470 Class Sail Tuning / Mast Setting Guide
North Sails Japan, Inc. Ver.0.010 Contents
1. Numerical Analysis of Sail Shape 2. Mast Setting (Pre-Bend Condition) 2-a. Spreader Deflection 2-b. Mast Rake 2-c. Mast Step 2-d. Side Stay Tension 3. Mast Setting (Sailing Condition) 3-a. Spreader Deflection 3-b. Side Stay Tension 4. Main Sail Trim 4-a. Main Sheet 4-b. Vang 4-c. Outhaul 4-d. Cunningham 4-e. Puller 5. Jib Sail Trim 5-a. Jib Leader 5-b. Jib Tack Numerical Analysis of Sail Shape
Paralleled Line to the Boom
Boom
1. Camber： Parameter of sail depth in % of chord length 2. Draft： Parameter of maximum depth position in % of chord length 3. Twist： Parameter of chord angle to the boom 4. Entry： Parameter of the leading edge angle of sail to the chord 5. Exit： Parameter of the trailing edge angle of sail to the chord
2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Numerical Analysis of Sail Shape
Paralleled Line to the Boom ①
Boom
1. Camber： Parameter of sail depth in % of chord length 2. Draft： Parameter of maximum depth position in % of chord length 3. Twist： Parameter of chord angle to the boom 4. Entry： Parameter of the leading edge angle of sail to the chord 5. Exit： Parameter of the trailing edge angle of sail to the chord
2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Numerical Analysis of Sail Shape
②
Boom
1. Camber： Parameter of sail depth in % of chord length 2. Draft： Parameter of maximum depth position in % of chord length 3. Twist： Parameter of chord angle to the boom 4. Entry： Parameter of the leading edge angle of sail to the chord 5. Exit： Parameter of the trailing edge angle of sail to the chord
2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Numerical Analysis of Sail Shape
③
Boom
1. Camber： Parameter of sail depth in % of chord length 2. Draft： Parameter of maximum depth position in % of chord length 3. Twist： Parameter of chord angle to the boom 4. Entry： Parameter of the leading edge angle of sail to the chord 5. Exit： Parameter of the trailing edge angle of sail to the chord
2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Numerical Analysis of Sail Shape
④
Boom
1. Camber： Parameter of sail depth in % of chord length 2. Draft： Parameter of maximum depth position in % of chord length 3. Twist： Parameter of chord angle to the boom 4. Entry： Parameter of the leading edge angle of sail to the chord 5. Exit： Parameter of the trailing edge angle of sail to the chord
2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Numerical Analysis of Sail Shape
⑤
Boom
1. Camber： Parameter of sail depth in % of chord length 2. Draft： Parameter of maximum depth position in % of chord length 3. Twist： Parameter of chord angle to the boom 4. Entry： Parameter of the leading edge angle of sail to the chord 5. Exit： Parameter of the trailing edge angle of sail to the chord
2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Numerical Analysis of Sail Shape **** Shape Graphs ****
Camber
18.0% Deep Vertical Axis 17.0% Item Bigger Smaller 16.0% Camber Deep Flat 15.0% Draft Fore Aft 14.0% 13.0%
Twist Open Close 12.0% Entry Wide Narrow 11.0% Exit Open Close 10.0% 9.0% Standard Trim 8.0% Flat Main Sheet -5kg 7.0% Main Sheet +5kg 6.0% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Bottom Top Horizontal25% Axis 0%50% … Bottom of Sail 75% … Bottom Stripe 100% … Middle Stripe … Top Stripe … Top of Sail
2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Numerical Analysis of Sail Shape **** Minor Stress Map ****
Wrinkles Wrinkles are observed in Minor Stress Map
2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. 470 Class Mast Setting (Pre-Bend Condition)
North Sails Japan, Inc. Mast Setting
Spreader Deflection
2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Spreader Deflection
Pre-Bend, Deflection Spreader Length 460mm, Rake = 6720mm, SideStay = 290kg
140.0
120.0
100.0
80.0
60.0 Pre-Bend
20.0
0.0 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 155 Deflection
2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Spreader Deflection
Pre-Bend, Deflection Spreader Length 460mm, Rake = 6720mm, SideStay = 290kg
140.0
120.0
100.0
80.0
60.0 Pre-Bend
20.0
0.0 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 155 Deflection
2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Spreader Deflection
Pre-Bend, Deflection Spreader Length 460mm, Rake = 6720mm, SideStay = 290kg
140.0
120.0
100.0
80.0
60.0 Pre-Bend
20.0
0.0 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 155 Deflection
2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Spreader Deflection
Pre-Bend, Deflection Spreader Length 460mm, Rake = 6720mm, SideStay = 290kg
140.0
120.0
100.0
80.0
60.0 Pre-Bend
20.0
0.0 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 155 Deflection
2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Mast Rake
2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Mast Rake
Pre-Bend, Rake Spreader Length 460mm, Deflection = 120mm, SideStay = 290kg 70.0
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0 Pre-Bend 10.0 0.0 6620 6640 6660 6680 6700 6720 6740 6760 6780 6800 6820 Rake 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Mast Rake Pre-Bend, Rake Spreader Length 460mm, Deflection = 120mm, SideStay = 290kg 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 Pre-Bend 10.0 0.0 6620 6640 6660 6680 6700 6720 6740 6760 6780 6800 6820 Rake 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Mast Rake Pre-Bend, Rake Spreader Length 460mm, Deflection = 120mm, SideStay = 290kg 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 Pre-Bend 10.0 0.0 6620 6640 6660 6680 6700 6720 6740 6760 6780 6800 6820 Rake 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Mast Step 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Mast Step Pre-Bend, Mast Step Spreader Length 460mm, Deflection = 120mm, SideStay = 290kg, Rake = 90.0 6720mm 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 Pre-Bend 20.0 10.0 0.0 3050 3060 3070 3080 3090 3100 3110 3120 Mast Step Position 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Mast Step Pre-Bend, Mast Step Spreader Length 460mm, Deflection = 120mm, SideStay = 290kg, Rake = 90.0 6720mm 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 Pre-Bend 20.0 10.0 0.0 3050 3060 3070 3080 3090 3100 3110 3120 Mast Step Position 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Mast Step Pre-Bend, Mast Step Spreader Length 460mm, Deflection = 120mm, SideStay = 290kg, Rake = 90.0 6720mm 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 Pre-Bend 20.0 10.0 0.0 3050 3060 3070 3080 3090 3100 3110 3120 Mast Step Position 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Side Stay Tension 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Side Stay Tension Pre-Bend, Side Stay Tension Spreader Length 460mm, Rake = 6720mm, Deflection = 120mm 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 Pre-Bend 10.0 0.0 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 SideSt ay T en sio n 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Side Stay Tension Pre-Bend, Side Stay Tension Spreader Length 460mm, Rake = 6720mm, Deflection = 120mm 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 Pre-Bend 10.0 0.0 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 SideSt ay T en sio n 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Side Stay Tension Pre-Bend, Side Stay Tension Spreader Length 460mm, Rake = 6720mm, Deflection = 120mm 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 Pre-Bend 10.0 0.0 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 SideSt ay T en sio n 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. 470 Class Mast Setting (Sailing Condition) North Sails Japan, Inc. Mast Setting Spreader Deflection 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Spreader Deflection Camber 18.0% Deep 17.0% 16.0% 15.0% 14.0% 13.0% 12.0% 11.0% 10.0% 9.0% Deflection 120mm 8.0% Deflection 135mm Flat 7.0% Deflection 150mm 6.0% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Spreader Deflection Draft 56.0% Back 54.0% 52.0% 50.0% 48.0% 46.0% 44.0% Deflection 120mm Deflection 135mm 42.0% Deflection 150mm Front 40.0% 38.0% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Spreader Deflection Twist 30.0 Open 25.0 20.0 15.0 10.0 Deflection 120mm Close 5.0 Deflection 135mm Deflection 150mm 0.0 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Spreader Deflection Entry 50.0 Wide 45.0 40.0 35.0 30.0 25.0 20.0 15.0 Deflection 120mm Narrow 10.0 Deflection 135mm 5.0 Deflection 150mm 0.0 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Spreader Deflection Exit -5.0 Deflection 120mm Open Deflection 135mm -10.0 Deflection 150mm -15.0 -20.0 -25.0 Close -30.0 -35.0 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Spreader Deflection Spreader Deflection: 120mm 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Spreader Deflection Spreader Deflection: 135mm 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Spreader Deflection Spreader Deflection: 150mm 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Spreader Deflection Spreader Deflection: 120mm 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Spreader Deflection Spreader Deflection: 135mm 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Spreader Deflection Spreader Deflection: 150mm 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Side Stay Tension 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Side Stay Tension Camber 18.0% Deep 17.0% 16.0% 15.0% 14.0% 13.0% 12.0% 11.0% 10.0% 9.0% Side Tension 294kg 8.0% Side Tension 229kg Flat 7.0% Side Tension 349kg 6.0% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Side Stay Tension Draft 56.0% Back 54.0% Side Tension 294kg 52.0% Side Tension 229kg 50.0% Side Tension 349kg 48.0% 46.0% 44.0% 42.0% 40.0% Front 38.0% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Side Stay Tension Twist 30.0 Open 25.0 20.0 15.0 10.0 Side Tension 294kg 5.0 Side Tension 229kg Close Side Tension 349kg 0.0 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Side Stay Tension Entry 50.0 Wide 45.0 40.0 35.0 30.0 25.0 20.0 15.0 Side Tension 294kg 10.0 Side Tension 229kg Narrow 5.0 Side Tension 349kg 0.0 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Side Stay Tension Exit -5.0 Side Tension 294kg Open -10.0 Side Tension 229kg Side Tension 349kg -15.0 -20.0 -25.0 -30.0 Close -35.0 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Side Stay Tension Side Stay Tension : 229kg 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Side Stay Tension Side Stay Tension : 294kg 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Mast Setting Side Stay Tension Side Stay Tension : 349kg 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. 470 Class Main Sail Trim North Sails Japan, Inc. Main Sail Trim Main Sheet Tension 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Main Sheet Tension Camber 18.0% Deep 17.0% 16.0% 15.0% 14.0% 13.0% 12.0% 11.0% 10.0% 9.0% Standard Trim 8.0% Flat Main Sheet -5kg 7.0% Main Sheet +5kg 6.0% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Main Sheet Tension Draft 56.0% Back 54.0% Standard Trim 52.0% Main Sheet -5kg Main Sheet +5kg 50.0% 48.0% 46.0% 44.0% 42.0% Front 40.0% 38.0% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Main Sheet Tension Twist 30.0 Open 25.0 20.0 15.0 10.0 Standard Trim 5.0 Main Sheet -5kg Close Main Sheet +5kg 0.0 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Main Sheet Tension Entry 50.0 Wide 45.0 40.0 35.0 30.0 25.0 20.0 15.0 Standard Trim Narrow 10.0 Main Sheet -5kg 5.0 Main Sheet +5kg 0.0 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Main Sheet Tension Exit -5.0 Standard Trim Open Main Sheet -5kg -10.0 Main Sheet +5kg -15.0 -20.0 -25.0 Close -30.0 -35.0 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Main Sheet Tension Main Sheet: Normal Trim –5kg 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Main Sheet Tension Main Sheet: Normal Trim 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Main Sheet Tension Main Sheet: Normal Trim +5kg 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Main Sheet Tension Main Sheet: Normal Trim –5kg 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Main Sheet Tension Main Sheet: Normal Trim 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Main Sheet Tension Main Sheet: Normal Trim +5kg 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Vang Tension 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Vang Tension Camber 18.0% Deep 17.0% 16.0% 15.0% 14.0% 13.0% 12.0% 11.0% 10.0% 9.0% Standard Trim 8.0% Flat Vang 15mm 7.0% Vang 30mm 6.0% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Vang Tension Draft 56.0% Back 54.0% Standard Trim 52.0% Vang 15mm Vang 30mm 50.0% 48.0% 46.0% 44.0% 42.0% Front 40.0% 38.0% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Vang Tension Twist 30.0 Open 25.0 20.0 15.0 10.0 Standard Trim 5.0 Vang 15mm Close Vang 30mm 0.0 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Vang Tension Entry 50.0 Wide 45.0 40.0 35.0 30.0 25.0 20.0 15.0 Standard Trim Narrow 10.0 Vang 15mm 5.0 Vang 30mm 0.0 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Vang Tension Exit -5.0 Standard Trim Open Vang 15mm -10.0 Vang 30mm -15.0 -20.0 -25.0 Close -30.0 -35.0 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bottom Top 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc. Main Sail Trim Vang Tension Vang: Normal Trim 2004 Copyright, North Sails Japan Inc.