committee on Indian .Affairs, to .A. bill (H. R. 15865) granting an increase of pension to Wil- whom was referred the bill (S. 6126) to authorize the -issue of Iiam H. McClellan; patents of lands embraced in Indian allotments in South Dakota, .A. bill (H. R. 15848) granting an increase of pension to John reported it with amendments, and submitted a report thereon. -Reninger; He also, from the same committee, to whom were referred the .A. bill (H. R. 15886) granting an incease of pension to Wil- following bills, reported them each with an amendment, and liam S. Radcliffe; submitted reports thereon: .A. bill (H. R. 15769) granting an increase of pension to Henry A bill (S. 2854) to provide for a final settlement with the Peoples ; Clatsop tribe of Indians, of Oregon, for lands ceded by said .A. bill (H. R. 15729) granting an increase of pension to Phaon Indians to the United States in a certain agreement between Hartman; said parties, dated August 7, 1851; and .A. bill (H. R. 14406) granting a pension to Paul W. Thorn- .A. bill (S. 2853) to provide for a final settlement with the son ; Tillamook b·ibe of Indians, of Oregon, for lands ceded by said .A. bill (H. R. 15645) granting an increase of pension to Sam- Indians to the United States in a certain agreement between uel B. Clark; said parties, dated August 7, 1851. .A. bill (H. R. 15657) granting an increase of pension to Wil- :Mr. ALGER, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom were Ham Tawney; referred the following bills, reported them severally without .A. bill (H. R. 15730) granting an increase of pension to Ben- amendment, and submitted reports thereon: jamin F. Shireman; and .A. bill (H. R. 15863) granting an increase of pension to Mark A bill (H. R. 16149) granting an · increase of pension to Wilde; Thomas J. Moore. A bill (H. R. 15775) granting an increase of pension to Daniel Mr. McCUMBER. I am directed by the Committee on Pen- W. Smith; sions, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. 14560) granting an .A. bill (H. R. 15776) granting an increase of pension to Hard- increase of pension to Asbury W. Hamilton, to submit an ad- son Ball; ve~e report thereon, and I ask that it be indefinitely postponed, .A. bill (H. R. 15669) granting an increase of pension to Mat- the beneficiary of the bill having died since it passed the House. thew C. Danforth; · The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will be postponed A bill (H. R. 15466) granting an increase of pension to Isaac lndefin1tely. B. Snively; 1905. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE.. 1503
A bill (H. R. 15169) granting an increase of pension to Lo ~MEBICAN NATIONAL INSTITUTE AT PARIS. retta V. Biggs; and On motion of Mr. FBYE it was A bHI (H. R. 15411) granting an increase of pension to Isaiah Ordered~ That there be reprinted for the use of the Senate 1,000 Gat'l·etson. copies of Senate Document No. 398, Fifty-sixth Congress, relating to the ·Mr. STEWART, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, to Amedcan National Institute at Paris. whom was referred the bill (H. R. 15011) to open to. homestead MEMORIAL ADDBESSES ON T.HE LATE SENATOR HOAlt. settlement and entry the relinquished and undisposed-of por Mr. LODGE. Mr. President, before sending the resolutions tions of the Round Valley Indian Reservation, in the State of to the desk, I wish to state, as I have been asked to do, that the California, and for other purposes, reported it without amend Senator from Wisconsin [Mr. SPOONER], who was very anxio-us ment, and submitted a report thereon. to be here to-day and to speak to the resolutions, and whose 1\Ir. STEW ART. I ask that Senate blll 5654, now on the Cal long friendship with Mr. HoAR is well known to the Senate, is endar, be indefinitely postponed, and that the bill just reported unfortunately prevented suddenly by illness from co-ming; he is by me be given its place on the Calendar. The two. bills are unable to leave his house. I now send the resolutions to the identical. desk. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill ( S'• . 5654) to open The PRESIDENT pro tempore~ The- Senator from .Massa to h<>mestead settlement and entry the reltnquished and undis chusetts submits resolutions, which will be read. posed-of portions ()f Round Valley Indian Reservation, in the The Secretary read the· resolutions, as f~llows : State o:( California, and for other purposes, will be indefinitely R esolved, That the Senate has heard with profound sorrow of the postponed, and the House bill just reported will be given its death of Hon. GEORGE F. HoAR~ late a. Sena.to.r from the State of Mas place on the Calendar, there being no objection. sachusetts. R esolved, That as a mark of respect to the memory of the deceased BILLS INTRODWCED. the business of the Senate be now suspended to enable his associates .Mr. COCKRELL introduced a bill ( S. 6934) granting a pen to ~ay proper tribute to his high character and distinguished public sion to Andrew J. Harlan; which was read twice by its title, services. R esolved, That the Secretary communicate these resolutions to the and r eferred to the Committee on Pensions. House of Representatives. · · · He also iptroduced a bill (S. 6935) to establish a United States The PRESIDENT pro tempOre. Will the Senate agree to the court and recording district at the town of Okemah, Ind. T. ; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee resolutions? · on Indian Affairs. · The resolutions were unanimously agreed to. Mr. CLAY (by request) introduced a bill (S. 6936) estab lishing a United States court and recording district at Dun Mr. LODGE. Mr. President,· duty and desire alike command can, Ind. T., and conforming other districts therewith; which that I should speak of l\Ir. ·HoAR, to whose memory we conge.. was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on crate this day, as .a distinguished statesman, an historic figure, Indian Affairs. and a representative man of a remarkable and an eventful .Mr. '.DIETRICH introduced a bill (S. 6937} to aid in the time~ But for me to speak in this place in such fashi<>n is most construction of a railroad and telegraph line from Valdez to difficult. Eagle City, in the district of Alaska, and to secure to the Gov-. Cu.rw leves loquuntur; ingentes stupent. ernment the use of the same for postal, military, and other I trust that the Senate, remembering this, will accord to my purposes; which was read twice by its title, and referred to shortcomings the indulgence which I am only too well aware I the Committee on Territories. shall greatly need. Mr. McCUMBER intwduced a bill ('S. 6938) granting an in Men distinguished above their fellows, who have won a place crease of pension to Patrick W. Kennedy; whieh was read in history, may be of interest and importance to posterity as in twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. dividuals or as representatives of their time, or in both capaci .l\1r. BEVERIDGE introduced a bill (S. 6939) granting an ties. Hobbes and Descartes, for instance, are chiefly if not increa e of pension to John Coburn; which was read twice by wholly: interesting for what they themselves were and for- their its title, and, with the accompanying paper, referred to the contributions to human thought whieh might conceivably have Committee on Pensions. been made· at any epoch. On the other hand, Pepys and St A 1ENDMENTS TO INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL. Simon, substantially contemporary 'vith the two philosophers, Mr. COCKRELL submitted an amendment providing for the are primarily of interest and importance as representative men, adjullication by the Court of Claims of the claim of Charles embodiments and exponents of the life and thought of their F. Winton and his associates for services rendered to the Mis time. Benjamin Franklin, to take a later example, was not only sissippi Choctaws, and so forth, intended to be proposed by deeply interesting as an individual, but he seemed to embody in· him to the Indian appropriation bill ; which was referred to himself· the tendencies of thought and the entire meaning and the Committee on Indian Affairs, and ordered to be printed. attitude of the eighteenth century in its broadest significance. 1\Ir. LONG submitted an amendment proposing to appropriate Mr. HoAR belongs to the class which is illustrated in such a $155,976.88 for payment to the Kansas or Kaw Indians in set hi:gh ·degree by Franklin, for he has won and will hold his place tlement of their claims against the United States, as established in history no.t only by what he was and what he did, but be by the award of the Kaw Commission, under the provisions of cause he was a very representative man in a period fruitful in the act of Congre-ss of July 1, 1902, and so forth, intended to be great events and conspicuous for the. consolidation of the United proposed by him to the Indian appropriation bill ; which was: re States-the greatest single. fact of the last century~ measured by ferred to the Committee on Indian Affairs, and ordered to be its political and economic e:trect upon the fortunes of mankind printed. and upon the history of the world. He also submitted an amendment directing the Secretary of To appreciate properly and understand intelligently any man the Interior to place upon the rolls of the Seminole tribe of In who has made.substantial achievement in art or letters, in phi dians the names of all Seminole children who have not hereto losophy or science, in war or politics, and who has also lived to fore received allotments and cause to be allotted to eaeh of the full the life. of his time, we must turn first to those condi such children from the surplus lands of said ·tribe an amount tions over which he himself had no control. In his· inheritances, equal to the allotments heretofore made to other Seminoles, in the time and place of birth, in the influences and the atmos and so forth intended to be proposed by him to the Indian ap phere of childhood and youth we can often find the key to the propriation bill; which was referred to the Committee on In mystery whieb every human existenee presents and obtain a dian Affairs, and order~ to be printed. larg-er explanatien of the meaning of the character and career before us than the man's own life and deeds will disclo.se. MEAT SUPPLY FOR ARMY IN THE :PHILIPPINES. This Js especially true of Mr. Ho,AR, for his race and descent, Mr. PROCTOR submitted the following resolution; which was his time and place of birth are full of significance if we would considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to : · rightly understand one who was at once a remarkabl~ and a R ~lv.ed, That the Secretary of War be- directed to inform the Senate highly representative man. He came of a purely English stock. as near as may be, what amount of fresh meats have been furniShed fo~ the use of the army in the Philippine Islan-ds during the years 1903 His: family in England were people of consideration and sub· and 1904; the source of said supply, the cost thereof, and If any reason stance, possessing both education and est:tolished position before exists why such supplies of meats should not be drawn from tlle United America. was discovered. Belonging in the seventeenth century States. to. that class of prosperous merchants and tradesmen, of country :PRINTING FOR COMMITTEE ON INDIAN AFF.A.IBS. gentlemen and farmers which gave to England Cromwell and 1\Ir. STEWART submitted the following resolution; which was Hampden, Eliot and Pym, they we1·e Puritans in religion and referred to the Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent in politics supporters of the Parliamer..t ~.nd opponents of the Expenses. of the Senate : King. Charles Hoar, sheriff of Glouceste.r and enrolled in the R esoJved, That the Committee on Indian A1fa.lrs be, and it is hereby given leave to have printed hearings held by the committee and such record of the city government as " Generosus " or " gentleman " other printing as may be requlred tor the transaction of business be!ore ilied in 1638 Two years later bis widow. Joanna Hoar, with said comlllittee., . five ot her children, emigrated to New En.g.land. Qoo of the sons, 1504 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. JANUARY 28,
Leonard Hoar, chosen by his father to go to Oxford and So parente~ and so descended, Mr. HoAR inhe1·ited certain t.ecome a minister, entered Harvard College, then just founded, deep-rooted conceptions of duty, of character, and of the con ~nd graduated there in 1650. He soon after returned to duct of life which were as much a part of his being as the color England, where he was presented to a living under the Pro of his eyes or the shape of his hand. Where and when was he tE:.ctorate. He married Bridget, the daughter of John Lisle, born to this noble heritage? We must ask and answer this1 commonly called Lord Lisle, one of the regicides assassi question, for there is a world of suggestion in the place and nated later at Lausanne, where he had tn.ken refuge, by royal time of a man's birth when that man has come to have a mean· ~missaries after the King had come to his own again. John ing and an importance to his own generation as well as to those Lisle's wife, the Lady Alicia, died on the scaffold in 1685, the which succeed it in the slow procession of the years. most famous and pathetic victim in the tragedy of Jeffreys' Concord, proclaimed by Webster as one of the glories of "Bloody .Assize." Her son-in-law, Leonard Hoar, ejected from Massachusetts which no untoward fate could wrest from her, his living under the .Act of Uniformity, studied medicine, and was the place of his birth. About the quiet villnge were gath returning to New England ten years later became in 1672 presi ered all the austere traditions of the colonial time. It had wit dent of Harvard College and died in 1675. nessed the hardships of the early settlers, it had shared and Senator HoAR was descended from an elder brother of the shuddered in the horrors of Indian wars, it had seen the slow president of Harvard, John Hoar, evidently a man of as strong and patient conquest of the wilderness. There within its bound character and marked abilities as the rest of his family. The aries had blazed high a great event; catching the eyes of a care old records contain more th one account of his cla.shings less world which little dreamed how far the fire then lighted with the intolerant and vigorous theocracy which governed would spread. Along its m·ain road, overarched by elms, the Massachusetts, and of the fines and imprisonments which he soldiers of England marched that pleasant April morning. 'rhere endured; but he never seems _either to have lost the respect of is the bridge where the farmers returned the British fire and the community or to have checked his speech. We get a bright advanced. There is the tomb of the two British soldiers who glimpse of him in 1690, when Sewall says in his diary on No fell in the skirmish, and whose grave marks the spot where the vember 8 of that year : power of -England on the North American Continent first begcm Jno. Hoar comes into the lobby and sais he comes from the Lord, to ebb. Truly there is no need of shaftC3 of stone or statues of by the ·Lord, to speak tor the Lord ; complains that sins as bad as bronze, for the whole place is a monument to the deeds which Sodom's found here. there were done. The very atmosphere is redolent of great In every generation following we find men of the same memories ; the gentle ripple of the placid river, the low voice marked character who were graduates of Harvard, actiye citi of the wind among the trees, all murmur the story of patriot· zens, successful in their callings, taking a full share of public ism and teach devotion to. the nation, which, from "the bridge duties and in the life of their times. Senator HoAR's great that arched the flood," set forth upon it"' onward march. . 1 grandfather, who had sened in the old French war, aud his And then just as Mr. HoAR began to know his birthplace the grandfather were both in the fight at Concord Bridge. His town entered upon a new phase which was to give it a place in father, Samuel Hoar, was one of the most distinguished lawyers literature and in the development of modern thought as_eQiin_ent in Massachusetts. He served in both branches of the State leg as that which it had already gained in the history of the coun islature, and was a Member of Congress. Honored throughout try. Emerson made Concord his home in 1835, Hawthorne the State, his most conspicuous action was his journey to came there to live seven years later, and Thoreau, a native of Charleston to defend certain negro sailors, and from that city, the town, was growing to manhood in those same years. To :M:r. where his life was in danger, he was expelled because he desired HoAR's inheritance of public service, of devotion to duty, and of to give his legal services to protect men of another and an lofty ideals of conduct, to the family influences which sur enslaved race. rounded him and which all pointed to work and achievement as On his mother's side Senator HoAR was a descendant of the the purpose and rewards of life, were added those of the place John Sherman who landed in Massachusetts in 1630 and be where he lived, the famous little town which drew from the came the progenitor of a family which has been extraordinarily past lessons of pride and love of country and offered in the pres· prolific in men of high ability and distinction. In the century ent examples of lives given to literature and philosophy, to the just closed this family ga-ve to the country and to history study of nature, and to the hopes and destiny of man here and one of our most brilliant soldiers, one of our most eminent hereafter. . · - statesmen and financiers, and through the female line the Thus highly gifted in his ancestry, in his family, and in his great lawyer and orator, Mr. Evarts, and E. Rockwood Hoar, traditions, as well as in the place and the community in which distinguished alike as judge, as Member of Congress, and as he was to pass the formative years of boyhood and youth, l\1r. Attorney-General of the United States. In the eighteenth cen HOAR was equally fortunate in the time of his birth, which often tury we owe to the same blood and name one of the most con means so much in the making of a character and career. He spicuous of the great men who made the Revolution and was born on the 29th of August, 1826. Superficially it was one founded the United States, Roger Sherman, signer of the of the most uninteresting periods in the history of western Declaration of Independence, signer of the articles of Confed civilization; dominated in Europe by small men, mean in its eration, signer of the Constitution, first Senator from Con hopes, low in its ambitions. But beneath the surface vast forces necticut, and grandfather of Mr. HoAR, as he was also of Mr. were germinating and gathering, which in their development Evarts. I have touched upon this genealogy more, perhaps, were to affect profoundly both Europe and America. than is usual upon such o~asions, not .. only because it is The great movement which, beginning with the revolt of the remarkable, but because it seems to me full of light and mean American colonies, had wrought the French Revolution, con ing in connection with those who, in the years just past, had vulsed Europe, and made Napoleon possible, had spent itself the right to claim it for their own. We see these people, and sunk into exhaustion at Waterloo. The reaction reigned when American history begins, identified with the cause of supreme. It was the age of the Metternichs and Castlereaghs, constitutional freedom and engaged in resistance to what they of the Eldons and Liverpools, of Spanish and Neapolitan Bour deemed tyranny in church and state. They became exiles for bons. With a stupidity equaled only by their confidence and their faith, and the blood of the victims of Stuart revenge is insensibility these men and others like them sought to e tab sprinkled on their garments. They venture their lives again lish again the old tyrannies and believed that they could restore at the outbreak of our own Revolution. They take a con a dead system and revive a vanished society. They utterly tinuous part in public affairs. They feel it to be their busi failed to grasp thEt fact that where the red-hot plowshares of ness to help the desolate and oppressed, from John Hoar the lJ~rench Revolution had passed the old crops could never sheltering and succoring the Christian Indians, in the dark flourish ag-ain. The White Terror swept over France, and a and bloody days of King Philip's war, to Samuel Hoar, ·going little later the Due Decazes, the only man who understood the forth into the midst of a bitterly hostile community to defend situation, was driven from power because he tried to establish the helpless negroes. The tradition of sound learning, ·the the conditions upon which alone the Bourbon monarchy could profound belief in the highest education, illustrated by Leonard hope ·to survive. The Holy Alliance was formed to uphold Hoar in the seventeenth century, are never lost or weakened autocracy and crush out the aspirations of any people who sought in the succeeding generations. Through all their history runs to obtain the simplest rights and the most moderate freedom. unchanged the deep sense of public responsibility, of patriotism, To us Webster's denunciation of the Holy Alliance sounds like and of devotion to high ideals of conduct. The stage upon an academic exercise, designed simply to display the orator's" which they played their several parts might be large or small, power, but to the men of that day it had a most real and immedi but the light which guided them was always the same. They ate meaning. '.fhe quiet which Russia and Austria called peace were Puritans of the Puritans. As the centuries passed, the reigned over much wider regions than Warsaw. England cringed Puritan was modified in many ways, but the elemental quali and burned incense before the bewigged and padded effigy known' ties of the powerful men who had crushed crown and -mitre as " George the Fourth." · France did the bidding of the -dullest in a common ruin, altered the course of English history, and and most unforgetting of tne Bourbons. Anyone who ventured founded a new state in a new world, remained unchanged. to criticise any existing arrangement was held up to scorn and 1905. OONGRESSION.AL RECORD-SENAT-E. 1505
l:iatred as an enemy of society, driven into exile like Byron and agination of men. Literature was uplifting itself to successes Shelley,. or cast into prison like Leigh Hunt. never yet reached in the New World. It was the period of Poe · But the great forces which had caused both the American and Hawthorne, of Longfellow and Lowell, of Holmes and Whit and French revolutions were not dead. They were only gather tier. Bancroft and Prescott were already at work i Motley was ing strength for a renewed movement and the first voices of au beginning his career with romantic noyels. And then behind all thority which broke the _deadly quiet came from England and this literature, all these social experiments, all these efforts to the United States. When the Holy Alliance stretched out its pierce the mystery of man's existence, was slowly rising the hand to thrust back the Spanish colonies into bondage Canning agitation against slavery, a dread reality destined to take pos- declar·ed that he would call Jn the "New World to redress the session of the counh·y's history. _ balance of the Old," and Monroe announced that in that New These influences, thee voices were everywhere when Mr. World there should be no further European colonization and no HoAR, a vigc;>rous, clever, thoughtful boy of sixteen, left his extension of the monarchical principle. Greece rose against the school at Concord and entered Harvard College in 1842. Brook Turks, and lovers of liberty everywhere went to her aid, for Farm had been started in the previous year ; the next was to even the Holy Alliance did not dare to make the Sultan a part witness Miller's millennium ; he was half way through college ner in a combination which professed to be the defender of when Joseph Smith was killed at Nauvoo. In his third year Christianity as well as of despotic government. the long battle which John Quincy Adams had waged for nearly When Mr. HoAR was born the Greek revolution was afoot, a decade in behalf of the right of petition and against the slave the first stirrings of the oppressed and divided nationalities had power, and which had stirred to its depths the conscience of . begun, the liberal movement was again lifting its head and pre New England, culminated in the old man's famous victory by paring to confront the intrenched, uncompromising forces of the the repeal of the " gag rule." reaction. When he was four years old Concord heard of the As .Mr. HoAR drew to manhood the air was full of revolt and fighting in the Paris streets during the three days of July and questioning in thought, in literature, in religion, in society, and of the fall of the Bourbon monarchy. When he was six years in politics.· The dominant note was faith in humanity and in old the passage _of the reform bill brought to England a peaceful the perfectibility of man. Break up impeding, stifling customs, revolution instead of one in arms, and crumbled into dust the strike down ve.sted abuses, set men free to think, to write, to system of Castlereagh and Liverpool and Wellington. work, to vote as they chose and all would be well. To .Mr. HoAR, · The change and movement thus manifested were not confined with his· strong inheritances, with the powerful influences of his to politics. As Mr. HoAR went back and forth to school in ·the family and ·home, the spirit of the time came with an irresisti Concord Academy the new forces were spreading into every ble appeal. It was impossible to him to be deaf to its voice or field of thought and action. Revolt against conventions in art to shut his ears to the poignant cry against oppression which nnd literature and against existing arrangements of society was sowided through the world of Europe and America :with a fer as ardent as that against political oppression, while creeds and vor and pathos felt only in the great moments of human history. llogmas were called in question as unsparingly as the right of But he was the ·child of the Pul'itans. Their elemental quali the few to govern the many. In England one vested abuse·after ties were in his blood and the Puritans joined to the highest 1mother was swept away by the Reform Parliament. It was idealism the pr"actical attributes which had made them in the uiscovered that Shelley and Byron, the outlaws of twenty years days of their glory the greatest soldiers and statesmen in Eu ;before, were among the greatest of England's poets. Dickens rope. ·Macaulay, in a well-known ·passage, says of Cromwell's 'startled the world and won thousands of readers by bringing soldiers that- ~to his novels whole Classes of human beings unknown to polite They moved to victory with the precision of machines, while burn liction since the days of Fielding and by plunging into .the sh·eets ing with the wildest fanaticism of Crusaders. :Of London: to find among the poor, the downh·odden, and the 1\fr. HoAR by nature, by inheritance, by every influence of <:rimiil.al characters, which he made immortal. Carlyle was cry time and place, an idealist, had also the strong good sense, the ing out against venerated shams in his fierce satire on the practical shrewdness, and the reverence for law and prncedent •Philosophy of Clothes. Macaulay was vindicating the men of which were likewise part of his birthright. He passed through 1the great rebellion to a generation which had been brought up college with distinction, went to his brother's office for a year• . to believe that the Puritans were little better than cutthroats, to the Harvard Law School, and thence, in 1849,• to Worcester, and Oliver Cromwell a common military usurper. The English where he cast in his fortune with the young and growing city establishment was shaken by the Oxford movement, which which ever after was to be his home. But his personal fortunes carried Newman to Rome, drove others to the extreme of scepti did not absorb him. He looked out on the world about him with cism, and breathed life into the torpid church, sending its an eager gaze. As he said in his old age, ministers out into the world of men as missionaries and social Bliss was It in that dawn to be alive. 1·eformers. The profound conviction that every man had a public duty. In France, after ·the days of July, the romantic movement was strong within him. The spirit of the time was on him. took full possession of literature and the Shakespeare whom H~ would fain do his share. When the .liberal movement cul Voltaire rejected became to th.e new school the head of the minated in Europe in 1848 he was deeply stirred. When, a corner. The sacred Alexandrine of the days of Louis XIV little later, Kossuth came to the United States the impres gave way to varied measures which found their inspiration in sion then made upon him by the cause and the eloquence of the the poets of the Renaissance. The plays of Hugo and Dumas great Hungarian sank into his heart and was never effaced. drove the classical drama from the stage; the verse of De Mus He, too, meant to do his part, however humble, in the work set, the marvellous novels of Balzac were making a new era in of his· time. He did not content himself with barren sym the literature of France. pathy for the oppressed beyond the seas nor did he give him Italy, alive with conspiracies, was stirring· from one end to self to any of the vague schemes then pre..valent for the regen the other with aspirations for national unity and with resist eration of society. He turned to the question nearest at hand, ance to the tyranny of Neapolitan Bourbons and Austrian Haps to the work of redressing what he believed the wrong and the burgs. Hungary was moving restlessly; Poland was struggling sin of his native land-human slavery. He did not join the vainly with her fetters. Plans, too, for social regeneration were abolitionists, but set himself to fight slavery in the effective filling the minds of men. St. Simon's works had come into manner which finally brought its downfall-by organized politi fashion. It was the age of Fourier and Proudhon, of Bentham and Comte. cal effort within the precincts of the Constitution and the laws. Such were the voices and such the influences which then came Mr. HoAR had been bred a Whig. His first vote in 1841 was for across the Atlantic, very powerful and very impressive to the a Whig governor, and Daniel Webster was the Close friend of his young men of that day, especially to those who were beginning to father and brother. He had been brought up on Webster's reply, reflect highly and seriously upon the meaning of life. And all . to Hayne, and as a college student he had heard him deliver the about them in America the same portents were visible. Every second Bunker Hill oration. In that day the young Whigs of thing was questioned. Men dreamed dreams and saw visions. Massachusetts looked to Webster with an adoring admiration. They- There is a broad, an impassable gulf between the deep and beau Followed him, honored him, tiful thought, the mysticism and the transcendentalism of Emer Lived in his mild and magnificent eye, son and the wild vagaries of Miller and the Second Adventists or Learned his great language, caught his clear accents, the crude vulgarity of Joseph Smith, yet were they all mani Made him their pattern to live and to die. festations of the religious cravings which had succeeded the But the great command of conscience to Mr. HoAR was to re frigid skepticism of the eighteenth century and the dull torpor of sist slavery and the test of his faith was at hand. He was to the period of reaction. So, too, Brook Farm. and the Oneida Com break from the dominant party of the-· State. Webster was to munity were widely different attempts to put into practice some become to him in very truth "The Lost Leader." He was to of the schemes of social regeneration then swarming in the lm- join with those who called the great Senator " Ichabod," and ...____ XXXIX-95 1506 CONGRESSIONAL RECOR:O~~ATE. JANUARY 28, not until he himself was old was be to revert to his YOl1llg ad- wh~ freedom and slavery clinched in a death struggle far out miration of that splendid intellect and that. unrivalled eloquence. in Kansas and the black clouds ot Free Soil party, and gave their support Soile}.". rightly thought was vital to their own success. But Mr. to Van Buren. The result or the .movement nationally was to HQAR, unmoved by the stor.II4 believing in freedom o! conscience defeat the Democrats ip New York,. as the Liberty party had as he believed in political freedom, s.et himself in stern opposl turned the scales against Clay four years before. In Massachu- tion to a party which rested on the principle of discrimination setts the Worcest~ convention marked the appearance of a and ostracism against all men ot a . certain race or of a given group of young men who were to form a new school of states.- creed. No public clamor then or ever was able to sway him men, and who were destined to control Massachusetts and to from those ideals of faith and conduct which were the guiding . play a leading part Jn guiding the fortunes of the nation for stars of his life. forty years to come. The other incident was widely different and. even more charac- . The Federalists, who had formed and organized the Govern- teristic. If there was one thing more hateful to Mr. HoAR than m{mt of the United States and who were essentially construe-- anoth_er in those days- it was the return of runaway slaves to tive statesmen of great power, had followed the men of the the_South by the authorities of Northern States.. Massachusetts Revolution,. and in turn had been succeeded by ~ Whigs. was the soon-e of some of the worst examples of this bad bust Under the lead of Webst~r and Choate, of Everett and Win- ness, and t:b.e-wrath ot the people was deeply stirred. In 1854 a throp, and others "hardly less distinguished, the Whigs con- dep-qty marshal connected with the work of slave catching, ar trolled Massachusetts for a generation. They neyer had seemed rived in Worcester. IDs presence became knp~. and an angry stronger, despite Webster's personal discor.tent, than on the eve mob, utterly uncontrollable by the little police force of the town ~ ot ~~aylor's election. But. it was to be their· last triumph. The gathered. about the hotel. The man. was in imminent danger m~ mostly young, who gathered at Worcester were to displace and stricken with terror. No one loathed a slave catcher more them and themselves take and hold power for nearly forty years. than Mr. HoAR, but the- idealist gave way to the lover of law There at Worcester, with Samuel Hoar, one of the pione~rs of and ordered liberty. Mr~ HoAR went out and addressed the earlier days, presiding, were assembled the men of the future. crowd, then gave his arm to the terrified man, walked with him Charles Sumner, Charles Francis Adams, Henry Wilson, E. R. down the street, surrounded by a fe-w friends, and so got him to Hoar, Charles Allen, aru1 Richard H. Dana spoke to the conven- the station and out of the town, bruised by blows but alive and in tion, while.Palfrey the historian,. John A. Andrew; then a young, safety. . unknown lawyer, and Anson Burlingame, although not present, So the years of that memorable .time went by. Mr. BoAB joined with and suppor,ted them. These were not only new men, work~ diligently in his profession,. rising to the front rank ot buttheyrepresented a new political school. TheWhlgs~inheriting the bar and laboring in season and out of season in support ot tile Federalist doctrines .of liberal construction~ were essentially the Republican party and of the Administl'ation of Lincoln when an economic- party, devoted to the industrial and :p1aterial devel- the civil war-came. He had neither thought nor desire fo~ pub opment of the country. The men who supplanted them were lie- life or public- ofiice. He wished to succeed in his profession, primarily and above all human-rights statesmen, as befitted the to live quietly' at home among his books, and he eherished the time. To them the rights of humanity came first and .all eco- modest ambition of one day becoming a judge ot the supreme nomic questions secon~. With these men and with· this sch~ol court ot the State. But it was ordered otherwise. In 1868 Mr. Mr. HoAR united himself heart and soult swaye"- by the sternest HoAR went to Europe, worn out by hard work at his profession. and strongest convictions, for which no sacrifice- was too great, There were at the moment. many candidates for the nomination no labors too .bard. He was perhaps the youngest of the men for Congress in the Worcester- district, and most of them were destined to high distinction who met in Worceste~ in 1848; he strong and ahle men. In this condition of affairs Mr. . HoAR was certainly the. last great survivor of this remarkable group consented to let some of his friends bring his name forward,. in the largest-fields. of national statesmans.hip. and then took his departure for Europe. Travel and rest Thus was the beginning made. The next step was an unex.- brought back .his health and he re-turned home eager for his I>ected one. There was a Free Soil meeting in Worcester profession, regretting that he had allowed his name to be sug in 1850-. Charles. Allen, who was to speak, was late, and gested as that of a candidate for any position, only to find him a cry went up from the impatie:g.t audience of " HoAR! " self nom.iruited for Congress .on the first ballot taken in the con " Ho.A.B!" Neither father nor brother was present, so Mr. . HoAR vention. So his life in Washington began, with no desire or took the platform, and speaking from the fullness of his heart expectation o_n his part of a service of more than one or two and with the fervor of his cans~ won a success which put terms. At the end of his second term he announced his inten bim in demand for meetings throughout the · county. The tion of withdrawing and was persuaded to reconsider it. The following year· be. was made chairman of the Fz,:ee Soil county fourth time be was obliged again to withdraw a refusal to run committee, proved himself a ·most efiicient organizer, and because it was a year of peril to. the party. The next· time- the carried all but ·six of the fifty-two towns in the county. Then, refusal was final and his.... successor was nominated and elected. greatly to his surprise, be was nominated for the legislature. His. eight years in the House were crowded with work. He He accepted ~ was elected, became. the leader o( the Free Soilers began with a very modest estimate of his own capacities. but in the House, and dis.tihguished himself there by· his advocacy his power of eloquent speech and his knowledge and ability as of the factory acts limiting the hours of labor, in which a lawyer soon brought him forward. When S. S. Cox sneered Massachusetts was the pioneer~ He retired at the end of the at him one day, saying. ... Massachusetts had n()t sent her Hector year for which he had been chosen. In 1857 he was nominated, to the field," and Mr. HoAR replied that there was no need to again unex:J.)ectedly, to the State senate, was elected. served _send Hector·to meet Thersites, the House recognized a quick and one year with marked distinction, an~ then retired, as he nad biting wit, of which it was well to beware. trom the Holise. He had,. indeed, no desire for office. On com- When Mr. HOAB entered the House Cougress was engaged in ing to Worcester he had been offered a paitnership by Emory completing the work which by the war and the emancipation .Washburn, soon after governor of the State, and later a pro- of the slaves had marked the triumph of that mighty strug fessor in the Harvard Law School. This connection brought gle for human freedom to which he had given his youth and him at once into one of the largest practices in the county, early manhood. He was the-refore absorbed in the- questions and his partner's election to the governorship, which soon fol- raised by the reconstruction policy~ which involved the future lowed, gave him entire responsibility fQr the business of the of the race he had hoped to free, and he labored especially in firm. He was ·not only very busy, but be was devoted to the interests of that race for the establishment of national edu his profession, for he possessed legal abilities of the highest cation~ which,. after years o.f effort eo~tantly renewed, ulti order. Yet he was nev~r to.o busy to give his services freely mately failed of accomplishment. But the civil war. besides to the great cause of human rights, whicb be bad so much at its great triumphs of a Union preserved and a race set free,. heart. He Iahored unceasingly in his resistance to slavery had le'ft also the ine-vitable- legacy ot such convulsions, great and in building up the Republican party, which dnr:ing that social and political demoralization in all parts of the co1m:try time was fast rising into power, both in State and nation. and in all phases of public and private life. Politi~al patron- It is impossible to follow him through those eventful years age ran r'iot among the offices and made Mr. HoAR one of the 1905. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--SENATE. 1507
most ardent, as be was one of the earliest and most effective, tences marshaled themselves in stately sequence, and the ideallsm of civil-service reformers. Unhappily, however, the poison which was the dominant note of his life was beard sounding of the time penetrated much higher in the body politic than clear and strong above and beyond all pleas of interest or the small routine offices so sorely misused under the " spoils expediency. system." It was an era when Cabinet officers and party lead So ·we come back to the light which shone upon his early ers were touched and smirched and when one Congressional years and which never failed him to tile last. Mr. HoAB was investigation followed bard upon another. Mr. HoAR's keen born in ·the period of revolt. He joined the human-rights states ness as a lawyer, his power as a cross-examiner, and his fear men of that remarkable time. He shared in their labors ; be less and indignant honesty caused the House to turn to him saw the once unpopular cause rise up victorious through the for tbis work of punishment and purification, wpich was as stress and storm of battle; be beheld the visions of his youth painful as it was necessary. He was a member of the com change into realities and his country emerge triumphant from mittee to investigate the Freedmen's Bureau, and took part in the awful ordeal of civil war. He came into public life in sea the report which exonerated General Howard. He was one son to join .in completing the work of the men who bad given of the House managers in the Belknap trial and the leading themselves up to the destruction of slavery and the preservation member of the committee which investigated the Union Pacific of the Union. But even then the mighty emotions of those terri Railroad and the scandals of the Credit Mobilier. bl.e years were beginning to subside. The seas which had been But his greatest and most distinguished service came to him running mountain high were going down, the tempestuous winds just as his career in the House was drawing to a close. The de before which the ship of state had driven for long years were moralization of the war, the working out of reconstruction, the dropping and bid fair to come out from another quarter. The abnormal conditions which war and reconstruction together llad country was passing into a new political period. Questions in produced, culminated in 1876 in a disputed Presidential election. volving the rights of men and the wrongs of humanity gave place Into the events of that agitated winter it is needless and impos throughout the world of western civilization to tho~e of trade sible · to enter. The situation was in the highest degree peril and commerce, of tariffs and currency and finance. The world ous and everyone recognized that a grave crisis had arisen in returned to a period when the issues were economic, industrial, the history of the Republic. Finally an electoral tribtmal and commercial, and when the vast organizations of capital and was established which settled the controversy and removed labor opened. up a new series of problems. In the United States, the danger. Upon that tribunal Mr. HoAR was placed by a as the issues of the war faded into the distance and material Democratic Speaker as one of the representatives of the House, prosperity was carried to heights undreamed of before, the nation and this appointment alone was sufficient to fix his place as turned inevitably from the completed conquest of its own conti one of the political leaders of the country. With this great nent to expansion beyond its borders, and to the assertion of a and responsible task accomplished, .his career in the House control and authority which were its due among the great drew to a close. Yet even while be was thus engaged a new powers of the earth. Many years before Mr. HoAR's death the and larger service came to him by his election to the Sen change was complete, and he found himself a leader in the midst ate. He ·was then, as when be entered the House, without of a generation whose interests and whose conceptions differed desire for public office. He still longed to return to his library widely from those to which his own life bad been devoted. He and his profession and allow the pleasures and honors as well took up the. new questions with the same zeal and the same as the trials of public life to pass by. But again it was not to power which be had brought to the old. He made himself be. There was at that time a strong and deep-rooted opposition master of the tariff, aided thereto by his love of the great to the dominance of General Butler in the politics of Massachu industrial community which be bad seen grow up about him setts, and this opposition, determined to have a Senator in full at Worcester, and whose success be attributed to the policy of sympathy with them, took up Mr. HoAR as their candidate and, protection. In the same way he studied, reflected upon, and dis without effort or even desire on his part, elected him. cussed problems of banking and currency and the conflict of So he passed from the House to the Senate. He entered the standards. But at bottom all these questions were alien to him. Senate a leader, and a leader he remained to the end, ever However thoroughly he mastered them, however ·wisely he dealt growing in strength and influence, ever filling a larger place, with them, they never touched his heart. His inheritance of until be was recognized everywhere as one of the first of Ameri sound sense, of practical intelligence, of reverence for precedent, can statesmen, until his words were listened to by all his coun rendered it easy for him to appreciate and understand the value trymen, until there gatliered about him the warm light of history and importance of matters involving industrial prosperity ·and and men saw when he rose in debate- the growth of trade ; but the underlying idealism made these questions at the same time seem wholly inferior to the nobler The past of the nation in battle there. aspirations upon which his youth was nurtured. An idealist be Neither time nor the occasion permits me to trace in fitting de was born, and so be lived and died. Neither scepticism nor ex tail that long and fine career in the Senate. Mr. HoAR was a perience could chill the hopes or dim the visions of his young great Senator. He brought to his service an intense patriotism, manhood. He was imbued with the profound and beautiful ·a trained intellect, wide learning, a profound knowledge of law and faith in humanity characteristic of that earlier time. He lived history, an unsullied character, and noble abilities. All these gifts to find himself in an atmosphere where this faith was invaded he expended without measure or stint in his country's service. His by doubt and questioning. industry was extraordinary and unceasing. Whatever be spared How much that great movement, driven forward by faith in in life, be never spared himself in the performance of his public humanity and hope for its future, to which Mr. HoAR gave all duty. The laws settling the Presidential succession, providing that was best of his youth and manhood, accomplished, it is not for the count of the electoral vote, for the final repeal of the easy to estimate. It is enough to say that the results were vast tenure-of-office act, for a uniform system of bankruptcy, are in their beneficence. But the wrongs and burdens which it among the more conspicuous monuments of his industry and swept away were known by the sharp experience of actual suf energy and of his power as a constructive lawmaker and states fering only to the generations which had endured them. The man. Nor did his activity cease with the work of the Senate. succeeding generation bad never felt the hardships and oppres He took a large part in public discussion in every political cam sions which bad perished, but were keenly alive to all the evils paign and in the politics of his own State. He was a delegate which survived. Hence the inevitable tendency to doubt the to four national conventions, a leading figure in all, and in 1880 worth of any great movement which bas come, done its work, and be presided at Chicago with extraordinary power, tact, and gone, asserted itself; for there are no social or political pana success over the stormiest convention, with a single exception,· ceas, although mankind never ceases to look for them and expect known to our history. them. To a period of enthusiasm, aspiration, and faith, result In the Senate be was a great debater, quick in retort, with ing in great changes and in great benefits to humanity, a period all the resources of his mind always at llis command. Although of scepticism and reaction almost always succeeds. The work he had no marked gifts of presence, voice, or delivery, he was goes on, what bas been accomplished is made sure, much good is none the less a master of brilliant and powerful speech. His style done, but the spirit of the age alters. was noble and dignified, with a touch of the stateliness of the The new generation inclined to the view of science and eighteenth century, rich in imagery and allusion, full of the apt history that there were ineradicable differences between the quotations which an unerring taste, an iron memory, and the races of men. They questioned the theory that opportunity widest reading combined to furnish. When be was rous€d, when was equivalent to capacity; ~ they refused to believe that a his imagination was fired, his feelings engaged, or his indigna people totally ignorant or to whom freedom and self-govern tion awakened, be was capable of a passionate eloquence which ment were unknown could carry on successfully the complex touched every chord of emotion and left no one who listened to machinery of constitutional and representative govm:nment him unmoved. At these moments, whether be spoke on the floor which it bad cost . the English-speaking peoples centuries of of the Senate, in the presence of a great popular audience, or in effort and training to bring forth. To expect this seemed to the intimacy of private conversation, the words glowed, the sen- the new time as unreasonable as to believe that an Ashantee 1508 'CONGRESSIONAL -RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY 28,
could regulate a 'vatch because it was given to him or an temperament or the thorough-going idealist~ unless it is bal Arruwhimi dwarf run a locomotive to anything but wreck anced and controlled, as it was with Mr. HoAR, by sound because the lever was placed in his hands. Tbrough all these sense and by an appreciation of the relation which the idealist shifting phases of thought and feeling Mr. HoAR remained and his ideals bear to the universe at large. It was said of a unchanged, a man of '48, his ideals unaltered, his . faith. in the brilliant contemporary of Mr. BoAR, like him an idealist, quick perfectibility of humanity ttnshaken, his hopes for the· that "if he had lived in the Middle Ages, he would have world of men still glowing with the warmth and light of gone to the stake for a principle under a misapprehension as eager youth. And when all is said, when science and scep to the facts."- Mr. HoAR would have gone to the stake so ticism and experience have spoken their last word, the ideals cially, politically, and physically rather than yield certain pro so cherished by him still stand as noble and inspiring as the found beliefs. But if he had made this last great sacrifice, faith upon which they rested was beautiful and complete. he would have known just what he was doing and would have The man who steered his course by stars like these could been under no misapprehension as to the facts. never lose his reckoning or be at variance with the eternal ~oyalty to his ideals, moreover, was not his only loyalty. He yerities which alone can lift us from the earth. His own was by nature a partisan; he could not hold faiths or take e:xperience, moreover, although mingled with disappointments, sides lightly or indifferently. He loved the great party he had as is the common fate of man, could but confirm his faith and helped to found in that strongest of all ways, with an open-eyed hope. He had dreamed dreams and seen visions in his youth, and not a blind affection. Be more than once differed from his but he had beheld those dreams turn to reality and those party ; he some~es opposed it on particular measures ; he visions come true in a manner rarely vouchsafed. He had once, at least, parted with it on a great national issue; but he seen the slave freed and the Union saved. He had shared never would leave it; he never faltered in its support. He with his countrymen in their marvelous onward march to believed that two great parties were essential bulwarks of prosperity. and power. He had seen rise up from the revolt responsible representative government. He felt that a man of 1848 a free and united Italy, a united Gerniany, a French c-ould do far more and far better by remaining in his party. even Republic, a free Hungary. He would have been a cynic and if he thought it wrong in some one particular, than by going a sceptic indeed if be had wavered in his early faith. And outside and becoming a mere snarling critic. No man respected so his ideals and the triumphs they had won made him and cherished genuine independence more than he and no man full of confidence· and courage, even to the end. He, too, more heartily despised those who gave to hatred, malice, and could say: all uncharitableness the honored name of independence. Noth I find earth not gray, . but rosy; ing could tear him from the great organization he had helped Heaven not grim. but fair of hue. and labored to build up. If anyone had ever tried to tlrive him Do I stoop? I pluck a posy. out, he would have spoken to Republicans as Webster did to Do I stand and stare? All's blue. the Whigs in 1842 at Faneuil Hall, when he said : This splendid optimism, this lofty faith in his country, tltis I am a · Whig; I always have been a Whig, and I always will be belief in humanity never failed. '!'hey were with him in his boy one; and i! there are any who would turn me out of the pale of tha.t hood; they were still with him, radiant and vital, in the days communion, let them see who will get out first. when .he lay dying in Worcester. It was all part of his philos ophy of life, knit in the fibers of his being and pervading his Mr. HoAR's high ideals and un. werving loyalty were not con most sacred beliefs. To him the man who could not recognize fined to public life and public duty. He wns not of those who the limitations of life on earth was as complete a failure as the rai e lofty standards in the eyes of the world and then lower man who, knowing the limitations, sat down content among and forget them in the privacy of domestic life and in the beaten them. To hiin the man who knew the Umitations but ever strove way of friendship. He was brought up in days when "plain toward the perfection he could not reach was the victorious living and high thinking" was not the mere phrase which it soul, the true servant of God. As Browning wrote in his old has since become, but a real belief, and to that belief he always age, he, too, might have said that he was- adhered. He cast away a large income and all hope of wealth for the sake of the public service. Be had no faculty for sav:. One who never turned his back, but marched breast forward, Never doubted clouds would break, ing money and no desire to attempt it. If he made a large fee Nev~r dreamed, though right were worsted, wrong would triumph, in an occasional case, if his pen brought him a handsome re Held we fall to rise, are baffied to fight better, . ward, it all went in books or pictures, in the hospit~ty he loved Sleep to wake. to exercise, and in the most private charities, always far beyond He had an unusually fortunate and happy life. He was for his means. He once said that he had been more than thirty tunate in the knowledge of great work done, happy in never years in public life and all he had accumulated was a few books." knowing idleness or the distress of wondering painfully how to But there was no bitterness, no repining in the words. Be re pass away the short time allowed to us here or the miserable spected ricbes wisely used for the public good, but he was as craving for constant excitement so marked at the present mo free from vulgar admiration as he was from the equally vulgar ment. His yacations were filled as were his working hours. hatred of wealth. He was, in a word, simply indifferent to the He traveled wisely and well and the Old World spoke to him as possession of money-a fine attitude, never more worthy of con she only does to those who know her history. He was a lover sideration and respect than in these very days. of nature. He rejoiced in the beauties of hill and stream and His love for .his native· land was an intense and mastering forest, of sea and sky, and delighted to watch the flight of the emotion. His country rose before his imagination like some eagle or listen to the note of the song birds in whose name he goddess of the infant world, the light of hope shining in her wrote the charming petition which brought them the protection luminous eyes, . a sweet smile upon her lips, the sword of justice of the law in Massachusetts. in her fearless hand, her broad shield stretched out to shelter He was a scholar in the wide, generous, unspecialized the desolate and oppressed. Before that gracious .vision he sense of an older and more leisurely age than this. His bowed his head in homage. His family and friends-Massachu Greek and Latin went with him through life and the great setts, Concord, Harvard College, Worcester-he loved and served poets and dramatists and historians of antiquity were his them all with a passion_of affection in which there was no shadow familiar friends. His knowledge of English literature was of turning. His pride·in the Senate, in its history and its power, extraordinary, as extensive as it was minute and curious. His and his affection for it were only excelled by his jealous cm·e books were his companions, an unfailing resource, a pleasure for its dignity and its prerogatives. Be might at times criticise never exhausted. To him history had unrolled her ample its actions, but he would permit no one else to do so or to re page, and as antiquarian and collector he had all the joys flect in his presence upon what he regarded as the greatest which come from research and from the gradual acquisition legislative body ever devised by man, wherein the ambassadors .of those treasures which appeal to the literary, the historic, of sovereign States met together to guard and to advance the or the artistic sense. fortunes of the Republic. Beneath a manner sometimes cold, Any man of well-balanced mind who 1s wedded to high sometimes absent-minde
CONGRESSIONAL-RECORD-SENATE. 15]1
Ri8l writings are ple&Sing and ·interesting-." His speaking was l'roxa.ti6D andi good feirowshfp there- was going on withfu him foreiblia", earnest, and instructive While :Mr. HoAR may nut be· that mysterious thing whicb we sometimes call " unconscious considered an orator in the popul:ar use of that wc.mr, yet many cerebration;'-' that his mind was ever at work solving tha cxf his, speeches;, such as' those delivered by him at; the centennial weighti~st questions. of the opening Of the great Nnr..thwest, at Marietta, Ohio; tlte · Neither vast J:earnfug, J}(>Wertur intellect, non intense ene1:·gy presentation of the statue of Daniel Webste~ to the· National Art can make a. man really great unless his life is dominated by
Gallery; the two lmndred'. and seventy-fifth anniversary. of the the highest moral Plll'JJOSe, and · lier~ ind'eed1 his nobility of soul • landing OOi the Pilgll'ims. at Plymouth; the bicentennW of Wor- was most apparent_ His' ideals were- lofty. . IDs was· a spirtt cester~ the Belknap impeachment trial,. and many others, will uai life. ruse that word, not in a religious sense, alth()ugh he give him,.· justly, rank as an orator_ He. was: a. trne patriotic was: b'y nature: reUgiou.sy but in its wider mea.rung.. H e lived American, a finn believer in our du.al systems of Go:vernment- - for that which was nobl:e, pure, and uplifting, rather than for Namonal and State. tha.t whieb was. material and self-helping. His one unvarying While in same ·things he was radical and partisan, he was ln thought was to better the world by tire enforcement of tile ri:ght. many things conservative, liberal,. and generous,. a.nd exhibited . We have heard sometimeS' o! men who have tried to· guid-e many genial and attractive characteristics. His long,., eventful, their lives according t() S(}me selected motto. I remember ·to and illustrious career in the many positions o:t honor and trust have heard Senator HoA.B. quote fn a speech in the Senate the held by hlm in. State and nation i erowned witn absolute per- text, •• Whatsoever things are true:, whatsoever things are hon sona.l and official integrity and entitles him to· the rank of one est, whatsoever things are just,. whatsoever things are pure, of the greatest scholars, orators, and statesmen of his: native whatsoever things are· lo-vely, whatsoever things are of good State and ot our great country~ . report, if there be any virt\:lre or it theL"e be an..y praise, thiBk on these things." I thought then that that was· the motto upt>:n Mr. PLATT o.f Connecticut MI:. President. the Reverend which be .ende-avored to fashion his life. Idealist, indeed, he Doeto:rr Edwards,. l}JJeaching · the bmeral sermon of Senatmr was,. and yet aU his great gifts and powers wa-e exer cised to HoAR's maternal gJ"andfather;. Roger Sherman,. of Oorm.ecticut, make his· highest ideals the actualities of human life. Others quoted. as voicing public sorrow, the words of David uttered have been gre.at as lawyers, philosophers, statesmen, and as upon the death of Abner, nKncw ye not that a. great man has such he excelled, but he. w-as greatest of all in his humaruty. fallen this day in Israel?" These words as fittingly describe In the following of his high pm·poses he was inflexible. He the universal sentiment with w.bich the news of Senator Ho.AR'"s sought to know the very right of things, from the advocacy of death was received. which no one could turn or swerve. him. When he had deter- The most eloquent and comprehensive t:eview of" the life, mined in his ·mind that a eerta..in course of action was· right, be character, and services. of GEORGE FRISBJE HoAR: by. the Senator was ready to sm·1·ender friendships,. associations·, and personal from Massachusetts- [Ml:. Lonm:] leaves hut little to be said. comfort in following it. His' convictions were positive. Any His review is com])lete~ his estimate true, his. survey exhaustive. thing once thought out by him was settled,. and his course infie:x;. It has occurred to me,. therefore, that I. who est~m it a privi- ibly deftned. He might stand alone in his belief,. but. he never lege t(} add something by wa-y of affectionate tribute to the doubted hlmself. memory ot Senator HoAR, may speak brietly o:e his; gueatness. Such, feebly outlined, I believe to. have been the real elements Greatness is a. quality conceded to- only few men; but I think · of hit'; greatness, and I am sure it was these qualities which n-o one, in this. coun:tcy at least, doubts. that. when Senator HoAR so endeared him to his associates here in the Senate, to the pea died a great man passed beyond our ken to enter upon the life ple of his native State, and to the country at Iarge. Let no one and ac.ttvities of that future of which we' know so little, but in . suppose that in dwelling upon these traits of hi8l character I which he ha:d rmdoubting faith. It softens. our· grief: and miti- woulU: leave it to be inferred that his. nature was stern or ba1rd gates our sense of loss to believe that in him the mortal has or forbidding. On the contrary, he was one o-f the· sweetest and put on. immortn.J.ity. gentlest souls that ever lived.- Tender and true as a womany No question has been more widely discnssed by thinkers, es;. ' guileless as a child, sincere and loving in biB :friendships, sayists,. and philosophers than what it is that constitutes trne · attractive in all his social qualities, a man loving and beloved. greatnes8·; none perhaps upon which there is wide:r divergenee We hear much of late of the greatly lauded, but rarely livedf of opinion. We recognize hmnan. greatness. We: .may not de- simple Ilfe.. I think Senator HoAR was a perfect illustration fine it; but I think that whatever else may be required tru-ee of true simplicity in living. He lived out his inward li!e. He · elements: must exist without which no one can be said to have tl"iecf to be in public- and on every occasion just what he really l>een a truly great man-namely,. intellectual power,. intense en- · was at heart, and this, as has: been recently emphasized, is most ergy, and, above all, lofty moral purpose. Where can the man compatible with true greatness. be found who possessed m. higher degree Ol' in whom were more 'l'he. occasion demands brevity, but I should sadly fail. to do completely blended these three essentials: of great;ness than our jmrtice to the mem{)ry of Senator HoAB if I dfd not refer to :his lost brother? intense. patriotism. • His love of country was unbounded--it IDs mental powers and activities. were: marvelous:; his. learn- was a passion. Its history and its traditions: were ingrained lng the most profound, covering aU fields-literature-, history, . in his very being and became a pa.rt o-f him. No. love of conn law, religion, poetry-everything that mankind. has th-ought or try is; complete that does not include the love of those who have felt or wrought. _ The classics were as familiar to him as the helped to. fashion it, who have toiled and sacrificed fo:r it. This. primer or the· S.choolbo.y. The great poems in which ·the. no- is. indeed the substratum of patriotism. This love is akin to blest souls have found their best expression were his dally ancestor worshfp. What the fathers thought, what they did. food. The history of our own. race and all races from prehis- ' what they said, how they fought, was to Ilim an inspiration~ toric pe:rlods to- the i.mmediate present he fully knew It was That he might follow in theil· footsteps, preserve the institu once said: of an able Senator that he was: a.utlrarity upon our tio:ns. they founded, pass on to posterity the blessings they country's history, except that of the· last fifty years. Senator brought to our people, was his constant aim. Every act of his HoAR not only knew every fact and detail of eur history, but public career was influenced by his ancestraJ Jove. To ·carry be helped to make most ·of it during the past half century. on the work begun at Plymouth Rock~ fought for at Bunker Hill, Books were his· constant companions~ The highest thoughts of erys:ta.Hized in the Declaration of Independence, ordained in the wise and great in all times: were his perpetual stimulus. the Constitution of the United States, triumphant at Appo- No man was e-ver better eqnipped by scholarship and learning mattox, was his life purpos~his ever present hQ-pe. for· his: life workr What he had> once learned he could instantly S'erurtor HoAR was thirty-five years in Congress, a length of recall and use with telling effect. His intellect was of the high- serVice· rarely exceeded. in our history-eight years representing est order-keen, analytical, powerful, grasping every topic, over- his Congressional district in the House, twenty-seven years looking no· detail, going straight to the co.re @f things, disci- rep-resenting his State in the Senate; He fo-llowed great 8ena plined, and untiring. Intellectually he measlH."ed up to the best. ' torS' from Massachusetfs-Cboafe; Webster, Sumner, Wilson, When we think of the energy be brought t& his. work~ his life- not to speak o.e others justly entitled to be called great-but seems to have been modeled on the scriptural injunc.tion,. "What- the interests ot his State, its glory and honor, in ho wise snf soe.ver thy hand findeth to do, do it with tby i:nigbt."· What.: !ered. by the comparison of his caree1· with that of the great ever task he undertook absorbed an the energies and powers Senators wliD had: gone before. Irl. his- love fm.· his State, in his of his being, and to its: accomplishment· he ·gave of ·his: · mind,. zeal· for its welfare, ln his devotion tO> the institutions of am"' his ·body, and his soul, until it was fii:Ushed.. No. field of in- , co.unby, to "the love of freedom, to. the· well-being· of our people, quiry was difficult enough to. turn him back,. no question suffi- he was the peer of any of his: great predecessors. ciently abstruse to deter- him, no J)roblem so complicated as to be . The word statesman has been · belittled of late by those who · left unsolved: I doubtif he ever really knew an idle waking honrr have but a poor eompreh"E!nsi.an of its meaning. To really under How o!ten as. we watched him we saw his lips mo~g; framing standi the meanfug of the word we must emphasize both Qf. the· _ the words of his unuttered thought. - Those who Imew him best syllables· which compos.e it. Senator- HoAR was in the highest could not help feeling that even in his momenta of apparellt re- arul trne&t sense a sta.~a servant· at: the Stater most 1512 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-.. SENATE. JANUARY 28,
truly a man. To the State, in its broadest sense, he gave un We know that the Senate does not readily concede to new grudgingly all that was highest noblest, and best in him as a comers any more than they show themselves capable of winning. man. We of the Senate, the people of his city and Common It did not take long for Senator HoAR to win his way to the front wealth, loved his personality, his personal qualities, but his State rank of the able men in the Senate, and we all know that he - and the nation loved him most because of his zeal for the public maintained that rank to the day of his last services in this body. good, because he was in very truth and deed a statesman. While he was positive in his _ideas and pressed the measures One single other word and I must conclude. I am profoundly that he favored with intelligence and zeal, he was ever tolerant • impressed by the thought of the_ influence that such a man as toward those who he believed dHl'ered with him from conviction. Senator HoAR exercises on the future. I am one of those who I recall that while he was the chairman of the Committee on believe that no thought conceived by the brain, no word spoken Privileges and Elections the House of Representatives sent to by the lips, no act performed by the will has ever been lost or us a bill to regulate Federal elections, which was referred to ceases to exert its influence upon mankind. No thought, word, that committee. I was at the time a member of that committee, or act of the highest, the lowest, the richest, the poorest, the and when we came to consider the measure I could not agree best, or the worst of men and women who have lived on earth with my Republican colleagues. While I could see the. evils since the days when mankind became socially organized has complained of, I could not rid myself of the idea that it was a ever been wholly effaced. The world is to-day what these dangerous bill, and very likely to make matters worse rather thoughts, words, and deeds of all who have gone before us hav~ than better. Senator HoAR appealed to me to allow a favorable made it, and the world of the future will, in this respect, be like report to be made. I agreed that he might report the bill in ac the world of the present. Men die, but humanity lives on. We COl'dance with the wishes of the majority of the Republican say that Senator HOAR is dead, but what he has done here is members, but stated that I could not support the bill. The bill, passed on to· be reflected in the life of mankind so long as the after considerable delay, came before the Senate as a special eartl1 and human life shall endure. Happy is the memory of the order. It was extensively debated on both sides of the Ohamber, man who has thus lived and worked and impressed himself not but was finally laid aside and lost its place by the taking up of only upon the present but the future. another bill. This change was accomplished by the vote of all the Democrats and six Republicans, the vote being 35 to 34. I Mr. TELLER. Mr. President, ruy first acquaintance with the do not recall the defeat of any measure that created more feel-· late Senator HoAB began during the last session of the Forty ing than the displacement of that bill. 'rhe recalcitrant Repub fourth Congress. He was a member of the Electoral Commis licans were severely blamed, and. many hard things said of those sion that decided the Presidential contest between Hayes and who failed to support the bill. ~ Tilden. On the 4th of March, 1877, he became a member of this . Soon· after the displacement of that bill a conference of Re body. He had been a Member of the House of Representatives publican Senators was called at the home of a Republican Sen during the Forty-first, Forty-second, Forty-third, and Forty ator to consider whether the bill should be abandoned or an fourth Congresses. His service in the House of Representatives effort made to pass it. I have attended many party confer.. had been conspicuous, and he was recognized as a worthy repre ences, but in no one; either before or since that conference, have I sentative of the great State of Massachusetts in that body. ever seen so much bitterness on the part of the defeated element Having been a member of the Electoral Commission in service Speeches were made of an angry character, and the recalcitrant here, he naturally came in for his share of the criticism of those Republicans we.re unmercifully chastised. The offending Sen who were displeased with the finding of the Commission. There ators were quick to respond in the spirit of their accusers. was much bitterness and ill feeling on the part of those who Senator HoAR had taken but little part in the discussion; but had supported Tilden. · The situation in several of the Southern when apparently the discussion was about to close he took the States was troublesome; if not alarming; we were too near the floor. We all knew how dear the bill was to him and lww close of the great civil war to allow that conservative action arduously he had labored to secure its passage. He told us how that could alone bring about peace between the former contend important he thought the bill; he spoke of the abuse it was in ing parties. Thus it will be seen Senator HoAR's entrance in tended to prevent, and the obligations on Congress to secure by this body was at a very important period of our history. . Sen law some way to destroy existing abuses. He ft~ankly admitted ator HoAR, as a Member of the House of Representatives, had that he had feared the. bill if it became a law might be abused been an active and aggressive force, exerting much influence and harm done under the pretense of securing a fair election ; over his political associates, but I -believe all who knew him he declared he had weighed this matter well and was aH ve to will agree that the Senate was the proper place for the 'exer that danger, but he felt that it was his duty' to support the bill. cise of his great abilities. In this body he found opportunities He was calm and dispassionate-! never saw him more so-but for the display of his talents that he could not find in the House we could all see that he was greatly distressed by the failure of Representatives. He met in this body the ablest of his of the measure. He then turned his attention to the Republican political opponents-men smarting under the defeat of 1876, Senators who had opposed the bill. He declared that every who could not readily forgive him for the part he had taken in Senator must act from his own sense of justice and said there the final settlement of that contest. was no reason for harsh words or complaint, adding that he The President called an extra session of- Congress ·to meet did not want anyone to violate his ideas of justice. If Sena In October. The memb~rship of that Congress is somewhat re ators believed the bill to be bad it was their duty to defeat it markable. Among the Republicans were James G. Blaine, by all fair means. - George F. Edmunds, Justin S. Morrill, Henry L. Dawes, Roscoe His speech acted like a charm on the discordant elements of Conkling, Timothy 0. Howe, Senator HoAR, John J. Ingalls, the meeting. The conference dissolved without taking a vote, Hannibal Hamlin, William Windom, Samuel J. R. McMillan, of and. that was the death of the so-called "force bill." Minnesota ; Henry B. Anthony ; Ambrose E. Burnside, of Rhode If anything could have induced me to vote for the bil1, it was Island; S. J. Kirkwood, of Iowa; Stanley Matthews, of Ohio; the manner the offending Senators were treated by ·senator Aaron A. Sargent and Newton Booth, of California ; 0. P. Mor HoAR. I had known for years that he was great; then I ton; John P. Jones; the senior Senator from Iowa, Mr. ALLI knew he was good. The Senator conceded to his opponents soN, and the senior Senator from Oregc,l, ~Ir. MITCHELL. all that he demanded for himself, and that was freedom Among the Democrats were Allen G. Thurman, of Ohio; of thought and the right to . follow his conscience even against Thomas F. Bayard and Eli Saulsbury, of Delaware; Frf!ncis the dictates of a caucus. Mr. President, one who can face de Kernan, of New York; James B. Beck, of ;Kentucky; L. Q. C. feat, see his plans frustrated, when he feels sure they are right, Lamar, of Mississippi; JoHN T. MoRGAN, of Alabama; Benj9min and accepts such defeat without bitterness or hate, may well Hill, of Georgia; I. G. Harris, of Tennessee; Joseph E. McDon be called great. ald, of Indiana; Henry G. Davis, of West Virginia; the senior . Senator HoAR was a partisan ; he could not be otherwise, for Senator from Missouri, Mr. CocKRELL; T. F. Randolph, of New he was a man of positive convictions. He formed his opinion Jersey; w. Pinkney Whyte, of Maryland, and David Davis, of after careful study and deliberate thought, but his partisanship Illinois, just from the Supreme Court of the United States, who, did not lead him to acc_ept as right whatever had the support of while calling himself an independent, was, in fact, a Democrat. his party. He considered and determine.d for himself, and if 'l'lle special session commencing on October 15, 1877, was. an his judgment didnot approve of a measure he did not hesitate unusually exciting one, and the bitterness growing out of the to oppose it, even when prepared and supported by his party. decision of the Electoral Commission rather increased than de He was opposed to the Spanish treaty made at the close of the creased during the session. The Senator's commanding position Spanish war. He did not hesitate to part with his political in the House of Representatives enabled him to take an active friends and oppose ratification, and, later, when the policy of part in the business before the Senate, and his position on the his party as to the control and management of the newly Electoral Commission made him the special target of attack acquired islands appeared to him to be wrong, he criticised it from his political opponents. Senator HoAR did not attempt to in strong terms. While his attitude on that question brought explain his action on the Commission, but met all attacks with on him severe criticism of his party supporters, he did not . ~:~plrit and in a way to command the respect fYf his opponents. waver in his opposition, and his attitude on that . ~uestlon vln- .1905. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1513
dicatea his life record as the opponent of whatever he believed man or class of men. When he had fully made up his mind on to be wrong. Those who believed with him and those who did any question, no power could move him. The pressure of party not realized that his attitude was such as might be expected of and of Administration were useless. He differed with his party him, and could but honor him for it. · on many important questions, but on that account he did not He was a scholar, a constitutional lawyer, a patriot, and a feel it to be his duty to abandon the party with which he had statesman. He was a lover of freedom, not for himself alone been so long associated. Rather did he remain in the party or his race alone, but for all mankind. He hated wrong and and endeavor to bring it to his -views, and sometimes he suc- loved justice, and to the extent of his capacities helped the un ceeded in this. - fortunate without distinction of race. He opposed with all his power of eloquence and argument the .Massachusetts has sent here some of the most notable mem retention of the Philippine Islands and the expansion policy of bers of this body. Some may have attained a greater fame his party. But he retained an affectionate regard for the late "til an he, but I am sure none were superior to him in all · those President McKinley, who fully reciprocated this feeling. noble qualities that make a great Senator. Massachusetts will All the power of party could not induce Senator HoAR to sup suffer through his death, but not alone, for all lovers of a clean, port a policy or cast a vote that his conscience did not fully pure life throughout the length of our land will mourn the approve. , death of this ideal American Senator. While Senator HoAR was ljberal and kindly toward other men, yet, like all strong-minded men, he had intense " likes " and 1\Ir. CULLOM. Mr. President, this day has been set apart intense "dislikes" for particular individuals. He never lost that we may pny tribute to the memory of one of the most dis his affection for President McKinley, with whom he differed tinguished men who ever occupied a seat in the Senate of the on many questions, or his dislike of the late General Butler. United States-GEORGE FRISBEE HoAR, of Massachusetts. Senator HoAR was not a politician in the usual sense of that Everywhere in this great nation the people are familiar with term. He knew little of· practical politics and, apparently, the name of GEoRGE F. HoAR. Beloved by many, respected by cared less. In his case, office sought the man. I have been told all, Senator HoAR, at the time of his death, was one of the that he never sought or asked for public office. rna rked figures in American public life. He was an active and prom!nent Member of the House of Full of years and of honors he passed away, and his great Representatives, recognized for his legal ability and rendering public career is well calculated to challenge the admiration important service on committees and on the floor. and respect of his colmtrymen. In the Senate he has been recognized as an able lawyer and There is a lesson to be learned from the life of a great man, statesman, interested in all important legislation and taking a and it is interesting to knaw the lesson which Senator HoAR prominent part in the discussion and disposition of public learned from his own life. questions. His committee service was confined principally to Looking back, seeing in retrospect his long life, extending the two law committees of the Senate-the Judiciary and Priv almost four score years, in the twilight of his career, he repeats ileges and Elections. Senator HoAR was a thorough lawyer, these words : loving his profession, which, it·might be said, he inherited, his The lesson which I have learned fn life, wbich is impr~ssed on me father being a well-known lawyer in Massachusetts, a State daily and more deeply as I grow old, is the lesson of good will and noted for its great lawyers and jurists. His brother was the dis good hope. I believe that to-day is better than yesterday, and that to-morrow will -be better than to-day. I believe that, in spite of so tinguished Attorney-General in the Cabinet-of President Grant. many errors and wrongs and even cri.mes, my countrymen of all classes There were few more cultivated men in public life than Sen desire what ls good and not what is evil. ator HoAR. He was not a self-made man in the sense that Lin GEORGE F. HoAR was a religious man; two of the essentials of coln was. He had advantages which Lincoln and some of th~ his religion were " good will, good hope," based on that passage great men of this country did not have. He was a member in scripture which, as he says, sums up the whole destiny of of an old and well-known New England family. He received man, " and now abideth faith, hope, and charity-these three." a classical education in the best college in the United States. Thirty-six years ago, when we were both young men, I served His early life was spent among highly cultivated people. He with Senator HoAR in the House of Representatives of the Con knew our greatest poets and men of letters-Longfellow, Whit gress. For more than twenty-one years I had the honor of tier, Emerson, Thoreau, Lowell, and Hawthorne. occupying a seat near him in the Senate of the United States. He was a student all his life, daily adding to his great store For nearly a quarter of . a centUry I knew him somewhat of learning. He never seemed to forget his early classical train intimately. ing, and was ever ready in debate and in his writings with an He was a liberal, broad-minded man. He bad few, if any, apt Latin or Greek quotation to illustrate a point of the common prejudices so often associated with party, reli Senator HoAR was an able debater-an effective and forceful gion, country, or sectionalism. speaker-having great command of language. A true Republican from the birth of that party, of which he Senator HoAR was a splendid writer. Had his time been de was an honored member from the beginning of the party until voted to literature rather than to law and public office, he his death, he used the following language: would have been one of the foremost men of letters in this I believe our countrymen of the other {larty, in spite of what we country. His autobiography is a well-written and interesting deem their errors, would take the Republic and bear on the fiag to history of the United States for the past seventy years, written liberty and glory. by one who had a prominent part in public affairs since 1869. Descending from a long line of Protestant ancestors, living From a literary standpoint parts of that autobiography have in New England, the home of the Puritan, he said: hardly been surpassed. His description of Edward Everett, the orator, is particularly fine. I believe if every Protestant were stricken down by a lightning stroke, that our brethren of the Catholic faith would still carry on He was very often, in the press of the United States and tha R~public in tht. spirit of true and liberal freedom. among the people, described as the "Grand Old Man of An American whose grandfather and two great-grandfathers America." And in many respects Senator HoAR did resemble fought in the Revolution, it would not be surprising if he dis that great British statesman, the" Grand Old Man of England," trusted men Of foreign birth who have come to this country, William Ewart Gladstone, whose long parliamentary career ex but he did not. His speeches · and writings give absolute evi ·tended for more than sixty years. Mr. HoAR's public career dence of his faith in the patriotism and love of our country in was not so long as that of Mr. Gladstone, but it was among the the .hearts of foreigners who come to America and become citi longest of our American statesmen. zens of the United States. Like Mr. Gladstone, Mr. HoAR had all the advantages of a splen. He was a northerner by birth and by education, in the full ilid education, and was the man of letters whose natural taste vigor of manhood during the terrible struggle between the North would have inclined him to literature rather than politics. and South, intensely loyal to the North, but he still bad faith Like l\fr. Gladstone, b.e was not bound by the dictates of party, in the South and believed that" if every man in the North were and did not hesitat-e to do what was deemed to be right in public to die the South would take up the country and bear it on to the affairs, regardless of what party policies dictated. Like ~Ir. achievement of its lofty destiny." Gladstone, he stood for economy and honesty in public office. _Senator HoAR was an opponent of stringent immigration laws, In religion Mr. HoAR was not as orthodox as Mr. Gladstone, but and particularly was he opposed to our Chinese-exclusion policy. he had as firm and true a belief in an Overruling Providence, in He believed that this country was large enough and great a hereafter. Like 1\Ir. Gladstone, he was a Christian states enough to afford a haven of refuge for the oppressed people of man, a lover of peace, the friend of the oppressed in all lands. all the world. . GEORGE F. HoAR was more nearly the Gladstone of America It was these characteristics which so endeared Senator HoAR than any of our statesmen of recent times. to the great majority of the people of this nation. ·william Ewart Gladstone, of Great Britain, and GEORGE While Senator HoAR was a liberal man, respecting the views FRISBIE- HoAR, of the United States, lived during the same of other men and of his party, yet he was too strong intellec period, and died respected and mourned by their countrymen. tually, too true to his own convictions, to be a follower of any Massachusetts has reason to be proud of her great men. No 1514 CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD-SENATE; JANUARY 28,-
State in the Union bas given to. the country a larger number of lying principles which run their root into natural law; he lo-ved great statesmen and great jurists or so many famed men of let· its logic and its philosophies, and the greater the occasion that ters. invoked the play of his faculties the greater would he hav(' ap Her many famous men of Continental days were followed by peared in their exercise. such men as Webster, Choate, Sumner, Everett, Cushing, and Whether in current debate or in a more stately and formal 'Vilson. These are men of whom any nation might well be occasion, his ability as an orator was always conspicuous. His proud. eloquence was attuned to a high key and found expression in GEORGE F. Ho.AB was of the type of our early American states clear and sonorous notes. He left no doubt upon the minds of men, Of the fathers, the signe1·s of the Constitution, and was his bearers as to the earnestness of his convictions, as to the the worthy successor in the Senate of the United States of power of his logic, or as to the charm of his speech. He was, in Adams, Webster, Choate, and Sumner. a long career, the colleague of many of the brightest intellects Mr. President, while we shall not see again in this Senate his and most powerful disputants that ever shone in public discn - kindly and genial face, yet his example and burning words ut sions, and he suffered by comparison with none of them. He tered here and elsewhere on important questions will continue drew from poetry and from art, as well as from history, the fine to be a living force to guide us in the discharge of our great raiments of his discourses. Some of them, like the armor ot duties in the interests of the country. . great knights who have gone, will be preserved while memory Mr. President, in concluding I may be permitted to quote the keeps records of battles that will be fought no more. But many closing paragraph of the eulogy by William H. Seward i.n mem of them are more than the obsolete armor of past conflicts and ory of Henry Clay. of departed men ; they are wellsprings of wisdom and of re His remarks are peculiarly applicable on this occasion. lle freshment, ·to which passing generations will continually repair said: for that feast of reason and that flow of soul which are to be His example rem:::tins for our Instruction. His genius has passed to found in communion with great minds and great hearts. the realms of life, but his virtues still live here for our emulation. Senator HoAR brought with him to the Senate a keen sense With them there will remain also the protection and favor of the Most High, if by the practice of justice and maintenance of freedom we shall of the exalted station in our Government that a Senator occu deserve them. Let, then, the bier pass on. We will follow with sor pies. That sense was quick in his breast during all of his long rowi but not without hope, the reverent form that it bears to its final service, and be preserved it without ever doing anything to rest n~ place; and then, whe:J. the grave OJlens at our feet to receive so estimable a treasure, we wlll invoke the God of our fathers to send lower the dignity of his office. It was once known that he bad us new ~des like him that is now withdrawn and give us wisdom to been offered the appointment by the President as Ambassador obey their instructions. to Great Britain, and in a friendly way I expressed to him courteous personal congratulation. His reply was that a Sen 1\fr. DANIEL. 1\fr. President, a great man bas passed. He ator from the old historic State of Massachusetts, honoring my filled the place once occupied by Webster, by Choate, by Winthrop, own State of Virginia by associating it in the same connection, by Sumner; and he stood up in it in full stature. Worthy succes could not be promoted by any other office, great as be knew was sors will fill that place, but when the Dictator of Events removed the one tendered to him and as much as he appreciated the honor from it forever GEORGE FRISBIE HoAR, the senior Senator from of having his name so mentioned. The sentiment was worthy Massachusetts, it seemed rather like the passing of an era than of him and of the great State which be loved and served so well. the departure of a man. · He felt and often expressed his conviction that no Senator No constituent vote recalled him from his worthy and accept should receive in hls own person any appointment, employment, able services. No constitutional limit exhausted his term. No or emolument from Executive authority while still exercising design of man and no accident of chance snapped the thread of the Senatorial office. He considered it essential to the dignity his existence. In the fullness of years Time wrote " the end " to and independence of the Senate that a Senator be a Senator the book of his deeds and his thoughts. only. He believed that a Senator should owe no personal obli He was well-nigh 80 years of age. He had heard the whispers gation to any sources of _power saving alone those which gave of the low waves that played on the beach of the mighty ocean him the title and place ol' Senator and that :fixed his duties. that bas not known a returning sail. As a member of a great coordinate branch of the Congre s, A little over a year before his death he spoke of the death of as a judge in a great court that has had and may at any time a lifetime friend who had gone before him: "The friend of my have the President or other high officer at its bar to answer in mature manhood, the friend of my mature age1 almost the last judgment, and as an executive agent to share with. the Presi of them, has gone to his honored grave. This," said he, " is dent himself the power of appointment, he did not believe it what makes dying to an old man. It is not that you grow blind compatible with· those relations to become the recipient of per or deaf or halt or lame; it is not that you lay down this frail sonal favor from any executive authority. tenement in which we walk. When the rich music of the voices This was, in my humble opinion, a just and true conception we love is silent, it is well that the ear grows deaf. When the of the Senatorial office which he filled so well ; and I rejoiced faces that were our delight have disappeared, it is well that the to hear him express a view which I deemed so worthy. Let eyes grow blind. It is this losing that is true dying." me remark, however, upon the gentleness as well as upon the I shall not repeat the details of his long career, which have emphasis ·and clearness of his opinion. He indulged in no been better told by others here, but say a few things which animadversion upon men who had differed with him about that struck me concerning him. The people of my State, also their matter and bad set a different example. In his autobiography representatives here, had a great respect and liking for him, there are some wise reflections kindred to such as ruled him in no matter how much they had differed from him. It was be opinion as to others on this m!ltter, and his mind upon differ. cause they saw in him the man of principle and honor, the ences between men of equal honor and conscience. patriot who put his country first in his affections, and because It 1s a remarkable truth- - they also recognized his possession of a benevolent and friendly heart that played like sunshine over the austerities of principle He say~- that impresses itself upon me more and more the longer I live, that and that lent even to them its charms. men who are perfectly sincere and J;>atriotic may differ from each I have called Senator HoAB a great man. He is entitled to other on what seems the greatest principles of legislation, and yet both rank in that category. It is only the honest fact that I recite. sides be conscientious and patriotic. There is hardly a political q_ues tion among the great questions that have interested the A.menc:m No man is great save by comparison and contrast with his fel people for the last few centuries upon which we did not difl'er from each lows. If all the intellects of all the great thinkers of the world other. The difference is not only as to the interpretation of the Con for all time were put together, they would form but an infini stitution and the law for the government of the people, but seems to te imal atom of the infinite wisdom that rules the universe. go down to the very roots of the moral law. Senator HoAR was a tall and stately, yea, an illustrious figure That this is a fact upon which he rested no man can doubt, among the foremost men of his day and generation, and in and it is a fact upon which liberalism may build its temple many aspects none were his superiors. He was great in his de founded on a rock. That "no pent-up Utica " bound his powers votion and service to the paramount ideals of his manhood. He of discrimination and that no sectional line was permitted to was great in his integrity to the principles which he professe4. obscure his sense of justice of the worthy and the noble was He loved language, the greatest of all instrumentalities for the often exhibited in generous .words and actions. Notably did .he communication of thought. He loved letters, and the refine display his appreciation of great virtue in what he says in his ments of thought which they alone can give. He was saturated book of Gen. Edward C. Walthall, of Mississippi, whom he de with the most profound reflections and utterances of the great scribes niost justly as "a perfect type of the gentleman in chai' est speakers, poets, and thinkets. He painted many a picture acter and speech and as courteous and eager to be of service to which enchained the gaze of the lover of the true, the beautiful, his friends or his country," and to him be pays a tribute which and the good. His tongue spok~ many a sentence which aroused is the badge of true and lasting glory both to him who gave and the spirit of just reflection and of action and :fixed it in firm to him who received. "If," says he, "I were to select the one resolve and elevated the mind to a higher plane of thinking. man of all others with whom 1 have served in the Senate who He was a great lawyer; he dealt mostly with the gr~t under- seems to me the most perfect example of the quality and charac- ~.
1905. CONGRESSIONAL R-ECORD-SENATE. 1515 ter of the American Senator, ·I think it would-be Edward C. sea, in the skies above the earth and in the waters under the " ' althall, of MississippL" earth, uprising and widespreading their redundant and cease Senator HoAR in hjs service here was a Senator only. He less continuances and reassertions of life, life, life. See we not, looked the Senator; he spoke the· Senator. His eye was single therefore, that all things at all times testify to life, to life in and it was full of light. No man ever said or thought of him stant, to life constant, to life impregnable and irresistible, to life that he was the servant of personal ambitions or of private ends. all-conquering; it is scarcely a step to say, to life everlasting. There are many things in heaven and in earth that can not be This is what Senator HoAR believed. If ·these things apply to seen by our eyes, or heard by our ears, or touched by our hands, the material things around us, from which creation is ever evok or which are within the pale of our senses; more indeed "than ing newer and higher forms of life, bow much more do they are dreamed of in our philosophies." Hence many a noble aim seem applicable to the finer and subtler things of spirit; and is may miss its mark however clear be the eye that discerns. it not in the life and character and thought and aspiration and howe>er firm be the will that directs, however true be the hand loving kindness of such men as was GEORGE FRISBIE HoAR in that obeys. It is only possible to the human to be right in that we find indeed the strongest intimations in nature of im mind and conscience and to be sincere in heart. So felt the mortality? prophet when he said: "Keep thy heart with all diligence; for out of it are the issues of life." So did Senator HoAR keep his 1\Ir. GALLINGER. Mr. President, Longfellow's poetic allu heart. He aimed his arrow at wrong wherever he thought he sion to Bayard Taylor may appropriately be applied to the late found it. He lifted his shield over the right wherever he Senator HoAR: thought the right needed reenforcement. It is only in such Dead he lay among his books, ' performance of duty that true glory may be found. The peace of God was in his looks. As the statues in the gloom " 'l'he. most important thing about a man is his religion," said watch o'er Maximilian's tomb, Thomas Carlyle, for it is true that out of the creed grows the So those volumes from their shelves deed. Mr. HoAR had a religion. It was· a noble one. If I Watched him, silent as themselves. sought to sum it up I would say it was "God and humanity; over Genial, lovable, witty, scholarly, and eloquent, loving his all and in all God." He was Unitarian in his profession, and books and reveling in intellectual research, GEORGE FRISBIE at the National Unitarian Conference in this city in October, HoAR was the highest type of the scholar in politics. A pro- 1899, he said: "Every Unitarian man or woman, every lover found student, a great jurist, an omnivorous reader, his won of God or His Son, every one who in loving his fellow-men derful mind se~med to retain accurate knowledge on almost loves God and His Son, even without knowing it, is welcome to every conceivable subject, so much so that his associates in the this company.". * * * "No Five Points, no Athanasian Senate rarely questioned the authenticity of his utterances. creed, no Thirty-nine Articles could separate the men and women How he illumined every discussion that dealt with historical of our way of thinking from humanity or from Divinity." subjects, and how wonderful and instructive were his speeches * * * "We are sometimes told that we can not define Uni- on the great questions of the day. It seemed to those of us who tarianism. For myself I thank God it is not to be defined. To . were privileged to listen to his words of wisdom and admoni define is to bound, to inclose, to limit. The great things of the tion that he must always remain in this body, the great central universe are not to be defined. You can not define human soul. figure of the arena in which his talents were so conspicuously You can not .define the intellect. You can not define immor- displayed. But he was mortal, and in the fullness of his years tality or eternity. You can not define God." the summons came, and his inspiring presence is with us no He preached hope, faith, and charity, and finally "that what- more. Loving him as we did, it is fitting that words of eulogy, ever clouds may darken the horizon the world is growing better; however inadequate they may be, should be spoken by his asso that to-day is better than yesterday, and to-morrow will be dates, who knew him as one of the greatest Senators that the better than to-day." Republic has produced. The great career of Isham G. Harris was portrayed by Sena- Of what we shall say here of the late Senator from 1\Iassa- tor HoAR in an address, which, leaving out a few phrases which chusetts little may survive the day of its utterance. Our trib identify the speaker, might have been spoken by the neighbor utes to his worth may soon be forgotten. Our estimates of his and life-long associate of that distinguished Tennessean and character may add nothing to his fame. Our eulogies may not ti.·ue American ; for it is replete with every note of appreciation be necessary to keep in the memory of his countrymen his serv o! that singularly able, direct, frank, courageous, and manly ice to the nation. Yet the opinion of his associates in the field man. Senator Harris's services here and elsewhere are clothed of his public usefulness is but the spontaneous testimony of with reflections such as are in our hearts to-day with respect those who have felt the inspiration and uplifting of )lis pres to his eulogist, but which no one could express so well as did ence. Perhaps the most we can hope is that the judgment of his Senator HoAR. contemporaries may aid the future historian, free from the His influence- prejudice and feeling of the hour in which be writes, to assign Said Mr. HoAR- to Senator HoAR his place among those who have had a promi will be felt here for a long time ; hls striking figure will still be mov nent part in the making of the Republic. Ing about the Senate Chamber, still deliberating and still debating. When I entered the Senate in 1891 Senator HoAR had been a Mr. President, it is delightful to think that between men who took member for fourteen years, that being a much longer service part in the gl't!at conflict of the civil war, at least a greater part of them, the bitter feelings are all gone. Throughout the whole land the than is usual in this body. He had already attained a leader word " countrymen " has at last become a title of endearment. The ship in the councils of the nation, which gave to his views the memo1·y o! the soldiers of that great conflict is preserved as gently by earnest consideration of the country. As a product of New both sides. Massachusetts joins with Tennessee in putting a wreath on the tomb of her great soldie1·, her great governor, her great Senator. England, my own· State had pride in him second only to that of He was faithful to truth as he saw it, to duty as he understood it, to Massachusetts. He stood the conspicuous representative of constitutional liberty as he conceived it. New England thought and New England independence of action. Not only Virginia, the elder sister of Massachusetts, not only He bad become a fixture in this body. If there was thought the old thirteen States that founded our fabric of government, anywhere entertained of his ceasing to be a Senator from Massa but all of the forty-five American Commonwealths that to-day chusetts it never found public expression. Differ, as he fre constitute the Republic, say this of him, who so nobly applied quently did, from the people of the East on public questions, it to another: " He was faithful to truth as be saw it; to duty there was that weight given to his opinions and that confidence as he understood it; to constitutional liberty as he conceived felt in his integrity that any New England State would have re 5t." He, like Harris, is also dead. '.J::ogether all the States bow . turned him term after term, as did the State of Massachusetts. their beads beside his tomb. Together they bind their wreaths He held a place in the affections of the people o( New England of honor and affection and lay them encircled there. second to that of none other in our history. Some of his pre Man sees all things die around him. The bud and the blossom decessors in this body bave been rebuked or retired for failing die. The leaf and the tree die. The birds of the air and the fishes to represent the current opinions of a majority of their constitu of the sea, the creatures of the forest and the field and the ents, but Senator HoAR's hold upon the public was such that his desert ; alike, they die. Man ih this respect is like them, and commission read: " For life, to act as your conscience dictates." we see and feel·and kno~ within ourselves, as did our dying Nor was the deference paid to the views of Senator HoAR by brother, that of a truth we die daily. The days die and the the people of New England greater than that of his· associates in· nights die. The weeks and the months and the years and the this body. Whatever the subject under discussion it had not <·enturies and the reons die. Time itself, even as we call its been exbausteP., or the last fitting word spolren, if Senator HoAR name and with our every breath, dies away from us. An eter was yet to address·the Senate. Out of his learning and research nity without beginning lies behind .us-dead. would come new facts -and new thoughts for consideration. But all things, too, are quickening, pulsing, and springing Every debate in which be bad a part was enriched by his con into life around us-out of darlmess the light, out of death tribution. His knowledge of history and of precedent was pro life again; and creation and· re-creation forever reappear found and accurate, and he gaye of his abundant store of in through fire and flood, through ice and air, through land and formation to all matters of legislation. With him no subject 1516 CONGRESSIONA~ RECORD-. SENATE. . JANUARY 28,
was too trivial for thoughtful discussion. He was: ever the ('.are the broad field which must be occupied by the all-round man, ful, pamstaking, and. conscientio.us public servant. Diss(>nting facing and persona1l'y dealing with the varied demands and often fron1 his opinions, there was always that great respect for problems and activities, social and political, of his day I came his views which is paid only to those who command it from the to regard him as the most scholarly and the most inteliectually superiority of their knowledge and the integrity of their purpose. cultivated, and the best-equipped man, not only in the Senate Senator HoAR's service in both branches of Congress covered not only in the Congress, but also among all those· with whom it almost a third of the period of· the Government since the adop bas been my fortune to come into personal contact and associa tion of' the Federal Constitution. Others have been -here as tion. J)oubtless it is true that in some respects he was ex long at different times in our history,. but to few bas it been celled by some men, and that in other respects he was excelled given to witness and be .a part of so great development and sa by other men, for however it may have been in the earlier day many changes. At the entr:J.nce of his career the fifteenth and of more contracted scope of intellectual vision, in this day of last amendment of the Constitution was proposed in Congress, limitless intellectual development it is impossible that any man and he therefore participated in making our organic law what it can "take all knowledge to be his province.',. But nevertheless, is to-day. Versed in all the facts pertaining to the construction in the general range of capacity and acquirement, and taking and evolution of that document, be could rightly consider himself him as a whole,, I have never known the· man whom, in general one of its. expounders, and most jealous was he of any departure scholarship and intellectual culture and equipment I have from its provisions. In all of the important legislation since thought to be his superior. 1869 he had a part in molding it to the needs of the country. To such scholarship, to such intellectual culture and attain The impress of his thought is stamped upon the statutes of the ment be added great personal industi.-yt intensity of conviction, nation for a generation. His life may be read in our laws, our and unfaltering purpose.
policies, and our growth. If no one great measure owes to him But, sir1 in the brief moment that I may to-day properly oc its authorship it is because be distributed the genius necessary cupy it is not for me to speak of him in this larger view. Nev to such a creation over a multitude of enactments. ertheless, omitting the general consideration which is now im . · Mr. President,. there is little contemporary appreciation of the practicable, I may brietiy advert to. a few characteristics and faithful public servant, his personal sacrifice, and his fidelity to recent incidents in his career. the trust committed to his care. The. public sees but the glamour If there was with him one sentiment deeper and more intense of power, and notices but the acts that go contrary to. its opin than all others, it was his love of the. right o.f personal liberty ion. Senator HoAR's life was the highest type of civic patriot and his devotion to the right of self-government. Born on the ism, for it was dedicated in the loftiest degree to the public serv spot where in 1775 was fired the first shot which echoed round ice~ Honor, fame, reward awaited him in his profession or in the world the proclamation of personal and political freedom, the field of literature. Yielding to his inclination and taste he. his heart was ever true to these fundamental rights; warmed as had ahead of him the comforts of private life, its enjoyments, it was. by the blood which had coursed through the veins of his its freedom from public vexations~ its satisfying returns. This patriotic sires. To their defense from all assaults whether enticing picture of the future. he put aside when the call came from freud or foe l'le was ever to him to take up the. public burden,. and he bore his part without Constant as. the nm:thern star, complaint. Truly there is a heroism of peace as well as of war, Of whose true-fixed and resting quality and S€nator BoAR was the civic hero of his generation. ':E'here is. DO' fellow in the firmament. Could anything be more beautiful and inspiring than his life? Striking was the evidence of this devotion which he gave In the world at large he had also his part in tlie public weal. within recent years. He was one of the founders of the politi Did the cause of philanthropy need an advocate, be was there. cal party of which he was a most distinguished member. For Did .the oppressed of other nations call for a champion, his voice near half a century he was its zealous and ardent adherent, and was raised in their behalf: Was it a moral lesson to teach, he for the greater pai~t of the time he stood in the front rank of its pointed it with a fo1·ce at once striking and effective. Did the leadership. He was devoted to its principles and proud ·of its shadow of superstition darken the land. his gospel of faith, hope, Ilistory and of its ac-hievements. He· loved it as one loves those and c-heer lifted the veiL To his neigbbors he was the beloved: of his bone and or his flesh. Nevertheless when that party to citizen. To his countrymen he was the statesman without re whose service he was thus consecrated did those things and ad proach. To the youth of the nation he was the example of txue vocated those polie.ies which in bis opinion violated the right of manhood.. To us here be was a helper and friend. To the fu personal and pofitical liberty and which in his judgment vio ture we may leave ·his fame, content that he who writes im lated the right of self-g.overnment he, with the loved and vener- partially of that pe:riod of the Republic from the close of the . able 1\forrill, of Vermont. took issue with his party, and during war betWeen the States to the incoming twentieth century will the years when that controversy raged fi€rcely here he battled place Senator HoAR high among those who loved their country, for those rights with a power and eloquence and an untiring and gave of the best within them for he.r betterment. Peace to pertinacity which have never been surpassed in this Chamber; hi.s ashes. · and those of us who in that fierce controversy thought as he did were honored in being accounted worthy to follow him afar off. Mr. BACON. .Mr. President, it is too frequently true that One thing personal tO: him, Mr. President, I may not forbear the language of eulogy far surpasses the true merit of the object to mention. His political party has been for a generation of its praise. The ancient· maxim of the Latins, '(Speak no sharp.ly at issue with the policies and the measures predominant e.vil of the dead," found its inspiration in the same charity in the South. Throughout the lengthening years it has natut·· which impels the ascription of virtues, to one who. has gone from ally resulted that in the h€at of political controversy there have the living, far exceeding those- which are recognized and ac- · been engendered the fires of persona! and political __antagonism. corded to him when in life. It is most rarely true that be who And yet, during these same years, no one bas spoken more approaches the grateful task of paying tribute to one who was kindly and in words more laudatory of the South than has Sen loved and honored in life is freed from the apprehension that. ator lloAR; and both in this Chamber and on the rostrum else he may say more than the record mn.y warrant. where be has repeatedly borne testimony to the high ideals and No such apprehension disturbs me when I come tQ. speak of the nobility of character of the people of the South and to the Senator HOAR. On the contrary~ his life was so rich in its great integrity and probity of her public men-virtues the possession accomplishments, his character so strong and so individualistic, of which they prize more than political power or the rewards his intellectual culture and attainments so high and so varied, that wait on political supremacy. And, sir, I am glad of this and his career so long and so distinguished, in letters, at the opportunity to thus publicly testify to the great appreciati-on of bar, and in the national councilst that, as I attempt these few . the South of his generous prais~ and to express the gratitude words, I am oppressed with the consciousness that even if time and honor in which her people will ever bold.his memory. permitted my utterances would be feeble to express the meed To this, 1\fr. President, I wish to add the expression of my per of honor and of encomium which he merits and which I would ' sonal sorrow for- his loss. When he went hence, a great void gladly pay to his memory. was made in this Chamber, which none other can fill. Wise in In the ten years I have been associated with him in this council, strong in debate, defiant of wrong, dauntless in the advo Cbamber. through eight of hich I have served on the Judiciary . cacy of the right, ripe in experience and venerable in years, be Committee under his chairmanship, I have rome to know and to spoke when others were silent. admire him as the learned lawyer and as the-wise statesman, Proud of the Senate, he was jealous of its prerogatives, and as the patriot with boundless devotion to th~ country and pride his prompt cba11enge met every attempt to invade or violate in its institutions and in the imperishable principles ot its Gov- them. Devoted to the system and the spirit of our Government, ernment; as the great orator upon whose words the Senate he was ever th~ feadess and outspoken champion in their de was wont to bang with conscious pride, and to which the na.- · fense. And since he has gone from among us, when upon occn. tion lent an ever eager ear. And withal, as time passed :mu sion they have seemed to me to be here in jeopardy, I have in with it was given the opportunity to kno\Y him, when measur- Yoluntarily turned to his old familiar se:1t, and I have longed 1ng him, not in the narrow lirnitr..tions of tlle specialist, but in , fo1~ the voice that is still. OONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1517
1\Ir. President, 1\Iassachu:setts has borne a conspicuous part in FRISBIE HoAR are an invincible defense against enemies from the history of our country. She was '~the cradle in which witllin or foes from without. young Liberty was rocked." The first blood shed in the cause This unselfish love of country was what made Senator Ho.AB, of independence 'vas poured out upon her soil. Since that first with his great abilities and his wide learning, a. statesman in shot at Concord great has been the number of her illustrious the broadest and highest sense. Mere politics had no place in sons. When she comes to enroll their names, high among those his scheme of public life. While a man loyal to his party, and · worthy to be chief in her pride and in her affections wfll be lending to it the weight of his great intellect and wide expe found that of GEORGE FRISBIE HoAB. rience, often following it as long as there was ground for a reasonable and honest doubt in paths which did not meet his Mr. PERKINS. 1\Ir. President, . how great the loss· of our hearty approval, he was ever ready to rise above party when country is in the death of GEoRGE FRISBIE HoAB will, perhaps, his conscience was aroused .and his reason was convinced. not be fully realized until time shall have enabled Americans Party ties were then as cobweb shackles to his action. • First to fully understand and appreciate the loftiness of his charac· with him came the good of our common counh'y-. Party ad ter and the power of his intellect. We of this body, of which he vantage and party policy were at all times secondary to the was so long one of its most distinguished membei'S, have had a welfare of all the people. And such was the knowledge of the better opportunity to learn what manner of man he was than man by his immediate constituents, and such the absolute confi others of his contemporaries, and I am sure that if we can not dence in his honesty of judgment and devotion to the best inter now measure the true greatness of the man we are able to ests of the Republic, that a resolution was reported in the Mas ascr·il>e to him a place in public life from which posterity will, sachusetts legislature on the occasion of his strenuous opposi at least, not lower him. We wliG saw him at the close range tion to party policy on the pending treaty relative to the Phil of every-day life, without that perspective which is necessary ippines decl.a.ring that Massachusetts left her Senators "un to show the harmony of parts, recognize him as one of the tranimeled in the exercise of an independent and patriotic judg gi'eHtest Americans, whose qualities of heart and mind we be ment upon the momentous questions presented for their consid lieve entitle him to the rank of one of the foremost men of eration." And never was implicit confidence more worthily his time and generation: . placed than in GEOBGE F. HoAR. In his recently published me Some idea of the man and pf his character can be obtained from moirs he sets forth his attitude as a public man as follows : a mere reading of the brief sketch ot his life which appears in I have throughout my whole public political life acted upon my own Congressional publications. The bare facts there set forth show judgment. I have done whtlt I thought for the public interest without that from the time he began life until his death he stood upon much troubling myself about public opinion. • • • I a ccount it a high intellectual and moral plane. His associates from youth my great good fortune that, although I have never flinched fi·om utter ing whatever I thought and acting according ro my own conviction ot were with those of elevated character and unusual intellectual at public duty, that as I am approaching folll" score years I have, almost tainments, and in this atmosphere be passed a long, a useful, without an exception. the good will of my countrynien. • • • I and an unselfish life. As we learn more and more of the work, have never in my life cast a vote or done an act in legislation that I public and private, in which be was engaged, we acquire a did not at the time believe to be right- wider and clearer conception of tile breadth of his understand What a splendid sentiment! And this action we can follow ing and the wide range of his sympathies. The movements and and imitate with credit to ourselves as. individual Senators institutions with which his name ·is connected form a true in and with honor to our country. dex of the bent of his mind and the aim of his efforts. In no I have never in my life cast a vote or done an act ln legislation po ition to which his g1·eat attainments called him is there a that I did not at the time believe to be right and that I am not now chance to suspect that selfish ambition had an opportunity to willing to avow and to defend and debate with any champion of suffi cient importance who desires to attack it at any time and in any manifest itself. It is true, doubtless·~ that ambition had a place presence. Whether I am right or wrong in my opinion as to the d uty a:mong the reasons which induced him to accept the positions of of acting 7ith and adherence to party, it is the result not of emotion honor to which he gave the dignity of his character, but it was or attachmeBt or excitement, but of as cool, calculating,. sober, and deliberate reflection as I am able to give to any question of conduct an ambition to serve others, not to serve himself. or duty. Many of the things I have done in tbis world which have 'l'be colleagues of Senator HoAR in the Senate of the United been approved by other men, or have tended to give me any place in States wilt, without exception, bear witness to the predominat the respect of my countrymen, have been done in opposition, at the ing characteristic of his work as a public man-unselfish desire time, to the party to which I belonged. to promote the public good. In a word, he was a patriot in the In all his long career in the House of Representatives and in highest and strictest meaning of the term. .In no word that he the Senate not one act or word of his is recorded that would uttered, in no act that he wrformed, was there other than the serve to throw suspicion upon the absolute purity of his mo mo t sincere desire to effect something for the common ·good. tives and his almost religious zeal for the welfare of his · coun We who have had the opportunity to know him personally, to try. He was always looking far into the future, which his study him as affected by the many and various conditions and -great knowledge and long experience taught him has many and situations which occur here, have never had reason to suspect vital problems yet to be solved, and, with the sagacity which that the thought of self ever shaded the meaning of a phrase makes of a sincere, a patriotic, and an able man a true states or brave the motive for an act. Throughout his long public man, he sought to so guide legislation that posterity should career nothing has been brought out more clearly than that the find no cause to condemn as errors the acts of the Congress .object of all his efforts was the well-being of the Republic-the of the United States. pence, happiness, and prosperity of its citizens. And I think The ideals of the founders of the Republic were ever before thnt the future historian who is able to make an unbiased esti him, and to maintain or attain them he devoted the great work mate of the worth of the public men who have gone will affirm of his active life. And this work was based on a thorough that of the great men who were distinguished for their' love of knowledge of the history and laws of his country, which be eouutry none stood before GEORGE FRISBIE Ho.AB. had made his study throughout his long career. No man here, It is this characteristic of the great successor of the great probably, better understood the basic principles of our system men whom Massachusetts has sent to the United States Senate of government, more deeply entered into the spirit which un which appeals to me most strongly, and I would that I could derlies it, or has followed with greater minuteness the devel impress it upon those who are ambitious to follow in his foot opment of our institutions. Recognizing that the rock on steps in public life. It is a characteristic which was founa in which the Republic is built is the Constitution, he devoted a those who founded the Republic, maintained it through all the lifetime to an effort to prevent that foundation of our repub vicissitudes through which it has passed, and which must exist lican system from being undermined and the superstructure in t he cifuens of the Republic if the Republic is to endure. rendered unsafe. The patriotism of GEORGE F. HoAR was that of the men of It was not the mere lawyer, brilliant and learned as he was, '76, the men of the Revolution, the men of the civil war, to whom that studied the Constitution and worked out its bearings on self was as naught compared with the public good. And his political policies and suggested legislation; it was the great co11 engues in this Chamber will readily recall many instances in statesman, who sought to have every act of Government so rest which it was as clear as the sun on· an unclouded day that his on a sure basis of truth that progress should be along the public act was performed in the knowledge that it exposed him straight path leading to that condition of universal well-being to penalties which none but the strongest and most unselfish which was the aim of the founders. men are willing to invite. I think be stands to-day the type of Thus patriotism and statesmanship made of GEORGE F. HoAR the American who has made the United States possible, and the leading constitutional debater of his time. His knowledge witl10 ut whom it can not long exist; and I can not point out a was so minute, ·so exact, that he was an authority on all con more illush·ious example for young Americans to follow than the stitutional questions, and was so recognized by the Congress of great statesman whose memory we here honor to-day. the United States. In the interpretation of the Constitution · As long as the standard which be set for himself is the stand and important questions as to construction he had important and ard of the youth of America there need be .no fear for the future leading parts, and to his wisdom and legal acumen is in great ! ot our country. Americans with the patriotic ideals of GEOBGE part due the ~afe solution of many vexed and vital ~uestions : 1518 CONGRESSIONAL REC.ORD-SENAT~. JANUARY 28, which would have led . less competent men into labyrinths Senator HoAR was fit for the companionship of the greatest where dangers lie on every side. of these. The mantle which Massachusetts placed upon his But notwithstanding the eminence attained by GEORGE F. shoulders was worthily worn by him for more than twenty-five HoAR as a public man, his was a character of almost touching years. simplicity. He had no thought of· his own power or attain He entered the Senate at an interesting period in our history. ments-perhaps did not realize their extent. The keynote is Grave questions were in debate and great problems were soon found in his own words : to engage· the enlightened and considerate judgment of the Down to the time I was admitted to the bar, and indeed for a year .American people. He brought hither ample experience as a later, my dream and highest ambition were t
without vengeance, a loser wlthout_resentment. He passed with periods would have stood beside the most famous, to one who, clean hands and unstained honor through temptations that shook having the experience of a longer continuous term in Congress the souls of smaller men. He gazed with pure, unclouded brow on than any other citizen ever enjoyed, testified on all occasions to carnivals of profligacy in whi~h p:.;oud reputations were swept the increasing power, growth, and beneficent influence of this away and long lives of righteousness went out iri degradation. His body, and to the ever advancing purity of American public life. was a heart where charity abode always. He recognized the His education and opportunities, his singularly intimate con virtue of his opponents ;- he never claimed perfection for him nection with the glorious past and the activities of the present, self or his coadjutors. - He thought first of his country, of his made him a · unique and in a measure an isolated figure. He patriotic obligations, and next of his party and his private wel was educated under conditions and in surroundings which de fare. veloped for the public service conscience, heart, and imagina And his is a career, 1\Ir. President, which the American youth tion. A lawyer of the first rank by heredity, study, and practice, . may study in a spirit of reverence and emulation. It is the he nevertheless approached public questions, not from the record of a brilliant and a noble life. It constitutes another of standpoint of the pleader but the orator; riot as an advocate those glorious· and beautiful traditions in which the Republic with a brief, but as a patriot with a mission. He cast his first is already ·so fabulously rich. As long as men adm~re courage, vote in 1847, when all the fire of his youth had been aroused self-sacrifice, devotion, high sense of duty, and patriotism at by the slavery agitation. He came actively into politics the tuned to martyi·doni, so long will the memory of GEORGE F. HoAR year after, when the Democratic party had divided into the be held in honor and affection. - Free Soil and slavery men, and the Whig party was split between the adherents of conscience or cotton. He .began his Mr. DEPEW. Mr. President, it is asserted by many writers career upon the platform and his preparation for the public that the Senate has seen its best days. They claim that the service as a conscience Whig. statesmen who made this body famous in the earlier periods of He saw the preparation, through the American or Know our history have not had any successors of equal merit or genius. Nothing party, in which Whigs and Democrats were acting The Senate does not change, but the questions which it must together, of an organization upon broader lines. No one discuss and decide are new with each generation. There is a worked harder or more intelligently for the fusion of men of broad distinction between the elucidation and solving of prob opposite creeds on industrial questions, but of one mind in oppo lems which relate to the foundations and upbuilding of in sition to slavery, into a National Constitutional Antislavery stitutions, which are vital to their preservation and perpetuity, party. When that party came into existence in 1856 with a and the materialistic issues of finance, commercialism, and in~ Presidential candidate and platform it had no more ardent dustrlalism. The one arouses in the orator every faculty of sponsor for its faith and its future than Senator BoAR. A his mind, · every possibility of his imagination, every aspira party whose fundamental creed was liberty for all men of tion of his soul, and every emotion of his heart, while the others every race and color appealed to the poetic and sentimental demand mainly the aptitude and experience of the college pro side of our friend and to the revolutionary ideas with which he fessor or the expert or student on subjects which affect the for was saturated. He came to believe that the worst which the tunes of the factory, the mill, the furnace, and the farm. Republican party might do would be more beneficial to the Webster could command the attention of listening Senates and country than the best which its opp.onent was capable of. of an anxious and expectant country with orations which have Though often differing from his party associates, his oombat was become part of our best literature and educate the youth of our to accomplish his purposes within the lines. He bowed to the schools on interpretations of the Constitution of the United States will of the majority in his action, without surrendering his upon which depend the life or death of liberty. But Webster individual convictions as to the wisdom of the policy. He could hold only temporary interest and a narrow audience on claimed, and with much reason, that the party had come after tariff schedules upon wool or lumber, upon iron or cotton fabrics, repeated trials, in many instances, to his way of thinking, and or upon bimetallism or the single standard. Hamilton and Jef if those who went .outside of the breastworks and lost all ferson and their antagonistic schools were creating with little influence bad remained with him his ideas would sooner have precedent to guide them a form of government in which liberty been adopted. We have here the explanation of the only criti and law would give the largest protection to the individual citizen cism which bas ever been passed upon his public acts. As in and maintain order and promote the greatest happiness of the the Hawaiian and Panama questions, where his eloquence mass. The one believed these results could best be obtained by gave comfort to the opposition and grieved his friends, his centralized power, the other by its distribution am~ng the States. votes supported the position of the majority and the policies of There was then brought into play the loftiest creative and con the Administration. · structive genius which the world has known. It was a high privilege to be a member of the Judiciary Com Webster, Clay, and Calhoun, the Senatorial triumvirate, who mittee of the Senate under his chairmanship. It was a court attained the zenith of Senatorial fame, made their reputations presided over by a great lawyer. With com·teous deference and that of this body upon the discussion of implied powers in to the members, bills were sent to subcommittees, but when the the Constitution, affecting not only the nation's life but the subcommittee made its report, they found that the questions destruction or pepetuity of human slavery. Webster, in that bad been exhaustively examined before by the chairman. The immortal speech, which educated millions of our youth to rush subcommittee which bad perfunctorily done its work received to arms whE:'n the Republic was in danger, preached from the in the form of a polite statement and exposition of the case the text of " Liberty and union, now and forever, one and insep report which, if they had attended to their duties, they ought arable." Calhoun saw clearly the extinction of slavery with the to have made. This work required not only vast legal knowl ~rowth of the country and brought to the defense of the system edge and accurate judgment but prodigious industry. It was resources, intellectual and logical, never equaled; while Clay that rare condition of mind· where work becomes a habit, and postponed the inevitable through compromises which were with Senator HoAR when the committee or the Senate or law adopted because of his passionate pleas of marvelous eloquence or literature failed to give him occupation, he would pass the for peace and unity. So in the acute stage of the controversy, idle hours in translating Tbucydides or some other Greek author which resulted in the civil war and ended in the enfranchise into English. ment of the slaves, Seward here and Lincoln on the platform, In the examination at the close of the last session, before the were appealing to that higher law of conscience, which uplifts Committee on Privileges and Elections, of the president and the orator and audience to a spiritual contemplation of things apostles of the Mormon Church, himself a close student of all material. theologies and an eminent Unitarian, he was aroused by the Happily the work of the founders in one age and the saviors claim of divine inspiration for the words and acts of the 1\for in another has left to us mainly the development, upon indus mon apostles. Be drew from President Smith the statement trial lines, of our country's resources and capabilities. We pro that the action of his predecessor, President Woodruff, in re duced no heroes in over half a century, and yet when the war versing the doctrine of polygamy, heretofore held by the drums ·called the nation to arms, Grant, from the tannery, and church, was directly inspired by God, and then made him tes Lee, from a humble position in the Army, rose to rank among tify that though living under the inspiration of the presidency the great captains of all the ages. Bad the civil war never of the church he was also living in direct violation of that occurred, Grant would have lived a peaceful and modest mer revelation by remaining a polygamist. In the course of a long cantile life in a country town of Illinois, and Lee would have cross-examination he drew from Apostle Lyman statements of passed. the evening of his days in equal obscurity upon the doctrine and beliefs, and subsequently contradictions of these retired list of the United States Army. Better, if the contest positions, and then forced the apostle to swear that both the can be honorably averted, that a hero should never be known assertion and the contradiction were inspired by God. than that his discovery should be brought about by the calami At the age of forty-three he was at the cross-roads of his ties of war, the sacrifice of hundreds of thousands. of liv-es, and career. He had reached a position at the bar which placed the distress, demoralization, and devastation o civil strife. within his grasp the highest rewards of the profession of .We pay our tribute to-day to one who in any of these great the law. The country was entering upon an era of specu- 1905. i CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1521
lation, of railroad building, the bankruptcy. and reorganization of the Sherman clan. I was distantly related to him by the of combinations of capital in the creation and consolidation same tie, and be exhibited an elder brotherly and almost of corporations, which called for the highest talents and fatherly watchfulness and care for me when I entered the the best equipment of lawyers. Questions as to the power Senate. of the General Government over corporations created by His cousins, William M. Evarts and Roger Minot Sherman, States and the powers of the States as to limitations and were the ·foremost advocates of their periods, his father emi~ confiscations of corporations engaged in interstate commerce in nent at the bar, and his brother Attorney-General of the United terested capital and labor, shippers, and investors. The largest States, and yet he would have been the equal of either as a law fees and fortunes ever known in the history of the practice of the yer if be had climbed for its leadership. It has been the high law came to those who demonstrated their ability during these privilege of his colleagues here to meet, converse, work, and de wonderful years. On the threshold of this temple of fortune bate with a. Mayflower Puritan, possessed of all the culture and and fame at the bar Mr. HoAB was elected to the United States learning of the twentieth century, but with the virtues, the prej. Senate. He knew that he lived in a State whose traditions udices, the likes and dislikes, the vigor and courage of the were to keep its public men who merited its confidence con Pilgrim Fathers, neither softened nor weakened by the. looseness tinuously in Congress. He felt that in the great questions still of creeds nor the luxury of living of to-day. As our friend the unsolved: which bad grown out of the civil war and the mar Senator from Massachusetts [Mr. LoDGE] said ·n his most dis velous development of the country he could perform signal pub criminating and eloquent eulogy-the best, I think, I have ever lic service. His decision was made. '.rhe courts lost a great heard as a tribute of an associate and friend-Senator HoAB lawyer, the Senate gained a great states~an, and he lived and would have died like a martyr for his principles. In 1850 he de died a poor man. livered a speech in Mechanics' Hall, at Worcester, upon the evils I spent a memorable night with Mr. Gladstone when in a remi of slavery and the crime of its extension into the Territories. niscent mood, and with a masterful discrimination and eloquence which attracted general attention and was widely published. he conversed upon the traditions of the House of Commons dur Fifty-four years afterwards he was again before an audience -ing the sixty years of his membership. As the stately proces in Mechanics' Hall, composed of the children and grandchildren sion of historic men and measures came into view, they were of the first. inspired by the speaker with all the characteristics and methods The dread summons had then come to him, and he had but few of their period. The changes which had occurred were detailed days to live. The old warrior spoke with the fire of his early byu master who loved and revered the Commons. Senator HoAB manhood, but his message to his neighbors and countrymen after would do this for the thirty-seven years of his activities in a half century was not of war, as before, but of peace, love, and Congress, but with a wit and humor which Gladstone lacked. triumph. The progress and development of the Republic during He remembered the sarcasm, or the ridicule, or the epigram, or these fifty years of liberty was his theme. He looked joyously the witticism, or the illustration which bad not only illumed but upon the past and present and was full of hope and confidence ended the debate, and the opposing debater. for the future. He had finished his work and performed a ·we read with wonder of the nights when Samuel Johnson great part in great events of great moment for his country and gathered about him Goldsmith and Burke and Reynolds and humanity, and be left to his contemporaries and posterity the Garrick; and Boswell could 'make iJlllllortal volumes or their brilliant example of a life nobly lived. conversations especially at this time when conversation is be coming a lost art, because the shop has invaded the drawing Mr. McCOMAS. Mr. President, the Senate dedicated this day room and the dinner table, and cards have captured society. to the memory of a. great Senator. Massachusetts sent the But Senator HoAB knew his favorites among the Greek and younger Adams, Webster, Choate, and Sumner, and later sent Roman classics, and the Bible and Shakespeare by heart. He GEORGE FRISBIE HoAB to the greatest legislative body in the could quote with a familarity of frequent reading and retentive , world. Those great names belong to the whole country, and memory from the literature of the period of Queen Elizabeth Senator HoAR's fame forever associates his name with that illus and of Queen Ann_e, as well as the best of modern authors~ and trious company. Ile, too, has become an historic figure. His he was a member of that coterie which met weekly at Parker's, death robs Massachusetts of her foremost citizen and takes in Boston, where Longfellow, Hawthorne, Whittier, and others away from the nation its highest exemplar of tre scholar and reproduced for our day, ·and in better form, the traU.itions of the statesman. Without distinction of ·party, creed, or color, the Johnsonian Parliament, and where the Senator and his brother whole people lament their great loss. were the quickest and the wittiest of the crowd. This Senate Chamber was the place of his achievement and Whether in conversation or debate there never bas been in the renown during a third of a century. In the last year of his life American Congress a man so richly cultured and with all his he wrote: "I had an infinite longing for my home and my pro culture so completely at command. fession and my library. But the fates sent me to the Senate, The statesmen of the Revolution were with Senator HoAB and have kept me there, until I am now the man longest in con living realities. The men of the present were passing figures, tinuous legislative service in this country, and have served in fading into obscurity, compared with these immortals. In a the United States Senate longer than any other man who has remarkable speech he said of the signers of the Declaration : represented Massachusetts." He came to the House in 1869. "We, not they, are the shadows." On his father's side, his He was promoted to the Senate eight years later, and served grandfather, two great grandfathers, and three uncles were in until his death in 1904. At the centennial celebration of the Lincoln's company at Concord BTidge, and his mother was a establishment of the seat of government at Washington, which daughter of Roger Sherman, whom he thought the wisest and occurred in the first year of this new century, he spoke elo ablest of the members of the Continental Congress. He was quently of the leading statesmen of the last century, and espe the only person who signed all four of the great state papers cially of those who were his contemporaries; and his closing to which the signatures of the Delegates of the different Col words proved personally prophetic. " Their work," he said, onies were attached: The Association of 1774, the .Articles of " is almost done. They seem to survive for a brief period only Confederation, the Declaration of Independence, and the Con that the new century may clasp Hands with the old, and that stitution of the United States. they may bring to the future the benediction of the past." His mother remembered, as a little girl, sitting on Wash After a p·eriod all too brief he, too, passed away, a veteran ington's knee and hearing him talk, and her sister, the mot11er statesman whose life work was done. of William M. Evarts, when a child of 11, opened the door In those last years, unmindful of his age, with unfailing for General 'Vashington as he was leaving the house after his vigor, with unrivaled brilliancy of speech, inspired by a love visit to her father, Roger Sherman. The General, with his of liberty which was inbred, he waged continuous warfare upon stately courtesy, "put his hand on her head and said, 'My little the Administration's Philippine policy, which has been approved lady, I wish you a better office.' She dropped a courtesy and by the country, and, as I believe, by its results. Those of us answered, quick as lightning, 'Yes, sir; to let you in.' " He who differed with Senator HoAB about that great issue were lived all his life in this atmosphere of his youth. The marvelous compelled to admire his lofty eloquence, his keen wit and rep results of the working of the principles of the charter framed artee, his learning, his resourcefulness, his high ideals, his in the cabin of the May{finoer for "just and equal laws." and of courage, and his loyalty to his convictions. He obeyed his the Declaration of Independence in the development of orderly conscience in scorn of consequence. liberty for his countrymen, convinced him that the same rights A popu1ar and long-trusted leader of his party in the Senate, and privileges would end as happily, after trial, with the negroes he suffered with fortitude the pain of separation from the asso of the South and the people of the Philippine Islands and of the ciates of a lifetime, because he believed his party had departed Russian Empire. It was a matter with him not of pride or from the path of Sumner and Lincoln. boastfulness, but of sustaining power under responsibilities that It may be there is something in the New England environment in every Congress from the beginning had been a representative to account for the unbroken line of New England statesmen, XXXIX-96 1522 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-' SENATE. JANUARY 28,
' now gone, ·who have successively ·in each generation opposed me with love, and ~here I feed upon that food which only is my every expansion of the ·territory of the ·Republic. It is fortu own and for which I was born. I feel no shame in conversing nate for the country, as I beUeve, that the most eminent living with them and asking them the reason of their actions. · They, statesmen of New England have been in sympathy with the moved by their humanity, make answer; for four hours' space I whole country in its ·latest territorial expansions, have been feel no annoyance, forget all care; poverty can not frighten nor potential in its beginnings, its development, and its successes. death appall me. I am carried away to their society." Senator HoAR was the last of the conspicuous leaders who In like glorious company during his long and laborious li;fe joined in the great movement that abolished slavery"" To him Senator HoAR found solace and delight. He shared that ecstasy. the Republican party wa.S the last child of freedom. In one of It was therefore a characteristic utterance when he· said: ''If the most valuable and mast charming autobiographies of modern one were now to place in my hands, as a gift, a million of dol times, be tells us, "I became of age at just about the time when lars, I doubt whether it would produce in me any unusual the Free Soil party, which was the Republican party in another emotion." form, was born. In a very humble capacity I stood by its I have carefully observed the Senate for twentY odd years. cradle. It awakened in my heart in early youth all the enthusi It is my belief that there are usually comparatively few rich asm of Which my nature was capable, an enthusiasm which from men among its members, and those often work hardest If they that day to this has never grQwn cold. No political party in are rich they do not forget to toil terribly. Most of its membe1·s history was ever formed for objects so great and noble. And are usually men of modest income who might have gained riches no political party in history was ever so great in its accomplish in private station. Some are poor men. It · is well with the ment for liberty, progress, and law." Republic while this remains true of this Senate. It is well that The Senator voices thus the Puritan sentiment of his great near the close of his long career Senator HoAR, in proud bumil· State. He loved the Puritans and he loved his State. His ity, wrote, "during all this time I have never been able to hire family name through seven generations belongs to the list of a house in Washington. l\ly wife and I have experienced the Massachusetts worthies. Some of his '311Cestors were illustrious varying fortune of Washington boarding houses, sometimes very Americans. Said he: " I am descended from the early Puritans comfortable, and a good deal of the time living in a fashion to of Massachusetts in every line of descent." It is not strange which no mechanic earning two dollars a day would subject his that the sense of justice and of liberty in Senator HoAR in household." The consolations he sorely needed he found in stinctively opposed in a material age the selftshness of commer higher things. cialism. Again and again he offered moral and poetic protest In this material age, when the pursuit of money is so enger, against the materialistic standards of our day. so general, and so o:ften successful, the memory of the life of He defended the right of asylum of the-Chinese upon our soil. our great Senator, as we now look back upon it, comes upon a He espoused the caw:;e of the insurgent Filipinos because of people struggling for great accumulation, with that "unrest his concern for their liberties and because he feared our posses which men miscall delight," like a benediction. "Tenui musam sion of the Philippine Archipelago meant its commercial ex-· meditamur ayena." ploitat:Wn. He was at all times solicitous for the welfare of our That noble life has ended, and when we sum up what he hns Indian wards. He was the every-ready champion of the col done, when we see how important, how useful, bow varied, has ored race, their sure friend in their helplessness, their sympa been the work of his life. we exult while we lament. Scholar. thizer in their advancement. It seemed to me that Senator statesman, patriot, poor in worldly fortune, be ac~pted and ful· HoAR was incapable of prejudice against man or wo:rnan, race filled a vow of poverty .to give the J:>est years of his life to his or creed. country, and yet he died one of the richest of men in treasures The product of Concord and of Harvard, the .friend of Emer that are priceless. son, the great Senator was essentially a liberal in faith and opinion. He fought religious prejudice. He urged his Prot Mr. CRANE. 1\Ir. President, I can not hope to add anything estant countrymen not to forget that the religious persecution to the eloquent and heartfelt tributes which have just been of which they cherished the bitter memory was the result of the paid to the memory of the Hon. GEORGE FRISBIE HoAR by those spirit of the age, and not of one form of religious faith. A year who have been so long associated with him in public life. Such ago in the Senate, in the speech to which the distinguished Sena long and intimate association has enabled them to speak tor from New York [Mr. DEPEW] has so recently and so elo truthfully and convincingly of his great ability, his ripe schol· quently made reference, he spoke of Charles Carroll, the last of • arship, his exalted patriotism, his broad statesmanship, and the signers. Said Senator HOAR: " Charles Carroll was a devoted the great value of his services in the Congress o{ the United Catholic. He belonged to that -church which preserved for man States. When it became known that his life was ended the kind religion, learning, literature, and law through the gloomy people of his State were touched by the messages of love and centuries known as the Dark .Ages. Yet it is the only denom sympathy which came from all sections of our country, and ination of Christians against which anything of theological they will deeply appreciate the words of sincere affection, re bitterness or bigotry seems to have survived amid the liberality spect, and admiration spoken here to-day by his fellow-Senators. of our enlightened day." The people of Massachusetts bad faith in Senator Ho.AB. To weigh the career of a great Senator by the statutes asso They knew that his ideals were high, that he was always nctu· ciated with his name, is to weigh his merits by the apothecary's ated by a sense of duty, that his sole aim was to do what ho scales. We may not recall Senator HoAR's ·paternity of the believed to be right. He always served them with absolute Presidential succession act or his part in fashioning the bank fi delity. Not for one moment during his long career did be ruptcy law., or the antitrust law, or his share in framing or lose their confidence. They never questioned his devotion to amending a hundred important measures. We ean never forget principle. his love of country, which was a passion, the many laborious It bas been truthfully said that no man was nearer to .tho inspiring years he devoted to his country's service, his great great heart of Massachusetts than Senator HoAR. Throughout Intellectual powers, his learning, his culture, his profoupd our Commonwealth thel'e is a deep sense of personal loss. Tho knowledge of his country's history, his oratory, his lofty char· sorrow is genuine. Grief at his death, however, is not at o.ll acter, his pure and noble life. . · restricted to party or State. You all know bow he loved his Senator HoAR was the best example of the scholar in public · !lome and his State, with what pride and affection be ulwnya life. He was the most scholarly state man ; he loved learning ; referred to his beloved Massachusetts, but he believed that the he loved books. His long experience in great affairs, his keen man who love8 his household and his kindred and his town and habit of observation, saved him from overestimating the value ills State best will .love his country best, and his life was given of books, yet it was ever a delight to hear him talk about book.<;. not to his home and his State alone, but to his country. When he tells us of days spent in London in examining pre One of the cllaracteristics which made Senator HoAR so much cious old books, and rare editions, be adds : " The experience respected and beloved was his freedom from race or creed was like having in my hands the costliest rubies and diamonds." prejudice. With all his might he hated bigotry and intoler Machiavelli, of such sinister renown, and our great American ance. Narrowness and petty prejudice were abhorrent to hi~, Senator, of such high mind and stainless life, were as wide and he never hesitated to denounce them. It is not surprising, apart as the centuries which separate their careers. But Sen therefore, that his death has been recognized by all citizens, re ator HoAR at Worcester might have written a letter to a friend gardless of race or religion or politics, as a national calamity. very like that in which Machiavelli gives a friend of his a pic Senator HoAR had not only a great brain but a great heart. ture of him elf and of his daily life at San Casciano: ~·But when His sympathies were world-wide, and he was recognized as evening falls I go home and enter my writing raom. On the a friend of the oppressed not only in his own _country but · threshold I put off my country habit, and array myself in royal throughout the world. Injustice and tyranny wherever found courtly ·garments. Thus worthily attired I make mY entrance excited his deepest indignation, and his heart went out to all into tbe au.cient courts .of the men of old, where they receive _peopies struggling for liberty and independence.- •
190~. CONGRESSION:AL RECORD-HOUSE. 1523
To-day there is mourning, deep and sincere, but we can even Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. - i'heoretically they have. now rejoice because of the record he has made. It is without 1\ir. DALZELL. They have had it all during this session. stain. He was one of those who served his fellow-men, and the Mr. WILI~IAl\IS of ·Mississippi. But generally somebody ob· world is happier and better because he has lived in it. We re jects, though. joice because during all of his long life he was true to the high Mr. DALZELL. But they have had this day all through this est ·standards. We are thankful for his brave, pure, and noble session, with the exceptiOJl of one day, as I recollect. life, for it will be an inspiration to his countrymen during all Mr. SIMS. There are some bills on the Calendar that are not the years that are to come. for collection of claims that are exceedingly meritorious, but .Mr. President, I ask for the adoption of the resolution I send being on the Private Calendar the Speaker refuses to recognize to the desk. Members for the purpose of unanimous consent. Some of these The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The resolution submitted by are meritoi'ious, and I do not see how it could be done where it the junior Senator from Massachusetts will be read. does not involve a charge on the Treasury, but just to correct a '.rhe Secretary read the resolution, as follows: military record. Resolved, That as a further mark of respect to the deceased the Sen 1\fr. PAYNE. This excepts bills to correct military record? ate do now adjourn. .Mr. SIMS. I do not want it excepted, because they are verY. meritorious. But the Speaker will not recognize a unanimous 'l'he PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is on agreeing consent simply because they are on the Private Calendar. to the resolution. l\Ir. PAYNE. 'J.'he gentleman from Tennessee [Mr. SIMS] The resolution was unanimously agreed to; and the Senate well knows that when these bills came up in the House it always (at 4 o'clock and 30 minutes p. m.) adjourned until . .Monday, creates such disturbance that we have to have a quorum. January 30, 1905, at 12 o'clock meridian. · 1\Ir. SIMS. But make a recommendation here that Congress recommends it. Mr. PAYNE. I think we had better take what we can get. l\Ir. DALZELL. I think that if the gentleman from Tennes HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. see [1\Ir. SrMsl will read that order, he will see that it is meri torius business. SATUIIDAY, January B8, 1905. Mr. MADDOX. The gentleman from Pennsylvania says that there are about five claims now, and that there are about thirtY 'Ihe House met at 12 o'clock m. in all; what are the other twenty-five? Prayer by Hev. JOHN VAN SCHAICK, Jr. Mr. DALZELL. The other twenty-fiv,e are bills upon the Pri -rrhe Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read and ap vate Calendar that come from committees other than the Com proved. mittee on ·claims, Committee on War Claims, and Committee on ORDER OF BUSINESS. Pensions. Mr. 1\fAbDOX. What are they carrying? . Mr. DALZELL. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent for Mr. DALZELL. They are committees that have no day, like the present consideration of a resolution which I send to the the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, or the Com:. Clerk's desk. mittee on 1\Hlitary Affairs, and so on. · The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Pennsylvania asks Mr. MADDOX. I would like to ask the gentleman from Penn unanimous consent for the present consideration of a resolution, sylvania [Mr. DALZELL]--· which the Clerk will report. .Mr. DALZELL. And the Committee on Naval Affairs. The Clerk rend as follows : 1\Ir. 1\IADDOX. You are talking about a committee that has Ordered, That to-day, after the consideration of bills under· the order no day. The gentleman from .Mississippi [1\fr. WILLIAMS] has relating to pension business shall have been concluded, it shall be in already said that theoretically the Committee on War Claims order to consider· in the House as in Committee of the Whole bills on has a day, but never bas had it yet. the Private Calendar of the following classes: All bills reported from committees other than Committees on Pen l\Ir. DALZELL. They have bad a day, every day they were !lions, Invalid Pensions, Claims, and War Claims, excepting such us entitled to during this session of Congress. They waived the may involve promotions of persons already in · the Army or Navy ot· last day. the placing of persons on the retired list of either service; bills re .ported from the Committee on Claims involving reimbursement for lost Mr. MADDOX. I have never heard of it, and I have been in .checks, lost bonds, or lost revenue stamps. constant attendance. Mr. DALZELL. The last day they put that bill in confer The SPEAKER. Is there objection? ence-- l\lr. WILLIAl\fS of Mississippi. Is this resolution reported Mr. GIBSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent for the from the Committee on Rules? rereading of the resolution. 1\Ir. DALZELL. Not at all. It is a resolution which I have 'l'he SPEAKER. The Chair will state that the gentleman prepared, to which I ask the IIouse to agree. The purpose is from Pennsylvania [1\fr. DALZELL] asks that the House agree to reach a number of meritorious bills which are on the Calen to tile following resolution. · dar that otherwise will not be reached. There are about thirty Mr. MADDOX. Now, Mr. Speaker, I am going to object until in all. I find out what these claims are. 1\Ir: WILLIAMS of .Mississippi. The gentleman from Penn · The SPEAKER. The Chair understands that the gentleman sylvania [Mr. DALZELL] has excluded all bills coming from the from Tennessee [Mr. GmsoN] asks tllat it be again reported, Committee on War Claims, as I understand it. and, without objection, it will be so reported. Mr. MADDOX. Mr. Speaker, I object. This-- . The resolution was again reported. Mr. ROBINSON of Indiana. What class of claims does this Mr. · MADDOX. Now, as I understand the reading of that refer to? resolution, we can take up all these bills reported promoting Mr. MADDOX. That is what I desire to find out; why these officers. others are excluded? Mr. DALZELL. Not at all. Those are excluded. · l\fr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. The gentleman from Penn Mr. MADDOX. Will the gentleman take the Calendar and sylvania [Mr. DALZELL] has excluded all claims coming from the read what they are? · Committee on Claims and the Committee on War Claims. Mr. DALZELL. I could not do that. They are all bills Mr. DALZELL. Except such claims as those that refer to on the Calendar except those from the committees that are loss of checks, loss of bonds, and loss of revenue otamps. This excluded by the order. They cover bil1s from the Committee will enable the Bouse to consider thirty meritorious bills, about on Interstate and Foreign Commerce that are on the Private which I doubt whether there would be any objection if unani Calendar, bills from the Committee on Military Affairs, and mous consent were asked for their passage. bills from the Committee on Naval Affairs. Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Mr. Speaker, there are cer Mr. MADDOX. Now, I am perfectly willing to take up these tain claims upon the Calendar that ought to have gotten into the cases now under the rule for unanimous consent if they ought omnibus claims bill, that were too late or for other reasons to pass. This seems to be seleCting out from the Calendar of did not get there. They could not very well get on now in con this House some thirty bills and giving them precedence over ference without some separate independent action of the House. all others. If these claims ought to pass and I can find out Why can not the gentleman allow those to come up, too, at the from anyone that it ought to be done, of course I have no objec same time? tion to it whatever, but the idea of selecting out a certain num 1\fr. DALZELL. It would be very difficult to make a selection ber of claims to the exclusion of all others I do object to. of those claims. There are a great many of them, and those Mr. DALZELL. The House can deal with these claims as it corumittees have their own special day. sees fit. ·