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The President. This is the press. in relations between the United States and [At this point, a question was asked in Ukraine. Two days after that meeting, we Ukrainian and no translation was provided.] signed an historic accord with President Yeltsin to eliminate some 1,800 Soviet nu- President Kravchuk. We’re just recalling clear warheads left in Ukraine. Since then, our meetings, but we haven’t started talks Ukraine’s Parliament has approved the tri- yet. But we recalled our Kiev meetings. lateral agreement and unconditionally rati- Q. What is the opinion of this meeting, fied the START Treaty and the Lisbon Proto- Mr. Clinton? col. And last month, Ukraine joined the The President. I thought they were very NATO Partnership For Peace. These steps good meetings. We made, as you know, a represent a tribute to the statesmanship and very important agreement which we then leadership of President Kravchuk and to the signed in Moscow the next day. And I also vision of the Ukrainian people, who under- very much enjoyed being in your country a stand that integration into a broader, peace- brief time. We also had a wonderful meal. ful, and democratic Europe is Ukraine’s best And we’ll have a good meal today, but there path to lasting security and prosperity. won’t be so many courses as there were when In our meeting today, I strongly reaffirmed we were in—[laughter] American support for Ukraine’s independ- President Kravchuk. And the news- ence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity. I papers were covering it for a long time. urged President Kravchuk to continue to The President. Yes. work to achieve Ukraine’s accession to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. We NOTE: The exchange began at 11:42 a.m. in the shared views on developments in and Oval Office at the White House. President their impact on Ukraine. We discussed ways Kravchuk spoke in Ukrainian, and his remarks were translated by an interpreter. A tape was not to expand cooperation between our two na- available for verification of the content of this ex- tions. At the core of our agenda is developing change. a closer economic relationship. While Ukraine is going through a difficult period of transition, it remains a nation with The President’s News Conference enormous economic potential, endowed with With President of abundant natural resources and human tal- Ukraine ent. To develop the full measure of these March 4, 1994 resources, Ukraine’s most promising future clearly lies with market reform. That’s why President Clinton. Good afternoon. It’s I was pleased that President Kravchuk today a great pleasure for me to welcome President expressed his determination to move forward Kravchuk and his entire delegation from toward comprehensive market reform. Ukraine to the White House today. Before As Ukraine proceeds with reform, the I go forward, I think I should acknowledge United States is prepared to mobilize support the presence in the Ukrainian delegation of from the G–7 nations and from international two of the Ukraine’s Olympic athletes, Victor financial institutions. We’re also prepared to Petrenko and the Olympic gold medalist in increase our bilateral economic assistance to skating, Oksana Baiul. Welcome to the $350 million this year for privatization, small United States. Please stand up. [Applause] business creation, and other priorities. And Thank you. I’m pleased that President to help Ukraine dismantle nuclear weapons, Kravchuk brought them with him today. We we’ve committed $350 million in Nunn- all enjoyed meeting them, and we’re looking Lugar funds. Total U.S. assistance available forward to the entire American Olympic to Ukraine this year will, therefore, be $700 team being here in just a couple of weeks. million. This represents a major increased When I first met President Kravchuk in commitment to an important friend in the Kiev on January 12th, the hour was late, and region. the weather was icy. But at that brief meeting Ultimately, the best way to bolster we marked the dawn of a new and warm era Ukraine’s reforms is to facilitate private trade

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and investment. I told President Kravchuk especially on the European Continent. today that the United States will support Therefore, President Bill Clinton and I Ukraine’s membership in GATT and will agreed that the political and economic secu- lower tariffs on a number of Ukrainian prod- rity of Ukraine, which is playing an important ucts. stabilizing role in its area—and this idea is We’ve also signed treaties to promote in- shared by many others—has an exceptional vestment and prevent double taxation. And significance for both the people of Ukraine we established a joint commission on trade and for the people of the United States of and investment that will strengthen further America. Proceeding from this basic idea, we our commercial ties. These ties are part of believe that relations between Ukraine and a richly woven fabric that binds our two na- the United States should develop as relation- tions. ships of friendly states which have much From the time of our own revolution, more common interests than controversies. Ukrainian immigrants have helped to shape During our talks with President Clinton the United States. Now America and Ukraine we became confident that the American side are dedicated to building a new relationship, understands the problems that we have and to shaping a better future for all our people is concerned over the serious economic situa- and for all the world. I look forward to work- tion in Ukraine. We saw that the administra- ing with President Kravchuk in that endeav- tion in the United States does not only wel- or. come steps of the Ukrainian Government to Let me again thank the President for com- overcome the economic crisis but also ex- ing here with the entire delegation, including presses readiness to provide necessary assist- his Olympians, and to say to all the Ukrain- ance to Ukraine in the main areas of eco- ians, and to you especially, Mr. President, nomic transformation, which the President thank you for giving us the opportunity to indicated. work together and to make a better future Today we signed a package of economic for our peoples. accords and agreements which I hope will President Kravchuk. Mr. President, la- help Ukraine considerably facilitate and dies and gentlemen, we have just signed a speed up its progress towards the market and number of important bilateral documents ease the tension in the economy and also the which lay down the legal foundation for co- daily life of the people. We are convinced operation in the areas of economy, trade, and that we found the right friend at the right other areas. That—what happened several time in America. Today Ukraine is a friend minutes ago before your eyes could be, with- in need, but it is a friend, indeed, as your out exaggeration, called a historic moment saying goes. I believe that the day will come in relationship between our two states. when we will be remembering these days as Today we, in fact, turned the page of a the era of the birth and formation of a true still brief history of our bilateral relations friendship between the two nations and which seem to have linked us forever with states, Ukraine and the United States of colossal and complicated problem of nuclear America. weapons, which Ukraine inherited from the Thank you very much for attention. former . Although the problem President Clinton. Thank you, Mr. Presi- remains to be as complicated today, we man- dent. aged to get closer to a successful resolution Now, we’ll attempt to alternate between of this problem today. the American press and the Ukrainian press The new balance of forces on the political on questions. So we’ll start with Helen map of the world clearly indicates the need [Helen Thomas, United Press International]. to create a global security system which would be based on entirely new principles. Whitewater Investigation We understand that the complicated proc- Q. Mr. President, is Mr. Nussbaum leaving esses of international security and peace are your staff, and have you decided how you’re intertwined and cannot permit gaps and vac- going to approach these daily spate of stories uum to exist in this or that part of the world, concerning Whitewater—been likened in

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Post cartoons to torture, Chinese torture, and have to take place on the territory of the so forth? former republics of the former Soviet Union, President Clinton. Well, I think that’s a this is truly a historic moment. decision more for you than for me, whether Yes, the word has its own history, but it there will be a daily spate of stories. Most cannot be interpreted as an archaic word. of the newspapers in the country asked me This is the word of a very high, lofty sound- to have a special counsel appointed. That’s ing. what I have done; I did it so that I could Q. President Kravchuk, the Ukrainian Par- go on with my work. It’s been an interesting liament has failed to ratify the Nuclear Non- thing since no one has still accused me, as Proliferation Treaty. Are you confident that far as I know, of doing anything wrong in it will ratify this treaty? And will the $700 this whole encounter. So we have a special million of aid that you talked about today go counsel, and I intend to let the process un- forward if the Parliament fails to take that fold. step? Yesterday, I said what I had to say about President Clinton. First, I am confident the meetings that had occurred or the con- it will ratify the treaty. Perhaps I should let versations that had occurred. I think we have President Kravchuk speak for himself on this. constructed a clear and appropriate fire wall I believe that because the Parliament has between the White House and any Federal supported the trilateral agreement, the regulatory agency that might have anything START Treaty, the Lisbon Protocol, which to do with this, as I think it is absolutely im- is the first step toward becoming a non- perative to do. And I have told again every- nuclear—I mean, agreeing to the Non-Pro- body on my staff to just bend over backwards liferation Treaty. I’m also confident because to be as cooperative as possible. I want a full this country has already begun to implement investigation. I want this thing to be done its commitment to reduce the nuclear pres- fully, clearly, and to be over with. That is ence. And the Nunn-Lugar funds, in particu- my only interest, and I intend to pursue it lar, as you know, are tied to making sure that with great vigor. countries can afford to do it and can reduce Q. How about Mr. Nussbaum? their nuclear capacity in a technically com- President Clinton. I have nothing more petent and safe way. So I feel a high level to add to what I said yesterday. of confidence in this. President Kravchuk again assured me Ukraine today that he thought the NPT would be ac- Q. of Ukraine, the parliamen- ceded to by the Rada and that the real prob- tary newspaper of Ukraine. It was said that lem, the reason it hasn’t happened just be- the moment is historic in the history of fore his coming here, is because so many Ukraine. Is this historic moment different people are out campaigning, something that from any other historic moment in the his- we all understand in this country. But I think tory of Ukraine? it would be good to let him make a comment President Kravchuk. I do understand about this. your question. Every country lived through President Kravchuk. The thing is that a historic period of—the time that we are having ratified START I and removing the living through is very complicated. It’s a pe- reservations as to Article V of the Lisbon Pro- riod of transformation, of transfer from one tocol, the Ukraine has committed itself, the system to another. Ukraine is in a very bad, political commitment, to accede to the NPT very difficult situation. And friendly relation- as a nonnuclear power. This question is now ship with the United States of America, the open as a committing task for Ukraine. So good neighborly relations in all areas of polit- you shouldn’t have doubts about the ratifica- ical and economic life, is really the true his- tion or nonratification of the NPT. As to the toric moment. And the fact that United money which is allocated to Ukraine, that States of America and Ukraine signed docu- money is allocated for dismantling the weap- ments which open up the way to market re- ons. And we have already started dismantling forms and stronger democracy, which still the nuclear weapons in Ukraine.

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Q. This is a question to President Clinton. Ukraine. And I personally have been very im- You have already landed in Ukraine, and that pressed that all the parties involved in the was a very short stopover. Are you planning Crimean issue seem to be very responsible an official state visit to Ukraine? in their comments and their policies recently. President Clinton. I would very much So I think you’re asking me a hypothetical like to come back. This year I have a full which doesn’t seem too probable in light of schedule of travel, perhaps as much as I can the policies and the statements which have accommodate this year. But I certainly been made. wouldn’t rule it out. I had such a good time Ann [Ann Compton, ABC News]. on my brief stay, I wanted to do more and to see more. Terrorism Trude [Trude Feldman, Trans Features]. Q. Mr. President, the defendants in the Q. Mr. President, I have a question for World Trade Center bombing were all con- both Presidents. Are you satisfied with the victed today. Do you think Americans have progress on removing nuclear missiles from any reason to feel any more secure against the Ukraine under the January Moscow terrorism now than they did one year ago? agreement? President Clinton. Well, I think the au- President Clinton. I personally am. I thorities did a terrific job in cracking the think they’re making good progress and pro- case. And I’m glad to see that it has been ceeding just as they agreed to do. Obviously, handled in this way. I think that the signal there are always technical details to be should go out across the world that anyone worked out. And this is a delicate matter that who seeks to come to this country to practice has to be handled with great care. But I’m terrorism will have the full weight of the law personally well satisfied. enforcement authorities against them, and Mr. President, do you want to answer that we will do our best to crack the cases and question? to bring them to justice, just as they have President Kravchuk. As I’ve already said, today. This will send a very important signal answering to the part of that question, the around the world. And I am very gratified Ukraine has already begun the practical im- by the work that was done. plementation of that issue. But speaking more definitely, a whole trainload of nuclear Ukraine warheads is on the way to Russia. The treaty President Kravchuk. I didn’t answer the has been signed between Russia and Ukraine question which was raised previously. I be- because this is a joint issue of removing the lieve that our integration within the limits weapons to Russia. And Ukraine will fulfill of the CIS does not contradict the integration its commitment. I also believe that other in the political and economic area with the sides, other parties, would fulfill their obliga- countries that make up the New Independ- tions. And Ukraine would certainly stick to ent States. This has been foreseen by many its commitments. documents in the CIS. President Clinton. If I might just add one Ukraine does not make a task of leaving other thing, too. I think that it’s important the CIS or curtailing relationship with the for us here in the United States to note that countries that have been created on the terri- one of the big issues when I went to Ukraine tory of the former Soviet Union. We believe and to Russia in January has been resolved, that the joint efforts of the CIS countries and and that is the question of how Ukraine will their cooperation with the Western states will be compensated for the highly enriched ura- give an opportunity to avoid the burdensome nium in its nuclear arsenal. and heavy processes which are now taking Q. [Inaudible]—your recent statement place in Russia and in many other countries. about the resurrection of the Russian impe- We cannot limit the process towards the rialism, would they bring damage to process in Russia or Ukraine. These are uni- Ukraine? versal processes, and we have to interact on President Clinton. Well, the United them. But there is a tendency of creating dif- States supports the territorial integrity of ficult processes including the extremist or ex-

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pansionist character. There are such ten- All I can tell you is, even the editorial writ- dencies, but if we act together we would be ers, you know, they say, ‘‘Well, there is no able to avoid such developments. evidence Bill Clinton did anything wrong; Q. Mr. President, this is the Ukrainian we’re spending millions of dollars to dig wire service. Did you discuss today with the around in all of this, but no one has ever a question of providing accused him of doing anything wrong. We’re additional material assistance to Ukraine ex- just going to do it anyway. Now, they better cept for the provision of assistance for the not mess up the process.’’ So I sent the mes- denuclearization? sage to the people who work here, ‘‘Don’t President Clinton. Yes, we did. And the mess up the process. Nobody thinks we’ve United States agreed to do two things. One done anything wrong, but we, because I’m is, we are increasing the assistance that we President, have had to launch this massive, had previously pledged not only in the hugely expensive, unusual inquiry, while ev- denuclearization area but in economic assist- erybody says, ‘I really don’t think anything ance as well, so that we will have about $350 happened wrong, but let’s have this massive million in each category. inquiry. Now, let’s make sure they don’t mess Now, over and above that, we agreed to it up, and if they do, let’s find them.’ ’’ So send an economic team to Ukraine as quickly I said, ‘‘Let’s don’t mess it up.’’ as President Kravchuk says you are ready to I mean, I’ve made it as clear as I can: Bend receive them to discuss what we might do over backwards to avoid any appearance of to get more countries involved in assisting conflict; set up a fire wall between the White Ukraine, and to speed up the timetable by House and any of the appropriate agencies; which Ukraine can receive assistance from have a central point of contact if anyone calls the International Monetary Fund and the us. You know, one of these disputed meetings World Bank. arose out of press questions, for example. We Andrea [Andrea Mitchell, NBC News]. have to be careful. I think I have sent a very clear and unam- Whitewater Investigation biguous signal that there is no point in letting Q. Mr. President, in Annapolis today, Re- a process mess this White House up when publicans were calling upon Speaker Foley we have not yet been accused of any wrong- to hold hearings on some of these latest doing. Since there was no wrongdoing on my meetings. Would you object to such hear- part, I want a full, complete, thorough inves- ings? Do you think they’re necessary? And tigation. And I want it to go forward secondly, do you think a stronger signal unimpeded and then to be over. I think that needs to be sent from the White House that is in the national interest. And I’m going to you are, indeed, so sensitive to these ethical do my best to make it abundantly clear that distinctions? Do you need to make other that is precisely what happens. changes beyond the memo that was issued Yes, sir? yesterday? President Clinton. Let me say, first of all, it’s up to the House to do whatever they think Ukraine is appropriate to do, not for me to tell them Q. Mr. Clinton, the newspaper Kiev Her- what to do. I think that it is clear that the ald. Has there been a change in the last 5 Republicans have behaved in a fairly blatant, years of your understanding of the Ukrainian bald, and totally political way in this regard. situation in Europe? And if there has been And since there is no evidence of abuse of a change, please present your arguments. authority on my part as President, or any of President Clinton. Well, I’ll attempt to the kinds of things for which their parties answer the question as I understand it. I cer- and administrations were accused, and since tainly, over the last half year, have come to they have often complained in the past of have higher hopes for the prospect of a full political motivation, I think that they would Ukrainian partnership in a democratic Eu- show a little more restraint and judgment in rope where all the countries respect each this case. other’s territorial integrity and work together

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in an atmosphere of free markets, and re- Mr. Kravchuk, the Ukraine is living spect for democracy and human rights. through a very difficult period of time. We I think that is due in no small measure are very active in the denuclearization policy, to the leadership of President Kravchuk in and Ukraine is called at the same time the concluding the nuclear agreement with the stabilizing factor. What is your opinion on United States and Russia and in the efforts that? What would be the development of that in Ukraine to support the START Treaty and issue? Lisbon Protocol. I also know what a very dif- President Kravchuk. We should take a ficult economic time Ukraine is going look at Ukraine, not only from the position through. And I see the beginnings of a real of today but also take into consideration its effort to restructure the economy. And I be- great economic, spiritual, human, and natural lieve the United States should support that. resources. The relations which are now de- Finally, let me say one point which has veloping between the United States and the not been made yet: I was very pleased that Ukraine and the understanding which Presi- Ukraine so quickly accepted the invitation dent Clinton showed and the administration from NATO to join the Partnership For of the United States demonstrated, show that Peace. This is just what we conceived could they take into account exactly that perspec- happen, that we could literally build a united tive view, not the view of today but the view Europe where the parties respect each oth- of tomorrow. er’s borders and integrity and commit to From that point of view, Ukraine can play work with one another to promote the peace a great stabilizing role in the future; that is and to protect the people of all the countries one thing. Secondly, Ukraine can, with the involved. help of rapid economic and political reforms, Yes, sir. can introduce such principles of coexistence which are in the limits of highest standards. China For instance, we do not have any problems Q. Mr. President, Secretary of State Chris- with human rights or ethnic or interethnic topher is heading to China soon. Isn’t the or international conflicts in the Ukraine. We Chinese Government basically thumbing its preserved the political calm and stability in nose at the U.S. by rounding up dissidents the conditions when we are getting ready for on the eve of his visit and, of course, with the elections. Congress getting ready to kick around the The most important is the economic situa- most-favored-nation status? tion. If Ukraine, by itself, and with the help President Clinton. I wouldn’t presume to of the United States and other states, will know what motivated the Chinese Govern- manage this economic crisis, it would be ment. All I can tell you is that we have sent ready to use the economic potential that it a very stern statement. We strongly dis- has and will be able to perform its role in approve of what was done, and it obviously Europe. is not helpful to our relations. I have done President Clinton. I agree with what what I could to make it clear that the United President Kravchuk said. I might just add States does not seek to isolate China eco- one point. The United States recognizes that nomically or politically and that we want a it is very important to be supportive as constructive and strong relationship with Ukraine tries to reform and get through this them, but that the observance of basic period of economic transition. One of the human rights is an important thing to us, things that we’ve been able to do in the last along with nonproliferation, along with fair year or so is to take a broad view of the need trade rules. And that was certainly not a help- for defense conversion measures as the ful action. denuclearization occurs. So, for example, tomorrow the President Ukraine and the Ukrainian delegation will go and Q. Mr. President, this is Ukrainian Tele- meet with the Secretary of Defense, Sec- vision. I have a question to both President retary Perry, to talk about what kinds of de- Kravchuk and President Clinton. fense conversion things, that will help the

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long-term Ukrainian economy, can be done cussed this matter together, but it’s hard to as part of the process of denuclearization. tell you any definite steps. But I believe that And that, I think, is some evidence that the we would find a joint resolution of that proc- United States believes that the potential of ess because it is related not only to the eco- Ukraine is enormous and that we have to nomic issues but also related to a number have a long-term view of our partnership. of treaties, including matters related to the Yes, sir. production in the Ukraine. So far, it is very hard to answer your question. Singapore President Clinton. Yes, we discussed it Q. Mr. President, I’d like to ask you a and we discussed it in some detail. I said question about a human rights case. An that I would have the United States explore American young man living in Singapore has two or three options to see if we could find been convicted of petty vandalism there and some way to avert an even worse crisis. It’s sentenced to a caning, a punishment that is a serious problem. We didn’t achieve a total said to leave permanent scars. This would resolution today. seem to outweigh the crime. And since Thank you very much. Singapore is an ally of ours, is there anything George Mitchell the United States can do about this? The President. This is the first I’ve heard Q. Mr. President, have you heard about of it. I’ll look into it. George Mitchell? Rita [Rita Braver, CBS News]. Q. Do you think you can work without Thank you for bringing it to my attention. him, sir? President Clinton. I have. I would like Middle East Peace Process to make a statement about Senator Mitchell, Q. President Clinton, just a little while if I might. ago, Nabil Shaat, the envoy from the PLO, We had a long talk about this last night. said that the United Nations is close to agree- He came over for dinner and asked if he ment, with U.S. backing, on some kind of could stay afterward, and asked if I would international security force in the occupied not tell anybody. So I didn’t, and it didn’t territories. Can you tell us a little bit about leak. that and what the U.S. participation in that I didn’t know George Mitchell very well would be? when I became President, and therefore, I President Clinton. I can’t because we didn’t know what to expect. After the last haven’t made the agreement yet. I can say 14 months, I can tell you that I think he is that there is—I believe we have some more one of the finest, ablest people I have ever movement in the Middle East. There is still known in any kind of work. There is no doubt some—I am encouraged in a way by what in my mind that we would not have had the he said, but I wouldn’t overstate it. We are success we had last year had it not been for continuing to inch ahead, but I don’t want his incredible persistence and patience and to jump ahead of actual developments. And strength. And he will be very difficult to re- I think I’d better wait and see what actually place. But he made this decision, I am con- is agreed to before I can comment. vinced, for exactly the reasons that he will say, as he goes home to Maine to make this Ukraine statement. And I think I should let him speak Q. Mr. Kravchuk, supplies of Russian gas for himself. are supposed to be cut off today because of He is a wonderful man. He has made a Ukraine’s inability to pay. Did you discuss very personal decision. I will miss him a lot, this issue today with Mr. Clinton? And, Mr. and America is deeply in his debt. Clinton, did you have any suggestions; were Thank you. there any moves to help Ukraine in this in- NOTE: The President’s 51st news conference stance? began at 2:10 p.m. in the East Room at the White President Kravchuk. Yes, I informed House. President Kravchuk spoke in Ukrainian, President Clinton about this case. We dis- and his remarks were translated by an interpreter.

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Joint Statement on Development of tober 25, 1993, the United States of America U.S.-Ukrainian Friendship and has committed 177 million dollars in assist- Partnership ance to Ukraine. The United States intends to provide an additional 175 million dollars March 4, 1994 in Fiscal Year 1994 and Fiscal Year 1995. On the occasion of their March 4, 1994 Of this, 100 million dollars will be made meeting in Washington, D.C., the President available in Fiscal Year 1994 for projects in of the United States of America, William J. the following areas: Clinton, and the President of Ukraine, Leo- —the conversion of the defense industry nid M. Kravchuk, agree to open a new era of Ukraine to civilian activities; in relations between their two nations. —the elimination of strategic nuclear In doing so, they agree to undertake to arms; broaden the context of bilateral relations on —the establishment of a system of export the basis of partnership and mutual trust and control for the prevention of prolifera- respect; shared commitment to democracy, tion of weapons of mass destruction; human rights and the rule of law; common and, goals in preventing the proliferation of weap- —the development of state systems of con- ons of mass destruction; and, in the joint in- trol, accounting, and physical protection terest of promoting free trade, investment, of nuclear materials. and economic cooperation between the two The United States will also seek an addi- countries. tional 75 million dollars in ‘‘Nunn-Lugar’’ as- By embracing these principles, the United sistance for Ukraine in Fiscal Year 1995. States and Ukraine agree to work in friend- The Government of the United States of ship in the interests of the mutual well-being America, in consultation with the Govern- of their peoples and in pursuit of an enduring ment of Ukraine, shall expeditiously decide global peace. Embarking on this new era, the on the appropriate allocation of proposed as- two leaders agree to work actively to imple- sistance among these four areas. Once this ment the following comprehensive program decision has been made, the two sides shall of cooperation: expeditiously seek to conclude an agreement and three amendments specifying this pro- I. Security Assurances posed increase in assistance. President Clinton and President Kravchuk For defense conversion assistance, the two discussed security assurances for Ukraine sides shall work to conclude a new imple- and agreed on the importance of such assur- menting agreement between the Depart- ances. The sovereignty, independence, and ment of Defense of the United States of territorial integrity of Ukraine are of key im- America and the Ministry of Engineering, portance to the United States. In this regard, Military-Industrial Complex and Conversion as agreed in the January 14 Trilateral State- of Ukraine. ment, the United States and other nations For additional strategic nuclear weapon are prepared to extend in the form of a multi- elimination assistance, including assistance lateral document security assurances to for the elimination of SS–19 and SS–24 mis- Ukraine once the START I Treaty enters into siles and silos, for additional export control force and Ukraine becomes a non-nuclear- assistance, and for additional assistance relat- weapon state party to the Nuclear Non-Pro- ing to control, accounting, and physical pro- liferation Treaty. tection of nuclear materials, the two sides shall work to amend the respective imple- II. Nuclear Arms Reduction Assistance menting agreements concluded in December (‘‘Nunn-Lugar’’) 1993. Under the framework of the Agreement Between the United States of America and III. Economic and Commercial Ukraine on the Elimination of Strategic Nu- Cooperation clear Arms, and the Prevention of Prolifera- The two leaders agree that expanded bilat- tion of Weapons of Mass Destruction of Oc- eral economic ties and commercial coopera-

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