TEXAS PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEMS (1,082)

Texas ranks third among the states in number School Governments (1,081) of local governments, with 4,835 as of October 2007. The following types of school in Texas are counted as separate governments for GOVERNMENTS (254) census purposes:

There are no areas in Texas lacking county Common school districts government. The county governing body is Independent (self-governing) school called the commissioners court. districts Municipal school districts SUBCOUNTY GENERAL PURPOSE Rural high school districts GOVERNMENTS (1,209) County Industrial training school districts Rehabilitation districts for handicapped Municipal Governments (1,209) persons Union, county, or joint county junior Municipal governments in Texas are the , college districts , and . Three types of Independent junior college districts are authorized under general law: In 1995, authorizing legislation for common school districts, municipal school districts, rural Type A cities and towns--1875 law high school districts, industrial training school Type B towns and villages--1858 law districts, and rehabilitation districts for the Type C cities, towns, and villages--1909 handicapped was repealed. No new districts law of these types may be formed; however, existing districts are allowed to continue under The minimum population required for the former laws. incorporation is 600 for Type A municipalities and 201 for Type B or C municipalities. There Common and independent school districts may is no maximum population for Type A in some cases be countywide, countyline municipalities; the maximum population is (intercounty), or consolidated. An elected 9,999 for Type B municipalities and 4,999 for board of trustees governs each common or Type C municipalities. Type A and B independent . Both types of municipalities with a population of fewer than districts may levy local school taxes and issue 5,000 may operate under the aldermanic or bonds. manager forms of government, whereas Type C municipalities must operate under the Municipal school districts may certify the commission form of government. amount of school taxes to be collected by the city or , after voter approval. In addition, Texas law authorizes municipalities of 5,000 population or more to adopt home- Rural high school districts are governed by an rule charters. Municipalities organized under elected board of trustees. The districts may special acts prior to 1881 may continue to levy school taxes and, upon voter approval, operate under those acts and may, by may issue bonds. resolution, amend their charters in any regard not in conflict with state law. An industrial training school district, is governed by a board of trustees consisting of Governments (0) three elected members who appoint an additional four ex officio members--a city Texas has no township governments. council member, a school district board member, a juvenile court judge in the county, and the county judge or a member of the board appointed, in a manner determined by commissioners court. Districts may determine the commissioner, governs each center. The fees and tuition and may issue revenue bonds. centers may receive contributions from Industrial training school districts may levy ad participating school districts and grants from valorem taxes upon voter approval. the state foundation school fund.

A rehabilitation district for the handicapped is Higher education facilities authorities, which administered by an elected board of directors. finance student loans and construction of The board may fix fees and tuition rates. higher education facilities, are listed under Rehabilitation districts may levy ad valorem "Subordinate Agencies and Areas," below. taxes, upon voter approval. SPECIAL DISTRICT GOVERNMENTS (2,291) The county and joint junior college, union junior college, independent junior college, and Texas statutes authorize the creation of a enlarged junior college districts are each variety of special districts or authorities that are administered by an elected board of trustees or counted as governments. These are regents. Districts of these types may levy ad discussed in detail below. It should be noted valorem taxes and issue bonds. that some conservation and reclamation districts are also authorized to operate under Dependent Public School Systems (1) the provisions of the water code, and the conservation and reclamation districts created Open enrollment charter schools that are by special acts may have the same directly operated by a governmental entity, and designation as districts established under other college and university charter schools are general laws. considered to be dependent activities of the administering government. Agricultural Development Districts

Other Educational Activities Agricultural development districts are established under the same constitutional A junior college administered directly by an provisions as conservation and reclamation independent school district is not counted as a districts. These districts promote and separate government but is classified as an encourage the conservation of soil and water activity of the school district. in the area. A district is created upon petition to the county commissioner’s court by at least 10 Legislation in 1965 established countywide residents of the proposed district after a public vocational school districts that are financed by hearing. Upon approval, the county a county tax levy. These districts, however, are commissioners will select a temporary board of administered by the board of trustees of local directors until permanent members can be school districts and are not counted as elected by the residents of the district. The separate governments. district may issue bonds, enter into contracts to provide services, and impose charges for use Also not counted as separate governments are of land or facilities. The district may impose the "common elementary districts" within rural assessments after a petition and hearing. high school districts. These have no boards or fiscal powers separate from the rural high Airport Authorities school districts. Airport authorities to operate and maintain Regional education service centers, which airports have been authorized under a number provide various educational and support of special acts with similar provisions. Thus, services to school districts, are created authorities may be established by the county according to guidelines set by the commissioners court after petition of voters commissioner of education. A seven-member and approval by local referendum. A board of directors, either appointed by the county Some districts of this type may also levy ad commissioners or elected by the voters, valorem taxes or special assessments. These governs each authority. The authority may fix districts may also issue bonds, after voter rates and charges for services and facilities. approval. Airport authorities, as a rule, may issue both revenue and general obligation bonds; Conservation and reclamation districts that are however, general obligation bonds require governed by the county commissioners court voter approval. ex officio, including the Harris County Flood Control District, are not counted as separate Civic Center Authorities governments. See "Subordinate Agencies and Areas," below. These authorities to provide civic centers and related recreational facilities are created by the For river authorities established under laws county judge upon petition of the governing authorizing conservation and reclamation bodies of two or more cities following a public districts, see "River Authorities," below. hearing. A board of directors, appointed by the county judge on recommendations from the The Edwards Aquifer Authority, also cities included in the authority, governs each established under laws authorizing authority. The board of directors may issue conservation and reclamation districts, is revenue bonds and collect fees, rentals, and described below. charges for services and facilities. Although authorizing legislation for these authorities has Coordinated County Transportation never been repealed, none has ever been Authorities reported in operation. Authorities may only be established in a county Conservation and Reclamation Districts that is adjacent to a county with a population of more than one million. Authorities may be Conservation and reclamation districts may be created by the commissioners court of a established under either general or special county on adoption of a resolution or order laws. Under general law, such districts are initiating the process, or upon petition of voters created by the county commissioners (or by after a public hearing and election. An the state natural resources conservation authority may impose fares, tolls, charges, and commission if the district serves two or more rents, and may issue bonds. An authority may, ) upon petition of landowners after upon voter approval, levy a tax. hearing and, in some instances, local referendum. Conservation and reclamation County Development Districts districts established by special acts with substantially similar provisions are known by a Districts to build facilities to attract tourists may variety of names. Conservation and be created upon petition of land owners in any reclamation districts perform a variety of county with a population less than 400,000 functions, including irrigation, flood control, followed by a public hearing, and approval at water storage for both domestic use and referendum. A board of five directors irrigation, generation of power, water supply, appointed by the commissioners court governs sewerage and waste disposal, and soil the district. The district may levy a sales tax conservation, as specified in the authorizing with voter approval, and issue bonds. legislation for each district. Their boards of directors are appointed by the Governor or a Drainage Districts state agency or by local officials, or are elected by the voters, as specified in the authorizing Districts to provide for drainage of agricultural legislation for each district. Revenue for lands are established by the county conservation and reclamation districts is mainly commissioners court on petition of landowners from rates and fees imposed for services. and after hearing and referendum. A board of elected directors administers each district. The district. Both types of districts may levy ad districts may levy taxes and issue bonds, upon valorem taxes and, with voter approval, impose voter approval. a sales and use tax, subject to the approval of the county commissioners court and Drainage districts that are governed by the referendum. Districts may issue bonds and county commissioners ex officio are not charge fees for services. counted as separate governments. See "Subordinate Agencies and Areas," below. Hospital Districts and Authorities

Edwards Aquifer Authority Texas statutes authorize the following types of districts to operate and maintain hospitals that The Edwards Aquifer Authority, created by are counted as separate governments: special act under constitutional provisions applicable to conservation and reclamation Hospital authorities--1957 law districts, is the regional agency charged with Hospital authorities--1963 law protection and management of the aquifer in Hospital districts--1957 general law an eight-county area encompassing all of Hospital districts--1989 general law Bexar, Medina, and Uvalde counties and parts of Comal, Caldwell, Hays, Guadalupe, and Hospital authorities created under the 1957 law Atascosa counties. The authority has the are established by ordinance of one or more power to regulate wells, to set limits on total cities. A board of directors, appointed by the pumping from wells, to reduce aquifer water city governing body, governs each authority. use, and to implement comprehensive regional The authorities may fix charges and may issue planning for water conservation and future revenue bonds. water supply. The board, composed of 15 elected directors and two appointed directors, Hospital authorities created under the 1963 may assess user fees and may issue revenue law are established by the county bonds. commissioners. A board of directors, initially appointed by the county commissioners court, Emergency Communications Districts governs each authority. However, the resolution authorizing revenue bonds for Districts to provide a “911" emergency authority purposes may also indicate how a telephone number are established upon majority of directors are selected. The organization of the district board of managers, directors not specified in the resolution are after voter approval. The board of managers appointed by the commissioners court. The consists of members appointed by the authority may fix rates and charges for services governing body and commissioners court of and facilities and may issue revenue bonds. the participating governments represented. The district may impose a “911" service fee on Hospital districts created under the 1957 telephone customers and issue bonds. general law may be created in counties with fewer than 75,000 in population that meet Emergency Services Districts specified assessed valuation requirements, by the county commissioners court upon petition These districts to provide fire protection of voters and after a hearing and local services and, optionally, ambulance and other referendum. An elected board of trustees emergency services are established by the governs each district. The district may collect county commissioners court upon petition of charges. The district may, upon voter voters, after hearing and referendum. A board approval, levy ad valorem taxes, and issue of commissioners appointed by the county bonds. Subsequent legislation in 1961 commissioners court governs each single- provided for two hospital districts in Brazoria county district. An elected board of County with the same general provisions as commissioners governs each multicounty above. Hospital districts created under the 1989 establish a regional housing authority by the general law may be created upon petition to commissioners court after a public hearing; the the county judge and after public hearing and newly formed regional district replaces any referendum. An elected board of directors existing county districts. The mayor appoints governs each district. The districts may fix the city housing authority commissioners, and fees and charges, issue bonds, and, after voter the county commissioners appoint the county approval, may levy ad valorem taxes. or regional housing authority commissioners. Housing authorities may fix rents and charges In addition, numerous hospital districts have and issue bonds. been created by special legislation after voter approval. A board of directors, trustees, or Housing Finance Corporations managers governs each such district and is usually elected but is in some cases appointed. These corporations are created by two or more These districts may fix service charges and, governments to provide mortgage credit for with voter approval, may levy ad valorem taxes housing. They are established upon and issue bonds. application of three or more persons to the county or city governing body, after resolution For a few districts, however, the authorizing of the governing body. A board of directors legislation requires county approval of capital governs each corporation; the initial directors projects. Districts for which such approval is are named in the articles of incorporation, but required are not counted as separate their successors are appointed by the county governments. See "Subordinate Agencies and or city governing body. A corporation may fix Areas," below. charges in connection with its loans, and issue revenue bonds. The following types of hospital districts under general law are not counted as separate Housing finance corporations that serve one governments (see "Subordinate Agencies and city or county government are not counted as Areas," below): separate governments; see "Special District Governments," above. Hospital districts in counties with more than 190,000 in population Irrigation Districts Hospital districts with ex officio boards--1957 optional law Formation of districts to provide irrigation and drainage facilities is initiated upon petition of Health facilities development corporations landowners after a hearing and approval from created by a hospital district are classified as the county commissioners court (if the district dependent on the hospital district creating covers a single county) or from the state them. They are not counted as separate natural resources conservation commission (if governments. See "Subordinate Agencies and the district covers more than one county); Areas," below. confirmation by the voters is necessary. A board of five directors, elected by the voters, Housing Authorities governs each district. Districts may enter into contracts with the federal government, after Texas laws authorize three types of housing voter approval. All districts may impose water authorities--county, municipal, and regional. charges and, upon voter approval, may issue The governing body of a city may, upon bonds. Districts may levy taxes and resolution of need, establish a city housing assessments; however, districts not under authority upon petition by voters. The contract with the federal government must first commissioners court of a county may, upon receive voter approval. resolution of need, establish a county housing authority on its own motion or upon petition of voters. Similarly, two or more counties may Jail Districts provisions.

Districts to finance jail facilities are created by Mental health and mental retardation the commissioners court upon petition of authorities serving a single county are not voters to one or more counties, after public counted as separate governments. See hearing and referendum. An elected board of "Subordinate Agencies and Areas," below. directors governs each district. The district may levy ad valorem taxes and issue bonds Metropolitan Rapid Transit Authorities after voter approval. No jail districts were reported to be in existence as of October 2007. Municipalities having a population of more than 60,000 and located in a metropolitan area Levee Improvement Districts having a principal with a population of more than 1.2 million may create These districts to provide levees and a metropolitan rapid transit authority. reclamation are established by the county Authorities created prior to 1980 with a commissioners court, on petition of the principal municipality population of fewer than landowners and after hearing. A board of 1.2 million may continue to exist. Authorities directors, appointed by the county are created by resolution of the governing body commissioners or elected at the option of on their own accord or upon petition of voters, voters, governs each district. The districts may after a public hearing and referendum. The issue bonds after referendum and may levy governing body of all authorities is appointed taxes. Districts may levy taxes on an ad and varies in size as necessary to represent valorem basis and, after a decree of member municipalities. With voter approval, appraisement, districts may levy taxes on a the district may levy sales and use taxes. benefit basis. Districts may also impose rates, fares, tolls, rents, vehicle-emission taxes, or other charges. Library Districts Prior to 1995, authorities had been created by Library districts to promote and support area the principal city in metropolitan areas to libraries are established by the county provide transit service in the metropolitan area. commissioner’s court on petition by five Metropolitan rapid transit authorities serving percent of registered voters, subject to county Austin, Corpus Christi, Houston, and San referendum. Upon passing of the referendum, Antonio metropolitan areas were established voters choose in the same election the initial under this law. The law also provides for the five board of trustees to govern the district. A addition of member municipalities and county district may fix fees and charges for services areas, subject to referendum in the proposed and, upon voter approval during creating annexation areas. election, may levy a sales and use tax. Municipal Power Agencies Mental Health and Mental Retardation Authorities These agencies to provide for the generation, transmission, and distribution of electric power These authorities are established by contract are created by the enactment of concurrent between two or more cities, counties, hospital ordinances by two or more public entities, districts, school districts or combination thereof including cities, towns, and conservation and to provide community mental health and reclamation districts, after a referendum. A mental retardation services. A board of board of directors, appointed by the governing trustees appointed by the governments bodies of the creating governments, governs represented governs each authority. The each agency. The composition of the board is authorities may fix fees and charges and determined by the creating concurrent receive contributions from member ordinance. The agency may issue revenue governments in accordance with contractual bonds and enter into contracts for the sale or exchange of energy. An agency may establish Matagorda County. The commission may levy and maintain rates and charges. The Texas ad valorem taxes and issue bonds. Municipal Power Agency and the Sam Rayburn Municipal Power Agency were established Public Health Districts under this law. Districts to provide public health services are Navigation Districts created by interlocal agreements between two or more local governments. The composition Districts to construct, maintain, and operate of the district governing body is specified in the port facilities created by the commissioners agreement creating the district. The amount to court upon petition of resident landowners and be paid to the district from each participating after a hearing and referendum. Districts of this government is also specified in the agreement. type may not include more than all or parts of two counties. Districts created to improve, Regional Transportation Authorities prevent, and conserve inland and costal water, and to control storm and flood water may be Regional transportation authorities to acquire, created in the same manner. Districts of this plan, construct, operate, and maintain a nature may not include more than all or parts transportation system in the metropolitan area of three counties. Districts are governed by a are established by petition initiated by a county navigation and canal commission. Districts of or city governing body, after voter approval. the first type are governed by an appointed The authority area is subdivided into commission, and districts of the second type subregions, each consisting of a principal are governed by either an elected or appointed municipality, the county of the principal commission. Districts may prescribe fees and municipality, and other municipalities and charges and, upon voter approval, may issue areas in the subregion. An executive bonds and have taxes levied on behalf of such committee, appointed by the subregional a district. boards, governs each authority. The number of members on the executive committee is Some districts are called “port facilities.” Port determined by the statutory form. Members of facilities are created for the development of the subregional boards, in turn, are appointed deep-water navigation in areas that include a by the governing bodies of participating county city with a population of more than 100,000. and municipal governments in accordance with They may operate and develop ports and a statutory formula. As an alternative, an waterways inside the district and extending to authority serving one subregion may be the Gulf of Mexico. Port facilities are governed governed by the subregional board. An by an appointed board of commissioners. authority may acquire, maintain, plan, and construct a transportation system. An authority also may charge rates, fares, and fees; issue Noxious Weed Control Districts revenue bonds; and, with voter approval, levy a sales and use tax. The Dallas Area Rapid These districts may be created by the county Transit and Fort Worth transportation commissioners court upon petition of authorities are organized under this law. landowners and after public hearing and local referendum. An elected board of directors River Authorities administers each district. The districts may levy an acreage tax. River authorities are established by special acts of the legislature under the same Palacios Seawall Commission constitutional provisions as conservation and reclamation districts. They may perform a This commission was created by a 1983 variety of functions, including irrigation, flood special act to maintain seawalls. It consists of control, water storage for both domestic use appointed representatives of Palacios city and and irrigation, generation of electric power, sewerage and water disposal, and soil members, but their successors are elected. conservation as specified in the authorizing The districts may accept federal and state legislation for each authority. River authorities grants. may encompass one or more counties. A board of directors, appointed or designated in Special Utility Districts--1983 Law whole or in part by the Governor, appointed by the Texas Natural Resources Conservation Districts to provide water and sewer systems, Commission, elected by the voters, or fire protection, and solid waste collection, or appointed by member governments, governs any combination of these services, are created each authority. All river authorities may upon petition of a water supply corporation to impose rates and charges; some may issue the state natural resource conservation bonds. Only one river authority, upon voter commission, after public hearing and approval, may levy ad valorem taxes. referendum. Districts may include any part or all of one or more counties. An elected board Rural Fire Prevention Districts of directors governs each district. The districts may fix fees and charges and issue bonds. Authorization for these districts was repealed in 2003. All rural fire prevention districts have Sports Facility Districts been converted to emergency services districts. Districts to provide sports facilities may be created by order of the county commissioners Rural Rail Transportation Districts court. An appointed board of five commissioners governs each district: two are Districts to preserve rail freight service are appointed by the county commissioners court, established by order of the commissioners two by the governing body of the most courts of two or more contiguous counties. A populous city in the county, and one by the board of directors, appointed by the school board of the largest school district in the commissioners courts of the counties served, county. The districts may fix fees, charges, governs each district. The district may fix rents and rentals, and may issue revenue bonds. and issue revenue bonds. Water Districts Rural and Urban Transportation Districts The Texas Water Code permits the These districts may be created upon a finding establishment of the following types of districts: of need by member counties, and municipalities, followed by a public hearing. Districts established by the county They are governed by a board of nine to 15 commissioners court and serving one or part of representatives appointed by the county and one county: municipal governing bodies from their membership. Their primary source of funding Fresh water supply districts--water is derived from state appropriations. supply and fire protection Ground water conservation districts Soil and Water Conservation Districts (single county)--conservation and development of water supply Soil and water conservation districts are Regional Districts established by the state soil and water Water control and improvement districts conservation board upon petition of (single county)--water supply, sewerage landowners and after a hearing and systems, irrigation, flood control, referendum. A board of directors governs drainage, electric light and power, and each district; it consists initially of two navigation members appointed by the state soil and water Water improvement districts (single conservation board and three elected county)--irrigation and water supply Water supply districts--water supply and areas" within the of an established conservation, and electric light and government. This method of financing power additional services in limited areas by property taxation, while also used by some municipal Districts established by the Texas Natural and township governments in a few states, is Resources Conservation Commission: more widely utilized by county governments. In the listing below of authorized county-related Municipal utility districts and limited agencies, a bullet (*) appears for each entity of districts--water supply, sewerage this kind--i.e., any that may individually serve a systems, flood control, parks and portion rather than all of a county and for which recreation, solid waste, and street a tax may be levied against the assessed lighting value of property in the area served. Ground water conservation districts (multi-county)--conservation and Harris County Flood Control District development of water supply (county). This district, which was organized Water control and improvement districts under the conservation and reclamation district (multi-county)--water supply, sewerage law to provide drainage, flood control, and systems, irrigation, flood control, reclamation services (see "Special District drainage, electric light and power, and Governments," above) is not counted as a navigation separate government. It is governed by the Water improvement districts county commissioners of Harris County. (multicounty)--irrigation and water supply Health facilities development corporations (county, municipal, or hospital district). Similar provisions apply to each of these types These corporations to finance health care of districts. Each is established upon petition facilities are established by resolution of the of landowners to the county commissioners governing body of a county, municipality, or court (by constituent districts in the case of hospital district. A board of directors appointed water supply districts) or to the Texas Natural by the creating government governs the Resources Conservation Commission; a local corporation. The corporation receives revenue referendum is required except for the water from the rental or sale of health facilities and supply districts. All have elected governing may issue revenue bonds. bodies. They may issue bonds, fix and collect charges as appropriate, and, with the Higher Education Facility Authorities for exception of water supply districts, may levy Public Schools (municipal) These taxes. authorities to finance higher education facilities for public schools are established by ordinance SUBORDINATE AGENCIES AND AREAS by the governing bodies of one or more municipalities. Authorities are governed by a Shown below are various governmental board of directors, appointed by the governing designations in Texas that have certain bodies of member municipalities. Authorities characteristics of governmental units but that may issue bonds, after notice, and upon voter are classified for census statistics as petition, a referendum. Authorities may invest subordinate agencies of the state or local the proceeds of its bonds and may charge governments and are not counted as separate rates or lease for the use of facilities. governments. Legal provisions for some of the larger of these are discussed below (see Higher Education Facility Authority for "Public School Systems," above, regarding Private Schools (municipal) These educational agencies of this nature). authorities to finance higher education for private schools are created on ordinance by Among the subordinate agencies and areas the governing bodies of one or more listed below, some represent "special taxing municipalities. A board of directors, appointed receive the proceeds of sales taxes (in certain by the governing bodies of the participating cities), and may issue revenue bonds, subject municipalities, governs each authority. to the approval of the establishing Authorities may issue bonds, after a notice, government.1 and if petitioned by voters, a referendum. Authorities may invest the proceeds of its Texas Guaranteed Student Loan bonds and accept grants from any source. Corporation (state). This corporation was created by act of the legislature to finance Higher Education Loan Authorities loans to students. The corporation board (municipal) These authorities to finance consists of 11 directors, of whom ten are higher education loans are established by appointed by the Governor, with consent of the ordinance by the governing bodies of the state senate, and the comptroller of public participating municipality or municipalities. A accounts ex officio. The corporation may fix board of directors, appointed by the governing charges in connection with its loans. bodies of the participating municipalities governs the authority. Authorities may issue Texas Public Finance Authority (state). This revenue bonds, with the approval of member authority, formerly named the Texas Public cities. Authorities may invest proceeds of its Building Authority, was created by act of the bonds and accept grants from any source. legislature to finance state buildings. A board appointed by the Governor with the consent of Hospital districts in counties of more than the senate governs the authority. The 190,000 in population (county). These authority may fix rentals and may issue districts are established by the county revenue bonds. commissioners court on its own motion or upon the petition of voters, after voter approval. A Texas Water Resources Finance Authority board of hospital managers, appointed by the (state). This authority was established by act county commissioners court, governs each of the legislature to finance water resources district. Districts with a population that conservation and development by purchasing exceeds 800,000 and that were not included in water-related bonds issued by Texas political the boundaries of a hospital district prior to subdivisions. Six members of the state water September 1, 2003, shall be governed by a development board govern the authority in an larger board of hospital managers, appointed ex officio capacity. The authority may receive by the commissioners court and the governing interest from bonds it acquires and may issue body of the largest municipality. The county revenue bonds. may levy taxes for district .purposes. The district budget may be adopted only after Urban renewal agencies (municipal). These approval by the county commissioners court. agencies may be established by the city The hospital districts in the counties of Bexar, council on its own motion or upon petition of Dallas, El Paso, Harris, Nueces, and Tarrant voters, after local referendum. Municipalities were established under this law. that did not establish agencies prior to April 27, 1973, may form agencies after an election has Industrial development corporations (state, been ordered by the governing body of the county, municipal, or special district). municipality. A board of commissioners These corporations are authorized to provide appointed by the mayor with the approval of facilities for industries. They are established the governs each agency. An upon application of three or more persons to urban renewal agency may accept grants and the governing body of a county, a city, or a appropriations and issue revenue bonds. The conservation and reclamation district, after sponsoring city may issue general obligation resolution of the establishing government. A bonds for urban renewal purposes and may board of directors, appointed by the levy taxes for this purpose with the approval of establishing government, governs each the voters. All urban renewal plans must be corporation. A corporation may fix rentals, approved by the governing body of the municipality, after a hearing. Sports and community venue districts Storm water control districts Other examples include: Titus County Hospital District Tyler County Hospital District State Wind erosion conservation districts

Agricultural Finance Authority Municipal Texas Economic Development Corporation Texas Low Level Radioactive Waste Disposal *Arts and entertainment districts Compact City of Laredo Port of Entry Authority Texas Natural Resources Conservation City-county health units (city portion) Commission (formerly Texas Water City elderly housing corporations Development Board) Crime control and prevention districts Veterans Land Board Dallas-Fort Worth Regional Airport Board *Homestead preservation districts, and County reinvestment zones Housing finance corporations (municipal) City-county health units (county portion) Industrial districts (administrative areas) Conservation and reclamation districts Joint city-county hospital boards (city portion) governed by county commissioners (special Joint municipal-county hospitals (city portion) acts) La Porte Area Water Authority County appraisal districts Municipal development districts County assistance districts Municipal management districts County building authorities Municipal parking authorities Crime control and prevention districts Municipal property finance authorities or Drainage districts governed by county corporations commissioners Public improvement districts (municipal) Harris County Toll Road Authority Recreational and cultural facilities boards Hood County Hospital District (municipal portion) Hospital districts governed by county Road utility districts commissioners (1957 optional law) Housing finance corporations (county) Other Joint city-county hospital boards (county portion) Pollution control districts created within the Joint municipal-county hospitals (county Gulf Coast Waste Disposal Authority are portion) administered by the authority and are classified Lubbock County Hospital District as dependent activities thereof. The Gulf Mental health and mental retardation Coast Waste Disposal Authority, in turn, is authorities (single county) organized as a conservation and reclamation *Mosquito control districts district under Texas law and is counted as a Park and recreation districts (counties with special district government for census river frontage on both the Comal and purposes. Guadalupe Rivers) Public improvement districts (counties) Texas laws also provide for various types of Recreational and cultural facilities boards local areas for election purposes and (county portion) administration of justice. *Road districts Road utility districts

1.The Texas Small Business Industrial Development Corporation, which is governed by the Texas Economic Development Commission, was organized under this law.