MALAWI Last Updated: 2006-12-06

Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System (VMNIS) WHO Global Database on Iodine Deficiency The database on iodine deficiency includes data by country on goitre prevalence and/or urinary iodine concentration

Goitre Urinary iodine (µg/L) Notes prevalence (%) Distribution (%) Prevalence (%) Age Sample Grade Grade TGP <20 20-49 50-99100-299 >300 <100 Median Mean SD Reference General Line Level Date Region and sample descriptor Sex (years) size 1 2 S 1996 7 districts: SAC: Total B NS 9434 24.8 3.3 28.1 400 * SAC by sex F NS 4518 25.7 3.5 29.2 SAC by sex M NS 4916 23.9 3.0 26.9 SAC by district: Chitipa B NS 1340 36.3 2.0 38.3 SAC by district: Dedza B NS 1598 12.3 0.8 13.1 SAC by district: Lilongwe East B NS 715 11.0 19.6 30.6 SAC by district: Mchinji B NS 1600 30.4 0.0 30.5 SAC by district: Mzimba B NS 1180 23.9 2.5 26.4 SAC by district: Ntcheu B NS 1530 36.1 4.1 40.2 SAC by district: Rumphi District B NS 1471 17.1 2.4 19.5 SAC by sex and district: Chitipa F NS 657 33.5 2.9 36.4 SAC by sex and district: Dedza F NS 729 11.1 1.5 12.6 SAC by sex and district: Lilongwe East F NS 332 10.5 22.6 33.1 SAC by sex and district: Mchinji F NS 792 25.5 0.0 25.5 SAC by sex and district: Mzimba F NS 463 27.9 2.0 29.9 SAC by sex and district: Ntcheu F NS 809 41.9 3.2 45.1 SAC by sex and district: Rumphi F NS 736 21.0 2.6 23.6 SAC by sex and district: Chitipa M NS 683 39.0 1.0 40.0 SAC by sex and district: Dedza M NS 869 13.3 0.2 13.5 SAC by sex and district: Lilongwe East M NS 383 11.2 16.9 28.1 SAC by sex and district: Mchinji M NS 808 35.3 0.0 35.3 SAC by sex and district: Mzimba M NS 717 21.3 3.0 24.3 SAC by sex and district: Ntcheu M NS 721 29.7 5.1 34.8 SAC by sex and district: Rumphi M NS 735 13.3 2.3 15.6 SAC by age and district: Chitipa B NS - 7.99 473 36.8 1.9 38.7 SAC by age and district: Chitipa B 8.00 - 9.99 430 40.2 0.7 40.9 SAC by age and district: Chitipa B 10.00 - NS 437 36.8 3.0 39.8 SAC by age and district: Dedza B NS - 7.99 288 8.0 0.3 8.3 SAC by age and district: Dedza B 8.00 - 9.99 354 9.9 0.6 10.5 SAC by age and district: Dedza B 10.00 - NS 956 14.5 1.0 15.5 SAC by age and district: Lilongwe East B NS - 7.99 266 4.5 8.6 13.1 SAC by age and district: Lilongwe East B 8.00 - 9.99 96 9.3 10.4 19.7 SAC by age and district: Lilongwe East B 10.00 - NS 353 16.1 30.3 46.4 SAC by age and district: Mchinji B NS - 7.99 149 15.4 0.0 15.4 SAC by age and district: Mchinji B 8.00 - 9.99 328 29.9 0.0 29.9 SAC by age and district: Mchinji B 10.00 - NS 1123 32.7 0.0 32.7 SAC by age and district: Mzimba B NS - 7.99 177 16.4 1.1 17.5 SAC by age and district: Mzimba B 8.00 - 9.99 254 21.7 1.2 22.9

© WHO Global Database on Iodine Deficiency Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System (VMNIS) WHO Global Database on Iodine Deficiency The database on iodine deficiency includes data by country on goitre prevalence and/or urinary iodine concentration

MALAWI Last Updated: 2006-12-06

S 1996 14 districts: SAC B 6.00 - 14.99 685 15.9 140.0 5103 *

MALAWI

Reference no 400 General Notes: Sample comprised SAC randomly selected from 32 schools in 7 districts.

Reference no 5103 General Notes: Two-stage cluster sampling with probability proportionate to size; sample selected from households; baseline values of intervention study; districts included: Balaka, Chikwawa, Chiradzulu, Chitipa, Dedza, Lilongwe, Machinga, Mangochi, Mchinji, Mulanje, Mzimba, Ntcheu, Rumphi and Zomba.

Reference 400 Mdebwe HJ, Banda TW. A survey report on the trend of prevalence of goitre in junior primary school pupils and coverage of iodized salt at household level in seven districts in northern and central regions of Malawi. Lilongwe, Ministry of Health and Population, 1996.

Reference 5103 Micronutrient and Health (MICAH). MICAH Malawi Final Survey Report. Malawi, World Vision Malawi MICAH,

Reference 347 Chiligo MO. Iodine Deficiency Disorders in Malawi. Gaborone, 1986.

Reference 861 Ministry of Agriculture [Malawi]. Food and nutrition policies and programmes in Malawi: a review. Country paper to FAO/WHO International Conference on Nutrition; 1992 Dec; Rome, Italy. Malawi, Ministry of Agriculture, 1992.

Reference 1243 Oost H. Prevention of iodine deficiency diseases by salt iodization in Malawi [consultancy report]. Lilongwe, World Health Organization, 1985.

Reference 1244 Ministry of Health, Nutrition Unit. Essential Micro-Nutrients Supplementation Project 1990-1992. Lilongwe, Ministry of Health, Nutrition Unit, 1992.

Reference 1246 Swennen B, Jere J, Oost H, Thilly CH, Demaeyer EM. Epidemiology and strategy of goitre control in Malawi. East African Medical Journal, 1983, 64 :759-771.

Reference 1401 Nurse GT. Endemic goitre in adult males in two districts of Malawi. Central African Journal of Medicine, 1967, 13 :1-8.

Reference 2279 Furnee CA, West CE, van Der Haar F, Hautvast JG. Efficacy of oral iodised oil is associated with anthropometric status in severely iodine-deficient schoolchildren in rural Malawi. British Journal of Nutrition, 2000, 84 :345-352.

Reference 2996 National Statistical Office Zomba. Malawi Demographic and Health Survey 2000. 2001.

Reference 5159 Bobrow EA. Child Health in Learning and Development Settings (CHILD). A Baseline Report for the School Health and Nutrition Initiative in Mongochi District, Malawi. Nutrition Surveillance Project, Annual Report 2001, Bulletin No.10. Malawi, School Health and Nutrition, Save the Children US, 1999

Reference 5504 Furnee CA, Pfann GA, West CE, van der Haar F, van der Heide D, Hautvast JG. New model for describing urinary iodine excretion: its use for comparing different oral preparations of iodized oil. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1995, 61 :1257-1262.

Reference 5602 Ministry of Health, UNICEF. Malawi Micronutrient Survey 2001. Lilongwe, Malawi, Ministry of Health, 2003.