Body Safety / Female Genital Mutilation
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Education Programme for Primary Schools Body Safety / Female Genital Mutilation MODULE 1/6 The Gender ABC project is coordinated by and implemented by Education Programme for Primary Schools This publication was funded by the European Union’s Rights, Body Safety / Female Genital Mutilation Equality and Citizenship Programme (2014-2020) This educational module was developed by Médicos del Mundo and APF – Associação para o Planeamento da Família in the framework of the project Gender ABC. The content of this publication represents the views of the authors only and is their sole responsibility. The European Commission does not accept any responsibility for use that may be made of the information it contains. Project nº 810148 Primary Schools Primary Schools Body Safety / Female Genital Mutilation Body Safety / Female Genital Mutilation Section I Summary INTRODUCTION Summary ............................................................................... 2 1. Purpose The World Health Organization defines “child maltreatment” as the abuse and neglect Section I - Introduction ........................................................... 3 that occurs to children under 18 years of age. This includes all types of physical and/or 1. Purpose 3 .............................................................................. emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect, negligence and commercial or other 2. Main topics ........................................................................ 4 forms of exploitation, which result in actual or potential harm to the child’s health, 3. Keywords ........................................................................... 4 survival, development or dignity in the context of a relationship of responsibility, trust 4. Learning objectives ............................................................ 4 or power. Available data also suggest that about 20% of women and 5-10% of men suffered sexual abuse as children1. 5. List of activities .................................................................. 5 Section II - Activities .............................................................. 6 According to the Council of Europe, it is estimated that in 70% to 85% of cases of abuse, the abuser is somebody the child knows and trusts, and is usually male. Approximately Activity 1: Our Amazing Bodies ............................................... 6 70% of perpetrators know their victims before abuse takes place, and which fall into • Background 6 ......................................................................... the first two categories listed below. Some of them hold prominent positions in the • Exercise 1 - Every Part Deserves a Proper Name ................ 7 community and use their status to gain easy access to children and the trust of their • Scenario .............................................................................. 7 families. • Brief ................................................................................... 8 Child sex abusers can be: • Exercise 2 - Bodily Integrity .................................................. 9 • Scenario ............................................................................. 9 • From a child’s family or family circle, including a parent, a step-parent, relative, or a family friend • Brief .................................................................................. 11 • From a child’s circle of trusted adults, including school staff, teachers, coaches, • Exercise 3 - Body Contact .................................................. 13 scout leaders, the clergy, doctors, care givers etc. • Scenario 13 ............................................................................ • Adolescents and children who sexually harm other children. Children in this category • Brief ................................................................................... 13 can be as young as 5 years old. The overwhelming majority of children in this category Activity 2: Feelings Game ....................................................... 14 are male. Few become adult sex offenders • Background ....................................................................... 14 • Child corrupters, or people who expose children to pornographic images or live sex performances, often to lower their inhibitions • Scenario ............................................................................ 15 • Users of online child pornography • Brief 17 .................................................................................. • Child traffickers who recruit children for child prostitution Activity 3: Happy Surprises vs Dangerous Secrets .................... 18 • Clients of prostitution who knowingly use the sexual services of a child2 • Background ....................................................................... 18 • Scenario ............................................................................ 18 Traditional harmful practices jeopardise women and girls’ body safety. This is the case for Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), i.e. all procedures involving partial or total removal • Brief .................................................................................. 23 of the female external genitalia or other injuries to the female genital organs for non- Session Plan ....................................................................... 24 medical reasons, as defined by the World Health Organization. Modules List ........................................................................ 25 1 World Health Organization, available online at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/child-maltreatment 2 Council of Europe, “One in five” Campaign, https://www.coe.int/t/dg3/children/1in5/WhatWeKnow/perpetrators_en.asp 2 3 Primary Schools Primary Schools Body Safety / Female Genital Mutilation Body Safety / Female Genital Mutilation FGM is a form of violence against women and girls that has a global presence. 5. Schools, teachers and educators should be aware of the risk factors, whilst avoiding List of activities the stigmatisation of the participants. The aim of this module is to ensure that participants are conscious that nobody can touch or change their body without their consent. Rather than frightening them, the module focuses on helping girls and boys to protect Activity name Target age Total duration Materials Importance4 themselves by increasing their skills to identify risk, address proper strategies and act against gender-based violence. Boys will learn that they cannot touch girls without • 2 simple outlines consent. of children’s bodies, one with vulva and one The module works on six messages that make participants able to more easily identify, with penis prevent and protect themselves from gender-based violence3: and testicles 1. My body belongs to me: No is No • 1 flipchart sheet 2. Body private parts puzzle with the outline of a 3. Safe and unsafe touching Our Amazing 1 6-8 years 45-60 minutes gender-neutral 4. Dangerous Secrets vs Happy Surprises Bodies body (cut in 9 5. Listen to your body: early warning signs equal pieces) 6. Trust network • 1 A3 paper sheet with a gender- neutral body 2. Main topics per group • Colour pencils • Human body: intimate parts or markers of 5 • Safe and unsafe touching different colours • Feelings/emotions and body language per group • Secrets vs happy surprises • Feelings game • Dice and colour chips 3. Keywords 6-8 years • Emotions flash Feelings Game 50 minutes 2 9-12 years cards Female genital mutilation • Intimate body parts • Emotions • White card Trust network • Body safety • Surprises vs secrets • Childrens scissors • Finger paint Happy Surprises 6-8 years 4. vs Dangerous 45 minutes • Scenario cards Learning objectives 3 9-12 years Secrets • Respect people’s boundaries regarding touching • Recognise emotions and trust body language • Identify the difference between dangerous secrets and happy surprises • Prevent gender-based violence • Prevent female genital mutilation 3 Educators can use the poster developed in several languages by Educate2Empower Publishing, available online at: 4 Activities are ranked from one to three stars, in increasing order of importance, i.e. three stars for “highly recommended”. https://e2epublishing.info/posters 4 5 Primary Schools Primary Schools Body Safety / Female Genital Mutilation Body Safety / Female Genital Mutilation Section II Exercise 1 – Every Part Deserves a Proper Name7 ACTIVITIES SCENARIO Activity 1 Our Amazing Bodies A Educators ask participants to name and touch body parts that all Total delivery Materials & Resources Target age people have in common such as head, forehead, ears, cheeks, chin, time 2 simple outlines of children’s 6-8 years nose, neck, shoulders, arms, elbows, wrists, hands, fingers, chest, 45 minutes bodies, one with vulva and one ribs, back, waist, hips, stomach, thighs, knees, calves, ankles, feet Preparation: 5 with penis and testicles5 Delivery: 30-45 and toes. Follow-up: 10 1 flipchart sheet puzzle with the outline of a gender-neutral body (cut in 9 equal pieces) B 1 A3 paper sheet with a gender-neutral body per group Then educators ask participants if there are any parts Colour pencils or markers of of the body they didn’t touch or name, take a few 5 different colours per group answers and write them on the board. These are body parts which are usually covered by underpants. optional Video “Safe touch/Unsafe touch”6 BACKGROUND C The aim of the activity is to help participants learn to integrate the sexual parts of Secondly, educators