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ICLARM Annual Report 1994 8 Research Highlights Available in French & Arabic translations upon request.

, p ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998

International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998

1999

Published by the International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, MCPO Box 2631, 0718 Makati City, Metro Manila, Philippines.

Printed in Manila, Philippines.

lCLARM. 1999. lCLARM annual report 1998. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management. Makati City, Metro Manila, Philippines. 77 p.

Director: Joanna Kane-Potaka Editor IWriter: Rita Kapadia Managing Editor: Marie Sol Sadorra-Colocado Editorial Assistants: Ma. Graciela Balleras and Erlinda Gonzalez Cover and Book Designer: Alan Siegfrid Esquillon Cover Photo: Joanna Kane-Potaka

[SSN 1028-5369

ICLARM Contribution No. 1519 CONTENTS

Year in Review ...... 1

Partnership in Science for Food ...... 5 Research Highlights - Scientific Partnerships to Increase Productivity of Fish Farming ...... 7 - Direct Partnerships with Farmers ...... 12 - Raising Public Awareness through Partnerships ...... 17 - Extending Our Partnerships in Africa ...... 18 - The Way to Go ...... 22

Work in 1998 ...... 23 - Major Accomplishments by Program/Division/Office ...... 23 - Research and Related Projects by Program ...... 27 - Published Works ...... 35 - Papers Presented ...... 38 - Training ...... 41 - Advisory Services ...... 42 - Workshops/Conferences/Seminars Conducted ...... 44 - Selected Media Coverage ...... 46

Finances ...... 49 - Financial Statements ...... 50 - Key Financial Statistics ...... 61

ICLARM at a Glance ...... 63 - ICLARM's Commitment ...... 63 - CGIAR and ICLARM ...... 64 - ICLARM Organization ...... 66 - View from the Board ...... 67 - Staff List ...... 71

Acronyms ...... 75

/--_.r--

YEAR IN REVIEW

Solomon Islands, Bangladesh, Egypt, Malawi and in the Carib­ bean (Jamaica and the British Virgin Islands). In addition, ICLARM conducts projects in In this 1998 Annual Report we many other countries. In 1995, salute the importance of partner­ three-quarters of staff were at ships in our work to help the poor headquarters in Manila. By the in developing countries achieve end of 1998, only 40% were at sustainable food security. Our headquarters, due to the setting up many different partnerships not of the Regional Research Center only expand the range of our for Africa and West Asia in Egypt, work, they also ensure that its the projects in the Caribbean, and Photo, Bert Oficial relevance and impact are focused a modest growth in staff numbers on the people we seek to serve. in the Solomon Islands and Some examples of our successful Bangladesh. This decentralization partnerships are highlighted in this requires a greater degree of report. communication and provides great A major achievement in 1998 opportunities for work and was the submission of the final partnerships in many corners of report for the Genetically Im­ the globe. proved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT) ICLARM continued to enjoy Photo, Modadugu Gupta project. For work done under this good donor support during 1998. lO-year project, ICLARM was The 1998 revenues amounted to awarded the CGIAR Chairman's US$10.86 million and expendi­ Science Partnership Award in tures to $10.42 million. We were October 1998 during the Interna­ pleased to welcome one new donor tional Centers' Week in Washing­ in 1998, namely, the Government ton, USA. We are extremely proud of New Zealand Overseas Devel­ of this award because of the great opment Agency. Currency swings importance we place on partner­ continued to cause problems as Photo, Bert Otlclal ships in our work. several currencies continued to In order to interact more devalue against the US dollar in directly with the beneficiaries of which all budgets are denomi­ our work and our partners, nated. ICLARM has become increasingly During 1998, the new Regional decentralized over the last few Research Center for Africa and years. We now have staff at six West Asia at Abbassa in Egypt locations, namely, the Philippines, opened for business. At the start of Photo, Bebet Menez

lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 1998, ICLARM had recruited a communities, the government and complement of over 80 national nongovernment agencies in staff along with the international research, development and training staff. On-site research on genetic efforts in community-based fishery improvement of tilapia, fish resources management. Work on nutrition, fish health and hatchery these and the small-scale aquacul­ and culture systems has started. In ture studies was hampered by the Photo Modadugu Gupta planning are studies for improving severe flooding during the year, the production of the fisheries of and ICLARM was called on to Lake Nasser and on the supply and help mitigate the damage along demand for fish in Africa. with other agencies.

The work in the Solomon The Malawi office developed Islands progressed very well in new project proposals and deliv­ 1998. Early in the year, the ered training courses in integrated Australian Centre for International aquaculture-agriculture in collabo­ Agricultural Research (ACIAR) ration with several development commissioned a team to review assistance projects and national ICLARM's Coastal Aquaculture government agencies. However, Centre (CAC). The team reported the work at the site received a that it 'was most impressed at the serious setback from the unfortu­ work being carried out at the CAC nate death in a road accident of Photo ReelBase in each of its major projects (giant Mr. Fredson Chikafumbwa, a clams, pearl oysters, sea cucumbers research scientist in our Malawi and marine protected areas) and Office. All of us at ICLARM were the relevance of the work to village deeply saddened by the loss of communities in the Pacific'. Fredson, who has been an out­ Building on the encouragement of standing staff member and a credit the review, ICLARM was success­ to the Center. ful in obtaining funds from New In the Caribbean, based on Zealand for a study on the effects early results of the work on marine of different logging practices on protected areas (MPAs), studies Photo Oeo ResurreCCIon coastal environments. In addition, are being continued in the British a regional aquaculture program for Virgin Islands. The value of the Pacific is being planned with protecting coral reefs before they the Secretariat of the Pacific become seriously damaged has Community and national partners. been shown by the contrast In Bangladesh, ICLARM and between the fish recruitment its partners had great success in patterns in the MPAs in Jamaica increasing the involvement of and the British Virgin Islands. The

2 ICLARM A'J'JlIAL REPORT 1998 latter reefs are less exploited and and plan for the future. Our stock­ damaged and are still capable of taking was greatly focused by the good levels of recruitment of commencement of the second full larval fish. External Program and Manage­ ment Review (EPMR) in Septem­ The ICLARM Annual Board ber. The Center welcomed the Awards were given to Dr. Madan EPMR, one of the chief account­ Dey and Dr. Roger Pullin. Dr. Dey ability processes of the Consulta­ was recognized for 'his outstand­ tive Group on International ing research leadership on the Agricultural Research (CGIAR). Dissemination and Evaluation of ICLARM's first EPMR was held Genetically Improved Tilapia in in 1992 and led, albeit with Asia Project, his innovative role in qualifications at the time, to the developing a unified methodology Photo, Bebet Meiiez Center's admission to the CGIAR. to analyze the impact of emerging A Mid-term Review in early 1995 technologies among scientists from reported on interim progress different disciplines, and his following entry to the CG system. success in strengthening collabora­ The report of the second EPMR tive relationships with ICLARM will be available in February 1999. partners'. Dr. Pullin was given the award for 'his sustained interna­ In preparing for the EPMR, tionalleadership in conceptualiz­ ICLARM reviewed the evolution ing and implementing research and impacts of its programs, its Photo, Modadugu Gupta aimed at increasing the production record of partnerships, the devel­ of freshwater species in tropical opment of its research manage­ countries, with special emphasis ment and overall governance. The on integrated natural resource new style of EPMRs in the systems, biodiversity evaluation CGIAR, however, does not stop at and enhancement, and genetic reviewing past performance, resources management and impact and strategy but also improvement' . provides many constructive suggestions and insights for the As ICLARM celebrated its 20 th centers to consider. ICLARM anniversary during 1997, the values this new approach highly. Center reflected on its past We see this EPMR as a critical achievements and the changes in element in the assessment of the global setting for the manage­ ICLARM's progress and have ment of living aquatic resources. approached the Review as an open In 1998, we had the opportunity to exercise in examining that progress take stock of and document the ourselves. Center's past and to look ahead Photo, ICLARM Library

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 3 At the same time, ICLARM's As the year drew to a close, the ICLARM spent 1998 in a Board of Trustees decided that a Board of Trustees was approach­ phase of consolidation, stabiliza­ new Strategic Plan should be ing the final stages of its six-year tion and preparation - consolida­ developed. The present plan!, long and often difficult search for a tion through implementing while providing an excellent base new headquarters site for decisions taken over the last for ICLARM's research programs, ICLARM. For most of this time, several years, such as the enlarge­ needs to be updated in the light of ICLARM had been looking only ment of the program in Africa the changes that have occurred in in the Philippines for a suitable through the Regional Research the management of living aquatic site. However, as it became Center for Africa and West Asia; resources in general and within the increasingly difficult to obtain a stabilization of program and Center in particular. Consequently, suitable arrangement for an management gains, such as a consultative and participatory appropriate site, the Board opened improved program and financial research planning process was up the option of a site in another planning, and preparation for the started in 1998. The new Strategic country. In 1998, an offer of a site major changes and challenges that Plan will be published in 1999. It at Penang was received from the lie ahead. will lead to a redesigned program Government of Malaysia and, in The year 1999 promises to be a structure for ICLARM, new late 1998, it seemed certain that a momentous one for ICLARM. Of operating modes for project suitable offer would also be particular significance will be the devcIopment and delivery, and a available for a site at Subic Bay in decision on a new headquarters radical revision of the Medium­ the Philippines. In early 1999, the site and its implementation, the term Plan (MTP) for the years Board will be evaluating both finalization of the EPMR and the 2001-2003. offers and hopes to be in a position completion of the Strategic Plan. to make a final decision. The Center is well prepared to I ICLARM's Strategy for International Research on Living Aquatic Resources Management. 1992. ICLARM. meet these challenges.

~~ ~tjP~ ~J Kurt J. Peters Meryl J. Williams Board Chair Director General

4 ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 PARTNERSHIP IN SCIENCE FOR FOOD

lmost every child Aknows that science has taken people to the moon,

but not many are aware that it Children taking turns with their home-made fishing rod to catch fish in the drainage canals of a tilapia can be used very effectively to farm in the Philippines. Photo, Joanna Kane-Potaka add fish and nutrition to the daily meal of thousands of undernourished children

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 5 n working together, ICLARM's commitment is "to ICLARM has had collabora­ improve the well-being of present tive undertakings in research and Ithe synergies and complemen­ and future generations of poor related activities with over 300 people from developing coun­ partners worldwide for the past 20 tary strengths of ICLARM and its tries". Millions of people in these years. In 1998, it had collaborative partners have expanded the countries can and do depend on links with 140 organizations and aquatic resources for food and scientists from over 35 countries. impacts of their research income. To help conserve and use The synergies and complementary well beyond their own limited wisely the world's existing aquatic strengths of its partners have been resources and to help in expanding successfully harnessed through its resources. ICLARM assists its their supply today and in the partnerships and collaborative future, ICLARM has formed national partners with skills, relations with institutions in partnerships at many different different sectors. Thus, it has been tools and a knowledge base levels - ranging from scientific possible to deliver high quality institutions to policymakers to output despite tight financial, staff to support research and poor fishers and farmers them­ and resource constraints. In turn, management. selves. These partnerships not only ICLARM has provided its provide range, depth and focus to partners technical expertise and ICLARM's work but are also research capacity strengthening instrumental in taking its benefits support and has shared with them to the people. the credit for the research results. The Center has extensive collabo­ rative research activities using facilities of its partners in the Philippines, China, Vietnam, Thailand, India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Fiji, Malaysia, Ghana, Taiwan and Cote d'Ivoire, Malawi, Jamaica, Egypt, Ghana and many developed countries.

Cryopreservation of tilapia germplasm. ICLARM scientist working with a partner from the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources at a laboratory in the Philippines. Photo. Oeo ResurreCCIon

6 ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 SCientifiC partnerShiPS to Increase prOductiunu 01 FISh Farming

The 1998 CGIAR Chairman's Excellence in Science Award for Scientific Partnership was awarded to the Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia1 (GIFT) project. The GIFT project is a good example of the success of collabo­ rative work in applied scientific research. In this case, the partners

were the Philippine Bureau of Tilapia breeders are being inspected lor maturity Fisheries and Aquatic Resources in one 01 the 500 net cages holding breeding groups and their progeny in the GIFT project. attempt to apply the principles of (BFAR), the Freshwater Aquacul­ Photo: Rma Velasco ture Center/Central Luzon State animal breeding theory to tropical University, Philippines (FAC/ aquaCUlture in a developing CLSU), the Aquaculture Research country setting. Systematic Institute of Norway, United selection over a long period has Nations Development Programme greatly increased the production of (UNDP), Asian Development farm animals and cultivated plants he GIFT Project is the first Bank (ADB) and partner institu­ and also improved the utilization systematic attempt to apply tions in Egypt, Ghana, Kenya, of nutrients and other resources. T Senegal and ICLARM. Their Fish and other aquatic resources the principles of animal breeding combined work, extending over 10 were not given this focus till years, could well lead to be a mini recently, even though they provide theory to tropical aquaculture in 'blue revolution' which will a major source of food and developing countries. provide significantly more fish to nutrition not only to the well off eat and better incomes for the but also to millions of poor people This could well lead to a people of Asia. in developing countries. 'blue revolution' which will The GIFT project is the largest The project was initiated to provide significantly more fish to fish breeding project ever carried answer three questions. Could the out. It is the first systematic application of basic principles of eat and better incomes for the

I UNDP PrOject No. GLO/90/016. Start·up funding by ADB. people of Asia.

ICL/\RM ,\NNlIAI. REPORT 1998 7 new strain of the Nile tilapia genetics and applied breeding relative performance was studied technology to the aquaculture in II test environments in the Ahas been developed through industry, as practiced for centuries Philippines. The growth perfor­ in plant and animal production, selective breeding. The strain mance of the different strains did result in enhanced production not vary significantly in the has demonstrated 18-70% higher efficiency? If an improved fish different systems, so attention was breed was developed, how could focused on developing one strain growth and a 20-30% lower cost this be successfully taken to and to be productive in all the preva­ of production in farm trials in adopted by the target beneficiaries? lent aquaculture systems. Com­ How could appropriate fish plete diallel crossbreeding experi­ five countries in Asia. breeding programs be developed in ments were carried out, but the the target countries themselves? results showed that strain crossing And all this in line with resulted in marginal improvements sustainability, social equity and in growth performance. protection of biodiversity and the The alternative breeding environment. system - selection - is simpler in Tilapia was the species selected design, more resource efficient and as it is a popular aquaculture easier to implement. Selection as species in Asia. Germplasm for a breeding strategy focuses on eight strains was collected from additive genetic variance - choos­ wild/natural stocks in Africa and ing the best performing individuals domesticated stocks in Asia. Their as breeders in every generation. A broad genetic base was built with

Measuring and documenting the growth individuals from 25 of the best performance 01 the GIFT strain in the Philippines. performing purebred and cross­ Photo: Rlna Velasco bred groups and a selection program was initiated. Over five generations of selection, the accumulated gain in relation to the base population in terms of growth (body weight) was 85%. Thus, the GIFT strain of Nile tilapia was produced.

In a related effort (the DEGITN project), the production potential of the GIFT strain was assessed on

l Dissemination and Evaluation of Genetically Impro'IIed Tilapia Species in Asia. AOB-RETA No. 5558.

tCLARM ANNUAl REPORI \998 testing stations and on farms in a convince officials, scientists and range of aquaculture systems in other farmers of the potential of Bangladesh, China, the Philip­ genetic fish improvement pro­ pines, Thailand and Vietnam. The grams for their aquaculture project also analyzed the impact of systems. In several Asian countries, dissemination of the improved the GIFT strain has already been genetic material on social equity, introduced into aquaculture and biodiversity and the environment. A GIFT tilapia national breeding programs are Photo: GIFT Project The GIFT strain successfully taking up the challenge of initiat­ demonstrated a considerably ing their own selection and higher yield potential in actual breeding programs to develop and farm conditions. The growth and distribute strains suited to their survival of the GIFT strain was specific environments. studied in relation to the existing Tilapia is a fish grown success­ strains used in aquaculture in these fully by small farmers and con­ countries. These comparisons sumed mainly by the lower income indicated that overall the new groups. The socioeconomic and strain performed between 18 to equity impacts of the improved 70% better in these countries, productivity are expected to be depending on the existing level of very positive for these sections of development of tilapia culture. the population. Concern over the What was even more significant in environmental impact of the terms of the implications for the Weighing tilapia from ponds in on-farm trials of the development of new breeds led the GIFT strain. Photo: Rina Velasco farmers themselves was that project partners to examine the production costs were 20 to 30% issue. This has resulted in the lower. The highly innovative and development of a common policy productive approach in both the position on fish introductions to projects (development of the strain protect biodiversity, and stringent and subsequent field trials) in quarantine arrangements and actively involving tilapia farmers transfer protocols to control the to carry out the comparison tests, spread of disease. demonstrated to the beneficiaries themselves the importance of genetic improvement in enhancing their productivity and incomes. This made it much easier to

lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 9 The wider implications of this advanced research institutions as exercise are quite as important associate members. The INGA from ICLARM's point of view as initiative is coordinated by I CLARM the direct impacts on productivity and will continue to promote and efficiency of tilapia aqua­ genetic research, breeding pro­ culture. It has created a widespread grams, training of scientists and interest in breed improvement of other partners in the member fish and focused the interest of countries and thus continue to scientists in major tropical globalize the outcomes of the aquaculture countries on its G 1FT project. potential. It has clearly demon­ To establish a viable commer­ strated the importance of aquatic cial base for the widespread genetic biodiversity in meeting the adoption of the GIFT strain, an Inspecting gills for presence of parasites during world's growing requirements of independent, nonstock, nonprofit quarantine. Photos: Rina Velasco food. It has developed a method to improve the productivity of organization, the GIFT Founda­ aquaculture without negative tion International Inc., was estab­ lished in 1997. It will be respon­ implications for resource use and the environment. sible for generating financial sup­ port for sustaining the gene banks To ensure that the impact of and the database gathered over the the GIFT project is widespread past 10 years. It operates breeding and long term, an International and production facilities and Network on Genetics in Aquacul­ distributes the GIFT strain through ture (INGA) was formed in 1993 a network of private hatcheries with the assistance of the United which have formal licensing Nations Development Programme arrangements with the Foundation. (UNDP) to strengthen partner­ The success story will ships to advance the science of fish not end with the tilapia in Asia. This genetics and the development of experiment has led to an accep­ national fish breeding programs. tance among scientists that The Network covers 13 countries systematic selection and domesti­ that account for the bulk of global cation has great potential for aquaculture production and a wide increasing the productivity and range of important farmed species improving the efficiency of and farming systems. It also has 11 tropical aquaculture. This work is being extended to improve tilapia culture in Africa through ICLARM's regional center in

10 ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 Egypt. Food security is becoming resulted in a valuable body of increasingly critical in the region. information and a method of ICLARM has initiated research on participatory and localized the Nile tilapia resources in Africa research that can have a profound to identify the best performing impact on the volume and effi­ populations that will be used for ciency of production of a primary selective breeding to develop more source of protein. The GIFT productive strains for aquaculture project was a scientific success. in the region. Research is also The challenge now is to create being carried out for more efficient mechanisms for establishing production of catfish and triploid research based fish breeding grass carp. projects on a commercial scale in developing countries where Selective breeding techniques aquaculture is not only essential will also be extended to five species today, but can be a very important of carps in six Asian countries contributor to food security in the with the assistance of INGA. A future. project for the Genetic Improve­ ment of Carp Species in Asia was developed in response to the Training farmers and hatchery operators in more requests from the carp producing productive hatchery practices for carp aquaculture. countries of Asia to initiate a Photo, Bert Oficial strategic research and training program for Asian carps similar to the GIFT program. In these countries, carps are more widely produced than the til apia and are preferred by the consumers.

National research institutions in Bangladesh, China, India, Indone­ sia, Thailand and Vietnam will carry out the research and develop­ ment in collaboration with ICLARM.

The unique partnership among researchers, governments, develop­ ment assistance organizations, farmers and hatchery owners has

!CLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 11 Direct partnerShiPS just subsisting at a very low level without adequate food for her with Farmers family. Then she joined the program to develop aquaculture in household ponds and unused Not long ago, Jehanara Begum waterbodies. Today Begum was subsisting by raising a few J ubaida has dreams for her chickens or doing a little sewing children. She wants not only her and carving. Married at 12 years son but her daughters too to get an of age and abandoned by her education and get jobs. She has a husband soon after, she was barely house, her children go to school managing to keep body and soul and she runs an aquaculture together, with little hope for her business. future. Today she has the self­ confidence to act as an adviser to These are only two of the other women in her community thousands of examples of how the and is hoping to increase her lives of the poor in rural income from 16,000 taka Bangladesh have been positively (US$350) last year to 25,000 taka affected by the partnership be­ (US$550) this year. She is an tween ICLARM, the Bangladesh entrepreneur, she raises and sells Fisheries Research Institute Jehanara Begum is now an entrepreneur raising (BFRI) and the NGO, the and selling fish. She provides advice and stands as fish in the market. a shining example of how rural women in Bangladesh Rural Advancement Bangladesh can take control of their livelihoods Begum Jubaida was married at Committee (BRAC)3. And this, and provide a future for their children. the age of 15 with hardly any Photo: Marlene Bedford hopefully, is only the beginning. education and skills to earn a living. Her husband died Working directly with poor her with little farmers in Bangladesh, this partnership used the application of scientific methods to maximize the her children. use of available resources to She was improve their lives. Eighty percent of the people of Bangladesh live in flood prone rural areas and depend on fish for protein in their

) Networth: Research with the Rural Women of Bangladesh. 1998. CG IAR.

12 ICLARM ANNUAl REPORl 1998 Women in Jessore, Bangladesh, at a training! discussion group for introducing scientific systems for raising fish in their local waterbodies (ponds). Photo, Marlene Bedford food. The land is dotted with ponds, roadside ditches, commu­ ponds and ditches which trap nity ponds and seasonal flood waters and fish when the waterbodies productively? floods recede. However, there was Putting these waterbodies to he empowerment little effort made to maintain these productive use has changed the ponds and to use their potential to of women has been an scenario completely. The widely T farm fish. They lay fallow and cultured Indian carp does not important aspect of this covered with weeds and were grow in shallow water, so research massive breeding grounds for focused on the potential of the research and development mosquitoes. This was due to the tilapia and the silver barb which lack of knowledge of the suitable carried out with the direct can grow to table size in three to type of fish to farm in shallow six months in seasonal, turbid, participation of the water and affordable feed for the shallow water. The challenge was fish, not to mention weed and beneficiaries. to develop affordable, low external disease control. Why not help the input aquaculture practices that poor farmers to use the household

lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 13 could be adopted and sustained by monoculture system, selling just a wo of the largest NGOs the majority of the poor and quarter of the fish produced would Tthat were already working landless rural households. During cover operational costs. the earlier phase from 1989 to Two of the largest N GOs, with poor farmers helped 1993, monoculture systems using BRAe and Proshika, that already tilapia (Nile and red) and the silver disseminate the technology worked with poor farmers helped barb were developed and tested disseminate the technology on a to some 30,000 farmers with farmers. ICLARM and BFRI large scale during this period, collaborated with BRAC to in rural Bangladesh. involving some 30,000 farmers in identify and train participating aquaculture. farmers. The results both on the research station and in the trials on The next phase was undertaken farms were spectacular. Using cow between 1993 and 1995 and placed manure as fertilizer and rice bran even more emphasis on research as feed, farmers were able to being done directly on the farms produce fish at a rate of 900 to with NGO support. Different 1,800 kilograms per hectare mixed or polyculture systems, (kg/ha) of pond in less than six where more than one species of months. Even higher production fish was introduced into the ponds, was achieved in ponds where a were evaluated for their suitability mix of silver barb, silver carp and to local conditions such as market mirror carp was cultured. The demand, farmer preferences and economic results of the seasonal biological efficiency. The pond aquaculture were also polyculture systems produced Raising fish in local ponds that were earlier lying impressive. For example, the nearly twice as much fish per unit fallow give the people better nutrition and additional income from selling fish. research found that in the til apia of pond areas as the earlier Photo. Marlene Bedford monoculture trials - 3,000 kg/ha. U nit costs were lower than in the monoculture systems, making pond aquaculture evcn more profitable. The results arc even more spectacular when compared with typical fish YIelds obtained by farmers before they tried the new technologies. For example, one study" showed that fish production

, Jllte'j(,lt Oil ()f A(j,J,lCtJitLlre II 1,1rPllWl Sj')t'''~l') :,1 Flcc,ciprone Ecosy'lterns \ T B,"I(,',lll('

14 ICLARM A~'-JLlAL REPORT 1998 I increased from 300 kg/ha to 2,500 The women also proved to be ith training and assistance kg/ha when the new systems were an invaluable resource in the adopted. Even farmers who were development of the "appropriate Win adopting new low-cost not directly involved in the re­ technology". They told the search and extension work began scientists what was available, technologies in pond aquaculture to adopt the technology without feasible and affordable. A specific farmers were able to increase formal training or assistance and fertilizer may increase the produc­ achieved yields of more than tivity of a fishpond, but if it is too fish production from 300 kglha to 1,000-1,500 kg/ha in the season expensive or more valuable in over 2,500 kglha. Consumption between floods, triple what they other uses (e.g., cow manure used had been able to produce before. as fuel) then it is not a viable of fish by the households The consumption of fish by the option. The scientists developed households quadrupled and their techniques for using rice bran, quadrupled and their saleable saleable surplus increased 10 to 20 chicken manure, grasses and surplus increased 10 to 20 times. times. They eat better and also weeds to feed the fish. They are have additional income from now studying the potential of selling fish. using biogas, slurry, azolla and vermiculture as feed. It was the Though the project was not women who brought attention to specifically aimed at women, it the fact that input cost and avail­ turned out that the majority of the Photos: Marlene Bedford ability was crucial and the tech­ beneficiaries were women. The niques developed must be suitable socioeconomic structure in rural for local conditions. They were Bangladesh leaves women tied to also instrumental in pointing the their homes. with low literacy and research towards polyculture, skills to earn an income, even if which proved to be more efficient there were any job opportunities than mono culture. available in the area. Going away from home to work has little social The most crucial aspect of the acceptance. What could be more partnership was the involvement appropriate in this situation than of local NGOs that were instru­ to be able to eat better and earn an mental in taking the techniques to income by. working close to the the farmers, especially to the household itself? Added to this are women. The NGO workers are the gains in terms of self worth known and respected in the local and social status for the women communities, they have access to that are difficult to quantify, but the women, they know the condi­ nevertheless significant. tions on the ground and they

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 \5 he women administer microcredit schemes to Jubaida says her life is better than promote income generating her mother's and is certain that her Tproved to be an activities. Without them it would two daughters who go to school not have been possible to dissemi­ now will have a better life than hers invaluable resource nate the techniques to impact such to look forward to. in the development a large number of people. It was This experience in Bangladesh their involvement that made the highlights the fact that even a well of the "appropriate whole process highly interactive. researched scientific system And it was this interaction that technology". They told the imposed from outside may not steered the researchers to experi­ work if it does not take into scientists what was available, menting with different species, account conditions on the ground. culture systems, materials and low feasible and affordable. ICLARM is well aware of this and cost feeds that were available to has been consciously emphasizing the poor farmers and to under­ the participatory and socioeco­ stand the socioeconomic impera­ nomic aspects in all its projects tives of the people they were through continuous two-way aiming to help. communication with the farmers. An important impact of the The recognition that success at project has been the empowerment ameliorating the situation of poor of women without the prerequisite fish producers and consumers can of radical sociological change. be better achieved if they them­ Economic empowerment will selves are involved in the effort has

Begum lubaida feeds the fish in her pond. She says surely lead to the educational and led to more emphasis in her life is belter than her mother's. She can now social empowerment of women in ICLARM's projects on participa­ afford to send her children to school and hopes to give them an even belter start in life. the next generation. Begum tory and community-based ap­ Photo Marlene Bedford proaches. ICLARM's strategy to achieve its mission is now firmly rooted in this approach.

16 ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 display, ICLARM focused atten­ RaiSing PUbliC ver 27,000 people Awareness thrOugh tion on its research in integrated agriculture-aquaculture. Rice is the Osaw the display and heard partnerShiPS most common crop in large parts of China, Southeast Asia and the about raiSing fish economically The dire predictions of Thomas Indian subcontinent. Rice grows in Robert Malthus have not yet come in ricefields and how scientific a lot of water, and so does fish. In to pass, largely due to the applica­ this context, the issues of effective research can have a tremendous tion of science to increasing the soil and water management, the production of food. Walt Disney impact on food availability for benefits of raising fish in rice World highlighted the role of paddies and the productive use of the poor. science in alleviating hunger and resources available on farms bringing this knowledge to the through recycling were communi­ public at Epcot in Florida, through cated to the audience through an annual six-week display started interactive visual and oral presen­ in 1996. "Gardening for Food tations. Around the World" particularly illustrates the activities of the Almost every child knows that World Bank, the CGIAR and the science has taken people to the Rodale Institute in supporting and moon, but not many are aware that promoting advances in global food it can be used very effectively to supply. add a highly nutritious food to the

To put these efforts into the right context for the public, the Communicators from ICLARM and ICARDA farm scene in Asia, Africa, Latin highlighting the benefits of integrating fish with rice farming to guests at Disney World in Florida. America and the USA was Phoh Edda Echeandla transported to Orlando. Integrated into these displays were research advances that promise to feed millions, as well as farming methods that have sustained populations for thousands of years. Scientists from the CGIAR centers presented these to the VlSltors that came to view the exhIbItS.

ICLARM participated in this effort in May-June 1998 as part of the Asian section. At the 1998

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 17 daily meal of thousands of EHtending Our undernourished children around the world. Knowledge is essential partnerShiPS to create conditions and incentives in Africa for channeling resources into harnessing the potential of aquatic ICLARM's Regional Research resources to increase the supply of Center for Africa and West Asia in food in the future. As world Egypt officially opened on 25 May population grows, science must 1997. For the first 20 years of its continue to find new ways to existence, ICLARM's focus has expand the availability of afford­ been mainly on Asia and some of able food while protecting the the Pacific islands. The regional resource base from which it is office will be the base for extend­ produced. Only if more and more ing the work to a region where people come to understand this food security is critical. need will it be possible to convince Most of 1997 was taken up them of the need to put resources with completing the host country into this effort as the social agreement, evaluating and recruit­ consequences of neglect are likely ing key staff and renovating the to be global - in terms of peace, facilities. In January 1998, rCLARM prosperity, health and environmen­ assumed full management respon­ tal renewal - for the rich and poor sibility for the research facility that alike. has been made available by the Government of the Arab Republic of Egypt. The staff now includes ICLARM's Regional Research Center for Africa and West Asia has been set up at Abbassa with the some 95 scientists, professionals support of the Government of Egypt, the Government and technical support staff. of Japan, World Bank, USAID and Arab Fund. Photo Brian Tierney Administrative systems and procedures have been established. With the continuing improvements on the research laboratories, ponds, administrative areas, residential complex and road network, the facilities arc now ready to serve as ICLARM's regional base for aquatic research for Africa and West Asia. The Government of Egypt, the Gov­ ernment of Japan, World Bank,

18 ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT \998 8roodfish being selected from the research ponds for genetic studies and breed improvement of the Nile tilapia at ICLARM's Abbassa site in Egypt. Photo, Bnan Tierney

USAID and Arab Fund are • research on hatchery and currently funding the operations. culture systems and fish health; ICLARM plans to focus initially on the following areas of • training in the improved aquatic research and development management of fishery for the region: resources by local communi­ ties and governments; • the development of genetically improved breeds of fish to • testing management strategies enhance aquaculture produc­ to produce sustainable yield of tion in the region; fish in lakes and reservoirs in the region using an ecosystem • research to determine the approach and integrating it genetic identity of different with economics and sociology; species and populations; and

lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 19 • creating an awareness among national fisheries program, policymakers of the value of ICLARM is studying and docu­ well managed aquatic re­ menting the genetic diversity of sources in terms of their tilapia resources in Africa and potential for more food and testing the performance of the employment for low income species under controlled condi­ communities. tions. The next step will be Scientists work on water quality factors that selective breeding to develop a influence growth and production of farmed fish. The success of research to strain which can be used to Photo Roger Rowe improve the productivity of increase the productivity and aquaculture in Asia encouraged profitability of aquaculture in the ICLARM to extend this work to region, especially to benefit the Africa in 1998. The GIFT Project low income producers and con­ has demonstrated the potential sumers. This is one of its first improvements in the productivity forays into the African region. of farming tilapia with the devel­ Experiments are also being opment of suitable strains through conducted to develop improved genetic selection techniques. The hatchery procedures to produce tilapia is native to Africa and only catfish (Clarias gariepinus) finger­ found there in its wild state. lings. The next step will be to Aquaculture has not yet been determine the potential for using widely practiced in Africa but Clarias more extensively for already tilapia account for 1/3 of aquaculture in Africa. aquaculture production. In Technicians taking measurements of the Nile partnership with the Egyptian ICLARM staff have collabo­ tilapia for the genetic improvement experiments. Photo Roger Rowe rated with scientists from the Channel Maintenance Research Institute to produce triploid, sterile grass carp which are used to control weeds in irrigation and drainage canals, without the fish themselves reproducing at a high rate and choking up the waterways.

Research and development of the fisheries in Lake Nasser will be used as a model for developing

20 ICLARM ANNU;\L REPORT 1998 sustainable management practices Elsewhere in Africa, ICLARM for increasing the yield of fish has already been working on a from the lakes and reservoirs in the farmer participatory research region. The first step was an project in Malawi for the last 14 international workshop on Lake years. By documenting and Nasser Fisheries held in Aswan in studying the flow of all resources June 1998. It brought together a on a farm it has been possible to range of people, from fisheries design a system for integrating scientists to sociologists, econo­ aquaculture with agriculture to mists and fisheries managers, to maximize the output of a farm by identifY the issues that need to be using the wastes from one product studied and incorporated into a as an input for the others and viable ecosystem approach that minimizing the need for purchase will be in tune with local socio­ of inputs from outside. This way economic conditions. ICLARM's growing crops, raising animals and Measuring ti/apia, catfish and common carp at the research ponds to determine productivity. experience in Bangladesh described growing fish become mutually Photo, Roger Rowe earlier has highlighted the impor­ reinforcing activities. A fairly tance of tailoring new technology sophisticated ecosystem model of and systems to fit in with the an integrated farming system has realities on the ground. been developed - but partner farmers have complete ownership A beginning has also been of the practical application as they made in establishing a library and have personally conducted the on­ an information center/service at farm experiments and supplied the the Abbassa site to serve the needs data. of the scientists in the region. Links are being forged with national research projects, national research institutes and universities so that networking can be extended in the region.

Experimenting on the potential of integrating fish farming with livestock and duck rearing in Africa. This is a common practice in Asia. Photo, Roger Rowe

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 21 The wau to GO will hopefully be the first of many Together more productive partnerships with we can the private sector in the future. To increase public awareness do it! These are but a few examples of the importance of fisheries and from our activities in 1998 that aquaculture and to spread the highlight the importance of impact of its research and training partnerships. With the finite staff activities as widely as possible, and resources available to ICLARM continues to strengthen ICLARM it could not have its partnerships with individuals reached thousands of small and institutions at the national, farmers raising fish in ponds and regional and international levels. ditches in Bangladesh. ICLARM A new initiative in 1998 was the works with policymakers, scien­ establishment of the Group of Selective harvesting for impact assessment of an tists, farmers, fisher communities Fisheries and Aquatic Research integrated aquaculture-agriculture project in an upland buffer zone in the Philippines. Common and NGOs in all its projects. The (GoFAR) under the Asia-Pacific carp, tilapia and catfish grown in this polyculture collaboration with Disney World Association of Agricultural system will be studied for improving growth, size Research Institutes. GoFAR will and adaptability to local conditions. Photo Bert Olicla! promote collaborative regional research on aquatic resources and its links with other sectors such as agriculture, livestock and forestry.

ICLARM is very optimistic about being able to fulfill its mission through the strong and extensive partnership network it has created and is continuously expanding. We have partnerships at the level of the farmers, at the national level with governments and research institutions, at the regional level through associa­ tions and at the global level through INGA and all the people who recognize the importance of the world's aquatic resources. Together we can do it!

..,.., !CLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1996 WORI, IN 1998

MajOr Selective Breeding (GIFT) • Coordinated sales to the Technology for Aquaculture aquarium market on behalf of AccomDlishments Improvement from the Philip­ village farmers. pines to sub-Saharan Africa and • Maintained seeded oysters at the bB program/ Egypt". demonstration blacklip pearl Diuision/Oflice oyster farm. The first crop is due Integrated Aquaculture­ to be harvested in April 1999. Biodiversity and Genetic Agricn1ture Systems Program Resources Program • Sought funding to continue the • Revised the RESTORE package, operation of the demonstration • Released Fishbase 98 with with expansion of data collec­ farm and for dissemination of information on 20,000 fishes tion and analysis to obtain research results. drawn from 12,000 references. standard economic criteria. • Trained farmer groups to • Conducted the Second and • Provided technical and logistic establish a pearl oyster farm in Third Regional Training support to private hatcheries in the Shortland Islands. Courses on Fisheries and Bangladesh for spawning Biodiversity Management in indigenous carps. • Continued research on spawning Port of Spain, Trinidad and and low cost rearing of sandfish, • Assisted in providing training to Tobago and Swakopmund, white teatfish and surf redfish. farmers in Malawi, Bangladesh Namibia, respectively. and the Philippines in sustain­ • Selected sites for the study of • Collected, documented and able aquaculture technologies. the effects of alternative logging analyzed extensive data on the operations on inshore marine • Conducted baseline research on genetic diversity of ecosystems in the tropical tilapia for pond aquaculture in Sarotherodon melanotheron western Pacific. Malawi. populations in coastal lagoons and watercourses in West • Extended the fisheries informa­ Aquatic Environments Program Africa. tion network in Asia and Africa. • Distributed 700 ReefBase 2.0 • Monitored 30 farm households CD-ROMs. Germplasm Enhancement and to assess the impact of Integrated Breeding Program • Provided data from the Reefs at Aquaculture-Agriculture (IAA) Risk report released by WRI. • Initiated work on genetic improve­ adoption in the upland forest ment of carps in Bangladesh, buffer zone in the Philippines. • Released ReefBase 3.0. China, India, Indonesia, • Initiated action research on • Selected sites for application of Thailand and Vietnam. improving productivity of fish Rapid Assessment of Manage­ • Initiated surveys of freshwater and rice in the flood prone areas ment Parameters (RAMP) in fish farmers and consumers in of Bangladesh and Vietnam. data collection for coral reefs. Bangladesh, China, India, • Analyzed samples sent in from the Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam. Coastal Aquacn1ture and Stock Philippines, Malaysia, the Solomon Enhancement Program • Compared different strains of Islands, Vietnam and Taiwan for four species of tilapia for • Distributed 10,500 giant clam the Population Interdependen­ aquaculture performance in Egypt. (Tridacna squamosa) "seed" to cies in the South China Sea coastal villagers from the CAC Ecosystem (PISCES) Project. • Finalized funding for "Genetic nursery. Enhancement of Tropical • Completed the Ninth Training Aquaculture Species by Com­ • Assisted a private company to Program on Coastal Manage­ bined Selection, Marker-assisted take over ICLARM's role in the ment in the Philippines. Selection and QTL Mapping" production and supply of giant and proposed for "Transfer of clam seed to farmers.

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 23 • Convened graduates of the • Monitored impacts of Commu­ -Valuation of Coral Reef Systems: national course on integrated nity-based Fisheries Management Case Studies of Philippine coastal zone management (CBFM) in inland openwater Coral Reefs; (ICZM) and potential collabora­ fisheries in Bangladesh. - Socioeconomic component of tors from Vietnam, Indonesia the Project on Strengthening and Malaysia at the convention • Developed and introduced the Institutional Capacity for of ICZM practitioners. action plans for CBFM for ten project waterbodies. Sustainable Aquaculture • Collaborated on a workshop Development in the Mekong and the selection of research • Organized several workshops Delta (HAKI Project) of groups for the Population, and displays on CBFM. Vietnam; and Consumption and Environ­ • Initiated work on the Socio­ - Bangus Fry Resources Assess­ mental Coordination Project. economic and Bioeconomic ment. Analysis of Coastal Fish Stocks Fisheries Resources Assessment in Asia in Bangladesh, India, Information and Training and Management Program Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philip­ Program • Developed and distributed a test pines, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam. • Provided information and version of Ecopath with reference services to 1,797 Ecosim. Incorporated Ecospace • Developed and implemented visitors. Responded to 460 as a module. jointly with IFPRI the frame­ queries from 82 countries under • Conducted six international work for the Policy Conference the Selective Fisheries Informa­ training workshops on the use on the CGIAR System-wide tion Service. of Ecopath with Ecosim and Initiative on Property Rights and • Completed 44 publications; presented it at several interna­ Collective Action. edited and cleared 63 contributions. tional conferences. • Completed several co-manage­ • Distributed 34,464 copies of • Continued to analyze patterns ment case studies in Asia. ICLARM publications. of settlement and recruitment in • Completed Phase I of the final marine protected areas in the project research report on • Achieved major efficiency gains British Virgin Islands and Fisheries Co-Management in in the Publications Unit result­ Jamaica. Asia: Lessons from Experience. ing in:

• Initiated work on the project on • Prepared the workplan for Phase - reducing the average time for sustainable utilization of coastal II (1999-2003) of the Fisheries publishing from years to months; fish stocks in Asia. Co-Management Project. - clearing the backlog of five to six years of scientific manu­ • Completed survey of the results • Completed the following projects: of the three-year closure of a scripts to be published; - Legal, Policy and Institutional marine protected area in the - timely publication of Naga, the Analysis of the Management Arnavon Islands. ICLARM Quarterly. Seven of the of Fisheries, Coastal Resources Naga were published in 1998; and Coastal Environments in Policy Research and Impact and Assessment Program Bangladesh and Southeast Asia; -savings of more than US$25,000 - Evaluation of the Performance • Published 11 articles in scien­ in distribution and printing of Fisheries Co-Management tific journals on the socioeco­ expenses. This amount was used in Indonesia and the Philippines; nomic, policy and institutional to purchase some up-to-date analyses of coastal fisheries - An Institutional Analysis of the computer hardware and management and aquaculture. Sasi Laut System in Maluku software. Province, Indonesia;

24 ICLARM ANNUAl REPORI 1998 • Increased public awareness Indonesia and the Philippines. • Developed the intranet pages to activities, including hosting of • Coordinated exchange of make communication and international journalists; facilities delivery effective and germplasm among partners. organizing international and cost efficient. national displays (including one at Disney in USA); coordinating CGIAR System-wide Initiatives • Performed Y2K tests on all ICLARMPCs. a video promoting ICLARM's • Participated in the database research in Bangladesh; and compilation for the System-wide • Completed first phase of the developing a Focus for Research Genetic Resources Program installation of a new computer­ flyer series. (SGRP). ized accounting system. • Developed a training strategy for • Assisted in the planning and • Provided additional reserve for the institutionalizing of hosting of an International IRS repatriation. ICLARM's research related Policy Conference on Property training. Rights, Collective Action and • Conducted a review and audit Devolution of Natural Re­ of IRS accounts, publications International Partnerships and sources Management. and overheads. Networks Program • Collaborated in a project on • Maximized ICLARM's privi­ • Undertook training courses, Valuing the Multiple Uses of leges under the host country workshops, academic and Irrigated Areas under the agreement. research collaboration for System-wide Initiative on Water NARS capacity building. • Developed budget and financial Management. chapters for a rolling Medium­ • Established the Group of • Participated in system-wide term Plan (MTP) 1999-2001. Fisheries and Aquatic Research public awareness activities to (GoFAR) under APAARI to • Developed the financing plan promote the value of research for 1999. coordinate regional collabora­ on natural aquatic resources. tion in research and capacity • Developed a revised budget building. • Chaired the Advisory Board of cycle, planning and resource the Gender and Diversity allocation process. • Extended international collabo­ Program of the CGIAR. rations through Food and • Developed staffing patterns for Agriculture Organization - Corporate Services Division all ICLARM locations to Regional Office for Asia and the manage staff positions and Pacific (FAO-RAP) and Strat­ • Prepared guidelines for the related costs. egy for International Fisheries recruitment of IRS. and Aquatic Research (SIFAR). • Participated in the revision of • Conducted a Staff Attitude CGIAR Accounting Standards. • Developed a database on Survey and implemented a new ICLARM's research partners. database for analysis and • Served on Board of the Associa­ presentation. tion of International Agricultural • Continued collaborative genetics Research Centers (AIARC). research in Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, • Developed NRS personnel Ghana and Malawi. policy manuals for outreach sites. Office of the Deputy Director • Extended INGA membership to • Negotiated a new, more compre­ General- Africa and West Asia include 11 advanced research hensive NRS medical package. • Assumed management of the institutions as associate members. • Upgraded the computer and research facilities at Abbassa • Formalized national fish genetics electronic mail systems. according to the agreement with research networks in Malaysia, the Government of Egypt.

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORr 1998 25 • Completed first phase of the Office ofthe Deputy Director • Worked with international, refurbishment of the Abbassa General- Programs regional and national aquatic facilities. resources research and manage­ • Convened ICLARM Strategic ment partners to fulfill • Staffed the regional center with Planning Workshop. ICLA RM's mandate. 90 locally recruited staff. • Drafted ICLARM's Strategic • Raised public awareness of • Developed and expanded Plan for 2000-2020. ICLARM's mission, role and contacts with fisheries manage­ • Compiled a supplement on achievements. ment and research organizations Aquatic Resources Research in and scientists in Egypt and in • Developed a resource mobiliza­ Developing Countries, Data and the region. tion strategy for ICLARM. Evaluation by Region and • Completed a workshop in Resource Sysrem. • Revised guidelines for submis­ Aswan, Egypt, to develop a sion and clearance of proposals. • Finalized (with DG and ADG) research agenda for Lake Nasser ICLARM's Medium-term Plan fisheries. 2000-2002. • Initiated work on: • Developed (with ADG) the - three populations of Nile ICLARM 1999 Financing Plan tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, and 1998 Agenda Update. and one population of each of three other tilapia species; • Convened the internally com­ these were tested for growth in missioned external review of length and weight under pond AEP. conditions to determine • Developed EPMR documents between and within species on ICLARM's programs, diversity of Egyptian tilapia; achievements and impacts. - improved hatchery procedures • Monitored the ACIAR review for mass production of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fingerlings of aquaculture in the Pacific, including ICLARM's contri­ to enhance the potential for bution. using Clarias more extensively for aquaculture in Africa; Office ofthe Director General - collaborated with scientists • Completed the 2000-2002 from the Channel Mainte­ Medium-term Plan. nance Research Institute to produce triploid, sterile grass • Raised resources for the Center. carp to control weeds 10 • Improved and integrated the irrigation and drainage channels; work programs and operations of the Center across mUltiple sites. - supported the first phase of INGA Project on Nile tilapia • Led the Center through the being implemented by the ongoing EPMR. Egyptian national fisheries • Supported the Board of Trustees research program. in decisions regarding a new headquarters site.

26 ICLARM ANNUAl REPORT 1998 ResearCh and Related prOjects bB program

TITLE DURATION DONORS1,2 COLLABORATING INSTITUTIONSl Biodiversity and Genetic Resources Program

Strengthening Fisheries and Dec 1996 - Dec 2000 EU FAO; AFS (American); WCMC; Musee Royal de Biodiversity Management l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren; Museum National in ACP Developing Countries, d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris; MRAG, Imperial with Further Development College, London; California Academy of Sciences, of a Biological Database on San Francisco; British Museum, London; Ocean Fish (FishBase) Voice International, Ottawa; CARICOM Fisheries Resources Assessment and Management Program, Belize; World Conservation Union, Gland; UBC, Vancouver; SPC, Noumea; National Marine Informa­ tion and Research Centre, SWaKopmund; national programs of 55 countries in the ACP countries; other institutions; individual researchers

Fish Biodiversity in the Mar 1997 - Sep 1999 BMZlGTZ Zoologisches Institut und Zoologisches Museum, Coastal Zone: A Case Study Germany; WRI, Accra; Universitat Hamburg, Hamburg on the Genetic Diversity (Process of Speciation), Conservation and Sustainable Use in Aquaculture and Fish- eries of the Black-chinned Tilapia (Sarotherodon melano- theron) in West African Coastal Lagoons and Watercourses

Genetic Diversity of the Oct 1997 - Sep 2000 DFID University of Wales, Swansea Silver Barb, Barbodes gonionotus (Bleeker), in Southeast Asia

Bellagio Conference: 8 - 14 Apr 1998 FAO; FAO Towards Policies for Conser­ Rockefeller Foundation vation and Sustainable Use of Aquatic Genetic Resources Germplasm Enhancement and Breeding Program

Genetic Improvement of Carp Phase I ADB; ICLARM Bangladesh: Department of Agricultural Finance, in Asia 1997 - 1999 unrestricted funds Bangladesh Agricultural University, FRI; China: Shanghai Fisheries University, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center; India: CIFA (lCAR), National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources; Indonesia: Research Institute for Freshwater Fisheries, Universitas Hasanuddin; Thailand: NAGRI, DOF, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Asian Institute of Technology; Vietnam: Research Institute for Aquaculture Nos. I and 2

Genetic Improvement 5 - 10 years ICLARM unrestricted Philippines: Freshwater Aquaculture Centre/Central of Tilapias funds; USAID; IDRC; Luzon State University (FAC/CLSU); GIFT others to be identified Foundation International, Inc.; USA: Auburn University; others to be identified

, List of acronyms on p. 75. , All programs receive funding from ICLARM's unrestricted core funds. lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 27 TITLE DURATION DONORS1,2 COLLABORATING INSTITUTIONS 1

Integrated Aquaculture-Agriculture Systems Program

Integrated Resources 1991 - 1999 ICLARM unrestricted ICLARM outreach teams and national collaborators in Management (IRM) Group and funds Bangladesh and Malawi Development of RESTORE Software

Research for Development of Jun 1993 - Dec 1999 USAID Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI), Sustainable Aquaculture Bangladesh; various NGOs Practices

Development of Sustainability Oct 1994 - Jun 1999 BMZ/GTZ University of Kassel (GHK), Germany; national Indicators for Integrated institutions in the Philippines; ICLARM outreach Agriculture-Aquaculture teams; national collaborators Farming Systems

Aquaculture Research and Jan 1996 - 2000 DANIDA; ICLARM Malawi: Fisheries Department, Ministry of Development for Smallholder (proposed) unrestricted funds Agriculture and Livestock Development, University of Farms in Southern Africa Malawi, National Aquaculture Center, Aquaculture for Local Community Development Programme (FAO); Southern African Center for Cooperation in Agricultural Research and Training; FAO; Japanese International Cooperation Agency; Malawi-German Fisheries and Aquaculture Development Project

Upland Integrated Aquaculture- Jul 1996 - Dec 1999 CFPQ; BMZ/GTZ Community Forestry Project-Quirino (CFPQ), DENR, Agriculture Systems in Forest People's Organizations of Baguio Village and Buffer Zone Management Don Mariano Perez, Philippines

Increasing and Sustaining the Jun 1997 - May 2000 IFAD; Ford Bangladesh: BFRI, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Productivity of Fish and Rice Foundation (BRRI), Proshika Manobik Unnayan Kendra (MUK); in the Flood-Prone Ecosystem Vietnam: Research Institute for Aquaculture No. I in South and Southeast Asia and 2, Agricultural Science Institute, IRRI

Coastal Aquaculture and Stock Enhancement Program

Village Farming and Restock­ Operational since 1987. EU; FAO; ESCAP MAF, Solomon Islands; JCU, Australia ing of Giant Clams This phase, from mid-1995 to Dec 1999

Development of Village Farms Operational since 1993. ACIAR MAF, Solomon Islands; JCU, Australia; Cook Islands for Blacklip Pearl Oysters This phase, from early Ministry of Marine Resources; US Peace Corps in Solomon Islands 1998 to Dec 2000

Development of Methods for Since 1993; this phase, ACIAR; CIDA MAF, Solomon Islands; Advisory Panel from ASIs in the Mass-Rearing of Tropical Jan 1995 - Dec 1999 Australia coordinated by ACIAR; University of Sydney Sea Cucumbers for the Purpose of Enhancing Wild Stocks

, List of acronyms on p. 75. , All programs receive funding from ICLARM's unrestricted core funds .

.2tl ICLARM ANNUi\L REPORI 1998 TITLE DURATION DONORS1,2 COLLABORATING INSTITUTIONS! Aquatic Environments Program

Improving Policies for Sus­ Jan 1999 - Mar 2001 SIDA WCMC; URI; GCRMN; WRI; NCAR; NASA­ tainable Management of Johnson Space Center; other institutions and Coral Reefs individuals who contribute data and pictures to the database

Population Interdependencies Jan 1997 - Dec 1999 John D. and Catherine Malaysia: University of Malaysia, Sabah; Taiwan: Institute in the South China Sea T. MacArthur Found­ of Zoology Academia Sinica; Vietnam: Department of Ecosystems ation; World Environ­ Marine Living Resources, Institute of Oceanography; ment and Resources Indonesia: Environmental Study Center, Program Universitas Pattimura, Ambon; Solomon Islands: CAC

Coastal Management Training Five years Rockefeller Brothers PCAMRD; DA-BFAR; DENR; IIRR; Haribon Program in the Philippines commencing in 1997 Fund Foundation; Visayas State College of Agriculture-GTZ Tropical Ecology Program; USAID Coastal Resources Management Program; UN Train-Sea-Coast Programme; British Embassy; OXFAM-UK

Coordination of the Popula­ Jan 1998 - Dec 2000 John D. and Catherine Micronesia Research Study Area: Princeton University tion, Consumption and the T. MacArthur (USA), USDA Forest Service, Stanford University (USA), Environment Foundation Department of Agriculture and Land (Federated States of Micronesia); Goa Research Study Area: TATA Energy Research Institute (India); Madagascar Research Study Area: University of Connecticut (USA), University of Antananarivo a University Museum (Madagascar); Ghana-Zambia- Zimbabwe Research Study Area: Christian Michelsen Institute (Norway); Marine Fisheries Research Division and University of Ghana (Ghana), University of Zimbabwe (Zimbabwe), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries (Zambia); Gulf of Fonseca Research Study Area: ICRW (USA), CODDEFAGOLF (Honduras), CEASDES (E1 Salvador); Galapagos Study Area: The Nature Conservancy (USA and Ecuador), Fundacion Natura (Ecuador); Palawan Research Study Area: University of Rhode Island (USA), University of the Philippines (Philippines); South Sulawesi Research Study Area: University of Indonesia (Indonesia), Indonesian Institute of Science (Indonesia); North Sulawesi Research Study Area: Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University (USA); Bogor Agricultural University (Indonesia); Vietnam Research Study Area: University of East Anglia (UK), CERED (Vietnam); Hong Kong Research Study Area: World Wide Fund for Nature and University of Hong Kong (Hong Kong); Thailand Research Study Area: University of York (UK), Institute of Social and Economic Policy (Thailand), Kasetsart University (Thailand); Gabon Research Study Area: World Wildlife Fund (Gabon), Universite Laval (Canada), Cornell University (USA)

, List of acronyms on p. 75. 2 All programs receive funding from ICLARM's unrestricted core funds.

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 29 TITLE DURATION DONORS1,2 COLLABORATING INSTITUTIONSl Fisheries Resources Assessment and Management Program

Caribbean Marine Protected Jan 1996 - Dec 1999 IDB (Jamaica Center for Marine Sciences, University of the West Areas Project: The Role of component); UK DfID Indies, Kingston, Jamaica; Conservation and Fisheries Marine Protected Areas in (BVI component) Department,Tortola, BVI Fisheries Management and Biodiversity Conservation in Coral Reef Ecosystems

Tropical Fish Stock Assessment Indefinite ICLARM unrestricted Predominantly in-house, with informal linkages with funds various research institutions

Modeling of Multispecies Continuous since DANIDA; ICLARM NSC, Fisheries Centre, UBC, Canada; Danish Institute Fisheries Feb 1990 unrestricted funds for Fisheries Research, Denmark

Regional Technical Assistance 1998 - 2000 ADB Developing member-countries of ADB; Bangladesh: on Sustainable Management DOF, FRI; India: CMFRI; Indonesia: Directorate of Coastal Fish Stocks in General of Fisheries, Central Research Institute Tropical Asia for Fisheries; Malaysia: DOF, FRI; Philippines: BFAR, UPV; Sri Lanka: Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Development, National Aquatic Resources Agency; Thailand: DOF, Southern Marine Fisheries Development Center; Vietnam: MOF, Research Institute of Marine Products

Testing the Use of Marine Oct 1994 - Feb 1999 ACIAR GBRMPA; MAF Solomon Islands; Solomon Islands Protected Areas to Manage Ministry of Forests, Environment and Conservation; Fisheries for Tropical TNC Coral Reef Invertebrates - Arnavon Islands

Policy Research and Impact Assessment Program

Ecological Economics for Sustainable Use of Aquatic Resources Fisheries Co-management Apr 1994 - Mar DANIDA Denmark: North Sea Centre, Hirtshals; Vietnam Project 1999 MOF, National Center for Social Sciences Cantho University; Thailand: DOF, Kasetsart University, Prince of Songkla University; Malaysia: Universiti Pertanian Malaysia; Indonesia: Research Institute for Marine Fisheries, Directorate General of Fisheries, Indonesian Fisheries Socioeconomic Research Network, Universitas Pattimura Ambon, Yayasan Hualopu; Philippines: SEAFDEC - AQD, UP-College of Public Administration, DENR, Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization - Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture, Tambuyog Development Center, UPV, Haribon Foundation, Palawan Council for Sustainable

, List of acronyms on p. 75. , All programs receive funding from ICLARM's unrestricted core funds.

30 lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 TITLE DURATION DONORSt ,2 COLLABORATING INSTITUTIONS!

Development; Mozambique: Institute for Develop ment of Small-scale Fisheries; Zimbabwe: Center for Applied Social Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Lake Kariba Fisheries Research Institute; Malawi: Fisheries Department, Chancellor College; West Africa: Programme for Integrated Development of Artisana1 Fisheries; Zambia: DOF; South Africa: University of Cape Town, Sea Fisheries Research Institute; Carib­ bean:Caribbean Community Fisheries Resources Assessment and Management Program

Valuation of Coral Reef Jan 1997 - Dec 1998 ICLARM unrestricted UPV (Social Sciences Department, Biological Sciences Systems - Case Studies of funds Department) Philippine Coral Reefs

Policy Research on User-based Jul1995 - Jun 1998 Ford Foundation Bangladesh: DOF, Caritas, Proshika Manobik Unnayan Management: The Case of Kendra, BRAC, Banchte Shekha, CRED Inland Openwater Fisheries of Bangladesh

Legal and Institutional Analysis Oct 1996 - Sep 1998 SIDA USA: WRI; Thailand: Coastal Resources Institute, of Coastal Resources Co-manage- Prince of Songkla University; Bangladesh: Bangladesh ment Environmental Lawyers Association; Philippines: DENR; Vietnam: Continental Shelf Committee, Canada Ocean Policy Project; Indonesia: Office of the State Ministry for Environment; Cambodia: Wetlands International.

Performance and Evaluation Nov 1996 - Oct 1998 DGIS; IDRC Component 1 - Yayasan Hualopu, Ambon Indonesia; of Fisheries Co-management Universitas Pattimura Ambon, Indonesia; Component in Indonesia and the Philippines 2 - Center for West Visayan Studies, Panay, Philippines.

An Institutional Analysis of Jul1997 - Dec 1998 IDRC Universitas Pattimura Ambon, Yayasan in Hualopu, the Sasi Laut System, Maluku Indonesia Province, Indonesia

Institutional Capacity Building Jan 1997 - Dec 1999 Ford Foundation Bangladesh: DOF, Caritas, Proshika Manobik for Community-based Fisheries Unnayan Kendra, BRAC, Banchte Shekha; Management in Bangladesh CRED, CNRS; Philippines: Tambuyog Development Center (TDC)

Impact of Aquatic Resources Research: Methods and Assess­ ment

Impact of Giant Clam Produc- 1997 - 1998 ICLARM unrestricted DARE, UNE tivity Enhancement funds Research

'Listofacronymsonp.75. 2 All programs receive funding from ICLARM's unrestricted core funds.

lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 31 TITLE DURATION DONORSl,2 COLLABORATING INSTITUTIONS I

Socioeconomic Impact ofFish Jul 1996 - Jun 1998 IFAD Bangladesh DOF Culture Extension on the . Farming Systems of Bangladesh, Phase 2

Policy Analysis of the Con­ tribution of Fisheries to Food Security

Socioeconomic Component Sep 1994 - Dec 1997 FCRIIHAKI Faculty of Fisheries, CTU; AFSSRN; of the Project Support Streng- SEAFDEC thening the Institutional Capacity for Sustainable Aqua- culture Development in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam

Bangus Fry Resource Assess­ Mar 1996 - Mar 1998 BFAR, PCAMRD BFAR, PCAMRD, SEAFDEC-AQD ment Project

International Consultation on 1997 - 1998 DANIDA IFPRI; IFM, NSC; Royal Veterinary and Agricultural Fisheries Policy Research in University, Denmark Developing Countries: Issues, Priorities and Needs

Database for the Assessment of 1997-2000 ICLARM unrestricted FAO; INFOFISH; NACA; others Developing Country Fisheries funds to be identified

Mekong River Basin Research May 1998 - Oct 1999 OxFam America CTU; IIRR; IDA and Capacity-Building Initiative (Assessment of the Contribu- tion of Aquatic Resources Research in the Mekong River Basin to Food and Nutritional Security of the Fishing and Farming Population)

Information and Training Program

Information Dissemination Ongoing ICLARM unrestricted Various external authors contributing manuscripts; of ICLARM's Research and and project funds a few authors on commission; external reviewers Related Activities (Publications and Translations Units)

Information Services Ongoing ICLARM unrestricted Exchange agreements with 146 librarylinstitutions funds (Library and Infor- (89 in developing countries and 57 in developed mati on Services Unit) countries)

Public Awareness Ongoing ICLARM unrestricted EPCOT - Walt Disney World, IFAD, CGIAR Gender and project funds Program, The Economist, The Guardian, AFS, UPV, Future Harvest

, List of acronyms on p. 75. 2 All programs receive funding from ICLARM's unrestricted core funds.

32 ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 TITLE DURATION DONORS1,2 COLLABORATING INSTITUTIONSl

International Partnerships and Networks Program

International Partnerships Continuous since ICLARM unrestricted National, regional and international research institu­ 1996 funds tions

International Network on Continuous since ICLARM unrestricted Bangladesh: Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh; Genetics in Aquaculture Aug 1993 funds; Norway; IDRC China: Department of Aquaculture, Shanghai Fisheries University, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre, Wuxi; Cote d'Ivoire: Centre National de Recherche Agrono­ mique Pisciculture Station, Bouake; Egypt: Central Labo­ ratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa; Fiji: Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Suva; Ghana: Water Research Institute, Accra; India: Central Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar; Indonesia: Research Institute for Freshwater Fisheries, JawaBarat; Malawi: University of Malawi, Zomba, Fish­ eries Department, Lilongwe; Malaysia: Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur; Philippines: Bureau of Fisher­ ies and Aquatic Resources, Quezon City, Freshwater Aquaculture Centre/CLSU, Nueva Ecija; Thailand: National Aquaculture Genetics Research Institute, Pathumuthani; Vietnam: Research Institute for Aqua­ culture No.1, Ha Bac, and Research Institute for Aqua­ culture No.2, Ho Chi Minh City

Advanced Scientific Institutions: Australia: Queensland University of Technology; Hungary: Fish Culture Research Institute; Israel: Agricultural Research Organization; Japan: National Research Institute of Aquaculture; Norway: Institute of Aquaculture Research, Ltd.; Philippines: Southeast Asian Fisheries Develop­ ment Center, Aquaculture Department; Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; The Netherlands: Wageningen Agricultural University; UK: University of Stirling, University of Wales Swansea; USA: Auburn University

Asian Fisheries Social Science Continuous ICLARM unrestricted Indonesia: Faculty of Economics, Universitas Research Network funds; AFS Diponegoro Central Research Institute for Fisheries, Research Institute for Marine Fisheries; Malaysia: Faculty of Economics and Administration, Universiti Malaya CUM), Natural Resource Economics Depart­ ment, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia; Philippines: BFAR, FAC-CLSU, Economics Section, Research Division, SEAFDEC-AQD, Department of Agricul­ tural Economics, College of Economics and Manage­ ment, UPLB, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, UPV; Thailand: Fisheries Economics Research Subdivision, DOF, Department of Agricultural and Resource Eco­ nomics, Faculty of Economics and Business Adminis­ tration, Kasetsart University, Coastal Resources Institute, Prince of Songkia University; Vietnam - Ministry of Fisheries, Cantho University

1 List of acronyms on p. 75. 2 All programs receive funding from ICLARM's unrestricted core funds. lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 33 TITLE DURATION DONORSl,2 COLLABORATING INSTITUTIONS I

Information Network: Continuous since FAO; ICLARM NTFS; FAO; DANIDA Network of Tropical Apr 1982 (formerly unrestricted funds Aquaculture and Fisheries NTFS) and Jul 1987 Professionals (NT AFP) (formerly NT AS)

, List of acronyms on p. 75. Z All programs receive funding from ICLARM's unrestricted core funds.

34 lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 tracking of oil spills. Naga, publiShed worMS ICLARM Q. 21(1):41-43. Gupta, M.Y., JD. Sollows, M.A. Mazid, A. Rahman, M.G. Hus­ sain and M. Dey. Integrating Published by ICLARM aquaculture with rice farming in Bangladesh: feasibility and Brummett, R.E. Making experi­ economic viability, its adoption ment station results more useful and impact. ICLARM Tech. to African fish farmers. Naga, Rep. 55,90 p. ICLARM Q. 21(2):19-24. ICLARM 1998 operational Dalsgaard, JP.T. and R Oficial. plan. 153 p. Modeling and analyzing the agroecological performance of ICLARM annual report 1997. 92 p. farms with Ecopath. ICLARM Katon, B.M., R.S. Pomeroy, M. Tech. Rep. 53, 54 p. Ring and L.R Garces. Man­ Ecopath with Ecosim: software for grove rehabilitation and coastal the analysis and management of resource management: a case ment and transaction costs. aquatic ecosystems (brochure). study of Cogtong Bay, Naga, ICLARM Q. 21(3):40-42. Philippines. Naga, ICLARM Q. Naga, the ICLARM Quarterly. FishBase (French version) 21 (2):46-52. (brochure). July-December 1997. Vol. 20, McManus, J W Marine reserves Nos. 3 and 4. 150 p. Froese, R. and D. Pauly, Editors. and biodiversity: toward 20% by Naga, the ICLARM Quarterly. FishBase 98: concepts, design 2020, p. 25-29. In J McManus, January-March 1998. Vol. 21, and data sources. 293 p. + C. van Zwol, L. Garces and D. No. 1. 93 p. 2 CD-ROMs. Sadacharan (eds.) A framework Garces, L. Training needs and for future training in marine and Naga, the ICLARM Quarterly. existing capacities in marine and coastal protected area manage­ April-June 1998. Vol. 21, No.2. coastal protected area manage­ ment. ICLARM Conf. Proc. 57. 87p. ment: synthesis of question­ McManus, JW and S.G. Vergara, Naga, the ICLARM Quarterly. naires, p. 14-17. In J McManus, Editors. ReefBase: a global July-September 1998. Vol. 21, C. van Zwol, L. Garces and database on coral reefs and their NO.3. 67 p. D. Sadacharan (eds.) A frame­ resources, version 3.0. User's Naga, the ICLARM Quarterly. work for future training in guide. 140 p. + CD-ROM. marine and coastal protected October-December 1998. area management. ICLARM McManus, JW, C. van Zwol, Vol. 21, No.4. 75 p. Conf. Proc. 57. L. Garces and D. Sadacharan, Naga, the ICLARM Quarterly. Editors. A framework for future Gayanilo, F.c., Jr., G.T. Silvestre January-March 1999. Vol. 22, training in marine and coastal No. 1. 75 p. and D. Pauly. A low-level geo­ protected area management. graphic information system for ICLARM Conf. Proc. 57, 54 p. Pomeroy, R.S. A process for coastal zone management, with community-based fisheries co­ applications to Brunei Darus­ Mustapha, N., K. Kuperan and RS. management. Naga, ICLARM salam, Part III: simulation and Pomeroy. Fisheries co-manage- Q. 21(1):71-76.

lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 35 Reefbase 3.0 (brochure). Ahmed, M. and N. Shams. Ecolo­ of the blacklip pearl oyster, gical input-costs in agricultural Research highlights (taken from Pinctada margan'tifera, from "open" production in Northwest ICLARM Annual Report 1997). reef systems in Solomon Islands. (English, French and Arabic Kampuchea. J. Sustain. Agric. Aquaculture 167(3-4):283-299. 12(4):5-23. versions). Froese, R. Insulating properties of Ahmed, M., M.A. Rab and M.P. Sustainable management of coastal styrofoam boxes used for trans­ fish stocks in Asia (brochure). Bimbao. Sustainable aquaculture porting live fish. Aquaculture in small waterbodies: experi­ 159(3-4):283-292. Williams, M.J., Editor. A roadmap ences from Bangladesh, p. 391- Froese, R. Length-weight relation­ for the future for fisheries and 402. In J.A. Mathias, A.T ships for 18 less-studied fish conservation. ICLARM Conf. Charles and H. Baotong (eds.) species. J. App!. Ichthyo!. 14 Proc. 56, 58 p. Integrated fish farming: proceed­ (1-2):117-118. Williams, M.J. Future paths for ings of a Workshop on Integrated fisheries and conservation, Fish Farming, Wuxi, Jiangsu Hart, A.M., J.D. Bell and TP. p. 2-12. In M.J. Williams (ed.) Province, People's Republic of Foyle. Growth and survival of A roadmap for the future for China, 11-15 October 1994. the giant clams Tridacna derasa, T fisheries and conservation. CRC Press, Boca Raton. maxima and T crocea at village farms in the Solomon Islands. ICLARM Conf. Proc. 56. Battaglene, S.c. and J.E. Seymour. Aquaculture 165(3-4):203-220. Detachment and grading of the tropical sea cucumber sandfish, Howlander, M.K., M. Ahmed, Published Outside ICLARM Holothuria scabra, juveniles from M.H. Rahman and M.F. Alam. Refereed settlement substrates. Aquacul­ The economics of integrated ture 159(3-4):263-274. agriculture-aquaculture (IlA) in Ahmed, M. Book review: Japan's some selected areas of Bang­ beef industry: economics and Bryant, D., L. Burke, J. McManus ladesh, p. 131-136. In J.A. and M. Spalding, Editors. Reefs technology for the year 2000 by Mathias, A.T Charles and H. James et al. CAB International at risk: a map based indicator of Baotong (eds.) Integrated fish and Biddies Ltd., Guildford, potential threats to the world's farming: proceedings of a Work­ UK. coral reefs. A joint publication shop on Integrated Fish Farming by the World Resources Institute held in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, (WRI)/ICLARM/World Con­ People's Republic of China, servation Monitoring Centre 11-15 October 1994. CRC Press, (WCMC) and UNEP, 60 p. Boca Raton. Christensen, V. Fishery induced McManus, J. and M. Noordeloos. changes in a marine ecosystem: Toward a Global Inventory of insights from models of the Gulf Coral Reefs (GICOR): remote of Thailand. J. Fish BioI. 53 sensing, international coopera­ (Supplement A): 128-142. tion and ReefBase, p. 183-189. In Christensen, V. and D. Pauly. Proceedings of the Fifth Interna­ Changes in models of aquatic tional Conference on Remote ecosystems approaching carrying Sensing for Marine and Coastal capacity. Eco!. App!. 8(1):104-109. Environments, San Diego, California, 5-7 October 1998. Friedman, K.J., J.D. Bell and G. Erim International Inc., USA. Tiroba. Availability of wild spat

3b ICL;\RM ;\NNlIAI REPl'RI IggS McManus, 1 W ReefBase: status Pollnac, Rand M. Gorospe. Aspects and plans, p. 131-138. In M. of the human ecology of the coral Hatziolos, A. Hooten and M. reefs of Atulayan Bay In R Pollnac Fodor (eds.) Coral reefs: chal­ (ed.) Rapid assessment of manage­ lenges and opportunities for ment parameters for coral reefs. sustainable management. Coast. Manage. Rep. No. 2205. Proceedings of an associated Coastal Resources Center. event of the Fifth Annual World Pullin, R.S.V., M.J. Williams and Bank Conference on Environ­ R. Mendelssohn, C. Roy, A. N. Preston. Domestication of mentally and Socially Sustain­ Bakun and D. Pauly (eds.) Global crustaceans. Asian Fish. Sci. able Development for Sustain­ vs.local changes in upwelling 11(1):59-69. able Managements. 230 p. (co­ ecosystems. Proceedings of the sponsored by ICLARM) Ruddle, K. and M. Prein. Assessing First CEOS Symposium, 5-9 the potential nutritional and September 1994, Monterey, Mustapha, N., K. Kuperan and household economic benefits of California. ORSTOM, Paris. R.S. Pomeroy. Transaction costs developing integrated farming and fisheries co-management. Mercier, A. and l-F. Hamel. Giant systems, p. 111-121. In lA. Mar. Resour. Econ. 13(2):103-114. clams and their secret allies, p. Mathias, A.T. Charles and H. 128-135. Aqualife, March. Naylor, R.L., R.J. Goldburg, H. Baotong (edS.) Integrated fish Mooney, M. Beveridge, J. Clay, farming: proceedings of a Mercier, A.and l-F. Hamel. C. Folke, N. Kautsky, 1 Lub­ Workshop on Integrated Fish Madrepores et benitiers des iles chenco, J. Primavera and M. Farming, Wuxi, Jiangsu Prov­ Salomon. Recifal, April. Williams. Nature's subsidies to ince, People's Republic of Mercier, A. and l-F. Hamel. Money shrimp and salmon farming. China, 11-15 October 1994. from the sea, p. 16-17. Islands Nature 282(5390):883-884. CRC Press, Boca Raton. Bus. March. Pauly, D., R. Froese and V. Mercier, A. and l-F. Hamel. Ocean Christensen. How pervasive is Nonrefereed treasures. Scuba World, May. "Fishing down marine food webs": response. Science Ahmed, M., H. Navy, L. Vuthy and Mercier, A. and l-F. Hamel. Pearls 282(5393): 1383. M. Tiongco. Socioeconomic in the making, p. 16-17. Islands assessment of freshwater capture Bus. April. Pauly, D., A.W. Trites, E. Capuli fisheries of Cambodia: report on Pauly, D., 1 Saeger and M. Prein. and V. Christensen. Diet compo­ a household survey Mekong Malthus und die Kiistenfischerei sition and trophic levels of River Commission, Phnom marine mammals. ICES 1 Mar. der Tropen: eine philippinische Penh, Cambodia. 186 p. Sci. 55(3):467-481. Fallstudie. Entwickl. La.ndlicher Friedman, K.J. Black pearl farming Raum 32(2): 17-20. Pauly, D., V. Christensen, 1 in the Pacific: the open reef Dalsgaard, R. Froese and F. Pomeroy, RS. Institutional analy­ systems of Solomon Islands. Torres, Jr. Fishing down marine sis, p. 119-130. In International Austasia Aquacult. Mag. 12:3-9. food webs. Science 279(5352): Institute for Rural Reconstruc­ 860-863. Jarre-Teichmann, A. and V. tion (IIRR). Participatory Christensen. Comparative methods in community-based Pollnac, R Rapid assessment of modelling of trophic flows in coastal resource management. management parameters for coral four large upwelling ecosystems: Vol. 3. Tools and methods. reefs. Coast. Manage. Rep. No. global vs. local effects, p. 423- IIRR. Cavite, Silang, Philippines. 2205, p. Coastal Resources Center. 443. In M.H. Durand, P. Cury,

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORf 1998 37 Thompson, PM. and M.M. in Lake Nasser. Aswan, Egypt, Cooperation. Lisbon, Portugal, Hossain. Social and distributional 19-25 June. 3-5 September. issues in open water fisheries Ahmed, M. and R.A.V Santos. management in Bangladesh, p. Bartley, D.M. and R.S.V Pullin. Integrated coastal zone manage­ 351-370. In T. Peter (ed.) Inland Aquatic genetic resources policy. ment (ICZM) research at fishery enhancements. FAa Fish. Conference Towards Policies for ICLARM - a multidisciplinary Tech. Pap. No. 374. Conservation and Sustainable approach. Workshop on Integrated Use of Aquatic Genetic Resources. Williams, M.1. Do fisheries and Coastal Zone Management and Bellagio, Como, Italy, 15-17 April. marine protected areas need each Non-living Marine Resources Battaglene, S. C. Can hatcheries other? Parks (ruCN) 8(2):47-53. Development. Economic Com­ produce juvenile tropical sea mission for Asia and the Pacific. Williams, M.1. Ecology and develop­ cucumbers for restoration and Bangkok, Thailand, 9-11 ment -aquatic resource research at enhancement of wild stocks? September. ICLARM. AWlS Mag. 27(2):6-9. Twenty-fifth Annual Confer­ Ahmed, M. and R.A.V Santos. ence, Australian Society for Fish Policy research in fisheries: the Biology. Hobart, Australia, papers presented Hirtshals Consultation. Ninth 26-27 September. Biennial Conference of the Inter­ Battaglene, S. Sea cucumber mari­ Ablan-Lagman, M. Genetic markers national Institute of Fisheries culture. Second Pacific Commu­ in aquaculture and fisheries Economics and Trade. Tmmso, nity Fisheries Management Work­ management. Seminar on Genet­ Norway, 9-14 July. ics Techniques for Aquaculture shop. Noumea, New Caledonia, and Fisheries Management. Uni­ Ahmed, M., M. Dey and M.1. 12-16 October. Williams. Assessment of impact versiti Malaya, Sabah, 5-11 March. Battaglene, S., 1.E. Seymour and of aquatic resources research by C. Ramofafia. Survival and growth Ablan-Lagman, M. Regulating access ICLARM: scope and method­ of cultured juvenile sea cucum­ to biological and genetic resources: ologies (poster paper). Assessing bers, Holothuria scabra (poster). EO No. 247 and the Philippine Impact in Natural Resource Third International Larval experience. ICLARM Science Management Research. ICRAF, Biology Meeting. Melbourne, Day. 29 October. Nairobi, Kenya, 27-29 April. Australia, 13-16 January. Ablan-Lagman, M., 1. McManus, Ahmed, M., H. Navy, L. Vuthuy Bell, 1.0. Stock enhancement of K. Tsao, 1. Bell, A. Cabanban, and R.A.V Santos. Fish con­ tropical inshore species. FAa V Tuan and 1. Wenno. Genetic sumption pattern in major Regional Workshop on Eco­ markers as essential tools in the freshwater fisheries provinces of nomic Strengthening of Fisheries regional management of coral Cambodia - results of a house­ Industries in Small Island Devel­ reefs: an initiative from the South hold survey. Fifth Asian Fisher­ oping States in the South Pacific. China Sea. International Work­ ies Society Forum. Chiang Mai, Apia, Samoa, 14-18 September. shop on Marine Genetics. Rio de Thailand, 11-14 November. Janeno, Brazil, 21-25 September. Bell, 1.0. The Coastal Aquaculture Bartley, o.M. and C.M.V Casal. and Stock Enhancement Pro­ Ahmed, M. Socioeconomic and Impacts of introductions on the gram at the ICLARM Coastal policy issues in the management conservation and sustainable use Aquaculture Centre. Second of fisheries in Lake Nasser, Egypt. of aquatic biodiversity. Confer­ Pacific Community Fisheries Workshop on the Ecological ence on Sustainable Use ofAquatic Management Workshop. N oumea, Basis and Management Policy Biodiversity: Data, Tools and for Sustainable Fish Production New Caledonia, 12-16 October.

38 ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT \998 Brummett, R.E. A simple index for reefs and reef fish abundance in NIAS, Isabela, Philippines, 16- the selection of indigenous fish San Salvador Island marine 18 September. species for aquaculture. Fisheries sanctuary, Philippines. Fifth Asian Katon, B.M. The marine sanctuary Society of Africa. Grahamstown, Fisheries Forum. Chiang Mai, experience of San Salvador South Africa, 14-18 September. Thailand, 11-14 November. Island, Philippines. Policy Brummett, R.E. and F.J.K. Gupta, M. Y., J.o. Sollows, M.A Forum on Limiting Resource Chikafumbwa. An incremental, Mazid, A. Rahman, M.G. Access to Marine and Coastal farmer-participatory approach to Hussain and M.M. Dey. Can Resources. Dumaguete City, the development of aquaculture integration of aquaculture with N egros Oriental, Philippines, technology in Malawi. Associa­ rice farming benefit small 29-30 April. tion for Farming Systems Re­ farmers? Fifth Asian Fisheries Lachica. L. Q. Experimental trawl search and Extension. Pretoria, Forum. Chiang Mai, Thailand, survey catches: initial evidence South Africa, 30 November - 11-14 November. of differential fishing intensities? 4 December. Harkes, I. Institutional resilience of Fifth Asian Fisheries Forum. Dey, M.M., L.Yong, P'Regaspi, sasi taut. a traditional manage­ Chiang Mai, Thailand, AH.M. Kohinoor, o.K. Chung, ment system in Maluku, Indone­ 11-14 November. N. Pongthana, G. Bimbao and sia. Co-management of Natural McManus, J. Analytical frame­ M.Y. Gupta. Socioeconomic status Resources in Asia: a Compara­ work for the population­ of tilapia farming in Asia: a cross tive Advantage. International consumption-environment country comparison. Fifth Asian Institute for Asian Studies/Nordic analysis: a reaction paper. First Fisheries Forum. Chiang Mai, Institute for Asian Studies (lIAS I Population Consumption and Thailand, 11-14 November. NIAS), Isabela, Philippines, 16- 18 September. Environment Grantees Meeting. Froese, R. Biodiversity: concepts, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 4-6 April. data and preliminary results. Harkes, I. Project success: different McManus, J. International Coral Conference on Sustainable Use perspectives. Participatory Reef Action Network (ICRAN): of Aquatic Biodiversity: Data, Natural Resource Management a proposal. UNEP-First Inter­ Tools and Cooperation. Lisbon, in Developing Countries. Regional Seas Programme Portugal, 3-5 September. Mansfield College, Oxford, United Kingdom, 6-8 April. Consultation. The Hague, The Froese, R. and A. Torres. Fishes Netherlands, 24-25 June. under threat: an analysis of the Hossain, M.M., S.A Rahman and McManus, J. ReefBase and the fishes in the 1996 IUCN Redlist. P.M. Thompson. Building Global Inventory of Coral Reefs Conference Towards Policies for government-non-government (GICOR). International Tropical Conservation and Sustainable organization-fisher partnerships Marine Ecosystems Manage­ Use ofAquatic Genetic Resources. for fisheries management in ment Symposium (ICRI '98). Bellagio, Como, Italy, 15-17 April. Bangladesh. Crossing Boundaries - Seventh International Associa­ Townsville, Australia, Garces, L.R. Exploitation of tion for the Study of Common 23-26 November. demersal stocks in four coastal Property. Vancouver, British McManus, J. and S. Vergara. fishing areas in the Philippines. Columbia, Canada, 10-14 June. ReefBase 3.0 and the ReefBase Fifth Asian Fisheries Forum. Aquanaut System. Workshop on Chiang Mai, Thailand, Katon, B.M. Key conditions and a Coral Reef Monitoring 11-14 November. principles drawn from Asian experiences. Co-management of Program for Hawaii. East-West Garces, L.R. and I.P. Dones. Natural Resources in Asia: a Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, Assessment of the status of coral Comparative Advantage. IIASI 9-11 June.

[CLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 39 Munro, J. Outmigration and Pullin, R.S.V, C.M.V Casal and International Workshop on movement ottagged coral reef R. Brummett. Fish genetic Research Partnership between fish in a marine fishery reserve resources of Africa. Conference NGOs and Agricultural Research in Jamaica. Fifty-first Annual on African Fish and Fisheries: Institutions. International Institute Meeting of the Gulfand Carib­ Biodiversity and Utilization. of Rural Reconstruction, Cavite, bean Fisheries Institute. Grahamstown, South Africa, Philippines, 4-10 October. St. Croix, US Virgin Islands, 13 -1 9 September. 8-14 November. Thompson, PM. and M.M. Hossain. Santos, R.A.V Networking: the Establishing community based Munro, J.L. and M. Watson. ICLARM experience. Fifth management of inland fisheries: Comparative settlement and Biennial Meeting of the Interna­ lessons from Bangladesh. Fifth recruitment rates of coral reef tional Society for Ecological Asian Fisheries Forum. Chiang fishes in moderately-exploited Economics (Beyond Growth: Mai, Thailand, 11-14 November. and over-exploited Caribbean Policies and Institutions for Thompson, PM., M.N. Islam and coral reef ecosystems. Interna­ Sustainability). Santiago, Chile, M.M. Kadir. Impacts of govern­ tional Society for Reef Studies 15-19 November. European Meeting. Perpignan, ment-NGO initiatives in commu­ France, 1-4 September. Silvestre, G.T Sustainable manage­ nity based fisheries management ment of coastal fish stocks in in Bangladesh. Crossing Bound­ Pomeroy, R.S., B.M. Katon and Asia: a regional collaborative aries - Seventh International 1. Harkes. Key conditions and project to assess resource status Association for the Study of Com­ principles for successful co­ and strategic management direc­ mon Property. Vancouver, British management in Asia. Crossing tion. Fifth Asian Fisheries Forum. Columbia, Canada, 10-14 June. Boundaries - Seventh Interna­ Chiang Mai, Thailand, 11-14 Torell, M. Institutional, legal and tional Association for the Study November. of Common Property. policy perspectives on the manage­ Subade, R., WL. Campos, M. Vancouver, British Columbia, ment of aquatic resources (espe­ Ahmed and R.A.V Santos. Eco­ Canada, 10-14 June. ciall y fish) and the aquatic environ­ nomic and biological consider­ ment in wetlands, floodplains, Pullin, R.S.V Developing policies ations in valuation of a tropical lakes and rivers in the Mekong for aquatic biodiversity. Confer­ coral reef area in Guimaras, River Basin. Crossing Boundaries ence on Sustainable Use of Philippines. Fifth Biennial Meeting -Seventh International Associa­ Aquatic Biodiversity: Data, of the International Society for tion for the Study of Common Tools and Cooperation. Lisbon, Ecological Economics (Beyond Property. Vancouver, British Portugal, 3-5 September. Growth: Policies and Institu­ Columbia, Canada, 10-14 June. tions for Sustainability). Santiago, Prein, M., R. Oficial, M. Bimbao Tripathi, S.D. and D. Mazumder. Chile, 15-19 November. and T. Lopez. Aquaculture for Use of weeds / grasses for high diversification of small farms Sultana, P Fishing and fish con­ value fish production - a low­ within forest buffer zone sumption in a culture based beel cost aquaCUlture system for the management: an example from fishery in Bangladesh. Fifth Asian resource-poor in Bangladesh. the uplands of Quirino Province, Fisheries Forum. Chiang Mai, Triennial Meeting of World Philippines. Fifth Asian Fisher­ Thailand, 11-14 November. Aquaculture Society. National ies Forum: International Confer­ Shellfisheries Association, Fish Thompson, P.M. and A.B. Shelly. ence on Fisheries and Food Culture Section - American ICLARM-NGO partnerships in Security Beyond the Year 2000. Fisheries Society. Las Vegas, research and community based Chiang Mai, Thailand, 11-14 USA, 15-19 February. fishery management in Bangladesh. November.

40 ICLARM ANNUAl REPORI 1998 Vergara, S.G. Decision determi­ Williams, M.J. and J. Kane-Potaka. Ninth National Course on Inte­ nants at the population level: Playing world dominoes - how grated Coastal Management. S. leads for coastal management. can the aquaculture industry Vergara, L. Garces and AB. Convention ofIntegrated Coastal benefit by heeding the needs of Serrano. 27 participants from Management Practitioners in the the poor? Aquavision Conference. middle level staff of the DENR, Philippines. Davao City, Philip­ Stavanger, Norway, 13-15 May. DA-FSP, academic institutIons, pines, 10-12 November. NGOs, LGUs and the Philip­ Williams, M.J. and M.AP. pine Navy. Zamboanga State Vergara, S.G. The Aquanaut method: Bimbao. Aquaculture: the last College of Marine Science and a comparison with the Atlantic frontier for sustainable food Technology, Zamboanga City, and Gulf Reef Assessment security? Dean D.K. Villaluz Philippines, 16-27 February. (AGRA) method. Atlantic and Memorial Lecture, Twenty-fifth Gulf Reef Assessment Work­ Anniversary ofSEAFDEC Population Genetics Techniques. shop. Miami, Florida, 2-6 June. Aquaculture Department. M. Ablan-Lagman. Laboratory Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines, 8 methods and data analysis of Vergara, S.G. The Aquanaut July. information from electrophore­ method. Global Coral Reef sis data and their application to Monitoring Network (GCRMN) aquaCUlture and fisheries Methodology Workshop. management. 14 participants. Orpheus Island, Australia, Training PISCES Laboratory, ICLARM, 27-30 November. Agroecosystem Mapping and Manila, Philippines, 8-26 June. Watson, M. and J.L. Munro. Analysis. R.A V Santos and Regional Training/Workshop on Maximizing settlement success Z.N. Alojado. 10 participants Fisheries Resources Information in depleted marine reserves. from Can Tho University, System and Tools (FiRST). G. Mote International Symposium Vietnam. Can Tho University, Silvestre, F. Gayanilo, Jr., F. on Essential Fish Habitat and Vietnam, 28 July - 1 August. Valdez and L. Garces. Penang, Marine Reserves. Sarasota, Fisheries Co-management Research Malaysia, 20-24 October. Florida, USA, 4-6 November. Project. Access Database and Regional Training/Workshop on Williams, M.J. Policy integration Statistical Methods Training. Fisheries Socioeconomics and in oceans management: are we M. Gamo-Magtalas and E.L. Management Policy /Planning. advancing? Keynote address. Genio. 8 participants from the G. Silvestre, F. Gayanilo, Jr., E. Second London Oceans Confer­ Ministry of Fisheries, Vietnam. Cabegin, L. Garces, R. ence. London, 10-12 December. Ministry of Fisheries, Hanoi, Pomeroy, M. Toren and M. Vietnam, 21-28 September. Williams, M.J. Portunids on Ahmed. Hat Yai, Thailand, postage stamps (poster). Interna­ Improved fish culture. 34-40 23 November - 1 December. tional Conference on Culture of participants. Gopalganj and Jessore, Regional Training/Workshop on Portunid Crabs. Boracay, Bangladesh, various dates in June. Methods for Analysis of Fisher­ Philippines, 1-5 December. Improved fish culture practices. ies Resources. G. Silvestre, F. Williams, M.J. and J.H. 20-97 participants. Various Gayanilo, Jr., F. Torres, Jr., L. Primavera. Choosing portunid locations and dates in Bangladesh. Garces, V Christensen, L. Lachica species to domesticate. Interna­ Integrated fish farming. 25 partici­ and K. Santos. Hat Yai, Thailand, tional Conference on Culture of pants. Mymensingh, Bangladesh, 27 October - 6 November. Portunid Crabs. Boracay, 23-25 June. Rice-fish farming. 27 participants. Philippines, 1-5 December. Myrnensingh, Bangladesh, 20 April.

lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 41 Summer Internship on Communi­ coordination with the Global and Iranian Fisheries Research cation Research Course: Coral Reef Monitoring Net­ and Training Organization. J.E ICLARM's Contributions work. S. Vergara, I. Uy, M. Craig. 30 participants. 26 Records. R.M. Temprosa and Gorospe, K. Reyes and L. February -5 March. H.B. Gonzalez. 1 participant. Menez. ICLARM, Manila, Advisory Committee on Popula­ ICLARM, Manila, Philippines, Philippines. 19 February - 3 March. 25 May - 5 June. tion, Consumption and Environ­ Training on Quantitative Genetics ment Initiative of the MacArthur Summer Internship on Communi­ and Its Application to Aquacul­ Foundation, USA. M.l. Williams cation Research Course: ICLARM's ture. M.V. Gupta, E.G. Acosta, (as Member). Chicago, USA, 16- Slide Captions and View Descrip­ R. Dunham, E Gagalac and 17 September. tions. R.M. Temprosa and N.I. AKVAFORSK. 22 participants. Advisory Services to Mr. Henning Jhocson. 2 participants. CIFA, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, Skov Hansen, a Danish graduate ICLARM, Manila, Philippines, India, 1-20 September. 4-22 and 25-29 May. student, on the effect of co­ Training on Socioeconomic management on fishers compli­ Technology Transfer on BIacklip Research Methods. E.L. Genio. ance with regulations. R. Pomeroy Pearl Oyster Growout (in col­ 12 participants from the WES­ and E.M. Katon. Philippines, 11 laboration with James Cook HAKI Project at Can Tho November - 17 December. University). K. Friedman. Par­ University. Can Tho University, Australian Ballast Water Manage­ ticipants from the Fisheries De­ Vietnam, 16-23 February. ment Advisory Committee. M.l. partment, Fiji, Suva, November. Training/Workshop on Fisheries Williams (as Chair). Australia, Training Course for ACP Countries Socioeconomics and Manage­ 6 May and 19 October. in Southern Africa. M. Vakily, ment/Policy /Planning. G. T. Board of the GIFT Foundation Inter­ R. Froese, M.L.D. Palomares, Silvestre, M. Ahmed, E.e.A. national, Inc. (Philippines). M.l. R. Reyes, e. Garilao, J.E Rius. Cabegin, L.R. Garces, Ee. Williams (as Chair). Several meet­ Swakopmund, Namibia, Gayanilo, Jr., M. Torell and R. ings. Manila and Munoz, 30 November - 11 December. Pomeroy. Hat Yai, Thailand, Philippines. 24 November - I December. Training Course for ACP Countries Committee Membership (as Asso­ in the Caribbean. M. Vakily, R. Training/Workshop on Methods ciate Adjunct Professor) for M.S. Froese, D. Pauly, M.L.D. Palo­ for Analysis of Fisheries Re­ thesis on freshwater capture fish­ mares, J. Falcon, A. Torres and sources. G. Silvestre, E Torres, eries of Cambodia. M. Ahmed. G.T. Pablico. Port of Spain, Trini­ Jr., L. Lachica, K. Santos, L.R. Supervision; joint authorship of dad and Tobago, 21 May - 3 June. Garces, V. Christensen, E e. scientific paper when thesis is Gayanilo, Jr. and L. Arenas. Hat Training Course on Placing Fisher­ completed. UP - Los Banos, Yai, Thailand, 27 October - 6 ies in Their Ecosystem Context. Philippines, year-round. November. V. Christensen. Puntarenas, Establishment of Giant Clam Hat­ Costa Rica, 1 April; Hirtshals, chery. e. Oengpepa, CAC staff. Denmark, 1 August; and Sao Participants from Paruru Aqua­ Paulo, Brazil, 30 November - 5 AdUisoru SeruiCeS culture. Marau Sound, Solomon December. A Scheme for a Comprehensive, Islands, ongoing since mid-1996. Training for Mr. V. Ramanathan (a Country-wide, Fisheries Re­ Evaluation of the Philippine programmer from India) on a search Planning Workshop, National Fish Stock Assessment framework for database setup in prepared by ICLARM and ISNAR Program of the Department of the South Asian region in with Shilat (Iranian Fisheries Co.)

42 ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 Agriculture - Bureau of Fisheries sistance with project manage­ ICLARM, Manila, Philippines, and Aquatic Resources (DA­ ment. ICLARM hosts the Manila 23-27 February. BFAR). F.e. Gayanilo, Jr. Iloilo, office of Species 2000, which RAMP Training. M. Gorospe. Use Philippines, 16-20 November. produced in 1998 the first and of the RAMP methodology in second prototypes of the Species Executive Committee Member­ the data collection in a study site 2000 CD-ROM. ship. International Institute for in Palawan. I participant. Fisheries Economics and Trade International Training Course on ICLARM, Manila, Philippines, (IIFET). M. Ahmed. Networking Extension in Rural Develop­ 18 April - 3 December. with professionals in the field; ment. M.A.P. Bimbao. Spon­ ReefBase Training. L Uy, L. Menez Scientific Steering Committee sored by the German Foundation and M. Gorospe. Developed a membership for 1998 IIFET for International Development ReefBase-compatible regional meeting; organized a panel on (DSE), in Feldafmg, Germany, coral reef database for South fisheries policy research. 12 February - 17 March. 26 Asia; trained 8 database participants from 18 countries in Expert Consultation on Guidelines programmers from 3 countries. Africa, Asia and Middle East. for Routine Capture Fishery ICLARM, Manila, Philippines, Data Collection Exercise of UN­ Marine Protected Areas. S. Vergara. 18 February - 11 March. Member Countries Leading to a Discussion on the management Regional Workshop. M. Torell (as Better Fish-Catch Statistics. FAa strategies in Guiuan, Samar. 1 National Project Advisor, Vietnam! and DANIDA. F. e. Gayanilo, participant. ICLARM, Manila, Continental Shelf Committee). Jr. Bangkok, Thailand, 19-29 Philippines, 22 June. Vietnam, January-August. May. Mini-workshop Trainings in Remote Sensing and National FAa High Level Panel of Experts Cambodia. M. Torell (as National Parks. M. N oordeloos and S. on Fisheries. M.J. Williams (as Project Advisor). 8 people Vergara. Current management status Chair). Rome, 25-26 January. trained, a national report and a of some national parks and the national workshop. Cambodia, Fisheries Department of Malawi. application of remote sensing in January-June. R.E. Brummett served as Aqua­ setting up national parks. 2 culture Advisor on policy issues National Study in Thailand! participants. ICLARM, Manila, relating to the development of rural CaRIN. M. Torell (as National Philippines, 14 July. aquaculture and on the possible Project Advisor). National report. Review of a Project of the Fish introduction of commercial Population Genetics Techniques. Culture Research Institute (FCRl), aquaculture systems. M. Ablan-Lagman. Laboratory Hungary, in Vietnam, funded by Fisheries Resources Commission, methods and data analysis of the Government of the Nether­ World Humanities Action Trust, information from electrophore­ lands. M.V Gupta (as Mission UK. M.J. Williams (as Member). sis data and their application to Leader). Brisbane, Australia, 16-18 October. aquaculture and fisheries manage­ Review of the Project West East ment. 4 participants. ICLARM, Follow-up of Southeast Asia Pro­ South Cooperative Program: Manila, Philippines, 8-26 June. grams. M. Torell (as Regional Strengthening the Institutional Advisor to SIDA). Continuous Practicum Training in Graphical Capacity for Sustainable Aqua­ reporting to Sweden. Design and Layout, and Data­ culture Development in the base Handling to 2 high school Southern Part of Vietnam, funded Global Species 2000 Project. R. students from the German School by the Government of Netherlands. Froese. Participation in Species Manila (DSM, Eurocampus). A. M. V Gupta (as Consultant! 2000 Team Meetings and as- Esquillon and A. Canuto. Mission Leader of the three-member

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 43 Review Mission fielded by FCRI from the Fisheries Department, Thailand, ION ovember. Hungary). Can Tho, Vietnam, 16 Fiji. Savu, Fiji, November. Assessing Impact in Natural November - 6 December. Tilapia Production Training Resource Management Research. Selecting the Best Publications (on Seminar: I CLARM-Community M. Ahmed. ICRAF, Nairobi, Aquaculture and Inland Fisher­ Forestry Project-Quirino (CFPQ) Kenya, 27-29 April. ies, and Marine Fisheries) for the Project. R. Oficia1 coordinated Assessing the Global Distribution Dr. Elvira Tan Memorial Award with the National Freshwater and Abundance of Marine Orga­ given by the Philippine Depart­ Fisheries Technology Research nisms, Ocean Studies Board, US ment of Science and Technology Center (NFFTRC) of the Philip­ National Academy of Sciences. V (DOST). M.V Gupta (as one of pine BFAR. Munoz, Nueva Christensen. Monterey, California, three judges). Los Banos, Laguna, Ecija, Philippines, 27-31 July. 8 13-15 January. Philippines, June. farmers from Quirino Province and 2 project staff participated. System-wide Information Network Bellagio Conference: Towards Policies for Conservation and for Genetic Resources. R.S.V Walt Disney World - Epcot's Fifth Sustainable Use of Aquatic Pullin and R. Froese. Consulta­ International Flower and Garden Genetic Resources. R.S.V tion on the CGIAR System-wide Festival. T.S. Lopez. Lake Buen­ Pullin, M. Gupta, R. Froese and Information Network for Genetic avista, Florida, USA, 17 April- C.M.V. Casal. Bellagio, Como, Resources. 9-14 November. 31 May. The festival featured the North. Italy, 15-17 April. Contributions on aquatic genetic six-week "Gardening for Food resources and related informa­ Around the World" Exhibit Biodiversity and Conservation tion systems and databases, and which included the activities of Genetics Studies on Coral Reefs. plans for SINGER Project Phase the World Bank, CGIAR in Africa, M. Ablan-Lagman. ICLARM, 2. Participated in by all IARCs Asia and Latin America and Rodale Manila, Philippines, 13 July. and their partners in genetic Institute in the USA. 12 scien­ Carp Hatchery and Other Culture resources information systems, tists from these institutes acted as Systems Training. R. Oficial and the Convention on Biological international communicators. T. 3 farmers in ICLARM-CFPQ Diversity, FAO and Species 2000. Lopez provided inputs on the Project. Sponsored by the Na­ benefits of integrated rice-fish Technical Advice on Library tional Inland Fisheries Technol­ culture to ensure productive Computerization of the Mindanao ogy Center (NIFTC) of Philip­ rice fields in Asia. State University, Philippines. pine BFAR. 30 participants from R.M. Temprosa. 1 participant. 11 regions in the Philippines. ICLARM, Manila, Philippines, National Inland Freshwater 29 October. worllShoDS/ Research Center, Tanay, Rizal, 26- 31 July. Technical Advice on Management COnferenCes/seminarS of Fisheries and Aquatic Infor­ conducted Coastal Resources Co-management mation Systems of PCAMRD. Training Seminar. R.S. Pomeroy. R.M. Temprosa. 2 participants. APAARI Fisheries Subgroup Maputo, Mozambique, 23-26 Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines, Meeting. M.J. Williams and M. November. 7 April. V Gupta. Suwon, Republic of Korea, 11-12 October. Co-management of Natural Technology Transfer on Blacklip Resources in Asia: A Compara­ Pearl Oyster Grow-out (in collabo­ ASIan .FIshenes SOCial Science tive Perspective. 1. Harkes and B. ration with James Cook Univer­ Research Network Meeting. R.S. Katon. IIAS/NIAS, Isabela, sity). K. Fiedman. Participants Pomeroy and A. Trinidad-Juan. Philippines, 16-18 September. 17 participants. Chiang Mai,

44 ICLARM A'l~LlAL REPORT 1998 Co-management Workshop on Expert Consultation on the Region­ International Conference on Explo­ Research Progress. I. Harkes and alization of the Code of Conduct ration of the Seas Symposium on RS. Pomeroy. Environmental for Responsible Fisheries. Phase I: Confronting Uncertainty in the Study Center, Pattimura Univer­ Responsible Fishing Operations. Evaluation and Implementation sity, Indonesia, 3-5 March. G. Silvestre. Chiang Mai, Thailand, of Fisheries Management Sys­ 9-12 November. tems. M. Ahmed. Cape Town, Conference on Biodiversity and South Africa, 16-19 November. Development. V Christensen. Fifth Asian Fisheries Forum. M. DANIDA Research Council, Ahmed, L. Lachica, R.S. International Workshop on Placing Copenhagen, 21 October. Pomeroy, A. Salamanca, G. Fisheries in Their Ecosystem Silvestre and P. Thompson. Context. V Christensen. North Convention ofIntegrated Coastal Chiang Mai, Thailand, 11-14 Sea Centre, Denmark, 4-8 August. Management Practitioners in the November. Philippines. S. Vergara and A. International Workshop on Banzon-Serrano. Davao City, Fifth Biennial Meeting of the Inter­ Research Partnership between Philippines, 10-12 October. national Society for Ecological N Gas and Agricultural Re­ Economics. Beyond Growth: search Institutions. P. Thomp­ Creating a Sea Change: Resolving Policies and Institutions for Sus­ son. International Institute for the Global Fisheries Crisis. Inter­ tainability. R.A. V Santos. San­ Rural Reconstruction, Cavite, national Conference sponsored tiago, Chile, 15-19 November. Philippines, 4-10 October. by WWF's Endangered Seas and Living Planet Campaign. G. T. Fifth International Conference on International Workshop on the Use Silvestre. Lisbon, Portugal, 12-15 Remote Sensing for Marine and ofEcopath with Ecosim to Evaluate September. Coastal Environments. J. Strategies for Sustainable Exploit­ McManus. San Diego, USA, ation of Multispecies Resources. Crossing Boundaries - Seventh 3-8 October. V Christensen. Fisheries Centre, Conference of the International UBC, Canada, 25-27 March. Association for the Study of First Population, Consumption and Common Property. M. Ahmed, Environment Workshop. J. Legal and Institutional Perspectives RS. Pomeroy, P. Thompson, M. McManus and H. Quiaoit. on the Management of Fisheries , Torell, B.M. Katon and I. Harkes. Chicago, illinois, USA, 6-7 April. Coastal Resources and the Coastal Vancouver, British Columbia, Environment in Southeast Asia Fish and Shellfish Genetics (a Canada, 10-14 June. and Bangladesh. M. Torell, R.S. special session during the Asian Pomeroy, A. Salamanca and East Asian Forum on Genetic Fisheries Forum). M.V Gupta. RA. V Santos. CaRIN, Prince Resources Access and Benefit Chiang Mai, Thailand, of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Sharing Policies. M. Ablan­ 11-14 November. Thailand, 23-25 April. Lagman. Cavite, Philippines, Forum on the New Fisheries Code 7-8 December. NARS-Asia Planning Meeting of of the Philippines: Issues, Impacts the Fisheries Co-Management EC Conference on Ocean Food and Implication. L. Garces. Project. RS. Pomeroy, A. Webs and Economic Productiv­ SEARCA, Los Banos, Laguna, Trinidad-Juan, B.M. Katon, E. ity. V Christensen. Lisbon, Portugal, Philippines, 22 May. Genio and A. Salamanca. Chiang 30 June - 3 July. Genetic Markers in Aquaculture Mai, Thailand, 9 November. Ecopath Workshop. J.L. Munro. and Fisheries Management. M. National Workshop on Aquacul­ Puntarenas, Costa Rica, 20-28 Ablan-Lagman. Sabah, Mal­ ture Genetics in the Philippines. April. aysia, 5-11 March. P.R. Gardiner, M.V Gupta, B.O.

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 45 Acosta, N.D. Macawaris-Ele and PISCES Laboratory, Makati City, Asia. M. V. Gupta and B.o. Acosta. E. Tuico. NFFTRC/BFAR, Philippines, 17-24 June. Thailand and India, 12-25 July. Nueva Ecija, Philippines, 27 Project Appraisal Committee Symposium on Women in Asian March. Meeting of the Capacity Build­ Fisheries. Asian Fisheries Forum. Ninth Biennial Meeting of the ing for Integrated Coastal Manage­ M.J. Williams (Co-convenor). International Institute of Fisher­ ment in the Philippines. G. Chiang Mai, Thailand, 13 ies Economics and Trade. M. Magnayon-Umali. Ormoc City, November. Ahmed and R.S. Pomeroy. Leyte, 12 November. Tenth Global Biodiversity Forum. Tr~mso, Norway, 9-4 July. Record-breaking Coral Reef V. Christensen. Bratislava, Pacific Economic Cooperation Bleaching Episode of 1998: Slovakia, 30 April - 2 May. Council Workshop on the Impact Outlook - More Ahead? J. Mc­ Tenth Steering Committee Meeting of Govemrnent Financial Trans­ Manus and H. Quiaoit. ICLARM, of the Fisheries Co-Management fers on Fisheries Management, Manila, Philippines, 17 November. Project. R. Pomeroy. Maputo, Resource Sustainability Interna­ Regional Workshop on Application Mozambique, 21-22 November. tional Trade. G. Silvestre. of Ecopath with Ecosim. V. PRIMEX, Manila, Philippines, Tropical Fish Biology Symposium Christensen. Universidad Nacio­ 17-19 August. of the Fisheries Society of the naI, Puntarenas, Costa Rica, 21- British Isles. V. Christensen. Participatory Natural Resource 28 April. Southampton, UK, 13-17 July. Management in Developing Regional Workshop on Methods of Countries. I. Harkes. Mansfield Workshop on Comparative Analysis of Fishery Resources. College, Oxford, UK, 6-8 April. Dynamics of Exploited Ecosys­ V. Christensen. Songkla, Thai­ tems of the Northwest Atlantic. Planning Workshop for Phase 2 of land, 1-3 November. V. Christensen. Halifax, N.S., the Fisheries Co-management Review Workshop in Dhaka with Canada, 12-15 November. Project (ICLARM and IFM). Partners within the IFAD-funded R.S. Pomeroy, B.M. Katon and Workshop on the Ecological Basis Project on Sustaining and I. Harkes. Institute of Fisheries and Management Policy for Increasing the Productivity of Management and Coastal Com­ Sustainable Fish Production in Rice and Fish Yield within the munity Development, Hirtshals, Lake Nasser. M. Ahmed. Aswan, Flood Prone Ecosystem of South Denmark, 17-21 August. Egypt, 20-23 June. and Southeast Asia. M.M. Dey, Policy Forum on Limiting Re­ M. Prein and S.D. Tripathi. source Access to Marine and Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Coastal Resources. B.M. Katon. Joydebpur, Bangladesh, 6-7 JUly. Selected Media Dumaguete City, N egros Second South East Asia Program couerage Oriental, Philippines, 29-30 April. for Ocean Law, Policy and Print Media Policy Forum on the New Fisheries Management (SEAPOL) Gulf of Code of the Philippines. B.M. Thailand Meeting of Experts. Annual Report. Central Institute of Katon. SEARCA, Los Banos, M. Torell and A. Salamanca, Freshwater Aquaculture (Bhuba­ Laguna, Philippines, 22 May. 19-22 July. neswar). Pictures taken at the Workshop on Genetic Improve­ Population Genetics Techniques Study Tour of African Scientists ment of Carps. Central Institute and their Applications to from Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt and of Freshwater Aquaculture (Bhub­ Aquaculture and Fisheries Malawi to Aquaculture and aneswar): 16-A, 62-A. Management. M. Ablan-Lagrnan. Genetics Research Centers in

46 lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 Business World. Leyte fisherfolk coastal management, selected Manila Bulletin. Our plans and edge away from poverty. IL. issues in fisheries and aquacul­ vision for the SBMA, a big role Mercado. 23 July: 13. ture. W Barg, P. Martosubroto in national development. F. C. and R. Willman. 32(2): 3-7. BusinessWorld. Scientists' warn­ Payumo. 6 December: 20, 23. ing; Southeast Asia's coral reefs FAa Aquaculture Newsletter. Manila Bulletin. SEAFDEC-AQD are fast declining. C. McCall, 28 International conference suggests hatchery [photo clip]. 5 Novem­ May: 18. policies for the conservation and ber: B-18. sustainable use of aquatic genetic BusinessWorld. Studies raise hope Manila Chronicle. Bangus fry shortage resources. D. Bartley. (19): 8-9. amid declining fish catch. R.G. hits 1.6b, decline in Philippine Offemaria. 18 March: 9. Fish Farmer. Holmenkollen milkfish population expected to guidelines updated. M. New. BusinessWorld. Women, children persist. 13 January: 13. 21(1): 36-39. make undervalued contributions Manila Standard. Fish hatchery in fishery. 21 December: 19. FishBytes. Fishing down marine complex opens. 12 August: 18. food webs ... in Canada too. D. Catch and Culture. The Mekong Manila Standard. World's coral reefs Pauly. 4(1): 4. River basin gets its own session. in danger. (New book, etc.): Reefs Nao Thuok. 4(1): 2. FishBytes. The director in Oz, part at risk. 10 July (Sec. B): IS. two. T. Pitcher. 4(2): 3. CGIAR News. As you sow, so shall National: The Philippine Journal. you reap. August: 4-5. FishBytes. The law of Ma' at, Aquatic research hub in Subic. modelling and Lake Nasser. T. CGIAR News. CGIAR happening, 21 April: 6. Pitcher. 4(5): 3. milestones. March: 3. New York Times. Man moves The Hindu. Integrated farm pond CGIARNews. CGIARscience down the marine food chain, for increased productivity. 19 awards, outstanding scientific creating havoc. WK. Stevens. March: 28. partnership [photo clip]. Decem­ 10 February 1998: F3. ber: 13. The Hindu. Super tilapia - ideal for PCAMRD Waves. ICM training small farmers. 29 January: 28. CGIARNews. Highlights ofCGIAR manual launched. 11(1): 8, 7. center's achievements. March: 4-5. The Journal. Subic marine center People's Journal. Signing for the seen to boost gov't food security CGIAR News. ICLARM/NASA aquaculture research headquar­ agenda. 17 November: 8. collaborate. December: IS. ters, 21 April 1998, by the Manila Bulletin. Aquaculture Department of Agriculture and CGIAR News. New book, etc.: complex launched. 10 August: 30. Subic Bay Metropolitan Author­ Reefs at risk, a map-based indi­ ity. 22 April: 10. cator of threats to the world's Manila Bulletin. Dar at SEAFDEC The Philippine Journal. Top MNLF coral reefs. August: 5. anniversary. Z.B. Sarian. 9 July: B-14. commander finds new, satisfying CGIAR News. The CGIAR nurtures Manila Bulletin. GIFT gets award. struggle in fish farming. 5 July: 7. an evaluation culture. March: 1-3. C.S. Caoile. 18 October: IS. The Philippine Star. Aklan [com­ The Economist (special insert). Manila Bulletin. GIFT tilapia going munitynews]. R.A. Fernandez. The deep green sea, a survey. E. great, seminar this Saturday, p.m. 15 November: 14. Carr. 347(8069): 18 p. Running Z.B. Sarian. 2 April: B-18. title: Survey: the sea. The Philippine Star. Interdependen­ Manila Bulletin. GIFT tilapia cies of South China coral reefs Entwicklung und Laendlicher seminar this Saturday. Z.B. studied. 27 November: 42. Raum. Towards sustainable Sarian. 30 April: 36.

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 47 The Philippine Star. Marine research Today. Tilapia breeding to be taken South China Morning Post. center [photo clip]. 17 N ovem­ up in Agrilink 1998 fair. 25 Interviews with J. McManus. ber: 13. August: 15. Trinidad and Tobago National TV The Philippine Star. Rizal [commu­ Today. Tilapia strain may ease tight Station. Training Course on nity news]. R.A. Fernandez. 8 fish supply. 2 June: 15. Fisheries and Biodiversity Manage­ November: 13. ment: closing ceremony, Port of Viden om Informationsteknologi. Spain, Trinidad and Tobago. The Philippine Star. RP milkfish Faerre fisk i havene, [Fewer fish fry shortage hits alarming level. in the seas]. K. PauliandF. Bro. 11 January: 18. 9 February: 7. The Philippine Star. World aquaculture prod'n dominated N onprint Media by Asian countries. R.A. Fernandez. 9 December: 23. Earthbeat, ABC Radio; 3RN, Australia. Philippines fish market, The Philippine Panorama. Low­ interview by Lynne Malcolm cost tilapia culture. Z.B. Sarian. with J. McManus. 28 and 30 12 April: 10-11. March. PIMRIS Newsletter. FishBase, the Earthbeat, ABC Radio; 3RN, world's most comprehensive Australia. Reefs around the electronic encyclopedia on fish. Spratley Islands, interview by 10(1): 6-7. Lynne Malcolm with J. Reuters Wire Service, Singore. McManus. 8 and 30 March. Interview with J. McManus. The Farming World, BBC World The use of diving tourism in Service, UK. Aquaculture for Southeast Asia and its small farms, interview by relationaship to coral reef degrad­ Michael Pickstock with M. ation. C. McCall. Prein. 27-28 February; 1 March. Science. Overfishing disrupts entire Guaranteeing fish stock for the next ecosystems. N. Williams. century. M.J. Williams and 279(5352): 809. ICLARM research staff. For radio SEAFDEC Asian Aquaculture. broadcast by Deutsche Welle Food security addressed in D.K. (German Radio), in collabora­ Villaluz Memorial Lecture. tion with Radio Veritas Asia M.B. Surtida. (4): 11,27. (Philippines). SEAFDEC Asian Aquaculture. Coral reef degradation in the region, Update on tilapia. W Yap. with J. McManus. Interview by 20(2): 18, 30. Mike Ryan for the International Community Radio of Taiwan. Suara Maluku. Sasi laut di Maluku penting diteliti, Bob Pomeroy: Radio Australia Pacific, Australia. sistem ini satu-satunya yang ada ICLARM and giant clams. 9 di Asia. 7 March. October.

48 ICLARM ANNUAl REPORT 1998 FlNANCES

14th Floor Multinational Bancorporation C:pntre 6805 Ayala Avenue 1226 Makati City, Philippinps Report ofIndependent Accountants Telephone +631211)4527211 Facsimile +63 12) 1)45 21)0fJ To the Board of Trustees International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Inc. (lCLARM) (A nonstock, nonprofit organization)

We have audited the accompanying statement of financial position of the International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Inc. (a nonstock, nonprofit organization) as at December 31, 1997 and 1996 and the related statements of activities and of cash flows for the years then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Center's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards in conformity with interna­ tional audit guidelines as issued by the International Federation of Accountants. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statements presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

As explained more fully in Note 2, the Center's financial statements are prepared on the basis of accounting practices prescribed for international agricultural research centers seeking assistance from the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research. Such practices conform with generally accepted accounting principles.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly the financial position of the International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Inc. as at December 31, 1997 and 1996 and its activities and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.

Our audits were made for the purpose of forming an opinion on the basic financial statements taken as a whole, The supplementary schedules of grant revenue, restricted core and complementary funding, fixed assets, capital expenditures, capital fund movement, funds in trust and details of operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996 are presented for purposes of additional analysis and are not a required part of the basic financial statements. The information in the supplementary schedules has been subjected to the auditing procedures applied in the audit of the basic financial statements and, in our opinion is fairly stated in all material respects when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole.

Makati City, Philippines February 12, 1998

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 49 STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION (U.S. Dollar '000)

December 31 Note 1998 1997 ASSETS CURRENT ASSETS Cash and cash equivalents 2,3 5,511 4,366 Accounts receivable Donors (Exhibit 1) 4 2,816 3,401 Employees 158 135 Others, net 5 865 634 Supplies inventory 2 10 15 Prepaid expenses 169 154 Other current assets 611 514 Total current assets 10,140 9,219 FIXED ASSETS (Exhibits 3, 3A and 3B) Center owned Property and equipment 2,6 2,054 1,827 Accumulated depreciation (1,315) (1,091) 739 736 In custody Property and equipment 3,606 2,694 Total fixed assets, net 4,345 3,430 Total assets 14,485 12,649 LIABILITIES AND FUND BALANCES CURRENT LIABILITIES Accounts payable Donors (Exhibit 1) 7 3,949 5,142 Employees 8 375 326 Others 9 120 248 Funds in trust (Attachment II) 10 1,025 1,032 Accrued expenses 11 1,146 407 Commitment expense payable 787 Reserve for contingencies 214 200 Total current liabilities 7,616 7,355 NET ASSETS 13 Capital invested in fixed assets (Exhibit 3, 3A and 3B) 4,345 3,430 Capital fund (Attachment 1) 885 888 Operating fund 1,485 923 Total net assets 6715 5,241 CUMULATIVE TRANSLATION ADmSTMENT 2 154 53 Total liabilities and net assets 14,485 12,649

(See accompanying notes to financial statements)

50 ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT \998 STATEMENT OF ACTIVITIES (U.S. Dollar '000)

For the year ended December 31 CORE TOTAL Note Umestricted Restricted 1998 1997 REVENUES Total grants (Exhibit 1) 2 6,772 3,776 10,548 9,047 Other revenues 312 312 343 Total revenues 7,084 3,776 10,860 9,390 OPERATING EXPENSES Researchprograrns 3,122 3,600 6,722 5,279 Conferences and trainings 28 157 185 145 Information services 512 19 531 657 General administration 2,786 2,786 2,509 General oEerations 2 528 528 793 Total o:eerating ex:eenses 6,976 3,776 10,752 9,383 Recovery of indirect costs (3332 {3332 {447} Total expenses (Exhibit 2 and Attachment III} 6,643 3,776 10,419 8,936 EXCESS OF REVENUES OVER EXPENSES 441 441 454 ALLOCATED AS FOLLOWS: Operating fund 441 441 454 441 441 454 MEMO ITEM Operating expenses - By natural Classification Personnel 3,684 1,513 5,197 5,032 Operating costs 2,193 1,645 3,838 2,798 Travel 526 618 1,144 826 De:ereciation of fixed assets 240 240 280 Total operating expenses (Exhibit 2 and Attachment III) 6,643 3,776 10,419 8,936

(See accompanying notes to financial statements)

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 51 STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (U.S. Dollar '000)

For the year ended December 31 1998 1997 CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES Excess of revenues over expenses 441 454 Adjustments to reconcile excess of revenue over expenses to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation 240 280 Disposal and write-off of property and equipment 17 30 Changes in: Accounts receivable Donors 585 (1,988) Employees (23) 43 Others (231) (198) Supplies inventory 5 15 Prepaid expenses (15) 37 Other current assets (97) 229 Accounts payable Donors (1,193) 1,108 Employees 49 (127) Others (128) 43 Funds in trust (7) 1,027 Accrued expenses 739 202 Commitment expenses payable 787 Reserve for contingencies 14 Net cash provided by operating activities 1,183 1,155 CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTNITIES Acquisition of property and equipment Center owned (243) (187) In custody (912) (1,545) Funds invested in property and equipment 898 1,422 Increase (decrease) in capital fund (3) 123 Increase in operating fund due to transfer of funds 121 44 Cumulative translation adjustment 101 22 Net cash used in investing activities (38) (121 ) NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQillVALENTS 1,145 1,034 CASH AND CASH EQUNALENTS Beginning 4,366 3,332 End 5,511 4,366

(See accompanying notes to financial statements)

52 ICLARM ANNUAL REPORI 1998 NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEtvIENTS DECEMBER 31, 1998 AND 1997

Note 1 - General

The International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Inc. (ICLARM) was established in 1976 by the Rockefeller Foundation and formally incorporated under the laws of the Republic of the Philippines on January 20, 1977 as a nonstock, philantrophic and nonprofit corporation. The Center is also an autonomous, international, scientific and technical research center with a broad mandate to conduct and catalyze strategic research on all aspects of aquatic resources management which aims to improve productivity of culture and capture fisheries and small scale rural subsistence and market fisheries. It also publishes findings and recommendations and holds conferences to discuss current problems related to aquatic resources.

ICLARM is a member of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), an informal but highly successful association of public and private sector donors supporting international agricultural research centers.

On November 28, 1995, an international agreement that recognizes the Center as an international organization was signed. The agreement grants the Center juridical status to enable it to more effectively continue its international efforts and activities in living aquatic resources management.

On October 7, 1996, Resolution No. 62 was adopted by the Philippine Senate and grants the Center certain privileges and immunities which include the following exemptions:

a. exemption from payment of all taxes which extend to goods imported by the Center intended for its official use;

b. exemption from payment of gift tax; all gifts, bequests, contributions and donations to the Center are considered allowable deductions for determining the income tax of the donor;

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 53 c. exemption from payment of all customs duties and related levies of any kind;

d. exemption from payment of income tax of non-Filipino citizens serving on the technical and scientific staff on salaries and stipends in foreign currency received solely from, and by reason of, service rendered to the Center;

e. exemption from prohibitions and restrictions on the import or export of articles intended for its official use.

Note 2 - Basis of financial statement presentation and sienificant accountine policies

The accompanying financial statements, expressed in US dollars, are prepared on the basis of accounting practices prescribed for international agricultural research centers seeking assistance from the CGIAR. The CGIAR prescribed accounting practices conform with generally accepted accounting principles.

A summary of the Center's significant accounting policies is set forth to facilitate the understanding of data presented in the financial statements.

Cash equivalents - Cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amount of cash with original maturities of three months or less.

Foreign currency transactions - Philippine peso and other foreign currency denominated transactions are translated to US dollars for reporting purposes at standard bookkeeping rates which approximate the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Exchange differences resulting from a) the collection of foreign currency - denominated receivables, b) the settlement of foreign currency obligations, and c) translation of balances of foreign currency­ denominated accounts at rates different from which they were originally booked are credited/charged to operations. Exchange differences resulting from the translation of balances of foreign currency - denominated accounts are carried in the "Cumulative Translation Adjustment" accounts.

Revenue - Revenue from unrestricted core grants are pledged on an annual basis and are recognized in the accounts when there is probability of collection in the year the grant is pledged. If the pledge is later judged to be uncollectible, it is written off against revenue of the year in which it is determined to be uncollectible. These grants are utilized to fund core programs and the regular operating requirements of the Center.

54 lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 Restricted core grants are recognized as income when funds are committed or received from the donors to the extent of expenses actually incurred. Disbursements from these sources are limited by conditions embodied in agreements with donor organizations. Excess of grants received over expenses, representing grants applicable to succeeding years, is classified as Accounts Payable - Donors in the Statement of Financial Position.

Inventory of materials and supplies - Inventory of materials and supplies is stated at cost using the moving average method.

Property and equipment - Land is stated at historical cost. Property and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Replacement and renovation of assets and property are financed through reserves (Capital fund) funded primarily by depreciation. Depreciation of assets owned by the Center is computed on the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives of the related assets:

Estimated life in Category description years Infrastructure and leasehold improvements 5 Furnishing and equipment 5 -10

Property and equipment acquired through restricted and complementary funding are assets in custody and remain the property of the respective donors until the expiration of the agreement/contract which disposition is made by donors. Such assets are shown as a separate item in the Statement of Financial Position. Assets in custody are not depreciated.

Note 3 - Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at December 31 consist of:

1998 1997 CUS$ '000) Unrestricted 1,485 923 Restricted 4,026 3,443 5,511 4,366

Cash and cash equivalents include the remaining grant of $726 (1997 - $2,826) from Japan for the Abbassa Egypt site refurbishment.

lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 55 Note 4 - Accounts receivable - donors

Accounts receivable from donors consist of unreleased balances of approved grants and expenses incurred in advance of receipt of project donor funds as at December 31 and are classified as follows:

1998 1997 Exhibit (US$ '000) Unrestricted core grants I 1,548 2,762 Restricted core grants I 1,268 639 2,816 3,401

The Secretariat of the CGIAR assists the Center in following up the release of core grants by donors.

Note 5 - Accounts receivable - others

Other receivables at December 31 consist of:

1998 1997 (US$ '000) Advances to projects 712 544 Others 158 90 870 634 Allowance for probable losses 5 865 634

Sb ICLARM ANNUAl REPORI 1998 Note 6 - Property and equipment; leases

Property and equipment at December 31 are classified under the following accounts:

1998 1997 (US$ '000) Owned Cost Land 43 43 Infrastructure and leasehold 181 209 Furnishing and equipment 1,830 1,575 2,054 1,827 Accumulated depreciation Infrastructure and leasehold 59 52 Furnishing and equipment 1,256 1,039 1,315 1,091 Net book value 739 736 In custody Infrastructure and leasehold 2,487 1,835 Furnishing and equipment 1,119 859 3,606 2,694 4,345 3,430

In the event of termination of the activities ofICLARM, all of its physical assets shall become the property of the University of the Philippines System. If such system is unable or unwilling to accept all or any part ofthe physical assets, these shall be disposed of exclusively for charitable, educational or religious purposes, as may be determined by the Board of Trustees.

The Center leases its administrative offices, renewable on a yearly basis, at the option of ICLARM. It also leases several housing units for its Internationally Recruited Staff for a period of up to 2 years and renewable upon expiration under such terms and conditions acceptable to both parties. Annual rentals on these leases aggregate to $417 thousand (US$ 478 thousand in 1997). The advance deposits which the Center paid under the terms of the covering leases were shown as part of other current assets in the Statement of Financial Position.

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 57 Note 7 - Accounts payable - donors

Accounts payable to donors represent grants received in advance and applicable to succeeding periods and are classified as follows:

1998 1997 Exhibit (US$ '000) Unrestricted core grants I 923 1,600 Restricted core grants I 3,026 3,542 3,949 5,142

Note 8 - Accounts payable - employees

Accounts payable to employees consist of accumulated contributions to employees' retirement fund less borrowings made by the employees.

Note 9 - Accounts payable - others

Accounts payable - others consist ofliabilities to various suppliers of goods and services.

Note 10 - Funds in trust

Funds in trust consist of funds held in custody for donors and funds provided by donors and managed by the Center with an ultimate beneficiary other than CGIAR centers.

Note 11 - Accruals and provisions

Accrued expenses consist of various liabilities to suppliers and benefits due to certain employees. Accruals and provisions at December 31 consisted of:

1998 1997 Exhibit (US$ '000) Trade payables I 243 107 Staff benefits I 308 Other I 595 300 1,146 407

58 ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 Note 12 - Provident fund (Staff Benefit Plan)

The Center maintains a non-contributory provident fund for the benefit of its Nationally Recruited Staff. Monthly contribution to the fund is computed at 10%-15% of the employees' basic salary. The plan provides lump sum payment to qualified employees/members upon separation from the Center, under certain conditions.

Contributions to the fund amounted to US$66 thousand (1997 - US$79 thousand)

Note 13 - Chan2:es in fund balance

Capital invested Capital Operating in fixed assets Fund Fund Total (In US$'OOO} Center In Owned Custody Total Balance, December 31, 1997 736 2,694 3,430 888 923 5,241 Additions/sources 243 912 1,155 240 121 1,516 Deductions/uses (240) (240) (243) (483) Excess of revenue over expenses 441 441 Balance, December 31, 1998 739 3,606 4,345 885 1,485 6,715

Note 14 - Aereement with the Government ofthe Arab Republic of EeYpt

The Center and the Government of the Arab Republic of Egypt entered into an agreement on March 31, 1997 to establish a regional center in the Arab Republic of Egypt. The agreement was ratified by the Arab Republic of Egypt on December 8, 1997. As provided for in the agreement, the Egyptian government shall make available to the Center the utilization of the facilities and equipment currently operated by the Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research at Abbassa, Abou Hammad-Sharkia Governorate, and at other research sites to be agreed upon within the Arab Republic of Egypt for the benefit of the international community and the people of Egypt.

The agreement shall remain in force for 25 years, and shall be renewed by mutual consent of the parties for an additional period of25 years. In the event oftennination or expiration of the agreement or its extensions, land and facilities thereupon as upgraded shall revert to the Arab Republic of Egypt. Other assets shall be distributed between the two parties upon their consent in consultation with the CGIAR.

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 59 The properties in the regional center include among others, the tract of land of approximately 1,480 feddans (6,216,000 square meters), administration and laboratory buildings, 12 villas, two residential buildings, workshops and stores, as well as the different types of research ponds. The fair market value of the facilities will be estimated by an independent appraiser and recorded accordingly in the books in 1999.

Note 15 - Reclassification of accounts

Certain accounts in the 1997 financial statements were reclassified to conform with the 1998 financial statement presentation.

60 lCLt\RM t\'JNUAI REPORI 1998 Heu FinanCial Statistics

Funding by Year (1993-1998) Funding by Donors and Partners (1998) 12,000 "" ... ~ European Union 1------'------$1,828 ...... ""c> I 10,000 ...C> Denmark 1--______...LJ$1,141 ~ .....c> ::::"" - World Bank C> ...... - 8,000 ... <0 00 en :0 to- <0 ~ Asian Development Bank c <.0 1-_____--'$ 836 ,.-...... c- '":::I o- Netherlands '"C 1------" ..c 6,000 t- $ 810 ~ r- - Sweden 1-_--'-__---' $ 669 en -::::> 4,000 t- USA

r- t- Japan 2,000 Germany $ 379 E C1) c Arab Republic of Egypt 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1:: ~ Norway $ 379 Year 'CIc '"E Ford Foundation c c c CI Arab Fund Australia $378 Canada United Kingdom $136 UNDP $128 (1) Oxfam America, URI $26 IFAD $104 France $14 CAS $14 MacArthur Foundation FCRI-HAKI $11 MRC $11 Philippines UNESCO $8 CTA $5 FAD New Zealand $5 University of Reading $2 IADB/UWI

India

Others (1)

C> C> C> = C> C> C> C> C> C> C> C> = C> C> C> C> C> C> N ... 00 C> N <0 00 ...... "" - - -- .... ~- us $ (thousand) Legend: D Unrestricted core (may be allocated at the Center's discretion to support general operating costs, programs or projects) D Restricted core (designated by contract with donor to support specific project activities) D Complementary (designated by contract with donor to support specific project activities that are outside ICLARM's main programs and functions)

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 61 Resource Allocation (1998)

Programs Biodiversity and Genetic Resources I I $1,194 Germplasm Enhancement and Breeding I 1$671 Integrated Aquaculture-Agriculture Systems I 1$691

'"~ Coastal Aquaculture and Stock Enhancement I 1$828 '~ Aquatic Environments I 1$378 en -g Fisheries Resources Assessment and Management I 1$781 '" Policy Research and Impact Assessment I I $ 1.198 Information and Training I 1$532 International Partnerships and Networks I 1$ 358 Others Regional Research Center for Africa and West AsiaJ-______-l1 $ 1.166 Other Projects 0$ 19 Executive ManagementSupportl------,1 $ 1,087 Corporate SelVices DiViSiOn-t=====::::;-:;-:-;:-______--l1 $ 1,258

Board OfTrustees-t=====r===-I$:.2::5.:,8_-r-___,- ___-,- ___-r ___ --y ___ --, o 200 400 600 800 1.000 1,200 1,400 US $ (thousand)

legend: D Unrestricted core (may be allocated at the Center's discretion to support general operating costs, programs or projects) D Restricted core (designated by contract with donor to support specific project activities)

Erratum The last five bars of the above graph should show unrestricted core funding (green) instead of restricted core funding (yellow) for: • Regional Research Center for Africa and West Asia • Other Projects • Executive Management Support • Corporate Services Division • Board of Trustees

62 lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT \998 lCLARM AT A GLANCE

ICLARM'S We believe this work will be most Commitment successful when undertaken in partnership with national govern­ ment and nongovernment institu­ tions and with the participation of ICLARM contributes to food the users of the research results. security and poverty eradication in developing countries. The guiding principles for our research are: What we aim for: • sustainability; • poverty eradication; • equity; • a healthier, better nourished • gender role in development; human family; • participation; • reduced pressure on fragile • systems approach; and natural resources; and • anticipatory research. • people-centered policies for sustainable development. The values of our work are:

How we achieve this: • excellence in achievement; • relevance to our beneficiaries' Through research, partnership, needs; capacity building and policy • partnerships; support, we promote sustainable • centerwide teamwork; development and use of living • communication; aquatic resources based on environ­ • efficiency and flexibility in mentally sound management. program delivery; and Our objectives are: • continual growth in our • raising and sustaining the knowledge and understanding. productivity of fisheries and aquaculture systems; • protecting the aquatic environment; • saving aquatic biodiversity; • improving policies for sustain­ able development of aquatic International links: resources; and ICLARM has its headquarters in the Philippines and research sites in • strengthening the capacity of Egypt, the Solomon Islands, Bangladesh, the Caribbean and Malawi. In national programs to support 1992, ICLARM joined the Consultative Group on International Agricul­ sustainable development. tural Research (CGIAR) which is under the umbrella of four co-sponsors: FAa, World Bank, UNDP and UNEP.

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 63 CGIAR and ICLARM include the alleviation of poverty, voluntary grants to support the protection of the natural environ­ research agenda, for which ment, promotion of sustainable programs are proposed, evaluated agriculture and development, and and agreed annually. The emphasis on people-centered CGIAR's agenda is designed to About the CGIAR policies. evolve over time, incorporating

The CGIAR, established in Partners from national govern­ social, ecological, economic as 1971, is an informal association of mental agencies, nongovernmental well as technical factors in devel­ more than 50 public and private organizations, community groups, oping new and more effective sector donors supporting 16 farmer associations, academic agricultural technologies and policies. The CG IAR in turn research centers worldwide. research institutions, the private provides services to national Through the research generated by sector and others contribute to its participating centers, the decisions on research policy and agricultural research systems in CGIAR aims to improve food programs carried out by the developing countries on topics security in developing countries. CGIAR centers. Members in the ranging from forestry and livestock Critical elements of this mission Consultative Group provide to food crops, irrigation and aquatic resources.

ICLARM's Role in the CGIAR • ICLARM brings issues and • ICLARM attends CGIAR • ICLARM joined the CGIAR in opportunities concerning meetings, participates in 1992. It is the only CGIAR aquatic resources onto the various systemwide initiatives, center with a mandate for CGIAR agenda and into the and interacts with the CGIAR's living aquatic resources. The broader international, tradition­ Technical Advisory Committee importance of this unique ally land-based agricultural on technical reviews and other responsibility is underscored by arena. activities. Specifically, the fact that: • ICLARM initiates the integra­ ICLARM is involved in three tion of aquaCUlture with systemwide initiatives. - water covers over 70% of the agriculture for improved earth's surface; The first is the Systemwide productivity and hence in­ - about one billion people rely on Genetic Resources Program creased food supply. fish as their primary source of (SGRP). All of the 16 CGIAR • Through its knowledge of animal protein; centers contribute to this aquatic environments, - nearly 50 million people are program through ex situ ICLARM helps complement involved in small-scale fisheries genebanks, germplasm distribu­ the information needed for through catching, processing tion and research on in situ agricultural research, such as and marketing; and conservation, for which connections and interactions - fish production provides some ICLARM and the Center for between aquatic and terrestrial 150 million people with International Forestry Research ecosystems. employment.

64 ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 (CIFOR) have special roles The second is on water man­ Areas" which is administered with respect to genetic resources agement. The Systemwide jointly by the International in ecosystems. ICLARM also Initiative on Water Manage­ Irrigation Management Insti­ has a lead role for some ment has the overall objective tute and the International Food database activities in the of enhancing the productivity Policy Research Institute. SGRP's project that is enhanc­ of water in agriculture in an The third is working on joint ing access to genetic resources environment of growing public awareness activities with data held by the CGIAR, scarcity and competition and other CGIAR centers to through a Systemwide Informa­ provides an umbrella for several disseminate knowledge of the tion Network on Genetic projects executed jointly by objectives and impacts of Resources (SINGER). In 1998, multidisciplinary partners. research on agricultural and the majority of all the genetic ICLARM, through its Inte­ aquatic resources. The activities resources data held by the grated Aquaculture-Agricul ture include meetings, presentations, various centers was made Systems Program, collaborates displays, media releases, available for searching through with one project within this publications and information a common user interface in the umbrella, entitled "Valuing the on the internet. SINGER. Multiple Uses of Irrigated

Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) Centers

lI

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 65 ICLARM OrganizatiOn

ICLARM's executive team oversees nine programs, diversified from three large programs in early 1996. Below is the ICLARM organizational structure including the Director ILeader for each area as of the end of 1998.

Deputy Dir,ector General Deputy Director General Associate Director General I Director Programs Africa and West Asia Corporate Services International Relations (Pete! Gardiner) (Roger~ Rowe) (Edward N Sayegh) (Modad"ugu Gupta)

Biodiv~rsity and Germplasm Integrated Aqua­ Coastal Aquaculture Genetic Resources Enhancement and cu Iture-Ag ri cu Iture and Stock Program Breeding Program Systems Program Enhancement (Roger Pullin) (Rex Dunham) (Mark Prem) (Johann Bell)

Aquatic Fisheries Resources Policy Research and Information International Environments Assessment and Impact Assessment and Partnerships and . Program Management Program Program Training Program Networks Program (John•• McManus) (Villy Christensen) (Mahfuzuddin Ahmed) (Joanna Kane~Potaka) (Modadugu Gupta)

66 ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 Uiew from Ihe Board Dr. Masaru Fujiya, and welcomed and to learn more about the two new members, Dr. Katherine fisheries and aquaculture sectors Prof. Kurt J. Peters Richardson Christensen and Dr. and the Center's work. Chair, Board ofTTUStte5 Takeshi Nose. Dr. S.E. Escudero The first activity was a one day III, the former Secretary of the workshop with the research staff ICLARM's Board of Trustees Philippine Department of Agricul­ of the Center, held prior to the 13 th completed another active year in ture, was replaced on the Board in Meeting in March. The workshop 1998. The oversight functions of July by Dr. William Dar, his was the first step in developing the Board were discharged through successor, following the induction ICLARM's new Strategic Plan. active participation by Trustees in of a new government after the its meetings, visits to ICLARM Through structured discussions in Philippine national elections in May. outreach sites and maintenance of small groups, Board and staff an active plan for future policy canvassed the main research, development, performance and 1998 meetings sectoral, environmental, socioeco­ impact assessment of the Center. Two full meetings of the Board nomic and governance issues were held in 1998, including facing ICLARM's target beneficia­ ries. The outputs of this workshop Board composition meetings of the committees, namely the Executive, Program, provided a valuable base of ideas The Board is composed of 13 Audit and Nominating Commit­ that the staff examined in more members, four of whom are ex­ tees. The 13 th Meeting was held detail in forming the first draft of officio, namely, the host country from 9 to 13 March and the 14th the Strategic Plan by the 14th representatives for the Philippines from 27 September to 3 October. Meeting of the Board. Two Board and Egypt, the delegate of the Both were held at ICLARM members, Dr. Mohamed Shariff Director General of FAa and headquarters in Manila. Atten­ and Dr. Ellen Bortei-Doku ICLARM's Director General. At dance records of Trustees are Aryeetey, also attended the main the end of the year, the gender given in the table on page 70. workshop for the Strategic Plan in composition among the elected June 1998. Board members was four women The Chair visited ICLARM on The second activity associated and five men. The composition by 3-6 January 1998 to guide prepara­ th with the Board meetings was a country groups was five from tions for the 13 Meeting and field visit during the 13 th Meeting developing countries and seven discuss the 1998 work program for to the site of the GIFT Foundation from OECD countries. By geo­ the Center and conduct the annual International Inc., at the Central graphic region, it was three each performance assessment of the Luzon State University (CLSU), from Asia, Africa and the Pacific Director General. Munoz, Nueva Ecija. The GIFT Rim, and two each from Europe In addition to a full program of Foundation was formed as a and North America. committee meetings at each Board nonprofit, nonstock foundation to The Board bid farewell to two meeting, a number of activities commercialize the strain of Nile long-time members who com­ were also held to provide opportu­ tilapia, the GIFT strain, produced pleted the maximum term of six nities for the Board to contribute by the GIFT project (1988-1997). years, namely, Dr. Nyle Brady and more to ICLARM's development The project was a partnership lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 67 among the Philippine Bureau of brought in for the workshop. In in Solomon Islands by the Board Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, 1999, the Board will address the Chair and Dr. Soegiarto. the CLSU, the Norwegian re­ results of this self-assessment search agency AKVAFORSK and process. ICLARM. The Board was pleased CGIAR participation to note the good progress being Trustee site visits The Board Chair routinely made in the transition from a attends the two full meetings of successful research project to a All trustees are familiar with the CGIAR each year, namely the ICLARM's headquarters since all business and research enterprise Mid-Term Meeting (MTM) and Board meetings are held there. operating in the private sector. the International Centers Week Many are not familiar with the The third activity was participa­ (ICW). In 1998, the MTM was work conducted at the other sites - tion in an ICLARM Science Day held in Brasilia, Brazil, on 25-29 the outreach sites. Some years ago, held as part of the 14th Meeting in May and the ICW on 26-30 therefore, the Board developed a September. The two themes of the October. Accompanying each program of site visits to ensure a day were the impacts of global meeting were meetings of the certain degree of firsthand knowl­ climate change on aquatic re­ Committee of Board Chairs. edge of ICLARM's work outside sources and environments and the headquarters. In the program, each ICLARM Trustee Ms. Joan issues surrounding genetic re­ of the six sites is visited approxi­ Joshi was active in several CGIAR sources, biotechnology and mately every second year by one or activities during 1998, including as intellectual property rights for more Board members. As far as a panel member for the External aquatic resources. The day pro­ practical, the Board matches the Program and Management vided stimulating presentations special knowledge and expertise of Reviews of the International from ICLARM staff, invited Board members with the work at Center for Research in Agro­ presenters and I CLARM trustees the site, so as to provide profes­ forestry and the International Dr. Shariff and Dr. Aprilani sional insights to those at the site Livestock Research Institute as Soegiarto. The discussions that and also to enable an informed well as assisting the Gender ensued were equally thought­ assessment of the work at the site. Staffing Program of the CGIAR. provoking and contributed greatly At the Board meeting succeeding to Board and staff understanding Professor Dillon continued to the visit, the Board visitors report of the issues as they affect chair the CGIAR Candidate on what they saw and their ICLARM's work. Information System. impressions of performance and And finally, as an addition to impact. The Board was pleased to see the usual Board self evaluation, ICLARM's first full External Prog­ In 1998, the following site visits ram and Management Review the Board conducted a SWOT occurred: to the Regional Research (EPMR) since it joined the CGIAR analysis (strengths, weaknesses, Center for Africa and West Asia in 1992 get off to a solid start in opportunities and threats), after (Abbassa) by Dr. Bortei-Doku September, just prior to the Board the completion of the 14th Meet­ Aryeetey and Ms. Joan Joshi and meeting. ing. A professional facilitator was to the Coastal Aquaculture Centre

68 ICLARM A"-l"-lLiAL REPORT \998 Headquarters site opportunities and uncertainties. the decision on a new headquar- The process for a thorough ters site, with the attendant actions In 1998 the Board continued its evaluation of the alternative sites needed to implement the Board's search for a more appropriate site has been externally reviewed and decisions. The Board is confident for ICLARM's headquarters. In its commended. that living aquatic resources 13 th meeting the Board decided to management (LARM) will in follow a two track approach which Looking back future receive more attention. enabled an intensified search and looking ahead ICLARM is well positioned to within the Philippines but also continue taking a leading role in opened a regional track. The The year 1999 promises to be a the global debate and to shoulder headquarters search is based on a momentous one due to the this task as the only CGIAR center comprehensive set of criteria and a simultaneous completion of the concerned with LARM. careful assessment of sites, new Strategic Plan, the EPMR and Board Members 1998

Name Board Gender Country/ Discipline Nominated Start End ofTenn Committees National by of Term

Aryeetey, E. M-PC; M-NC F Ghana Social Science Board 1125/97 End of I" meeting in 1999 1) Brady, N. M-PC M United States Soil Science Board 5/01192 End of I" meeting in 1998

Christensen, K.R. M-PC F United States Marine Science Board 3114/98 End of I" meeting in 2001 1) (Denmark resident) Dar, W. M-EC M Philippines Agriculture Member Co 7/01198 Indefinite

Dillon, J. V-BOT; M-EC; M Australia Agricultural CGIAR 7/20/93 End of I SI meeting in 19992) M-NC; M-PC Economics Escudero, S. III M-EC M Philippines Veterinary Member Co 2101196 6/30/1998 Medicine

Fujiya, M. M-NC;M-PC M Japan Fisheries Board 5/01192 End of I SI meeting 1998 Garcia, S. M-PC M France Fish Science FAO 5/01193 Indefinite Hassan Khalil, Y. M-EC M Egypt Food Science Member Co 5/01197 Indefinite (Fisheries)

Joshi, J. C-AC;M-EC F United States Management Board 1125/97 End of lSi meeting in 2000 1)

Muthiga, N. M-AC F Kenya Marine Science Board 4121196 End of lSi meeting in 1999 1) Nose, T. M-PC M Japan Aquaculture Board 3/14/98 End of lSi meeting in 2001 I)

Peters, K.J. C-BOT; C-EC; M Germany Agricultural CGIAR 4/01195 End of I SI meeting in 200F) M-AC*; M-Pc*; Science M-NC* Shariff, M. C-NC; M-AC M Malaysia Fisheries Science CGIAR 11101194 End of I" meeting in 20002)

Soegiarto, A. C-PC M Indonesia Marine Science Board 1125/97 End of I" meeting in 2000 1) Williams, M. M-EC; M-PC F Australia Marine Biology Ex Officio 4/05/94 Indefinite

Notes: Board Committee - Acronyms Nominated by: I)First Term C Chair AC Audit Committee Member Co = Nominated by 2)Second Term V Vice Chair EC Executive Committee the Host Government *Ex Officio M Member NC Nominating Committee Ex Officio = Director General BOT = Board of Trustees PC Program Committee

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT \998 69 List of members Dr. William Dar (since July 1998) Dr. Nyawira Muthiga (ex officio) Regional Biodiversity Coordinator Secretary Kenya Wildlife Service Dr. Ellen Bortei-Doku Aryeetey Department of Agriculture Kenya Research Fellow Philippines Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Dr. Takeshi Nose (since April 1998) Research Dr. Salvador Escudero (until June 1998) Adviser University of Ghana (ex officio) National Federation of Fisheries Cooperative Ghana Associations Secretary Japan Dr. Nyle Brady (until March 1998) Department of Agriculture Consultant Philippines Dr. Kurt Johannes Peters Professor USA Dr. Masaru Fujiya (until March 1998) Department of Animal Breeding in the Tropics Consultant Dr. Katherine Richardson Humboldt University Berlin Towa Science Co. Germany Christensen (since April 1998) Japan Research Director Dr. Mohamed Shariff Department of Marine and Coastal Ecology Dr. Serge Garcia (ex officio) Professor Danish Institute of Fisheries Research Director of the Fishery Resources Division Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Denmark Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Science Nations (FAO) Universiti Putra Dr. John L. Dillon Italy Head Malaysia Department of Agricultural Economics and Ms. Joan Joshi Dr. Aprilani Soegiarto Consultant Business Management Research Professor in Oceanology USA University of New England Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Australia Dr. Yehia Hassan Khalil (ex officio) Indonesia Professor Dr. Meryl J. Williams (ex officio) Head of Food Science Department Director General Faculty of Agriculture Ain Shams University International Center for Living Aquatic Arab Republic of Egypt Resources Management Meetings attended in 1998 Philippines

Members Board of Executive Program Audit Nominating HQ Site Trustees Committee Committee Committee Committee Committee (a) Attended Maximum Attended Maximum Attended Maximum Attended Maximum Attended Maximum Attended Maximum Possible Possible Possible Possible Possible Possible Aryeetey, E. 2 2 NM 2 2 NM 2 2 NM Brady, N. (b) NM NM NM NM Christensen, NM 2 2 NM NM NM K.R.!') Dar, W.(d) NM NM NM NM I (b) Dillon, J. 2 2 NM 2 NM Escudero, S. ill (b) NM NM NM NM Fujiya, M.(b) NM NM NM Garcia, S. 2 2 NM 2 2 NM NM NM Hassan Khalil, Y. 2 2 2 2 2 (c) NM NM NM Joshi, J. 2 2 I (a) 2(e) 2 2 NM Muthiga, N. 2 2 NM 2 2 2 2 NM NM Nose, T.(e) NM 2 2 NM NM NM Peters, K. J. 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Shariff, M. 2 2 I(b) 2 (e) NM 2 2 Soegiarto, A. 2 2 NM 2 2 NM NM Williams, M. 2 2 2 2 2 2 NM NM NM

(.) Ad hoc. (e' Also attended the March 1998 meeting as observer. «, Attended as observer. (b) Ended term after March 1998 meeting. (d) Commenced term after 1998 meeting. NM - Nonmember.

70 ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 Staff list Rodolfo Reyes, Jr. - Research Associate Foster Makuwa - Station Manager Crispina Binohlan - Senior Research Yusef Fulaye - Technical Assistant Assistant Alim Montjeza - Technical Assistant Pascualita Sa-a - Senior Research Silas N'sonthi - Technical Assistant Assistant B. Chimbalanga - Field Assistant Armi Torres - Senior Research Assistant B. Chip ire - Field Assistant Cristina Garilao - Research Assistant As of becember 1998, ICLARM M. Gusto - Field Assistant Grace Pablico - Research Assistant employed 322 regular staff from 14 Issa Jaffari - Field Assistant Jose Antonio Falcon - Research Programmer countries. Regular staff are all individuals B. Kalipalire - Field Assistant (left 31 December) holding a full-time, budgeted position F. Lifa - Field Assistant Josephine France Rius - Research which is required by management to meet L. Maluwa - Field Assistant Programmer ICLARM's commitments and Board G. Mwalabu - Field Assistant Grace Coronado - Senior Programmer directives, and whose appointment is L. Pondiya - Field Assistant (left 31 January) normally for more than one year. Alice Laborte - Programmer (left 31 Bangladesh Oflice January) Office of the Director General Satyendra Datt Tripathi - Senior Aquacul­ Rachel Atanacio - Artist Meryl J. Williams - Director General ture Specialist (left 31 July) Ma. Teresa Cruz - Secretary II Josephine Hernandez - Executive Assistant Bijoy Bhushan Debnath - Administrative Cynthia ViIlatIor - Secretary II Violeta Corral - Science and Policy Officer Susan Luna - Consultant Assistant Debashish Mazumder - Research Ma. Catalina Rafiola - Consultant Fanny Haydee LIego - Senior Secretary Associate Eufracia Olamit - Senior Secretary (left 22 Khan Golam Rasul - Accountant Germplasm Enhancement and May) Idris Ali - Messenger Breeding Program Rowshan Ali - Messenger Rex A. Dunham - Program Leader! Project Deyelopment Coordinating Tapan Chandra Sarker - Messenger Senior Scientist Unit Abdur Razzak - Driver Madan M. Dey - Research Scientist Rizalina Camafiag - Project Development Gaspar Bimbao - Research Associate Coordinator Aquatic Environments Program Florabelle Gagalac - Senior Research John W. McManus - Program Leader! Assistant (joined IO March) Senior Scientist Office of the Deputy Director General Ferdinand Paraguas - Senior Research Ma. Carmen Ablan-Lagman - Senior (Programs) Assistant (joined 16 June) Research Associate Peter Gardiner - Deputy Director Perla Virly - Secretary II General/Programs Zoraida Alojado - Research Associate Ma. Concesa Gayanilo - Secretary Ma. Lourdes Hortelano - Senior Secretary Hilly Ann Quiaoit - Research Associate (joined 2 February) Josephine Gaffud - Consultant (left 18 Integrated Aquaculture-Agricultnre November) Sheila Vergara - Research Associate Systems Program Marco Nordeloos - Associate Expert Mark Prein - Program Leader!Senior Emmanuel Cayabyab - Senior Research International Relations Office Scientist Programmer (joined 18 May) Modadugu Y. Gupta - Director Mary Ann Bimbao - Research Associate Irene Uy - Senior Research Programmer Edna Tuico - Secretary II Teresita Lopez - Senior Research Assistant (left 28 February) Roberto Oficial - Research A~sistant Rosenne Funk - Senior Research Assistant Biodiversity and Genetic Resources Farlyz Felix Villanueva - Research Maharlina Luz Gorospe - Senior Program Assistant (left 30 September) Research Assistant (left 15 May) Roger S.Y. Pullin - Program Leader! Estella Kasala - Secretary II (joined 2 Lambert Anthony Mefiez - Senior Principal Scientist February) Research Assistant Rainer Froese - Senior Research Scientist Judith Foronda - Secretary (left 31 Kathleen Patricia Reyes - Senior Research Jan Michael Vakily - Training Coordinator January) Assistant Daniel Pauly - Principal Science Adviser Aileen Del Rosario - Research Assistant Ma. Lourdes Palomares - Software Malawi Oflice (left 31 December) Development and Database Scientist Randall E. Brummett - Project Director Audrey Marie Banzon-Serrano - Research Estelita Emily Capuli - Research Fredson Chikafumbwa - Research Assistant Associate Associate (deceased) Ma. Teresa Rodriguez-Catubig - Research Aide Christine Marie Casal - Research Associate Patience Kananji - Project Assistant Cindy Cabote - Secretary II

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 71 Fisheries Resources Assessment Ma. Lucia Tungala - Secretary (left 15 Ma. Isabelita Redulla - Library Assistant and Management Program March) (left 30 May) ViIly Christensen - Program Leader/ Rosario Yabut - Library Assistant Senior Scientist Bangladesh Office Reynaldo Damalerio - Library Aide Geronimo Silvestre - Research Scientist Paul Thompson - Social Scientist Felimon Gayanilo Jr. - Programming Parvin Sultana - Consultant/Contract International Partnerships and Specialist Research (joined I January) Networks Program Len Garces - Senior Research Associate Nurul Islam - Research Associate Modadugu V. Gupta - Program Leader Lualhati Lachica-Alino - Research Manjurul Kader - Research Associate Belen Acosta - Research Associate Associate Firoz Khan - Research Associate (joined 1 Natalie Macawaris-Ele - Senior Research Francisco Torres Jr. - Senior Research March) Assistant Assistant Nuruzzaman - Research Associate (joined Fredelito Valdez - Research Programmer 1 March) Regional Research Center for Africa Knstme Santos - Research Assistant Arif Hossain - Research Assistant (joined and West Asia I May) Caribbean/Eastern Pacific Office Ishrat J ahan - Research Assistant (joined I Abbassa, Egypt John Munro - Principal Scientist June) Roger Rowe - Deputy Director General! Marguerite Watson - Research Associate Delwar Hossain - Secretary Africa and West Asia Robert Power - Technician III (joined 10 Sabinoy Chakma - Computer Operator John Craig - Principal Scientist March) (joined 1 February) Brian Tierney - Facilities Manager Anthony Peter Roberts - Technician III Khandker Hasib Mahbub - Computer Nader Hassan Ali - Administrative and (left 3 I March) Operator/Programmer (joined I June) Finance Manager Anwarul Islam - Computer Programmer Abdel-Rahaman EI-Gamal - Senior Policv Research and Impact Assess­ (left 8 July 1998) Aquaculture Scientist ment Program Sayeed Karim - Field Investigator (joined Ahmed Said Deyab - Laboratory Mahfuzuddin Ahmed - Program Leader/ 24 May) Manager Semor SCientist Mizanur Rahman - Field Investigator Gamal Othman EI-Naggar - Research Co­ Robert Pomeroy - Senior Research (joined 24 May) ordinator Scientist (left 3 I December) Anwar Hossain - Driver Mahmoud Ali Rizk - Researcher (Genetics) Magnus Torell - Secondment from SIDA Ebtehag Abdel-Razek Kamel - Research Ingvild Harkes - Associate Expert (left 18 Information and Training Program Assistant (Genetics) December) Joanna Kane-Potaka - Program Leader Yaser Mohamed Abdel Hadi - Research Brenda Katon - Consultant/Research Rizalina Castaneda - Secretary II (joined Technician (Aging) Associate 21 November) Ashraf Abdel Rahman Ramadan - Emily Christi Cabegin - Research Research Technician (Genetics) Associate (joined 12 May) Publications Unit Ahmed Hassan Dabour - Administrative Emmanuel Genio Jr. - Research Associate Marie Sol Sadorra-Colocado - Manager Officer Mylene Lorica - Research Associate Rita Kapadia - Senior Editor Tharwat Ismael Dawood - Library Officer (joined I October) Sheila Siar - Assistant Editor Tahany Hosny Abdou Hasoub - Personnel Imelda Revilla - Research Associate (left 5 Ma. Graciela Balleras - Editorial Assistant Officer June) Alma Canuto - Publications Assistant Mohamed Ali Attiah - Accountant Albert Salamanca - Research Associate Rodel Resurreccion - Distribution Clerk Samir Ali Zein Abdeen - Technical (joined I March) Miguel Migallos - Senior Artist (joined 1 Purchasing Representative Rowena Andrea Santos - Research May) Ayman Ibrahim Dousok - Nontechnical Associate Albert Contemprate - Artist Purchasing Representative Maximin Luna - Senior Research Alan Siegfrid Esquillon - Artist Waheed Elwan Mohamed - Fish Stock Assistant Roberto Cada - Artist (left 28 February) Technician Maritess Tiongco - Senior Research Khaled Hussuien Hassan - Laboratory Assistant (left 14 January) Library and lnfonnation Services Supervisor Maricel Gamo-Magtalas - Research Unit Dia Abdel Reheem Kenawy - Laboratory Programmer Rosalinda Temprosa - Manager Technician (Equipment) Gloria Umali - Research Economist Norma Jhocson - Librarian Amr Mohamed N agaawy - Laboratory Anjanette Trinidad-Juan - Secretary II Erlinda Gonzalez - Associate Librarian Technician (Analytical) Lorna ViIlaflor - Secretary II Adelina Mendoza - Library Assistant

72 lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 Moustafa Abdel Mohsen Ibrahim - Labor­ Zakaria Mohamed Badawi - Pond Worker Amr Ahmed Khidr - Assistant Adminis­ atory Technician (Analytical) Said AbdeI Samie Mohamed - Pond trative and Finance Manager Rizk Fathy Mohamed - Ponds and Worker Khaled Nour Eldin Basiouny - Informa­ Grounds Supervisor AdeI Hassan Darwish - Pond Worker tion Technology and Computer Mohamed Yehia Abou Zaid - Laboratory Abdel Kereem Abdel Megeed Mohd. - Supervisor Technician (Fish Food) Pond Worker Abdel Hai Hassan El Sobki - Assistant Essam Abdel Salam Mourad - Accoun­ Abdullah Mohamed Abdullah - Pond Ponds and Grounds Supervisor tant/Cashier Worker Mandour Rabie - Engineering Services Abdel Hakeem Attia Mahmoud - Senior Othman Fatehi Mahdi - Pond Worker Technician Engineering Technician Fawzi Mohamed Hassan - Pond Worker Abdel Nabbi Abbas - Ponds Services Mohamed Abdel-Nabi Abdel Mahdi - Coastal Aquaculture and Assistant Pond Worker Stock Enhancement Program Abdel-Megeed Hussien Attiah - General Mahmoud Abdou Mousa - Pond Worker Worker Wahba Mohamed SeIiem - Pond Worker Solomon Islands Ali Rizk Attia - General Worker Abdel Nabbi Farag AI sayed - House- Johann Bell - Program Leader/Senior Mahmoud Hassan El-Naggar - Engineer­ keeper Scientist ing Services Supervisor Ali Ibrahim Ghareeb - Housekeeper Stephen Battaglene - Aquaculture Scientist Nasser Mohamed Darwish - Engineering Mohamed AIsayed Teialab - Storekeeper Annie Mercier - Senior Research Services Technician Amira Mohd Ibrahim - Senior Secretary Associate Gamal Eldin Abdullah - Storekeeper Abeer Ahmed Harb - Secretary Evizel Seymour - Research Associate Mahfouz Mohamed Alzainy - Store Abdullah Mohamed Abdel-Aal - Diesel Stephanie Pallay - Information Officer Control Officer Mechanic Feral Lasi - Scientific Assistant Mohamed AI Hussainy Abdel Ghany - Gameel Abdullah Khalil - Heavy Christian Ramofafia - Scientific Assistant Storekeeper Equipment Driver Hugo Tafea - Scientific Assistant Ahmed Mohamed Ali - Pickup Driver Ibrahim AbdeI Aaty Mohmed - Pond Aniel Giza - Administrative Assistant Abdelnasser Mohamed - Mechanical Worker/Tractor Driver (joined 2 I September) Workshop Technician Karam Ahmed Khalil - Engineering Rayner Pitt - Manager Efat Ahmed Sayed Ahmed - Mechanical Services Technician Idris Lane - Assistant Manager Workshop Supervisor Mohamed Abdel-Aziz Attiah - Workshop Cletus Oengpepa - Assistant Manager Mohamed Mahmoud Hassan - Bus Administrative Assistant Jennifer Ago - Marketing Assistant Driver Mohamed Alsaid Abdel-Hamid - (joined 23 February) Mamdouh Mohamed Deibis - Gasoline Mechanical Workshop Technician Jane Battaglene - Marketing Assistant Mechanic Mohamed Alsaid Abdel-Rahman - Charlie Hila - Marketing Assistant (joined Waheed Abdel Rahman - Workshop Gasoline Mechanic 23 February) Senior Technician Fatehy Abdullah Mohamed - House­ Kathy Launa - Finance and Administra­ Abdel Aziz Radwam - Pond Worker / keeper tive Officer Tractor Driver Ibrahim Ahmed Mahmoud - Engineering Stenner Pitasua - Administrative Assistant Abdullah Mohamed Hassan - Pond Services Helper (left 30 August) Worker/Tractor Driver Mamdouh Khalil Ibrahim - Engineering Joseph H Boraule - Purchasing Officer/ Fatehi Ahmed Abdullah - Pond Worker/ Services Helper Technical Aide Tractor Driver Mohamed Mahdi Khateeb - Engineering Henry Rota - Purchasing Officer / Mohamed Hafez Alsayed - General Services Helper Technical Aide Worker Talaat Mohamed Abdullah - Pond Worker Andrew Peli - Foreperson Hussien Zarie Hussien - Landscaping Ahmed Abdou Ahmed - Workshop John Suli - Foreperson Worker Technician Helper Derek Kalea - Carpenter Seliem Eliwah - Landscaping Foreman Samia Mahmoud Gommaa - Adminis­ Ezekiel Jones - General Mechanic Shawki Mohamed Abouzied - Landscap­ trative Secretary Fabian Matanikusika - Assistant Mechanic ing Worker Heba Fouad Ayoub - Secretary/ Margaret Kosui - Secretary (joined 14 Abdullah Mohamed Ibrahim - Landscap­ Receptionist September) ing Worker Raafat Ayad Soliman - Project Engineer Maxwell Sau - Senior Technical Aide Hedaia Mohamed Ahmed - Landscaping Mohamed Zuhair El-Koumy - Assistant Jerome M Boraule - Technical Aide Worker Facilities Manager Alfred Lau - Technical Aide Haggag Hassan Haggag - Pond Worker Mohamed Ibrahim Abdel-Hadi - Paul Mercy - Technical Aide Khairy Ibrahim Mohamed - Pond Worker Engineering Services Technician Joseph Olisia - Technical Aide

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 73 Jimmy Rolland - Technical Aide Abcelyn Solidum - General Accountant Compnter Services Unit Mason Tauku - Technical Aide (left 15 May) Cristina M. Carpio - Information Thomas Teltoi - Technical Aide Ronabeth Icabandi - Cashier Technology Manager Charles Toihere - Technical Aide Merlie Beringuel - Accounting Clerk Allan Sesbreno - Assistant LAN Adminis­ Tom Kavety - Trainee Technical Aide trator Margaret Faikiri - Tour Guide (left 30 Liaison and Administrative Unit Romeo Oite - Computer Technician August) Paulino V. Manese - Manager Ribeka Manisava - Tour Guide Esperanza M. Sadiua - Management Mary Naomi - Tour Guide (left 30 Associate August) Ma. Gemma Calderon - Administrative Dorothy Rossivia - Tour Guide (joined Assistant 20 June) Cirilo Federigan Jr. - Administrative Beverly Tapu - Receptionist/Typist Assistant Riko Kell - Typist (left 31 July) Ma. Clotilde G. Alcantara - Purchasing Moana Pelu - Typist (left February) Assistant Priscilla Anga - Cleaner/Gardener Belen R. Dagmil - Communications Clerk Julia Kakau - Cleaner/Gardener Remedios Ugalde - Secretary I Asneth Kusu - Cleaner/Gardener (joined Hazel Grace M. Tardo - Receptionist/ 1 February) Telephone Operator Grace Dalei - Gardener/Cleaner Dominador Gomez - Mechanic/Driver Anna V. Mansuhuna - Gardener/Cleaner Benjamin Bayron - Driver Medlyn Peli - Gardener/Cleaner Norberto Cabrera - Driver Teabi Teitoi - Gardener Florentino Paulino - Driver Rhoda Annisa - Tea Person (joined 1 Pedrosino Catubig - Office Aide/ March) Messenger Timothy Lini - Laborer Hermenegildo Magsino - Office Aide/ George Lionel - Laborer Messenger Texley Meve - Laborer Emmanuel San Juan - Office Aide/ Solomon Saeti - Laborer Messenger Victor Simi - Laborer Jimson Te'esanau - Laborer Planning and Budget Unit Liz Fernandez - Planning and Budget Corporate Services Division Supervisor Edward N. Sayegh - Associate Director Lorna Lou T. Arenas - Program and General Budget Assistant Rachel C. Josue - Personal Assistant Nylofar Celia Gonzalez - Program and Budget Assistant Finance and Management Milagros Irene Robel - Program and Information Unit Budget Assistant Josefina Huldong - Manager (left 15 May) Finance and Administrative Systems Loriza Dagdag - Manager (joined 17 Rainelda Ampil - Assistant Manager August) (joined 30 March) Arlene Balane - Assistant Manager Samuel Adalia - Programmer Maruja Ventura - Project Accounting Supervisor Human Resources Unit Edita Artates - Senior General Accountant Arnt Tore Valsvik - Manager Grace Marie Batario - Senior Project Isabelle Ma. Ambat - Management Accountant Associate (joined 2 June) Napoleon M. Bulaquino - Project Susan Ballad-David - Management Accountant Associate (left 16 March) Mildred Pepito - Project Accountant Angelica Dayapan-David - Human Elizabeth Jacildo - General Accountant Resources Assistant (joined 15 June)

74 ICLARM A~NUAL REPORT 1998 ACRONYMS

Acronums BGRP Biodiversity and ment of the Flora and Genetic Resources Fauna in the Gulf of Program Fonesca BMZ Bundesministerium fur CRED Centre for Resource Wirstchaftliche and Environment Zusammenarbeit Development ACIAR Australian Centre for BRAC Bangladesh Rural (Bangladesh) International Agricul­ Advancement CRIFI Central Research tural Research Committee Institute for Fisheries, ACP African, Caribbean BRRI Bangladesh Rice Indonesia and Pacific Research Institute CTA Technical Centre for ADB Asian Development BVI British Virgin Islands Agricultural and Rural Bank Cooperation CAC Coastal Aquaculture AEP Aquatic Environments Centre (Solomon cru CanTho University Program Islands) (Vietnam) AFS American Fisheries CARICOM Caribbean Community DA Department of Society; Asian Agriculture Fisheries Society CASEP Coastal Aquaculture and Stock Enhance- DANIDA Danish internatlOnal AFSSRN Asian Fisheries Social ment Program Development Science Research Assistance Network CBFM Community-Based Fisheries Management DARE Department of AIARC Association of Inter­ Agricultural and national Agricultural CEASDES Center for the Environ- Resource Economics Research Centers ment and Social Studies on Sustainable DEGITA Dissemination and AIT Asian Institute of Development Evaluation of Geneti­ Technology (Thailand) cally Improved Tilapia CEC Commission of the in Asia AKVAFORSK Institute of Aquacul­ European Communities ture Research of DENR Department of Environ­ Norway CERED Center for Environment ment and Natural Re­ Research, Education sources (Philippines) ALCOM Aquaculture for Local and Development Community Develop­ DfID Department for Inter­ ment Programme CFPQ Community Forestry national Development Project Quirino (formerly ODA), UK APAARI Asian-Pacific (Philippines) Association of DGF Directorate General of Agricultural Research CGIAR Consultative Group on Fisheries Institutes International Agricul- tural Research DIFRES Danish Institute of APSF Australia and Pacific Fisheries Research Science Foundation CHC Canadian High Commission DMC Developing member­ ASI Advanced scientific countries institutions CIFA Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture DOF Department of BCMELP British Columbia Fisheries CMFRI Central Marine Ministry of Environ­ EPOMEX Program of Ecology, ment, Lands and Parks Fisheries Research Institute Fisheries and Ocean­ BFAR Bureau of Fisheries ography of the Gulf of and Aquatic Resources CNRS Center for Natural Mexico Resource Studies (Philipp ines) ESCAP Economic and Social BFRI Bangladesh Fisheries CODDEFAGOLF Committeee for the Commission for Asia Research Institute Defense and Develop- and the Pacific

ICLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 75 EU European Union lAB Institute of Aquatic Bio- IRRI International Rice EU-STABEX European Union logy (recently renamed Research Institute Program to Stabilize Water Resources Research (Philippines) Institute, Ghana) Export Earnings ISNAR International Service FAC/CLSU Freshwater Aquacul- ICAR Indian Council of for National Agricul- ture Center of the Agriculture Research tural Research Central Luzon State ICZM Integrated Coastal ITP Information and University (Philippines) Zone Management Training Program FAO Food and Agricul- IDA Institute for Develop- IUCN World Conservation ture Organization of ment Anthropology Union the United Nations IDB Inter-American JCU James Cook University FAO-RAP Food and Agricul- Development Bank JICA Japan International ture Organization- IDPPE Institute for Develop- Cooperation Agency Regional Office for ment of Small-scale Asia and the Pacific KfW Kreditanstalt fur Fisheries W iedera vfban FCRI/HAKI Fish Culture Research IDRC International Develop- Institute (Hungary) MacArthur John D and Catherine ment Research Centre Foundation T MacArthur FRAMP Fisheries Resources (Canada) Foundation Assessment and IFAD International Fund for Management Program MAF Ministry of Agricul- Agricultural Develop- ture and Fisheries FRI Fisheries Research ment Institute MAGFAD Malawi-German IFM Institute for Fisheries Fisheries and FSP Fisheries Sector Management and Aquaculture Develop- Program Coastal Community ment Project GBRMPA Great Barrier Reef Development MINCOOP French Ministry of Marine Park Authority IFPRI International Fooc\ Cooperation GCRMN Global Coral Reef Policy Research MOF Ministry of Fisheries Monitoring Network Institute MOU Memorandum of GEBP Germplasm Enhance- IIMI International Irrigation Understanding ment and Breeding Management Institute Program IIRR International Institute MRAG Marine Resources Assessment Group GHK University of Kassel for Rural Reconstruction (London) GIFT Genetic Improvement INFO FISH Intergovernmental Organization for MRC Mekong River of Farmed Tilapias Marketing Information Commission GoFAR Group of Fisheries and and Technical Advisory MTM Mid-term Meeting Aquatic Research Services for Fishery MTP Medium-term Plan GTZ Deutsche Gesellschaft Products in Asia and fur Technische Pacific Region NACA Network of Aquacul- ture Centres in Asia- Zusammenarbeit, INGA International Network Pacific GmbH (German on Genetics in Aqua- Agency for Technical culture NAGRI National Aquaculture Cooperation) Genetics Research IPGRI International Plant Institute IAA Integrated Agriculture- Genetic Resources Aquaculture Institute (Italy) NARS National aquatic (or agriculture) research IAASP Integrated Aquacul- IPNP International Partner- systems ture-Agriculture ships and Networks Systems Program Program

76 ICLARt\,~ A~'lLiAL REPORT 1998 NASA National Aeronautics RlMP Research Institute for UM Universiti Malaya and Space Administra- Marine Fisheries (Malaysia); University tion (Indonesia) of Malawi NCAR National Center for RVAU Royal Veterinary and UN United Nations Atmospheric Research Agricultural University UNCLOS United Nations (Denmark) NFFTRC National Freshwater Conference on the Fisheries Technology SBMA Subic Bay Metropolitan Law of the Sea Research Center Authority UNDP United Nations (Philippines) SEAFDEC-AQD Southeast Asian Development NGO Nongovernment Fisheries Development Programme organization(s) Center - Aquaculture UNE University of New Department NIFTC National Inland England Fisheries Technology SEARCA Southeast Asian UNEP United Nations Center Regional Center for Environment Graduate Study and NORAGRlC/ Norwegian Center for Programme NORAD International Agricul- Research in Agriculture UP University of the tural Development SEED Sustainable Energy Philippines NRS Nationally recruited and Environmental UPLB University of the staff Division (UNDP) Philippines at Los SGRP System-wide Genetic NSC North Sea Centre Banos (Denmark) Resources Program UP-MSI University of the SIDA Swedish International NTAS Network of Tropical Philippines - Marine Development Aquaculture Scientists Science Institute Cooperation Agency NTFS Network of Tropical UPV University of the SIFAR Strategy for Interna- Fisheries Scientists Philippines in the tional Fisheries and Visayas OARD Office of Agriculture Aquatic Research Research URI University of Rhode SINGER System-wide Informa- PCAMRD Island Philippine Council for tion Network on Aquatic and Marine Genetic Resources USAID United States Agency Research and for International SLFSDP Sri Lanka Fisheries Development Development Sector Development PCE - Population, Consump- Project USDA United States Depart- tion and the Environ- ment of Agriculture SP-PRCA System-wide Initiatives ment Forest Service Rights and Collective PISCES Population Interdepen- Action USFRF University of South dencies in the South Florida Research SWIM System-wide Initiative China Sea Ecosystem Foundation Inc. on Water Management PO Peoples' Organizations WCMC World Conservation IDC Tambuyog Develop- PRIAP Monitoring Centre Policy Research and ment Center Impact Assessment WRI World Resources TNC The Nature Conser- Program Institute vancy PSU Prince of Songkla ZIM Zoological Institute UBC University of British University and Zoological Columbia (Canada) RAMP Rapid Assessment of Museum (University Management Parameters UK ODA United Kingdom of Hamburg) Overseas Develop- ment Administration

lCLARM ANNUAL REPORT 1998 77