DOCSLIB.ORG

We Do It Better HIGHLIGHTS of F2007

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
We Do It Better HIGHLIGHTS of F2007 2007 ANNUAL REPORT we do it better HIGHLIGHTS OF F2007 Record headline earnings, up by 161% to R1.2 billion First dividend declared of 150 cents per share Record sales of PGMs and iron, manganese and chrome ores Extensive capital programme undertaken during the year: Construction of 10 million tonnes per annum Khumani Iron Ore Mine on schedule Go-ahead for 6.7 million tonnes per annum Goedgevonden Coal Project and Richards Bay Coal Terminal entitlement of 3.2 million tonnes per annum achieved Expansion to 100 000 tonnes per month completed at Nkomati Mine, ahead of schedule and on budget 100% 100%** 51% 65% 16% Exploration Gold TEAL Harmony Platinum Ferrous Coal (primary listing on TSX) (primary listing on JSE) PGMs Iron Ore Zambia 10% 20% Xstrata Coal 50% Modikwa* 50% Beeshoek South Africa 100%•Konkola North 55% Two Rivers 50% Khumani 70% Mwambashi 51% Kafue JV Nickel, PGMs Manganese Ore 51% Goedgevonden 70% Copperbelt JV and chrome 50% Nchwaning 50% Nkomati 50% Gloria DRC 60% Kalumines Manganese Alloys PGM exploration 50% Cato Ridge (CR) Namibia 90% Kalplats 25% CR Alloys 100% Otjikoto Chrome Ore 50% Dwarsrivier Ferrochrome 50% Machadodorp * Assets held through the ARM ** Assets held through a 50% • Konkola North is subject to a Mining Consortium, effective shareholding in Assmang Limited buy-in right up to 20% (5% interest at 41.5%,the balance carried) by state-owned ZCCM held by the local communities Investment Holdings plc SOUTH AFRICAN OPERATIONS Modikwa Platinum Mine Beeshoek Iron Ore Dwarsriver Mine Chrome Goedgevonden Mine Coal Project Nchwaning & Gloria Kalplats PGM Two Rivers Manganese Exploration Limpopo Platinum CORPORATE PROFILE Mines Project Mine Gauteng African Rainbow Minerals Limited (ARM) is a leading, niche diversified Khumani North West Mpumalanga Iron Ore Mine mining and minerals company, based in Johannesburg, South Africa, with Free State excellent long-life low-cost assets in key commodities. The company KwaZulu- owns and operates most of its assets. ARM’s “We do it better” Natal Lesotho Northern Cape Nkomati management style is supported by experience and a focus on Mine entrepreneurship, which adds significant value to its business.An integral part of ARM’s business is the forging of partnerships with key players in Eastern Cape Cato Ridge the commodity sectors to ensure that ARM is at the forefront of Ferromanganese technological development and global practices and has access to key Works Western Cape markets and to value-generating growth opportunities. Machadodorp Ferrochrome Works ARM in its current form was formed in May 2004, to explore, Exploration Investments (Pty) Ltd (ARMI) were bolstered with EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT develop, operate and hold significant interests in the South the development of Modikwa Platinum Mine in a joint venture PROSPECTS HELD BY TEAL IN AFRICA African and African mining industry. The company has with Anglo Platinum Limited in 2001. ATTRIBUTABLE EBIT SEGMENTAL CONTRIBUTION interests in: (excluding exploration and corporate costs) ferrous metals through its holding in Assmang Limited; In May 2003, ARMgold merged with Harmony to create the platinum group metals (PGMs) and nickel held through world’s sixth largest gold company and, in May 2004, a range Platinum 37.0% a range of joint ventures and partnerships; of indivisible transactions involving certain interests of Avmin, Ferrous Metals 42.5% coal, through its interest in Xstrata Coal South Africa ARMgold and Harmony resulted in the formation of two Kalumines (XCSA) and the Goedgevonden Coal Project; Nickel 20.3% Copper- entities, Harmony in its current form and ARM. Cobalt exploration in copper, cobalt and other base metals Coal 0.2% Project outside of South Africa, through TEAL Exploration & Mining Incorporated (TEAL); In November 2005, ARM listed TEAL on the Toronto Stock gold, through its interest in Harmony Gold Mining Exchange and later on the JSE Limited, into which ARM’s non- Company Limited (Harmony). South African exploration portfolio was injected. This exploration portfolio includes copper projects in Zambia, a Copperbelt copper-cobalt project in the Democratic Republic of Congo Konkola Joint ARM’s history goes back much further, to 1933 when the North Venture Anglo-Transvaal Consolidated Investment Company Limited (DRC) and a gold project in Namibia. Copper DEMOCRATIC Exploration Project REPUBLIC Area was incorporated as a mining, finance and industrial holding OF THE CONGO (DRC) company. That group was unbundled in 1998, allowing The formation of ARM Coal, the company’s new coal Anglovaal Limited to focus on its core mining operations investment, was announced in February 2006. ARM Coal holds through Anglovaal Mining Limited (Avmin). a 20 percent interest in the existing coal operations of XCSA, Mwambashi Kafue Joint Copper Venture Exploration Project Zambia and a 51 percent interest in an unincorporated joint venture Area In 1994, ARM Executive Chairman Patrice Motsepe started which holds the Goedgevonden Coal Project. ARM has a direct Future Mining, a contract mining company which, following a 10% interest in the existing coal operations of XCSA. series of acquisitions of gold interests from Anglo American Namibia Corporation of South Africa Limited, led to the formation of Otjikoto Gold Project ARMgold. ARMgold Limited was listed in May 2002. The & Otavi Exploration platinum assets acquired in African Rainbow Minerals and Area SOUTH AFRICAN OPERATIONS Modikwa Platinum Mine Beeshoek Iron Ore Dwarsriver Mine Chrome Goedgevonden Mine Coal Project Nchwaning & Gloria Kalplats PGM Two Rivers Manganese Exploration Limpopo Platinum CORPORATE PROFILE Mines Project Mine Gauteng African Rainbow Minerals Limited (ARM) is a leading, niche diversified Khumani North West Mpumalanga Iron Ore Mine mining and minerals company, based in Johannesburg, South Africa, with Free State excellent long-life low-cost assets in key commodities. The company KwaZulu- owns and operates most of its assets. ARM’s “We do it better” Natal Lesotho Northern Cape Nkomati management style is supported by experience and a focus on Mine entrepreneurship, which adds significant value to its business.An integral part of ARM’s business is the forging of partnerships with key players in Eastern Cape Cato Ridge the commodity sectors to ensure that ARM is at the forefront of Ferromanganese technological development and global practices and has access to key Works Western Cape markets and to value-generating growth opportunities. Machadodorp Ferrochrome Works ARM in its current form was formed in May 2004, to explore, Exploration Investments (Pty) Ltd (ARMI) were bolstered with EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT develop, operate and hold significant interests in the South the development of Modikwa Platinum Mine in a joint venture PROSPECTS HELD BY TEAL IN AFRICA African and African mining industry. The company has with Anglo Platinum Limited in 2001. ATTRIBUTABLE EBIT SEGMENTAL CONTRIBUTION interests in: (excluding exploration and corporate costs) ferrous metals through its holding in Assmang Limited; In May 2003, ARMgold merged with Harmony to create the platinum group metals (PGMs) and nickel held through world’s sixth largest gold company and, in May 2004, a range Platinum 37.0% a range of joint ventures and partnerships; of indivisible transactions involving certain interests of Avmin, Ferrous Metals 42.5% coal, through its interest in Xstrata Coal South Africa ARMgold and Harmony resulted in the formation of two Kalumines (XCSA) and the Goedgevonden Coal Project; Nickel 20.3% Copper- entities, Harmony in its current form and ARM. Cobalt exploration in copper, cobalt and other base metals Coal 0.2% Project outside of South Africa, through TEAL Exploration & Mining Incorporated (TEAL); In November 2005, ARM listed TEAL on the Toronto Stock gold, through its interest in Harmony Gold Mining Exchange and later on the JSE Limited, into which ARM’s non- Company Limited (Harmony). South African exploration portfolio was injected. This exploration portfolio includes copper projects in Zambia, a Copperbelt copper-cobalt project in the Democratic Republic of Congo Konkola Joint ARM’s history goes back much further, to 1933 when the North Venture Anglo-Transvaal Consolidated Investment Company Limited (DRC) and a gold project in Namibia. Copper DEMOCRATIC Exploration Project REPUBLIC Area was incorporated as a mining, finance and industrial holding OF THE CONGO (DRC) company. That group was unbundled in 1998, allowing The formation of ARM Coal, the company’s new coal Anglovaal Limited to focus on its core mining operations investment, was announced in February 2006. ARM Coal holds through Anglovaal Mining Limited (Avmin). a 20 percent interest in the existing coal operations of XCSA, Mwambashi Kafue Joint Copper Venture Exploration Project Zambia and a 51 percent interest in an unincorporated joint venture Area In 1994, ARM Executive Chairman Patrice Motsepe started which holds the Goedgevonden Coal Project. ARM has a direct Future Mining, a contract mining company which, following a 10% interest in the existing coal operations of XCSA. series of acquisitions of gold interests from Anglo American Namibia Corporation of South Africa Limited, led to the formation of Otjikoto Gold Project ARMgold. ARMgold Limited was listed in May 2002. The & Otavi Exploration platinum assets acquired in African Rainbow Minerals and Area ARM PLATINUM ARM Platinum comprises ARM’s interests in During F2007, the platinum and nickel operations the following platinum and
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Annual Report 2011 Contents
    www.assmang.co.za Annual Report 2011 www.assmang.co.za Contents 2 Group profile 2 Forward looking statements 2 Salient features 3 Administration 4 Location of operations 5 Mineral Resources and Reserves 16 Corporate governance and responsibility 17 Five-year review 18 – 55 Annual financial statements 1 Annual Report 2011 Group profile Assmang Limited (“Assmang”), a company incorporated in the Republic of South Africa (Company registration number 1935/007343/06) and its joint venture and subsidiary companies (“Group”). The company mines manganese at Black Rock Mine and iron ore at Beeshoek and Khumani mines in the Northern Cape province and chrome ore at Dwarsrivier Mine in the Mpumalanga province. The company also produces manganese alloys at its works at Cato Ridge in the KwaZulu-Natal province, and chrome alloys and manganese alloys at its works at Machadodorp in the Mpumalanga province. Cato Ridge Alloys (Proprietary) Limited, a joint venture between the company and Mizushima Ferroalloys Company Limited (40%) and Sumitomo Corporation (10%), both of Japan, produces refined ferromanganese at Cato Ridge Works. Incorporated in 1935, the Group employs 5 716 (2010: 4 892) permanent employees and operates as three divisions, namely iron ore, manganese and chrome. Assmang is controlled jointly by African Rainbow Minerals Limited and Assore Limited, which each hold 50% of the issued share capital of the company. Both shareholders are listed on the JSE Limited (“JSE”). The bulk of the Group’s production is exported to the Far East, Europe and the United States of America. In addition to the export of ore, manganese ore is also transferred to the works at Cato Ridge and Machadodorp where it is used in the production of manganese alloys.
    [Show full text]
  • Physical and Chemical Characterization of the Manganese Ore Bed at the Mamatwan Mine, Kalahari Manganese Field
    Physical and chemical characterization of the manganese ore bed at the Mamatwan mine, Kalahari Manganese Field By PAULA CRISTINA CANASTRA RAMOS PRESTON DISSERTATION Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MAGISTER SCIENTAE in GEOLOGY in the FACULTY OF SCIENCE at the RAND AFRIKAANS UNIVERSITY Supervisor: Prof. N.J. Beukes Co-supervisor: Prof. J. Gutzmer AUGUST, 2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements i Abstract ii Chapter One: Introduction 1.1 Geographical setting 1 1.2 The Kalahari manganese field 2 1.3 Mamatwan mine 3 1.4 Previous work 4 1.5 Objective of this study 8 1.6 Analytical methods 8 Chapter Two: Geological Setting 2.1 Stratigraphy of the Transvaal Supergroup in Griqualand West 12 2.2 Geology of the Kalahari deposit 13 2.3 The geology at Mamatwan mine 17 Chapter Three: Lithostratigraphy 3.1 Introduction 19 3.2 Existing subdivision of the ore bed 20 3.3 New subdivision of the ore bed 22 3.4 Lateral variation 29 3.5 Discussion 29 Chapter Four: Petrography and Mineralogy 4.1 Introduction 35 4.2 Oxide mineralogy 37 4.3 Carbonate mineralogy 38 4.4 Petrographic description of lithostratigraphic zones 42 4.5 Discussion 52 Chapter Five: Geochemistry 5.1 Introduction 55 5.2 Major elements 55 5.3 Trace elements 61 5.4 Loss on ignition 63 5.5 Depositional Geochemical signatures 63 5.6 Carbonate stable isotope geochemistry 64 5.7 Discussion 70 Chapter Six: Density and Washability 6.1 Density measurements 74 6.2 Washability 77 6.3 Discussion 79 Chapter Seven: Conclusions 7.1 The diagenetic evolution of the Mamatwan-type ore 85 7.2 Cyclicity and lateral consistency of the ore bed 88 7.3 Recommendations for future mining and beneficiation at Mamatwan mine 90 References 96 Appendix I: Drill core logs 102 Appendix II: Whole rock geochemical data 127 Appendix III: Carbonate stable isotope geochemistry 130 Appendix IV: Density measurements 135 i Acknowledgements Without the participation and support of the following people and organizations, this study would not have been possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Iron Manganese Chrome Wonderstone
    Iron Manganese Chrome Wonderstone Iron Manganese Chrome eport 2011 R Integrated Annual ASSORE INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2011 Overburden drilling at Khumani. Assore Integrated Annual Report 2011 Contents Scope and boundary Scope and boundary Profile Profile 1 Assore Limited’s (“Assore” or “group”) first Organisational overview and activities integrated annual report (IR) covers the period Business model 2 1 July 2010 to 30 June 2011. Assore is a mining Assurance 3 holding company engaged principally in ventures History of the group 4 Group at a glance 6 report Integrated involving base minerals and metals. Group structure of operating companies 8 Location of operations 9 The group’s principal investment is a 50% interest Governance structure 10 in Assmang Limited (Assmang) which it controls Risks and opportunities jointly with African Rainbow Minerals Limited Operating context 11 (ARM). The group, through its various joint-venture Strategic objectives entities and subsidiary companies, is involved in Strategy 12 the mining of iron, manganese and chrome ores Key performance indicators 12 together with other industrial minerals and the Organisational performance production of manganese and chrome alloys. Financial highlights 13 The group is also responsible for marketing all Operational review and commentary 14 products produced by the group, the bulk of which Future performance objectives 20 is exported and the remainder either used in the Remuneration 20 group’s beneficiation processes or sold locally. Chairman’s review 22 Board of directors 26 Reviews and reports The company was incorporated in 1950 and its Mineral resources and reserves 28 shares are listed on the JSE Limited under “Assore” Corporate governance and risk in the general mining sector.
    [Show full text]
  • (Pty) Ltd Black Rock Mine Operations, Hotazel, Northern Cape
    ASSMANG (PTY) LTD BLACK ESCIENCE ROCK MINE OPERATIONS, ASSOCIATES (PTY) LTD HOTAZEL, NORTHERN CAPE: POSTAL ADDRESS: PO Box 2950 Saxonwold 2132 PHYSICAL ADDRESS: 9 Victoria Street Oaklands Johannesburg DRAFT BASIC ASSESSMENT 2192 REPORT TEL: +27 (0)11 718 6380 Department of Mineral Resources: FAX: 086 610 6703 23 MAY 2017 E-MAIL: [email protected] WEBSITE: www.escience.co.za DRAFT BASIC ASSESSMENT: ASSMANG (PTY) LTD BLACK ROCK MINE OPERATIONS, HOTAZEL, NORTHERN CAPE COMPILED BY EAP: EScience Associates PO Box 2950, Saxonwold, 2132 9 Victoria Street, Oaklands, Johannesburg, 2192 Tel: (011) 718 6380 Cell: 072 268 1119 Fax: 0866 924 840 E-mail: [email protected] ON BEHALF OF APPLICANT: Assmang (Pty) Ltd – Black Rock Mine Operations PO Box 187 Santoy Northern Cape 8491 Tel: (053) 751 5555 Fax: (053) 751 5251 E-mail: [email protected] 23 MAY 2018 Assmang (Pty) Ltd - Black Rock Mining Operations – Draft Basic Assessment Report EScience Associates (Pty) Ltd EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Assmang (Pty) Ltd mines manganese ore in the Black Rock area of the Kalahari, in the Northern Cape Province. The ore is mined from the Kalahari Manganese field. The Black Rock Mine Operations (BRMO) are approximately 80 kilometres north-west of the town of Kuruman, in close proximity to the town of Hotazel. BRMO proposes to upgrade ore handling and processing facilities at the Gloria Mine to replace existing ageing plant and equipment. The proposed upgrades include expansion of process water and potable water storage facilities. This requires an Environmental Authorisation (EA) in terms of National Environmental Management Act (Act 107 of 1998) [NEMA], therefore requiring a Basic Assessment (BA).
    [Show full text]
  • Zibulo Colliery (Underground)
    """ " """""" Report' Resource'Engineering' Company'Visits'2012''''' South'Africa' SME&TMS"Joint"Student"Chapter"Delft" 1" " When we were planning this trip we were sure about one thing, we are going to South Africa. Being a real ‘mining country’ with, amongst others, the deepest mines in the world South Africa was a great attraction to us. We knew some of the mines they had there but only because they were mentioned in lectures or maybe from Discovery Channel, we didn’t have a clue what it would be to be in one of those mines in real-life. To help organising the tour we found a very enthousiastic and helpful partner in the Mining Department of the University of Pretoria (Tuks). Coincidentally they were having their yearly excursion around the same time as we were there and they were about to visit some of the mines we wanted to see too. This sounded like a great opportunity to see some mines and meet some fellow mining engineering students too. So we did. As you can see in the programme we joint the Tuks group in our second week and had a great time with them. Meeting all this people from all different cultures and background was certainly a valuable addition to our excursion (and maybe even theirs too). The mines we saw were very impressive, some of a scale you cannot imagine without having been there. The variety of resources South Africa has is stunning, seeing how different approaches and methods are used to extract them makes it very interesting. Really being on site is when you realise why these Company Visits are so important.
    [Show full text]
  • FY14 Mineral Resources and Reserves Report
    Mineral Resources and Reserves report Joint venture – Assmang Competent person’s report on Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves The report is issued as the annual update of the Mineral Resources and Reserves to inform shareholders and potential investors of the mineral assets held by Assmang. Salient features 2014 The Measured and Indicated Mineral Resources for Village ore body increased by 9% to 44,09 million tons at a grade Beeshoek Mine of 64,36% Fe as a result of recent drilling and update of the resource model. The Mineral Reserve tonnage for King Pit increased from 315,68 at 64,64% Fe to 380,62 million tons at 64,47% Fe Khumani Mine mainly due to re-optimisation of the Pit. A total Mineral Reserve of 118,98 million tons at 40,9% Mn has been declared for Seam 2 after completion of Nchwaning Mine appropriate mine planning studies. General statement Assmang’s method of reporting Mineral generally using the CAE Studio 3 and Strat3D Shepherd Kadzviti graduated with a BSc and Resources and Mineral Reserves conforms software packages. MSc in Geology from the University of to the South African Code for Reporting Zimbabwe. He later completed a Graduate Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and The classification into Measured, Indicated Diploma in Mining Engineering (GDE) at the Mineral Reserves (SAMREC Code) of 2007, as and Inferred Mineral Resources is done by University of the Witwatersrand. He worked amended in 2009. It sets out minimum means of geostatistical parameters such as at RioZim’s Renco Gold Mine for 14 years in standards, recommendations and guidelines kriging efficiency, kriging variance, slope of various capacities of Geologist, Technical for Public Reporting of Exploration Results, regression and a combination of the number Services Superintendent and Mine Manager.
    [Show full text]
  • 15924 ARM RR Report Cover
    MINERAL RESOURCES AND MINERAL RESERVES 2017 We do it better OUR SUITE OF REPORTS and additional material are available at www.arm.co.za Integrated Annual Annual Financial Sustainability Report Statements Report INTEGRATED ANNUAL ANNUAL FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2017 STATEMENTS 2017 REPORT 2017 We do it better We do it better We do it better The Integrated The Annual The Sustainability Annual Report Financial Report provides presents a holistic Statements present detailed information view of ARM and the audited fi nancial about our discusses the statements which sustainable Company’s have been prepared development operational, in accordance with performance and fi nancial and the International how economic, sustainability Financial Reporting social and performance as Standards (IFRS). environmental well as its impacts are governance managed. The structures and Mineral Resources report addresses operating context. and Mineral those sustainability The report focuses Reserves Report issues that are on the Company’s material to ARM material matters and its MINERAL RESOURCES and strategy. AND MINERAL stakeholders. RESERVES 2017 Corporate King IV Governance Report Application Register CORPORATE We do it better GOVERNANCE CONTENTS REPORT 2017 The Mineral 2017 Report on Mineral Resources and Resources and Mineral Reserves Mineral Reserves – Introduction 1 KING IV APPLICATION Report is prepared REGISTER Salient features for 2017 2 in accordance with 2017 We do it better F2017 Mineral Resources and Mineral the South African We do it better Reserves Summary 3 Code for the This report Reporting of General statement 6 summarises our Exploration Results, The King IV Defi nitions 7 commitment to the Mineral Resources application register highest standards and Mineral summarises the Competence 8 of corporate Reserves (SAMREC King IV principles ARM Ferrous 9 governance and 2016).
    [Show full text]
  • (Pty) Ltd Black Rock Mine Operations, Hotazel, Northern Cape
    ASSMANG (PTY) LTD BLACK ESCIENCE ROCK MINE OPERATIONS, ASSOCIATES (PTY) LTD HOTAZEL, NORTHERN CAPE: POSTAL ADDRESS: PO Box 2950 Saxonwold 2132 PHYSICAL ADDRESS: 9 Victoria Street Oaklands Johannesburg BASIC ASSESSMENT REPORT 2192 TEL: +27 (0)11 718 6380 Department of Mineral Resources: Record Number: NC-00152-MR/102 FAX: 086 610 6703 22 July 2019 E-MAIL: [email protected] WEBSITE: www.escience.co.za BASIC ASSESSMENT REPORT: ASSMANG (PTY) LTD BLACK ROCK MINE OPERATIONS, HOTAZEL, NORTHERN CAPE COMPILED BY EAP: EScience Associates PO Box 2950, Saxonwold, 2132 9 Victoria Street, Oaklands, Johannesburg, 2192 Tel: (011) 718 6380 Cell: 072 268 1119 Fax: 0866 924 840 E-mail: [email protected] ON BEHALF OF APPLICANT: Assmang (Pty) Ltd – Black Rock Mine Operations PO Box 187 Santoy Northern Cape 8491 Tel: (053) 751 5555 Fax: (053) 751 5251 E-mail: [email protected] 22 July 2019 Assmang (Pty) Ltd - Black Rock Mining Operations –Basic Assessment Report EScience Associates (Pty) Ltd EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Assmang Black Rock Mining Operations (BRMO) (hereafter referred to as BRMO) has appointed EScience Associates (Pty) Ltd. (hereafter referred to as EScience), as an independent Environmental Assessment Practitioner (EAP), to undertake an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in support of environmental permitting applications for the proposed construction of a 2.5ML process water reservoir at their Gloria plant in the Northern Cape, approximately 80km north west of Kuruman and 10km west of Hotazel. The Gloria site is located within the Joe Morolong Local Municipality and the John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality in the Northern Cape Province. The nearest populated areas are Hotazel and Black Rock village located approximately 5 km South East and 9km North west of the Gloria site respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Magnetic Hausmannite from Hydrothermally Altered Manganese Ore in the Palaeoproterozoic Kalahari Manganese Deposit, Transvaal Supergroup, South Africa
    Magnetic hausmannite from hydrothermally altered manganese ore in the Palaeoproterozoic Kalahari manganese deposit, Transvaal Supergroup, South Africa J. GUTZMER,N. J. BEUK~S Department of Geology, Rand Afrikaans University, P.O.Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa A. S. E. KLEYENSTUBERAND A. M. BURGER MINTEK, Private Bag X3015, Randburg 2125, South Africa Abstract Hausmannite (Mn304), a manganese oxide with a tetragonally distorted spinel structure, is considered to be ferrimagnetic with a very low Curie temperature of 42.5 K. However, strongly magnetic hausmannite has been discovered in some of the hydrothermally altered high-grade manganese ores of the giant Kalahari manganese deposit in South Africa. EDS-electron microprobe analyses indicate magnetic hausmannite to contain on average between 3 and 11.3 wt.% Fe203. In contrast non-magnetic hausmannite contains on average about 1-3 wt.% Fe203. X-ray powder diffraction analyses reveal small changes in cell dimensions of the magnetic hausmannite related to the high iron content. M6ssbauer spectroscopy suggests that all iron is in the trivalent state. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (electron back-scatter imaging) proved the magnetic hausmannite to be homogeneous in composition, containing only a few minute inclusions of hematite. Magnetic blocking temperatures of the iron-rich hausmannite, approximating the Curie temperature, are of the order of 750 K. It is suggested that the ferrimagnetic state of hausmannite is stabilized and enhanced by replacement of Mn3+ by Fe3+. KEYWOm3S: hausmannite, Kalahari manganese field, Wessels mine, ferrimagnetism, iron content. Introduction and hausmannite, strongly attracted by a hand magnet. This paper documents the geological HAUSMANNITE, the manganese oxide (MnZ+Mn3+O4) setting and composition of this unusual hausmannite.
    [Show full text]
  • Mineral Resources and Reserves Report 2018 Contents
    MINERAL RESOURCES AND RESERVES REPORT 2018 CONTENTS What’s inside 01 Definitions 1 02 Resource-reserve categorisation 1 03 Assmang 2 Manganese mines 3 Iron ore mines 12 04 Assore subsidiary companies 20 Chromite mines 20 Pyrophyllite mine 30 MINERAL RESOURCES AND RESERVES REPORT DEFINITIONS A “Mineral Resource” is a concentration or occurrence of material of economic interest in or on the earth’s crust in such form, quality and quantity that there are reasonable and realistic prospects for eventual economic extraction. The location, quantity, grade, continuity and other geological characteristics of a Mineral Resource are known, or estimated from specific geological evidence, sampling and knowledge interpreted from an appropriately constrained and portrayed geological model. Mineral Resources are subdivided, and must be so reported, in order of increasing confidence in respect of geoscientific evidence, into Inferred, Indicated or Measured categories. An “Inferred Mineral is that part of a Mineral Resource for which volume or tonnage, grade and mineral content can be estimated Resource” with only a low level of confidence. It is inferred from geological evidence and sampling and assumed but not verified geologically or through analysis of grade continuity. It is based on information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that may be limited in scope or of uncertain quality and reliability. An “Indicated Mineral is that part of a Mineral Resource for which tonnage, densities, shape, physical characteristics, grade and Resource” mineral content can be estimated with a reasonable level of confidence. It is based on information from exploration, sampling and testing of material gathered from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes.
    [Show full text]
  • Open-Pit Mining
    OPEN-PIT MINING AFRICAN RAINBOW MINERALS 56 2007 Annual Report Competent Person’s Report on Ore Reserves and Mineral Resources This report is issued as the annual update of resources and reserves to inform shareholders and potential investors of the mineral assets held by ARM. 58 List of operating divisions, assets and type of operation 59 General statement 60 ARM Ferrous 60 Manganese mines 64 Iron ore mine and project 67 Chrome mine 69 ARM Platinum 69 Nkomati nickel/copper/cobalt/PGM/chrome mine and project 74 Two Rivers PGM mine 77 Modikwa PGM mine 80 Kalplats PGM project 83 ARM Coal 83 Goedgevonden Coal Project 84 Competence 85 Definitions AFRICAN RAINBOW MINERALS 2007 Annual Report 57 Asset location SOUTH AFRICAN OPERATIONS Modikwa Platinum Mine Beeshoek Iron Ore Dwarsriver Mine Chrome Goedgevonden Mine Coal Project Nchwaning & Gloria Kalplats PGM Two Rivers Manganese Exploration Limpopo Platinum Mines Project Mine Gauteng Khumani North West Mpumalanga Iron Ore Mine Free State KwaZulu- Natal Lesotho Northern Cape Nkomati Mine Eastern Cape Cato Ridge Ferromanganese Works Western Cape Machadodorp Ferrochrome Works AFRICAN RAINBOW MINERALS 58 2007 Annual Report General Statement ARM’s method of reporting Mineral Resources without dilution. Both are quoted at the grade project is less then 100%, the actual percentage and Mineral Reserves conforms to the South fed to the plant. Open cast Mineral Resources of the attributable interest is specified. African Code for Reporting Mineral Resources are quoted as in-situ tonnages and Mineral and Mineral Reserves (SAMREC Code) and the Reserves are tonnages falling within an ARM comprises various operating divisions with Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy economic pit-shell.
    [Show full text]
  • Mineral Reserves and Resources 2009 CONTENTS
    Mineral Reserves and Resources 2009 CONTENTS 01 Salient Features F2009 02 F2009 Mineral Resource/Reserves Summary 03 General Statement 04 Competence 05 ARM FERROUS Manganese Mines Iron Ore Mines Chrome Mine 15 ARM PLATINUM Nkomati Nickel/Copper/Cobalt/PGM/Chrome Mine Two Rivers Platinum Mine Modikwa Platinum Mine Kalplats Platinum Projects 26 ARM COAL Goedgevonden Coal Project 28 ARM EXPLORATION Otjikoto Gold Project Konkola North Copper Project Mwambashi Copper/Cobalt Project Kalumines Copper Project 30 Definitions COMPETENT PERSON’S REPORT ON ORE RESERVES AND MINERAL RESOURCES This report is issued as the annual update of resources and reserves to inform shareholders and potential investors of the mineral assets held by African Rainbow Minerals Limited (ARM). Salient Features F2009 Khumani c Production through the plant started in mid-2008, ramp-up to full production in progress. Reserves increased due to re-design of open pits at higher iron ore prices. Feasibility study to increase annual production from 10 mt to 16 mt. Beeshoek c Reserves increased due to the inclusion of the Village pit. Feasibility study on Village pit in progress. Nchwaning c Development into Graben area expedited and this will increase knowledge of geological structure. Gloria c Drilling in progress to increase geological knowledge to the west. Dwarsrivier c Geological model re-build using Datamine process SURFIP resulting in an increase in Resources and Reserves. Nkomati c Current Resource/Reserve statement reflects the annual depletion. Re-evaluation and pit optimisation in progress. Two Rivers c 15 additional boreholes were drilled – awaiting assay results for re-evaluation. Kalplats c Extensive exploration drilling increased the Mineral Resources at Kalplats by 60 mt.
    [Show full text]