Efficiency of Web Crawling for Geotagged Image Retrieval
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The World Wide Web: Not So World Wide After All?, 16 Pub
Public Interest Law Reporter Volume 16 Article 8 Issue 1 Fall 2010 2010 The orW ld Wide Web: Not So World Wide After All? Allison Lockhart Follow this and additional works at: http://lawecommons.luc.edu/pilr Part of the Internet Law Commons Recommended Citation Allison Lockhart, The World Wide Web: Not So World Wide After All?, 16 Pub. Interest L. Rptr. 47 (2010). Available at: http://lawecommons.luc.edu/pilr/vol16/iss1/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by LAW eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Public Interest Law Reporter by an authorized administrator of LAW eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Lockhart: The World Wide Web: Not So World Wide After All? No. 1 • Fall 2010 THE WORLD WIDE WEB: NOT SO WORLD WIDE AFTER ALL? by ALLISON LOCKHART It’s hard to imagine not having twenty-four hour access to videos of dancing Icats or Ashton Kutcher’s hourly musings, but this is the reality in many countries. In an attempt to control what some governments perceive as a law- less medium, China, Saudi Arabia, Cuba, and a growing number of other countries have begun censoring content on the Internet.1 The most common form of censorship involves blocking access to certain web- sites, but the governments in these countries also employ companies to prevent search results from listing what they deem inappropriate.2 Other governments have successfully censored material on the Internet by simply invoking in the minds of its citizens a fear of punishment or ridicule that encourages self- censoring.3 47 Published by LAW eCommons, 2010 1 Public Interest Law Reporter, Vol. -
Role of Librarian in Internet and World Wide Web Environment K
Informing Science Information Sciences Volume 4 No 1, 2001 Role of Librarian in Internet and World Wide Web Environment K. Nageswara Rao and KH Babu Defence Research & Development Laboratory Kanchanbagh Post, India [email protected] and [email protected] Abstract The transition of traditional library collections to digital or virtual collections presented the librarian with new opportunities. The Internet, Web en- vironment and associated sophisticated tools have given the librarian a new dynamic role to play and serve the new information based society in bet- ter ways than hitherto. Because of the powerful features of Web i.e. distributed, heterogeneous, collaborative, multimedia, multi-protocol, hyperme- dia-oriented architecture, World Wide Web has revolutionized the way people access information, and has opened up new possibilities in areas such as digital libraries, virtual libraries, scientific information retrieval and dissemination. Not only the world is becoming interconnected, but also the use of Internet and Web has changed the fundamental roles, paradigms, and organizational culture of libraries and librarians as well. The article describes the limitless scope of Internet and Web, the existence of the librarian in the changing environment, parallelism between information sci- ence and information technology, librarians and intelligent agents, working of intelligent agents, strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities in- volved in the relationship between librarians and the Web. The role of librarian in Internet and Web environment especially as intermediary, facilita- tor, end-user trainer, Web site builder, researcher, interface designer, knowledge manager and sifter of information resources is also described. Keywords: Role of Librarian, Internet, World Wide Web, Data Mining, Meta Data, Latent Semantic Indexing, Intelligent Agents, Search Intermediary, Facilitator, End-User Trainer, Web Site Builder, Researcher, Interface Designer, Knowledge Man- ager, Sifter. -
Spatial-Semantic Image Search by Visual Feature Synthesis
Spatial-Semantic Image Search by Visual Feature Synthesis Long Mai1, Hailin Jin2, Zhe Lin2, Chen Fang2, Jonathan Brandt2, and Feng Liu1 1Portland State University 2Adobe Research 1 2 {mtlong,fliu}@cs.pdx.com, {hljin,zlin,cfang,jbrandt}@adobe.com Person Surfboard Water Text-based query a) Image search with semantic constraints only Person Water Surfboard Person Water Surfboard Spatial-semantic query b) Image search with spatial-semantic constraints Figure 1: Spatial-semantic image search. (a) Searching with content-only queries such as text keywords, while effective in retrieving relevant content, is unable to incorporate detailed spatial intents. (b) Spatial-semantic image search allows users to interact with the 2-D canvas to express their search intent both spatially and semantically. Abstract 1. Introduction Image retrieval is essential for various applications, such The performance of image retrieval has been improved as browsing photo collections [6, 52], exploring large visual tremendously in recent years through the use of deep fea- data archives [15, 16, 38, 43], and online shopping [26, 37]. ture representations. Most existing methods, however, aim It has long been an active research topic with a rich literature to retrieve images that are visually similar or semantically in computer vision and multimedia [8, 30, 55, 56, 57]. In relevant to the query, irrespective of spatial configuration. recent years, advances in research on deep feature learning In this paper, we develop a spatial-semantic image search have led to effective image and query representations that technology that enables users to search for images with are shown effective for retrieving images that are visually both semantic and spatial constraints by manipulating con- similar or semantically relevant to the query [12, 14, 25, 53]. -
Studying Social Tagging and Folksonomy: a Review and Framework
Studying Social Tagging and Folksonomy: A Review and Framework Item Type Journal Article (On-line/Unpaginated) Authors Trant, Jennifer Citation Studying Social Tagging and Folksonomy: A Review and Framework 2009-01, 10(1) Journal of Digital Information Journal Journal of Digital Information Download date 02/10/2021 03:25:18 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105375 Trant, Jennifer (2009) Studying Social Tagging and Folksonomy: A Review and Framework. Journal of Digital Information 10(1). Studying Social Tagging and Folksonomy: A Review and Framework J. Trant, University of Toronto / Archives & Museum Informatics 158 Lee Ave, Toronto, ON Canada M4E 2P3 jtrant [at] archimuse.com Abstract This paper reviews research into social tagging and folksonomy (as reflected in about 180 sources published through December 2007). Methods of researching the contribution of social tagging and folksonomy are described, and outstanding research questions are presented. This is a new area of research, where theoretical perspectives and relevant research methods are only now being defined. This paper provides a framework for the study of folksonomy, tagging and social tagging systems. Three broad approaches are identified, focusing first, on the folksonomy itself (and the role of tags in indexing and retrieval); secondly, on tagging (and the behaviour of users); and thirdly, on the nature of social tagging systems (as socio-technical frameworks). Keywords: Social tagging, folksonomy, tagging, literature review, research review 1. Introduction User-generated keywords – tags – have been suggested as a lightweight way of enhancing descriptions of on-line information resources, and improving their access through broader indexing. “Social Tagging” refers to the practice of publicly labeling or categorizing resources in a shared, on-line environment. -
Image Retrieval Within Augmented Reality
Image Retrieval within Augmented Reality Philip Manja May 5, 2017 Technische Universität Dresden Fakultät Informatik Institut für Software und Multimediatechnik Professur für Multimedia-Technologie Master’s Thesis Image Retrieval within Augmented Reality Philip Manja 1. Reviewer Prof. Raimund Dachselt Fakultät Informatik Technische Universität Dresden 2. Reviewer Dr. Annett Mitschick Fakultät Informatik Technische Universität Dresden Supervisors Dr. Annett Mitschick and Wolfgang Büschel (M.Sc.) May 5, 2017 Philip Manja Image Retrieval within Augmented Reality Master’s Thesis, May 5, 2017 Reviewers: Prof. Raimund Dachselt and Dr. Annett Mitschick Supervisors: Dr. Annett Mitschick and Wolfgang Büschel (M.Sc.) Technische Universität Dresden Professur für Multimedia-Technologie Institut für Software und Multimediatechnik Fakultät Informatik Nöthnitzer Straße 46 01187 Dresden Abstract The present work investigates the potential of augmented reality for improving the image retrieval process. Design and usability challenges were identified for both fields of research in order to formulate design goals for the development of concepts. A taxonomy for image retrieval within augmented reality was elaborated based on research work and used to structure related work and basic ideas for interaction. Based on the taxonomy, application scenarios were formulated as further requirements for concepts. Using the basic interaction ideas and the requirements, two comprehensive concepts for image retrieval within augmented reality were elaborated. One of the concepts was implemented using a Microsoft HoloLens and evaluated in a user study. The study showed that the concept was rated generally positive by the users and provided insight in different spatial behavior and search strategies when practicing image retrieval in augmented reality. Abstract (deutsch) Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht das Potenzial von Augmented Reality zur Verbes- serung von Image Retrieval Prozessen. -
Chapter 2 the Internet & World Wide
Chapter 2 The Internet & World Wide Web 1 OBJECTIVES OVERVIEW Explain the purpose Identify and briefly Describe the types of of a Web browser and describe various Internet access identify the broadband Internet providers components of a Web connections address Describe how to use a search engine to Describe the types of search for Web sites information on the Web 2 OBJECTIVES OVERVIEW Recognize how Web pages use graphics, Identify the steps animation, audio, video, required for Web virtual reality, and plug- publishing ins Explain how e-mail, mailing lists, instant messaging, chat rooms, Identify the rules of VoIP, FTP, and netiquette newsgroups and message boards work 3 THE INTERNET The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals 4 THE INTERNET The Internet originated as ARPANET in September 1969 and had two main goals: Allow scientists at Function even if part different physical of the network were locations to share disabled or destroyed information and work by a disaster together 5 THE INTERNET 1986 NSF connects NSFnet to 1969 ARPANET and ARPANET becomes 1996 becomes known as the Internet2 is functional Internet founded 1984 1995 NSFNet Today More ARPANET has terminates its than 550 more than network on million hosts 1,000 the Internet connect to individual and resumes the Internet computers status as linked as research hosts network 6 THE INTERNET Many home and small business users connect to the Internet via high-speed broadband -
IEEE Paper Template in A4
International Journal for Research in Advanced Computer Science and Engineering ISSN: 2208-2107 Image Search Engine of Mono Image Asmaa Salah Aldin Ibrahim1, Mohammed Ali Mohammed2 ¹Baghdad College of Economic Sciences University, Iraq ²University of Information Technology and Communication, Iraq Abstract— In recent year, images are widely used in many applications, such as facebook, snapchat. The large numbers of these images are saved in the smart system to easy access and retrieve. This paper aims to design and implement the new algorithm which is used in search of images. The mono image (black and white) is used as input data to the proposed algorithm. The methodology of this paper is to split image into number of block (block size = 8*8). For each block set 1 or 0 in order to count the number of black and white pixels. Finally, the result compare with other image dataset with the threshold value. The result show's that the proposed algorithm is successful passed in tested stage. Keywords— Image processing, Search Image, Mono Image, Search by Image. I. INTRODUCTION Describe the automatic selection of features from an image training set were done by using the theories of multidimensional discriminant analysis and the associated optimal linear projection. The demonstration of the effectiveness of these most discriminating features for view-based class retrieval from a large database of widely varying real-world objects presented as "well-framed" views, and compared with that of the principal component analysis[1]. An image retrieval system contains a database with a large number of images. The system retrieves images from the database are similar to a query image entered by the user. -
Image Based Search Engine
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 05 | May 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 Image based Search Engine Anjali Sharma1, Bhanu Parasher1 1M.Tech., Computer Science and Engineering, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Delhi, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - We can see that different kinds of data are CNN model to resolve the problem of similar cloth retrieval floating on the internet from the last couple of years. It and clothing-related problems. As the dataset is large, a fine- includes audio, video, images, and text data. Processing of all tuned, pre-trained model is used to lower the complexity these data has been a key interest point for Researchers. To between training and transfer learning. Domain transfer effectively utilize these data, we want to explore more about it. learning helps in fine-tuning the main idea behind is reusing As it is said, an image speaks more than a thousand words, so the low-level and midlevel network across domains. In paper here in this article, we are working on images. Many [5] (Venkata and Yadav, 2012), the author proposed a researchers showed their interest in Content-based image method of image classification based on two features. First retrieval (CBIR). CBIR doesn't work on the metadata, for is edge detection using the Sobel edge detection filter. The example, tags, image description, etc. However, it works on the second feature is the colour of an image for which the author details of the images, or we can say the features of the images, used CCV. -
An Introduction to the World Wide Web - Debora Donato
COMPLEX NETWORKS - An Introduction to the World Wide Web - Debora Donato AN INTRODUCTION TO THE WORLD WIDE WEB Debora Donato Yahoo! Labs, Sunnyvale, California Keywords: WWW, Web Graph, Power law properties, microscopic structure, macroscopic structure. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Microscopic properties 2.1 Power Law Distribution and Scale-Free Networks 2.2 Degree Distribution 3. Link Analysis Ranking Algorithms 3.1. PageRank 3.2. Hits 4. Macroscopic properties 5. The fine-grained structure of the Web graph 6. Dynamic characterization of the Web graph 6.1. The Evolution of the Host-Graph 6.2. Clustering Evolution Patterns 6.3. Correlation among Neighbors Acknowledgement Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketch Summary The Web is one of the most complex artifacts ever conceived by human beings. Its considerable dimensions are due to tools that have minimized the users' effort for content publishing. This characteristic is at the basis of a social phenomenon that has engendered the progressive migration of a good portion of the human activities toward the Web. The Web is the location where people meet, chat, get information, share opinions, transact, work or have fun. UNESCO – EOLSS The key feature that has attracted the interest of scientists with different background is that, despite being the sum of decentralized and uncoordinated efforts by heterogeneous groups and individuals,SAMPLE the World Wide WebCHAPTERS exhibits a well defined structure, characterized by several interesting properties. This structure was clearly revealed by the study of Broder et al.(2000) who presented the evocative bow-tie picture of the Web. Although, the bow-tie structure is a relatively clear abstraction of the macroscopic picture of the Web, it is quite uninformative with respect to the finer details of the Web graph. -
Demery V. Arpaio
378 F.3d 1020 (2004) Jamie DEMERY; Samantha Moore; Aracelia Leticia Pfeifer; Janet Lee King; Jerri Cabaniss; Rosa Velazquez; Cynthia Matthers; Rhonda Farmer; Sandra Puebla; Jordan Martin; Laura Hartney; Elena M. Irvine; Yvette Rose Leon; Tina Marie Sox; Loretta Christie; Alison Lee Adair; Victoria Zepeda; Nikisha Calliste; Terry McEvoy; Tom Odenkirk; Dean Tousignant; Benny David Berryman; Damon Scoggin; Sean Botkin, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. Joe ARPAIO, Maricopa County Sheriff, in his official capacity, Defendant-Appellant, and County of Maricopa; John/Jane Does 1-100, Defendants. No. 03-15698. United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit. Argued and Submitted December 3, 2003. Filed August 6, 2004. 102110221023 *1021 *1022 *1023 Daniel P. Struck, Phoenix, AZ, for the defendant-appellant. Scott A. Ambrose, Phoenix, AZ, Ulises A. Ferragut, Jr., Ferragut & Associates, Phoenix, AZ, for the plaintiffs- appellees. Before PAEZ, BERZON, and BEA, Circuit Judges. PAEZ, Circuit Judge. The Fourteenth Amendment prohibits punishment of pretrial detainees. Bell v. Wolfish, 441 U.S. 520, 535, 99 S.Ct. 1861, 60 L.Ed.2d 447 (1979). Applying this principle, the district court preliminarily enjoined the use of world-wide web cameras ("webcams") in the Maricopa County Madison Street Jail. We must decide whether the district court abused its discretion in granting the plaintiffs' motion for a preliminary injunction. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we affirm. 1024 *1024 I. When Maricopa County Sheriff Joe Arpaio announced the installation of webcams in the Madison Street Jail, he proclaimed "[w]e get people booked in for murder all the way down to prostitution.... When those johns are arrested, they can wave to their wives on the camera." Sheriff Arpaio also explained that his policy deterred crime and opened up the jails to public scrutiny: "The public has the right to know what's going on in our jails... -
Cyberdissent: the Internet in Revolutionary Iran
Volume 7, No. 3 - September 2003 CYBERDISSENT: THE INTERNET IN REVOLUTIONARY IRAN By Babak Rahimi This paper argues that the internet, as an advancing new means of communication, has played an important role in the ongoing struggle for democracy in Iran. While outlining its history in Iran amidst an ambiguous state response to its rapid development since 1993, the paper also attempts to show how the internet has opened a new virtual space for political dissent. The paper claims that the internet is an innovative method for resistance in that it essentially defies control and supervision of speech by authoritarian rule seeking to undermine resistance. The contemporary history of the struggle for democracy is replete with examples of how information and communication technologies (ICTs), such as the internet, have assisted political dissent movements to undermine authoritarian regimes around the globe.(1) In Pakistan, recent measures by the government to curtail access to websites continue to meet tough resistance from Pakistani internet users.(2) Most interestingly, in Zimbabwe the democratic opposition has resisted Robert Mugabe’s regime and its monopoly of information sources in rural regions by e- mailing daily news bulletins to other rural sites, where they are printed and distributed by children on bikes. Throughout the world, the world wide web and e-mail have consistently proven themselves as powerful means of communication to oppose autocratic rule.(3) The democratic threat posed to authoritarian regimes by the internet is obvious: cyberspace is a powerful medium of interaction that defies any form of strict supervision. As former U.S. President Bill Clinton has said, the effort of these regimes to control the internet is reminiscent of an attempt to nail Jell-o to a wall.(4) The case of Iran provides an interesting example of the democratic potential of the internet. -
Why Do Folksonomies Need Semantic Web Technologies? Hak-Lae Kim Samsung Electronics Co., LTD
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) Association for Information Systems AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) Americas Conference on Information Systems AMCIS 2010 Proceedings (AMCIS) 8-2010 Why Do Folksonomies Need Semantic Web Technologies? Hak-Lae Kim Samsung Electronics Co., LTD. 416, Maetan-3dong, Yeongtong-gu Suwon-city, Gyeonggi-do, 443-742 Korea, [email protected] Jae-Hwa Choi Dankook University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://aisel.aisnet.org/amcis2010 Recommended Citation Kim, Hak-Lae and Choi, Jae-Hwa, "Why Do Folksonomies Need Semantic Web Technologies?" (2010). AMCIS 2010 Proceedings. 68. http://aisel.aisnet.org/amcis2010/68 This material is brought to you by the Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS) at AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). It has been accepted for inclusion in AMCIS 2010 Proceedings by an authorized administrator of AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). For more information, please contact [email protected]. Kim, et al. Why Do Folksonomies Need Semantic Web Technologies? Why Do Folksonomies Need Semantic Web Technologies? Hak-Lae Kim Jae-Hwa Choi Samsung Electronics Co., LTD. College of Business 416, Maetan-3dong, Yeongtong-gu Dankook University Suwon-city, Gyeonggi-do, 443-742 San#29, Anseo-dong, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Korea Chungnam, 330-714, Korea [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT This paper is to investigate some general features of social tagging and folksonomies along with their advantages and disadvantages, and to present an overview of a tag ontology that can be used to represent tagging data at a semantic level using Semantic Web technologies.