VPU4^.mg. UNION COURT DRAMA A COURTROOM DRAMA: unfolded last week in Magistrate Court no 5. as a direct result of an action packed Union CounciJ Meeting. In flie dock was the nervous Dick Shearman charged with aggravated assault upon the person of St. Lucia Part-time Vice President, Anne White. It was alleged that Shearman threw a going to get out of this.' he grimaced to "" quantity of water over Miss White which of Semper News. course constituted assault. Anne White, an Below: This is a copy of a letter sent by Ms. Anne White to the Qld. Law Society. Prosecution witnesses, included the well attractive redhead, dressed tastefully in a Ron Finney who works full-time for Aboriginal Legal Aid, defending the poor and un­ known, honest and reliable Paul G. Tully. short skirt, sobbed a little as she related employed is also Union Honorary Solicitor. Anne White opposed his appointment late TuUy, a well dressed public servant with last year. Note as in the Evening Student the other councillor over whom water was bitter memories of the viscious incident. the Education Dept., gave a solid account of thrown is not named. Without cause Shearman had thrown up to a what occurred. Tully has had considerable quart of water over her. experience as a prosecution witness such as Shearman, a well known shifty eyed foul when he testifyed at the National U. mouthed gap toothed, habitually lying obscenity trial earlier this year. He stood April 27 1973 radical, smiled cunningly as he told of how motionless in the witness box, reeling off r Tho Secretary Queensland Law Society he had thrown a glass of water over the facts. said Miss White around the same time that Incorporated she had punched him in the back. He was The proceedings lasted a day and ended QANTAS House 28S Queen Street backed up by other well known human abruptly when the Magistrate turned sternly BRISBANE QLD 4000 refuse such as Jim Beatson, described towards the defendant and in effect said: recently by Matt English as one of the "Witnesses generally tended to see things as they would have liked them to have been manipulative persons on campus. Beatson Dear Sir a squmty eyed near hunched back, rather than perhaps they were." He gave described how he saw the action from the the defendant the benefit of the doubt that At the Annual General HeetinK of the University of Queensland (appropriately) back door of Union Council. the water was thrown accidently and dis­ Union a Mr Ron Finney VAS appointed to the position of University of Qucenslnnd Union .Solicitor. The prosecution pricked up their ears and missed the case. summoned Bill Abrahams all the way from Ill ny position as Part Time Vice Prc-iJent of the t/nion, I have St. Lucia with maps of the Union Building. It's not up to mc to question the the responsibility for pubiishinf, a newslettor, 'Tne Evening It seems that Beatson may not have been Magistrate's judgement and say that Student". In the March 1973 issue (enclosed) I vTotc an analysis of and coiMientory on the current Union bud^tet. As part of ay able to sec what he saw from where he Shearman should have got Ufe and Beatson coraRcnt on what I considered to be the wistfful .•vpimdlnp I said he was standing. should have been hotsc-whipped guilty or mentioned that the legal aid fund was being used to defend Dick no. Some people might see taking someone Ann White giggled to the prospect prose­ Shearman on an assault charge arising cut of a Council meeting to court over water throwing as it's trivial, cutor, "We've got Beatson for perjury. . . tee, at which Sheanian threw water over another council.''.or. almost inesponsible behaviour, but those hee, hee,!" people arc wrong, my friends. WE at Hr Firncy, acting for Sheaiwan, rang the Honorary .'lecretary of the Shearman looked worried as he lounged Semper News stand shoulder to shoulder tlQU to Inform him that this matter was "sub Judlce"and that it would bf a breach of the law to publish and dlstrltmte it. around in his ill-fitting suit, hands stuffed with Anne White fot purity, honesty and loutishly into the badly cut pockets. "I'm the all Australian way. hlien I rang the Ihiion's duly appointed solicitor tho sane Hr Finney, I was told by him that as he was acting on benalf of Suearnian he could only re-iterate his original connunication - the natter was sub Judice and could not lie published. As the position of Union Solicitor is not an lionorary appointment, 'NATIONAL U' CENSORED would it not be reasonable to expect that a solicitor retained to act for the Union should be available to us when retjuireJ, further That the Union solicitor could reasonably be expected not to take An article on Tasmanian Labor corruption 2. Mr H.E. Cosgrove, the leading Tasmanian on a client whose case would obviously he In direct conflict with ('Tasmanian politics: There's a rotten barrister who headed by the pro-TAB an established client's interest. apple in every case") was censored in the movement, and was. engaged by the con­ June 18th issue of "National U". (p. 5,7). servation movement in the Precipitous I would appreciate it if the Law Society could consider this situation and give some Indication of whether this Is ethictl The article led from allegations made by Bluff case, was named by Reece as the behaviour on the part of the solicitor concerned. Tun THorne, a member of the State Labor Stale's first Crown Advocate so that Party and directed to the Tasmanian "Cosgrove was effectively removed from Yours faithfully Minister for Education, Billy Neildon, on a the arena". (Tasmanian) TDT program, "Cabinet Faces 3. The endorsement of candidates for the the North", broadcast on May llth. 1972 election was an "Uiegal endorsement". Ann J White Thome asked the minister whether it was 4. Kevin Lyons, at the time the only Part Tine_ Vi_cj5^ President "a fact that he (Neilson). personally parliamentary member of the Centre Party, accepted money from either the Tasmanian UNi\TrvniTY OF QiiEn,'i.siAvn UNION which held the balance of power in the Bookmaker's Association or individual State parliament, resigned a week later bookmakers in order to prevent the than was commonly expected, on the 7th adoption of TAB in this state." While the Match, 1972. "The reason for this was that National U article questioned "whether the the Tuesday before the 7 th of March (when choice of Neilson was appropriate in his resignation was expected) was a couple connection with the charge", it maintained of days before his 23 years of membership that "the possibility still exists of substantial of Parliament had elapsed. By retiring on charges being laid against certain members the 7th he became eligible for full pension handles gambling interests both on the the senior ALP MP is now crapped off of the government* over such issues". rights on voluntary retirement". mainland and in Tasmania to a Cabinet and is talking about the deals that went off. The article further stated that it has been Minister before the elections to see him. "rumoured that at least 9 and probably 5. The Centre Party was a group of northern Before the election came off, the senior We feel this information should be 12 members* of the Labor Party and 3* Liberals "who were secretly affiliated with ALP MP went over to the mainland, and published, for as the National U article concluded (though this was deleted as Liberals each took a large sum of money the Country Party". mvitcd the ALP MP to go with him (the well). . ." (he extent to which past and from the bookies before the elections." ALP MP declined) and came back 6. The "story", referred to in National U, present Tasmanian politicians have breached with $18,000 in a bag. The National U story pointed out that relating to negotiations between a senior the law in bribing and accepting bribes, and "political convention in most Stales allows ALP MP and bookies and mainland gambling The bookies were willing lo pay to gel the probability that opposing and outside for secret party slush funds (SPSF) whereby interests was "that an MP was open to an out of Parliament the MP who had pre­ interests brought down the Bethune secretly donated monies can be incor­ approach and the ALP MP chased him viously been in a position whereby he government by bribary remain open porated for the use of the party without around Tasmania and made the intial con­ could infiuence the Parliament on this questions. . ." and these questions will not having to account for them. . . It is said tact with him. He set up a meeting in the issue, because they had received a guarantee be resolved unless all the accusations, that over the last 5 years in Tasmania, the senior ALP MP's office in late August ot from the senior ALP MP who is now in allegations, facts and so on arc publicly bookmakers have spent $200,000 in early September, 1971. Present were this the present Labor Cabinet. aired. This article is meant to be used in promoting themselves and opposing the MP, the senior ALP MP, a representative conjunction with the National U Story. of the bookies and the ALP MP. A deal The ALP MP who acted as a go-between introduction of TAB. Out of this figure in the negotiations between the MP and the bookies have paid substantial was made for the MP to get out of * censored from the original article. amounts of money into both Liberal and Parliament in exchange for money. He had Labor SPSF's. However what was then previously been apid $5,000 a year (o deleted from National U was the inform­ stop TAB from being introduced. It is ation that "an uivestigation of Labor alleged that the MP had the mortgage on Parly funds over the last 5 years yields his house paid off to the tune of $29,000 ZELMO'S LARGE ORGAN some interesting figures. At the end of the as well as receiving $6,000 from the bookies The Vice-chancellor Professor Zclman 1966 elections, the State ALP finished and $18,000 from mainland gambling Cowen said today that a contract has been The new organ would be a 45 stop with a deficit of about $2,000. In 1972, mteresls. arranged with Messrs. R.H. Pogson Ply Ltd mechanical action classical voiced pipe- they spent $25,000 on the state political The ALP MP said that the senior ALP MP of Sydney, for the construction and organ. Mr Peter Pogson of Roger H, campaign and finished up with a surplus arranged for the MP to be paid $29,000 installation of a pipe organ for the Pogson Pty. Ltd., said that the new organ of $6,000. That means that $31,000 which included this mortgage. It appears that University's new Maync Hall. would be the largest mechanical action organ was put into the party funds somewhere the mortgage on the MP's house was db- The organ is expected to cost $80,000 ever built for Brisbane. along the way". charged to a company, the 4 shareholders and to be completed by 31st December, The organ will be used for both leaching Other material censored included that: being prominent bookmakers. He was also 1974. All the funds for the organ had of students withhi the Universiay and as a 1. A closed parliamentary select committee offered, presumably by the senior ALP come from private donations, including a valuable behicle for concert use. It should set up after the 1972 State elections MP, the guarantee of a Job with a salary sum of $20,000 provided by the Alumni attract the best overseas organists and and which changed the Parliamentary term not lower than that he was getting in Association of the University. musically will usher in a new era of organ from three years back to five, did so to Pailiatnent. Professor Cowen said the well-known music for Brisbane. give "Rcecc (State Labor Party leader and The MP was sitting on this deal and was Brisbane organist, Mr Robert Boughen, The firm of R.H. Pogson has con­ Tasmanian Premier) the additional time, in close association with the senior ALP the Mayne Hall Architect, Mr Robin Gibson, structed pipe-organs in Sydney and 4VS years, that he needed to be eligible for MP all the time. Twice during the election the Acoustic Consultant, Mr Peter Knowland, Melbourne, and presently is installing a a pension increment of $3,000 without campaign he rang the senior ALP MP. He and Professor Noel Nickson of the Univ­ similar oigan in the New South Wales havhig to face the electorate again". .'• villi •!:'• >cv.ci3l manvgcr wl'-,-. ersity's Department of Music. Conservatorium of Music. been a comparatively simple matter for at worst an enemy of working-class struggle him to describe how this was done. Yet and at best an uncritical agent-provocateur- security? he told four completely different stories- at this stage we must seize all available yes four completely different storics-as to channels to break through that bourgeois Dear Sir, how he obtained and removed the documents mystification process caused by a funda­ Concerning your recent article on security (?) from the Russian Embassy. His final story mental lack of control over one's life, to which dealt with the installation of "V.H'F." completely contradicted everything he point out that the cult of personality, radios by the Admin. Security Policy, I previously said. uaditionally associated with those insidious should like to offer the following informatioa Within every aspect of his major stories ideologies based on hicrarchies-Marxist- Lcninism, Maoism, Trotskyism, and Stalin­ (1) The system is in fact a U.H.F. there exists a further infinity of contrad­ (ultra high frequency) talk through repeater iction. ism-has infiltrated the only Australian group fighting here for a true international which can also be operated as a main base As Petrov was only a tool of the Govern­ libertarian communist working-class station. ^^^1 ment, the Security Service and the Royal movement. (2) The repeater receives on roughly m. Commission, for the carrying out of The crucial question in any social 459 MHz and re-transmits (transmits) on Mcnzics' aims of 1951, this confiici and analysis is the nexus of imperial power and roughly 468 MHz. (I stress the word contradiction in his evidence was of no influence and its support for local ruhng 'roughly',) ^^E consequence al all. The use nude of classes and bureaucracies. In this context (3) It is not necessary in any P.M.G. '^^^^^^^^^^H Exhibit 52 shows that the Royal native ruling classes such as those of the regulations to have the system manned con­ ^^^^^1 Commissioners themselves knew that Third World attempt to appropriate for tinuously by a trained technician. (Office "Petrov's" documents really originated themselves a larger share of "surplus giris usually do the job in normal commer­ with the Australian security service, capital" or value, so to gain power over cial installations), The documented evidence on all the above the lives ol othcis. And if any one person (4) Your cost estimates are roughly points has been available for several years. lias control over the life of any other person, correct. Despite the mass of words written at the no matter how apparently insignificant, As 1 am involved in the industry, I cannot time, very few Australians would have been this infringes on his fundamental right to sign my name. aware that the documents, so-called, really control his own life and leads to alienation, comprises 101 photographs-yes, photo- powerlessness and ultimately nihilism. :^im^^..^m\ graphs-and other miscellaneous material Such reactionary infiuences must be which could be written out in the middle challenged wherever they appear and music rooted out wherever they take hold: even ^^^^^^^^^^K of a public park today, so little relevance has it to the Russian Embassy. if this necessitates the identification and Dear Sir, challenging of this Marxist-Lcnnist-Maoist One point however, should be made clear. tendency m the Self-Management Group I have been reading with some interest Dr Evatt is almost universally criticises for itself. It has come to our attention that the reviews and critiques of A.B.C, and entering the Commission as a representative S.M.G's organs of communication have other concerts by D.R. Boughen. I have of his staff. It is quite clear that, had he come under the monopolistic infiuences of a had the fortune to attend a few of these not done so, he would have been called small neoetween The car fully satisfies the Uavel require­ POSTAL VOTES. the press barons to keep any public comment ments of only a minority (no mote than on the conspiracy at a superficial level. 25% of households have 2 or more cars) Applications for postal notes close at the of Brisbane's population. In 1951 Menzies was denied the right to Union office 5 p.m. 6th July,1973, OR post­ institute a legal inquisition into the political However it is this minority which tightly marked no later than Sunday,8th July,1973. attitudes of Australian citizens on the controls the decision maicing processes. model made infamous in the USA by Control over the transportation system Joseph McQrthy. He was able to get helps this elite to keep the poor, the old, Any financial member of the Union who believes around the referendum result in 1954 by the women and the children in their place. he/s he will have difficulty in voting between representing to the Australian epople that Thanks to 'Semper' for helping to oppose the security service had come into possess­ the hours of 9 a.m. to 8.15 p,m,,when the the 'iron*rate of capitalism'. ion of documents from the Russian embassy poll ing booth will open,may apply to the elect- in Canberra. Brian Feeney, oral off icer,Union Office, for a postal vote. Urban Studies. The documents were simply the records of the Australian security service. Had Menzies Comp leted postal votes must be returned to won the referendum of 1951, and thereby the Union Officer before 5 p.m. Friday, the right to set up a legal inquisition, the self same information complete with its errors July 20th,OR postmarked no later than Friday, would have been presented to the tribunal July 20th,1973. thus set up. management? The tribunal denied to Menzies in 1951 Dear Sir, became "the Royal Commission on As much as we despise your neo- Espionage" of 1954. The security service Stalinist Students' Union togeUier with its records of 1951, suitably prepared and bolshevik controlled "counter-cultural" brought up to date, became documents news-sheet, those of us truly motivated to delivered to A.S.I.O. by the Russian work for the building of a real socialist- defector Vladimir Pcliov. humanist democracy based on workers' control and self-management, find it It is true that Petrov defected. It is not necessary to use this medium to express our true that he brought any Russian documents ideologically-based opposition to the rise with him. of an embryonic ruling-class within our own For if Petrov did bring the documents organization. In spite of your slanderous from the Russian Embassy it should have articles in the past-whidi must brand you <^^fiBA ^5

'Jesus to the Communist World' has been sional seducers. They send these to Christian -bendmg drugs as is the case with our sisters talking about mind-bending drugs being prisoners, who many times have been doped and brethren, and their nerves were not given to Soviet Christians presumably with sex-stimulating drugs beforehand, and shattered through brainwashing and tortures. to shake their faith. Well the nasty seduce them. The moment the victim has The leaders of the Underground Church K.G.B. is now providing screws for fallen into their net, a snapshot is taken. whom we met told us, with tears in their tlie holy, and life in the Soviet is After this, the victim is blackmailed: "If we eyes, "We knew how to resist atheist looking better all the time, the publish the picture, your family and your propaganda and tortures, but we do not following article is reprinted for your church will despise you." Some are asked know how to counteract the forced drug­ enlightenment from 'J.C.W.' afterwards to become informers of the ging". Revolutionists in Ireland also use girls Praise the Lord and pass the Wet Chex Secret Police or arc forced to give public to attract British soldiers into ambush and statements that they deny Christ.' kill them. This information may throw new MARY BRAUN was an outstanding light upon the role of the alleged Soviet Professional sediicers example of faith. Judged together with defector SERGHEl KOURDIAKOV, who fight against christian purity TCHERNETSKAIA for having run secret according to the Canadian T.V. might have Sunday schools, she had been sentenced to been an mfiltrator of the Communist Secret ogether with two other directors of this four years of prison, while Police. He became a preacher for a United T mission we had a historical conference. TCHERNETSKAIA had gotten five. MARY States organization which hailed him as a We met for the first titne with 40 Un­ BRAUN protested against the nulder sen-, new St. Paul Serghei shot himself acciden­ derground Christians of the Soviet Union tence, asking for the privilege of suffering as tally after having induced a Christian girl of -Baptists, Mennonites and Pentecostals, much as her friend. But towards the end of 17 to pass a weekend along with him in a Many of them had suffered fines, arrests, her sentence a professional seducer was sent mountain cabin. In the same room were beatings, and internment in psychiatric to her. She fell in sin. and gave under found his bottles of wine, his revolver, his asylums for their faith. The things discussed blackmail a shameful declaration denying cigarettes, and her open Bible. at this conference have to remain secret, but her faith. Similar things happen with breth­ as a result we liave now found new ways to ren after they have passed through many In the free world, it is a matter of will to help Soviet. Clui.^tians with literature and years of prison. Old Testament Joseph resist temptation; however, under Soviet bread for families of martyr,';. refused the temptation of a beautiful tortures and doping it is not. Our Soviet The Communists hLve trained male and woman, Many others h&vc done tlie ^ame, brethren feci helpless in this matter. Write to female Secret Police officers to be profes­ but they had not been administered ,. ' us if you have "st;:': -TdWco an interview vrith CRAWFORD ' WERTHEIM

Y TH50SSEL 11:00 July 6th 1972 Park Royal Motel

HARRY THROSSEL, (Social Work Lecturer); what it is, because the basis of the standing I would be very interested to hear about the rule is that we have to be economically application of your ideas to the Social disadvantaged. Welfare field, what has been going on in America and allied with that how import­ What does that mean? ant is our Welfare rights movement, in That means you have to be a capitalist other words, the involvement of Welfare -in effect you have to be a company clients in work of ihis kind? harmed by another company, a business RALPH NADER: It is a separate type of man that was harmed by another business movement-it doesn't overlap much. There man, in the economic regulatory area, that is a Welfare Rights Organisation in the includes safety and health standards. United States that is working entirely in PETER WERTHIEM (Philosophy Lecturer): that area. We don't work in that area, we How much success have you had in un- work in the area of corporate regulatory bourgeoising the law Dept. I mean the issues. situation in Australia is that they and all HARRY THROSSEL: Can you tell me the other professions are thoroughly Now there are other possible funding areas, the law school enrolments are sky about your work in the Social Welfare bourgeoise. Now how much success have i.e. consumer class action, if the concept of rocketing. There are 340,000 lawyers in field? you actually had a non-profitable law firm is developed the U.S., by 1984 that is going to whereby all the profits go to expand the We don't do any. We work in the area of Now there are a large variety of offerings double-just to give you an illustration of size of the firm-well, that is not tech­ this fantastic expansion of law school consumer environment, tax, corporate in environmental property consumer nically a public interest law firm in the enrolment. affairs. courses but they are usually in the rinal year of the law students' course. They sense that we define that as lawyers DOUGLAS WHALAN, (Professor of Law, without clients, period. They are not con­ DAVE CRAWFORD (Economics Student): tend to be taken by those who are very To what extent does any effective citizen University of Queensland): I was wondering trolled by clients. Even if you take a interested. These areas of the law have not action require or need professional people; really how the locus standi problem has been consumer class action in a great public yet been integrated into the first year lawyers, doctors, would it proceed if there overcome, how effecitvely it is being over­ interest objective and you win and defeat courses-very basic courses like torts and vferen't great numbers of lawyers going come by these people. We read the reports, Montgomery Award-you still have some criminal law. It is my contention that into this area? we read the law reports and the news­ environmental law should be taught as obligation to Uie clients-300,000 clients, paper reports and It looks as if you have part of corporate law, and consumer law whereas there is an intermediate stage of Well I don't know in this country. In U.S. been pretty effective. should be part of commercial transaction, the public interest firm where the damages they are very critical because you always In the administrative area, within a year UCC code and all that. are secured and fees are tkaen but they come up against legal barriers and so some are ploughed back into expanding the base of it is mumbo jumbo but still lawyers there won't be any problem. PETER WERTHIEM: But in some schods of the firm. Another development which is iiave a monopoly of access by their license. DOUGHAS WHALAN: Because of statutes they have gone a fair distance . . . being proposed is that the government sut)- I'm not saying that someone can't go in or because of the way the courts are All schools offer these courses^ almost sidises many of these activities, for instance and argue a case better than a lawyer can, operating? without exception, you see they are if they can give a billion dollars to Merchant hut he can't do it legally because he can't Both. And at the state level it is moving offered this option if they may have 10 Marmes, then they can give a few million get in. But there is a great need for rapidly in the direction of the Michigan people for a course where the bread and dollars to relevant public mterest at large. organisers. Community organisers are even statue which declares people be trustees butter course in the first year has a Finally the increasing trend for "if you win more important than lawyers, because this of their environment. The more serious hundred or the entire class. Then there is you collect a fee" of "if you take a pro movement has got to have more than the area is having standing in Court. a lot of extra curricular activity going in bono case and beat the government on a technical legal reflection to it. It has got terms of there is more clmical education highway expressway project. . ." There is to be political as well. Not partisan in the DOUGLAS WHALAN: That's right, once and opportunities in the third and final now a petition in tlie courts where a major sense you are alligned to parties in the you get there yes. year of Law school, i.e. law students Washington law firm took this case in pro sense of impact sense. Vou will lake 40 See, the Court is very good about sayuig have been given the right to practice as bono for several thousand hours of work to years to loosen the consUaint of the Crimes you have got standing before an admini-. lawyers, virtually, in defending accused people. be paid. There is some provision in law Act and to try changing the Advisory strator, but when you go into the Court like truth & lendmg laws which ui effect Councils set up in this country but, you itself for example, we are now in a case PETER WERTHIEM: That is in private say if you win then you collect council. know, you have to do that politically. challenging I.T. & T. and there is a share­ law firms? Finally there is the development of group You can't fool around with little tit-bit holder, a policy holder and myself claiming No, that is m the public defender area-this legal services, which is reaUy going to changes from five year decisions by the standing as a member of the bar. I am an is before they get their license, because of expand rapidly m the next ten years in High Court. officer of the court; I have an obligation the need for manpower m this area. In an the U.S. which will allow some of that kind to see that tlie reglatory agency that era of enormous expansion in Women's of litigation ui the consumer field. GEOFF PORTER (Law Sntdent): Have most approved the I.T.T. merger with this other of the students coming out of the law Rights courses. In other words what is PETER SHEEHY (Law Student): Will that corporation did it accorduig to proper happening in the dunension of the law schools got most of their fields of interest procedures. This is a very very frontier be financed by the Universities or by the already determined by the courses taken school is being increasingly determined by group itself? allegation-you can't be right too soon in the students' desires rather than by the at law school? this business. But there is still a problem; administration of the faculty so there is a No, the group legal service will be, for Yes, most of them arc culturatcd to a for example, you challenge a government bypass if the faculty or administration don't example, very similar to medical health specialized type of law; the services, wealth programme because it is wasting the tax­ want to do it they just set up their own insurance. For example, one of the fringe and power. Very few people arrive at a payers' money, you as a taxpayer challenge activities on the side. benefits Unions argued for was group truth at Law school, Ihey usually bring it in court-that doesn't get anywhere, there's legal services so that wc could provide with them a discenting value system and then still a problem. However, for instance, you PETER WERTHIEM: That is on the way lawyers for any problem their members they mature that value system in tcims of can now challenge a broadcast station or here, but one further question on that: have-you know, whether it is a problem their legal skills and their career roles they television station license tcvewal on the how far, supposing we do start out and of divorce or instalmant payments or want to follow grounds that you are a viewer. Ten years you obviously have, beginning to chum mt anything. It would have nothing to do with ago you could not challenge the renewal people who have got public interest law the Union, just that kind of free legal GEOFF PORTER: I believe what the law of that license unless you were part of a directions. How far within the present service. Tlie Supreme Court just four weeks school provides determines their roles after company that was trying to displace the framework do you think they can actually ago provided that anybody accused of a they leave. company that had the license; so that find a liveliltood to continue to do that misdemeanour which could involve a jail Yes, unless they really come with tliat there is a very fast acceleration eluninating and how far do we need the development term would have to be provided with legal standing limitations. It's outrageous, it is resistance in mind sure. of new agencies? counsel: that is going to pump in about 350 a Marxist dream. If you want to analyse million dollars of tax-supported fees for MS WAINER: Mr Nader, do you defend how a bourgcoise law keeps people from The funding base is unstable; foundation • lawyers who are to defend these people the capitalist system; enforcing or defending theh rights-that is grants, 2-3 year grants for the public accused of misdemeanours. That is an a perfect absolutely blueprint example, of mterest law firms; they are not very con­ 1 don't break the economic systems down tinual but they do get them under way. enormous expansion. By the same token that way. I have seen communist and CowrJ/*jffp ON PA^fi 'o.

For ttie most inexpensive- Compare our prices ewcllcry in Brisbane, sec us and wc can citploin why. and you will Hnd Discount of 10% to them at least 30% students and staff o THE HOUSE OF DIAMONDS below our competitioiL presentation of this FIRST FLOORj NEXT TO THE Engagement rings advertisement. HEINDORFF;'• REGENT THEATRE Direct from Asscher's Amsterdam QUEEN^ STREESTREET N^PPHONH E 291545 from$6r • •' In 1955 the Lake Pedder National pedder, claiming that it is the selfish wish of bushwalkers to preserve the lake only for Park was proclaimed in the vast themselves, denying its beauty to motorists. wilderness of South-West Tasmania. There is nothing exclusive about Lake Today, the lake is being flooded by Pedder. There is no membership card to the Tasmanian Hydro-Electricity be shown. Pedder is the reward for those Commission (H.E.C.) as part of the who have the resolve to hike six miles through some of the most magnificent Gordon River Power Scheme im­ country in Australia, ot pay a modest fee poundment. This flooding must for visit by light aeroplane. immediately cease and the level of the The argument that the new flooded water lowered io its original level. lake will increase tourist appeal is a deceitful myth. There is nothing unique or attractive about a huge expanse of Lake Pedder has been hailed as one.of water completely without character or the most magnificent wilderncsss areas m form. Hundreds of such waters exist through­ the worlh by international conservation out Australia, (dams, weirs, reservoirs, etc. organisations. Almost every society concern­ etc.). There is more to recreation than ed with conservation in Australia, including racing speed-boats, or skiing. A natural the National Trust of Australia, Australian treasure should not be sacrificed to provide Conservaton Foundation and Australian for these common past-times. Union of Students, have given full sappoit The Lake Pedder National Park, pro­ to its preservation. In February of this yea r, claimed in 1955, was extended in 1968 myself and Barbara Russell spent four days to form the half-million acre South-West at Pedder with Chris Tebbutt of the Lake National Park. However, the H.E.C. Pedder Action Committee {L.P.A.C.). scheme will flood approximately 15% of The lake is situated in elevated uplands this. The concept of a natnnai Park, in the rugged South-West of Tasmania. It is preserved in its natural state for future roughly 4 square miles in surface area, at generations, has been completely and about 960 feet above sea level. It is uttcriy shattered. surrounded by extensvie \)VLtton-gta.s% scdgc- land, a peculiar type of heath vegetation. It Where, in Australia, is the environment is bounded by massive mountain ridges; safe is a Natktnal Park of such status is the Frankland Range to the south and destroyed with such ease? What is the west, and the Coronets to the north. It is value of having National Parks??? It is in itself a highly complex ecosystem, depressing to think that no areas what-so- boasting unique features occurring nowhere ever are safe from the greedy hands of else in Australia. Man. For this reason, and if for no other, Pedder must be saved. Those features include a well-developed sand-dune complex bordering the eastern shore, known as the "lunette". This was HYDRO-ELECTRICITY probably formed when powerful wave The scheme that has been installed by action in the newly dammed lake eroded a the H.E.C. is planned to produce power shore platform during winter in the un­ by diverting the flowing waters of three consolidated fiuvial and solifluction separate river watersheds into one huge deposits covering the fioor of the Serpentine storage called Lake Gordon. The Gordon, Valley. The dune is up to thirty feet in Serpentine and Scotts Peak Dams are height, and supports a variety of vegetation. integral to the scheme, the latter two of It was on its highest point that we camped which form the Huon-Serpentine impound­ at the L.P.A.C. vigU. ment. However, all the water below a Pedder is renowned for its "sand-bar", certain level (S.L 1002) m the Huon- a spectacular "beach" of fine-grained glacial Serpemtine unpoundment, over 75% of the outwash extending along the eastern shore. total volume, is dead storage and utterly It is the habitat for a high proportion of useless for power generation. Only one- Pcdder's endemic wildlife species. Tourist third of the full storage of Lake Gordon is planes use it as a landuig strip during required for normal operation of the Serpentine River meanders across the button grass summer, as it is seasonally inundated. A scheme. It is evident that the only reason narrow sandy beach extends around the Lake Pedder is being flooded is to fill plain from the outlet of Lake Redder whole perimeter of the lake. Lake Gordon quickly and cheaply. Most A complex lagoon system exists just storage is a reserve for "drought condiitons", north of the lunette, centred around the (yet to be experienced in most areas of exquisite Lake Maria. The lake contauis a Tasmania). scries of sub-aquaeous dunes, resembling Economics has shown that in all probab­ broad, mega-ripples, which give the eastern ility, on a general level, thermal power is shore a peculiar scalloped effect. probably cheaper to produce than hydro- The buttongrass sedgeland surrounding power. Certamly h is much cheaper ui terms the lake is ablaze with a variety of wild- of those factors which really count, (eg. flowers during spring. An ancient rainforest, Lake Pedder). Consideration for alternatives consisting mainly of Antarctic Beech U:ees, is long overdue in Tasmania. H.E.C has a exists near the northern shore. These trees strangelehold over Tasmania's economy, and are thousands of years old and represent a subsequent political decisions. It is time very specialized habitat. All of these this stranglehold was released. features will be lost forever in the process The inability of hydropower to satisfy of permanent flooding. The beach and Tasmania's power needs for more than a much of the lunette are already under lunited period ui the future has been water. Urgent action is needed recognized by H.E.C. itself. Is Pedder lo be Thirteen species of animals have been sacrificed for no more than short-term found only at Lake Pedder, (i.e., they are and minimal gains? endemic to the area). Some of these have The cunent rate of power consumption in been found only on the "sand-bar". They Tasmania is 11,000 kWh per indWidu^ each include a species of crustacean, Allanaspides year. This rate of power useage is second helonomus, unique for its organ of un­ only to Norway among the industrial nations known function, the fenestra dotsalis. A of the world. However, H.E.C. seems bent new genus of snail has also been found. In on constructuig more and more dams, addition, four species of plants are endemic. destroying more and more of our natural Most of these species will be lost forever heritage. It is a serious case of "dam-mad­ under permanent inundation. ness", which needs to be curtailed. The wildlife of Pedder is rich and varied. The short-term benefits from increased During our stay, IS species of birds were employment do not wanant such projects. recorded on the lunette, including the This catch-cry has been used far too often Dusky Robin, Tasmanian Thornbill, Black to excuse ineparable envhonmental damage. Currawong, Green Rosella and Yellow- Above all well-documented arguments throated Honeyeater; species endemic to against the unpoundment is the well-known Tasmania. Other species include the Ground fact that an alternative scheme exists. Parrot, a bh-d fast disappearuig over the // is a viable means of saving the lake whole of its Australian range, and considered itself, although it will not reverse the one of Australia's rarest species. (Cooloola, situation effecting the rest of the impounded in Queensland, is considered another National Park. This scheme involves stronghold for this species). Mammals include physically pumpmg the waters of the the Broad-toothed Rat, considered one of Serpemtine River through a tunnel linking Australia's endangered species, and the the two reservoirs, but avoiduig Lake Tasmanian DevQ, seen by us neat the camp. Pedder and the surroundhig buttongrass From a wildlife spedes preservation wilderness. A high-volume, low pressure angle, it is utterly essential that Pedder be pumpbig station would in off-peak periods saved. It terms of endemicity, Pedder has pass large quantities of water through the the highest rate in Australia. underground tunnel into the Gordon Storage. Lake Pedder is a Mecca to bushwalkers This scheme must be implemented to save throughout Australia, and an invitation to the lake. adventurers the world over. Those who do Critics b Parliament and the H.E.C. not understand the. concept of wilderness have 'charged that the alternative scheme will often express anoyance on the subject of delay power generation from the Gordon to

Expiration routes and historic access tracks cut through tha south-west mc^ot.-.-V.:- •'-

^v^/^S>l

"The lake and surrounding area is of immense aesthetic value and the intractable nature of terrain and vegetation makes it a challenging wilderness. Until recent years the whole south-western quarter of Tasmania was uninhabited and mostly unvisited by Man. It is therefore of incomparable signif­ icance and value. Its impending destruction to provide power production for about half a century must be regarded as the greatest ecological tragedy since European settlement of Tasmania". (U.N.E.S.C.O./International Biological Programme).

such a degree that Tasmania will be unable following words: life are adapted to season flooding, "if anybody is prepared to say in to supply its growing power needs through­ Traganini 1803-1876 Federal Parliament 'We made a mistake', out the period. However, once the pump- Wnen we reflect on the beauty and The endemic species are unlikely to be I'll support him. I'll back them". storage system is commissioned, Serpentine dignity of Truganini we must deplore serious affected by a limited inundation. The Tasmanian Government has made a water is unmediately available to supple­ the destruction of her people. Let us The important thing is that the annual cycle serious mistake. The Federal Government ment the flow of the Gordon, and withm a then reflect on the beauty of tliis lake, continues, to allow for breeding. must repair that, and that will probably short period thereafter the fuU potential of dedicate it to the memory of Truganini During our visit we saw trees flowering take Federal money. Inflation must not be the sclieme can be realised. The danger is and her people, and resolve to keep in underneath the mter, particularly Banksia used as a scapegoat. that H.E.C. will continue to consume scarce unspoiled for the benefit of mankind". and Acacia. Most of the vegetation on the Pedder is a national environmental capital resources unnecessarily in order to lunette is still existent, and the Beech forest test-case. If it is lost, nowhere in Australia provide Tasmania with too much power. DIRTY TRICKS has not been reached yet. However, a will the environment be safe from the In any case, there is insufficient demand in critical time-period is fast-approaching It In August, 1972, two people lost their maraudings of Man. The Federal Govern­ Tasmania today to warrant the scheme. is essential tliat the level of the lake be lives in a light aeroplane which crashed ment must realize this. Whatever the cost, lowered now to its original level. Pedder ioto Bass Strait en route to Canberra to a grant should be implemented immediately POLITICS is not yet dead. It is the wish of the Tas­ campaign for Pedder. This crash was prob­ upon the release of the inquiry's findings. manian Government to perpetuate this The struggle for Pedder has been long ably the result of sabotage, although the This issue will be a real test of the credib­ belief, and those conservationists who have and bitter, but it is far from over. The Tasmanian Government has refused to ility of the Federal Government. given up hope have succumbed to this bill to desUoy the lake was passed m 1967, inquire. wish, and have betrayed Pedder. Lake Pedder is a naiional asset. It despite widespread opposition from the An appeal to the Supreme Court in mid- belongs to all Australians, not only Tas- During the 1972 Federal Election community, and a deferrment from the 1972 was illegally thwarted by Premier manians. It is not the right of Tasmanians campaign, Tom Uren, Labor's Environment Legislative Council. Since that time, con- Reece, resulting in the resignation of to destroy it, just as it is not the right of spokesman, said; servationists have been continually frustrated Attorney-General Everatt. Reece has con­ Queenslanders to destroy Cooloola or the "After Lake Pedder, we all know that in their efforts to prevent the flooding stantly overrided the opinions and truths Great Barrier Reef. The cry of state rights life in Australia or in Tasmania will of Pedder. of conservation, and his downfall will be a is misleading and deceitful; this is not a never be the same again. . . fust as an The Liberal Premier, Bethune, arrogantly victory to that cause. Recent developments state issue. It is not the right of Tasmanians irresponsible local government can be supported the scheme until his party's defeat have shown the Tasmanian Labor Party ui to wipe out seventeen species of wildlife overruled by a State Government in the at the state elections in 1972. His arrogance its true light, reactionary and right-wing. which have evolved over millions of years. State's interest, so must a Commonwealth was continued by the Labor Premier, Reece. It needs drastic reform from the Federal eneties in their own right. Tliat is nobody's Government act, in Australian interests. These elections saw the first conservationist Party. Labor in Tasmania is a jofce, but a right. We will ensure that "environmental political party in Australia, the United tragic one. NEVER AGAIN MUST ANOTHER wisdom" prevails and that it is not lost Tasmania Group (U.T.G.). Despite the fact Massive protests from all over Australia PEDDER OCCVR. NEVER AGAIN MUST to state chauvmism". that the party was formed only three weeks and overseas have continually been ignored DESTRUCTION BE LEASHED UN­ before the elections, it polled up to 7% of by the Tasmanian Government, which His statements committed Labor. Early this CHECKED ONTO A PRICELESS ASSET. the vote in some electorates. It was in these refuses to admit it has made a grave year, Dr Moss Cass, Federal Environment Cooloola, the Great Barrier Reef, Myall elections that the H.E.C. threatened increased mistake. It has very often covered up its and Conservation Minister, instigated a Lakes, Precipitous Bluff, the Texas Caves, tariffs if householders voted U.T.G.I actions with illegal actions and lies. Departmental enquiry into the Lake Pedder Mt. Etna, Gove Peninsula and Fraser bland (A scandal which was never investigated!) The lake is cunently under about twenty case. The report of that enquiry is due on are among these assets. The Federal Govern­ The Lake Pedder Action Committee, feet of water. Through false propaganda, the July 2. It is expected that it will ment must extend its powers to ensure formed with branches all over Australia, H.E.C. has tried to assert upon the public recommend the lowering of the water level that the Pedder case Is not repeated. has battled without rest for Pedder. It has the belief that it is already too late to save lo its original level, and a 3-year morator­ National Parks must be preserved in eternal the support of nearly all conservation groups it. However, Pedder Is a wet wilderness and ium to examine alternative schemes and protection. They are the only real safe­ throughout Australia. In August, 1972, it set Is regularly flooded naturally. Although the the extent of damage already caused. guard nature has against the onslaught of up a vigil on the lunette to maintain con­ buttongrass heath will probably die, rapid Dr Cass is committed to the inquiry's man. NEVER AGAIN IN THE HISTORY stant watch over the lake. That vigil is still regrowth from shoots will occur when the findings. OF MAN SHOULD A NATIONAL PARK manned by the dedicated Chris Tebbutt. A waters recede. Any erosion that has It is essential that Federal Cabinet accept BE SACRIFICED. IN THE INTERESTS monument erected to Truganuii, the Ust occurred will eventually repair itself by the Inquiry's fmdings. Gough Whitlam has OF SHORT-TERM PROFIT AND aboriehial to exist in Tasmania, bote the natural process. The vegetation and wild­ said: COMFORT.

Greg Roberts, Spokesman, Brisbane Co-ordinator for L.P.A.C,- "Conscrvatlon Movement", (Queensland). Abortion At the moment in Australia abortion is becoming one of the most controversial issues politically as well as morally, as the date for the introduction of the private members bill draws nearer. However the media's coverage so far has been mainly concerned with the emotional, religious and 'moral' outbursts of various groups such as the R.C. Church, The Right to Life Association, etc. This article is simply an attempt to introduce some facts and figures and in short a more rational prospective on this question. At the moment it is conservatively estimated that there are at least 100,000 illegal bortions annually in Australia. Three-quarters of the abortions in Australia (both legal and illegal) are performed on married women. The more liberal estimates are much higher. ILLEGAL ABORTION Thus illegal abortion is a substantial reality in Australia. However the reper­ cussions of illegal abortion aie perhaps more important. Professor Mehlan from East Germany at the Fifth Worid Congress of Gynaecologists and Obstetrics stated that illegal abortion was the main cause of maternal deaths (accounting for about 30%-50% of them) as well as often causing damage to health and loss of fertility; while it was estimated that a comprehensive legalized abortion system lowered this mortality rate to 3% per 100,000. Figures such as these can more inform­ atively applied when viewed from a socio­ economic prospective. For example in America before the reformmg of the abortion laws, a 1968 survey showed that VaoHiin cttrtttifs: A. vactirette iiistrted througb carvieal cutf; B. suction tumad on. material of Ihe maternal deaths caused by illegal abortion, 50% of the dead were Negro, flowt Ihiouflli tubing; C. aaiity uttfus "tugs" on vacurette. . ___^ 44% Peurta Rican, and 6% white. There is no doubt that a similar situation could apply in Australia where Aboriginal women, migrant women, and other low income bracket women would rely on backyard corruption once again discrimminates it is not a person, there are no legal the greater problems encountered by un­ unskilled abortionists when one considers against the poor and ignorant. Further rights, no inquest into a miscaniage. wanted children who were also mentally the average fee for a skilled illegal examples on this side of illegal abortion More unportantly, in the view of inter­ and/or physically handicapped, had foreign abortionist ranges from about $150-5300. can be seen in Bertrand Wainer's book, personal relations there is no personality, racial origins, etc. "It isn't nice". Inspector Holland and the Added to this are Ihe frequent after no independent existence of a chfld. There Coming back to the Australian scene homicide squad m Victoria presented the ctTects of illegal unsafe abortions. (l)Infec- is what these groups term 'a potential one might look at our own situation more other ode of police action when they tion of one or both tubes-a main cause of child' but the use of contraceptives or clearly. It is estunated that 50% of preg­ raided certain doctors' surgeries ui sterility. (2) Infection of the overy and abstence from uitercourse also prevents the nancies in Australia are unplanned. Further­ Melbourne, seizhig patients off the operating tubes-causing sterility, pain, menstrual birth of a potential chOd'. more the illegitimacy rate in Australia tables, photographuig genitals and bUck- disturbance, which may necessitate opera­ The woman, on the other hand, is a in 1971 read as follows: mailing women into giving evidence tional removal of the overies, tubes and fully developed person in view of herself, agauist the doctors. uteris. (3) Uterine infection leading to interpersonal relations and the law; yet her N.S.W. VIC. W.A. TAS. The "moral* question of abortion has menstrual irregularity, severe period pain rights are the ones to be subjected. The 9674 5010 2720 722 and possible haemorrhage. (4) Infection of become, unfortunately, an extremely rights of any existuig children in the S.A. QLD. N.T. ACT blood stream causing possible chronic shallow and hypocritical slanging match family are also Ignored while a greater 1782 4859 664 198 kidney, liver and heart disease. Thus often between various gioups in our society. offense is committed agamst this 'potential- the incompetent backyard abortionist There are, I feel, cerUun questions child' who if bom is often socially or The total number of Ulegitimate births leaves his patient needing professional which should be asked of these people, economically deprived. Briefly she^e for Australia in 1971 was 25,629 medical care. The grounds on which they operate can be subjected to deprivation, craelty, Of these births 144 were born to The present laws in Australia pcrtainmg are seemingly very sunple: abortion is and become anti-social. to abortion have remained basically un­ the murder of an unborn diild and follow­ mothers under 15 years of age, 611 to changed since 1900 (excepting South Aust.) ing from this the 'right of the unborn mothers 15 years of age, 1393 to mothers child' argument. However what of the SWEDISH INVESTIGATION sixteen years of age, and 2333 to mothers QLD ABORTION LAWS right of the woman? The rights of a child seventeen years of age. Furthermore it is to be wanted and the rights of existing An investigation conducted in Sweden estimated that there are at least 20,000 In (^eensland, the laws are as follows. children? Put these rights alongside the from 1946-66 compared the development farced marriages in Australia every year. (I) Attempts to procure abortion. right of an unborn foetus. of a number of wanted children to children The effects of unwanted pregnancy "s224. Any person who with intent to whose mothers have been refused abortion. on a woman can be seen by anyone with procure the miscarriage of a woman, If a woman has a miscarriage or The latter group showed emotional in­ any perception who encounters such a whether she is or is not with child, unhw- spontaneous abortion the foetus is not security, were registered more often in woman. However various surveys in fully admmisters to her or causes her to considered killed or dead but simply not psychiatric services, were involved in more America and Sweden can be used to take any poison or other noxious thing born. There is no child, not the death of anti-social and criminal behaviour, received illustrate this point. or uses any force of any kind or uses any an existing one. With abortion what is less education and/or were educationally other means whatever, is guilty of a crune." In an American study (Gabrielson 1970) being killed? A Person, an embryo, a sub-normal. When one considers these were of 105 pregnant teenage girls admitted (H) Self-procuied. foetus, an ovum? In the eyes of the law 'normal' children one can understand "s225. Any woman who, with uitent to for delivery, suicide attempts were visible procure her own miscarriage (follows as "above s224). . . or permits any such thing or means to be administered or used to her, is guilty of a crime." (Ill) Supplying drugs. "s226. Any person who unlawfully supplies to or procures for any person anything whatever, knowing that it is intended to be unlawfully used to procure the miscarriage of a woman, whether she is or is not with child is guilty of a misdemeanour." In Queensland the penalty for s224 is 14 years; for s225 is 7 years and s226 is 3 years. Apart from this great degree of un­ certainty that these laws are immersed in, it is important to note that (1) the law makes no distinction between the medical professional performing an abortion and the unskilled backyard abortionist; and (2) the law applies equally if the woman was not pregnant initially. However if the woman was not pregnant most states exclude her from the section on self induced abortion, except Queensland and Western Australia. PERSECUTION Moreover this fear of persecution will not usually deter a woman who needs an abortion but will only add to her dilemma. The fact that prosecution against the woman is in fact rare means that in fact an anachronistic law which is not fully enforced and cannot be fuUy en­ forced subjects the pregnant woman to embarrassment, anxiety, illness, extortion and fear of possible death. Black market abortions often produce high prices and poor service, anaesthetic risks, and police on 13.3% of them; 22% of the single selves have to face the prospect of an giris and 6.5% of the married giris. unwanted pregnancy and, secondly, In a Swedish investigation (Hook 1963) reldtively recent introductions to dogma of 294 women refused abortions; as abortion was accepted by the Church 11% obtained them illegally before 'quickening' (mid-pregnancy) until 29% showed significant psychiatric 1869, Thirdly, the official view is distrubance Curettes contrary to the popular view of many 16% needed therapeutic abortion in catholics themselves as it is estimated the next pregnancy that '^-3/5 of the catholics in AustraUa 13% required sterilization favour some form of legalized comprehen­ 31% continued their pregnancy but sive abortion. felt to be providing a poor environ­ In a Right to Life pamphlet (July ment for the child 1971), ironically. President Nixon was quoted by the organization as an upholder or Cradles? CONTRACEPTION of their views in America. V. ABORTION "From personal and religious beliefs, Before going any furtiier the argument I consider abortion an unacceptable form of contraception versus abortion should of population control. Further unrestricted be looked into briefly. Contraception is abortion policies, or abortion on demand, of course preferable to abortion for 1 cannot square with my personal belief m the. sanctity of human life-including everyone concerned. However at the the life of the yet unborn . . . Ours is a moment contraception needs to be supple­ nation with a /udco-Christian heritage. mented by abortion for many reasons. UNBORN BABIES It is also a nation with serious social Firstly there arc people who arc problems-problems of lamnutrition, of unable to use contraception due to l)rokcn homes, of poverty and of dcliquency. medical or physical retardation. Apart from But none of these problems justifies such a Ihis most obvious example the overall solution. A good and generous people will ARE ignorance of birth control due to in­ not opt. , . it will open its hearts and adequate sec education in schools and homes to the unwanted children of its other institutions, hck of information own as it has done for the unwanted and its dissemination, and the relative millions of other lands." DEFENCELESS non-co-operation on sex education on the part of G.P's, etc., all create the need Professor Paul Ehrlich described this for abortion as an alternative. Socially, view as follows: things such as the ban on the advertising "Nixon, of course has come out against of contraception, religious dogma and the abortion; he has a great feeling for foetal life, but once it stops being a foetus he often adverse media coverage of contra- doesn't give much of a damn." cpption devices, add to the problem. The Does this view sum up much of the overall shortage of family planning clinics attitudes of many of our own anti- (there arc twelve operating in Australia) abortionists? plus unsympathetic doctors create further will YOU The question of the right to abortion difficulties. Financial considerations must must surely be a decision a woman must also be taken into account. When one make with the help of medical advice considers that of the 43,000 large families fiom a sympathetic doctor. This is her Ul Australia 22% are on or below the right. The situation at the moment was poverty line this financial aspect is a accurately described by Dr W.S. Benwell: very real problem. "So while a bclligerant drunken driver say NO can condidently expect a restoration of his RIGHT TO LIFE battered leg in an aura of respectability and In conclusion it is necessary to comment, indulgence (not to mention expense to I feel, on the attitudes of groups such as society), a nearly demented woman must Right to Life and the R.C. Church, hawk her pregnant uterus from door to which are so divorced from the reality of door in a climate of fear, censure and the real question of abortion. The views even grave risk , . . Perhaps doctors for them? handed down by the CSiurch for example should cease listening to doctors and are, firstly, views of male priests, bishops, resume listening to patients. Especially to the Pope, etc., who would never them­ pregnant women." D.L.P. merger This marriage between the Country Party positions on the Senate ticket). Obviously, slogan for the DLP). Another attribute ational resources and the rapidly depleting and D.L.P. in Queensland was consummated any overtures to the DLP would have they share is that they view industrial urban vote of the DLP as a means of on June 18th when party leaders met in been just the thing to rub the Libs up the relarions almost exclusively ui terms of intensifying its thrust mto the south-east, Brisbane for detailed discussions on the wrong way-and have Webster 'rolled'. frustrating union amalgamations. It is not as a counter to Labor's gain. However this surprising that Hutchinson, the Stole seems a short sighted policy as any gain amalgamation. As it stands now the merger North of the border, in NSW, Anthony Secretary of the DLP should point out the Country Party makes will be at the between the DLP and Counuy Party will was no more successful. We had Sir Charles after the June 18th meeting that the parties expense of the Liberal, and not Labor, be confined to Queensland, though Doug Cutler (the Country Party leader m NSW), had "Similar policies on foreign affairs, Party. Yet the forthcoming Federal election Anthony's still mumbling something about indignantly retortuig that a merger was defence, decentralization, and industrial is not necessarily the primary consideration an alliance at the Federal level. Which is "out of the question". Out of the question probably a reference to campaign and matters". But also a minor parties they've in this move for some attempt must be partly because the Country Party is the made to broaden the base of electoral electoral tactics, as they're unlikely to junior parmer in Askins government and acted as political opportunists and have support in Queensland-particulariy at differ much on pariiamentary tactics- there was a feeling such a move could developed the sort of political flexibility the expense of the Liberal Party-to merged or otherwise. Anthony has been strain relations in the coalition. Also, needed to pull off a merger despite any maintain die Country Party's stotus as canvassing this idea of an amalgamation as despite Jack Kane's accession to the Senate, ostensible differences in approach. senior partner in the coalition. In short, part of his effort to establish the Country the DLP normally does not poll strongly Party as a "national" party, aware that the gerry-mander is not the long term Ul NSW, so there was little to be gained But when then is the advantage to the answer for the Country Party in Queensland both demographic trends and the existence vote-wise. parties in bedding down together? For of effective rural lobbies in both the and the Liberals present just as.much the DLP in Queensland it is most probably threat to Country Patty ascendency in Liberal and Labor Parties are eroduig Which left (Jueensland (the other States a matter of political survival. On a joint Country Party Support in its traditional are mostly .wuidow dressing in terms of Queensland (if not more) than the DLP-CP ticket, the DLP will still have Labor Party. strongholds. However, the State branches organization for the DLP-to justify its senate representation whereas the chances of (where the real power in the Country own pretensions to being a naUonal party- DLP surviving the next Senate elections The State branch of the Liberal Party has Party lies) have hardly greeted his pro­ so they can be quietly ignored). The idea alone in the political wilderness, with their now resigned itself to the fact of amal­ posal with open arms, Doug these days has of a united front against those ansty- only sitting (jueensland senator, Condon gamation in Queensland and has added begun to look like a jilted suitor-many centralizmg-atheistic so-and-sos in Canberra, Bryne, have rated very poorly. As a double Kathryn Martin to their senate ticket, in times over. apparenUy appealed to the Queensland dissolution is inevitable next year, there will addition to re-indorsing Bonner for the branch and so the State Country Party senate. The "Brisbane Australian" (June State parties, for starters, don't like their be two interesting aspects in light of the Conference held in Townsville agrectl to merger. Firstly, in relation to contest for 26th) repotted Livingston, the Liberal Party autonomy being trod on (whether thft the merger in principle. State Secretary, as saying that it was not treading is real or symbolic). But more im­ Senate seats, the traditional situation known how the Senate nominations would portantly there are the local issues which As far as principles, or anything else (caused by the system of proportional be affected by the Country Party-DLP colour the thinking of the State CP (including a lack of them) for that matter, representation) where Labor is assured of merger in Queensland. Which in itself is a wheeler-dealers. The Country Party in goes, there's no real obstacle to throwing two seats, the Liberal-Country Party comment on the way the coalition operates. Victoria got the message quite dramatically the DLP and Country Party into the melting assured of two seats and everybody that the DLP was not the panacea for pot except for political expediency. The (minority parties like the DLP included) The Liberals are blundering around in the their troubles during the Victorian Sate differences in ideology between the two competes for the fifth scat, there will dark unsure of their position over this election when the DLP vote declined are water-thin. The Country Party is full be the additional complication of a tangle merger and its so-called coalition partner drastically. For the 91 candidates "who of DLP-like concern for the family . . . between the Liberals and the merged doesn't attempt to shed any light on the do give a damn" (Mainly about families), and its corollary, a paranoic fear of any DLP-CP over the "reserved" non-Labor progress of the discussions. But the Libs, the Victorian electorate saw fit to give sexual relationship outside the formal seats. Then tliere's the Country Party's should be resigned to this sort of tutelage them the cold shoulder. The DLP vote family structure. Anthony summed it up ambitions of contesting city seats. Malcohn by now, anyway. dropped from 13.28 per cent in 1970 to during the 1972 election campaign in his Mackerras, writing in "Labor to Power", Peter Murphy. 7,46 per cent in the May election, Quite policy speech by saying that "at the heart discerned two distinct voting patterns in Queensland. Firstly the densely settled realistically, the Victorian Country Party of the Country Party's philosophy is the •«• leader, Ross Edwards, preferred the survival to the maxunum extent of the south-east, where eight of the eleven seats comment that he could see "no political family farm". Both are strbigently anti- recorded swings to Labor, and S-E advantage" in a merger. But he had other communist but these days that's like Queensland as an entity recorded an 9 worries as well. Pre-eminently in the form flogging a dead horse, so instead they overall swing to Labor hi stark contrast to of the anti-Country party lobby in the advocate a retention of SEATO . . . another the swing against it m the other seven Victorian Liberal Party State Executive who dead horse. And both arc resigned to a form outlying scats. During the 1972 election, were pushing to have Senator Webster of economic fundamentalism moulded the Country Party contested, albeit (C.P., Vic) dropped from the joint senate around a policy of decentralization (which, feebly, the Brisbane metropolitan seats of /f^AK ^pl$o^/ ZVOBGO (A.NoCp ticket so the Liberals could "go it alone". in Country Party terms, means excessive Brisbane and Petrie. In all probability the (Liberal candidates would fill all three subsidies to the rural sector; and a heady Country Party wants to use the organiz­ Gay Liberation Manifesto

In the last issue of Semper Floreat, CAMPUS CAMP presented the first part of a Gay Liberation Manifesto, outlining Ihc ways in which homosexuals arc oppressed in our society. In this issue, wc try to look into why homosexuals should be so oppressed, as a prelude lo under­ standing how wc can achieve our own life style and realise our own liberation, a liberation which implies a wider liberation affecting society as a whole, CAMPUS CAMP is a homosexual action group formed lo work for Ihe recognition of the rights of homosexuals, bolli male and female, within our society, and to contribute to ihe wider struggle for com­ plete sexual and personal liberation. Anyone interested in furthering these aims, or who Wants to find out more about CAMPUS CAMP, is urged to contact CAMPUS CAMP, c/- Sludenis' Union Office, or lo ring 70 7469.

A GAY LIBERATION MANIFESTO PART II ANALYSIS WHY WE'RE OPPRESSED Gay people arc oppressed. As we've sliown in the first pari of Ihis Manifesto, wc face Ihc prejudice, hostility and violence of straight society, and the opportunities open to us in work and leisure arc rcsUicled, compared to those open to straight people. Shouldn't wc demand re­ forms thai will give us tolerance and equality? Certainty wc should-in a liberal- democratic society, legal equality and the protection fiom attack arc Ihc very least everyone is taught that these and only wife and family to support; he would not narrow parthachal family, so that the wc sliould ask for. They arc our civil these two roles arc appropriate. give himself fully to his work witiiout the sexist, male supremacist system can no rights. supportive and reassuring little group ready longer be nurtured there. Our entire society is built around the lo follow him about and gear itself to fit But gay liberation docs not just mean re­ patriarchal family and its cnshrincmcnt of his needs, to put up with his ill temper WE CAN DO IT forms, Il means revolutionary change in these "masculine" and "feminine" roles. when he is frustrated or put down by our whole society. Is this really necessary? Religion, popular molality, art, literature, the boss at work. Yet although this struggle will be hard, and Isn't it hard enough for us to win reforms song and sporl all reinforce these stereo­ our victories not easily won, we are not in within the present society? and how will types. In other words, Ihis society is a Were it not also for the captive wife, fact being idealistic to aim at abolishing we engage the support of straight people sexist society, in which one's biological educated by advertising and everything she the nuclear family and the cultural dis- if wc ourselves get branded as revolutionaries? sex delermines almost all of what one reads into believing she needs even more tincUons between men and women. True, does and how one docs it; a situation in goodies for the home, for her own beaut- Reforms may make things beticr for a these have been with us throughout which men and objects for their use, both ification and for the children's wcllbcing, while: changes in law can make straight history, yet humanity is at last in a position sexually and otherwise. our economic system could not function where wc can progress beyond this. people a little less hostile, a little less properly, depending as it docs on people aggressive, a little more tolcrant-but re­ Since all children are taught so young that buying far more manufactured goods than Only reactionaries and conservatives believe form cannot change the deep-down altitude boys sliould be aggressive and adventurous, Ihey need. The housewife, obsessed with the in the idea of "natural man". Just what is of straight people that homosexuality is girls passive and pliant, most children do necessity to own as many material goods so different in human beuigs from the al best inferior lo their own way of life, at tend lo behave in these ways as they get as possible, is the agent of this higli level rest of the animal kingdom is precisely worst a sickening perversion. It will take older, and to believe that other people of spending. None of these goods will their "unnaturalncss". CivUization, in fact, more than legal reforms to change this should do so too. cvci satisfy her, since there is always some­ is our evolution away from the limitations attitude bcuusc it is rooted in our society's So sexism does not become oppressive just thing better to be had, and the surplus of the natural environment and towards its most basic inslituUon: the Patriarchal Family. to gay people, but to all Women as well. of these pseudo-necessities goes hand in ever more complex control It is not We've all been brought up lo believe that II is assumed that because women bear hand with the genuinely necessary goods "natural" to Uavel in planes. It is not the family is the source of our happiness children, they should and must rear them, and services such as adequate housing "natural" to take medicines and perform and comfort, Bui look at Ihc family more and be simultaneously excluded from other and schools. operations. Clothing and shoes do not grow closely. Within the small family unit, in spheres of achievement and activity. on trees. Animals do not cook their food. This evolution has been made possible which the dominant man and the submissive However, as the indoctrination of the small THE SANCTITY OF THE FAMILY woman bring up their children in tlicir own by the development of technology-i.e. child with these attitudes is not always The ethic and ideological culture of western iniugc, all our attitudes towards sexuality all those tools and skills which help us to cnlUcly successful (if it were, there would society has been conveniently summed up arc learned at a very cariy age. Almost alter or control tlie natural environment. be no gay people for a start), the ideas by the enemy. Here is a quotation, in­ hcfoie we can talk, certainly before wc tkaen in by the young child almost uncon­ tended quite seriously, from 77ie American We have now reached the stage at which can think for ourselves, wc arc taught that sciously must be reinforced by the frequent Primer The author, Dr Fred Brown, stales: the human body itself, and even the re­ there arc certain attributes that arc masculine expression of "masculine superiority", if "Our values in Western civilization arc production of the species, is being and others thai arc feminine, and that they not hatred of women, by a male chauvinist founded on the sanctity of the'family, "unnaturally" interfered with (i.e. arc God-given and unchangeable. Beliefs society which accepts women only on the the righl to property, and the worlh- improved) by technology. Reproduction learned so young arc very hard to change; basis that Ihey arc in fact lesser beings whileness of 'getting ahead'. The family can used to be Icfi completely to the un­ but in fact these arc false beliefs. What wc (and giri-chQdrcn are encouraged to accept be established only through heterosexual controlled biological processes inherited learned and arc still taught about the differ­ and internalise this belief as well), Thus intercourse, and this gives the woman a from our animal ancestors, but modern ences between man and woman is prop­ ALL children arc indocuinatcd with the high value." (Note the way in which science, by drastically lowering Infant aganda, not truth. idea of male power and male privilege, woman is appraised as a form of property.) mortality, has made it unnecessary for The trutli is that there arc no proven and while ii is quite possible for a gay man "Property acquisition and worldly success women to have more than two or three systematic differences between male and to be a male chauvinist, his very existence arc viewed as distinctly masculine aims. The babies, while contraceptives have made female, apart fiom the obvious biological does itself challenge male chauvinism individual who is outwardly masculine but possible the conscious control of pregnancy ones. Male and female genitals and re­ insofar as he rejects his male supremacist appears to fall into the feminine class by and the freeing of sexuality from re­ productive systems arc different, and so arc role over women, and perhaps particularly reason. . . of his preference for other production. Women need no longer be certain oilier physical characteristics, but if he rejects "masculine" qualities. men denies these values of our civilizaiton. burdened with the producrion of children all differences of temperament, aptitudes, In denying them he belittles those goals as their main task in life (their "fulfilment"), and so on, arc Ihc result of upbringing It is because of the patriarchal family which carry weight and much emotional and need be still less in the future. and social pressure. Tlicy arc not inborn. that reforms arc not enough. Freedom colouring in our society and thereby earns Human beings could be much more various for gay people will never be permanently the hostility of those to whom these Tlie present gender-role system of "masculine" than our artificially constructed patterns won until everyone is freed from sexist values arc of great importance." and "feminine" is based on the way that of "masculine" and "feminine" pcrmit-wc role-playing and the straight-jacket of reproduction was generally and originally should be free to develop with greater sexist rules about our sexuality. And wc Wc agree with his description of our society organised. Men's freedom from the pro­ will not be freed from these so long as each individuality. But these things, as Ihcy arc and its values-but wc reach a different longed physical function of bearing children succeeding generation is brought up in the at present, arc the only two stereotyped conclusion. Wc gay men and women do gave them a privileged position which same way in Ihe sexist patriarchal family. roles into which everyone is supposed to fit, deny these values of our civilization. We was reinforced by an ideology of male believe the society Dr Brown describes is superiority. But technology has now and most people-including gay people But why can't we change the way in an evil society. We believe thai work in an advanced to a stage at which the gender- too-arc apt to be alarmed when they hear which children arc brought up without advanced industrial society could be role system is no longer necessary. these stereotypes of gender roles atlackcd, attempting to transform the whole fabric organised on more humane lines, with fearing that children "won't know how to of society*' However, social evolution does not auto­ grow up if Ihey don'l have anyone to each job more varied and more pleasurable, and that the way society is at present matically take place with the steady advance identify with", or that "everyone will be Because sexism is not just an accident- organised operates in the interest of a small of technology. The gender-role system the same"; i.e., that there will be utter it is an essential part of our present and the family unit built around it will ruling group of straight men who claim chaos or total conformity. Tlicre would be, society, and cannot be changed without not disappear just because they have most of the status and the money, and in fact, a greater variety of models and the whole society changing with it. In Ihc , ceased to be necessary. The sexist not in the interests of the people as a more freedom for experimentation, but first place, our society is dominated at culture gives straight men privileges whole. We also believe that our economic there is no reason lo suppose that this every level by men, who have an interest which, like those of any privileged class, would lead inevitably to chaos. in preserving the status quo; secondly, the resources could be used in a much more will not be surrendered without a struggle, present system of work and production valuable and constructive way than they so that all of us who arc oppressed by this depends on the existence of the patriarchal arc at the moment-but that will not culture (women and gay people too), must STF.REOTYPES family. Conservative sociologists have happen until the present pattern of male band together to fight it. The end of the domination in our society changes too. By our very existence as gay people, wc pointed out that the small family unit of sexist culture and of the family unit will challenge these roles. It can easily be seen two parents and their chQdren is essential That is why any reforms we might pain­ benefit all women, and all gay people as that homosexuals don't fit into stereo­ in our contemporary advanced industrial fully extract from our rulers would only welL We must start working together with types of "masculine" and "feminine" society where work is minutely subdivided be fragile and vulnerable; that is why wc, women, since their oppression is our (liowevcr much ihey may try to), and and highly rcgulated~in other words, for along with the women's movement, must oppression and by working together we this is one of the main reasons why we Ihe majority, very boring, A man would fight for something more than reform. We can advance the day of our common become the object of suspicion, since not work at the assembly-line if he had no must also aim at the abolition of the libcratkin. this society is a sexist society N • • Alternative Education

familiar with Japanese, he may be the most any length of time. Any other source of will be able to feed itself as well as provide likely tutor to seek out an authority from income for the tutors will be left up to a concentration of learning experiences for the community of Brisbane simply because them. A donation box could be placed in all members. Moreover, skills such as pottery, of his particular leaning. In other words I the eating hall for visitors who stay for a macrame, knitting, candle-making could 1 envisage the school as a small commun­ suggest the roles of the tutors to be that meal. provide a good income for the school ity of people immersed in the larger of CO-ORDINATORS-providIng the These are obviously drastic transitional (and again provide yet another aspect of community of Brisbane. It will be located means by which the students can obtain proposals but they appear to be the only education). within 20 miles of Brisbane on a farm the learning experience that Ihcy them­ ones possible in order to remove the surrounded by trees and cultivcabic land Part time work by members of the selves ask for. possibility of the school's becoming a school could also help. What I am saying (probably Brookficld or Samford). Initially 'more liberal state school' I wish to dis­ I expect about 20 students most of whom is that it is the people involved in tlie THE ROLE OF CONTRIBUTORS associate the school totally from any school who make it succeed, not the money. would be over 14 but I hope the school concept of fee-paying by the student and FROM THE COMMUNITY OF I am now in the process of working will eventually cater for all ages. There mil wage-earning by the tutor. be about 5 or 6 tutors (whose role I will BRISBANE towards such a school for 1974. If you (b) Long term proposals: define later) who will live at the farm on wish to as well, then let me know of your To begin with, it must be the people Briefly 1 wish the school to become a permanent basis. The students will have existence. I can be found at of Brisbane who breathe life into the an agriculturally based financially self- Ihc option of sleeping at the school on a 8 LANDSBOROUGH TERRACE school. Only those who can sec what such contained community. To do so will pro­ permanent, part-weekly or occasional basis. TOOWONG Oust behind Ihc a school could offer to both the members and mote the exciting combination of practical In this way I hope that strong relationships REGATTA HOTEL) other communities will be motivated to living and education. I hope that by will flourish among all members of the help found the school. And yet, though raising fowls, cows, and crops, the school JOHN RADECKl school. these people will contribute their ideas In conjunction with the permanent tutors and skills to the school, they must sec there will be a periphery of contributors the necessity of granting the school auton­ drawn from the larger community of omy. By this I mean that the only Brisbane. They will offer skills, materials, decision-making body can be that com­ or services to the school. In return the prising those totally involved in tlic life of members of the school will contribute to the school-the students and the resident the community of Brisbane in what ever tutors (with Itic possibility of others who way they can. By this correspondence tlic arc totally involved in the school but for school, although having an identity of its various reasons cannot actually live at own, will not be alienated in any way from the school). other communities but will take part with I suggest that the decision-making body them in an exchange of viewpoints and ( comprised as I said of ail those totally services. committed to the school) be designed on a basis of one man-one vote WITH NO WHY A SPECIFIC LOCATION EXCEPTIONS, Tliere could be a need for a FOR THE SCHOOL? rotating chairmanship (everyone has a turn) for purposes of administration during the One of Ihc most filling experiences to meetings but I sec no need for any other be enjoyed by a human being expresses governmental structure within Ihis itself in the realization of the worth of community. others and the realization lliat others recognize his worth. That each person is THE ROLE OF THE STUDENTS ^• potentially a source of new experiences and a source of enrichment for others is one With the students rests the bulk of principle around which any educative responsibility towards the success of the system should be built. school. Without their willingness, co­ I believe that this principle is most operation, and sheer effort, the school will easily observed in a small community if not live long. the members have a specific place where For this reason I am appealing to they can share experiences during the students who are at present in State course of their lives. Schools and who are totally dissatisfied Further 1 believe it is most important with the educative practices existing there. for people to live in an environment Tlierc must be among such students those which would promote a strong sense of who can see the value of the school I GROUP FEELING. By this 1 do not allude propose and who are willing to make it to any form of elitism. I simply mean work. that the members of the school, living in such an environment, would develop a THE EDUCATIVE CLIMATE sense of co-operation; a sense of respons­ OF THE SCHOOL ibility towards one'ariothcr. They would sec the necessity of compromise; tliat is, This can be summed up adequately with the need to limit one's own freedom for the statement that the curriculum will be the sake of other's. quite open. No one area of education will be emphasised (.illowing of course for the particular bias of individuals). For example, THE ROLE OF THE RESIDENT whereas in State Schools academic TUTORS disciplines predominate, at this school As 1 mentioned before, 4 to 6 tutors they will be provided for if and only if would live at the school (the numbers arc they arc asked for by the student. In this by no means definite). 1 shall now outline a way academic prowess attains the same tentative proposal as to whal their roles status as carpentry or basket-making. If a might be: I would hope that each tutor, student wishes to study a particular by virtue of his own education have a aspect of life then both he and the tutor leaning towards at least one of the follow­ concerned should work together in order Blue fiUIHITE ing broad categories of human endeavour: to set up the means by which the student can attain his goal. (1) EXPRESSION (theatre, music, all forms of creativity, etc.) (2) LANGUAGE (poetry, literature, CABJ 114. languages, etc.) THE FINANCIAL SIDE OF (3) SCIENCE (physics, maths, biology, THINGS chemistry, etc.) (a) Transitional Proposals: (4) SOCIAL SCIENCE (history, politics, I propose that a farm be leased for a AND economics, law, etc.) year or two and I am prepared to pay for These broad categories are not meant to it myself if necessary. exclude one another and in fact, a close Tlie resident tutors must be prepared to co-relation would be sought. They merely live on literally subsistence levels (such VOUR union serve as a rough guide as to how a division must be their dedication). of labour could occur among the tutors. I ask the patents of the students I must also stress that the tutors are not attending the school to continue, for a combbe to offer all students expected to have expertise in all aspects of while, in assistuig their sons and daughters their particular categories. Perhaps I can financially (clothing, food, books, etc). best explain by means of an example; I propose a trial term during which suppose one tutor has a leaning towards all students (parents really, 1 suppose) tlie category of Language and a student give $5 per week to the school. This wishes to study the Japanese language. money will feed the resident tutors and Although the tutor may not be at all the students if they sleep at the school for HUGE DISCQUflTS

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socialist systems that arc tyrannies that aggrieved citizens can provoke hearings, DA VE BROWN: What about an engineer, and it is accepted thti they have the even ITT would be proud to emulate over disciplinary hearings, and they can enter knowing something that should be reported right to operate this way. It is accepted consumers. For example, on the basic and penetrate the bureaucracy in a number to the public, he is torn between loyalty that they have the right to operate across structures that have lo be developed, that of ways and impose sanctions on individ­ to his family, his fob, the community. national boundaries. It is not at all accepted the victims control their environment so uals responsible for certain decisions. You that citizens have the right to do that, I that people who are served by institutions can't go overboard on that because then Well, he becomes an underground. You just landed at the airport at Qld. Brisbane control them. That can be done in some you will inhibit people from taking any know, in other words, if a company says, and I was asked by a reporter:-the fust instances by co-operative movements, by action in the bureaucracy and the corpor­ "If you tell the truth you will be fired", question. "How do you fee! that you have community development movements, like ations can use that too you see. But the He sais to himself "I want to tell the the right lo criticise Australia?" The easy in U.S., Community Development Corpor­ balance is tipped in the direction of the truth and I don't want to be fued". Smce answer to that is that I have an obligation ations. It can be developed by shareholder Civil Service unmunity. there arc no grievance procedures, no appeals to see how American companies are type corporations, you have to look at the procedures, no company ombudsmen, his behaving in Australia; but I didn't give JOE EVANS (Consumer Action Group): problem and see what kind of structure only alternative in effect is to release this them the easy answer, I gave them a Do you find that the libel laws in America will not ossify. There ate so many solutions mformation through unofficial channels to harder answer and that's a very important that are really their worst enemies, you (they are State wide laws, I understand) those who can do somethuig about it:say tradition that we have to establish. have got to keep a flow of access by are a barrier? government authorides or consumer groups. people constantly being open. You will No barrier. With the possible cxceprion that There is a canon of ethids which says that DR BERTRAM WAINER: I was wondering if an engineer detects a haaard in a product never get structured power responsive in a some newspapers use it as a pretext not Mr Nader if you avoid Social Welfare he is working on and he appeals to the society unless you develop unstructured to publish proper names and private names, non-crime, civil liberties Having built for management and they don't do anything power, and that is what citizen power is. but that is very fast diminishing. yourself enormous influence and power, Otizcn power is so important because it is about it, he is duty bound to go to outside aren't you now having the clean slice of the not a predetermined value system. It is a JOE EVANS: And do they publish product authority with his information because his cake, by just concentrating on this consumer value system that arises out of the facts names , . . primary allegiance is to the public interest. protection, citizen protection. Surely No, you talk to engineers in the U.S. and that given time, and given people who Yes, that is a recent phenomena for instance involves those areas. You should be at a they have probably never heard of that want to organize this-the key thing is to the "Wall Street Journal", every time the stage where you should launch out and canon. Because it is one of those things let them have the kind of tools and entry food and drug agency lists 45 toy companies have an enormous effect in those areas? you hang up on the wall and never really where they can decisively shape a particular that produce dangerous toys, the Journal give them operational concept. But it is As far as I can see, paradosically, there structured environment. Labour unions arc publishes the names, one after the other. there vesy clearly, inlernarional societies are far more people working in those areas a structured power. Vou have no un­ In the U.S. today there is a big rage to engineering ethics. than in the areas we are working in-there arc structured power. The rank and file detect sanitation violations by restaurants all kinds of Civil Liberty groups, local labouring unions in U.S. have very little the N.Y. Times publishes all the names of DR BERTRAM WIANER: Have you regional and national, working in tlicsc areas. unstructured power to overturn, displace, the restaurants. Every week or month when considered working in non-vfctim crime Also the so-called victimless crhnes people change their particular political environment their report comes out it lists all the areas? arc becomuig very militant and organized; and their leader, so what do you have- restautants and the addresses. but in the area of corporations that is uicrcasing tyranny, rigged elections, No, we are more concerned with victuns the hardest nut to crack in the country. corruptions, complicity with management JOE EVANS: We have a big barrier out without crimes thancrimes without victims, here on that libel law. There is not any other group working on and so on, no unstructured power. The by which 1 mean there are many victims it apart from our groups and one or two biggest obstacle, intellectually, to this whole Yes you do. in the U,S. who are not protected by others in a part time effort. movement is an penchant for a Composite criminal law. Pollution is one until very world view that you can call an ideology- VILMA WARD: Mr Nader, I am from recently. You can get deadly respiratory DR BERTRAM WAINER: But you have the Consumers against Rising Prices, the Ihat is extremely dangerous. It docs have ailments because of a company's pollution, international status, the other groups I know housewives' group to try to get a better one redeeming value: it is a great motivating which wasn't considered a crime, and we about do not. What is going on in the deal for housewives. Have you got apathy factor, it has a very simple message and think that is a more serious area facing the slates as far as these matters are concerned in America the same as we have? How do people can rally around it in a religious law at the present time. Because technology one wonders if it isn't time for you to we get over this? sense, but it ends up devastating far more is always so far ahead of the law in terms consider lending support to those groups. than it grows. Apathy is the common bond of mankuid of harmful impact and the political influence What are you talking about in particular? everywhere we see it as a group. We ought of corporations is so far ahead in terms of DA VID CRAWFORD: In the active field to find out what other sunilar groups are their writing their own laws and keeping the I'm talking about issues such as Abortion wliat are the most dangerous things to the doing. Like in Japan-there is a very strong sanctions low or non-existent so, that we law reform, civil liberties, helping the under growth of a movement of citizen action group m Japan-and also in the U.S. There are really interested in that aspect. That is privileged rather than this nice clean attack groups. is a Housewives group in (Chicago, the most where we emphasise our resources. on monopolies? militant in the country-it develops Internecine warfare. You know, people who HARRY THROSSEL: Would it be true to . . . The American Civil Liberties Union has inspections sheets of supermarkets and squabble, ego trips inbetwcen groups. We say that in organising for change one of the a couple of thousand lawyers alone, we food markets. It goes in once a week and mentioned that ui "Action For Change", first things is to provide employment for have 40 lav^ers. That is just one civil starts inspecting the market and fill sout for example, we had 23 PIRG groups in the researchers and advocates outside the liberties group, the biggest one to be sure. the blanks and presents it to the manager. the organizational process. Last year about existing institutions? Groups have to get In the abortion law reform, that is pro­ Pickets the manager's place. It develops' 12 made it, five were rejected by the together and find enough money and then ceeding very rapidly now, they, had a regents, those who rule the Universities, food code datuig disclosures, so that people employ people. litde bit of backtab recently but they very narrow margins and the rest collapsed know when perishable products have have terribly strong political groups behind out of this type of situation. • perished, e.g., cheese. They have a secret Yes,well you will get more effervescence in that. Now they may have dozens of code date on them. the established organisations and business representaU've senators and voting power as BOB PHELPS: Is there a tendency for and government, if the people who get well. How many people are working on them to become structured like die power VILMA WARD: This is what we are after, kicked out know there is somewhere to go, to have frozen foods stamped as to what nr and these kind of companies? They are structure you 're opposing. and that has to be developed. There needs poisoning people, people are dying because date they are processed. to be a really specific economic analysis Yes, that is what you try to avoid. There of the way the food companies operate in if the public mterest movement. You need arc elaborate precautions against that in Well, you probably have a code system in the country, pharmaceutical companies and to ask yourself why is any money needed, the way the student Universities state-wide Australia. You see most wholesalers demand so forth-there is virtually nobody at all. that from flieir suppliers so that they can just work from zero; that is what we do- PlRGs arc organized on a state level and There are huge diversions of tax resources tcU when the product perishes. we start from zero. The burden of proof is on a local level, so that if any one branch that go into helpuig the under privileged, on individuals to support their request for or go Into corporations because of the gets ossified it doesn't necessarily effect JOE EVANS: That is not general in funds. For instance, if you have a couple, the other branch. Australia, Mr Nader. manipulation of subsidies or tax policy in both of whom are lawyers, (husband, wife)- the U.S. Government. You want to go PETER SHEEHY: In the U.S. are many Well, that should be a cause for a disclosure. wife works in government or husband works overseas. It is even more serious, the boot people using the citizen suit provisions found in government, why should the other have JOE EVANS: Even pharmaceutical drugs- on Brazil from our country does not in your different pieces of legislation. (0 command the high salary, why? So they the majority of (hose which do detiorale come from your listed concerns, it comes can live a bourgeoisie existence, get a new Yes, they are increasingly, but nothing like do not have a date on them. from the "Fortune 500" corporations. what should be. You sec in any civilized car and split level ranch home every few That is what we have to pay attention to. DAVE BROWN (Engineering Student): Can society having a General Motors, there years. If the wife, for example, is getting you give me any idea how to get through sliould be 1,000 civil suits a week filed 15-17 thousand dollars working as a lawyer BOB PHELPS: You seem to have mainly against them but there aren't. to the Engineering Students-how to in government, why shouldn't the husband lawyers in your movement. Are there mobilise them, and the professions work for $4,000 dollars (or for nothing) in places in your organisation where people PETER SHEEHY: Does your group hire themselves? a public mterest law firm-the reverse is with other kinds of expertise can work. lawyers to fight the case? One way is to have work on prototype true. What we try to do is develop a labor As we grow we will have room for more No, we don't deal with individual cases. models, i.e., superior models, like in the value system where the main thing you are positions-engineers scientists, etc., but the Wc try to maintain that area of lawyers States they're working on less polluting after is labour hours-some have to be paid' first barrier is usually a legal one, i.e. the wi thout clients because we want to work engines, developing their own engines. for, some don't have to be paid for and size of our success is the degree to which on broader policy changes, but we pay a Another issue is to show engineer students some have to be paid for at a very smalt the lawyers are a smaller proportion to the great deal of attention to specific cases how they are enginecred-you know make level. So now we have developed a system overall number of people and more skills as evidence and as material. I get over them feel that they are a subject of an where we have law school graduates coming are brought in. You sec this js like, the 2,000 letters a week and they're very engineering process in their curriculum, in out. They can command literally $18,000 advance scout has to be the lawyer. carefully combed over and some of them what they are expected to learn, what their fust year and they work for us for liavc ted to the recall of millions of cars. they are expected to spend their tune on. $4,500 dollars. U.S. dollars, namely $4,000 DICK WIDDOWS: Time's runnout out, I Tliat is the preliminary evidence that gives And put them to work individually on Australian. That is the kind of ethics wc think we will have to stop about here. On us leads. We arc focusing on whole subjects outside their cnguiccring area. We try to develop in the areas. behalf of all present I'd like to thank you, consumer complaint process in America. had some students (engineers) go to work Mr Nader, for bearing with us. PETER WERTHIEM: How do you see Now it's handled by companies, by unionj, on aviation safety and they thought it your movement in regard to the way Western (clapping) by government agencies. was all engineering. They started asking Societies are going. It is my view that questions of the Federal Aviation Admin­ PETER SHEEHY: Are many citizens taking Western liberal societies are beginning to istration-engineering questions. The third VILMA WARD: Just before you go Ralph, on these agencies. fall apart, for very good reasons and that a week they started asking economic questions may I have your autograph for my daughter. profound change of values is required, for Well if they can find a lawyer, yes. and Ihe sixth week they started asking Oaughtcr) I don't give autographs. example we must stop consuming as much political questions. Before they finsihcd PETER SHEEHY: Aren't many people and link up wilh the injustice of under­ VILMA WARD: OH- please. they started realising what the real willing to do this? developed countries etc. obstacles were to safety in general aviation They enduce vicarious, lack of self Many people are willing to do it. Wc are aeroplanes. So they developed an extremely I started as a student very uiductivety, reliance. . . just opening this area up. We have just broad experience that cycled back to giving you don't get anywhere inductively, you (rest drowned out by laughter and clapping). finished a report on the civil service called them a greater understanding that if they have got to work deductively. The only the SpU System-take off of the words were really going to fulfill their engineering way you can get people used to a process 'spoils systems' that It was supposed to professional mis^on they were going to of change proceeding from their experiences, counteract. A 150 years ago a president have to to take a broader view and be gripes and problems they experience on a PUBLIC INTEREST would win and a whole heap of his cronies concerned with the economic and political daily basis. We haven't seen much of a RESEARCH GROUP would come in. It was a spoil system-to aspects of their subject. Now the traditional popular relation to the Salt talks-it the vklor belonged the spoils, that was approach would have been to put these diesn't work that way. The other point b MEETING the cry of Jacksonian democracy and along engineers with lawyers and economists exactly whal I am trying to do-you'll came the civil service in the late 19th having an interdisciplhiajy approach-that is see it developed hi the next few days, i,c. J. D. STOREY ROOM cent. It was the first reglatory agency- ridiculous. Make them force themselves to there is no tolerance in this worid for now it has become the spoil system and become Interdisciplinary on a project then international citizenship efforts. Multi­ JULY 19TH we are tryhig to develop various principles they will never forget and they won't pass national corporations can operate trans- natk)nally, do the most outrageous things to go beyond mandamus actions whereby the buck. 7.l5p.m.-10.30p.in. THE FUTURE OF THE KILLER WEED IN AUSTRALIA l.What its about. 3.H0W Not To Get Busted. 2.The objections. 4. Legalizing Grass

1. WHAT ITS ABOUT 2. THE OBJECTIONS

I don't want you We are victims and beneficiaries of our to smoke grass. Wliy should I? Its none of environment. From birth wc are programmed my business. More and more people are by reality, and by the ideas of our smoking grass however, and sooner or parents, our peers, the mass media. As we later, in one way or another, its going mature our roles are chosen and we emerge to affect your life. into the world as pre-packaged humans, Grass is dangerous. Don't be fooled. defined by our clothes, our speech, our Grass, shit, pot, weed, cannabis, Indian mannerisms, our possessions, our sex. While hemp, dope, marijuana, is crumbled leaf individuality is extolled, conform ism is matter from the plant Cannabis sativa. encouraged. You roll it in a cigarette and smoke it. Attitudes to drugs are well programmed. Hotter than tobacco, you hold it down "Drug" is a 4-letter word, "Drugs" get you longer for the best results. Stronger effects hooked. "Drugs" lead to worse drugs. The are experienced when hashish is smoked. legal drugs are pushed on us by the mass Hash is a dark, tarry substances that is media. The Big Big Beer is Gold Top, take powdered and smoked with grass or Bex-B-E-X. . . Bex! for all pain. Have tobacco. Nowadays you can also obtain some cool, clean Consulate. "hash oil", a dark oily fluid which is And people use our ignotince for particularly potent. Grass, hash or oil, all their own ends. Politicians use "drugs" to contain Tetra-hydracannabinol (THC), a focus attention on minority groups. News­ chemical which causes intoxication. papers find references to "drug horrors" First few tunes you smoke, you may are good circulation boosters. The police get no effect at all. When you do, you know that nobody, magistrates included, realize that your "high" is nothing like has the faintest idea of the distinction that of alcohol. More than that cannot be between mild intoxicants and hard narcotics. said, smce being high is a very subjective The police don't seem to know themselves. experience. Regular users of grass consider Grass was banned largely through the it vastly preferable to alcohol, which most misguided efforts of one man. In the U.S.A. drink only occasionally or not at all. during the moral climate of ProhibiUon, <;iNGLE LEAF CAN CONSIST OF THREE However grass is dangerous. I kid thee not. Harry Anslinger of the Federal Bureau of rO FlEVtN LEAFLETS Narcotics focused attention on the fact that lllusiratiou nf c(mm})i.<}, t)r iwui}) FlFUEN HAVE BEEN It won't turn you into an addict, since a lot of people, particularly working class REPORTED it is non-addictive blacks, were turnong on. He launched a It won't make you thuik you can fly well-funded campaign, furst in the U.S. from the nearest building and then internationally, against the PftgalZ THE DAILY MIRROR It won't hurt you since it has no known "killer weed". He claimed that the side effects at all 'Assassin of Youth" was responsible for It certamly won't make you spew, fall "murders, suicides, robberies, criminal Just aj^ ^wmmmA but all over the place and wake up with a assaults, hold-ups, burglaries and deeds of hangover . . . maniacal insanity ..." Nobody in any it wa| troni a smistiMMreeo It won't make you want to rush out position of influence was much interested '^^B^ and commit crunes at the time, and legislation was passed in and an It certainly won't lead to "other drugs". the U.S. which lo this day can mean up ceniysePf ftlHvictu n to 40 years in jail for offenders. As Grass is dangerous because if you smoke tothli PMQcuui Atn* Id yUOaa Mo wiect. narcotic control was regarded as an uitcr- Umxm Um 1« fUnuT, odes tKvia. it-even once-then you become a cruninal. OH luiv •• Ot *)nlM Out umata am national program during Pax Americana, «MH ta k« art •*, UM Ut Mtka, (iU«r, Along with about a million other Australians more or less unfiorm laws were enacted iMlKf tM 1M iMat aHk u UK you have suddenly become liable to arrest around the globe. AMUXT MU vaiild ipcmk o( pnflt tiruf and prosecution. Even the suspicion con­ l> man hba ts( lurl dan*>* •< t>l«>, BU Some of the attitudes he promoted HfM at tine.WU l IM luU «U >r P\*'\vt inMi) in (net et btr, ba bandt bowels. Alcohol is legal. when they are born, they will become ttunm dnii t aooo, t Uiltd inui tMmml, n;ound dwpO't. be btad k»Dlng ta a B>B'< martyrs, saints, alcoholics or heroin addicts. li L« t"^*", nniN to tosint tad lil-ttc. And you can take Vincents with confidence! iMDf ntn who, ta UK Uim* «t % KIdltl* •! aj« Btt folnt bOM, Y» rUr* ti Or Benson & Hedges. (When only the practice to assume that it was the grass kutoMi tor nrw«l t» tbt tor <«. best will do!) that led to this state. What is not mentioned feMlkdttrtlu, tto tUl chsif taoi^ It Um. is that these personality types have tried Utm UHtj obtila Ult fliui-tlwi I UtH tt ttm ttK, a almltttt-raff. Iton nHibt ton toto t ttni M Ito ttttor I'm out to ban alcohol, nicotine, tka MJn tn hot oa U>t Utll et «a •» eu toactaif iM «bo «u Ulm ts a caffience or any of the other recreational practically every psychoactive chemical ytfMi mOctonr •mftr dub* by a paitir ot Jonwk, "I la* t Itlaid oulttde «ba «ni un Uu they could get their hands on. Smce Uqr (Kati tl tcm « musT m*. Ota a Bta nt at b«r ad^ mrtrtrw poUH U na Ml otoUt vtm air toatDitr .•• drugs society offers us. Why should I? PNUd acRct Utt M f ftt u aot jk tor t dftntl^ Xor «hicb to mtdt M Itn nlnttK.* Its none of my business. alcohol abuse is even more common in then (KM kr tbi poUct. w iTwclwT npvoi wt,^ itoift. n mt a dinr. llt»Ukbto, N •Mliht ctoH it7-j;Uh tMttU u4 Sooa ttit bKUM eat fitbi t litrt (». a h» aaatto tto vat ant tCltoM »||U. But it is nobody's damn business to case histories, it would be more logical to ft* »t% tnitaiti by Htell. Tbir tatat, ttaiiat tol) tor ttluj to tto •*** "nto conclude that alcohol leads to heroin •pmt* itan ID* Itul vun t'Mtt-tcsv •trd. Itauirtoppnilatmiantrvaata, tto come knocking on my door and enter my wnKft itifm. Ultitnun, •BU«UI ibo^ •to tub tonr MX ktw, ii,rt«». antvttttin mtr to }mirton OlodL addiction. chl« bfcaat slntatbi 4n« |iatU<« A dnntU mm utaMm 0)ti«b. ft k house and read alt my correspondence, to IM to (•««, It tRik IW(*H torn* tad dOM pcddlMk atl le cur It ds,Jt the aailoc pull up my lino, to search my clothing fM \f uHmxt* mn Hat ^nmm, Ito tratitoavAuB, toiB •( MM)^ and never.has been. Unlike tobacco there ' AP4 mu7 umUt telt«« n tax ttoto hassle me for hours on end. Nobody has is no compulsive physical desire for another *a>«aui tMttt, that right. Not for grass. Not on suspicion. At «H ^M ffv towtr, tauB hit. Like alcohol, sex and music,-it can be •nw tor bia* fw W fiktoM 114 And this can happen to me and it can mentally addictive-habituatiVe is the MiMtr, nUtOl UBW «a «HilH I* happen to you at any time of the day or •» kctM itaflB( M Mt M tipft. correct term. Also like alcohol, sex and night. If they find just one seed the fine •« rtnoli beoiBt taiiati rtn iht music, the novelty quickly wears off. totoD M Mlk ttost tin bsm vUheat could be $250. If they don't find one •tMin, not *in»i tKC *tM) At Especially if you over do it. •UMlpM 101« tttd tht Mitt Wt UMI. the chances are they'll put one in your pocket Al lUMt th* bKtna TkXBt IM while they are searcJiing you. ("Planting" mmt tmaisai HBatlu rtta-ttm Grass destroys your mothfation. There's a »tiM* So»

of novice users of cannabis deteriorated actually improved their performance in Department of Customs and Excise, Atutralia di^tly in tests of physical and mental these tests." dexterity, but sophisticated pot smokers

3. HOW NOT TO GET BUSTED iii. If its a public place, jetlison your grass. Getting busted is like getting run down Nobody will get busted then unless some by an automobile. Its an ever-present risk. silly fool opens his mouth. TTie analogy is good because you can take iv. Remain courteous and polite at all limes. precautions to reduce the risk in both cases, CERTIFICATE OF Keep all police under observation at all and you can follow this up by learning a times. Note their numbers. few good first aid lips if the unpleasant V. If they ask you if you have any drugs, eventuality does arise. show them the bottle of beer every good RECOGNITION I) How to avokl a bust. head should keep in the fridge as a disguise. Common sense and altertness are your main vi. If they find any evidence, or something guides here. Never underestimate the other they've planted, the situation is changed. side. They've been headhunters for years. Now nobody should say anything. Presented by the Comptroller-General to Trust your own judgement above all else, vii. You are required by law to give your i. If you have a vehicle, keep it in con­ name and address. NOTHING ELSE. SAY spicuous. When visiting, park away from NOTHING. Your story may conflict with Jobp Browning COIJLip01£_ the house. somebody elses. They'll put words uito ii. Beware non-smokers. Beware talkative your mouth. Confuse you. Hassle you. people. Especially beware youngsters and Mbt up the yesses and the noes. SAY an officer of the Department of Customs and drinkers. Be cautions about strangers, NOTHING. iii. Privacy is not a concept the law recog­ viii. You may get a free ride down fo the nizes. You can be busted on the contents police station. There you can expect more Excise who, by virtue of outstanding performanceof a letter , on what you've written in your questioning. They'll play good cop vs bad diary, on a casual comment to a cop. Don't cop to get you on side. Say you feel sick, has warranted my special recognition trust the phone. this looks bad for them on the record of iv. Never carry around more grass than interview. (Insist it be written down.) you are likely to need. Don't keep in in Apart from that, SAY NOTHING. CITATION your car or bike. Its the first place they ix. Apart from putting the shits up you, look. Keep it in a dark bag, a rusty tin, an they'U offer clemency for information. old paper bag, and stash it in the garden Apart from being a very sick bribe, they in a location only you know. (Beware have no powers to do this. SAY NOTHING, neighbours.) SIGN NOTHING. On 14 August 1972 Preventive Officer Collihole observed the movementB of two V. Buying or selling-if in doubt, DON'T. X. The less you say the sooner you will be paaaengers from the R.M.S. "Arcadia" who met with a local resident in the If grass is changing hands, there should released. Also remember, when the pressure Passenger Tenaioal at Fremaatle. Preventive Officer Collihole astutely only be two people present, you and the is really on: interpreted the actioDa of these persons and independently initiated enquiries other person. 1. 9 out of 10 convictions are on the which confirmed bis suspicions. He displayed sound judgenent in extending the victims' own admissions enquiries and the three persons were subsequently searched and found in II) What To Do If What Should Not Have 2. If they get violent, you have a good possession of 19,8 kilograms of cannabis. I\irther enquiries resulted in the Happened DOES chance of release on a "technicality". arrest of another three people who were charged under the Customs Act for It can happen at any time. To anyone. It Like the guy I mentioned that got Illegal importation of drugs, and infonnation supplied to the State Police might happen to you within the next minute. punched. Drug Squad led to a further six persons being charged with drug offences. Big people, heavy people. They use fear to get their way. You will be frightened. xi. If they hold you for a lengthy period, Maybe terrified. Keep cool. There are a ask them if they are going to charge you lot of busts, very few convictions, and if not, say you wish to be released, i. When they anive, make sure it is a dope xii. And if they dO' charge you, you'll wish raid before you take drastic action like like hell that you'd joined a bail fund, diving out of windows etc. It may be just so do it now while you can. a summons or neighbour^ complaining REMEMBER: -say nothing about noise. -9 out of 10 convictions are based on the victims' ii. Act as natural as possible. They'll tell own admission people to stand still, and they'll check every room. Sometimes they only glance around This advice, incidentally, is far from and sneer at your ditty dishes. Other times complete and adequate. It will have to do, the brass band comes and they pull up your however, until something better comes along, Comptroller-Cmeral floorboards. the sooner the better.

4. LEGALIZING GRASS Although it isn't likely, you may end stand on the issue. See what penalties are handed out to victims of busts. Find out Marihuana poaltr, showing the plant and describing Its tealures, Issued by the N$w police.up in court because of your beliefs. If you do, don't crawl. A lot of peopl ehave done if police persecution rises even higher. this in the past, admitting that they were By about the time of the 1973 spring wrong and were hooked by the killer crop well know which way the wind is weed etc. This leaves the courts very un­ blowing. If nothing has been done we'll impressed v/ith i) Grass and ii) the stir the pot issue a little harder. offender. If I were a magistrate and you -Publicize the reforms that are taking place "s^y? said that to me I'd give you ten years. everywhere overseas True drug abuse is a problem, and will -Make an issue of every person prosecuted only be curbed when we attain a healthy -Publiciae injustices, illegal police practices society. Law enforcement must come from -Hand out joints in public THIS IS THE PROHIBITED PIANT within the individual. At present it is -more smoke-ins, bigger ones. Nobody was selectively administered by a small group prosecuted after the Melbourne smoke-ins of people appointed by the ruling class. We -Printed Wanted posters of Drug Squad suffer the consequences. members. mpIAN HEMP We need not aim at legalization initially. AND if the bastards still won't budge, It is not too late to try to educate the we'll hold big rallies. AU over Australia. On ; mfimimmmi POT. GRASS. mMto. HASH)courts and the police, the politicians and Christmas day. Well pledge mutual support the people. Letters, pamphlets and posters. and half a nUllion Australians will march Speeches, articles and advertisements. We in to the police stations of all the capital haven't even tried these methods yet. If cities, and jam them with stoned people The Seed the police didn't prosecute offenders and surrendering themselves for their "crimes". OXUMMiriMTIOIII the courts dismissed the cases as "trhrial" Well threaten to jam the lock-ups, the then the present situation would be courts, the prisons. We'll threaten to deplete rendered at least tolerable. the economy beyond its means. The legal We could try doing it this way. system will face collapse. TTten we'll see Through advertisers, put pressure on news­ what they do. papers to be more responsible about We dan do it! what they publish. Everyone turn on some­ body new every week. Go and tell your -Greenfrog parents you prefer parties where everybody smokes grass because you don't have to Dedicated to Inspector Blackwclt, wade through piss to use the toilet. Tell the first and last cop I ever them you smoke because it is safer than trusted. booze. Tell them the present laws may REFERENCES put you, their dear son/daughter away in jail for a couple of yean. (Pro) The Killer Weed in Australia Tell straight people to go and read a Greenfrog couple of books on the topic before Ihey (Pro) The Strange Case of Pot The Leaf open their mouths and express opinions Michael Schofield (uHOiaiiofi on something they know nothing about. (Anti) Narcotics a Hallucinogenics Speak your mind and ask to be heard. J.B. Williams, ed. IHOtT OUCWmOH Of WMOU rUKT You've nothing to be ashamed of. (Anti) Marijuana, The Second Trip TIM Mu ntft*. '-ftnwltt »i«k iki Mn n„ |)M hu mufouMflMat lintoHK I'll !«•«• VM>>r >,k^ ^MU Challenge the Big Institutions to take a Margotis wwuMr (M MMnttt ?>.• M N iMwriut wdlR la g,^ ,si lixrf. iMk tnitn riftniM*! •• kitm. Tkfu lnt«i „, f,uMl M t«)i .•<> Mt »>r t M ftsx t' •" ••*<"', •^ <• ikM r I* >.t(ii. B^Sfc^^^E Hifi.f ^iMwin Ai«Miinirit«

(Ktkii,Ji^Mu• t-MUr « Lit !• » U»|« •»<« k»im_ k,4 Mjrt, 5^ k-— nM4. WIN* «>iin llw, •»; k« <•>« » oiM «

"It is not easy", says Confucius in his state he raises the average intelligence Analects, "to find a man who has studied quotient of both states but it can be said for three years without aiming at more pay". that southern employers report very Tempora mutantur sed Romincs numquam. favourably on Queensland graduates and Some final year students may still be that the latter are markedly cosmopolitan in engaged in the pure and disinterested their outlook. Account for this as wc may, pursuit of knowledge. A few graduates, a iC you now are a full-time final year student, happy elite of gentlemen of means, there are 2 chances in 5 that twelve months travellers and opters out, may be exempt hence you will be resident over and probably from the mundane problem of finding a job. south of the border. But for the majority a degree is increasingly Academically speaking 24% of graduates regarded during the student years as a did not fundamentally change their lines of passport to employment. As Confucius activity. These were the graduates who unerringly observes, it becomes more continued in study for higher degrees, difficult as time goes by lo find the man teaching qualifications, or other specialist {or woman) who is not concerned with post-graduate diplomas, roughly one-third applying his degree to maximum occupa­ of Ihe 24% in each of these categories. tional advantage. The strongest movement towards study for In the search for an employer who m\[ higher degrees was in the Faculty of Science recognise his talents and reward them in which produced a proportion which was due measure the graduate must find more than double that in any other Faculty. encouragement in the experiences of his About two-thirds of all respondents went predecessors. Graduates were till recently a directly into employment afte obtaining a privileged minority holding qualifications degree, including part-time students already that were rare enough to give them an in employment. Some graduate groups advantage in many fields of work. Tlie were more likely to earn an immediate number of openings available was commonly living tiian others. Over 90% of Dentists, in excess of the number of graduates on Lawyers, Therapists and Bachelors of offer and prospects of employment Economics were so engaged a few months presented few problems. after graduating compared witli about 44% Signs of change are however in evidence. of Arts and Science graduates. In the case The most striking is the way in which the of women Arts graduates leaving after full- graduate is rapidly losing his scarcity value. time study only 39 of 297 respondents went In 1946 Australia had six universities. In into employment directly after receiving 1975 it will have 17 with another two on their degrees, all of them in Commonwealth, the way. Queensland produced 3107 grad­ Slate or Local Government service. The uates in 1946. For 1975 the estimated remainder continued in fuU-timc study or output is 21,035. Every year university training. enrolments in Australia increase by enough students to populate a medium sized Some measure of difficulty in finding em­ university. The rate of increase in tertiary, ployment was reported by graduates in courses in Colleges of Advanced Education most faculties. Exceptions to this were is even higher. It is not perhaps surprising male respondents in Surveying, Architecture that intermittent reports are received from and Music, and female respondents in Queensland and other states of groups of Economics, Dentistry and Physiotherapy. unemployed graduates, oversupply of Ph.D's,, Graduates who appeared to have no great employment in specific industries and so on. difficulty in finding employment in 1972 were men holding degrees in Commerce, How far do such reports illumine the pros­ Economics, Law, Veterinary Science, pects of the Queensland graduates? Will the Education, Arts and Social Work, and advantages of the past persist in the next women holding degrees in Commerce, decade? Are new opportunities opening up? Engineering, Law, Veterinary Science, VfTiat are the areas of high demand? Occupational Therapy, Speech Therapy, Where is the graduate specially at risk? Education, Dentistry and Music. porary standards of affluence, can be ex­ Higher proportions of the group reporting been unable to find employment at the The answers to such questions like all pected to make increasing demands on the difficulty were found among graduates of date of the survey. comments on manpower and employment qualifications of its members and the quality both sexes in Science and Agricultural * The percentage of graduates unemployed trends arc of necessity generalisations, and of their contribution. If tertiary education Science, male graduates in Engineering and at date of the survey increased from yet the process of obtaining an appointment for example does double its rate of intake, female graduates in Arts. The overall is highly individualised operation. Surveys .4% in 1969-70 to 1.1% in 1970-71 to the effects must spread to the secondary percentage of women Arts graduates reporting provide information on the intake into 1.4% in 1971-72. and primary levels catering for the families difficulty in finding employment is actually industry, commerce, public service and of the members of the post-war baby boom, lower than in the other groups mentioned * More than 1 in 4 of all graduates private practice, of graduates with a certain now parents themselves, and the steadily in this paragraph, but it rises steeply when entered Teaching, degree as a common characteristic, but to increasing rate of participation in post-leaving only those women graduates leaving after * 75% of all women Arts graduates entered the employer engaging the graduate the age secondary education. This expansion courses of full-time study are considered. teaching or courses of training for degree is frequently secondary, and closely must itself greatly accentuate the demand Fluctuations in the economy occur annually as he may look at it he will look even more teaching. for graduate staff in schools, colleges of and affect different industries from year to closely at the man (or woman) who holds * Women graduates in Science were more advanced education and universities, and so it, how he/she went about obtaining it, year in an unpredictable manner. In the likely to enter teaching than any other the education system will feed on its own and what manner of person it has made of year under review demand for science occupation while men graduates were rising output of qualified personnel to him/her. While information on general trends graduates particularly geologists and metall­ twice as likely to enter non-teaching as satisfy its rising demands. is available therefore it must be remem­ urgists, metallurgical and mining engineers teaching employment. bered that whatever the fortunes of the and agricultural scientists were affected by group, individuals within it will diverge these movements, which cannot be re­ * Very few graduates and diploma tes in owing to individual circumstances, strengths, garded as continuing features of the employ­ Education reported difficulty in finding The graduate of the next few years cannot and weakness. ment situation nor as decisive arguments - employment. however expect to avoid competition for against those qualified and interested entering employment which will undoubtedly become The latest group of graduates from the related fields of study. There is at present * Graduate opinion was strongly but not Universally opposed to the "bond" system. keener. The nature of employment available University of Queensland for whom inform­ little evidence on which to base predictions may well alter in response to the increased ation about post-graduate destinations is of demand in roost areas of graduate em­ supply of well educated men and women available is that which completed its final ployment and opportunity in these industries and some upgrading of qualifications re­ year of studies in 1971 and early 1972. Wliat conclusions can be drawn form the is as likely to move in the next four years quired for certain occupations can be ex­ A survey of last year's graduates is at survey and from other contemporary in the graduates' favour as it is to move pected, and has already occurred in overseas present in progress. It could not be against the graduates interests in other portents? initiated of course till graduates had had countries. In Britain for example, middle industries. 25 graduates were still unable to find level appointments in the public service the necessary time lo obtain and settle in employment a few months after the group the activities chosen, and gathering and formerly drawn from students of matricu­ The following aspects of graduate employ- had completed their studies. It is no be- processing of results will take some months, lation level, have been recruiting sub­ • ment also emerged from information littlcment of the anxiety and distress this so the evidence of this Survey will not be stantially from graduates in recent years, received from respondents. occasions in individual cases to state that available till later in the year. In the 1971-72 and there has been increasing interest among at present only a small minority of grad­ graduates in such employment as mursing, survey questionnaires were returned by 1877 uates, a smaller percentage than the unem­ graduates, constituting 82% of the total, * Tlie State Public Service is easily the middle management, transport, purchasing, largest single employer of graduates of the ployment level in the population as a whole, banking, insurance, marketing, hotels and of whom 1201 were men and 676 women. experience serious problems of employment, Doctors and pharmacists were excluded from University of Queensland. catering, shipping and estate agency. the survey since in general they proceed * The Commonwealth Public Service is the from graduates to one year of supervised second largest employer of graduates and There are indications that graduates of the employment. About one graduate in three, engaged from every University Faculty future will experience more difficulty rather was a part-time student and already in except Music. than less in obtaining satisfactory initial Wliatevcr the uncertainties of future cnh employment. Two-thiids of respondents were appointments. The trend of unemployment ployment prospects, the man must remain * Post-graduate studies at other tertiary receiving financial assistance. revealed by the surveys of the last few more important than the qualification he institutions entered by graduates in­ years while very low, is upwards, and large holds. If appointments should become in­ cluded Librarianship, Nutrition and Wliere did all the graduates go? increases in output of graduates and creasingly competitive the graduate most Dietetics, Psychology, Secretarial Studies, diplomates of universities and colleges of likely to be successful will be a person Geographically speaking most of tlieni did Computer Science and Hospital Admin­ who has chosen a course in which he finds istration. advanced education are in prospect. An not go anywhere. 96% were resident in estimate by W.D. Borrie, Director of the personal fulfilment and the opportunity of Queensland as students and 78% were still * Of 200 candidates for appointment as Research School of Social Sciences, A.N.A., using his abilities in tlic fullest possible way. To choose a university course on the basis in Queensland after graduation. Disregarding graduate trainee with the Commonwealth predicts that enrolments in tertiary edu­ of employment prospects would be hazard­ those who were already in employment Public Service, 46 were successful. cation will more than double in the period ous in tho extreme and inviting dissatis­ before graduation however, no fewer than of twenty years commencing 1966. 40% of full-time students are estimated as * Of 200 candidates for appointment as faction and frustration as student and pro­ having left Queensland after graduating, Programme-in-Tralning with the Common­ fessional man. A thoughtful inlook is Ihe 30% to other states and 10% abroad. We wealth Public Service, 14 were successful. Such developments do not however take best promise of a rewarding outlook and a Would not claim as some chauvinists do that * Of the 1877 respondents it was est­ place In a vacuum. The modern industrial guarantee that what you have to offer is evcty time a Queenslander moves to another imated that 10 men and 16 men had society, given the continuance of contem­ tlic best that you can give. ATTORNEY-GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT

The Attorney-General's Department is responsible for all of the legal work of the Commonwealth and its agencies. Main sections of the department and their functions are: CROWN SOLICITOR'S DIVISION: to conduct all litigation and prosecutions; preparation of contracts and agreements; acquisition and disposal of real or personal property; furnishing of legal advice on questions submitted by Common­ wealth departments and instrumentalities, and to servicemen, ex-servicemen and their dependants. ADVISING DIVISION: furnishes advice on questions of constitutional, financial and international law and general questions of interpretation of Commonwealth and Territorial laws submitted by ministers, departments, committees of Parliament and the Auditor-General, the conduct of legal research; the preparation of summaries of decisions of interest and annotations of cases for the supplementary annotations of Commonwealth acts. EXECUTIVE DIVISION: the development of legal policy in and the administration of and refonn of the laws admin­ istered by the Attorney-General and any matters coming before the Standing Committee of Commonwealth and State Attorneys-General. LEGISLATIVE DRAFTING DIVISION: is responsible for the drafting of all regul tions and other legislative instru­ ments under Commonwealth Acts and of all Ordinances and regulations for the Territories (other than Papua/ New Guinea). The headquarters of the department is at Canberra but officers of the Crown Solicitor are located in all state and territory capital cities and at Townsville and Coonia. The establishment of the department, apart from the Commonwealth Police Force, the Northern Territory Police Force and the A.C.T. Police Force, comprises 2034 positions, 389 of which are required to be filled by professional officers who have been admitted to practice as barristers or solicitors of the High Court of Australir or the Supreme Court of a State or Territory. In addition to their qualifications in law, 114 officers hold second degrees in arts, commerce, economics or science.

QUALIFICATIONS REQUIRED

A man or woman who has graduated in law at an Australian university or who has been admitted to practise as a barrister or solicitor of the High Court of Australia or of the Supreme Court of a State or Territory may be appointed to a position requiring legal professonal qualifications. About 40 graduates will be recruited in 1974.

WORK

Graduates are employed in the sections of the department mentioned above on the functions of the section to which they are attached. Initially, graduates work under the guidance of senior officers but are given greater independence as they gain experience until they can carry out all the duties of a position of Legal Officer. Advancement beyond the base grade is dependant upon the occurrence of vacancies and selection for promotion. Selection is by merit not seniority. The opportunities for advancement are good.

TRAINING

Newly appointed graduates attend a short course in which the functions of the department and their rights and responsibilities as members of the Commonwealth Public Service are explained. They are then given guided on-the-job training. Officers are encouraged to obtain further qualifications and may be given an opportunity.to undertake post­ graduate studies through scholarships tenable at Australian universities and overseas. Within limits, officers may work at the location of their choice. The largest officers are at Canberra, Sydney and Melbourne.

CONTACT The Administrative Officer, Attorney-General's Department:

Canberra: Administrative Building (61 2672) Sydney: 119 Phillip Street (2 0321) Melbourne: 99 Queen Street (67 9871) Perth: 251 Adelaide Terrace (25 4611) Adelaide: A.M.?. BuUding (51 7400) Brisbane: 247 Adelaide Street (29 2661) Hobart: 29 Elizabeth Street (23 2804) Darwin: Court House, Mitchell Street (81 6461) Looking Ahead Unemployment

Earning the daily bread training for employees a I all levels. Students and graduates should be aware of Tlie Professional Employment Office in the services available, without charge, association with the Commonwealth Until recently employers competed quite The University of Queensland aheady has a from the Department of Labour's Pro­ Employment Service also assists students strongly to attract into their organb.ations number of courses which are well adapted fessional Employment Office. Tiiose in to find vacation employment, and each the comparatively small numbers of final-year to the needs of professional workers (for need of advice or information, or who arc September it sends staff to the Campus students looking for jobs. It seems now that example in engineering, in government, and seeking positions in which to use profess­ to interview students who intend to seek for the immediate future graduates in some in business administration)who wish to ional or academic qualifications are invited work during the long vacation. courses will have to show prospective em­ extend their knowledge and competence. ployers that as well as holding degrees they to call al Ihc Professional Employment have other qualities that make them good As time goes on new procedures for profess­ Office, Ground Floor, Australia House, 145 ionals to update their knowledge will Eagle Street, Brisbane, or al any office of prospects for ctiiployment, for example, Information about (he times and dales of probably be evolved. In USA, for example, the Commonwealth Employment Office. enthusiasm for worthwhile work, depend­ these campus interviews appear on faculty the American College of Dentists recently ability, the capacity to become a pro­ notice boards. The Office is also available ductive and well accepted member of a engaged the Educational Testing Service at Each Professional Employment Office main­ to advise and assist students who require working group, the ability to think creatively, Princeton to develop a programme called tains contact with employers, both large part-time or casual employment and those and so on. A few may even find it necessary "Self Assessment and Continuing Education and small, in all sections of industry, who may need to suspend or discontinue to accept employment at a slightly lower level in Dentistry." Dentists who participate have commerce and the Public Services and is their studies. than that usually taken by graduates and four self-administered examinations mailed able lo advise its clients about vacant then to rely for advancement on demonstrat­ to them at three-monthly intervals. They positions and can help them to obtain job ing their ability over a period of time in complete the tests (which cover many areas interviews for employment appropriate the working situation. of dentistry) and return them to ETS, to their qualifications and experience. Each dentist is then sent a full analysis of Lifelong learning his performance on each section of the examination together with an index of the The Professional Employment Office is W£^ soppuED B^ -me Tlierc is an increasing tendency nowadays quality of his results in comparison with linked with similar offices in all Stales, for people to take some additional qualif­ those of the other participants. He also and with the network of District Employ­ ications as wall as the primary degree at receives an annotated list of references ment Offices throughout Australia. Tims CAREER COOI^SGIXING pass or honours level. This additional indicating where information can be found there is a Commonwealih-wide coverage for qualification of ten is a post-graduate on the questions he answered incorrectly. persons with professional and executive diploma, a second pass degree, or master's qualifications, who wish to obtain help degree taken on the basis of supervised or advice about their prospects of cmploy­ Alternative occupations research or course work. Tliesc sorts of mcnl in any part of Australia. qualifications will typically be of value in The activities of the local PIRG Group obtaining cmploymcnl and in working wliich recently published the report effectively. "Legalized Pollution" provide a very good example of the concern which many students Caareer Counselling In many parts of the world people are today feol for the quality of life. The concerned about the obsolescence of know­ increasing evidence of national concern for C.U. AT THE C.C.C. urge you to lake advantage of this opport­ ledge which occurs even over a period of the human aspects of progress suggests that a decade or so as new developments occur. unity to meet employers on campus. As university graduates, in particular, may in The Careers Counselling Centre, situated in It may not be loo long before tertiary campus interviews are already in progress the future be able to exert infiucncc to the Social Sciences Annexe, is a Section institutions are providing a large number call in righl now to make your appointments. increase the range of employment which of the University Counselling Services. It of refresher courses for professional workers The CCC maintains a Careers Reference provides for the satisfaction of physiological provides a variety of services, which many whose initial training has become outdated. Room which ouses information concerning needs. Aheady there arc graduates who students may not be familiar with, l-or those It is possible that in some areas degrees courses of tertiary study, careers, employers of you who arc not acquainted with the will eventually have a time limitation accept lower wages than they otherwise of graduates, and undergraduate and post­ activities of the C.C.C. I offer these words placed upon them and will cease to be could earn in order lo do work they graduate scholarships. Should you be inter­ as an introduction, and invite you to yalid after a certain period unless the consider to be especially rewarding and of ested in studying eisowiicre in Australia, browse through the Centre. holder successfully completes further great human value. For years people have you can find handbooks from many of the courses designed to keep his knowledge worked in developing countries on low The professional staff of the C.CC. consists other Australian imivcrshies to help you in and skills up to date. wages as Australian Volunteers Abroad or for of two counsellors, one Appoints Officer your choice. The Careers Reference Room missions, and now others arc working and one Careers Information Officer. Both holds information on postgraduate diplomas Apart from continuing education available locally with welfare groups, or practising counsellors provide educational and voca­ here and interstate, and on its shelves can through universities and colleges of village crafts, or working part-time while tional counselling and ascrvice so on. assists graduates and undergraduates lo obtain on careers, scholarships and tertiary employment, and offers occupational institulions aiid courses the CRR holds counselling in relation lo job opportunities general books such as the Yearbook of and interview techniques. If you wish to Australia, International Handbook of obtain information concerning post­ Univer.sities, Commonwealth Universilics graduate or undergraduate shcolarsliips, Yearbook and the Australian Government postgraduate study (overseas and in Australia) Directory. Reference material on organiza­ or careers literature, the Careers Information tions which employ graduates as well as Officer will be pleased to discuss these publications which may be consulted topics with you. The staff at the CCC arc about job opportunities throughout Australia arc available. Newspapers from also available to talk with you about the southern states arc provided to help potential employers, recruitment policies, students look for employment. As well as ^ graduate training programmes, salaries, course providing reference material, the CRR also selection, and the like. holds much give-away material. For example, During second and third terms, represent­ il is here that you may obtain free copies atives of employers of graduates in of the Careers Glossary Icancls. Under­ commerce, industry and the public graduate Scholarship List, Graduate Careers services will visit the University to inter­ Directory and otiier useful literature view final year students who wish to provided by the CCC. obtain mformation about employment prospects. Tliesc visits, organiicd by the The Graduate Careers Directory is a public­ CCC enable students to discuss topics like ation containing information on many of professional role, training programmes, Ihe organizations which employ graduates. research policies, mobility and salary and Tills information deals specifically with job;!, to gain experience of the employment training and career prospects, and is pre­ interview. If you arc a final year student. 1 pared for tertiary graduates seeking em­ ployment opportunities with a number of prominent employers-throughout Australia. The directory consists of three parts, engineering and technology, Science and Applied Science, Humanities and Social Sciences. Tlic Graduate Careers Directory is given to all final year students so be sure to collect your free copy at the CCC as soon as possible. The Careers Glossary consists of a scries of leaficts covering nearly 100 professional careers. Each leaflet bricfiy outlines the nature of the work, the appropriate eouise of training necessary to qualify, and the career prospects and employment avenues for the professional discipline in qucslon. The Careers Glossary leaflets arc revised at the beginning of each year and are freely available upon request. If you wish to know more about the free publications available to you, a booklet cntJUcd "Your Careers Reference Room'' is available to you at the CCC. Do not hesitate lo contact the Careers Information Officer for further details. During first term the CCC arranged a series of Calccrs Seminars held each week during the lunch hour. Topics ranged from Careers in Diplomacy to Careers in Conservation and the Public Service. More of these talks will be given during second tcim, so keep your eyes on the notice boards or cnquuc at the CCC for further details. The Staff of the CCC urge you to consult them concerning any aspect of your career choice or career prospects, and invite you to visit the Centre periodically through­ out your years a( University so that you may make full use of the services avail­ able and are kept Informed of present developments and future trends. SEMESTERS THE NEW LOOK ARTS DEGREE

Semester System, 1974. normally quite specialized, though it is 1. Number of credit-points needed. 240. credit-points gained in subjects possible to take combined Honours or These are normally gained by a full-time offered by one dcparlment or in This degree is offered at two levels, double Honours in two departments. student at the rate of 40 per semester related subjects offered by two or more departments. Similar consider­ Pass and Honours. For full-time students period r the degree thus takes 6 semesters ations apply to those stated in the the Pass degree will normally lake a min­ The Pass Degree-Summuy of Requirements to complete (but see also Point 6). preceding paragrpah. imum of three years; Ihc Honours degree a (This summary attempts to set out the 2. A standard subject carries 10 credit- minimum of four years. The Pass degree may main requiiemenls fot the pass degree. points, so that a full-lime student would 4. Breadth of study. To ensure that the be quite broad if students take subjects The full regulations are, however, the only normally enrol for 4 standard subjects degree is not too narrow, a restriction is offered by a number of departments. On statements that arc binding. The summaries in each semester period. Some subjects placed on the number of credit-points the other hand the Pass degree may be have no legal status and cannot be inter­ are, however, larger or smaller than that can be gained from subjects quite specialized, with a majority of preted as giving legal sanction to any claim standard, i.e. they carry mote or dewer offered by the one department: the subjects being taken from those offered by a student for permission to construct the than 10 credit-points. maximum is 160. There arc, however, very by one department. The Honours degree is degree in a particular way.) 3. Depth of study. To ensure that at few other restrictions. Students may in least one or two subjects are studied in fact gain up to 60 credit-points fiom some depth, the degree must include subjects outside the Faculty of Arts, two majors or one double-major The relevant Faculty Handbooks should be consulted for details of these sub­ A major consists of 60 credit-points jects including any prerequisite or gained in subjects offered by one companion subjects necessary. department or in related subjects offered by two or more departments. 5. Coherence of study. In considering their Each department (or group of related course for Ihe degree students are urged departments) has its own rules about to avoid as far as possible, choosing each how the 60 credit-points may be of the subjects studied in a particular made up, Some subjects, for instance, semester from a different department. It cannot be taken until one or more is more sensible (at least after the fust other prerequisite subjects have been year) to choose two or three subjects taken; some subjects cannot be taken from the one department for simultane- except in conjunction wilh another . ous study. In the first year, though, companion subject (or subjects); some students may want to choose as wide a subjects cannot be credited unless a field as possible in order to lest where following subject forming part of one their major interests lie. To avoid whole area of study is also passed. excessive fragmcntaton among smal! subjects carrying fewer than 10 credit- A double-major consists of 120 points each, a maximum of 60 credit- points may be gained from such small subjects. Credit-points for subjects in­ cluded as part of a major or double- major are not counted in this limitation. 6. Limitation on rate of progress. Because of the amount of work required to gain a certain number of credit-points, various limitations are placed on the number of credit-points that may be enrolled for in any one semester-period. Full-time students: First semester of B.A,; Not more than 40 credit-points. Subsequent semesters: Not mote than 50 credit-points. Pait-tune students: All semesters: Not more than 30 credit-points, (but part-lime students are not advised to enrol fot more than 20 credit-points in their first semester).

PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTING OPPORTUNITIES At the end of this University year you may commence a rewarding career in accountancy as either a fulWime employee, if you expect to graduate, or a vacation employee if yc©i are in your first or second year of studies. As a national firm of chartered accountants, also represented world-wide in over 70 countries we provide training by a formal programme delivered by experienced full-time training officers, together with on the job experience designed to equip you for early responsibility and to continuously update your growing professional skills and knowledge. Positions are available in Brisbane, Mt. Isa., Townsville, New Guinea and interstate offices. For further information telephone Mr Lowe at 29 4222 or write to the staff partner ST'.f.^'"'"'!''', Jr Chartered Accountants, P.O. Box 150, BRISBANE, Q. 4001. -r* ' '^V^V^Wf.fW There is no minimum number of credit- planning. In 1974. with the introductiorr of that these departmental submissions be points that may be enrolled for in any scmesterization the 17 departments witiun made available for distribution to one semester-period. the faculty of Science will offer a total of secondary schools in Queensland prior to 6S0 subjects compared with ISl subjects 7. Combination with other degrees. The B.A. the Careers Guidance Week. under the current year courses. may be combined with some other The Faculty of Science Board has degrees in such a way that some subjects become fully aware of the many problems The Sub-committee is studying more count for both degrees. The other with which enrolling Bachelor of Science closely its submitted recommendations to degrees arc LL.B,, B. Mus., B.Soc.Wk., students will be faced. The Board recognises establish; B.D. and B.Ed. that there will be two major problem areas:- (A) departmental Academic Advising 3. Transition from previous rules. From the (a) for the students who will be enrolling Services for the benefit of currently en­ beginning of 1974, all students,, whether in the University in 1974 for the first lime; rolled Ist and 2nd year students, new or continuing, arc required to gain (b) for students previously enrolled. (b) in addilion a Faculty Academic 240 credit-points before being awarded Advising Service to assist students during the The Board therefore set up a Special the degree. Appropriate credit will be enrolment period of each year. Sub-committee to Investigate and Recommend given for subjects passed prior to 1974. on Course Planning Advising. Um,(^ vSE HAV^ PAlTTf in THE PfftSlJT- Details will be available from the Arts This Sub-committee has met several The following are also being investigated :- BUce OF OLJH, 5Et^P, ODP, F^eUNir Faculty Handbook-expected publication times, has prepared a report already con­ (i) that each student be assigned to an September 1973. sidered by the Faculty Board and has Academic Adviser in the department of his t^cmSs Dtf^^A/De*^ ON OTH^R received direction for further investigation. proposed subject specialty; Science Students and Scmesterization f£"OP^e wHose fifp({.ovfiLrHat^ The Board has aheady approved the (ii) that the Academic Adviser may be 65rC0M£S THe BftSlS fQd. QUR f&^A" following: changed- In considering rule changes necessary 1. that each department within the Faculty (a) if the student changes his subject W^ OF fpaNriT^...'*^ erKik jVomrt, for the Bachelor of Science degree under a be asked to prepare by 1st 3uly, 1973 specialty; scmcstcrized system, the Board of the one foolscap stencil of information (b) if Ihc student and Academic Adviser Faculty of Science has aimed to achieve a including- consider a change would be desirable. ficxibility that will enable potential graduates to acquire a degree in any of the disciplines wilh optimal planning for current world (a) a brief description of the field of Currently all students in Ihe Faculty of trends. The rules will, it is hoped, allow a study with reference to subjects available; Science already have a Faculty Advising student either to select a course that is (b) an indication of ihc type of jobs Service. The Dean, Professor i.G. Dare, highly specialized or on Ihe other hand offered and opportunities for employ­ Sub-dean, Dr E.C. Grigg and Sub-dean one more broadly based, but achieving a ment afier graduation; (Full-time), Dr D.F. Sandars can be con­ necessary minimal standard at third level. (c) a list of members of the teaching sulted, preferably by appointment, at Ihe It will be necessary for students todiink staff who can be contacted during Faculty of Science Office, Room Gl7, J.D. much more carefully about the overall Careers Guidance Week by students Story Administration Building. course content of their degree. There will be seeking academic advice organized by It is strongly recommended that students a far greater range of subjects from which the Department of Labour and National avail themselves of the Academic Advising to choose and more fiexibility in course Service, August 20-24. Services that the Faculty will offer.

•ymr ib^^l\hiknfur' •yur AD'JtH^'ikMDJT •3SSZ JOIN YHA TREASURY CANBERRA FOR CHEAP TRAVEL k V>S5K^cC^^ THE SOUTHERN ELECTRIC AUTHORITY OF QUEENSLAND 147 Ann Street Phone; A. Brisbane Q4000 214905 Vacancies lor can offer GRADUATES Graduates OUTSTANDING CAREER The National Bank OPPORTUNITIES of Australasia Limited in Treasury A number of vacancies for graduates in research and Investigation positions will arise in 1974 in Treasury, Graduate careers in banking Canberra. Details of the graduates sought with the likely in the fields of Mechanical Engineering and aspects of work in the general area of Federal Govern­ ment financial, monetary and economic policy are given Electrical Engineering (Power & Electronics/ What we oHer: Control): The National Bank believes that much of its future below: leadership will come from men of advanced educational First or Second Class Honours Degree in Economics, If you are graduating this year you are levels and offers graduates the opportunity of acceler- Commerce or Arts (Economics Major) invited to apply for further details to; aled promotion to executive rank in a number of special­ (1) Internal monetary and fiscal policy; assessments ised fields, as well as in top-level general administration. of economic trends, prospects and resources; general taxation policy; and associated research. Whal we are: (2) External financial and economic policy including An entirety Australian-owned organisation, the National balance of payments; Australia's membership of is one of Ihe largest banks in Ihe country and was International Monetary Fund, and similar institu­ tions; economic aid to developing countries, founded in l^elfaourne in 1858, Today, it has more than THE EMPLOYMENT OFFICER, (3) Commonweallh/State financial relations; urban .960 branches and offices, including establishmenls and regional development; financial assistance for THE SOUTHERN ELECTRIC in Papua/New Guinea, London, New York, Japan, developmental projects; Commonwealth loans AUTHORITY OF QUEENSLAND, Singapore, Jakarta and Vila, Staff number around administration. G.P.O. BOX 403, 10,000, and customer business of the bank and its Degree In Economics, Commerce, Law or Arts BRISBANE' Q'LD 4001. subsidiaries exceeds $2,500,000,000. (1) Administration of banking and insurance legisla­ What we want: tion; overseas investment In Australia; Investment We want to employ people with the potential to become overseas by Australian residents; company finances. aggressive, forward thinkirig bankers, able to solve {2) Legislative and financial aspects of social ser­ problems encountered In a dynamic business climate. vices; repatriation, health, education, housing, Our special development programme: migration, scientific research, retirement benefits We have a development programme designed to pre­ and employment conditions. (3) Advice on financial/economic aspects of land, pare you for promotion to an appolntm'ent of responsi­ sea, air transport operations; internal and inter­ bility wllhin 12 months of joining. The programme places national communications; assistance to rural, emphasis on active participation rather than observing. mining, manufacturing and power generation We select an experienced senior manager to supervise schemes. (4) Operation and regulation of government account­ your training during your first year. Opportunities for ing; preparation of annual Federal Budget. promotion are excellent. (5) Evaluation of proposals emanating from the CHREERS Type of graduate required: Defence Group of Departments; defence and civil works programmes. Economics, Commerce, Finance, and Arts (with a commercial bias). Degree with Malhemalics or Siallslics Major with the Further information: Provision of actuarial advice on life insurance, pension and similar schemes. The Manager, Personnel Development and Planning, SAURIES Australian The National Bank of Australasia Limited, Selected candidates would be appointed as perman­ ent members ol the Commonwealth Public Service, 271-285 Collins Street, Melbourne (PO box 84A), eligible for normal Public Service salaries, allowances Vic, 3001, Telephone: 630471 (exi 285 or 354) and benefits. Currently, minimum levels of salary at entry Public Service range from $4,850 (three year pass degree) to $5,850 p,a. or The Personnel fi/lanager at our offices la (first class honours degree). A common salary scale for men and women exists, Sydney, Brisbane, Adelaide or Perth. Representatives of the PROSPECTS Promotion in the Commonwealth Service is on merit, Australian Public Service Board governed by the Public Service Acl and Regulations. Prospects are excellent; most graduate entrants achieve will visit tiie University on a salary exceeding $7,000 p.a. within two years of entry. 23-27 July FURTHER INFORMATION Interested undergraduates are invited to write for to interview interested students. application forms and further information to either: Commonwealth Public Service Inspector, State Capital City, Appointments should be OR Assistant Secretary, arranged with Management Servfces, Student Counsellor (Vocational) Treasury, CANBERRA, A.C.T. 2600.

.«•»«•**•.«* I fflOVKS

Liberation from this intricate and self- WILD GYPSIES perpetuating exploitation seems unlikely unless theatre managements and/or film producers begin to adopt a more responsible "TITILLATION INTERUPTUS" attitude to their R certificate drawcards. Wild Gypsies, Loving Feeling. G.D. K.L. (Double Bill) IUegal Graceville. aihBRIIBflnC "Loving Feeling" fits comfortably into our "popular" or "mass" mythology-specifically TRAVELS WITH as a culturally important reflection of, and Piiffl influence on, what arc presumed to be normal values. In this case quite sexist values. Tlic plot evolves around the MY AUNT traditional "eternal triangmc" i.e. handsome, PCfTIVAl "Travels with my Aunt", loosely based on young man-on-thc.go (up and doming Graham Greene's novel of Ihe same name and lOth • 15th JULY SCHONELL THEATRE disc-jockey). Wife (Ttic Mature Woman) and now showing at the Odcon, is one of those films various mistresses (The Irrcsistable, soph- it is difficult (0 review, because it appears to be SEASON TICKETS ONLY - $10-00 isticalcd, "Liberated" (i.e. she screws a take-off of the thirties revival in Ihc form of a around] Supcrchicky). Stevec Day, the satirical melodrama. Maggie Smith (Aunt Augusta) ENQUIRIES THEATRE OR AMERICAN BOOK STORE, D.J., incensed wilh the power over women is, in the flashbacks, the young schoolgirl who has that his popularity gives him, uses them become a high-class whore. Tlic "love-story" is so ELIZABETH ST to create a flashy, stud image. However, he unberablc that you want to cover your eyes in realises the superficiality, etc., of il all, disjust but have to peek through the cracks to 12 PROGRAMMES 15 FEATURES and wife (compassionate, understanding) sec how bad they can possibly make it. One becomes an emotional crutch. Tlius, lie flashback, for example even includes a gondola TUES. 10th OFFICE PICNIC (Australia) oscillates between the women, depending scene (No, I'm not kidding), in shimmering moon­ on his prevailing mood. light. Depraved younr girls will be pleased to note directed by Tom Cowan that the requisite big black stud has not been Wliat .should be noted is that in films of WED. llth THE NIGHT OF THE COUNTING OF left out. Mc provides some of the first action by this type, there are only two types of hiding his dope in the ashes of Henry's mother. THE YEARS (United Arab Republic) women: the wifc/molhcr/sistcr prolrayal and But we arc soon to find out that it was not the Scarlet woman. Wife, Suzanne, realises THURS. 12th Henry's real mother anyway. (Heard the story THE KING OF MARVIN GARDENS whal a shit Stevec is but loves him all the before?) Yes, folks. Aunt Augusta, who (USA) directed by Bob Rafelson same, and is prepared to give him whatever cunningly hides the fact until the last moment, freedom he desires but she, of course, LOVE (Hungary) is our hero's real mother. His real father is cannot live without him. Carol, the mistress Mr Visconti, the young Augusta's seducer, whose who features most, is, naturally, simply FRI. 13 th METELLO (Italy)-Mauro Bolognini release from evil kidnappers she is trying to buy. physical and sensual and therefore is to be UNCLE VANYA (USSR) Taking Henry with her, she starts a quick trip screwed or shat ond epcnding on the whim to Istanbul, carrying "hot money" for General of the master. When the women actually SAT. 14th DIARY OF A SHINJUKU THIEF (Japan) Abdul, who she discovers too late has already mecl each other they resort, in true female been deposed. Thus having lost the commission, fashior;, (o petty bitchincss, i.e. all women ANTONIO DAS MORTES (Brazil)-Rocha Henry persuades her to try to rc-awaken love in hate each olher. The only character of any the heart of one of her very wealthy ex-lovers. SANS MOBILE APARENT (France) interest is Suzanne, since she is not mere Unfortunately he dies at the candle-lit dinner in object. All the other people arc, however, With Jean-Louis Trintignant & her suite, but fornmafcly an unsuccessful trip lo objectified, until the constant barrage of Dominique Sanda. blackmail liis wife with ilic information provides tjts, legs and patning, breathless kisses a chance to steal an expensive nude portrait of becomes utterly boring-there's just so much LA PISTONNE (France) the young Augusta. The sale thereof provides the of it! All the women arc, of course, ready ransom for the release of Mr Visconti, whom we TEOREMA (Italy) by Pasolini to drop Ihcir daks al the mere sight of discover to be a cad of the first order who has Slcvee, the result being scene after endless With Terence Stamp & Silvana Mangano arranged his own kidnapping. Fortunately again, scene of naked, hairless bodies. Henry has slacked the money with well-cut SUN. 15th NINGLA-A-NA (Aust.) Token gesturo-(the point of which is pages of the Barcelona phone book, thus saving BLACK GIRL, plus BORROM SARRET probably lost on usual Regal audiences). the money. Film ends with a coin spinning slow- Stevec is pissed off by both wife and chick motion in the air to decide if Henry and and TAAW directed by Ousmane Sembene and drives off into the sunset, fucklcss. Augusta (not to mention Wordsworth, the stud) (Senegal) will live Henry's way or Augusta's. THE BEGINNING (USSR) "It all starts in the sprbg when the gypsies You will probably enjoy the fibn. Maggie arc camped by the fork in the river . . ." Smith is excellent in the role of the schoolgirl- LA MAISON DE BORIES (France) Actually "Wild Gypsies" (and myriads of turned-trollop, and the whole film is a worthwhile films like it) starts with the well proven and enjoyable exercise in kilsch-for-the-sake-of- commercial formula: Sex, violence, colour, kitsch. low budget, B Grade production, non­ Andrea. existent plot line, crappy script, incom­ petent actors and culturally dejAived, un- discriminating, insensith'c and socially manipulated male audiences. Not too much sc!c, of course, after all this is an American film. And no genuine sexual relations: Tltillation interruptus. Now you almost see it-now you don't. The violence need be nothing like the excesses of Ken Russell or the unnecessary realism wed thurs f ri of Don Sicgal-if you can prolong it enough it becomes the entire story: so the emphasis July 4-5-6 only is on quantity. And societal values, far from SCBOnEU being offended are reinforced. These days, if it's not for the avant-garde market it must be colour-which means that UNDERGROUND FILMS cost-wise something must go. Sound syn­ chronization. Quite dispensable. Other essentials in the battle against inflation Ih^ DY YOUNG AUSTRALIAN (though for cheap quick profits): include American accented gypsies mouthing americanisms and wearing immaculate satin JKQu HLMMAKERS and leather boutique gear-not to mention somewhat abstract dialogue: - Do not fail me, my brother, or the CiflCfnCI ...all new blood of these people will be on your conscience forever - Trust me, my brother Made with grants from the Experimental Film - Take care of my woman & Television Fund of the Australian Council - Trust me, my brother. for the Arts. Presented by Brian Witte in Sexism battles valiantly with consumerist association with the Australian Film Institute exploitation in "Wild Gypsies" (tt al) and probably loses. What these films exploit is All Colour not so much woman as sex object within Progranne inoludeB: the film: but man as hunter of sexual HONBySUCKLB HILL,,,A young maa and a young wonan live close to gratification whilst watching the crap. S^^f^™^""" "•" Melbourne and comnmte to work in the oity. The audience was predominantly male (i.e. SOUK RHIBETS...Frontal nudity may offend. ^ 50 males apptoxbitately 6 females) which S2'jJ?f;•™-^S"'' ^^^^* ^" eroticiBB, achieved entirely nith feet. reflects two phenomena: (1) that these films attract a "type" of audience-viz THB OIBL PHOM THE FAMILY OP MAN (Michael Thornhill). young, apparently working class males who BHTOKD FULLffi,,,A youth revelB in the Tiolmoe of Sajmel Puller'a wish/need to rely on periodic doses of Underiwrld USA and goes home to act out his sado-masochiBt celluloid sex. (2) that there are groups tendencies with a cut-throat raior — not for the Boueaoiah and indhdduals who are emotionally distorted, sexually unsettled, or Just plain SHE'S A GROUSB OAMK...A football oatob, Where the Sectators are lonely enough to subscribe to this kind of more intereeting than the game. cinematic masturbation. THB LITTLB SHISIPP... A little boy and hie lonlineea; how he "Wild Gypsies", and the prethora of similar makes Bome frieade and then loses them; they gang up on him and fare at the Re^, Graceville or Eldorado, be takes revenge in a most unusual way, IndooroopQly, tike the values porUayed THB BBOUQHT...PolyoptieB film UBing painting, and refleotione in in its story, both generate and reflect the most disturbing sexual/emotional aspects curved mirror B* of this society. TO SOFRETITI (Sandra & loram Ooss).,,Brisbane Film Festival hit Of course these theatres don't tieglect to ADVBNTORB IH AHT, REPREAT HBPREAT, STRAIGHT BIOHT, charge the now customary $2.25, $2.00 Several of the films are made by women. per head. COBAR MINES no bull I

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Review Article: The Australian Election 1972 politics", "The Media", "Electors") which warrant much notice. Several are based on Whitlam's career in the Labor party and is helpful so long as it is realised that these Henry Mayer, ed. Labor to power: surveys which range methodologically from before, and the structural and policy reforms arc fairly loose groupings, of unrelated Australia's 1972 election the dubious to the unsound, and the lack he initiated and promoted. But it is articles around topics, and not systematic (Sydney: Angus and of uniformity in questionnaire construction essentially a story of the election campaign, analyses. The articles themselves fall fairly Robertson, 1973) and administration makes the results told very much in a "Winners" versus neatly into two categories: conventional 298 pp. $4.95 difficult to digest (assuming you arc pre­ "Losers" fashion. To narrate an election academic exercises, and subjective accounts pared to accept them). Some of the media campaign poses the formidable technical Laurie Oakes and Tlie making of an by participants. The few that hover on the material is interesting for its factual content problem that there are, in reality, a* David Solomon Australian prime minister borderline-participants pretending to (remember the Country Party's "Drug many campaigns as there are parties, and (Melbourne: Cheshire, objectivity throu^ the use of scientistic taking and physical violence could be the authors never really solve this beyond 1973) 318 pp. $3J0 jargon and/or statistics-include a very legalised leisure time activities for your the "meanwhile back at the Liberal competent breakdown of the Australia children if you vote Labor"?), but much (Labor) parly" level. The constant switch Doubtless the last word on "the most Party's vote by two of its officials, and a of it is annoyingly blig and-especially back and forth from McMahon to Whitlam, dramatic election in memory" has yet to hilarious piece by Cair's private secretary. when written by advertising agents and like with occasional forays into the camps of be written. Henry Mayer's potpourri of But in terms of the book as a whole, these creatures-ethically bankrupt. A hopeless the minor parties, is the most obvious essays and Oakes and Solomon's hastily arc of marginal interest. piece by Mayer et alii on bias in the press defect of the book. compiled narrative are two early starters Of the academic articles, two produce and David Butler's "Thoughts on the 1972 The great virtue of books like this is on whose behalf a wide range of inflated some light. Malcolm Mackerras ingeniously election" are among articles which should that they flesh out the bare bones of and preleatious claims have been made. divides Queensland in two: the densely never have been written/printed-as are political life portrayed in the daily press Yet both books arc irritating in their settled southeast where there was an others too numerous to name. and the academic journals. They remind deficiencies, and the uncritical applause overall swing to Labor, and a swing to Articles by participants in the election us that politics involves interaction between they have received is more indicative of Labor in eight of eleven seats; and the are, on the whole, significantly better. people, not just seats, numbers, percentages the sad state of australian political analysis outlying areas where each of the seven seats Pat Eatock, a black woman, has con­ and policy statements. In this sense, things than of their intrinsic worth. recorded swings against Labor. On this tributed an excellent account of her like Billy McMahon's wife, Mick Young's basis, he detects a pattern of an overall Although the form and approach of the campaign on aboriginal and women's interview with Archbiship Carroll, Eric swing to Labor of 4% in south-eastern two books is quite different, several shared issues in the ACT, She argues tliat the Walsh's arrangement of the "Business Australia (south-east Queensland, NSW, themes predominate: the successful use of decision of ALP member Arthur Burns to Executives for a Change of Government" Victoria, Tasmania) with swings to Labor the media by the ALP; problems of party contest the scat as an independent on an ads, Clyde Cameron's vendetta against the in 87 of 96 scats. In this area, Labor gained unity/disunity; leadership and personalities anti-abortion platform created the fear NSW AWLL all assume importance. The 12 scats and lost 1. In "outlying Australia", (Whitlam, Young, McMahon, Anthony); among her likely supporters that Kcp problem, of course, is to decide how much (the rest of Queensland, S.A., W.A. and the disgraceful and dishonest role of the Enderby would lose the seat, and that con­ importance, and its here that The making N.T.,) only 4 of 29 scats recorded swings Catholic Church and the DLP, and the sequently, many first preference votes of an australian prime minister falls down, to Labor. Labor lost 3 scats in an overall happy decline of the latter; and the she expected to receive went straight to for the narrative and anecdotal approach negative swing of 2.9%. Mackerra's hypo­ "national mood", the precise meaning of Enderby, The substantial protest vote she inevitable throws emphasis on the import­ theses as to why this occurred are trivial which eluded all of those who wrote about hoped for was probably greatly reduced; ance of the individual, the unique, and the ("The nation which put Labor into office it-cxccpt, of couisc, the perceptive few she received less than 2.5% of the total contingent. The result of this is to reduce said 'it's time' ") and unsystematic, but who could pin it down to the feeling that vote. First hand material on the Women's political analysis to the level of guessing his analysis of the basic voting, patterns is it was time for a change. Electorial Lobby is contained in six garni. about "what would have happened interesting and illuminating. None of which adds up to a very im­ articles which chart its origin, growth if such and such didn't . . . ?" pressive or insightful account of the election. David Kemp's analysis of the swinging and ideological changes, detail the question­ Such merits as each book possesses lie in voter is just as good, despite its admitted naire procedure used, and outline organisa­ The major point both books establish- the interstices between these nodes, and methodological shortcomings. His major tional problems. The attempts to assess by ommission-is that elections are means it is here, too, that the differences and conclusions; a surprising increase in the the impact of WEL are less successful, to the end of changii^ policy. Treated as limitations of approach are evident. Labor number of swingers (10.8%, 1961; 17%, however, and the section suffers badly ends in themselves, they are about as to power is an overgrown edition of the bi­ 1972; an increase of 60%); and a shift in from repetition. interesting as football matches. To see ihe annual journal, Politics, containing some the pattern of swinging votes, with a trend Mayer contributes two "documents" 1972 election as important sim?ly because 300 pages. If siic were everything, it would towards direct crossing to the other major which arc of some interest: the 1970-72 it brought about a change in government is, be an impressive book, for its two-column party, and away from changing to a minor balance sheet of the NSW Liberal Party, I believe, to seriously miss this point, and layout makes it very long indeed. But party. This has interesting implications for which doesn't show anything much, and a it is because of the woefully inadequate when the quality of most of the articles is the future of the minor parties. On the letter from an ad. agent to Senator Kane, attention paid to analysis of the policy low and when many of the same points are one hand, it may suggest that DLP outlining the agreement whereby Packer's alternatives and consequences that both laboured and' nauseum throughout most of support is nearing a hard core of small-f TCN 9 provided $18,980 in free advertising books are ultimately quite unsatisfying. them, size is a positive drawback, Had fascists, and that its future decline is un­ to the DLP. And readers looking for value The importance or otherwise of 2 December Henry Mayer been able to exercise his likely to be as dramatic as its past per­ for money vdll be pleased to know that depends on the performance of the Labor editorial function with considerably more formance might have led one to hope. On Labor to power also contains two atrocious government. And while most of us will discipline, fifteen to twenty of theje the other hand, the Australian Party may poems that have something to do with applaud the fre^ng of draft dodgers, the articles would have made an excellent well fail to gain anticipated electoral elections, a piece of semi-literate drivel by closer links with communist countries, the edition of Poltricj-slimmer and less glamor­ benefits through posing as a centre party a government student from the U. of Q., cracks in the Australian-U.S. alliance, the ous, of course, but far more accessible and between Liberal and Labor. But botii these and the full lyrics of the It's time jii^le. derogation of states' rights and the moves to introduce socialised medicine, I suspect useful. conclusions are highly speculative, and only Oakes and Solomon have written a time, the senate election and the next we have a long wait for the flood of Labm- to power is organised under eleven much more coherent, lucid and enter­ pornography and legalised drugs. headings ("The — Party", "Electorate and general election will tell. taining book. It begins with a lively regional studies". "Issues", "Women in Few of the remaining academic articles account of the election night covers David Murr THCATRC "THE CRUCIBLE"- "Precious Moments from the Family Arthur Miller. Album to provide comfort in the years Brisbane Arts Theatre. ahead". Director-Ian Thompson Cement Box Theatre TTie (Trucible may be taken as a tense Schonell Theatre Complex. historical drama or as a political analogy. Uni. of Qld. It had at the time of its first production- 1951-a frightening relevance to the McCarthy investigation into communism in the United American Independence Day, July 4, is the States. How that its immediate political opening night of the next production of message has faded, a more permanent the University Cement Box Theatre. Written dramatic force can be seen in this play by Naftali Yahvin, and entitled by Miller. However, even though we may "Precious Moments from the Family not now share the superstitions of our Album", it will be performed by 19 forefathers, the spitit of the witch-hunt is members of the University Drama Group, certainly still with us. We "do not have Uni-Que, the mystical spirits and bewitching characters, but instead we have ideologies The play is a satirical comedy concerned and represMve doctrines-no less terrifying. with the problems of the break down of In the context of Arthur Miller's play, family relationships and the traditional set in 1692, Christianity was held to be social roles. The unnatural evolution of the the ultimate force that would protect this family unit finds us in a matriarclial society isolated New England area from corrupting where mother is the breadwinner and and evil ideas. The people of Massachusetts Father performs the houseduties. set up a communal society which, in the The set design reflects the play's journey beginning, was little more than an armed from reality to the world of the fantastic. camp with an autocratic and very devoted Upon entering the theatre, the members of leadership. It was an autocracy by consent, Ihe audience will find themselves in an however, for they were urUted from top "Alice-in-wonderland" house, where the to bottom by a commonly held ideology, chairs ate bigger, the radio and T.V. larger. whose perpetuation was the reason and justification for all their sufferings. Ulti-. The director is Salvatore Maraucci. He has "lately, the time came in New England studied and worked in the U.S.A., England, when the repressions of order were heavier and France. He was founder and director than seemed wananted by the dangers of the Onmibus Theatre Company, Sydney. agamst which the order was organized. Most recently, he scripted and directed "The witch-hunt was a poversc matt- workshop productions in Sydney, WooU- ifestation of the panic which set in ongong and Canberra. among all classes when the balance began The play will have a two week season. For to turn toward greater individual freedom. the first week the play will run from Wed­ The main characters. Reverend Samcul nesday, July 4 (the opening night) until Parris (George Roberts), Abigail Williams Sunday, nightly at 8.1S a.m. Admission will (Leone Hendry), John Proctor (Peter be $2. for General Public and $1 for Schwarz) and Goodwife Elizabeth Proctor students. (Beverly Wood) were well developed and totally believable. The other characters-^ Then for the second week performance many of whom were new to theatre- times will be 8.15 p.m. nightly Tuesday to provided an excellent supporting role. Saturday. Considering it was a first night, one must Highlights of the pby will include its allow for the slow change of seu and at thirties and forties flavour, with numbers times rather unco-ordinated sound effects. in the style of the Andrews sisters per­ But the costumes were faithfully re­ formed by Brisbane Drag Queens and produced, and the movement around the including a guest spot by Toy De Wilde. statfi was easy and natural. J.F.D. BIKES

DUCATI450 Take a bike, any bike and ride it. If you With a few minor setbacks, such as, and my life flashing I suffered no injuries. are a good rider, think about what you are parts-scarcity of, comfort-lack of, pillion- The front brakes, double, single doing. Acceleration straight line. Twist tlie absence of provision for, and lights tliat leaders, are excellent and in fact, when kept throttle, feel the revs go up, feel the power could take a lesson from the Japanese, it in good nick, arc better than the discs on put into the back wheel. The tread of the is still a supreme machine. a lot of latter day Japanese jobs. Tliey tyre biting into the bitumen. The rear In essence it is a sports bike with the are very rpogressive, and fading is never suspension holding the wheel down over potential to be, with a few minor adjust­ encountered. bymps so you don't lose traction if it were ments, taken to Surfers' and raced. The power, considering it is a single to become airborne. Feci your front sus­ Definitely not a touring machine, al least, four stroke, comes on very fast and Js a pension smoothing over the knocks so you not on any Australian hjghways. thing to be reckoned with. Extremely good don't wobble. The first corner. Down a cog I recently attempted riding from for blowing off multipot two stroke men, so you are in your power band. Taking Brisbane to Sydney on one borrowed from especially through the corners where your line. Leaning. Avoiding white lines a trusting friend. Averaging about 75 mph superior handling tells. Tops with a good and potholes. Feeling your tyres screaming to Coffs Harbour was extremely satisfying, time and tunc at about 115 mph. to tell you, you are on the point of sliding but by the time I got there, my kidneys Definitely not everyman's bike, but and it's not their fault. More power. Feel were so shook up that I had to leave it reserved fo: the few with a true feel and the slide start. Up a cog, straigjit line, ready and hike the rest of the way. Actually dedication to the art of motorcycling. for the next. the magneto went, otlterwtse I would have Specs: 270 lbs. It's a lie, folks, and only happens when taken it through. 5 speed box you're stoned. However, if you ever The discomfort is caused by the thin 45 bhp. thought of trying it for real, one of the racing seat and very heard but excellent 2 and a bit usable gallons best and safest bikes to try it on would rear shockers. The overall suspension (by 435.7 cc. have to be a ducati 450 dcsmo. It is, in Marzocchi) is so good that I have found it comp. ratio 9.3:1 my opinion (and that of a good many possible to hit house bricks in a straight bore 86mm. stroke 75 mm. others) the best handling bike to be bought line at 70 mph and pot holes at a tilt in a top speed US mph. stock standard from a dealer. tight corner. Apart from minor tank slapping mpg. 70-75 approx.

MP^^h-F.I^.- heat and stir in the with pastry .-grated cheese; 41bs potatoes cheese.Pour evenly over or mixture of wheatgerin,oil, oil or laargarine ^he pie filling and and paprika.Bake 15 mins.at salt,pepper sprinkle with parsley or 350 degrees,or till pastry 1 tabsp. kelp granules 3j^^j^-,^Q^,g^ g^j^^ 15-20 mins is golden brown, 1 bunch spinach a.t 350 degrees. PUMPKIN PIE. Scrub and slice potatoes," Health food of a nation, steam until cooked.Mash 4-6 lb pumpkin or so they say. Here are potatoes well with marg- 1 cup wheatgerm a few truly healthy pies, arine,salt/pepper and lemon juice Firstly,two pastry recipeskelp. Chop the spinach, salt,pepper,basil 3 onions,diced Ih tabsp.margarine and steam for few minutes Mix thoroughly with pot­ oil for frying Ih tabsp. milk atoes,and spoon into pie 1 beaten egg shell.Cover with pastry slice and seed(don*t I's cups wholemeal flour dr .grated cheese. Bake ISpgel) a pile ofpumpkin 1 teasp. baking powder mins. at 350 degrees, or (about. 4 lbs),and steam Melt margarine in a sauce till pastry is golden till soft.Mash well with -pan,add milk. Remove brown. a little n from heat. Add beaten egg. Mix flour and baking 1.4.4.1 • t?^,, , ,, ,, -ii • „ a little margarine. Fry powder well.Add milk mix- CHEESE AND VEGETABLE PIE... ^„. „^ ,,, .^ Z 4. ^, • • 11 —— the onion and ada to ture to flour,mixing well.. Dice a wide range of pumpkin,Add the wheat- veges.e.g.potato,onion, germ and mix well.Seas­ OR carrot,pumpkin,beans, on to taste with salt, 2 cups whol.emeal flour zucchini,celery,turnip, pepper,basil,and plenty 1 teasp. baking powder of lemon juice. Top with 4-6 ozs.margarine cabbage,etc. and steam till soft.Spoon into pie pastry/grated carrot;a mix- cold water. shell. Mix baking powder and ture of wheatgerm.oil and flour well.Rub margarine Cheese sauce. paprika;grated cheese; or 2 ozs.margarine mashed potato.Bake 20 mins. jop Si« W^^ Sci,oroeU- into flour with hands.Add at 350 degrees,or till past ' w>t. -"^ TT^tv^-»^o"'=^ water till pastry blends 6 tabsp.soya flour -ry is golden brown. - together well. (or wholemeal) , l.^ I's -2 cups milk ^ ST Loot A salt,mustard Method: Turn pastry 4-6 ozs.grated cheese onto a floured board,and SAVOURY VEGETABLE PIE. at\di dti>\k roll to the required chopped parsley or shape.Turn onto a well- shallots. Dice and steam a wide range ' greased pie plate. Trim ..14- •„ .! oVegetablf veges,ae sPi efo r Cheese and |vAo3(CMAf^5 ^£^00^6- the edges,prick lightly Melt margarine in sauce- _ ^ . j jj 4. 4.t,a ^. ^. -,^ , 3 onions and addDic teo anthde fry with a fork. Bake at 350 pan,stir m flour,cook . ., mu^« ^AA VKO degrees for 15 minutes ,or •heat.Ad^ . d ,salt,mustard _ ^ , vegetables.Then add the till golden brown. If milk, and mix well.Return 1 cup yoghurt one minute. Remove from _ ,1, cup grated cheese using'a medium pie dish, to heat,stirring constant following: there should be enough -ly till mixture boils, salt,pepper,basil. pastry left for the top and thickens.(If it is 'j-l'j teasp.nutmeg of the pie. Always prick still tob thin,add more Mix well.Season to taste, the top Well/and glaze flour ,dissolved in water, (especially with nutmeg). with water. and boil.)Remove from Spoon into pie shell.Top' a I

I I I 1