IPv6 sera-t-il universel? Laurent Toutain March 28, 2014 IPv6 Benefits Addresses
32 128 Larger address space from 2 to 2
• Permanent address Stateless auto-configuration of hosts
• Layer 3 ”Plug & Play” Protocol Simple header Efficient routing ⇒ • No checksum • No fragmentation by routers
• Enhanced extension system
Slide 3 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6 Benefits Addresses
32 128 Larger address space from 2 to 2
• Permanent address Stateless auto-configuration of hosts
• Layer 3 ”Plug & Play” Protocol Simple header Efficient routing ⇒ • No checksum • No fragmentation by routers
• Enhanced extension system end to end, but. . .
Slide 3 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6 Benefits Addresses
32 128 Larger address space from 2 to 2
• Permanent address Stateless auto-configuration of hosts
• Layer 3 ”Plug & Play” Protocol Simple header Efficient routing ⇒ • No checksum • No fragmentation by routers
• Enhanced extension system end to end, but. . . Quality of service
Slide 3 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6 Benefits Addresses
32 128 Larger address space from 2 to 2
• Permanent address Stateless auto-configuration of hosts
• Layer 3 ”Plug & Play” Protocol Simple header Efficient routing ⇒ • No checksum • No fragmentation by routers
• Enhanced extension system end to end, but. . . Quality of service Better support of mobility
Slide 3 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6 Benefits Addresses
32 128 Larger address space from 2 to 2
• Permanent address Stateless auto-configuration of hosts
• Layer 3 ”Plug & Play” Protocol Simple header Efficient routing ⇒ • No checksum • No fragmentation by routers
• Enhanced extension system end to end, but. . . Quality of service Better support of mobility IPsec
Slide 3 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Notation
Slide 4 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6 addresses Addresses
F2C:544:9E::2:EF8D:6B7 F692:: A:1455::A:6E0 D:63:D::4:3A:55F B33:C::F2 7:5059:3D:C0::
9D::9BAC:B8CA:893F:80 1E:DE2:4C83::4E:39:F35:C875 2:: A:FDE3:76:B4F:D9D:: D6::
369F:9:F8:DBF::2 DD4:B45:1:C42F:BE6:75:: 9D7B:7184:EF::3FB:BF1A:D80 FE9::B:3
EC:DB4:B:F:F11::E9:090 83:B9:08:B5:F:3F:AF:B84 E::35B:8572:7A3:FB2 99:F:9:8B76::BC9
D64:07:F394::BDB:DF40:08EE:A79E AC:23:5D:78::233:84:8 F0D:F::F4EB:0F:5C7 E71:F577:ED:E:9DE8::
B::3 1D3F:A0AA:: 70:8EA1::8:D5:81:2:F302 26::8880:7 93:: F::9:0 E:2:0:266B::
763E:C:2E:1EB:F6:F4:14:16 E6:6:F4:B6:A888:979E:D78:09 9:754:5:90:0A78:A1A3:1:7 2:8::
97B:C4::C36 A40:7:5:7E8F:0:32EC:9A:D0 8A52::575 D::4CB4:E:2BF:5485:8CE 07:5::41 6B::A9:C
94FF:7B8::D9:51:26F 2::E:AE:ED:81 8241:: 5F97:: AD5B:259C:7DB8:24:58:552A:: 94:4:9FD:4:87E5::
5A8:2FF:1::CC EA:8904:7C:: 7C::D6B7:A7:B0:8B DC:6C::34:89 6C:1::5 7B3:6780:4:B1::E586
412:2:5E1:6DE5:5E3A:553:3:: 7F0:: B39::1:B77:DB 9D3:1F1:4B:3:B4E6:7681:09:D4A8 61:520::E0
1:28E9:0:095:DF:F2:: 1B61:4::1DE:50A 34BC:99::E9:9EFB E:EF:: BDC:672A:F4C8:A1::4:7:9CB7
C697:56AD:40:8:0::62
Slide 5 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Don’t Worry Addresses
Addresses are not random numbers...they are often easy to handle and even to memorize sometimes
Slide 6 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Notation Addresses
Base format (a 16-octet Global IPv6 Address):
• 2001:0db8:beef:0001:0000:0000:cafe:deca Compact Format:
2001:db8:beef:1::cafe:deca
1. Remove 0 on the left of each word 2. To avoid ambiguity, substitute ONLY one sequence of zeros by ::
an IPv4 address may also appear : ::ffff:192.0.2.1 Warning: 2001:db8:3::/40 is in fact 2001:db8:0003::/40 and not 2001:db8:0300::/40
Slide 7 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Is it enough for the future ? Addresses
Address length 38 • About 3.4x10 addresses • 60000 trillion trillion addresses per inhabitant on earth • Addresses for every grain of sands in the world • IPv4: 6 addresses per US inhabitant, 1 in Europe, 0.01 in China and 0.001 in India
Justification of a fixed-length address
Warning:
An address for everything on the network and not an address for everything No addresses for the whole life:
• Depends on your position on the network • ISP Renumbering may be possible
Slide 8 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Addressing scheme
Slide 10 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Addressing scheme Addresses
RFC 4291 defines current IPv6 addresses
• loopback (::1) • link local (fe80::/10) • global unicast (2000::/3) • multicast (ff00::/8) Use CIDR principles:
• Prefix / prefix length notation • 2001:db8:face::/48 • 2001:db8:face:bed:cafe:deca:dead:beef/64 Interfaces have several IPv6 addresses
• at least a link-local and a global unicast addresses
Slide 11 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Address Format
Slide 12 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Addressing Space Utilization Addresses
0000::/8 Reserved by IETF [RFC4291] 0100::/8 Reserved by IETF [RFC4291] 0200::/7 Reserved by IETF [RFC4048] 0400::/6 Reserved by IETF [RFC4291] 0800::/5 Reserved by IETF [RFC4291] 1000::/4 Reserved by IETF [RFC4291] 2000::/3 Global Unicast [RFC4291] 4000::/3 Reserved by IETF [RFC4291] 6000::/3 Reserved by IETF [RFC4291] 8000::/3 Reserved by IETF [RFC4291] a000::/3 Reserved by IETF [RFC4291] c000::/3 Reserved by IETF [RFC4291] e000::/4 Reserved by IETF [RFC4291] f000::/5 Reserved by IETF [RFC4291] F800::/6 Reserved by IETF [RFC4291] fc00::/7 Unique Local Unicast [RFC4193] fe00::/9 Reserved by IETF [RFC4291] fe80::/10 Link Local Unicast [RFC4291] fec0::/10 Reserved by IETF [RFC3879] ff00::/8 Multicast [RFC4291]
http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv6-address-space
Slide 13 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Address Format Addresses
Global Unicast Address:
3 45 16 64
001 Global Prefix SID Interface ID
public topology local topology link address given by the provider assigned by network engineer auto or manual configuration
Link-Local Address:
10 54 64
fe80 0...0 Interface ID
link address auto-configuration
Slide 14 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Interface Identifier Addresses
Interface ID can be selected differently Derived from a Layer 2 ID (I.e. MAC address) :
• for Link Local address • for Global Address : plug-and-play hosts Assigned manually :
• to keep same address when Ethernet card or host is changed • to remember easily the address − 1, 2, 3, ... − last digit of the v4 address − the IPv4 address (for nostalgic system administrators) − ...
Slide 16 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Interface Identifier Addresses
Interface ID can be selected differently Derived from a Layer 2 ID (I.e. MAC address) :
• for Link Local address • for Global Address : plug-and-play hosts Assigned manually :
• to keep same address when Ethernet card or host is changed • to remember easily the address − 1, 2, 3, ... − last digit of the v4 address − the IPv4 address (for nostalgic system administrators) − ...
Slide 16 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Interface Identifier Addresses
Interface ID can be selected differently Random value :
• Changed frequently (e.g, every day, per session, at each reboot...) to guarantee anonymity Hash of other values (experimental) :
• To link address to other properties • Public key • List of assigned prefixes • ...
Slide 17 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Interface Identifier Addresses
Interface ID can be selected differently Random value :
• Changed frequently (e.g, every day, per session, at each reboot...) to guarantee anonymity Hash of other values (experimental) :
• To link address to other properties • Public key • List of assigned prefixes • ...
Slide 17 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Some Well Known Multicast Addresses Addresses
8 4 4 112
ff 0 scope Group ID
ff02:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 All Nodes Address (link-local scope) ff02:0:0:0:0:0:0:2 All Routers Address ff02:0:0:0:0:0:0:5 OSPFIGP ff02:0:0:0:0:0:0:6 OSPFIGP Designated Routers ff02:0:0:0:0:0:0:9 RIP Routers ff02:0:0:0:0:0:0:fb mDNSv6 ff02:0:0:0:0:0:1:2 All-dhcp-agents ff02:0:0:0:0:1:ffxx:xxxx Solicited-Node Address ff05:0:0:0:0:0:1:3 All-dhcp-servers (site-local scope)
http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv6-multicast-addresses
Slide 26 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Some Well Known Multicast Addresses Addresses
8 4 4 112
ff 0 scope Group ID
ff02:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 All Nodes Address (link-local scope) ff02:0:0:0:0:0:0:2 All Routers Address ff02:0:0:0:0:0:0:5 OSPFIGP ff02:0:0:0:0:0:0:6 OSPFIGP Designated Routers ff02:0:0:0:0:0:0:9 RIP Routers ff02:0:0:0:0:0:0:fb mDNSv6 ff02:0:0:0:0:0:1:2 All-dhcp-agents ff02:0:0:0:0:1:ffxx:xxxx Solicited-Node Address ff05:0:0:0:0:0:1:3 All-dhcp-servers (site-local scope)
http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv6-multicast-addresses
Slide 26 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6 Header
Slide 29 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6 Packet : Simpler Protocol IPv6 Header
Definition
IPv6 header follows the same IPv4 principle:
• fixed address size ... but 4 times larger
• alignment on 64 bit words (instead of 32) Features not used in IPv4 are removed Minimum MTU 1280 Bytes
• If L2 cannot carry 1280 Bytes, then add an adaptation layer such as AAL5 for ATM or 6LoWPAN (RFC 4944 )forIEEE 802.15.4.
Goal :
Forward packet as fast as possible Less processing in routers More features at both ends
Slide 30 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv4 Header Protocol IPv6 Header
0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
Ver. IHL DiffServ Packet Length
Identifier flag Offset
TTL Protocol Checksum
Source Address
Destination Address
Options
Layer 4
Slide 31 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv4 Header Protocol IPv6 Header
0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
Ver. IHL DiffServ Packet Length
Identifier flag Offset
TTL Protocol Checksum
Source Address
Destination Address
Options
Layer 4
Slide 31 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv4 Header Protocol IPv6 Header
0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
Ver. DiffServ Packet Length
Identifier flag Offset
TTL Protocol Checksum
Source Address
Destination Address
Layer 4
Slide 31 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv4 Header Protocol IPv6 Header
0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
Ver. DiffServ Packet Length
TTL Protocol Checksum
Source Address
Destination Address
Layer 4
Slide 31 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv4 Header Protocol IPv6 Header
0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
Ver. DiffServ Packet Length
TTL Protocol
Source Address
Destination Address
Layer 4
Slide 31 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv4 Header Protocol IPv6 Header
0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
6 DiffServ Packet Length
TTL Protocol
Source Address
Destination Address
Layer 4
Slide 31 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv4 Header Protocol IPv6 Header
0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
6 DiffServ Packet Length
TTL Protocol
Source Address
Destination Address
Layer 4
Slide 31 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv4 Header Protocol IPv6 Header
0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
6 DiffServ
Payload Length
TTL Protocol
Source Address
Destination Address
Layer 4
Slide 31 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv4 Header Protocol IPv6 Header
0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
6 DiffServ
Payload Length Next header
TTL
Source Address
Destination Address
Layer 4Layer or extensions 4
Slide 31 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv4 Header Protocol IPv6 Header
0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
6 DiffServ
Payload Length Next header Hop Limit
Source Address
Destination Address
Layer 4Layer or extensions 4
Slide 31 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv4 Header Protocol IPv6 Header
0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
6 DiffServ
Payload Length Next header Hop Limit
Source Address
Destination Address
Layer 4Layer or extensions 4
Slide 31 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6 Header Protocol IPv6 Header
0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
6 DiffServ Flow Label
Payload Length Next header Hop Limit
Source Address
Destination Address
Layer 4 or extensions
Slide 31 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 ICMPv6
Slide 32 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 ICMPv6 Protocol IPv6 Header
ICMPv6 is different from ICMP for IPv4 (RFC 4443 )
• IPv6 (or extension): 58 Features are extended and better organized Never filter ICMPv6 messages blindly, be careful to what you do (see RFC 4890 ) Format :
0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
Type Code Checksum
Options
Precision type code nature of the message ICMPv6 code specifies the cause of the message ICMPv6 mandatory checksum used to verify the integrity of ICMP packet
Slide 33 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 ICMPv6 : Two Functions Protocol IPv6 Header
Error occurs during forwarding (value < 128) 1 Destination Unreachable 2 Packet Too Big 3 Time Exceeded 4 Parameter Problem Management Applications (value > 128) 128 Echo Request 129 Echo Reply 130 Group Membership Query 131 Group Membership Report 132 Group Membership Reduction 133 Router Solicitation 134 Router Advertissement 135 Neighbor Solicitation 136 Neighbor Advertissement 137 Redirect
Slide 34 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Neighbor Discovery
Slide 35 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Neighbor Discovery (RFC 4861 ) Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
IPv6 nodes sharing the same physical medium (link) use Neighbor Discovery (ND) to:
• determine link-layer addresses of their neighbors
− IPv4 : ARP
• Address auto-configuration
− Layer 3 parameters: IPv6 address, default route, MTU and Hop Limit − Only for hosts ! − IPv4 : impossible, mandate a centralized DHCP server
• Duplicate Address Detection (DAD)
− IPv4 : gratuitous ARP
• maintain neighbors reachability information (NUD) Mainly uses multicast addresses but also takes into account NBMA Networks (eg., ATM) Protocol packets are transported/encapsulated by/in ICMPv6 messages:
• Router Solicitation: 133 ; Router Advertisement: 134 ; Neighbor Solicitation: 135 ; Neighbor Advertisement: 136 ; Redirect: 137
Slide 36 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Neighbor Discovery (RFC 4861 ) Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
IPv6 nodes sharing the same physical medium (link) use Neighbor Discovery (ND) to:
• determine link-layer addresses of their neighbors
− IPv4 : ARP
• Address auto-configuration
− Layer 3 parameters: IPv6 address, default route, MTU and Hop Limit − Only for hosts ! − IPv4 : impossible, mandate a centralized DHCP server
• Duplicate Address Detection (DAD)
− IPv4 : gratuitous ARP
• maintain neighbors reachability information (NUD) Mainly uses multicast addresses but also takes into account NBMA Networks (eg., ATM) Protocol packets are transported/encapsulated by/in ICMPv6 messages:
• Router Solicitation: 133 ; Router Advertisement: 134 ; Neighbor Solicitation: 135 ; Neighbor Advertisement: 136 ; Redirect: 137
Slide 36 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Neighbor Discovery (RFC 4861 ) Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
IPv6 nodes sharing the same physical medium (link) use Neighbor Discovery (ND) to:
• determine link-layer addresses of their neighbors
− IPv4 : ARP
• Address auto-configuration
− Layer 3 parameters: IPv6 address, default route, MTU and Hop Limit − Only for hosts ! − IPv4 : impossible, mandate a centralized DHCP server
• Duplicate Address Detection (DAD)
− IPv4 : gratuitous ARP
• maintain neighbors reachability information (NUD) Mainly uses multicast addresses but also takes into account NBMA Networks (eg., ATM) Protocol packets are transported/encapsulated by/in ICMPv6 messages:
• Router Solicitation: 133 ; Router Advertisement: 134 ; Neighbor Solicitation: 135 ; Neighbor Advertisement: 136 ; Redirect: 137
Slide 36 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Neighbor Discovery (RFC 4861 ) Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
IPv6 nodes sharing the same physical medium (link) use Neighbor Discovery (ND) to:
• determine link-layer addresses of their neighbors
− IPv4 : ARP
• Address auto-configuration
− Layer 3 parameters: IPv6 address, default route, MTU and Hop Limit − Only for hosts ! − IPv4 : impossible, mandate a centralized DHCP server
• Duplicate Address Detection (DAD)
− IPv4 : gratuitous ARP
• maintain neighbors reachability information (NUD) Mainly uses multicast addresses but also takes into account NBMA Networks (eg., ATM) Protocol packets are transported/encapsulated by/in ICMPv6 messages:
• Router Solicitation: 133 ; Router Advertisement: 134 ; Neighbor Solicitation: 135 ; Neighbor Advertisement: 136 ; Redirect: 137
Slide 36 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Neighbor Discovery (RFC 4861 ) Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
IPv6 nodes sharing the same physical medium (link) use Neighbor Discovery (ND) to:
• determine link-layer addresses of their neighbors
− IPv4 : ARP
• Address auto-configuration
− Layer 3 parameters: IPv6 address, default route, MTU and Hop Limit − Only for hosts ! − IPv4 : impossible, mandate a centralized DHCP server
• Duplicate Address Detection (DAD)
− IPv4 : gratuitous ARP
• maintain neighbors reachability information (NUD) Mainly uses multicast addresses but also takes into account NBMA Networks (eg., ATM) Protocol packets are transported/encapsulated by/in ICMPv6 messages:
• Router Solicitation: 133 ; Router Advertisement: 134 ; Neighbor Solicitation: 135 ; Neighbor Advertisement: 136 ; Redirect: 137
Slide 36 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Neighbor Discovery (RFC 4861 ) Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
IPv6 nodes sharing the same physical medium (link) use Neighbor Discovery (ND) to:
• determine link-layer addresses of their neighbors
− IPv4 : ARP
• Address auto-configuration
− Layer 3 parameters: IPv6 address, default route, MTU and Hop Limit − Only for hosts ! − IPv4 : impossible, mandate a centralized DHCP server
• Duplicate Address Detection (DAD)
− IPv4 : gratuitous ARP
• maintain neighbors reachability information (NUD) Mainly uses multicast addresses but also takes into account NBMA Networks (eg., ATM) Protocol packets are transported/encapsulated by/in ICMPv6 messages:
• Router Solicitation: 133 ; Router Advertisement: 134 ; Neighbor Solicitation: 135 ; Neighbor Advertisement: 136 ; Redirect: 137
Slide 36 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Stateless Auto-configuration: Basic Principles Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
Slide 37 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Stateless Auto-configuration: Basic Principles Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
t=0
fe80::IID1 α::IID1/64
Time t=0: Router is configured with a link-local address and manually configured with a global address (α::/64 is given by the network administrator)
Slide 37 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Stateless Auto-configuration: Basic Principles Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
t=1 : Node Attachment
fe80::IID1 fe80::IID2 α::IID1/64
Host constructs its link-local address based on the interface MAC address
Slide 37 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Stateless Auto-configuration: Basic Principles Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
t=2
fe80::IID1 fe80::IID2 α::IID1/64
::/0 -> solicited (fe80:IID2) : NS (who has fe80::IID2?)
Host does a DAD (i.e. sends a Neighbor Solicitation to query resolution of its own address (tentative): no answers means no other host has this value).
Slide 37 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Stateless Auto-configuration: Basic Principles Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
t=3
fe80::IID1 fe80::IID2 α::IID1/64
fe80::IID2 -> ff02::2 : RS
Host sends a Router Solicitation to the Link-Local All-Routers Multicast group using the newly link-local configured address
Slide 37 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Stateless Auto-configuration: Basic Principles Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
t=4
fe80::IID1 fe80::IID2 α::IID1/64 fe80::IID1 -> fe80::IID2 RA (α::/64, DHCPv6, MTU=1500, HL=64, bit M=1)
Router directly answers the host using Link-local addresses. The answer may contain a/several prefix(es). Router can also mandate hosts to use DHCPv6 to obtain prefixes (statefull auto-configuration) and/or other parameters (DNS servers. . . ): Bit M = 1.
Slide 37 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Stateless Auto-configuration: Basic Principles Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
t=5
fe80::IID1 fe80::IID2 α::IID1/64
::/0 -> solicited (α:IID2) : NS (who has α::IID2?)
Host does a DAD (i.e. sends a Neighbor Solicitation to query resolution of its own global address: no answers means no other host as this value).
Slide 37 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Stateless Auto-configuration: Basic Principles Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
t=6
fe80::IID1 fe80::IID2 α::IID1/64 α::IID2/64
Host sets the global address and takes answering router as the default router.
Slide 37 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Stateless DHCPv6 (RFC 3736 ): With static parameters Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
fe80::IID1 fe80::IID2 α::IID1/64 α::IID2/64 fe80::IID2 -> ff02::1:2 Information-Request
Host needs only static parameters (DNS, NTP,...). It sends an Information-Request message to All DHCP Agents multicast group. The scope of this address is link-local.
Slide 43 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Stateless DHCPv6 (RFC 3736 ): With static parameters Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
γ :: IID > ff 05 :: 1 : 3 : relay-frw[Information-request] −
fe80::IID1 fe80::IID2 α::IID1/64 α::IID2/64
A relay (generally the router) encapsulates the request into a Forward message and sends it either to the All DHCP Servers site-local multicast group or to a list of pre-defined unicast addresses.
Slide 43 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Stateless DHCPv6 (RFC 3736 ): With static parameters Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
:: IID > γ :: IID : relay-reply[parameters, DNS,...] −
fe80::IID1 fe80::IID2 α::IID1/64 α::IID2/64
The server responds to the relay
Slide 43 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Stateless DHCPv6 (RFC 3736 ): With static parameters Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
fe80::IID1 fe80::IID2 α::IID1/64 α::IID2/64 fe80::IID1 -> fe80::IID2 parameters: DNS,...
The router extracts information from the message to create answer and sends information to the host
Slide 43 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Stateless DHCPv6 (RFC 3736 ): With static parameters Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
DNS
fe80::IID1 fe80::IID2 α::IID1/64 α::IID2/64
Host is now configured to resolve domain names through the DNS
Slide 43 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Stateless vs Stateful
Slide 58 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Auto-configuration: Stateless vs. Stateful Associated Protocols & Mechanisms
Stateless Stateful (DHCPv6) Pro: Pro: Reduce manual configuration Control of addresses on the No server, no state (the router LAN provides all information) Control of address format Cons: Cons: Non-obvious addresses Requires an extra server No control on addresses on the LAN Still needs RA mechanism Clients to be deployed
Stateless: Typically, for Plug-and-Play networks (Home Network) Stateful: Typically, for administrated networks (enterprise, institution)
Slide 59 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Wireless Sensor Network IETF Working Groups
Allow end-to-end communication.
• Not the main feature. L2 Independant Reduce interconnection costs IPv6, ... but:
• IPv6 packet are too big
− Compress them
• IPv6 is not energy aware
− Reduce packet size and control plane traffic
• IPv6 link is not well defined
− Neighbor Discovery Protocol must be improved
• IPv6 routing protocols (even Manet) are too expensive
− Define a new routing protocol for LoWPAN
• IPv6 End-to-end is insecure
− Define standard ALG to relay messages, based on REST
Slide 61 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Wireless Sensor Network IETF Working Groups
Allow end-to-end communication.
• Not the main feature. L2 Independant Reduce interconnection costs IPv6, ... but:
• IPv6 packet are too big
− Compress them
• IPv6 is not energy aware
− Reduce packet size and control plane traffic
• IPv6 link is not well defined
− Neighbor Discovery Protocol must be improved
• IPv6 routing protocols (even Manet) are too expensive
− Define a new routing protocol for LoWPAN
• IPv6 End-to-end is insecure
− Define standard ALG to relay messages, based on REST
Slide 61 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Wireless Sensor Network IETF Working Groups
Allow end-to-end communication.
• Not the main feature. L2 Independant Reduce interconnection costs IPv6, ... but:
• IPv6 packet are too big
− Compress them
• IPv6 is not energy aware
− Reduce packet size and control plane traffic
• IPv6 link is not well defined
− Neighbor Discovery Protocol must be improved
• IPv6 routing protocols (even Manet) are too expensive
− Define a new routing protocol for LoWPAN
• IPv6 End-to-end is insecure
− Define standard ALG to relay messages, based on REST
Slide 61 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Wireless Sensor Network IETF Working Groups
Allow end-to-end communication.
• Not the main feature. L2 Independant Reduce interconnection costs IPv6, ... but:
• IPv6 packet are too big
− Compress them
• IPv6 is not energy aware
− Reduce packet size and control plane traffic
• IPv6 link is not well defined
− Neighbor Discovery Protocol must be improved
• IPv6 routing protocols (even Manet) are too expensive
− Define a new routing protocol for LoWPAN
• IPv6 End-to-end is insecure
− Define standard ALG to relay messages, based on REST
Slide 61 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Wireless Sensor Network IETF Working Groups
Allow end-to-end communication.
• Not the main feature. L2 Independant Reduce interconnection costs IPv6, ... but:
• IPv6 packet are too big
− Compress them
• IPv6 is not energy aware
− Reduce packet size and control plane traffic
• IPv6 link is not well defined
− Neighbor Discovery Protocol must be improved
• IPv6 routing protocols (even Manet) are too expensive
− Define a new routing protocol for LoWPAN
• IPv6 End-to-end is insecure
− Define standard ALG to relay messages, based on REST
Slide 61 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Wireless Sensor Network IETF Working Groups
Allow end-to-end communication.
• Not the main feature. L2 Independant Reduce interconnection costs IPv6, ... but:
• IPv6 packet are too big
− Compress them
• IPv6 is not energy aware
− Reduce packet size and control plane traffic
• IPv6 link is not well defined
− Neighbor Discovery Protocol must be improved
• IPv6 routing protocols (even Manet) are too expensive
− Define a new routing protocol for LoWPAN
• IPv6 End-to-end is insecure
− Define standard ALG to relay messages, based on REST
Slide 61 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Wireless Sensor Network IETF Working Groups
Allow end-to-end communication.
• Not the main feature. L2 Independant Reduce interconnection costs IPv6, ... but:
• IPv6 packet are too big
− Compress them
• IPv6 is not energy aware
− Reduce packet size and control plane traffic
• IPv6 link is not well defined
− Neighbor Discovery Protocol must be improved
• IPv6 routing protocols (even Manet) are too expensive
− Define a new routing protocol for LoWPAN
• IPv6 End-to-end is insecure
− Define standard ALG to relay messages, based on REST
Slide 61 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Wireless Sensor Network IETF Working Groups
Allow end-to-end communication.
• Not the main feature. L2 Independant Reduce interconnection costs IPv6, ... but:
• IPv6 packet are too big
− Compress them
• IPv6 is not energy aware
− Reduce packet size and control plane traffic
• IPv6 link is not well defined
− Neighbor Discovery Protocol must be improved
• IPv6 routing protocols (even Manet) are too expensive
− Define a new routing protocol for LoWPAN
• IPv6 End-to-end is insecure
− Define standard ALG to relay messages, based on REST
Slide 61 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Wireless Sensor Network IETF Working Groups
Allow end-to-end communication.
• Not the main feature. L2 Independant Reduce interconnection costs IPv6, ... but:
• IPv6 packet are too big
− Compress them
• IPv6 is not energy aware
− Reduce packet size and control plane traffic
• IPv6 link is not well defined
− Neighbor Discovery Protocol must be improved
• IPv6 routing protocols (even Manet) are too expensive
− Define a new routing protocol for LoWPAN
• IPv6 End-to-end is insecure
− Define standard ALG to relay messages, based on REST
Slide 61 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Wireless Sensor Network IETF Working Groups
Allow end-to-end communication.
• Not the main feature. L2 Independant Reduce interconnection costs IPv6, ... but:
• IPv6 packet are too big
− Compress them
• IPv6 is not energy aware
− Reduce packet size and control plane traffic
• IPv6 link is not well defined
− Neighbor Discovery Protocol must be improved
• IPv6 routing protocols (even Manet) are too expensive
− Define a new routing protocol for LoWPAN
• IPv6 End-to-end is insecure
− Define standard ALG to relay messages, based on REST
Slide 61 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6 too big IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
and L2 frames are too small.
With IPv6 header Compression Router Advertissement Discr. IPHC HC values ICMPv6 < 67 3b 13b variable 16 No Compression Router Advertissement Discr. IPv6 ICMPv6 < 45 1 40 16
Frame Sequence Addressing FCS Control Number Field 2 1 4to20 2
0to127 preamble SDFLen.
4 1 1
Slide 62 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Discriminator values IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
01 000001 Uncompressed IPv6 01 000010 Compressed IPv6 (obsolete) 01 010000 Broadcast
• Used to suppress routing loops 01 1 Compressed header (new version) 10 xxxxxx MESH
• Kind of tunnel to carry source and destination addresses 11 000xxx Fragmentation (first)? 11 100xxx Fragmentation (subsequent) Discriminator cannot be used to identify Zigbee traffic.
Slide 63 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 2 models IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Mesh-Under
• L2 allows relaying between nodes • From IPv6, network appears as a link • 6LoWPAN adds two Dispatch values (Mesh and Broadcast) Route-Over
• Routing (L3) is running on some nodes • Change for traditional IPv6 link model (no routers) Terminology:
• 6LBR: Border Router (between LoWPAN and Internet) • 6LR: Node with routing protocol • 6LN: Node without routing/forwarding capabilities
Slide 64 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
1 2
Slide 65 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
1 2 Star
Slide 65 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5 Mesh 6 Under
1 2 7
4
3 Slide 65 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5 Mesh 6 Under
IPv6 1 2 7
4
3 Slide 65 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5 Mesh 6 Under
IPv6 6LP 1 2 7
4
3 Slide 65 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5 Mesh 6 Under L2 Mesh
1 2 1 7 → → IPv6 6LP 1 2 7
4
3 Slide 65 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5 Mesh 6 Under L2 Mesh
1 2 1 7 → → IPv6 6LP 6LP IPv6 1 2 7 L2 Mesh L2 Mesh
2 4 1 7 4 7 1 7 → → → →
4
3 Slide 65 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5 Mesh 6 Under L2 Mesh
1 2 1 7 → → IPv6 6LP 6LP IPv6 1 2 7 Mesh Under: L2 Mesh L2 Mesh 2 4 1 7 4 7 1 7 - L2 is viewed as a link (single→ → prefix)→ → - Lot of Broadcasts (high energy consumption) - How to build bridging table4 ? (not IETF business)
3 Slide 65 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example : Simple AODV (LOAD) IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
s
Slide 66 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example : Simple AODV (LOAD) IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
s
Rreq s? Rreq
s?
Slide 66 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example : Simple AODV (LOAD) IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
s
s?
Rreq s? s?
Rreq
s?
Slide 66 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example : Simple AODV (LOAD) IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
s
s?
Rreq Rreq s? Rreq s?
s? s?
s?
Slide 66 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example : Simple AODV (LOAD) IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
s
Rreq s? Rreq
s? Rreq s? Rreq
Rreq s? s? s?
s? s?
s?
Slide 66 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example : Simple AODV (LOAD) IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
s
Rresp Rresp
Rresp Rresp
Slide 66 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN: broadcast IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5 Mesh 6 Under
IPv6 ( )6LP →∗ 1 2 7
4
3 Slide 67 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN: broadcast IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5
Broad IPv6 6 Mesh 123 1 →∗ Under
Broad IPv6 IPv6 ( ) →∗6LP 123 1 1 →∗ 2 7
Broad IPv6
123 1 →∗ 4
3 Slide 67 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN: broadcast IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5 Broad IPv6 123 1 →∗ Broad IPv6 6 Mesh 123 1 Broad IPv6 →∗ Broad IPv6 Under 123 1 123 1 →∗ →∗ Broad IPv6 IPv6 ( ) →∗6LP 123 1 1 →∗ 2 7 Broad IPv6 Broad IPv6
Broad IPv6 Broad IPv6 123 1 123 1 →∗ →∗ 123 1 123 1 →∗ →∗ Broad IPv6 4 123 1 →∗ 3 Slide 67 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN: Route Over IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5
6
1 2 7
4
3 Slide 68 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN: Route Over IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5
6
IPv6 1 2 7
4
3 Slide 68 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN: Route Over IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5
6
IPv6 6LP 1 2 7
4
3 Slide 68 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN: Route Over IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5
6
IPv6
IPv6 6LP 1 7 1 → 2 7
4
3 Slide 68 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN: Route Over IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5
6
IPv6
IPv6 6LP 1 7 6LP 1 → 2 7
4
3 Slide 68 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN: Route Over IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5
6
IPv6
IPv6 6LP 1 7 6LP 1 → 2 7
4
3 Slide 68 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN: Route Over IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5
6
IPv6
IPv6 6LP 1 7 6LP 1 → 6LP2 7
4
3 Slide 68 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN: Route Over IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5
6
IPv6
IPv6 6LP 1 7 6LP 1 → 6LP2 7
4
3 Slide 68 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN: Route Over IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5
6
IPv6
IPv6 6LP 1 7 6LP IPv6 1 → 6LP2 6LP7 IPv6 IPv6
1 7 1 7 → →
6LP6LP 4
3 Slide 68 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN: Route Over IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
5
6
IPv6
IPv6 6LP 1 7 6LP IPv6 1 → 6LP2 6LP7 Route Over: IPv6 IPv6 1 7 1 7 - ad-hoc network (addresses→ not prefixes)→
- May avoid boradcast 6LP6LP - Routing protocol (IETF scope) RPL 4 ⇒
3 Slide 68 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 6LoWPAN IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
6LoWPAN (RFC4944) or draft:
• Compression of the IPv6 header
011 TF NH HLIM
CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM
Header fields. . .
Create contexts for well-known prefixes
Slide 69 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Bitmap IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
TF:DiffServ Field (DSCP: 6 bits), the Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN: 2 bits) and the flow label (20 bits) NH:0sentininHeaderfield,1L4DispatchafterHeader (allow L4 compression) HLIM:wellknowvalues CID: Add a context to allow 16 source and destination prefixes
Slide 70 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 SAC and SAM: Source Address Compression IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN SAC 00 01 10 11 SAM \ IID 64 first pre- 112 first pre- 128 are elided fix bits are fix bits are elided, IID is elided, last 16 fully sent IID bits are sent
0: Address is send com- prefix is FE80::/64 prefix is prefix is FE80::/64 pletely (Link Local FE80::0:ff:fe00: and IID is taken from LL and Global) /112 L2 source address. 1: Unspecified address prefix is given by the prefix is given prefix is given by the (::/0 (fully elided)) context by the context, contect and IID is Global IID starts with taken from L2 source 0000:00ff:fe00: address. and 16 bits inline
Slide 71 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 M, DAC and DAM: Dest. Address Compression IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
M-DAC 00 01 10 11 DAM \ 00 Address is send com- prefix is FE80::/64 prefix is prefix is FE80::/64 Link pletely (Link Local FE80::0:ff:fe00: and IID is taken from Local and Global) /112 L2 source address.
01 reserved prefix is given by the prefix is given prefix is given by the Global context by the context, contect and IID is IID starts with taken from L2 source 0000:00ff:fe00: address. and 16 bits inline
10 lo- Address is send com- 48 bits are sent 32 bits are sent 8bitsaresentin- cal Mul- pletely in-line and are spread in-line and are spread line and are spread ticast in a multicast address in a multicast address in a multicast ad- the following way the following way dress the following FFXX::00XX:XXXX: FFXX::00XX:XXXX way FF02::00XX XXXX
11 48 bits are sent. They reserved reserved reserved Global are used for large Multi- scale multicast as de- cast fined in RFC 3956 .Contextvalue contains the Rendez- vous Point address
Slide 72 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
6 e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 a f f f e 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 011 TF NH HLIM 0 2 0 1 6 4 f f f e 2 f f c 0 a CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM f f 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Header fields. . . 8 6 0 0 8 b a 3 4 0 0 0 0 7 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 4 2 f f c 0 a 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 d c 0 3 0 4 4 0 c 0 0 0 2 7 8 d 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 a 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slide 73 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version
6 e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 a f f f e 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 011 TF NH HLIM 0 2 0 1 6 4 f f f e 2 f f c 0 a CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM f f 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Header fields. . . 8 6 0 0 8 b a 3 4 0 0 0 0 7 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 4 2 f f c 0 a 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 d c 0 3 0 4 4 0 c 0 0 0 2 7 8 d 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 a 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slide 73 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label DS 6 e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 a f f f e 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 011 TF NH HLIM 0 2 0 1 6 4 f f f e 2 f f c 0 a CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM f f 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Header fields. . . 8 6 0 0 8 b a 3 4 0 0 0 0 7 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 4 2 f f c 0 a 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 d c 0 3 0 4 4 0 c 0 0 0 2 7 8 d 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 a 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slide 73 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label DS Length 6 e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 a f f f e 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 011 TF NH HLIM 0 2 0 1 6 4 f f f e 2 f f c 0 a CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM f f 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Header fields. . . 8 6 0 0 8 b a 3 4 0 0 0 0 7 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 4 2 f f c 0 a 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 d c 0 3 0 4 4 0 c 0 0 0 2 7 8 d 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 a 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slide 73 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length 6 e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 a f f f e 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 011 TF NH HLIM 0 2 0 1 6 4 f f f e 2 f f c 0 a CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM f f 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Header fields. . . 8 6 0 0 8 b a 3 4 0 0 0 0 7 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 4 2 f f c 0 a 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 d c 0 3 0 4 4 0 c 0 0 0 2 7 8 d 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 a 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slide 73 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length HLim 6 e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 a f f f e 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 011 TF NH HLIM 0 2 0 1 6 4 f f f e 2 f f c 0 a CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM f f 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Header fields. . . 8 6 0 0 8 b a 3 4 0 0 0 0 7 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 4 2 f f c 0 a 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 d c 0 3 0 4 4 0 c 0 0 0 2 7 8 d 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 a 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slide 73 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length HLim 6 e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 a f f f e 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 011 TF NH HLIM Source 0 2 0 1 6 4 f f f e 2 f f c 0 a Address CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM f f 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Dest. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Address Header fields. . . 8 6 0 0 8 b a 3 4 0 0 0 0 7 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 4 2 f f c 0 a 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 d c 0 3 0 4 4 0 c 0 0 0 2 7 8 d 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 a 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slide 73 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length HLim 6 e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 a f f f e 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 011 TF NH HLIM Source 0 2 0 1 6 4 f f f e 2 f f c 0 a Address CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM f f 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Dest. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Address Header fields. . . 8 6 0 0 8 b a 3 4 0 0 0 0 7 0 8 Data 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 4 2 f f c 0 a 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 d c 0 3 0 4 4 0 c 0 0 0 2 7 8 d 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 a 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slide 73 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length HLim 6 e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 a f f f e 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 011011 10TF NH HLIM Source 0 2 0 1 6 4 f f f e 2 f f c 0 a Address CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM f f 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Dest. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Address HeaderE0 fields. . . 8 6 0 0 8 b a 3 4 0 0 0 0 7 0 8 Data 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 4 2 f f c 0 a 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 d c 0 3 0 4 4 0 c 0 0 0 2 7 8 d 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 a 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slide 73 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length HLim 6 e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 a f f f e 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 011011 10TF NH0 HLIM Source 0 2 0 1 6 4 f f f e 2 f f c 0 a Address CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM f f 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Dest. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Address HeaderE0 fields.3A . . 8 6 0 0 8 b a 3 4 0 0 0 0 7 0 8 Data 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 4 2 f f c 0 a 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 d c 0 3 0 4 4 0 c 0 0 0 2 7 8 d 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 a 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slide 73 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length HLim 6 e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 a f f f e 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 011011 10TF NH0 HLIM11 Source 0 2 0 1 6 4 f f f e 2 f f c 0 a Address CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM f f 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Dest. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Address HeaderE0 fields.3A . . 8 6 0 0 8 b a 3 4 0 0 0 0 7 0 8 Data 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 4 2 f f c 0 a 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 d c 0 3 0 4 4 0 c 0 0 0 2 7 8 d 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 a 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slide 73 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length HLim 6 e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 a f f f e 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 011011 10TF NH0 HLIM11 Source 0 2 0 1 6 4 f f f e 2 f f c 0 a Address CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM f f 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Dest. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Address HeaderE0 fields.3A . . 8 6 0 0 8 b a 3 4 0 0 0 0 7 0 8 Data 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 4 2 f f c 0 a 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 d c 0 3 0 4 4 0 c 0 0 0 2 7 8 d 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 a 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slide 73 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length HLim 6 e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 a f f f e 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 011011 10TF NH0 HLIM11 Source 0 2 0 1 6 4 f f f e 2 f f c 0 a Address CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM f f 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 Dest. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Address HeaderE0 fields.3A . . 8 6 0 0 8 b a 3 4 0 0 0 0 7 0 8 Data 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 4 2 f f c 0 a 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 d c 0 3 0 4 4 0 c 0 0 0 2 7 8 d 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 a 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slide 73 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length HLim 6 e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 a f f f e 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 011011 10TF NH0 HLIM11 Source 0 2 0 1 6 4 f f f e 2 f f c 0 a Address CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM f f 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 1 0 11 Dest. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Address HeaderE0 fields.3A . . 02 8 6 0 0 8 b a 3 4 0 0 0 0 7 0 8 Data 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 4 2 f f c 0 a 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 d c 0 3 0 4 4 0 c 0 0 0 2 7 8 d 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 a 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slide 73 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length HLim 6 e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 a f f f e 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 011011 10TF NH0 HLIM11 Source 0 2 0 1 6 4 f f f e 2 f f c 0 a Address CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM f f 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 1 0 11 Dest. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Address HeaderE0 fields.3A . . 02 8 6 0 0 8 b a 3 4 0 0 0 0 7 0 8 Data 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 Bytes to 5 Bytes 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 4 2 f f c 0 a 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 d c 0 3 0 4 4 0 c 0 0 0 2 7 8 d 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 a 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Slide 73 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 a 9 0 6 4 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 011 TF NH HLIM 0 2 2 3 d f f f f e a 9 f 7 a c CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM 2 a 0 0 1 4 5 0 4 0 0 7 0 8 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 Header fields. . . e b 0 8 0 0 5 0 1 0 e a 5 9 f 5 3 b 1 a 5 e 5 a 8 0 1 8 8 0 5 5 f 6 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 8 0 a 0 3 e 7 6 0 7 2 7 8 a a 8 0 5 d 4 7 4 5 5 4 2 0 2 f 5 f 5 f 7 5 7 4 6 d 2 e 6 7 6 9 6 6 3 f 7 5 7 4 6 d 7 7 7 6 3 d 3 5 2 e 3 4 2 e 3 4 2 6 7 5 7 4 6 d 7 3 3 d 3 3 3 0 3 7 2 6 7 5 7 4 6 d 6 e 3 d 3 2
Slide 74 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length HLim 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 a 9 0 6 4 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 011011 TF NH HLIM Source 0 2 2 3 d f f f f e a 9 f 7 a c Address CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM 2 a 0 0 1 4 5 0 4 0 0 7 0 8 0 3 Dest. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 Address Header fields. . . e b 0 8 0 0 5 0 1 0 e a 5 9 f 5 3 b 1 a 5 e 5 a 8 0 1 8 8 0 5 5 f 6 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 8 0 a 0 3 e 7 6 0 7 2 7 8 a a 8 0 5 d 4 7 4 5 5 4 2 0 2 f 5 f 5 f 7 5 7 4 6 d 2 e 6 7 6 9 6 6 3 f 7 5 7 4 6 d 7 7 7 6 3 d 3 5 2 e 3 4 2 e 3 4 2 6 7 5 7 4 6 d 7 3 3 d 3 3 3 0 3 7 2 6 7 5 7 4 6 d 6 e 3 d 3 2
Slide 74 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length HLim 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 a 9 0 6 4 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 011011 11TF NH HLIM Source 0 2 2 3 d f f f f e a 9 f 7 a c Address CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM 2 a 0 0 1 4 5 0 4 0 0 7 0 8 0 3 Dest. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 Address Header fields. . . e b 0 8 0 0 5 0 1 0 e a 5 9 f 5 3 b 1 a 5 e 5 a 8 0 1 8 8 0 5 5 f 6 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 8 0 a 0 3 e 7 6 0 7 2 7 8 a a 8 0 5 d 4 7 4 5 5 4 2 0 2 f 5 f 5 f 7 5 7 4 6 d 2 e 6 7 6 9 6 6 3 f 7 5 7 4 6 d 7 7 7 6 3 d 3 5 2 e 3 4 2 e 3 4 2 6 7 5 7 4 6 d 7 3 3 d 3 3 3 0 3 7 2 6 7 5 7 4 6 d 6 e 3 d 3 2
Slide 74 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length HLim 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 a 9 0 6 4 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 011011 11TF NH0 HLIM Source 0 2 2 3 d f f f f e a 9 f 7 a c Address CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM 2 a 0 0 1 4 5 0 4 0 0 7 0 8 0 3 Dest. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 Address Header06 fields. . . e b 0 8 0 0 5 0 1 0 e a 5 9 f 5 3 b 1 a 5 e 5 a 8 0 1 8 8 0 5 5 f 6 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 8 0 a 0 3 e 7 6 0 7 2 7 8 a a 8 0 5 d 4 7 4 5 5 4 2 0 2 f 5 f 5 f 7 5 7 4 6 d 2 e 6 7 6 9 6 6 3 f 7 5 7 4 6 d 7 7 7 6 3 d 3 5 2 e 3 4 2 e 3 4 2 6 7 5 7 4 6 d 7 3 3 d 3 3 3 0 3 7 2 6 7 5 7 4 6 d 6 e 3 d 3 2
Slide 74 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length HLim 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 a 9 0 6 4 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 011011 11TF NH0 HLIM10 Source 0 2 2 3 d f f f f e a 9 f 7 a c Address CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM 2 a 0 0 1 4 5 0 4 0 0 7 0 8 0 3 Dest. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 Address Header06 fields. . . e b 0 8 0 0 5 0 1 0 e a 5 9 f 5 3 b 1 a 5 e 5 a 8 0 1 8 8 0 5 5 f 6 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 8 0 a 0 3 e 7 6 0 7 2 7 8 a a 8 0 5 d 4 7 4 5 5 4 2 0 2 f 5 f 5 f 7 5 7 4 6 d 2 e 6 7 6 9 6 6 3 f 7 5 7 4 6 d 7 7 7 6 3 d 3 5 2 e 3 4 2 e 3 4 2 6 7 5 7 4 6 d 7 3 3 d 3 3 3 0 3 7 2 6 7 5 7 4 6 d 6 e 3 d 3 2
Slide 74 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length HLim 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 a 9 0 6 4 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 011011 11TF NH0 HLIM10 Source 0 2 2 3 d f f f f e a 9 f 7 a c Address CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM 2 a 0 0 1 4 5 0 4 0 0 7 0 8 0 3 0 Dest. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 Address Header06 fields. . . e b 0 8 0 0 5 0 1 0 e a 5 9 f 5 3 b 1 a 5 e 5 a 8 0 1 8 8 0 5 5 f 6 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 8 0 a 0 3 e 7 6 0 7 2 7 8 a a 8 0 5 d 4 7 4 5 5 4 2 0 2 f 5 f 5 f 7 5 7 4 6 d 2 e 6 7 6 9 6 6 3 f 7 5 7 4 6 d 7 7 7 6 3 d 3 5 2 e 3 4 2 e 3 4 2 6 7 5 7 4 6 d 7 3 3 d 3 3 3 0 3 7 2 6 7 5 7 4 6 d 6 e 3 d 3 2
Slide 74 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length HLim 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 a 9 0 6 4 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 011011 11TF NH0 HLIM10 Source 0 2 2 3 d f f f f e a 9 f 7 a c Address CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM 2 a 0 0 1 4 5 0 4 0 0 7 0 8 0 3 0 1 00 0 1 00 Dest. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 Address Header06 fields. . . e b 0 8 0 0 5 0 1 0 e a 5 9 f 5 3 b 1 a 5 e 5 a 8 0 1 8 8 0 5 5 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 f 6 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 8 0 a 0 2 2 3 d f f f f e a 9 f 7 a c 0 3 e 7 6 0 7 2 7 8 a a 8 0 5 d 2 a 0 0 1 4 5 0 4 0 0 7 0 8 0 3 4 7 4 5 5 4 2 0 2 f 5 f 5 f 7 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 7 4 6 d 2 e 6 7 6 9 6 6 3 f 7 5 7 4 6 d 7 7 7 6 3 d 3 5 2 e 3 4 2 e 3 4 2 6 7 5 7 4 6 d 7 3 3 d 3 3 3 0 3 7 2 6 7 5 7 4 6 d 6 e 3 d 3 2
Slide 74 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Example: Compress IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
version Flow Label proto = ICMPv6 DS Length HLim 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 a 9 0 6 4 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 011011 11TF NH0 HLIM10 Source 0 2 2 3 d f f f f e a 9 f 7 a c Address CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM 2 a 0 0 1 4 5 0 4 0 0 7 0 8 0 3 0 1 00 0 1 00 Dest. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 Address Header06 fields. . . e b 0 8 0 0 5 0 1 0 e a 5 9 f 5 3 b 1 a 5 e 5 a 8 0 1 8 8 0 5 5 2 0 0 1 0 6 6 0 7 3 0 1 3 7 2 8 f 6 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 8 0 a 0 2 2 3 d f f f f e a 9 f 7 a c 0 3 e 7 6 0 7 2 7 8 a a 8 0 5 d 2 a 0 0 1 4 5 0 4 0 0 7 0 8 0 3 4 7 4 5 5 4 2 0 2 f 5 f 5 f 7 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 7 4 6 d 2 e 6 7 6 9 6 6 3 f 7 5 7 4 6 d 7 7 7 6 3 d 3 5 2 e 3 4 2 e 3 4 2 6 7 5 7 4 6 d 7 3 3 d 3 3 3 0 3 7 2 6 7 5 7 4 6 d 6 e 3 d 3 2 40 Bytes to 35 Bytes
Slide 74 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Neighbor Discovery
Slide 75 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Neighbor Discovery Protocol For LoWPAN IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Limitations: radio range is limited, all the nodes cannot talk directly. range change Bidirectional traffic cannot be always guaranteed. The link definition is not clear Energy consumption must be limited Implementation must be kept as simple as possible
Slide 76 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Neighbor Discovery Protocol For LoWPAN IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Two models: Mesh-Under model: L3 multicast address mapped into a L2 broadcast address. No change Route-Over networks NBMA: control done by a server. ≈ • Multicast only allowed to discover neighbor routers:
− Once the address of a router is learned, the trafficwillbesend in unicast. − No periodic RA
• NDP do not, by construction, cross routers since original:
− NDP for 6LoWPAN introduces the concept of Multi-Hop prefixes LL addresses are based on the EUI-64
• unique: no need for DAD or NS
Slide 77 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 NDP options IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
6LoWPAN uses RA, RS, NS and NA Only RS is sent in multicast: FF02::2 Standard and new options are used:
• SLLAO: Source Link-layer Address • PIO: Prefix Information • 6CO: 6LoWPAN Context Number • ABRO: Announcing Border Router
• ARO: Address Registration If IID is based on MAC (or from DHCP): no DAD Currently there is no 6LoWPAN Compression for NDP messages.
Slide 78 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 LL address IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
IID1 IID2 Traditional NDP
NS FE80 :: IID2?
IID IID2 NA FE80 :: 2 ⇒
IID 1 IID2 FE80 :: → | IID1 FE80 :: → IID2
Slide 79 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 LL address IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
IID1 IID2 NDP for LoWPAN
IID 1 IID2 FE80 :: → | IID1 FE80 :: → IID2
Slide 79 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 NDP for Global Addresses: Star IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
6LBR 6LR Node LL1 LL2 LL3
FF 02 :: 2 LL2 → RS(SLLAO) LL1 LL → 2 RA(SLLAO ,PIO 6CO | ,ABRO) LL2 LL1 → ) NS(SLLAO,ARO LL1 NS → LL2 (ARO)
Slide 80 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 NDP for Global Addresses: Mesh IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
6LBR 6LR Node LL1 LL2 LL3
FF 02 :: 2 LL2 → RS(SLLAO) LL1 LL → 2 RA(SLLAO ,PIO 6CO | ,ABRO) LL2 LL1 → ) NS(SLLAO,ARO LL1 NS LL2 (ARO→ ) FF 02 :: 2 LL2 ) RS→(SLLAO LL RA 1 LL (SLLAO→ 2 ,PIO 6 | CO,ABRO )
DAR LL1 2 ) LL → ,ARO DAC NS(SLLAO LL NS 1 LL (ARO→ 2 )
Slide 80 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 NDP for Global Addresses: Mesh IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
6LBR 6LR Node LL1 LL2 LL3
FF 02 :: 2 LL2 → RS(SLLAO) LL1 LL → 2 RA(SLLAO ,PIO 6CO | ,ABRO) LL2 LL1 → ) NS(SLLAO,ARO LL1 NS LL2 (ARO→ ) FF 02 :: 2 LL2 ) RS→(SLLAO LL RA 1 LL (SLLAO→ 2 ,PIO 6 | CO,ABRO )
DAR LL1 2 ) LL → ,ARO DAC NS(SLLAO LL NS 1 LL (ARO→ 2 )
Slide 80 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 ISA 100 IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Slide 81 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 ISA 100 IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Transit Data network
Slide 81 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Router Backbone
BR1 BR2 BR3
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Router Backbone
BR1 BR2 BR3
DAR
NS(SLLAO,EARO)
ARO +Trans.ID+UniqueID
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Router DAD(EARO) Backbone
BR1 BR2 BR3
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Router No response Backbone
BR1 BR2 BR3
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Router Backbone
BR1 p BR2 BR3
OK =
Status
DAC
NA
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Router Backbone
BR1 p BR2 BR3
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Router DAD(EARO) Backbone
BR1 p BR2 BR3
DAR
NSsameTID
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
NAbitO=0 Router Backbone
BR1 p BR2 BR3
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Router Backbone
BR1 p BR2 s BR3
OK =
Status
DAC
NA
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Router Backbone
BR1 p BR2 s BR3
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
NS Router Backbone
BR1 p BR2 s BR3
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
NA Router BR2 NA Backbone
BR1 p BR2 s BR3
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Router BR2 Backbone
BR1 p BR2 s BR3
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Router BR2 Backbone
BR1 p BR2 s BR3
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Router BR2 DAD(EARO) Backbone
BR1 p BR2 s BR3
DAR
NSTID++
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Router BR2 DAD(EARO) Backbone
BR1 p BR2 s BR3
DAR
NSTID++
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Router BR2 Backbone
BR1 p BR2 s BR3
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Backbone router IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Router BR3 Backbone
BR1 p BR2 s BR3 p
OK
=
Status
DAC NA
Slide 82 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Internet of Things ? IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Internet of Things
Slide 83 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Internet of Things ? IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Internet of Things
Internet Protocols • Simplified Internet Protocols • Interoperability with Internet (e2e, URI, . . . ) • Open Standards • Always on •
Slide 83 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Internet of Things ? IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Internet of Things
Internet Protocols RFID • Simplified Internet Protocols • NFC • Interoperability with Internet (e2e, URI, . . . ) • Wireless Sensor (and Actuator) Networks • Open Standards • Smart Grids • Always on • Cars • • ... •
Slide 83 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 History repeating? IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
80’s: IP as a word wide protocol
• other alternatives: CLNP, X.25, Frame Relay, ATM • IP: Best Effort, no reservation, fixed address size, ... 80’s: IP in entreprise network
• Other alternatives: IPX, NetBios • IP: no d’auto-configuration, no service discovery 90’s IP in telephony 00’s IP in TV
• Other alternatives: IEEE 1394/ATM/Hiperlan
Conclusion
Network Value comes from Interconnection Interconnection is based on Open Protocols
Slide 84 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 ZigBee SE 2.0 IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Advanced Metering Energy Infrastructure Portal Service Energy Price
Slide 85 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 ZigBee SE 2.0 IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Advanced Metering Energy Infrastructure Portal Service Energy Price
Multi L2 Technologies: IEEE 802.15.4 • G3-PLC, IEEE P1901.2 • Bluetooth Low Energy • CAT-iq (DECT) • Dash7 • Slide 85 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 ZigBee SE 2.0 IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Advanced Auto-Configuration Metering Energy Infrastructure Portal Service Energy Price
Multi L2 Technologies: IEEE 802.15.4 • G3-PLC, IEEE P1901.2 • Bluetooth Low Energy • CAT-iq (DECT) • Dash7 • Slide 85 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 ZigBee SE 2.0 IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
ZigBee had its own stack Smart Energy Profile move to IPv6
ZSE APP APP 1.1 ZDO
APS SSP NWK
MAC (IEEE 802.15.4)
Physical (radio)
adapted from: ZigBee Alliance www.zigbee.org/imwp/download.asp?ContentID=18995;
Slide 86 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 ZigBee SE 2.0 IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
ZigBee had its own stack Smart Energy Profile move to IPv6
ZSE ZSE APP APP APP APP 1.1 2.0 ZDO RPL APS UDP/CoAP or TCP/HTTP SSP NWK 6LoWPAN IPv6
MAC (IEEE 802.15.4) 802.15.4 PLC Ethernet Physical (radio) Radio Phy
adapted from: ZigBee Alliance www.zigbee.org/imwp/download.asp?ContentID=18995;
Slide 86 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Interconnection at HTTP level IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
IPv6
IPv6 IPv4
IPv6
Slide 88 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client Server: REST IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Client Server
Slide 89 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client Server: REST IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Client Server
Slide 89 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client Server: REST IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Client GET uri Server value
Slide 89 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client Server: REST IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Client GET uri Server value
PUT uri value ack
Slide 89 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client Server: REST IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Client GET uri Server value
PUT uri value ack
POST uri value ack
Slide 89 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client Server: REST IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Client GET uri Server value
PUT uri value ack
POST uri value ack
DELETE uri ack
Slide 89 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client Server: REST IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Client Proxy Server
Slide 89 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client Server: REST IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Client Proxy Server
HTTP/TCP/IPv4 CoAP/UDP/IPv6
Slide 89 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client Server: REST IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Client Proxy Server GET uri GET uri
value value
HTTP/TCP/IPv4 CoAP/UDP/IPv6
Slide 89 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client Server: REST IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Client Proxy Server GET uri GET uri
value value GET uri
HTTP/TCP/IPv4 CoAP/UDP/IPv6
Slide 89 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client Server: REST IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Client Proxy Server GET uri GET uri
value value GET uri Observe: value HTTP/TCP/IPv4 CoAP/UDP/IPv6
Slide 89 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client Server: REST IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
MIB ∼ Client Proxy Server GET uri GET uri
value value GET uri Observe: value HTTP/TCP/IPv4 CoAP/UDP/IPv6
Slide 89 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 ARESA2 Project IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
ANR Verso 2009 project Urban Wireless Sensor Networks
• AMI, Smart Grid, M2M. . . One of the challenges: IPv6
• Mesh network. • Minimize code footprint, minimize energy consumption.
Slide 91 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 SensOrLab IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Slide 92 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 SensOrLab Network IETF Working Groups 6LoWPAN
Slide 93 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Principle 1: Do not allocate prefixes
Slide 94 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6
6LBR
IPv6 ? 6LBR 6LBR
IPv6
Slide 95 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6
6LBR
IPv6
6LN 6LR 6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
Slide 95 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6
6LBR
IPv6
6LN 6LR FE80::IID 6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
Slide 95 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6
6LBR
RASLLAO,PIO 6CO,ABRO IPv6 | 6LN 6LR FE80::IID 6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
SLLAO:SourceLink-layerAddress,PIO:PrefixInformation,6CO:6LoWPANContext,ABRO:AuthoritativeBorderRouter
Slide 95 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6
6LBR
RSSLLAO IPv6
6LN 6LR FE80::IID 6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
SLLAO:SourceLink-layerAddress,PIO:PrefixInformation,6CO:6LoWPANContext,ABRO:AuthoritativeBorderRouter
Slide 95 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6
6LBR
ABRO 6CO, IPv6 ,PIO RASLLAO | 6LN 6LR FE80::IID 6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
SLLAO:SourceLink-layerAddress,PIO:PrefixInformation,6CO:6LoWPANContext,ABRO:AuthoritativeBorderRouter
Slide 95 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6
6LBR
IPv6 NSSLLAO 6LN 6LR FE80::IID 6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
Slide 95 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6
6LBR
IPv6
6LN 6LR DAR FE80::IID 6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
DAR:DuplicateAddressRequest
Slide 95 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6
6LBR
IPv6
6LN 6LR DAC FE80::IID 6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
DAC:DuplicateAddressConfirmation
Slide 95 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6
6LBR
IPv6 Status RAARO+ 6LN 6LR FE80::IID 6LBR
6LBR
IPv6
Slide 95 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6
6LBR
IPv6
6LN 6LR FE80::IID 6LBR α::IID 6LBR
IPv6
Slide 95 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 α IPv6
6LBR
IPv6
6LN 6LR β FE80::IID 6LBR α::IID β::IID 6LBR
IPv6
Slide 95 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 α IPv6
6LBR
RPL DIS IPv6
6LN 6LR β FE80::IID 6LBR α::IID β::IID 6LBR
IPv6
RPL:RoutingProtocolforLowpowerandlossynetworks,DIS:DODAG(DestinationOrientedDirected Acyclic Graph) Information Solicitation
Slide 95 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 α IPv6
6LBR
IPv6
6LN 6LR β FE80::IID 6LBR α::IID β::IID α::IID dest 6LBR →
IPv6
Slide 95 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 α IPv6
6LBR
IPv6
6LN 6LR β FE80::IID 6LBR α::IID β::IID α::IID dest 6LBR →
IPv6
Assigning prefix is quite complex Still Multi-homing problem ⇒
Slide 95 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 α IPv6
6LBR
IPv6
6LN 6LR β FE80::IID 6LBR ::IID/64 6LBR
IPv6
Slide 96 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 α IPv6
6LBR
RPL DIS IPv6
6LN 6LR β FE80::IID 6LBR ::IID/64 6LBR
IPv6
RPL:RoutingProtocolforLowpowerandlossynetworks,DIS:DODAG(DestinationOrientedDirected Acyclic Graph) Information Solicitation
Slide 96 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 α IPv6
6LBR
IPv6 DIO 6LN 6LR β FE80::IID 6LBR ::IID/64 6LBR
IPv6
Slide 96 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 α IPv6
6LBR
dest IPv6 ::IID→ 6LN 6LR β FE80::IID 6LBR ::IID/64 6LBR
IPv6
Implicit well-known source context for 6LoWPAN compression
Slide 96 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 α IPv6
6LBR
dest IPv6 ::IID→ 6LN 6LR β FE80::IID 6LBR α::IID dest → ::IID/64 6LBR
IPv6
NPTv6: ::IID α::IID (L4 checksum adjusted) ⇒
Slide 96 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 α IPv6
6LBR
dest β::IIDIPv6dest ::IID→ → 6LN 6LR β FE80::IID 6LBR α::IID dest → ::IID/64 6LBR
IPv6
Slide 96 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 α IPv6
6LBR
dest β::IIDIPv6dest ::IID→ → 6LN 6LR β FE80::IID 6LBR α::IID dest → ::IID/64 6LBR
IPv6
IID can be used to identify sender
Slide 96 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Principle 2: Flexible IPv6 headers
Slide 97 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 L7
IP
L2
Slide 98 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IP IP IPIP IP IP IP IP IP IPIPIPIP IPIPIPIP IP IPIPIP IP IPIPIPIP IPIP IP IP IPIPIPIPIP IPIP IPIP IP IP IPIPIPIP IP IP IP IPIPIPIP IP IPIP IPIPIP IP IP IP IP IP IPIPIP IPIP IP IPIPIP IP IP IP IP IPIPIP IP IP IPIPIPIPIP IPIP IPIPIPIPIPIPIP IP IPIP IPIP IP IPIP IP IPIP IP IPIPIPIP IP IP IP IPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIP IPIPIPIPIP IP IPIP IPIPIPIP IP IPIP IPIP IP IPIPIPIP IP IP IP IP IP IPIPIP IP IP IP IP IP IPIP IP IPIP IP IPIPIP IPIPIPIPIPIP IP IPIPIP IPIPIP IPIP IP IP IP IPIP IP IP IPIPIP IP IPIP IPIP IPIP IP IPIP IPIPIPIP IPIPIPIP IP IPIP IPIPIP IP IPIP IPIPIP IP IPIP IPIP IP IP IPIPIPIPIPIP IP IP IP IP IPIP IP IPIPIP IPIPIPIPIP IP IPIPL7 IP IPIPIP IPIP IPIPIPIP IPIPIP IPIPIP IPIPIPIPIPIP IP IP IP IP IP IPIP IPIPIP IP IP IP IPIPIPIPIP IPIPIPIPIP IP IPIPIPIPIPIPIPIP IPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIP IPIPIP IPIPIP IP IPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIP IP IPIPIP IP IP IP IP IP IPIPIP IPIP IP IPIPIPIP IPIP IPIP IPIPIPIP IP IPIPIPIPIP IPIPIP IPIPIPIPIP IPIP IPIPIP IP IPIPIPIPIP IPIP IP IP IPIP IPIP IP IP IP IP IP IP IPIPIP IP IPIP IP IP IP IPIPIPIPIP IPIPIP IPIPIP IP IPIPIP IP IPIPIP IP IPIPIPIP IP IPIPIP IPIP IPIPIP IPIPIP IPIP IP IPIPIPIP IPIP IPIPIP IP IP IPIPIPIPIPIP IP IPIPIP IP IP IP IPIPIPIPIPIPIP IPIP IP IPIP IPIP IPIP IP IP IPIPIP IPIP IPIPIPIP IP IPIP IPIP IP IP IP IPIPIP IPIPIP IP IPIPIP IP IPIP IP IPIPIP IPIPIP IPIP IPIPIPIPIPIP IPIPIP IPIPIP IP IPIP IP IP IPIP IPIP IP IPIPIP IPIP IP IPIP IPIPIP IPIPIPIPIPIPIP IP IP IPIP IP IP IP IPIP IP IPIP IPIPIP IPIPIP IPIPIPIPIP IPIP IPIPIPIPIP IPIP IPIPIP IP IP IPIP IPIP IPIPIP IP IP IPIP IPIP IPIPIPIPIPIP IPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIP IP IP IP IPIP IP IP IP IPIPIP IP IPIP IP IPIPIPIPIP IPIPIPIPIPIP IPIPIP IPIPIPIP IPIPIPIP IP IPIPIPIPIP IP IPIPIPIPIP IP IPIPIPIP IP IP IP IPIPIP IPIP IPIP IPIP IPIPIP IP IPIP IPIPIPIPIP IP IP IPIP IPIP IP IP IP IP IPIPIP IPIP IPIPIPIPIP IP IP IPIP IPIPIPIP IPIP IPIP IPIPL2IPIP IPIPIP IPIP IPIPIP IP IPIP IPIPIPIPIP IPIP IP IP IP IPIPIPIPIP IP IP IP IPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIP IPIP IPIP IP IP IP IPIPIPIP IP IPIPIPIP IP IPIP IPIP IP IPIPIPIPIP IPIP IP IP IPIPIP IP IP IPIPIPIPIPIP IP IP IP IPIPIP IPIPIPIP IPIPIP IP IPIPIPIP IPIPIP IPIP IPIPIPIP IPIP IPIP IP IP IP IP IPIP IPIP IPIPIPIPIP IPIPIP IP IPIP IPIPIP IP IP IPIP IPIP IPIP IP IPIP IPIPIP IP IP IPIPIPIPIP IP IP IP IPIP IP IP IPIP IP IPIPIP IPIPIP IP IP IP IP IP IP IP IPIPIPIP IP IP IPIPIP IP IP IPIP IPIP IPIPIP IPIPIPIPIPIPIP
Slide 98 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 @ @@@ @@ @ @@ @ @ @ @ @ @@ @@ @@ @@ @@@@@@ @@@@@ @ @@@@ @ @@ @ @@ @@@ @@ @ @@@ @@ @ @ @@@ @@ @@@@ @ @@ @@ @ @ @@ @ @ @@ @@ @ @ @@@ @@ @ @ @@ @@ @ @@@@ @@ @@ @@@@@ @ @@ @@ @ @ @ @ @@@ @ @ @ @@ @@@ @@@@@ @ @ @@ @@ @ @ @@ @ @@@ @ @@@@ @ @ @ @@ @@@@@ @@@@ @@ @@@ @@ @ @@@@ @@@ @@@@@ @@ @ @ @ @ @@ @ @@ @ @ @@ @@@@@@@@@ @ @@ @ @@ @@@@ @ @@@ @ @@@ @ @@@ @@ @@@ @@ @ @@ @@ @ @@ @@@@@ @@@@ @ @@@ @ @ @ @@ @ @ @ @ @ @@ @@ @ @@@ L7@@@ @ @ @@@ @@@ @ @ @ @@ @@@ @ @ @@@ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @@ @@ @ @ @@ @ @ @ @ @@ @@@ @ @ @@@@@ @@@ @@@ @@@@@@@@@ @@@ @ @ @ @ @@@ @ @@ @ @ @@ @@ @ @ @ @@@ @@ @@ @ @@@@ @ @ @ @ @@ @@ @ @ @ @@ @@@@ @@@@@@ @@ @@@@@ @@@ @ @@@@@ @ @ @@ @ @ @@@@ @ @ @@ @@@ @@ @@ @ @ @ @@@@@ @@ @@ @@@@ @@@ @@ @ @ @ @ @ @ @@ @ @ @ @@ @@ @ @@ IP @@@ @ @ @@ @ @ @@@ @@@ @ @@ @ @ @@ @ @ @ @@@ @@ @@ @ @ @@@ @ @@@ @@ @@@ @ @ @ @@@ @ @ @ @@ @ @@@ @@ @@ @ @ @@@ @@@@ @@ @@@ @@ @ @@ @ @ @@ @@@@ @ @ @@ @ @ @ @@ @ @ @@@@@ @@@ @@ @@@ @ @@ @@@ @ @@ @ @@ @ @ @@@ @@ @@ @@ @@@ @ @@ @ @@ @@@ @@ @ @ @ @@@ @@@@ @@ @ @ @ @@@ @ @ @@ @ @ @ @ @@@@ @@ @ @@@@@@ @ @ @@@@@ @ @ @ @ @@ @ @ @ @ @ @@ @@@ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @@ @ @ @@ @ @@@ @ @@ @@ @@ @ @ @@@ @@@ @@ @ @@ @@@ @@ @@ @ @ @@ @ @ @ L2@ @@ @ @@ @ @ @@ @ @ @ @ @@ @ @ @ @ @ @@@@@ @ @ @@ @ @ @@@@ @@ @ @@ @@ @ @ @@@ @@@ @ @ @ @ @ @@ @@ @@ @ @ @ @@ @ @ @ @ @@ @ @@ @ @@ @ @ @ @@@ @@@ @ @@@@@@ @@ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @@@ @ @ @@@@@@ @ @ @ @ @ @@ @@ @ @ @@ @@ @ @@@ @ @ @@ @ @ @@ @ @ @@@@ @@@ @@@@ @@ @@ @ @@ @ @ @ @@@ @ @ @@@ @ @ @ @ @@ @ @ @
Slide 99 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Ethernet IPv6
Destination Address
Source Address
Protocol
Slide 100 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Ethernet IPv6
6 DiffServ Flow Label Payload Length Next header Hop Limit Destination Address Source Address
Source Address Destination Address
Protocol
Slide 100 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Ethernet IPv6
6 DiffServ Flow Label Payload Length Next header Hop Limit Destination Address Source Address
Source Address Destination Address
Protocol
Minimum Information
Slide 100 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Ethernet IPv6
6 DiffServ Flow Label Payload Length Next header Hop Limit Destination Address Source Address
Source Address Destination Address
Protocol
Minimum Information
May Evolve though other stan- dards: - IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.16, ... -MACinMAC
Slide 100 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Ethernet IPv6
6 DiffServ Flow Label Payload Length Next header Hop Limit Destination Address Source Address
Source Address Destination Address
Protocol
Minimum Information
May Evolve though other stan- Fixed header, no evolution. dards: - Extensions are designed for this ! - IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.16, ... Wrong design ? -MACinMAC -Internetisnomorehomogeneous⇒
Slide 100 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
6 DiffServ Flow Label
Payload Length Next header Hop Limit
Source Address
Destination Address
Layer 4 or extensions
Slide 101 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
6 DiffServ Flow Label
Payload Length Next header Hop Limit
Source Address
Destination Address
Layer 4 or extensions
011 TF NH HLIM CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM
Remaining header data
Slide 101 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
6 DiffServ Flow Label
Payload Length Next header Hop Limit
Source Address
Destination Address
Layer 4 or extensions
Mesh Header Fragmentation Header
011 TF NH HLIM CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM
Remaining header data
Slide 101 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6 R 6LoWPAN
Slide 102 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6 R 6LoWPAN Extensions
Slide 102 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 RFC 2460: With one exception, extension headers are not examined or processed by any node along a packet’s delivery path ,until the packet reaches the node (or each of the set of nodes, in the case of multicast) identified in the Destination Address field of the IPv6 header.
IPv6 R 6LoWPAN Extensions
Slide 102 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Upward traffic: DoDAG Breaking the Hourglass
11 Preferred Parent 21 22
31 32 33
41 42 43 44
51 52 53 54 55
Slide 103 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Upward traffic: DoDAG Breaking the Hourglass
11 Preferred Parent IPv6 21 22
Hop by forwarding plan Hop 31 32 33
L4 41 42 43 44
51 52 53 54 55
Slide 103 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6 R 6LoWPAN
Slide 104 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 IPv6 R Tunnel: IPv6+ext6LoWPAN + orig IPv6
Slide 104 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
6 DiffServ Flow Label
Payload Length Next header Hop Limit
Source Address
Destination Address
Layer 4 or extensions
011 TF NH HLIM CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM
Remaining header data
Slide 105 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 0...... 7...... 15...... 23...... 31
6 DiffServ Flow Label
Payload Length Next header Hop Limit
Source Address
Destination Address
Layer 4 or extensions
Mesh Header Fragmentation Header
Local Extensions
011 TF NH HLIM CID SAC SAM M DAC DAM
Remaining header data
Slide 105 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Principle 3: Include DNS
Slide 106 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client
DIS DoDAG Prio.
DoDAG backup pIPv6 LBR1 LBR2 DNS
router
Slide 107 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client
DoDAG Prio.
DoDAG backup DIOpriopIPv6=1
LBR1 DIOprio=2 LBR2 DNS
router
Slide 107 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client
DoDAG Prio.
DoDAG backup pIPv6 LBR1 DAO + name LBR2 DNS
router
Slide 107 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client
DoDAG Prio.
RIP α :: IID/128 DoDAG backup pIPv6 LBR1 LBR2 DNS
α :: IID /128 LBR2 router →
Slide 107 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client
DoDAG Prio.
DoDAG backup pIPv6
LBR1 LBR2 DNS name AAAA α :: IID
DU name AAAA α :: IID
α :: IID /128 LBR2 router →
Slide 107 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client
DoDAG Prio.
DNS: name ? DoDAG backup pIPv6
LBR1 LBR2 DNS name AAAA α :: IID
α :: IID /128 LBR2 router →
Slide 107 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client
DoDAG Prio.
DoDAG backup pIPv6
LBR1 LBR2 DNS name AAAA α :: IID
α :: IID /128 LBR2 router →
Slide 107 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client
β :: 1 DIS DoDAG Prio. proxy
DoDAG backup pIPv6 LBR1 LBR2 DNS
router
Slide 108 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client
DoDAG Prio. β :: 1 proxy
DoDAG backup DIOpriopIPv6=1
LBR1 DIOprio=2 LBR2 DNS
router
Slide 108 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client
DoDAG Prio. β :: 1 proxy
DoDAG backup pIPv6 LBR1 DAO + name LBR2 DNS
router
Slide 108 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client
DoDAG Prio. β :: 1 proxy
RIP α :: IID/128 DoDAG backup pIPv6 LBR1 LBR2 DNS
α :: IID /128 LBR2 router →
Slide 108 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client
DoDAG Prio. β :: 1 proxy
DoDAG backup pIPv6 name AAAA :: IID name AAAA β :: 1 LBR1 LBR2 DNS DU name AAAA :: IID
α :: IID /128 LBR2 router →
Slide 108 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client
GET /resource β :: 1 proxy DoDAG Prio. Host: name
DoDAG backup pIPv6 name AAAA :: IID name AAAA β :: 1 LBR1 LBR2 DNS
α :: IID /128 LBR2 router →
Slide 108 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Client
DoDAG Prio. β :: 1 proxy
DoDAG backup pIPv6 name AAAA :: IID name AAAA β :: 1 LBR1 LBR2 DNS
α :: IID /128 LBR2 router →
Slide 108 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Conclusion
Slide 109 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014 Conclusion Breaking the Hourglass
IPv6 is to rigid for constrained devices;
• 6LoWPAN helps, ... but not enough; Alternative:
• Use Proxies:
− CoAP, − ETSI M2M, oneM2M
• Risk: IPv6 only necessary in island where relaying is mandatory IPv6 must evolve in a flexible way to allow end-to-end
Slide 110 Laurent Toutain F´ed´erez 2014