ShriDlp Midwater Trawl DevelopDlent 1977 Gulf of St. Lawrence
by Allen Tobey and Jack Rycroft
Technology Branch Fisheries and Marine Service Department of Fisheries and the Environment Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3J 2S7
Fisheries and Marine Servece Industry Report o. 101 Fi herie and arine er ice Indu tr Report The r port ontain th re ult of r ar hand d velopm nt that are u ful to indu tr' for eith r imm diat or future appli ation. Indu try Report ar dir t d primarily toward indi\idual in th primary'md e ondari tor of th fi hing and marin indu trie. 0 r t ri 'tion i ph d on ubj t matt rand th ri rene t th broad intere t and poli i of th Fi heri and .1arin r\ i e. nam Ii. fi herie mand m nt t hnology and de\'elopmenl. 0 'ean - ien e md '1 uati n\ ironment r I \elOt to Canada. Indu try R port ma} be it d a full publi ation . Th orr t itation dppe ir abo\' th ab tra t of ea h report. Ea 'h r port \"ill be ab tr,1 t Gild Fi herie Ab IraCT and will b inde d annually in th 'i ntifi and t hni al publi ation . umb r 1-91 in thi rie \\ r i u d a Proj t R port of the Indu trial o \ lopm nt Bran h T hni al R port of the Indu trial 0 \ lopm nt Breln h. and T hni al R port of the Fi h rman' rvi Bran h. Th rie- nam wa hang d ith r port numb r 92. o tail on th availabilit of Indu try R port in hard opy may b obtain d from th i uing tabli hm nt indi at d on the front 0 r.
er ice de peche et de cience de la mer Rapport de tine a1 indu trie e rapport onti nnent Ie r' t d puent etre util aI indu trie pour d II ont prep re alint ntion prin ipal ondaire de I indu tri de pe he t de la m r. II n ujet· de fait la 'ri de pe he t de elopp ment L
ement auteur OU J'on peut e
• Cover design by Chns Ine Rus Shrimp Midwater Trawl Development 1977 Gulf of St. Lawrence
Industrial Development Division Technology Branch Environment Canada and Research and Development Branch Department of Fisheries New Bruns'lwick
PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF : Minister of fisheries and the Environment Canada and Minister of Fisheries New Brunswick
Opinions expressed and conclusions reached by the author are not necessarily endorsed by the sponsors of this projec t ( CORRECTION: TABLE XI II PAGE 1o COUNT PER POUND OF SMALL SHRIMP SHOULD READ 11180 11 QUE 6r BEe eo- tJljW ~... \.-. w
, GIA 5 P E NEWFOUNDLAND
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OF ST. LAWRENCE FIGURE I. FRONTISPIECE ABSTRACT
Pink shrimp (Pandalus borealis) are known to make diurnal migrations under certain conditions which are not fully understood. This report describes the continuation of an experiment initiated in 1976 to catch commercial quantities of shrimp in the Gulf of St. Lawrence using midwater trawls. The participating agencies were the Fisheries and Marine Service of the Department of Fisheries and the Environment, Canada and the Department of Fisheries, New Brunswick.
SOMMAIRE
On sait que les crevettes roses (Pandalus borealis) font des migrations diurnes dans certaines conditions qui ne sont pas complctement comprises. Le present rapport decrit la continuation d'une experience debutee en 1976 ayant pour but la prise de quantites commerciales de crevettes dans le Golfe Saint-Laurent avec le chalut pelagique.
Les agences participantes etaient le Service des p~ches et de la mer, le minist~re federal des Peches et de l'Environnement, et le ministere des Peches du Nouveau-Brunswick.
iii OBJECTIVE
To catch commercial quantities of pink shrimp (Pandalus borealis) by means of midwater trawls. New Brunswick shrimp trawlers in the Gulf of
St. Lawrence must steam 18 to 22 hours to the most productive fishing grounds in the area of Anticosti Island. Except during the spring~ when shrimp can be caught on bottom throughout the twenty-four hour cycle~ these vessels must heave-to at night when production does not warrant the expend iture of fuel. This results in trips of up to eight days with deteriora tion of shrimp caught in the first days. By adopting the midwater trawling method~ it is thought that the amount of productive time per day at sea could be greatly increased and at the same time, reduce the immature red fish bycatch and improve the quality of shrimp landed.
iv TABLE OF CONTENTS
Frontispiece ------ ii Abstract ------ iii Objective ------ iv Table of Contents ------v List of Illustrations ------vi List of Tables ------vii Shrimp Midwater Trawling, 1977 ---.------..,.------1 Exploratory Vessel - 'Scotia Cape' ------1 Trawls Fished ------2 Additional Electronics Used ------,------2 Fishing Procedure ------ 2 Trip Reports ------.,.------3 Trip # 1 _ 3 Trip # 2 ------ 5 Trip # 3 ------ 5 Trip # 4 ------ 5 Trip # 5 ------ 5 Trip # 6 ------ 6 Trip # 7 ------~------6 Catch vs Time Graphs ------ 6 Midwater vs Ground Shrimp Trawling ------7 Bridle ------7 Conclusions and Recommendations ------7 Nets and ------.------8
White 9 Sharks ------ 10 Summary ------ 10 References ------ 10 Acknowledgements ------39
v LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Codend Full of Pink Shrimp ------4 Elac Shrimplupe Visual Scale Expander ------37 Figure I- Gulf of St. Lawrence ------ii Figure II - Shrimp Fishing Areas ------11 Graph I- Catch vs Time for Trip II 1 ------20 Graph II - Trip II 2 ------.------21 Graph III - Trip II 3 ------..------22 Graph IV - Trip II 4 ------.------23 Graph V- Trip II 5 ------24 Graph VI - Trip II 6 ------25 Graph VII - Trip II 7 ------27 Appendix 1 - 1556 Mesh Midwater Shrimp Trawl ------31 Appendix 2 - 2462 Mesh Midwater Shrimp Trawl ------32 Appendix 3 - 2462 Mesh Midwater Shrimp Trawl ------33 Appendix 4 - 3-Brid1e B1aeksprutte Trawl ------34 Bridle Arrangement ------35 Perspective Drawing of a Midwater Trawl with Tickler Chain ------36 E1ac Shrimp1upe Display ------38
vi LIST OF TABLES
TABLE PAGE
I Summary II Trip II 2 III Trip II 3 IV Trip II 4 V Trip II 5 VI Trip II 6 VII Trip II 7
Catches of a 65 Foot Sidetrawler ------Catches of a 72 FOQt Sidetrawler ------Catches of a 85 Foot Sidetrawler ------
vii
?HRIMP MIDWATER TRAWLING, 1977 Fishing records of three vessels engaged in the co~nercial shrimp fishery were kept concur Between June 15th and October 31st, the rently with those of the 'Scotia Cape' to provide Demonstration Fishing Section, Industrial Devel a basis for comparison with the results obtained opment Division, Technology Branch, Fisheries and in thi s project. Marine Service, Department of Fisheries and the Environment, in cooperation with the Research and EXPLORATORY VESSEL - "SCOTIA CAPE" Development Branch, Department of Fisheries, New Brunswick, conducted experiments in the Gulf of Vessel Data: St. Lawrence and Atlantic waters using midwater trawling methods to catch pink shrimp (Panadalus 1. Length (over all) 1"18 feet borealis). The purpose was to catch pink shrimp 2. Beam 28 feet on a commercial basis when the species becomes 3. Depth 13.5 feet pelagic, and to continue improvements in the 4. Gross tonnage 353 tons design of a midwater shrimp trawl developed dur 5. Registered tonnage 165 tons ing a similar experiment conducted in 1976. 6. Main Engine 765 h.p.(D-398 Cat) This trawl, either used alone or in combination 7. Reduction 3.95:1 (Caterpillar) with a commercial shrimp bottom trawl, (the 8. Propeller 3 blades (69")(fixed pitch) latter used during daylight hours), could in 9. Speed 11 . 25 knots (1225 RPM) crease the total number of productive fishing 10. Fishing Engine 6 cylinder (D-343 Cat) hours per day. Cathode Ray Tube presentation 11. Auxiliary Engine 4 cylinder (0-330 Cat) scale expanders were used in conjunction with 12. Main Winch Swann(hydraulically powered) electro-acoustic sounding equipment in an effort 13. Net Drum Hydraulically powered to detect and identify shrimp when they rise off 14. Hold Capacity App 350,000 lbs groundfish bottom. 15. Fuel Capacity 20,000 gallons 16. Total Crew Seven (7) It is generally accepted that during the hours of darkness, pink shrimp migrate ver tically from the bottom to heights of about ten or more feet. During these hours, most commer 1. Decca Navi gator (Type MK '12) cial shrimp trawlers notice a substantial de 2. Marconi Loran Navigator crease in shrimp catches as compared to tows 3. Decca Radar (48 mile range) (Type 65121) made during daylight hours because shrimp bottom 4. Decca Radar (36 mile range) (Type 110) trawls have a very low vertical opening. Thus, 5. Elac Net Sounder (LAZ 17) in order for a fishing trip to be economical, up 6. Simrad wet paper echo sounder (EH-2A) to eight days must be spent at sea. Long trips 7. Simrad dry paper echo sounder (ES-2D) result in deterioration of shrimp caught during 8. Marconi Single Side Band Radio the first days of the trip. Midwater trawling 9. Marconi Ship-to-Shore Radio for shrimp will increase fishing productivity per 10. Pace VHF Radio (Type M2500) twenty-four hour period, thus trips at sea can 11. Johnson CB Radio be reduced by several days which means a higher 12. Pelco Direction Finder grade product at the end of a trip. 13. Sperry Automatic Pilot Improved landed quality will only be The stern ramp trawler, Scotia Cape, achieved (with current on-board holding systems) owned by Carapec Ltd., Caraquet, New Brunswick, if the duration of the fishing trip is reduced. was chartered for an eighty (80) sea day period If the current vessels remain on the fishing to carry out the fishing program. grounds for the limit of their duration, catching more shrimp than would normally be caught with a The vessel constructed in 1967 by Saint bottom trawl, the initial catches will still de John Shipbuilding Co. Ltd, Saint teriorate if the 'stowed time' has not been re John, New Brunswick, was in 1973 by duced. Carapec Ltd. for bottom ing and midwater trawling for redfish in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Thus for improvement in landed quality However, due to quota restrictions introduced in the following must be dered: 976 the vessel obi the Gulf. It vessel (i) Storage time th current on- n excess one have a board holding systems) must be better working and to reduce time lost reduced; or at sea through as well as the fact that 700 plus towing . was red to test (ii) On-board storage systems improved; the prototype trawls for s ment. If and, these types of nets were proven to be applicable to the shrimp fishing industry then they could be (iii) Entry of debris (causing damage scaled down to suit the commercial shrimp trawlers to shrimp) into nets must be of less than 100 foot in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. reduced. A crew of seven men, including the The 1977 experi menta 1 program requi red captain, was carried onboard the vessel. The that fishing be carried out on commercial shrimp captain and some of the crew had previous exper grounds mainly in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Two ience in fishing for shrimp on other boats. basic trawls were used with modifications being made to each trawl as the experiment progressed. (See details in Trawls Fished). TRAWLS FISHED ADDITIONAL ELECTRONICS USED Two basic types of trawls were used - Two Cathode Ray Tube presentation sounder scale expanders were installed on the (1) 2462 Mesh Shrimp Midwater Trawl Scotia Cape specifically for this project. (2) 3-Bridle Blaeksprutte Trawl for Shrimp. (l) Elac Shrimplupe visual scaler ex pander, type LAZ 61. This was connected to the (1) The 2462 Trawl was converted from Elac net sounder recorder, which was part of the the 1556 Mesh Trawl, designed for the experiment vessel's normal equipment, to operate simultan carried out in 1976 utilizing a Diamond 5B frame. eously (i.e. CRT display and permanent recording). (See Appendix 1, Page 31.) The 4 3/4 inch mesh During the experiment in 1976 the shrimplupe had wings and #1 belly of the 1556 mesh trawl were its own transmitter and receiver requiring a replaced by three inch meshes with a heavy 1 1/2 switch over of the transducer from one sounder inch mesh border on the wing headline and foot to the other but prior to this experiment the ropes to create strength and resist twine chafing sounder was converted to utilizing the echograph's on the net floats. The #2 belly was replaced transmitter with its own receiver. with six inch meshes having the same mesh count as the #1 belly of three inch. This was done so (2) Simrad Cl Echo Scope - This was con as to create a long but narrow mesh which would nected to the Simrad wet paper echo sounder which allow water to pass freely out of the net while is part of the vessel's equipment. The Cl scope retaining the shrimp. This section of the net does not replace the recorder and cannot be used was labeled the 'explosion panel'. independently. The scope equipment depends on the recorder's transmitter and receiver and both The #3 and 4 bellies were constructed can display the receiving echoes simultaneously. of three inch mesh reducing down to 1 1/2 and 1 1/8 inch lengthening piece and codend. This The Cl echoscope has three different net was constructed without placing laceage ropes modes of operation: on both sides of each belly and wedge as is com monly done in Diamond trawls. Although this re (a) Bottom-locked mode - The ocean floor duced the integral strength of the trawl, allowing is locked at the bottom of the the meshes to take the strain caused them to form screen and the bottom will remain on a long diamond shape which would prevent shrimp the screen even if the depth of the from passing through. The lengthening piece and water varies. codend, however had rib ropes since strength was necessary in that part of the net for hauling the (b) Surface-locked mode - The surface of catch onboard. See Appendix 2, Page 32, for a the water will remain locked at the plan of this trawl. top of the screen. (2) The 3-Bridle Blaeksprutte Trawl was (c) Midwater mode - The scope will vary designed and constructed in Denmark. It has its display between the surface and three inch mesh wings and #1 belly section, six the bottom. inch #2 and 3 belly sections, three inch #4 and 5 belly sections reducing down through 1 1/2, 1 1/4 The scope has five scale ranges on its and 1 1/3 meshes in five sections to the codend. screen. They are 7.5, 15, 30, 60 and 90 fathoms. The unique feature of this trawl is that the On the Bottom-locked mode the water column can be wedges are on the side and there is a third wing seen from bottom up 7.5 fathoms, up 15 fathoms, extending on each side from the wedge. These up 30 fathoms, etc. These same scales can be middle wings are adjustable by means of chain used on the other two modes of operation. This links at the bridle end so that the strain can be scope also has a digital read-out of the depth equal on all six wings or distributed between the of water under the boat. centre and lower wings thus allowing the top to rise and create a larger net opening. This was FISHING PROCEDURE desi so as to allow the net to perform as a mi trawl bottom trawl. Light dwater trawl for rollers were added to reduce wear and on the the same as fishing for sh. net when passed close to bottom and still would sets his course on the automatic pilot be able to be hauled on a net drum. This net was tow and the net is streamed off the drum, down the also constructed without laceage ropes on the for- ramp with the net sounder transducer installed on ward belly sections. the headline. Next, sixty fathom bridles are shot, with about four hundred and fifty pound A barrier panel, constructed of 22 inch weights placed five fathoms from the net on each mesh, was installed across the opening of the net lower bridle. The door legs are attached on about half way down the #1 belly section. The each bridle using a sliding kelly's eye. When function of this panel was to prevent the entrance all the bridles are out and the strain comes on of basking sharks which caused great damage to the five square meter Suberkrub midwater doors, fine mesh trawls in the experiments carried out which are slung from the gantry on both sides of in 1976. It was thought that a shark in the path the stern ramp, the speed of the vessel is of the net would strike the panel causing it to increased and the main winch is engaged in re either swim ahead or up or down rather than going verse allowing the warps to run out until the through the panel into the bag. (See Appendix 4 allotted amount is reached. The trawl is then for a plan of this trawl.) allowed to settle until the net sounder registers
2 the appropriate distance of the footrope from the fathoms from the headline. (The net had an esti bottom, at which time the speed of the boat is mated opening of ten fathoms.) Adjustments were increased in order to maintain this distance. The made to the floats on the headline, to the bridles speed of towing and length of the warps that are and the bridle rigging, and to the bridle weight let out control the distance of the net from the locations. They could be from the wing sea bed. ends to fi ve fathoms or twenty fathoms from the wing ends. For an anation of the bridle When the allotted towing time has been arrangement, see Page . AI so adj ustments \~ere completed, the trawl is taken back. The main made to the doors to create more spread on the winch is engaged to bring up the warps. When net thus adding strain to the headline and foot the doors reach the gantry, they are chained up, rope. None of the above seen~d to help the sit then the bridles and the net are taken in on uation. These changes took up to 13 tows over the net drum, unclipping the headline transducer three days during which time there were little when it comes aboard. The complete codend is or no pink shrimp (PandalllS caught. On hauled up the ramp and untied. A section of the the 14th tow a basking shark passed nto the net deck is opened up hydraulically to reveal a hold through the shark barrier and out through the #5 ing bin below deck. The catch is dumped into belly section. The barrier panel was therefore this bin and the hatch closed again. The codend removed which rid the net of more than half of is retied and preparations are made to reset the multiple footrope echoes and also catches of for the next tow. shrimp increased from 600 pounds to 1,200 pounds. Success was, however short lived In the next After the gear is set again, the crew tow, the bottom port wing and all the under side go below deck to the fish room where the shrimp of the net was torn out. It was obviously are hauled out of the holding bin and any necessary at this nt to change over to the bycatch such as capel in, redfish, etc., are 2462 Mesh Trawl. picked out of the catch. The shrimp are placed in plastic bags of twenty to twenty-five pound It had been found that there were quite lots and are stowed in the hold in layers with high catches of white mll1 t.iden about five or six inches of ice between each tata) compared to pink S area so layer. while the nets were bei chiln~Jed, the vessel steamed to Area I 11), in TRIP REPORTS which there had been te shrimp in 1976. A total of seven trips were made by the stern trawler, "Scotia Cape", whi le fishing for In this new area catches proved to be shrimp with a midwater trawl. Due to deterior quite low, count per pound to be quite high, but ating fall weather and unfortunate delays during with no white shrimp catches. After one day the the experiment, the vessel fished only 67 days vessel moved back to Area II. Here catches with of the 80 planned days of the charter. (See the 2462 trawl from 900 to 1,900 pounds Table VIII, Page 19, for summary of charter days.) per five hour tow with the white shrimp catch averaging about 10% of the total. The white Following is a trip by trip account of shrimp were not culled from the catch but were shrimp midwater exploration. Summary of daily stored with the pink shrimp on ice to see if two sheets are included at the end of the report. they could be separated when processed ashore by Six areas were fished during this experiment machine. The results were as expected; most of (See Fi gure II, Page 11 ). the white shrimp went through the machine with the shells of the pink shri , the few remaining All weights given are onboard estimated being picked out by the pl on the weights only. processing line.
Period: June 28 July 7 red- Net Used: (1) 2462 Mesh Midwater Trawl (2) 3-Bridl Blaeksprutte Trawl The 3-Bridle Blaeksprutte Trawl was The 2462 mesh trawl took very installed on the drum to be used first with the shape in the water as seen by the Elac sounder. 2462 mesh trawl stored on deck as a spare. The A very fine was recorded the sounder area fished was number II (See Figure II, Pagell), thus the net was e to be a fathom which is a commercially known shrimp ground in from bottom with little or no damage. the Gulf of St. Lawrence. There was found to be a large number of Since most Canadian fishermen are not shrimp meshing in the three-inch belly section familiar with the Blaeksprutte trawl there was a just ahead of the 1 1/2 inch section of the codend. period needed to adjust the net to our Canadian This could be due to back pressure causing the system of fishing as well as familiarizing the three-inch mesh to open. There were no shrimp captain and crew. Also, since light ground meshing in the six inch section, therefore, the rollers were installed on the net, which is not meshes must be remaining elongated as expected. a common practice since chain or leadline is generally used, there were problems recording a The Elac and Simrad echo scopes were good net opening on the headline transducer. installed on the vessel prior to this trip but Interference from the rollers caused multiple were not connected up to the vessel's equipment, footrope echoes ranging from six fathoms to 12 therefore, they were not able to be used. 3 Trip # 2 solid to the gallows. After 11 tows the doors were changed for the midwater ones. On July 27 Period: July 10 - July 19 the main shaft of the port winch broke and the Area Fished: Area II vessel had to return to Caraquet for repairs. Net Used: 2462 Mesh Midwater Trawler After 17 tows, the total catch for the Prior to this trip some adjustments were trip was 22,850 pounds of pink shrimp; 5,795 made to the net. Fifty meshes were added to each pounds of redfish; 530 pounds of immature redfish, belly of the last three inch section next to the 815 pounds of white shrimp, with 400 pounds of 1 1/2 inch section thus increasing the mesh count other mixed fish. across the bottom of the belly from 100 to 150. This was done to increase the internal surface On the average catches seemed to be about area of the net and allow the 3 inch mesh of that the same using both types of doors. The net was section to close more in relation to the openin~ able to be towed two to six feet from bottom with of the 1 1/2 inch mesh. Also, since the net was no problem. The "tickler" chain was left on the being fished about six feet from bottom, it was net since good results were found the previous concluded that if a tickler chain of some sort was trip. The Elac and Simrad echo scopes functioned allowed to drag on the bottom just ahead of the well during the trip and were used rather exten footrope, this would cause shrimp to jump up and sively. become trapped in the net. Consequently, a light 3/8 inch chain, n~asuring 100 feet in length, was attached to the net at the ends of the lower wings thus creating a loop from one wing to the Period: August 10 August 18 other. Ideally, the chain should drag about six Area Fished: Area II feet ahead of the bosom footrope. It was 'common' Net Used: 2462 Mesh Midwater Trawl chain, therefore, if it became caught on bottom it would break thus causing no damage to the net. Due to winch problems, the experiment was held up nearly two weeks prior to this trip. The echoscopes were functional this trip. The vessel used the Suberkrub midwater doors since The sounder that was of main interest was the it was believed that the Polyvalent doors caused Elac Shrimplupe. Since it was able to read the problems sustained by the winch. simultaneously with the echograph one could get a good profile of the net until it was towed to about On August 11, in tow # 5, a bottom wing, six feet from bottom then the shrimplupe with its #1, 2 and 3 bellies of the net were torn. The fine tuning, would allow the net to be passed as wing, #1 and 2 bellies had to be replaced and # 3 close as two feet. Shrimp echoes were constant belly was repaired. This took about 12 hours and very strong on the lupe and in a matter of labour on deck. days all the person on watch needed was the shrimp lupe with the echograph used to set the net and The main area of concentration in the adjust it for towing close to bottom. previous trips was the south and eastern portion of Area II but in this trip shrimp catches were In eight fishing days the total catch found to be lower. The vessel moved more to the was 40,840 pounds of pink shrimp; 4,225 pounds of north and westerly in this area and found catches redfish; 1,240 pounds of immature redfish; 965 to be higher with white shrimp catches, which pounds of white shrimp, and 730 pounds of other averaged about 5 - 10% previously, to be much mixed fish such as capel in, jelly fish, etc. A lower and in some tows none at all. Some tows basking shark was caught on July 16, but because showed a large redfish bycatch increase but the it was immature (measuring 12 - 15 feet long) it immature redfish catch remained at its previous did no damage to the trawl but passed into the level of 5 - 10%. codend and was hauled aboard with the catch. The total catch for this trip was 31,120 pounds of shrimp; 26,150 pounds of redfish, 1,580 pounds of immature redfish; 209 pounds of white Period: 21 - July 28 shrimp with 1,230 pounds of other mixed fish. Fi Area II Net shed: 2462 Mesh Midwater Trawl Prior to this trip the five square meter Period: August 21 - August 30 Suberkrub doors were changed for Polyvalent bottom Area Fished: Area II doors. It was felt that since we were fishing so close to bottom the midwater doors may sometimes The 3-Bridle Blaeksprutte Trawl, which be in contact and if this happened would tend to had been repaired after damage sustained in Trip fall over. The Polyvalent doors would serve as a #1, was installed on the net drum to be used this ground trawl door and if the net had to be lifted trip with the 2462 Mesh Trawl stored on deck as a they could also serve as a midwater door. The spare. midwater doors were carried on board the vessel for comparison tows to be made. No other adjust The same problems developed this trip ments were made to the net. with the net as was encountered the first trip, multiple footropes on the echograph. Danish It was found with the Polyvalent doors experts were consulted on the use of this net and that in order to maintain a towing speed of 1 - 2 several adjustments were made in the net for the knots, increased RPMs on the main engine and 25 net transducer, rollers and wing adjustments. fathoms less of main warp were needed. Also, due These did not seem to greatly solve the problems to the location of the gallow blocks, there was so the light footrope rollers were removed and replaced with chain and leadline. Also the some difficulty in getting the doors to haul up 4 ining mately 2400 pounds of shrimp on the deck of the 'Scotia Cape'.
5 tickler chain that was used on the 2462 trawl was 2462 Mesh net. The #4 (3-inch) belly section and installed on the net; but because of the longer half of the #3 belly section (See Appendix 2) had wings, the chain had to be clamped on the footrope constant incidental catches of shrimp meshing. part way down the wings in order to allow the Two new sections were constructed of 2 1/4 inch chain to set about six feet ahead of the bosom of knotless netting to replace these three-inch the net. This change rid the net of all its sections, thus creating a longer more gradual multiple footropes and a fine thin line was tapered net of smalleY' mesh. These sections, recorded on the echograph. however, were not immediately replaced on the net because some trial sets were to be conducted From this point on the net obtained good during the first part of the trip. comparable catches to the 2462 mesh trawl until the 11th tow when the tickler chain hooked on Tests were first conducted in Area III, bottom and parted the footrope where it was the vicinity of the sunken oil barge, Irving attached on the starboard side and tore the net Whale. Position is listed as 47° 22' 13" Nand back to the codend. It had to be replaced for the 63° 19' 53" W, on the northern shore of Prince 2462 mesh trawl which was used the remainder of Edward Island. Previously made underwater films the trip. of the barge showed shrimp swimming and the inter est of P.E.I. fishermen had been aroused regard Total catches for the trip were 36,025 ing the possible existence of a shrimp ground pounds of pink shrimp; 17,765 pounds of redfish; there. Four tows were made in this area within 881 pounds of small redfish; 1,290 pounds of white a 10 mile radius of the barge but with no shrimp shrimp; and 3,130 pounds of other mixed fish such catches. as cod, capel in, jellyfish, etc. The next area tested was in Area IV on Trip # 6 mud bottom between Prince Edward Island and Cape Breton Island and into the Northumberland Strait. Period: September 1 - September 12 Ground fishermen and scallop fishermen report Net Used: 2462 Mesh Midwater Trawl shrimp in this area. Four tows were made with no shrimp catches except for a tow made south of This trip was designated as one to test Murray Harbour towards Pictou Island, N.S. where other shrimp grounds as well as search for new about 10 pounds of shrimp were caught which were ones. The first area tested, Area V, was Canso identified as Pandalus montigui. These were a Bank off Nova Scotia. The shrimp catches were commercial shrimp but are not found in great low with high incidental catches of silver hake abundance in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. and squid. The vessel then moved to Louisburg Hole off Louisburg, Nova Scotia, Area VI. In this The next area designated to be tested area catches were a bit higher but white shrimp was off Point Riche but the vessel ran into bad were also high, often up to 33% of the total weather enroute to Newfoundland and had to seek shrimp catch. The vessel then moved north east shelter in Grindstone, Magdalen Islands. The to Burgeo Bank area, Newfoundland, looking for vessel had to remain in port for six days due to possible new grounds. A tow was tried here with weather. During this time the new sections were no shrimp. Steaming west along the coast and up placed on the net. (See Appendix 3). Due to around to Cape St. George there was no smooth this delay, the Point Riche tests were aborted bottom that a tow could be made on. A set was and the vessel proceeded to Northern Anticosti made there but the only catch was a basking shark (Area 11). which tore out of the net in the fourth belly section. Other tows were tried near Cow Head, Shrimp catches in this area were found Newfoundland, but catches were fairly "low. to be low with bycatch of large redfish, white shrimp, and capelin being much higher compared to Because the commercial grounds off previous trips in this area. Although catches Point Riche were inside the twelve mile fishing were lower, the majority of the catch was large limit, no fishing was carried out and the vessel spawn shrimp having a very low count per pound of moved westward toward Anticosti Island. Enroute, 50 to 55. two tows were tried in the Banc area with no shri catches. In II at Anticosti, The net th new sections the encountered bad weather thus received about three use but n that time hindering fishing nnlo~~til"n~ seemed to fish There was no proble~ of shrimp meshing n the new sections but an in The total catch for this trip was 12,425 crease of 25 RPMs were needed to tow the net. pounds of pink shrimp; 4,232 pounds of redfish; 740 pounds of immature redfish; 3,098 pounds of Total catches for this trip were 4,605 white shrimp; and 15,680 pounds of other mixed pounds of pink shrimp; 9,050 pounds of redfish; fish which were mostly silver hake, squid and 920 pounds of small redfish; 652 pounds of white capelin. shrimp; and 2,880 pounds of other mixed fish consisting of mostly capel in. Trip # 7 CATCH VS TIME GRAPHS Period: October 15 - October 29 Net Used: 2462 Mesh Midwater Trawl Graphs I through VI I, pages 20 to 26 , show catches of each tow versus time in months, Upon the completion of the sixth trip the days and hours. The graphs are shaded from 18:00 vessel developed propeller problems and had to be hours of one day to 6:00 hours of the next to put on a marine slip for repairs. This caused a show the dark phase although actual darkness dur delay in the experiment of four weeks. During ing the summer months is only seven to eight hours this time new sections were constructed for the 6 in duration. Catches recorded are estimated weights on By examlnlng Graphs I through V, pages board vessel and correspond to Tables I through VII 20 to 24, with the exception of the first part of at the back of the report. The tin~ given on the Trip #1, one can see that average tows made dur graphs for each tow is approximately the mid-point ing the latter part of the afternoon and evening of the tow, for example, if the tow is from 10:00 produced the highest catches with reduced amounts hours to 14:00 hours the time on the graph cor after midnight and early morning. There may be responds to 12:00 hours. several variables which could change this pattern such as inconsistent net configuration, the moon MIDWATER VS GROUND SHRIMP TRAWLING phase, water temperature and salinity, seasonal concentrations of shrimp, weather (wind and sea) Commercial ground shrimp trawler catches and degree of sunshine; however, one area which were recorded during the 1977 season from various showed fairly consistent results was Area II, sidetrawlers in the Caraquet, N.B. area. Tables Northern Anticosti. Since Trips #6 and 7 were IX, X and XI at the back of the report show the used in testing and searching for new shrimp data collected and analyzed from a 65, 72 and 85 grounds one cannot include them in this compari foot trawler respectively. Also included is son. total hours of fishing, average shrimp and small redfish catch per hour of effort of the season. An analysis of the 'Scotia Cape' catch This data can be compared to that of the 'Scotia data (Table XII), giving the average shrimp Cape' given in Table XII. The three side trawlers catch per hour that the net was actually fishing fished solely in Area II, Northern Anticosti. The plus the overall average for the charter period, 'Scotia Cape's' catches were taken from all six shows that, with the exception of Trips #1, 6 and areas shown on page 11. 7, the yield exceeds 235 pounds per hour. This is a marked increase compared to similar data BRIDLE ARRANGEMENTS collected from 65, 72, and 85 foot commercial shrimp trawlers (Tables IX, X and XI). Average The common method of connecting a mid yield is less than 165 pounds for the 65 foot water net to the suberkrub doors is shown in vessel using a #36 shrimp trawl, 175 pounds for System I on page 35. This system was used with the 72 foot vessel using a #36 shrimp trawl, and the 2462 Mesh Midwater Trawl. The lengths of the 210 pounds for the 85 foot vessel using a #41 bridles were 60 fathoms (360 feet) with 30 foot shrimp trawl. door legs totalling 390 feet from the wing ends to the doors, with 450 pounds of weight 30 feet Average catches per hour of small red from each lower wing end. fish remained less than 15 pounds for the 'Scotia Cape' and the seasonal average was only eight Since the 3-Bridle Blaeksprutte Trawl has pounds whereas the seasonal average for the 65 three wings on each side, a bridle system had to foot sidetrawler was 71 pounds, for the 72 foot be arranged so that the strain from the middle boat 63 pounds, and the 85 foot boat 56 pounds. wing would be taken by the top and bottom door Immature redfish consisted only of 2.5% of the legs since there is not a third door leg and the seasonal total catch for the Scotia Cape with midwater door must remain balanced in order to 57.8% of the catch being shrimp, (over 160,000 function properly. System II illustrates how pounds). This is an excellent ratio compared to the bridle from the middle wing goes out parallel 18.6% to 36.1% of immature redfish to shrimp to the top and bottom bridles for 20 fathoms then (65 foot boat, Table IX), 21.6% to 42.8% (72 foot branches to two separate bridles which connect to boat, Table X), 13.3% to 28.4% (85 foot boat, the top and bottom bridles 40 fathoms from the net. Table XI). Of course, one cannot make a truly By this system, the strain from the middle wing is valid comparison based on these figures because evenly distributed on both top and bottom bridles. commercial shrimp trawlers do not attempt to fish solely for shrimp but rather depend on groundfish In Denmark where this net is commonly such as redfish and cod to supplement their used as a ground trawl, the middle wing is often catch. High groundfish catches would alter the connected to the top bridle 20 fathoms from the percentage of total catch for the season. The net. During the first trip when difficulties 'Scotia Cape's' main concentration of effort was were encountered in recordi a good footrope of for shri and to reduce immature redfish bycatch. the Blaeksprutte trawl on Elac echograph, the Redfish consisted of 27.8% of the total bridles were from I to System III with another 8.8% ng to other incidental by- as is shown on 35. s was done in an catches such as in and jel sh. effort to solve problem but such was not the case. It was later found in the fifth trip that Since the towing speed used for the the ground rollers caused the problem of multiple 2462 mesh midwater trawl was only one to two knots, footropes. The bridles were then changed back this could be a major factor in the low bycatch of to Sys tem II. immature redfish. The slow speed of the net would permit the small fish to swim out of the path. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The 'Scotia Cape' spent 67 days at sea, Pink shrimp (Pandalus borealis) can be 54 of which were actual fishing days. Of the 54 caught in substantial quantities using pelagic days, or 1296 hours, 785 hours were spent with the or semi-palegic trawls. The midwater net must be net actually in the water. The rest of the ti~ towed very close to bottom to maximize catches was used in hauling back and setting the gear, with this gear. Compared to shrimp caught by which took an hour for each tow, as well as steam~ commercial ground shrimp trawlers, the shrimp ing to new positions, making repairs or adjust~nts caught with the midwater trawl are in very good to the nets and heaving-to because of weather. The condition since there is no debris in the net and 65 foot sidetrawler had 52 actual fishing days are of comparatively large size (averaging 50 with 770.5 fishing hours; the 72 foot vessel had 65 shrimp per pound). 62 fishing days with 1,030.5 fishing hours, and 7 the 85 foot vessel had 77 days with 1,173 fishing was the best ever landed in that port and had the hours. Comparing the ratio of days fishing to highest yield of end product per pound of catch hours of fishing the 'Scotia Cape'~' effprts were landed. very similar to those of the ground trawlers. This shows that midwater trawling for shrimp can From observations made to date, it is increase productivity per hour of effort by 50 to felt that with further refinement of the 2462 mesh 100% although not necessarily increasing the number net, midwater trawling for shrimp could be quite of hours that the net actually fishes. a viable operation. More experiments should be carried out to solve the problem of shrimp meshing Nets and Equipment in the webbing ahead of the codend. This is most likely due to the meshes being too large in this As described in trip #2, page 5, a section. The three inch meshes were replaced with tickler chain was installed on the midwater net 2 1/4 inch meshes (See Appendix 3) on the final between the wing tips so that it hung down and trip but the new arrangement was not fished a ahead of the foot rope as the net passed close to sufficient length of time to determine if this bottom. See a perspective drawing of the net with solved the problem. the tickler chain on page 36. It was felt that during daylight hours when the shrimp were on the Since the 2462 mesh trawl originally mud bottom the tickler chain would cause the shrimp utilized a Diamond 5B frame as a basis, it has to jump into the path of the net, the footrope of developed into a very long net and would probably which was passing three to six feet from the be too hard to tow for any commercial Gillf shrimp bottom. It is the opinion of the author that this trawler (less than 100 ft). However, the net could chain was a major contributing factor to the high be scaled down to suit existinq trawlers of this catches of shrimp in daylight and twilight phase class. - - tows. Another modification to consider would No sets were made actually comparing be to construct wider top and bottom wedges. This catches using the tickler chain to those without would create a wider net opening, covering more the chain, but it is thought that without this horizontal area for each sweep of the net. The technique, shrimp catches would be almost 50% less, total swept volume of the frontal opening could major productive fishing without the chain taking however be controlled by the trawl being scaled place only during twilight and darkness hours when down proportionally or alternatively the vertical the shrimp become active. opening of the net could be reduced. There is no actual contact of the net The 2462 mesh midwater trawl could also with the bottom thus reducing wear and tear. If be used as a pair trawl between smaller boats. a peak or obstruction on bottom is seen on the Pair trawling requires no doors and towing resis vertical sounder or net sounder, the midwater tance in the water is reduced by 40% or more. trawl can be lifted to avoid any contact with Thus two boats with two hundred horsepower engines bottom whereas a ground trawl unavoidably clashes minimum could use such a trawl with one of the with the obstacle and if it is sharp or solid boats having a net sounder installed. like a rock ledge the net will in all likelihood be badly damaged with the possibility of total The 3-Bridle Blaeksprutte trawl, which loss resulting in high expenses in replacement. was the second net used for this experiment, only The tickler chain of the midwater net, if it saw action in trips #1 and 5. In trip #1 a pro becomes caught on such an obstruction, since it blem was encountered in recording a good footrope is made of light steel, would break and pull free of the net on the Elac echograph. The bottom half requiring only rejoining or replacement after of the net was torn out on bottom as a result and hauling back. It is far cheaper to repair a consequently the net was out of commission for parted chain than to repair parted ground rollers, three trips while new sections were purchased and footropes and possibly torn and damaged nets. By repairs made. On trip #5 the net was used again placing a multiple tickler chain system on the and through experimentation it was found that the net, the shrimp catch in all probability, would ar()undriDllers caused the multiple footrope problem. be higher than that a net with a single chain. were removed and aced with chain and on trip Another di of the trawl chain hooked on bottom and is it picks up rocks lumps mud which tore the net back from where it was attached. Due roll back into the net to the codend. This results to the fact that the wings were longer on this in the shrimp catch becoming damaged due to the net than the 2462 mesh trawl, the chain transfered dead weight of the foreign objects. When shrimp from the 1 , coul d be attache.d at the become crushed, enzymes, which are normally con wing ends, the n then would not set tained by the body cells when they are-alive, are about six feet ahead of the bosom footrope as released into the body and immediately begin to desired when the net passed close to the bottom. break down the flesh causing a discolouration and Thus the chain was attached about ten feet back early deterioration. The midwater trawl does not from the wing ends. Therefore the cause of the pick up foreign objects thus the shrimp is not net tearing on this trip was due to a tickler damaged and the end product after a trip of seven chain that was too short for the net. to eight days is of much better quality. The shrimp caught with the midwater trawl are also It is felt that this net is constructed much larger in size than ground trawl shrimp, that of materials which are too light for use in our is count per pound of shrimp is much lower (about present Canadian fishing systems and is also 50 - 65 compared to 70 - 100 of ground trawl fairly complicated. The wire headlines were found shrimp). This gives a higher yield when the to be too small and the twine too fine to be used shrimp are processed, as reported by the owners of on the stern ramp trawler and even more so when the 'Scotia Cape'. The quality of shrimp landed 8 used with the light ground rollers. A great amount of chafing was apparent when the net was brought echo, the footrope display and the bottom display. up on the stern ramp of the 'Scotia Cape'. In The 2462 mesh trawl had an opening of about seven Denmark, this net is used by side trawlers which fathoms, the bottom is shown three fathoms from have a net drum mounted fore and aft next to the the footrope so that the two echoes could be starboard bulwarks, or the 'working side' of the identified but during the course of the experiment vessel, therefore the net encounters little or the bottom echo was usually located 1/2 to 1 no chafing on the boat. Danish captains also fathom from the footrope. Display 'A' shows how know the section of bottom that they are fishing shrimp echoes appear on the screen. They are very on very thoroughly, every rock and other obstruc short but wide fine sharp echoes while redfish tion having been plotted by Decca. They can fish appear to be narrower and more rounded or balloon on good smooth bottom, avoiding dangerous sections shaped as shown on Display 'B'. and thus are able to use nets of very fine twine, minimizing the resistance of the gear. The electronic equipment is a very use ful asset to a vessel engaged in mi dwater trawl·· In European countries where fishing ing for shrimp but cannot be used alone. The techniques have been greatly refined fishermen netsounder recorder should also be used to obtain find that by knowing the bottom well and taking a good profile of the net and the bottom. The time to adjust their nets between daylight and apparatus does however have a few drawbacks in dark, production for each hour of effort is that it is very sensitive to interference. increased. Faulty net sounder cable or other malfunctioning equipment will cause static displays on the screen. Electronics On occasion even thunder and lightening storms interfered with the echoscope's recording. The Simrad Cl Echo Scope which was in stalled on the vessel worked well. It prOVided The equipment is rather large to be an accurate rapid digital readout of the depth installed in the wheelhouse of most small (less of the water plus it was very sensitive to than 100 foot) sidetrawlers as was found in the schools of fish, such as capelin and redfish, and 1976 experiment, but fit rather well in the 'Scotia it could provide a digital readout of the depths Cape's' roomy wheelhouse. of these schools in relation to the surface of the water. The basic function of this scope was to White Shrimp detect shrimp as they rise off bottom. Since the vertical distance between the transmitter and the A species of shrimp which totalled about bottom would be about 150 fathoms, the return 3% of the 'Scotia Cape's' catch for the season echo from any small fish such as shrimp would be was Pasiphaea multidentata. These white shrimp very weak if any at all. The shrimp would pro were caught with the mi dwater trawl mi xed with bably have to be in large numbers very close pink shrimp from a to 25% by weight depending on together in order to cause an echo on the scope. the area fished. The highest concentrations were Once the shrimp were over a fathom from bottom found in the southern and eastern portion of Area echoes would disperse and be lost. II and in Area VI off LOUisburg. Since separat ing the white shrimp from the pink by hand was a It is the opinion of the author that tedious job, they were allowed to remain mixed the Scope is not a necessary piece of equipment with the pink shrimp to be separated ashore. It for midwater trawling for shrimp. Since it only was thought, and later proven correct, that due displays shrimp as they leave bottom, it cannot to the narrow bodies of the white shrimp, they show where the shrimp are in the water column in would go through the sorting machine with the relation to the bottom through the darkness phase. shells of the pink shrimp. Any remaining white A midwater shrimp trawler skipper must assume shrimp left in the processed pink would be later that shrimp are up in the water. picked out in the packaging line when the product was inspected. No attempt was made at the plant The Elac Shrimplupe echo scope was to process white shrimp for sale since it would piece of electronic apparatus installed in require closing down the machines, washing pro- sounder system for this charter. Since cessing the white then closi down n for was converted or to the experiment washi to start on the nk whi meant upon's El ' loss me transmitter wi th its own recei ver it a very useful piece of equipment. Shrimplupe n the 1 could display each echo received by the net white much more than 24 transducer. With the two sounders operating simul hours when stored loose on ice or in astic bags. taneously the echo graph was used to set the net Some tests were made this for life at the proper distance from the bottom then and it was found that if shrimp were washed observed from time to time for changes in bottom thoroughly, allowed to drain completely and stored contour while the shrimplupe would be watched in bags of less than ten pounds with a good constantly for shrimp echoes and the distance that drainage system while on ice, they would keep up the net footrope from the bottom. to four days before showing signs of turning dark in colour as experienced in 1976. Echoes of shrimp were very strong and constant and in time one could determine the Some samples, collected from Trip #7 amount of shrimp caught in a tow by the size and and frozen in small lots in a domestic freezer, frequency of echoes displayed on the scope. Shrimp were taken to the Technology Laboratory in Halifax echoes could also be separated from those of other to be analyzed. They were divided into groups of species such as redfish. Elac Shrimplupe Displays large and small and tests conducted as follows: shown on page 38 are simulated drawings of the display screen of the LAZ 61. Using the scale on the left of the screen one can see the headline 9 TABLE XII I
COUNT WT. LOSS IN MOISTURE* SIZE PER LB. COOKING %MEAT %WASTE FAT* PROTEIN* Small 108 14.02% 20.4 77.5 79.0% 6.3% 16.1% Large 152 11 .58% 24.25 68.29 87.7% 6.3% 16.2%
* Fi gures given are percentages of the actual meat weights.
The amount given in the '% Meat' column Immature redfish bycatches have been was achieved by carefully hand peeling the shrimp reduced to approximately 2 to 5% of the total catch and is therefore not a valid indication of the while still maintaining a substantial catch of meat %yield on a commercial processing line. commercial size redfish. Small quantities of capelin and white shrimp were occasionally caught Some thought should be given to this and while the commercial potential of the former species of shrimp, considering this newly obtained species is well known, very little information is information regarding better handling and holding available regarding the white shrimp. Exploitation procedures and perhaps new end products since the of this resource may become possible, although in species appears to be on a constant increase in vestigations will be required regarding the extent abundance in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. and locations of stocks together with preservation and processing. Basking Sharks A few basking sharks were caught in 1977, During the 1976 experiment, basking but the gear damage resulting from these encounters sharks caused a great amount of damage to the was very small compared to that experienced during shrimp midwater trawls. This problem was not so the previous year. great during the 1977 season. A total of three basking sharks entered the experimental nets, but only one (measuring about 12 to 15 feet in length) was hauled aboard the boat and this did no damage to the net but remained in the codend with the shrimp catch. The other two sharks passed on REFERENCES through the net during the actual fishing operation causing some damage to belly sections but none to the codend of the net. SUMMARY 1. Shrimp Midwater Trawl Development - 1976 Gulf of St. Lawrence Midwater shrimp trawling shows great by: Allen Tobey promise for the harvesting of pink shrimp Environment Canada (Pandalus borealis). By using a tickler chain Fisheries and Marine Service system on the midwater trawl sizeable catches Technical Report No. 701 could be made during both the daylight and dark ness hours. This method could almost double a 2. Conference on the Canadian Shrimp Fishery fisherman's catch during a normal length of a trip. Proceedings Also the shrimp caught are of much larger size and St. John, New Brunswick better quality compared to shrimp from ground October 27 - 29, 1970 trawlers since debris and foreign objects which Canadian Fisheries Report No. 17 damage shrimp in a net are not picked up by the mi dwater trawl.
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-:(?> AREA V GULF OF ST. LAWRENCE IGURE- Ir.. ~I TRIP 111 Area Fished: Northern Anticosti TABLE I
DEPTH OF DEPTH OF CATCHES (pounds) TIME TIME TRAWL WATER SMALL WHITE TOW DATE SET HAULED (Fathoms) (Fathoms) SHRIMP REDFISH REDFISH SHRIMP OTHER Net Used: 3-Brid1e B1eaksprutte Trawl
1 29/06 16:00 18: 134 135 0 200 2 0 100 2 29/06 19:45 20:00 154 155 Problem with net transducer. 3 29/06 21:25 22: 157 158 Recording multiple footropes on net sounder. 4 29/06 23:25 24:00 160 163 0 500 5 0 0 5 30/06 06:50 09:00 154 155 0 200 10 0 0 6 30/06 11:00 14: 159 160 0 200 0 0 0 7 30/06 16:00 19 00 158 159 0 1,500 10 0 0 8 30/06 20:50 24:00 156 157 30 500 10 0 10 9 01/07 01:50 06 00 148 149 350 100 10 5 0 10 01/07 08:00 12:30 146 147 250 200 10 10 0 11 01/07 13: 30 17:30 146 147 150 300 10 100 0 12 01/07 19:45 23:00 149 150 175 200 10 50 0 13 02/07 01:30 06:30 154 155 150 600 10 100 0 14 02/07 07:30 12:30 156 157 600 500 100 100 0 15 02/07 14:30 19:00 145 146 1,200 600 100 100 0 16 02/07 20:30 01:00 149 150 15 5 0 0 0
Tore net - changed to 2462 Mesh Midwater Trawl
17 03/07 09:30 13:30 129 130 5 100 1 0 0 18 03/07 17:30 20:00 129 130 500 600 100 0 100 19 03/07 23:00 03:20 129 130 250 300 10 0 200 20 04/07 04:00 08:20 129 130 175 100 10 0 100 21 04/07 10:15 14:30 145 146 700 100 20 400 0 22 04/07 15:30 19:45 147 148 850 100 100 150 0 23 04/07 21:15 02 00 156 157 1,000 600 100 100 0 24 05/07 03:00 08:00 154 155 1,600 300 100 50 0 25 05/07 09:00 14:00 159 160 1,800 200 75 100 0 26 05/07 15 :30 20:30 154 155 1,450 150 25 20 0 27 05/07 21:45 03:00 157 158 800 1,500 50 20 0 28 06/07 04:00 09:30 153 154 1,100 500 150 25 0 TOTALS: 8 fishing 108.5 hours 12,750 10,155 1,027 1,330 510 days of fishing
12 Area Fished: Northern Anticosti Net Used: 2462 Mesh Midwater Trawl TRIP fI2 TABLE II
DEPTH OF DEPTH OF CATCHES (pounds) TIME TU1E NET WATER SMALL WHITE TOW DATE SET HAULED (Fathoms) (Fathoms) SHRIMP REDFISH REDFISH SHRIMP OTHER 1 11/07 15:45 158 159 1,100 200 100 75 25 2 11/07 22:00 03 00 157 158 700 600 50 10 10 3 12/07 04:00 00 155 156 1,200 100 50 50 25 4 12/07 14:00 30 151 152 1,100 200 100 300 50 5 12/07 20:30 30 148 149 1,350 100 100 50 10 6 13/07 02:30 :00 149 150 1,700 100 15 10 10 7 13/07 09:30 14 30 157 158 1,700 100 20 5 50 8 13/07 15: 30 30 146 147 750 100 20 5 50 9 13/07 19:30 30 146 147 1,400 200 100 10 25 10 14/07 01:30 30 153 154 1,300 200 50 10 10 11 14/07 08:00 13 148 149 1,600 200 50 10 25 12 14/07 14:15 15 149 150 1,900 100 10 10 50 13 14/07 20:15 30 153 154 1,400 400 10 10 100 14 15/07 02:30 30 146 147 1,525 100 25 10 25 15 15/07 08:30 :30 153 154 1,350 150 10 25 20 16 15/07 14:30 30 149 150 1,700 75 10 10 20 17 15/07 20:30 30 153 154 1,200 500 150 25 10 18 16/07 02:30 30 152 153 1,400 100 100 50 50 19 16/07 08:30 13 30 156 157 1,300 100 50 25 50 20 16/07 14:30 30 150 151 1,600 100 10 10 20 21 16/07 20:45 :00 153 154 1,665 100 50 10 25 22 17/07 03:00 :00 152 153 1,100 100 50 25 10 23 17/07 09:00 00 155 156 2,100 100 25 50 10 24 17/07 15:00 15 150 151 2,450 50 10 50 10 25 17/07 21:00 30 156 157 1,800 100 15 10 10 26 07 03:30 15 154 155 2,350 50 10 10 10 27 07 10: :00 152 2 100 100 50 100 20 TOTALS: 8 Fishing 40,840 4,225 1,240 965 730 days
13 Area Fished: Northern Anticosti TRIP 113 Net Used: 2462 Mesh Midwater Trawl TABLE III
DEPTH DEPTH CATCHES (pounds) TIME TIME OF NET OF WATER SMALL WHITE TOW DATE SET HAULED (Fathoms) (Fathoms) SHRIMP REDFISH REDFISH SHRIMP OTHER
1 22/07 17:30 22: 147 148 1,120 100 20 25 10 2 22/07 23:30 04:50 152 153 1,260 100 30 50 5 3 23/07 05:30 10:30 155 156 1,540 100 25 100 5 4 23/07 15:15 20:30 154 155 1,320 100 100 75 10 5 23/07 21:30 02: 151 152 1,600 100 25 100 10 6 24/07 03:15 08:15 137 138 1,360 50 20 75 10 7 24/07 09:00 14:00 149 150 1,220 1,500 10 50 5 8 24/07 15:00 20:00 153 154 1,360 1,200 20 50 15 9 24/07 21:00 02:00 150 151 660 500 200 10 100 10 25/07 03:00 08:00 147 148 960 500 25 10 40 11 25/07 09:00 14:00 151 152 2,020 20 5 100 20 12 25/07 16:00 20:30 151 152 1,150 1,200 15 75 50 13 26/07 04:00 09:00 137 138 900 75 10 15 25 14 26/07 10:30 15:30 149 150 2,020 50 5 25 30 15 26/07 16:30 21 30 148 149 1,920 50 5 20 25 16 26/07 22:30 03:30 147 148 1,060 100 10 10 30 1 'J Of'\ 17 27/07 04:30 09:30 150 151 ..L,....Jv ...... 50 5 25 10
Stopped fishing due to main winch problems.
TOTALS: 6 days 86 hours of 22,850 5,795 530 815 400 fishing fishing
14 TRIP 114 Area Fished: Northern Anticosti TABLE IV Net Used: 2462 Mesh Midwater Trawl
DEPTH DEPTH CATCHES (pounds) TIME TIME OF NET OF WATER SMALL WHITE TOW DATE SET HAULED (Fathoms) (Fathoms) SHRIMP REDFISH REDFISH SHRIMP OTHER 1 10/08 19:30 24: 152 153 840 100 5 10 10 2 11/08 01:30 150 151 1,220 200 25 20 15 3 11/08 07:30 12:30 148 149 1,420 100 10 20 25 4 11/08 13:30 30 149 150 1,560 200 50 25 50 5 11/08 19:30 150 151 1,340 3,000 25 20 30 6 12/08 12:30 148 149 1,620 2,000 25 0 40 7 12/08 19:15 148 149 1,380 2,000 50 50 8 13/08 00:00 149 150 780 3,000 150 °0 75 9 13/08 06:15 15 144 145 1,380 2,000 100 0 50 10 13/08 12:15 17 15 149 150 1,680 1,500 200 0 100 11 13/08 18:15 23 15 145 146 1,460 2,000 150 0 75 12 14/08 00:15 05 30 150 151 1,000 2,500 200 a 100 13 14/08 06:30 30 143 144 1,940 300 50 25 50 14 14/08 12:30 :30 151 152 1,740 200 50 20 100 15 14/08 18:30 23 30 153 154 1,160 200 25 10 25 16 15/08 00:30 05 30 153 154 1,520 100 10 10 25 17 15/08 06:30 11:30 150 151 1,400 100 15 10 25 18 15/08 12:30 13 151 152 680 3,000 50 0 50 19 15/08 16:00 20: 142 143 860 5,000 40 5 75 20 15/08 21:15 15 152 153 800 100 10 5 20 21 16/08 03:15 15 130 131 880 100 10 5 20 22 16/08 09:15 00 123 124 400 50 300 a 100 23 16/08 15:15 144 145 1,640 100 10 10 50 24 16/08 21:15 152 153 800 100 5 5 25 25 17/08 02:00 149 150 1,000 100 10 5 20 26 17/08 08:00 156 157 620 100 5 4 25
TOTALS: 7 fishing 124 hours f 31,120 26,150 1,580 209 1,230 days
15 TRIP 115 Area Fished: Northern Anticosti TABLE V
DEPTH DEPTH CATCHES (pounds) TIME TIME OF NET OF WATER SMALL WHITE TOW DATE SET HAULED (Fathoms) (Fathoms) SHRIMP REDFISH REDFISH SHRIMP OTHER Net used: 3-Brid1e B1eaksprutte Trawl 1 22/08 03:30 08:30 154 156 100 50 0 500 200 2 22/08 09:45 15: 152 153 1,050 50 0 100 100 3 22/08 17:30 22 30 155 156 275 2,000 0 0 50 4 22/08 23:30 04:30 147 148 800 2,000 0 0 100 5 23/08 05:30 10:30 154 155 1,500 30 1 400 20 6 23/08 12:00 17:15 151 152 2,400 300 10 100 200 7 23/08 18:30 23:30 151 152 1,350 500 5 25 500 8 24/08 00:30 05:30 154 155 1,050 500 10 100 25 9 24/08 06:30 11:30 155 156 1,200 500 10 5 50 10 24/08 12:15 17:30 150 151 1,300 700 5 10 100 11 24/08 18:45 21: 150 151 650 300 5 0 100 Tore net - Changed to 2462 Mesh Midwater Trawl. 12 25/08 00:15 05:15 149 150 1,150 200 10 0 100 13 25/08 06:15 11:15 148 149 725 700 10 0 100 14 25/08 12:30 17:30 135 136 700 200 10 0 100 15 25/08 18:30 23:30 150 151 1,575 100 10 0 100 16 26/08 00:30 05:30 153 154 450 50 5 0 100 17 26/08 06:30 07:15 149 150 Net twisted when set. 18 26/08 07:45 11:45 150 151 1,7/S 100 5 0 100 19 26/08 13:00 18:00 150 151 2,950 200 5 0 100 20 26/08 19:00 24: 151 152 1,250 600 5 0 100 27/08 00:45 06:00 149 150 1,325 310 100 0 100 22 27/08 07:00 12:00 147 148 1,525 3,000 100 0 100 23 27/08 13:00 18:00 152 153 2,225 2,000 50 10 75 24 27/08 19:00 24: 151 152 1,100 400 50 10 100 25 28/08 00:45 06:00 150 151 1,100 400 100 5 50 26 28/08 07:00 12:00 146 147 1,500 1,500 100 5 50 27 28/08 13:00 18:00 151 152 1,700 300 50 5 100 28 28/08 19:00 24:00 149 150 1,200 500 50 5 100 29 29/08 01:00 06:00 149 150 500 200 150 10 200 30 29/08 07:00 12:00 149 150 1,600 75 25 0 10
TOTALS: 8 fishing 151.5 hours 36,025 17,765 881 1,290 3,130 days of fishing
16 TRIP 116 Net Used: 2462 Mesh Midwater Trawl TABLE VI
DEPTH DEPTH CATCHES (pounds) TIME TIME OF NET OF WATER SMALL WHITE TOW DATE SET HAULED (Fathoms) (Fathoms) SHRIMP REDFISH REDFISH SHRIMP OTHER Area Fished: Canso Bank, N.S. 1 02/09 19:15 03 15 103 104 360 75 25 0 2,320 2 03/09 04:15 : 108 109 500 0 0 0 8,500 3 03/09 14:00 17 107 108 80 0 0 0 20 Changed position to area, Nova Scotia 4 04/09 02:00 00 146 147 965 5 0 525 150 5 04/09 08:00 13 00 163 164 749 0 0 403 300 6 04/09 14:10 18 00 145 146 2,770 2 5 680 250 7 04/09 20:00 00 162 163 971 0 0 325 190 8 05/09 02:30 02 35 148 149 Net sounder cable parted. 9 05/09 04:00 144 145 1,560 0 0 840 250 Changed position to Burgeo Bank area, Newfoundland 10 05/09 18:00 00 175 176 0 300 0 0 800 Changed position to Cape St. Area, Newfoundland 11 06/09 02:15 45 154 155 Caught a basking shark. Changed position to Cow Head area, Newfoundland 12 07/09 03:30 7:00 138 139 790 300 400 0 100 13 07/09 08:00 13 00 139 140 890 400 50 0 550 14 08/09 10:30 15 30 174 175 300 300 0 325 400 15 08/09 16:45 21 45 153 154 800 900 75 0 300 Changed position to Bane tieauge area 16 09/09 08:00 30 133 134 0 0 0 0 300 17 09/09 15:30 30 149 150 0 150 0 0 250 Changed position to Northern icosti 18 10/09 12:00 119 120 600 25 20 0 400 19 10/09 23:30 124 125 260 200 0 0 300 20 11/09 05:30 129 130 800 75 15 0 300 21 11/09 19:00 115 116 30 1,500 150 0 0
TOTALS: 10 fishing 93 hours 12,425 4,232 740 3,098 15,680 days of
17 TRIP If7 Net Used: 2462 Mesh Midwater Trawl TABLE VII
DEPTH DEPTH CATCHES (pounds) TIME TIME OF NET OF WATER SMALL WHITE TOW DATE SET HAULED (Fathoms) (Fathoms) SHRIMP REDFISH REDFISH SHRIMP OTHER Trials conducted in area of Whale 1 16/10 13:30 1 :00 32 33 0 0 0 0 6 2 16/10 18:00 20 25 37 38 0 0 0 0 0 3 16/10 21:15 22:00 10 32 0 0 0 0 0 4 16/10 23:30 04 30 30 31 0 0 0 0 0 Changed position to area between Cape Breton and P.E.I. 5 17/10 11:30 15:30 31 32 0 0 0 0 5 6 17/10 19:10 23:30 29 30 0 0 0 0 38 7 18/10 02:20 07:20 22 23 10 0 0 0 121 8 18/10 11:00 13:00 26 27 0 0 0 0 40 Stayed in port for six days due to weather. Changed position to Northern Anticosti 9 25/10 16:00 21:00 145 146 300 100 60 25 65 10 25/10 21:45 22:00 155 156 Net twisted when set. 11 26/10 00:00 05:00 153 154 400 1,400 50 8 350 12 26/10 06:15 11:15 147 148 600 1,500 20 5 75 13 26/10 12:00 17:15 145 146 770 1,000 15 5 180 14 26/10 18:00 23:20 147 148 280 50 25 4 800 15 27/10 00:00 05:15 150 152 370 300 50 10 400 16 27/10 06:30 11:30 144 145 800 1,500 150 75 300 17 27/10 20:00 01:00 149 150 200 1,500 100 0 200 18 28/10 02:00 07:00 128 129 25 1,300 300 20 100 19 28/10 08:00 13:00 142 143 200 100 100 400 100 20 28/10 14:00 19:00 154 155 650 300 50 100 100
TOTALS: 7 fishing 83.5 hours 4,605 9,050 920 652 2,880 days of fishing
18 SUMMARY OF EFFORT DAYS June 28 to October 29, 1978
TABLE VIII
IN PORT DUE TO TRIP STEAMING FISHING TOTAL WEATHER, ETC.
It 1 2 7 0 9
It 2 2 7 0 9
It 3 2 5 0 7
It 4 2 6 0 8
It 5 2 7 0 9
It 6 2 9 0 11
It 7 2 6 6 14
TOTALS 13 48 6 67
19 GRAPH TRIP # 1 3-BRI RUTTE ! 2462 MESH MIDWATER TRAWL RT HAN T leo STI
30
28
26
() 24 » """'! () ::I: N fTl 0 en -z ::I: C Z 0 ::.0 fTl 0
4
24 24 24 24 I I I I JUNE 29 JULY 1 2 :3 4 5 6 TIME (MONTHS, DAYS AND HOURS) GRAPH TR IP # 2 4 2 MESH MIDWATER TRAWL N RT HAN T COS T
:J:
N I-'
JULY 11 13 14 5 16 18 TE ( H, D AND RS GRA TRIP#3 MESH MIDWATER TRAWL RTH ANTI COS T
:I::
N N Z- :I:: C Z 0 ::0 f'I1 0
"'0 0 C Z 0 en
JULY 22 2 25 26 27 TIME (MONTH, DAYS AND HOURS) GRA TRIP#4 MESH MIDWATER TRAWL T HAN T I COS T 30
26
:r.: N W
:2 :r.: c :2 o ;;0 o "tI o
o
A G. 15 6 7 18 AN URS) GRAPH IP # 3 I BLEA I 2462 MESH MIDWATER TRAWL I R 30
28
26
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18
:J: c Z 0 :JJ rr1 '12 0 '"'0 10 0 c z 8 0 (/) 6
4
2
0 , 6 12 18 0 I 24 24 2"4 I I I AUG. 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 TIME (MONTH, DAYS AND HOURS) I GRA #6 M/ TRAWL
::I: rrl ~ en
Z
::I: C Z o :::0 rrl o -0
SE 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 IE MO , AND URS) GRA TRIP # 7 2462 MESH M/W TRAWL
NORTH ANTICOSTI I I 30-lt I I I I 28-ft}t I I I I I I I 024 I I » I IN I ~22 I I :r.: POR fI120 I (f) I DUE N I I 0' Z 18 I 0 I I I :r.: 16 IND c 1 z: I o 14 I I :::0 I M 12 I I 0 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I. . ,I T0 " '" I OCT.16 18 OCT. 25 26 27 28 29 TIME (MONTH, DAYS AND HOURS) TABLE IX 65 FOOT SIDETRAWLER, 1136 SHRIMP TRAWL AREA FISHED: NORTH ANTICOSTI
SMALL TRIP SHRIMP REDFISH COD OTHER '1( REDFISH
1 16,875 7,850 1,650 2,150 5,610 2 16,550 6,900 1,230 2,560 9,055 3 20,875 6,350 885 2,905 5,820 4 12,175 12,000 10,880 4,100 6,875 5 10,140 11,575 10,075 3,025 6,450 6 11,425 8,575 7,225 2,470 11,825 7 15,800 8,450 14,965 4,675 8,025
TOTALS 103,840 61,700 46,910 21,885 53,660 % OF TOTAL CATCH 36.1 21.4 16.3 7.6 18.6 ======:======;=:======~====:IIr'===
AVE. SMALL DATES TOTAL HRS. AVE. SHRIMP REDFISH FISHED TRIP FISHED CATCH/HOUR CATCH/HOUR 1977
1 129 131 43 29/06- 6/07 2 109.5 151 83 18/07-24/07 3 129.5 161 45 28/07- 4/08 4 96.5 126 71 15/08-21/08 5 97 104 66 26/08-31/08 6 99.5 115 119 6/09-12/09 7 109.5 144 73 16/09-25/09
770.5 133 71 52
Note: All weights given in pounds
* OTHER - includes turbot, cape1in, jellyfish, etc.
27 TABLE X 72 FOOT SIDETRAWLER, 1136 SHRIMP TRAWL AREA FISHED: NORTH ANTICOSTI
SMALL TRIP SHRIMP REDFISIl COD OTHER * REDFISH
1 19,270 5,900 115 1,215 3,525 2 19,915 9,625 1,045 1,655 4,860 3 13,320 11,005 250 2,020 4,445 4 19,890 8,000 790 2,140 22,400 5 15,490 5,725 1,390 2,085 4,650 6 14,715 2,690 2,755 5,475 5,775 7 14,065 1,750 2,600 3,830 12,520 8 9,500 6,875 12,760 13,950 5,550 9 1,965 875 80 850 TOTALS 128,130 52,445 21,705 32,450 64,575
% OF TOTAL 42.8 17 .5 7.2 10.8 21.6 CATCH ======:::======
AVE. SMALL DATES TOTAL HRS. AVE. SHRIMP REDFISH FISHED TRIP FISHED CATCH/HOUR CATCH/HOUR 1977
1 135 143 26 30/06- 7/07 2 134 149 36 11/07-18/07 3 117 114 39 22/07-28/07 4 114 174 196 2/08- 9/08 5 124 125 37 16/08-22/08 6 136 108 42 26/08- 1/09 7 137.5 102 91 6/09-13/09 8 112.5 84 66 21/09-27-09 9 20.5 96 41 10- 5
TOTALS 1 030.5 121 63
NOTES: All weights given in pounds.
* Other - includes mostly turbot
28 TABLE XI 85 FOOT SIDETRAWLER, 1141 SHRIMP TRAWL AREA FISHED: NORTH ANTICOSTI SMALL TRIP SHRIMP REDFISH COD OTHER* REDFISH
1 9,775 20,900 775 3,300 5,750 2 18,350 9,800 2,750 2,625 3 17,200 16,000 2,325 4,050 6,300 4 14,650 43,000 1,900 5,200 9,700 5 22,400 15,450 1,000 6,100 6,100 6 10,300 25,645 3,275 3,850 7 10,200 30,700 3,150 5,350 8,800 8 11,050 27,500 1,250 2,100 10,300 9 8,000 4,200 10,400 7,600 5,900 10 14,250 16,500 13,200 5,400 11 4,500 750 4,300 1,200
TOTALS 140,675 210,445 20,800 57,225 65,925 % OF TOTAL 28.4 42.6 4.2 11. 6 13.3 CATCH
======m======~:======
AVE. SMALL DATES TOTAL HRS. AVE. SHRIMP REDFISH FISHED TRIP FISHED CATCH/HOUR CATCH/HOUR 1977
1 133 73 43 28/06- 5/07 2 112.5 163 23 9/07-15/07 3 112 154 56 19/07-25/07 4 105.5 139 92 29/07- 4/08 5 107.5 208 57 9/08-16/08 6 118.5 87 32 20/08-26/08 7 120 85 73 30/08- 5/09 8 102 108 101 9 85 94 69 22/09-27/09 10 130 110 42 4/10-12/10 11 47 96 26 17/10-20/10
TOTALS 1,173 120 56 77 days -======NOTE: All weights given in pounds * Other includes turbot, cape1in, jellyfish, etc.
29 SCOTIA CAPE (118 FOOT), MIDWATER TRAWL TABLE XII
WHITE SMALL SHRIMP REDFISH TRIP SHRIMP OTHER * REDFISH
1 12,750 10,155 1,330 510 1,027 2 40,840 4,225 965 730 1,240 3 22,850 5,795 815 400 530 4 31,120 26,150 209 1,230 1,580 5 35,025 17,765 1,290 3,130 881 6 12,425 4,232 3,098 1.5.,680 740 7 4,605 9,050 652 2,880 920
TOTALS 160,615 77,372 8,359 24 ~560 6,918 % OF TOTAL 57.8 27.8 3.0 8.8 2.5 SATCH ~======.======~==
AVE. SMALL TOTAL HRS. AVE. SHRIMP REDFISH DATES AREAS TRIP FISHED CATCH/HOUR CATCH/HOUR FISHED 1977 FISHED **
1 108.5 117 9 29/06- 6/07 I, II 2 138.5 295 9 11/07-18/07 II 3 86 266 2 22/07-27/07 II 4 124 251 13 10/08-17/08 II 5 151.5 238 6 22/08-29/08 II 6 93 134 8 2/09-11/09 V,VI,& II 7 83.5 55 11 16/10-28/10 III, IV, & II
TOTALS 785 194 8 54
Note: All weights given in pounds.
* OTHER - includes mostly cape1in and jellyfish ** For areas fished, see Figure II, page
30 • -t HEADLiNE. 2. X 142 E.ACH CODE.l-JD 2.)(, 1o'i EAC.H .q c ~o ~ 332 ~ 1 1. /8" 332. <;10 ZIO/::',? t t 0 I 11 0 75 , . -t 3 -t 38-6 rIJ lCl ill.... 210/48 ~ 246 t 52 t 2."1-6 t 52. 3" -t • • -t j \00 ....III 3e-G U'I- 2.10/48 I ~ 15'8 t 14 ~ 'f' APPE.ND1X 1 '556 MESH M WATE.R SHR\MP TRAWL COVE.R co mm 51)..JGI-E. ).JYLO)..J 24G2 MESH SHR\MP M1DWATER TRAWL f APPENDIX 2 1 COD END 206M :2.00 1 WEDGE. I I \ 1YZ."MESH I.. 20oM 2\0/72- 2.5 ~ 52'3 M l~ 535M 161 t t ! 138 I ?/MESH . 3\.1E5H 138 • 210/48 2.10/48 3E?>-6 t 1.liz."MCSH I OOM l.1oj7Z. 2.5' 44'3 M I t2~ 123 ~ 75 100 I .. 6" ME.SH I 6 ME.SH . • aeYz.. M 4Lr<3 1 2.10/48 2. °148 1 332. M j '30 332M ~o 1.'/e" MESH t 3"ME.5H I 3"ME-SH 8 OOM 210/60 Z10/4e, 15t+ M 2.10/48 38'-e: ! 2..46M 246M 3 "ME.SH 2..10/48 100 G~'-6" 2SSY2.M COVE.R 100 ~=:==", F""I o 5 10 2..0 o 5 10 :20 M SCALE. 318 $ 'SCALE. Vl.- '" 10' RIMP , L APPENDIX -3 55 ! ZOOM 206M 1 j 200M 2.S 52.3 Iv'! 535M 138 M 'oBM me.sh I . " 154M 210/48 3S,-G ZOOM 1 44~M 449M 75M 100M II 1 G mesh seY2- M Zlo/43 332M 800M I 332. M t m e.'Sh 104M 210/48 .26 } 272M 40<)"'1 1 2GO -~ 305M 305 M SC.A L E.. o 200' 2Y4"me~h "_10/40 260 M I" 48-9 CODEND ME-SHES TWO BOTTOM 'SlDES TOP (' -I- -;L- II 3" 3" :3 3" m~sh me I 5h mesh me.5h <06 237.Ye.M J 1 ~ 362M 210M 362M 138M 3 62M 210M 362. M 150 lJ\ BARRIER ~ 'PA~c:.~ MADE. t 1050M 1050 M 3" OF 2.2"UE.SH 100YZ.M 3" mesh 5"me.sh 210/180 mesh I --"1P 1 ~60M 150 M 960 M , 4-eOM eOM 4-60 M ::>'3.YZ M G" me-sh <:;"mesh G"mesh ~ 4281"1 428M t 428M , 428M 39?Z. M G"me.sh G" m t GiG M h 676 M t ~76M G7G ).II 100.~ M tYz.'/ me'Sh LY~" me-lih 576 M 576 M Z-2.S' + 576 M 57GM + \ " 100.J-z M tJ..z" me~h 1Yz.. mQ..sh 47G M 476M 476M 47GM II M me,:>" "me.",h 376 M 376M 376M 37GM M mesh 1.~/rnesh 4S0M 450M 4S0M 450M \ ~ 14'?).Vz. M lYe, mesh 1.Yt3"mesh 400 M 400M t l 40DM t I 1/ I,vS mc-!>h 14'3.!{ M CODEND APPENDIX 4 It ~ ------1 AWL BRIDLE RRANGEMENT 2462 MESH TRAWL SYSTEM 0>-- 60 f .. ~~I<~ .~W;t~f~:~~till~ 450 lBS 3 - BRIDLE uL,....ru"-...,PRUTTE TRAWL SYSTEM II • 20 f ., 20 f ... 20 f I ~~=---======----=2? =::1~'Ot~1\i SYSTEM III • 40 f ~.. 20 f ~ ~I < ~A'i ro ~ m « o ~ BL ...,. a:t 37 --2 50 2 5° --41 shrimp --100 --4 ---100 '-~""'I<.>:~$~~ --6 --15° 6 ---150 --8 --2.0 8 --200 ·,'j:~~i.)\fij'1t?/,:,,;?\~~U.""" .:s:~.-__W:t.",<;?,a,O! ~!??!!,;.... ,•.:l.50 . . "~~,",•.".: "·~··:·'·\0.ft;;;,~~", .... •A I ~ i:l --..., bottom echo ~: --141 ~ ~ ~~ ;~ ~ i~ ;r ~1 !!! ~ ~ f.i ~ f.l ~ ~ :;; A B ELAC S RIMPLUPE DISPLAY ACK NOW LED GEM EN r S Captain Adrien Gionet and the crew of the stern trawler "Scotia Cape" deserve our sincere thanks. They showed great interest and were ready to help advance the project at all times. Special thanks should also go to the General Manager and Production Manager of Carapec Ltd.~ Caraquet~ N.B.~ owners of the vessel, for their cooperation and assistance in the project.