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SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY Table of Contents 6.1.5 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Table of Contents 6.1.5. Earth Observation Satellite (EOS-01) ...... 30 1. BIOTECHNOLOGY ................................... 3 6.2. Other Developments Related to India .. 31 1.1. DNA Technology (Use and Application) 6.2.1. Space Based Remote Sensing .................. 31 Regulation Bill, 2019 ..................................... 3 6.2.2. Indian National Space Promotion and 1.2. mRNA Vaccine ........................................ 4 Authorization Centre (IN-SPACe) ...................... 32 1.3. GM Crops ............................................... 5 6.2.3. India’s First In-orbit Space Debris 1.4. Genome Sequencing ............................... 5 Monitoring and Tracking System ...................... 32 1.5. Other Important News ........................... 6 6.2.4. Miscellaneous ......................................... 33 1.5.1. Biopesticides .............................................. 6 1.5.2. National Biomedical Resource 6.3. NASA .................................................... 34 6.3.1. NASA’s Heliophysics Missions ................. 34 Indigenization Consortium (NBRIC) ..................... 7 6.3.2. Fifth State of Matter ............................... 35 1.5.3. Miscellaneous ............................................ 8 6.4. Annular Solar Eclipse ............................ 35 2. NANO TECHNOLOGY ............................... 9 6.5. Magnetic field of Sun’s corona ............. 36 2.1. Nano Technology in Agriculture .............. 9 6.6. Discovery of Pulsars ............................. 37 2.2. Gold Nanoparticles (GNPs) ................... 10 6.7. First Potential Radio Signal from 2.3. Other Important News ......................... 10 Exoplanet .................................................... 38 6.8. Dark Matter Not ‘Super Heavy’ or ‘Super 3. IPR ........................................................ 11 Light’ ........................................................... 38 3.1. Intellectual Property Rights .................. 11 6.9. Saturn's Tilt Caused by its Moons ......... 38 3.2. Patent Pools ......................................... 12 6.10. Recent Space Related Phenomenon and 4. IT & COMPUTER .................................... 14 Findings ...................................................... 39 6.11. Other Space Missions ......................... 41 4.1. 5G ........................................................ 14 4.2. Narrow Band-Internet of Things ........... 14 7. HEALTH ................................................ 44 4.3. PRIME Minister Wi-Fi Access Network 7.1. Food and Health ................................... 44 Interface (PM-WANI) .................................. 15 7.1.1. Trans Fats ................................................ 44 4.4. Dark Net ............................................... 16 7.1.2. State Food Safety Index 2019-20 ............ 45 4.5. SuperComputer .................................... 16 7.1.3. Food Adulteration ................................... 46 4.6. Quantum Key Distribution .................... 17 7.1.4. Draft Food Safety and Standards 4.7. 3D Printing Policy ................................. 18 (Amendment) Bill 2020 ..................................... 47 4.8. Data Empowerment and Protection 7.2. Bacterial Diseases ................................. 47 Architecture ................................................ 19 7.2.1. India Tuberculosis Report 2020 ............... 47 4.9. Non-Personal Data ............................... 20 7.3. Viral Diseases ....................................... 49 4.10. AarogyaSetu Data Access and 7.3.1. Polio ........................................................ 49 Knowledge Sharing Protocol, 2020 .............. 20 7.3.2. Avian Influenza (Bird flu) ......................... 49 4.11. Other Important News ....................... 21 7.3.3. AIDS ......................................................... 50 5. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ............. 24 7.3.4. Other Important News ............................ 51 5.1. Accelerate Vigyan ................................. 24 7.4. Other Diseases ..................................... 51 5.2. Draft National Science Technology and 7.4.1. World Malaria Report 2020 Released by Innovation Policy ........................................ 24 World Health Organisation (WHO) ................... 51 5.3. Superconductivity at Room Temperature 7.4.2. Non-Communicable Diseases .................. 52 ................................................................... 25 7.4.3. Other important News ............................ 53 7.5. Pharmaceuticals ................................... 53 6. SPACE TECHNOLOGY ............................. 27 7.5.1. COVID-19 Therapies and Antimicrobial 6.1. ISRO ..................................................... 27 Resistance (AMR) .............................................. 53 6.1.1. Joint Lunar Polar Exploration Mission ..... 27 7.5.2. Plasma Bank ............................................ 54 6.1.2. Mars Orbiter Mission ............................... 27 7.5.3. Other Important News ............................ 55 6.1.3. Chandrayaan 2 ......................................... 28 7.6. Covid-19 Related Inventions/ 6.1.4. Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System Developments ............................................. 55 ........................................................................... 30 1 DELHI | JAIPUR | PUNE | HYDERABAD | AHMEDABAD | LUCKNOW | CHANDIGARH | GUWAHATI © Vision IAS 7.7. Alternative Medicines .......................... 57 9.4. Other Important News ......................... 72 7.7.1 The National Commission for Indian System 10. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY ........................ 73 of Medicine Act (NCISM), 2020 ......................... 58 7.7.2. The National Commission for 10.1. India’s first Lithium Refinery ............... 73 Homoeopathy (NCH) Act, 2020 ......................... 59 10.2. Other Important News ....................... 74 7.7.3. The Institute of Teaching and Research in 11. MISCELLANEOUS ................................. 75 Ayurveda (ITRA) Act, 2020 ................................. 59 11.1. International Thermonuclear 7.8. Other News .......................................... 60 Experimental Reactor (ITER) ........................ 75 7.8.1. Assisted Reproductive Technology .......... 60 11.2. Third unit at Kakrapar Atomic Power 7.8.2. Human Monoclonal Antibodies (hmAbs) 61 Plant (KAPP-3) Achieves Criticality .............. 76 7.8.3. Other Important News ............................. 62 11.3. Hyperloop .......................................... 77 11.4. Chemosynthesis Aids Microbes Survival 8. DEFENCE ............................................... 64 ................................................................... 78 8.1. Coastal Radar Network ......................... 64 11.5. India’s Traditional Knowledge Digital 8.2. Digital Ocean ........................................ 64 Library ........................................................ 78 8.3. Missiles, Submarine and Ships .............. 65 11.6. Indian personalities in News ............... 79 8.4. Bio-Terrorism ....................................... 67 11.6.1. C.V. Raman ............................................ 79 9. AWARDS ............................................... 69 11.6.2. Dr Vikram Sarabhai ............................... 79 9.1. Nobel Prize in Chemistry ...................... 69 11.6.3. Srinivasa Ramanujan ............................. 80 9.2. Nobel Prize in Medicine ........................ 70 11.7. Other Important News ....................... 81 9.3. Nobel Prize in Physics ........................... 71 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note: PT 365 documents comprehensively cover the important current affairs of last 1 year (365days) in a consolidated manner to aid Prelims preparation. In our endeavour to further enhance the document in the interest of the aspirants, following additions have been incorporated: 1. Different colours have been used in the document for easy classification and recollection of a variety of information. 2. QR based Smart quiz has been added to test the aspirant’s learnings and understanding. 3. Infographics have been added to ease understanding, provide for smoother learning experience and ensure enhanced retention of the content. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Copyright © by Vision IAS All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of Vision IAS. 2 © Vision IAS DELHI | JAIPUR | PUNE | HYDERABAD | AHMEDABAD | LUCKNOW | CHANDIGARH | GUWAHATI 1. BIOTECHNOLOGY 1.1. DNA TECHNOLOGY (USE AND APPLICATION) REGULATION BILL, 2019 Why in News? Parliamentary Standing Committee on Science and Technology has expressed concerns over some of the provisions of The DNA Technology (Use and Application) Regulation Bill, 2019. About Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) & Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) They are two main types of nucleic acids responsible for the storage and reading of genetic information. • Three types of RNA o Messenger RNA (mRNA) copies portions of genetic code, a process called transcription, and transports these copies to ribosomes, which are the cellular factories that facilitate the production of proteins
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