an oeo ^RejNe iL.lrl'j,

Talje Monthly Magazine of Jin Qommn Cjaidhealaed

Volume XV. Oct., 1919, to Sept., 1920, inclusive.

AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH, 114 West Campbell Street, Glasgow. CONTENTS

GAELIC DEPARTMENT. PAGE PAGE Am Fear Deasachaidh — Am Meirleach’sa Chuid Bhan, - 115 A Bhliadhn’ Ur, ... 49 An Gaidheal an Canada, ... 6 Am Mod, 17 An Da Mharsanta, - 135, 148 Adhartas, ------161 An Comunn Gaidhealach, . - - 15 An “Glasgow Herald” agus a’ Ghaidhlig, 65 An Uair a bha a’ Ghaidhlig aig na h-e6in, 11 Comh-Chruinneachadh nan Ceilteach, - 1 Cruinne Eblas: Alba, 12, 74, 108, 126, 140, 153 „ „ „ „ 145 Dealbh-Chluich air son Chloinne, - 157, 169 Geann-Suidhe a’ Chomuin is a Thurus, - 113 Diasan Gaidhealach, - - 93, 103 Cnuasachd is Hud no Dha Eile, - 81 Eilean Da Dhealgain, - - - - 146 „ „ „ - - 97 Laoidh Mhaoil-Iosa, - - - 153 Cor na Duthcha aig an Am, - - 1 29 Litir gu an Fhir Dheasachaidh, - - 61 C6 De’n Triuir Da’m Buin Thul - 177 Mo Bhandia Bhoidheach, - - 14 Moran ’ga Radh is Beagan ’ga Dheanamh, 33 Mu Shealg Dheireannach Oisein, - - 181 Aiseirigh “Alba,” - - - - 80 Na Piocaich, - 76 Alasdair Mac an Impire, - 38, 55, 77, 87 Na h-Uighean, - 16 Am Madadh Ruadh, .... 3 Oraid a’Chinn-Shuidhe, - - 21 Bardachd. PAGE PAGE An Duhh Ghleannach (ce61), - - - 90 Mo Dhuthaich Fhein, - - - - 37 Brosnachadh Nan Gaidheal, - - - 180 Oran Do’n Reisimeid Chataeh, - - 165 Donnchadh Mac Gilleleith, - - - 54 Oran Gaoil, ------155 Fraoch Geal, 76 Pangur Ban, ------189 Moladh Ghlinne Comhann, - - - 142 Plobaireachd Dhomhnuil Duibh, - - 114 Miann an Eilthirich (Ceol), - - - 59 Address presented to Mr. Malcolm Macleod, 67 3 ENGLISH DEPARTMENT. PAGE -An Comunn in Ross-shire, - - - 127 Mod in Edinburgh— Awakening of Skye, - - - - 123 Official Opening, - 18 Backbone of the Nation, . - - 95 President's Address, - - 19 Bell-Ringing Salmon, - - - - 126 Lord Provost’s Welcome, - 21 Branch Concerts, - - - - 79, 142 Ceilidh, - - - - - 23 ■Celts in Council, 4 Second Day, - 23 Celtic Congress, - - - - - 158 Annual Meeting, - 24 Celtic Art, 186 Prize List, - - - - - 26 Census of 1921 and Gaelic, - - - 134 New President (Portrait), - - 28 Churches and Gaelic, - - - - 177 New Members, - - 47, 96, 112,160 Comunn News, - - - 61, 95, 191 Notes and Comments, - 12 Edinburgh Mod Donations, - - 15, 47, 63 Oban Mod Fund, - - 128, 159, 176,192 Executive Council, - 43, 99, 131, 163 Pan Celtic Congress, - 119 Executive Meeting at Stirling, - - 50 Place Names on Deeside, 60, 75 Fragments of Gaelic Songs, - - - 150 Place of Gaelic in Schools, - 86 Gaelic in Ireland, 37 Publication Fund, 34, 80, 96, 112, 128, 160, 198 Generous Gaels, 167 Propaganda Campaign, - 83, 100, 138, 159 Highland Education (A. Macdonald), - 10 Race, ------6 Hills of Aberdeenshire, - - - - 107 Reconstruction and Land, - - - 14 Highland Place Names, - - - - 89 Reviews, - . - - 14, 62, 127 Impressions of Edinburgh Mod, - - 34 Secretary’s Page, 10, 30, 45, 57, 78, 92, 100, -Juvenile Prize Papers, - - - - 42 „ „ 120, 141, 154, 168, 190 Letters to Editor, - - - 46, 143, 191 Sydney Gaelic Society, - - - - 95 Leaving Certificate Exams., - - 121,139 Teaching of Gaelic, - - - 40, 54 Late Celtic Congress, - - - - 174 Toast (Principal MAllister), - - - 111 Traditions in Gaelic Poetry, - - 44, 58 The Celts, 124 VOLUMES II., V., VI., VII., VIII., X., XI., XII., and XIII. MAY BE HAD FROM THE SECRETARY of AN COMUNN, 114 West Campbei.l Street, GLASGOW.

Vols. 9, 10, 11, - 3/-. ,, 12, 13, 14, - 4-. Postage Extra. AN DEO-GREINE Leabhar XV.] Mios Deireannach an Fhogharaidh, 1919. [Earrann 1. aindeoin gacli cungaidh-ionnsacliaidh a tha ’n CLAR-INNSIDH. duthaich a’ sealbhachadh. Comh-Chruiueaehadh nan Ceilteach an Dun-Eideann. 0 chionn ghoirid, bha an saoghal air a NaAm h Madadh Uighean—The Rnadh—The Eggs, Russet- Fox- and, the- Cat,- 3 bhodhradh a’ cluinntinn mu ’n bhunachas Celts in Council, 4 nuadh ris an canar self-determination, no fein- An Gaidheal ann an Canada, .... 6 rim; rud a bha ma b’ fliior, a’ dol a chur gach The Secretary’s Page, - cinneach air a’ bhonn a bha cinneadail daibh, AnNotes Uair and a Comments,Bha Gaidhlig aig na h-E6in. cha ’n e mhain do thaobh riaghailtean Cruinne-Eolas:Reconstruction Alba,and Land, ... - - - - . diithchasach, ach do thaobh an canain. Cha “Mo Bhandia Bhoidheach,” - - - . - ’n ’eil dad agam ’na aghaidh, ma gheibh na AnReview, Comunn - Gaidhealach- - - - . - IS cinnich sin an cothrom a tha iad a’ meas Edinburgh Mod Donations, 15 freagarrach do ’n suidheachadh. Nach ann aca fein as fearr tha brath. Ciod e an gnothuch a tha aig coimhich tighinn ’san eadraiginn, cho COMH-CHRUINEACHADH NAN CEILT- fad is nach tachair dochunn do ’n rioghachd air EACH AN DUN-EIDEANN. tailleamh a leithid de shuidheachadh ? 0 chionn fhada bha droch cleachdadh aig Cumh- Aig toiseach a’ mhios seo bidh Ceiltich achdan na h-E6rpa, mar a theirear riutha, an cruinn an Dun-eideann a dh’ aon ghnothuch a uair a choisneadh iad buaidh-larach air diith- chum a bhi a’ leigeil fhaicinn do’n bhaile chanan a bu laige na iad fein a bhi feuchainn ri mhaiseach, ainmeil ud, maille ris an duthaich canain nan duthchanan sin a mhuchadh as, ach gu leir, gur h-airidh litreachas, eachdraidh, is ’s e bh’ ann mar bu deine a bhriithadh iad an canain an sinnsrean air an aite a bhuineas sail, ’s ann bu diorrasaiche a bha na cinnich daibh am beus is oilcan an t-sluaigh ’nar linn. bheaga a’ greimeachadh air an cainnt dhiith- Mur b’ airidh, cha chaitheadh ollamhan is chasaich fein. Ma ni duthaich ’sam bith suas a daoine ionnsaichte eile a leithid de shaothair h-inntinn a thaobh a canain a shabhaladh o mu ’n ghnothuch. Ma bheirear aire do na sheargadh, ©’arson nach leigteadh lea tha ? cuspairean a tha air an uidheamachadh Nach ’eil lan choir aig sluagh a bhi a’ tighinn an clar-iuil na coinnimh, chi sinn gur fiach beo a reir an gne, an canain is an dual cha?, ma iad suim a ghabhail riutha, gu sonraicht© thogras iad, agus sin gun iasad o chach l An le Gaidheil. Is aithne dhuinn gu math na duthaich nam Bretonach tha an lagh Frangach baothairean a bhios, le snodha gaire, a’ cur sios a’ toirmeasg cainnte an bsluaigh a bhi air a air canain nan Ceilteach mar nach robh innte teagasg aims na sgoilean. Is beag saorsa a ach goileam gun seadh—dbigh labhairt air tha ri fhaicinn ’na leithid seo de riaghladh, gu nach ’eil feum, deir iadsan, aig daoine h-araidh le duthaich a rinn boilich ann an toinisgeil an diugh. Sin agad barail a tha ag laithean a dh’ fhalbh mu “ Saorsa, Coimh- eirigh o straic an aineolais—droch ghalar, ro ionannachd is Braithreachas.” Is fad o’n a shoirbh a ghabhail, ach doirbh a leigheas a dh’ thuig mise gur h-e a’ mhuinntir as motha a ni AN DEO-GREINE. goileam mu shaorsa as lugha a dhuraiceas an t- socharach. Cha ’n fhoghainn ach an cloinn a sochair sin do chach, mur freagair e do ’n rian chur an cuingead fo phlaosg coimheach Gallda, a dlxealbh iad fein. a chionn gur fasan an ama e. Tha iad air fas * * * cho neo-shuimeil mu na feartan agus na subhail- Tha a’ Chuimrigh ag obair gu greimeil air cean a bha comharrachadh an sinnsir, mar taobh an canain fein, agus tha gnotbuichean a’ nach b’ fhiach iad an cumail air chuimhne— dol leotha. Gha ’n fhuiling iadsan a stiiiir a subhailcean a bu chiataiche na moran de ’n bhi fo iaimh an t-Sasunnaich ; is fearr leotha an fheadhainn a thatar a’ moladh an diugh. Tha ailm a bhi fo’n achlais fein. A thaobh cainnt na seann sgeulan air dol a fasan le cuid. Ach nan Eirionnach, is cinnteach gu’n cluinn sinn nach fhiach iad a leughadh an aite nan sgeulan m’ a' cor aig a’ choinneaimh. Tha ’n diithaich ud leibideach a tha ’dortadh oiran mar thuil ’nar air ghoil le ciiisean eile ris nach gabh mi latha. Tha teagasg glan, fillte ann am mdran gnothuch an seo. Ma dhearcas sinn air diubh. C’ aite am faighear sgeulachd na’s Albainn, chi sinn grunnan a tha fhathast dileas brighmhoire an teagasg na “ Spiorad na h- do’n Ghaidhlig is do ’n Chomunn Ghaidhealach. Aoise” a sgriobh seann Tormod MacLeoid? Bu mhath learn dearbhadh fhaotainn gur h-ann Air mo shon fhin dheth, “ ged tha mo cheann as lionmhoire a tha iad a’ fas. Fhuair sinn na air liathadh, ’s mo chiabhagan air tanachadh,” bha dhith oirnn gun mhoran carraide. Bha is mor an t-iirachadh ’san toil-inntinn a tha mi sinn a’ strith air ar socair o 1872, ged bha cuid a’ faighinn le bhi leughadh cuid de na seann de ’n bheachd gu robh sinn ro mhairnealach ’san sgeulachdan. Agus na h-6rain! Cha bu chilis, ach fhuair foighidinn furtachd an uair a mhath leam companas a chumail ri neach nach chaidh an t-Achd Ur a chur air bonn am gabh tlachd annta-san, oir ’nam bheachd tha bliadhna, agus a choisinn a’ Ghaidhlig an baite dual teagamhach ’na inneach is ’na dhliith. a bha dligheach dhith air clar-foghluim nan * * * sgoilean. Cha ’n ’eil againn a nis ach an Tha fiughair agam gu’m faicear sgaoth de na cothrom a chur gu buil chubhaidh, a chum gu Gaidheil an Dun-eideann air an naoidheamh is faigh a’ chlann eolas air cainnt an aithrichean— an deicheamh la de’n mhios seo, an uair a bhios a’ chainnt sin a riochdaicheas a nosan ’s an Mod a’ Chomuinn Ghaidhealaich ’na shuidhe, dbigh-bheatha, am faireachaidhean, an ceol, ’s oir ged tha dochas againn gu lean deagh bhuil na h-6rain do bheil mdran de choigrich a’ an cruinneachadh eile—“Y cynghrair Celtaidd,” tabhairt umhail an diugh, agus air nach gabh mar a their na Cuimrich—is e Mod ar Comuinn iad naire iasad a ghabhail a chum an ealaidhean fein as dliiithe ri ar n-aigneadh. Air an fein a dheanamh na ’s riomhaiche. aobhar sin measadh gach Gaidheal mar a * * * dhleasanas a bhi lathair, ma theid aig air. Tha Ma’s miann le Gaidheil turn tlachdmhor, a h-uile dad ullamh, fo laimh Runaire a’ duthchasach a dheanamh a nis air dhaibh an Chomuinn, agus ma tha urachadh inntinn a cothrom ris an robh an dream a bu dealasaiche dhith air Gaidheil Ghlascho, is Dhun-eidinn, is hiam measg an diiil o chionn leth chiad cheaman na’s fhaide as—rud nach bu mhisde bliadhna, leigeadh iad an dilseachd fhaicinn le sinn uile am measg na h-upraid a tha ’dol air bhi ’reiteachadh chiiisean a bhuineas do leas na aghaidh air feadh na tire aig an am seo— Gaidhlige, le bhi a’ sguabadh a thaobh gach thigeadh iad chun na cuirme a tha feitheamh bagradh a thig ’san rathad, le bhi a’ treigsinn orra. Is e lan di-am-beatha e. Foillsicheadh an cion-mothachaidh a bhatar a’ cur as an leith iad do’n diithaich gu bheil an eibhleag o chionn fhada, agus—leig dhomh a radh—le ghneitheil beb fhathast, a dh’ aindeoin ’s mar bhi a’ cumail siiil fhurachar air a’ bhuidheann a tha iad air am bodhradh le gleadhraich nam ur aig a bheil foghlum na duthcha fo ’n eiiram. bailtean mora, no an impis a bhi air an Cha ’n ’eil mi cinnteach asda fhathast. bathadh ann an sruth truaillidh an ama. Ma’s Thugadh Gaidheil an ceart aire nach ’eil nith- miann leis a’ Ghaidheal a shroin a chumail an ean cho reidh’s a tha daoine am barail, eadhon uachdar, gabhadh e ris na sean brain Ghaidh- ged fhuair a’ Ghaidhlig a h-aite fein le Achd ealach mar roghainn air sgriachail nan Parlamaid. Tha na sean naimhdean ’san tighean-cluiche. Sealladh e le mheanmna an diithaich fhathast, ’nan diiisg, ’s na ’s seolta drasda’s a’ rithist air “ na linntean a dh’ aom,” na bha iad roimhe, agus tha e eu-comasach do agus am briathran Oisein, “ bidh sgeula na h- Achd Parlamaid naimhdeas do ar canain a aimsir a dh’ flialbh mar ghath soluis do anam.” dhubhadh as. Faodaidh sinn a bhi cinnteach Thigeadh e chun a’ Mhbid, is “ crathadh e air gu ’n teid innleachd air choireigin a dheilbh a chill gach brbn le fonn’s le cebl’s le cainntear- chum a putadh an ciiil, agus clann na Gaidh- achd. Is binne an tathaich sud mar cheud, na ealtachd a thaladh gu rian is cumadh an t- gleadhraich eitigh chabhsairean.” Suas le Tir Sasunnaich. Tha e soirbh a dheanamh, oir nam Beann, nan Gleann ’s nan Gaisgeach. tha cuid de pharantan Gaidhealach air fas cho Suas leis a’ Ghaidhlig! Sios le a naimhdean ! AN DEO-GREINE. 3 AM MADADH RUADH. THE RUS5ET FOX AND THE CAT Thachair am Madadh Ruadh agus an Cat air The Russet Fox and the Cat met each other, a cheile, is thuirt am Madadh Ruadh ris a’ and the Russet Fox said to the Cat— Chat— “ Gu de e dheanadh tu, nan tigeadh na miol- “What wouldst thou do, if the hounds choin? ” came 1 ” “ Gu de dheanadh tu fhein, cuideachd ? ” ars’ “ And thou—what wouldst thou do thyself 1 ” an Cat ris. said the Cat to him. ‘‘ Is iomadh car a tha agamsa,” ars esan. “ 0, but I have many a trick,” said he. “ Cia mheud car a tha agad ? ” ars’ an Cat. “ How many tricks hast thou 1 ” said the Cat. “ Tha agam-sa,” ars’ esan, “ lan poca, is “ I have,” said he, “ a poke full and a bag balg.” full.” Dh’ fhoighnich esan an sin de’n Chat, cia He then inquired of the Cat, how many mheud a bha aice-se. Thuirt ise, gu’n robh car tricks she had. She said she had a trick and gu leth. a half. Mu’n d’ fhag iad far an robh iad a’ bruidhinn, But before they could leave the place where thainig na miol-choin, agus leis a’ char gu leth, they were speaking, the hounds came, and the bha ise am barr na craoibhe. Cat with [the help of] the trick and a half, got up into the top of a tree. Bha, an sin, na miol-choin air muin a’ Then the hounds pounced upon the Russet Mhadaidh Ruaidh. Fox. An uair a chunnaic an Cat, is i am barr na When the Cat in the top of the tree, saw that craoibhe, gu’n robh e a brath a bhi [air a he was on the point of [being killed], and shriek- mharbhadh], is e anns a’ ghlaodhaich, thuirt i ing, she said to him, ris, “ Ma theirig am poca, leig a mach am balg.” “ If the poke [full of tricks] is exhausted, fetch out [what you have in] the bag.” From John Mac Arthur, who says he learnt it from Donald MacDougall, shepherd, Staois- eadh,From who theis aMS. native Collections of Glenara.—Ballygrant, of the late J. F. CampbellMarch 24th, of Islay,1861. Vol. XI., No. 252. NA H-UIGHEAN. THE ECGS. Bha dithis ann roimhe so, ’us thugadh uapa There were formerly a couple whose young am paisde 6g a bha aca, ’us am fear a bha ’na child had been taken from them, and the one aite, cha robh e fas mor idir. [Is iad na that had been left in its place would not grow sithichean a thug am paisde leo, ach bha sin an at all. [It was fairies who had taken the child ain-fhios do na parantan, agus diiil aca gur e away, but the parents did not know that, but an leanabh fein a bh’ ann.] supposed that it was their own child.] Cha bu mho e na cnap buntata, ’us dh’ The creature was no bigger than a potato, yet itheadh e lan miosair mhoir de bhrochan ged a he would eat if he could get it a large dish of gheabhadh e e, ’us theireadh seann daoine gu’n brose quite full. And very aged, too, he looked, robh coslas aosda air. the old men used to say. Thainig coigreach an rathad, aig an robh A stranger came that way, who had more tuilleadh e61ais-cinn na bha aca-san, ’us a dh’ knowledge in his head than they had, and he aithnich an t-6ganach \sic\ na b’fhearr na an discerned what sort of a youngling it was, fheadhainn aig an robh e ’ga arach. better than they who were bringing it up. Bha iad-san a’feoraich dheth mu’n phaisde, They asked the stranger about the child, and ’us thuirt esan gu’m feuchadh e ciod e an he said he would try and find out what sort of seorsa oganaich a bh’ ann. a youngling it was. Dh’ iarr e se uighean, ’us fhuair e siod. Thug He asked for six eggs, and having got them, e toll orra, ’us thug e am biadh as a h-uile made hole[s] in them, and took the meat out of h-aon diubh ach a dha, ’us chuir e mu’n cuairt every one of them but two, and then set them air teine maith iad. round a good fire. Chuir e a mach muinntir an tighe, ’us dh’ Then he put the people of the house out, and, fhag e na h-uighean aig an teine, ’us chaidh e leaving the eggs at the fire, went to a window fhein aim an uiuneig air mqllach an tighe. at the top of the house. 4 AN DEO-GREINE. Dh’ eirich esan as a’chreathail ’na bhodacli, The creature got up out of the cradle [in the ’us a cheann briagh, Hath, mo chreach! ’us chuir shape of] an old man, with a fine grey head, too, e thar a chinn iad, ’us biadh chan fhaigheadh e alas! Placing his paw round the eggs, he ann a h-aon diubh, gus an d’rainig e a dha| lifted them up and held them over his head, but anns an robh am biadh, ’us ’huair a rainig, dh’ meat he could not find in one of them, until he 61 e iad, ’us chuir e an ordan iad mar a bha iad came to the two in which the meat was. When roimhe, ’us diiil aige nach robh duine ’ga he came to them, he sucked them and put them fhaicinn. back just as they were before, supposing that nobody was looking at him. Thill e an sin air a ais, a stigh do’n He then retired into his cradle. chreathaih Thainig iad an so a stigh, ’us thoisich Hereupon the other people came in, and the an coigreach air feuchainn nan uighean, ma b’ stranger began to examine the eggs, or so at fhior e fhein, feuch an robh iad mar a dh’ least he pretended, to see if they were as he had fhag e iad. left them. An uair a chunnaic e nach robh, ghlaoidh e When he saw that they were not, he shouted air mathair a’ phaisde, ’us dh’ iarr e a chur leis for the mother of the child, and desired that it a’ chreig. should be thrown down \lit. with] a rock. Thug ise leatha e, dh’a chur leis a’chreig, ’us She took it away in order to throw it down a an uair a bha i ’ga chur leatha, theireadh e, rock, but as she was throwing it down, it said, “ Ud ! ud ! ud ! ad! na dean ! ” “ Ut! ut! ut.! at! don’t! ” Chuir i leis a’chreig e, ’us ghabh esan air But down the rock she threw it nevertheless, falbh an sin ’na sheann bhodach Hath, ’s e ag and it then went away [in the shape of] an old radh, grey man, saying, “ Cha chinn e leat. Thug mi tri bliadhna “ Thou wilt not succeed [in killing me], I comhla riut, agus is cruaidh nach d’rinn mi have spent three years with thee, and it is hard triiiir cosmhuil riut.” that I have not made three other people even as thou art.” [An uair a thainig i dhachaidh, fhuair i a [When she came home she found her own leanabh fein anns a’chreathail roimpe.] child already there in the cradle.] Ghleidh iad an coigreachf uine comhla They kept the stranger with them for some riutha, ’us phaigh iad gu maith e. time, and paid him well. From Ann M'Lean, Tobermory, Mull. t “ Dithis ” in MS. But “ dithis ” ought only to be used of persons, never of things. From the MS. Collections of the late J. F. had been used already to signify the changeling. CampbellFor similars, of Islay, see Iain W. OgH. He,Tales, Yol. II., xi., No.267. 28: thatThe it changeling’s thought it lasthad remarkdone the seems mother to harm,mean Rev.f “ J. An G. t-bganach Campbell’s ” inSuperstitions, MS. But “39. bganach ” similarly.and would like to have treated three other people CELTS IN COUNCIL. The Gaelic Literature of Scotland from a.d. 1600 Onwards. From the 6th to the 10th of this month Celts Educational Policy and Methods of the of various nationalities will assemble in Edin- Celtic Countries with regard to their burgh for the purpose of considering the posi- respective Celtic Languages, Literature, tion and prospects of their respective languages and History. in relation to the reconstruction of the new The Celt in History—Ancient, Mediaeval, world about which so much is written in our and Modern Nationality and Music. day. At the Conference held at Neath in The Music of the Celt in Scotland, August, 1918, the Pan-Celtic Union were The Music of the Celt in Ireland. invited to hold their next meeting in Edin- The Lord Provost of Edinburgh, Sir John Lome burgh this year, and the second week in October MacLeod, will give a reception. The concert, was deemed to be a suitable tinm The which is to be held in the Usher Hall on Tues- arrangements are now completed. The pro- day, the 7th, should be of unique interest to all gramme, which should appeal to all true Celts, lovers of music, because illustrations of the should also be of interest to the more cultured songs and airs of Celtic Scotland, Ireland, citizens of “ Modern Athens.” Papers will be Wales, Man, and Britanny will be given. Sir read upon the following subjects: Donald MacAHster, K.C.B., Principal of the AN DEO-GREINE. 5 University of Glasgow, will preside. Scottish look for a distinct advancement. Scotland is artistes will be represented by Miss Patuffa a tame nation, the North-Western part of it Kennedy Fraser, Miss Maimie Waddel, Mr particularly so, and now that the right and Roderick Macleod, the well-known Gaelic opportunity of using Gaelic as an instrument soloist, Mr Hugh Mackay, Lieut. Colin Macleod, of culture is admitted, it is to be hoped that no and Mr George Short. The Edinburgh Gaelic obstacle will be thrown in the way on the part choir, under the conductorship of Mr Neil Orr, of either parents or Education Authorities. will also appear. Ireland will be represented Our knowledge of the language movement in by Miss Elsie Hayes; Wales by Madame Ireland is somewhat hazy. Some say it is in Diverres, Miss Samuel, Dr Vaughan Thomas, a chaotic condition; others say that it is and Mr Arthur Lewis; the Isle of Man by Miss making greater strides than ever, and that Doris Callister; and Britanny by Madame “ the old stupid and short-sighted policy of Diverres and Professor Jacob. repression is reaping what it sowed.” No doubt Taking the programme of the Conference as the Congress will enlighten us. The game of a whole, and the learned gentlemen who are to repressing languages in the smaller nationali- deliver lectures, the Edinburgh meeting will ties of the Continent of Europe is one that has furnish an intellectual feast seldom to be had. produced better fruit. As Miss Agnes O’Far- Then there is the Mod of An Comunn Gaidheal- relly well said at the Neath Conference: — ach, which is to be held on the 9th and 10th. “ There is no such thing as reducing men and Naturally the Mod will appeal to the hearts of nations to a common denominator.” A pro- Scottish Gaels in a manner different from that found meaning lies hidden in this saying. In of the other meeting. The two gatherings former years, attempts made by Continental should form a memorable Celtic week for the Powers to label weaker nations, linguistically, people of Edinburgh, as well as for those living generally ended in a failure, and a legacy of further afield. It was a happy arrangement bitterness. It will always be so. \ to hold them on the same week, for representa- Apropos to the observations we have been tives of different Celtic nationalities will have making above, we may conclude them by quot an opportunity of holding converse with one ing some pithy remarks made by a lady another on the great question of a Union of speaker at a former Conference of the Pan- of Celts all over the world, so that Celtic cul- Celtic Union. Miss O’Farrelly at the Neath ture and ideals may be focussed in. one common Conference : —“ Different races, influenced as object, viz., the preservation of the language they are in different proportions by spiritual and literature of Celtic peoples as the “ most and material things, must look upon life with potent expression of the mentality and spiritual different eyes.” “ It is bad for a race to live vision and prevision of the race.” That this in the past, but it is worse for a race to forget literature is a fascinating one, calculated to its past. Woe to the people who loosen the uplift our thoughts, and fire the imagination, is bonds which bind them to their forebears; this beyond question : it is admitted by those best bond—like the marriage-bond in the family— able to judge. Yet many of the less cultured, which alone ensures the stability of a com- and therefore more worldly among us, are to a munity and their permanence as world- considerable extent apathetic; probably the factors.” “ We Celtic peoples are the earliest result of yielding to, and being blinded by, the voice from the dawn of West-European civilisa- spirit of an age which is not friendly to Celtic tion ; our institutions, our faith, our forms of aspirations. If we can rouse the democracy art, point in their origins to noble things.” from the apathy that seems to have seized them “ Shall we, the heirs of uplifting thoughts and regarding the inheritance which is their right aspirations, shall we go under the grinding to possess in virtue of race, but to which they wheel of a material advance, divorced from a do not yet attach the proper value, we may be sane philosophy of life and life-values ” “ No able to save them from the calculating philis- one people can guide another people’s destiny— tinism that seeks to destroy everything a thing as distinct as its genius.” “ The Celts spiritual in Celtic mentality, and thus bring are a distinct race, mentally and physically; about race suicide. the gift of imagination—beautiful tragic gift— The Welsh have a brilliant record in their is undoubtedly the birthright of our race.” fight for language recognition, and among the “ The Celt must be free to live his own life fighters are many of the most scholarly men in according to his own national ideals; he must Wales. It would be rash to say this of Scot- inhabit the earth like other races, but his insti- land, but we look for better days as things get tutions must be based on history and its origins, into normal conditions. Once our schools are as well as on the needs of the present.” equipped so as to afford Gaelic its rightful It is earnestly to be hoped that Gaels living place in the curriculum, we may reasonably within a convenient distance from Edinburgh AN DEO-GREINE. will make arrangements to be present at the Mod on the 9th and 10th of this month. It AN GAIDHEAL ANN AN CANADA, may not be so easy for those living farther Le Domhnull Domhnullach, Ottawa, Canada, away, but where there’s a will there’s a way. (Leughadh seo aig Ceilidh Nan Gaidheal.) The Mod, though on a slightly smaller scale than the former ones, promises to be eminently successful. It will, doubtless, assume its old Thainig na ciad eilthirich Ghaidhealach do dimensions next year, when the country settles Chanada ’sa bhliadlma 1773, air an luing down to its normal activities. Come, there- “ Hector.” Dh’ fhag an “ Hector ” Grianaig fore, in your hundreds, even if at a little incon- toiseach an luchair Shamhraidh le tri teagh- venience. Suas le ar canain is ar ceol! laichean agus coignear ghillean oga. Thaghail i ’n Lochbhraoin an Siorramachd Rois, far an d’ thug i air bord tri deug thar fhicead de theaghlaichean, agus coig thar fhichead de RACE. ghillean oga, Chaidh piobair air bbrd mu ’n d’ fhag i. Bha ’n sgiobair air son a chur gu The following quotation from Emerson tir ach rinn na h-eilthirich eadar-ghuidhe as a (English Traits) is given as a foreword in the leth, agus fhuair e cead seoladh leo. Transactions of the Celtic Congress of 1918 : — Bha mu thuaiream da chiad eilthireach air “ The sources from which tradition derives their an “ Hector ” a’ fagail Lochbraoin. Bha iad stock are mainly three. And, first, they are of sunndach an am seblaidh, ach cha b’ fhada gus the oldest blood of the world—the Celtic. na thiondaidh an sunnd gu debir an uair a Some peoples are deciduous or transitory. chunnaic iad fearann an sinnsre uidh air ’n uidh Where are the Greeks? where are the Etrurians? a’ dol as an t-sealladh, gus mu dheireadh nach where the Romans ? But the Celts or Sidonians robh dad ri fhaicinn ach an cuan agus na neoil are an-old family, of whose beginning there is os an cionn. Fhuair iad turus anrach le droch no memory, and their end is likely to be still shid is sruithean fiara; cha robh luingeas more remote in the future; for they have bheaga ’n am ud ach mairnealach an coimeas ri endurance and productiveness. They planted soithichean-smuid an latha ’n diugh, agus dh’ Britain, and gave to the seas and mountains fhairich iad an iiine fadalaeh. Co-dhiiibh cha names which are poems, and imitate the pure mhair ni air bith am feasda, agus an deidh a bhi voices of nature. They are favourably remem- air a’ chuan aon seachduinn-diag, rainig iad bered in the oldest records of Europe. They acarsaid Phictou an Albainn Ur (Nova Scotia). had no violent feudal tenure, but the husband- Thog an inntinn ris an fhearann iir, agus man owned the land. They had an alphabet, sgeadaich iad iad fhein ’nam feilidhean’s ’nam astronomy, priestly culture, and a sublime breacain a dhol gu tir. Thainig Innsinich creed. They have a hidden and precarious ’nan codhail a dh’ ionnsaigh a’ chladaich a’ genius. They made the best popular litera- bagradh a bhi aimhreiteach, ach ’nuair a chual ture of the middle ages in the songs of Merlin iad sgal na pioba, agus a chunnaic iad luchd and the tender and delicious mythology of nan fheilidhean, dh’ oilltich iad gur h-iad na Arthur.” saighdearan Gaidhealach a ghlac Cuibec ceithir bliadhna deug roimh sin, a bh’ air tighinn do Dr Murray, who seems to be the only mem- Phictou. Chiiir iad na buinn rithe cho luath ber who takes any interest in crofter life, ’s a dheanamh an casan dhaibh e do’n choille, declares that there are about 1,000 houses agus an cridheachan air chrith leis an eagal. where human beings and cattle went in by the Cha do mhaoidh iad dragh a chur air na same door. In Skye, on the Government’s coigrich an deidh an latha ud. own property, 107 houses were in the same con- Ged a fhuair na h-eilthirich mhisneachail ud dition. What a scandal in a kingdom that greim air tir, bha tuille cruadail air thoiseach boasts of its superior civilisation 1 The High- orra. Bha ’m fearann a ghealladh dhaibh lands have for a considerable time been the astar fada stigh ’san diithaich, a chionn bha na Cinderella of Scotland—tame and law-abiding. fearainn an taic a’ chladaich air an gabhail cheana. Bha sin ’na bhriste-duil dhaibh, a The “ Scottish Smallholder ” writes that thaobh bha moran dhiubh ’nan iasgairean air “ through one cause and another rural depopu- an robh fiughair roinn de ’n 16n a thoirt as an lation has drained the life-blood of , the country fhairge. Bha e motha ’s fad air aghart ’sa into the towns, the central arteries are choked bhliadhna gus aiteach a dheanamh; bha fios and congested, while the free flow of labour and aca gu’n robh Geamhradh fada air thoiseach industry in the main arteries is checked and orra, agus b’ fheudar do mhoran dhiubh, fir is anaemic. mnathan, a dhol g’an cosnadh do na bailtean AN DEO-GREINE. mora bu dluitbe laimh; cuid diubh chaidh cho iad le ’n iochdarain a’ dhol air imrich, agus cha fad air falbh ri Halifacs a tha cbrr is sia fichead ’n ’eil teagamh nach robh sin fior. Bha na mile a Pictou. Gaidheil air an cumail fodha aig an am air A’ chuid nach b’urrainn a dhol gu cosnadh tailleamh Thearlaich. Bha sluagh lionmhor, thog iad bothagan far an do chuir iad seachad na fearainn beag, agus “ cha ruig am beagan an Geamhradh. Bha iad toilichte fhad ’sa fuilt air cul a’ chinn ’s air clar an aodainn.” gheibheadh iad min is buntata, a bh’ aca ri Cha ’n ’eil e chum buannachd a’ Ghaidheil ghiulan astar mhlltean air an druim. Thill an fuireach daonnan ’san Gseann dachaidh. “ Cha fheadhainn a chaidh g’an cosnadh agus ghabh ’n ’eil ebin an nid na bliadhn’ uiridh.” Tha iad seilbh ’nam fearainn. An ath bhliadhna iomadh aon de’r luchd-duthcha a dh’ fhag an thoisich iad air reiteach’s air aiteach. Shoirbh- gleann ’san robh iad 6g gle fhalamh, a choisinn ich leo gu math ’s ri tlm thainig iad gu bhi dhaibh fein cliu agus saibhreas nach faigheadh comhfhurtachail. am feasda na b’ airde na bhi na sgalag na’n d’ Ged a chuir na ceud eilthirich fios dhachaidh fhan iad ann an dachaidh an bige. mu gach cruadail a bha ’san diithaich iir cha do Bha Gaidheil ag aiteach ann am Mbr-roinn chum sin feadhainn eile gun tighinn as gach Chuibec aireamh bhliadhnachan mu ’n d’ thainig ceam, gus ri bliadhnachan an robh Gaidheil ceud eilthirich na “ Hector.” Bha iadsan am liomnhor an Albainn Ur. measg nan saighdearan Breatunnach a thug Sia ’s da fhichead bliadhna ’n deidh do Canada bho na Frangaich. ’Nuair a chaidh eilthirich na “ Hector ” tighinn do Albainn Ur, an t-arm Breatunnach a leigeil fo sgaoil, an ’sa bhliadhna 1819, thainig am Bard Iain Mac deigh a’ chogaidh, thairgeadh fearann saor do Gilleathain a Tiriodh (Bard Thighearna Cholla). na saighdearan. Ghabh moran de Ghaidheil B’ esan a rinn an t-6ran iomraiteach sin “ A’ ris an tairgs’ a thug an Crun dhaibh, agus Choille Ghruamach ” ; bran a tha toirt cunntas thbisich iad air aiteach an Cuibec. A chionn firinneach ann am bardachd shnasmhor air a’ nach robh mnathan Gaidhealach an Canada aig chruadal a bh’ aig a’ chiad luchd-aiteachaidh ri an am, phbs iad nigheanan nam Frangach a sheasamh. Ghabh am Bard fearann ann an bha ’sa choimhearsnachd aca, agus ’se sin is Siorramachd Antigonish ’sa chrich ri Siorram- aobhar na h-uiread de Ghaidheil Fhrangaich a achd Phictou. Fhuair esan a sharuchadh a’ bhi nis an Cuibec ’s gun a lathair dhiubh ach reiteach an fhearainn mar a fhuair na ciadan a an bainm. thainig roimhe, agus as a dheidh. Bha na Rinneadh a’ cheud aiteach an Canada Uachd- craobhan mora ri ’n leagail, agus ri ’n gearradh arach (Ontario), ’sa bhliadhna 1783 le Gaidheil gus an gabhadh iad slaodadh air falbh le daimh. a’ thainig tarsuing a Gleann nan Mohac an Staid Bha na bunan ri ’n toirt as an fhreumhaich a New York. B’ iad so na Gaidheil a dh’ eirich dheanamh reiteach air son a ’chroinn. B’e ’n le Prionns’ Tearlach, agus b’ fheudar dhaibh an doigh san am a bhi ’gan losgadh ’nan teintean diithaich fhagal an deidh blar Chuil-lodair. air muin a cheile, agus mar tha ’m bard ag Thainig uachdarain agus iochdarain le cheile do innse gus an d’ fhaillnieh feithean a dhroma. Ghleann nam Mohac, far an robh iad sona, Bha inntinn a’ bhaird cho carraideach aig an am sblasach, agus iad an duil an cbrr de ’m beatha ’s gu ’n do shaoil e gu ’n d’ fhalbh gach talanta chaitheamh ann an sith ’san suaimhneas. Cha bha ’na cheann, ach ri tim, ’nuair a chunnaic e b’ fhada ’mheal iad an comh-fhurtachd, ’nuair toradh air son a shaoithreach, thog inntinn, a thbisich an iorghuill eadar America agus agus gheibhear e aig cuirm comhla ri Gaidheil Breatunn. Ged a dh’ eirich na Gaidheil eile ann an taigh Dhaibhi ’ic Mhuirich am dhuineil ud le Tearlach an aghaidh Dhebrsa, Merigonish, far an do sheinn e dhaibh an t-6ran cha chogadh iad an aghaidh Bhreatuinn, agus togarrach, b’ fheudar dhaibh an dachaidhean’s am fearann a chall an dara uair. Leis mar bha ’n duthaich “ Bithibh eutrom ’s togaibh fonn troimhe cheile aig an am’ fhuair iad moran Cridheil sunndach gun bhi from, allahain a tighinn bho Ghleann na Mohac an ’G bl deoch slainte na bheil thall New York do Ghleann-a-Garaidh an Canada. An tir nam beann ’s na gleannan.” Bliadhnachan an deidh dhaibh socrachadh ann Bho am na “ Hector ” lean na Gaidheil air an Gleann-a-Garaidh thaghail comanndair airm tighinn ’nan sruth do dh’ iomadh cearn de dh’ ainmeil an rathad aig an robh toil a chluinntinn Albainn Ur, agus do na Mbr-roinnean eile taic cia mar bha a luchd duthch’ a’ soirbheachadh. a’ chladaich. Thainig moran a Miiideart, agus Chaidh a threbrachadh far an robh fear, Iain 4 Uibhist do dh’ Eilean a Phrionnsa bho oigh- Ruadh, a bha air ceann a’ chomuinn a’ tighinn reachdan Fear a’ Ghlinne, agus a charaid Mac- do Chanada. Thug Iain sgeul ghabhaidh dha Mhic-Ailein. Bha e air a’ raitin gur e math air gach cruadail a fhuair iad air an t-slighe. nan daoine fhein a bha aig na h-uachdarain Thuirt an comanndair nach b’ fhiosrach e n! ris chliuiteach ud ’san amharc ’n uair a chuidich an coimeasadh e ’n trioblaid a fhuair iad ach 8 AN DEO-GREIN& Maois agus Clann Israeli a’ dol troimh ’n theagasg an fhocail mar a b’ fhearr a b’ urrainn fhasach. Cha do chord sud ri Iain Euadh, na dhaibh. S’ e sin a rinn iad. Bha fear mu Gaidheil a choimeas ri Maois agus ri Clann seach a’ dol air ceann na seirbhis gach latha Israeli, agus fhreagair e. “ Chaill Maois leth Sabaid. Uidh air ’n uidh thainig an crann a dhaoine ’san fhasach ach thug mise mo air Lachunn Mor Mac Illebhrath a dhol air dhaoine fhein air fad sabhailte do Ghleann-a ceann na seirbhis. Bha Lachunn ’na dhuine Garaidh.” laidir a chliuthaich ann an iomadh tuasaid. Tri bliadhna ’n deidh sin, ’sa’ bhliadhna Ghabh e mar a cheann teagaisg Daibhi agus 1786, thainig coig ciad eilthireach do Ghleann- Goliath o Ghad. Dh’ innis e d’a luchd- a-Garaidh a Cnoideart, air an luing “ M'Donald.” eisdeachd mar a thagh Daibhi na coig clachan Sheol iadsan cuideachd a Grianaig mar is trie a mine bho ’n t-smth, mar a chuir e te dhiubh rinn ar luchd-duthcha. A rithist ’sa’ bhliadhna roimh eanachain an Philistich, mar a thuit e, 1803, thainig c6rr is mile eilthireach air aon agus a thug Daibhi dheth an ceann le chlaidh- luing a Ceann t-saile agus a Gleanneilg. An uair eamh fhein. Mhol e ’m balachan Eabhrach chaidh na reiseamaidean Gaidhealach a chur fa air son a ghleusdachd. Bhlaithich e ri chuspair sgaoil an deidh cogadh Napoleon thainig agus mhionnaich e cho tapaidh’s a fhuaradh e moran as an eilein Sgitheanach, a eilein mar a thug e ’n ceann thar Mac an Fhir-Mhoir Bharraidh agus cearnan eile de’n Gaidhealtachd am famhair. Cha do chuir iad Lachunn air do Ghleann-a-Garaidh. oeann na seirbhis tuillidh an deidh an la sin. Co aca bha no nach robh na ciad Ghaidheil Ri tim fhuair iad ministear, duin’ a reir an a thainig do Chanada uile ionnsuichte ann an cridhe fhein, a shearmonaicheadh dhaibh gu sgoil, bha iad co dhiiibh measail mu ionnsach- soisgeulach an an canain an athraichean. adh, agus dlchiollach gu foghlum a thoirt do’n Tha gne bhaigheil, chinneadail nan sean cloinn. Cha luaithe gheibheadh iad seilbh Ghaidheal a’ leanntuinn ri Gaidheil Chanada ’nam fearainn na thogadh iad tigh sgoil, agus fhathasd. ’Nuair a thainig mi do’n duthaich a chuiridh iad maighstir sgoile a theagasg na so ’n toiseach, bho chionn corr is da bhliadhna cloinne. Tha bhuil ’sa’ bhlath sin ri fhaicinn dheug thar fhichead air ais, b’ aithne dhomh an diugh. Tha sliochd nan sean laoch air fear-lagha gleusda Gaidhealach a chaidh ardach- thoiseach aims gach dreuchd agus gairm—mar adh gu bhi ’na bhreitheamh. Goirid an deidh dhotairean, mar luchd-lagha, mar mhinisteir- dha dreuchd breitheamh fhaotuinn, bha e ean an t-soisgeil, mar mharsantan, agus mar gleidheadh cuirt, agus thugadh da phriosanach thuathanaich an fhearainn, tha urram na tire air a bheul-thaobh a chum am binn a thoirt a aig clanna nan Gaidheal. mach. “ C’ aimn a tha ort,” thuirt e ris a’ Bha iad mar an ceudna measail mu cheud fhear. “ Timothy Flanagan,” fhreagair chreideamh an athraichean, agus cha luaithe an duine. “ Ciod i a’ chasaid a tha ’na d’ cheadaicheadh an suidheachach dhaibh e, na aghaidh ? ” arsa am breitheamh. “ Misg is bhiodh eaglais no taigh-aoraidh air a thogail leo tuasaid,” fhreagair Timothy. “ Mata,” ars’ a bhiodh ’na chomharra air an aidmheil do ’m am breitheamh, " feumar a leithid sin de dhol buineadh iad. Cha robh e furasda dhaibh air aghaidh a pheanasachadh. “ Paighidh tu daonnan ministir fhaotainn a shearmonaich- deich dollair air neo theid thu coig laithean do’n eadh dhaibh ’nan canain fhein, ach bha daoine phriosan.” Dh’ iarradh a stigh an dara ’nam measg a bha araon crabhach agus priosanach. “ C’ainm a tha ort ? ” arsa ’m comasach ann an urnuigh. Bhiodh iadsan a’ breitheamh. “ D6mhu.ll Dughallach,” fhreag- teagasg’s ag earalachadh an t-sluaigh arms an air an duine. “ Seadh! Ciod i a’ chasaid a doigfi ’s am b’ abhaist do na seann fhoirbhich tha '’na d’aghaidh?” “Misg is tuasaid,” ’s a Ghaidhealtachd a bhi ’deanamh, agus bha fhreagair Domhnull. “ Mata ’laochain,” arsa iad dileas, diirachdach a’ cur an t-sil, ’s a’ ’m breitheamh, “ feumaidh tu bhi faicilleach air bristeadh arain na beatha do’n t-sluagh mar a deoch laidir. Faodaidh tu dol dhachaidh, agus b’ fhearr a b’ aithne dhaibh. fiach gu’m bi thu na t-earalas as a dheidh so.” An uair a chaidh na ceud Ghaidheil a dh’ Bha cuid aig an am am beachd bho’n bha’n da fhuireach do Mhanitoba bha iad bliadhnachan phriosanach cho ciontach ’s cho ciontach, gur gun mhinistear aca, ach thog iad taigh-aoraidh h-e ’n aon pheanas a bu choir dhaibh a bhi air agus sgriobh iad gu Cleir Winnipeg ministear fhaotainn, ach co bu ghlice no d’am b’fhear a chur d’ an ionnsaidh a shearmonaicheadh d’am b’ aithne ’n lagh na ’m breitheamh ionns- dhaibh ’nan canain fhein. Fhuair iad fios air aichte, agus bha esan de’n bheachd gu’n d’ thug ais nach gabhadh ministear Gaidhlig faotainn e choir fhein do gach fear de’n dithis. aig an am, ach chomharlaicheadh dhaibh a bhi Mu dheighinn dilseachd Ghaidheal Chanada gleidheadh choinneamhean, agus fear dhiubh do ’n Chrun ’s do ’n Righ cha ruig mi leas a fhein a dhol air ceann na seirbhis gach latha bheag a’ raitin. Cha deach an dilseachd a Sabaid a sheinn laoidhean Shioin, agus a chur riamh an teagamh, agus air an aobhar sin AN DEO-GREINE. 9 cha ’n eil reusan dhomh diog idir a’ raitin air a’ fhad ’s a bha iad a’ feitheamh a’ charbaid- phuing sin. Faodaidk mi co dkiiibh iomradh smuid rinn am ministear iimuigh; an sin sheinn a thoirt air aon teaghlach ’san duthaich a tha iad an dara laoidh : samlilachail air iomadh teaghlach eile’s an tir. Tha bantrach de shiol Eilein Leoghais a’ Dhe Bheteil le d’ laimh thoirbheartaich fuireach ann an iomall aon de bhailtean sear ’S tu bheathaich t-Isra’l fein: Chuibec aig an robh ceathrar mhac ’nuair a ’S a threbraich feadh an turuis sglth, thoisich an cogadh o chionn corr is ceithir Ar sinnseara gu leir. bliadhn’ air ais. ’Nuair a thainig a’ chiad Ar bbid’s ar n-umuigh nis a ta fhios gu’n robh lompaire na Gearmailt air Aig lathair do chaithir ghrais; eirigh ann an ceannairc an aghaidh ciall is Bi leinn, 0 Dhia, ar n-aithrichean ceartais, thug a’ bhantrach fainear gu robh na ’S na dlobair sinn gu brath. gillean air an luasgadh le ni-eiginn a bha iad a folach oirre-se. Bha iad a’ seanachas ann am B’e so an dbigh anns an deach mbran de Beurla aig an trathan, rud nach b’ abhaist Ghaidheil Chanada do ’n Fhraing, agus cha, dhaibh a dheanamh, a chionn ’s i Ghaidhlig a b’urrainn gun chrioch bhuadhmhor a bhi air a’ bha iad daonnan a cleachdadh aig an taigh, chogadh ’nuair a chaidh na h-urrad shaighd- agus ged a rugadh ’sa dh’ araicheadh am earan fo’n armachd air am misneachadh air a’ mathair ann an Canada, cha d’ ionnsaich i riamh mhodh so. Tha briathran Bard na Leideig Beurla. air am firinneachadh, mar a thuirt e : ’Nuair a thuig i gu’n robh na gillean a’ folach ni-eiginn oirre, thog i oirre far an robh am “ Bidh clanna nan Gaidheil ri aghaidh gach ministear, agus thuirt i ris. “ A bheil nl air cas. bi cearr thall no bhos 1 ” Dh’ innis i dha mar ’S iad gualainn ri gualainn gu buaidh no gu bha a mic a’ folach rud-eiginn oirre. “ An bas.” cuala sibh idir,” arsa m’ ministear, “ mar tha Tha cbir araidh aig na Gaidheil air Canada. a’ Ghearmailt air eirigh ann an naimhdeas an An uair a thug na Breatunnaich buaidh air na aghaidh na Frainge, agus mar a b’ fneudar do Frangaich aig Cuibec bho chioim cbrr is ciad Bhreatunn dol a chogadh a theasairginn na gu leth bliadhn’ air ais, b’iad na saighdearan Frainge ? ” “A bheil,” arsa ise, “ na Gaidheil Gaidhealach a bha ri aghaidh a’ bhatail sin. ’sa chogadh sin ? ” “ Tha, gun teagamh,” An deidh do’n chogadh criochnachadh dh’ fhan fhreagair am ministear. “ Ma tha,” arsa a’ mbran diubh ’s an duthaich mar dh’ ainmich bhantrach, “ foghnaidh sin.” Thill am boiri- mi cheana. Uaithe sin gu ruig so, bha na onnach cneasda dhachaidh, agus dh’ fhan i gus Gaidheil iomraiteach ann an aiteach na tire. an trath fheasgair. Nuair a ghabh na gillean Ghiulan iad uallach is teas an latha a’ an suipeir thuirt i riu. “ Nach nebnach reiteach nam fearann eireachdail a tha gus dhiubh a bhi folach ormsa mar tha ciiisean ann an latha ’n diugh ’nan tlachd do ’n t-suil, agus ’san t-seann duthaich.” “ Cha robh,” thuirt ’nan seilbh luachmhor do’n cloinn; saor bho ’n iadsan, “ toil againn carraid a chuir oirbhse.” Chrun gun churam mail, gun fhiamh roimh “ Cha ruig sibh a leas,” thuirt i, “ bhi folach uachdaran. ormsa an ni tha fios aig an t-soaghal air. Ciod Tha clanna nan Gaidheal lionmhor ann am a tha sibh a’ dol a dheanamh?” “Mata,” Parlamaid na tire, agus mbran dhiubh ’nan fhreagair iad, “ bha sinn am beachd gu ’m daoine comasach, cliuiteach, mar bu dual fanadh dithis againn, agus gu ’m falbhadh an dhaibh a bhi, sliochd nan laoch a bh’ anns na dithis eile.” “ Cha ’n ’eil e dual dhuibhse,” fhreagair i, “ bhi aig ’ur dachaidh agus na glinn gun choimeas dhaibh an tlr air thalamh. Gaidheil a’ cogadh. Is e ’ur dleasanas falbh uile.” “ Fagaidh sinn, co-dhiubh, Calum, a chuideachadh leibhse, bho’n is e’s bige,” fhreag- Lord Lovat, in the House of Lords, strongly- air iad. “ Cha ’n ’eil ciiram dhomhsa,” thuirt supported the claims of crofters to better i. “ Is e Dia fein a’s buachaill’ dhomh. housing conditions, and charged the Govern- Cha bhi mi ann an dith.” ment with neglecting the interests of the High- Nuair a fhuair na gillean cead am mathar, dh’ lands. The crofters, he said, were the back- aontaich iad gu’m falbhadh iad ’nan ceathrar. bone of the 9th, 15th, and 51st Divisions, and An la-ar-na-mhaireach chaidh a’ mhathair should not be kept out of the benefits to be cheanalta do na buithean, agus cheannaich i conferred on the rest of Scotland. He main- gach.nl a bhiodh feumail air son an turuis do’n tained that the condition of housing which Fhraing. An ceann beagan laithean bha iad existed on the West Coast of the Highlands and deas is dh’ fhalbh iad. Bha iad a’ fuireach in the Outer Islands was unparalleled in astar sheachd mile bho ’n rathad-iaruinn, agus Western Europe. 10 AN DEO-GREINE. THE SECRETARY’S PAGE. Ceilidh nan Gaidheal resume with a concert in the Faculty Hall on the 18th of this month. Ann am beagan laithean bidh sinn cruinn Professor Magnus Maclean, hon. president, is comhla ann am baile mor Dhuneideann ag eisd- expected to preside, and the committee are pre- eachd ciuil a chuireadh na h-eoin a crannaibh. paring for a large turn-out of members and Tha mi air m’ inntinn a dheanamh suas nach friends. bruidhinn mi facal beurla ri fear no te aig am * * * bheil Gaidhlig re nan laithean sin, ged is mor The Inverness-shire Association are having m’ uallach agus a’ bheurla cho sleamhuinn, an At Home in the Prince of Wales Halls on shodalach. Biodh so ’na rabhadh agus ’na the 16th curt., and the Mid-Argyll are having a chomharra dhuibh-se aig am bheil a’ chanain similar function the same week. mhilis ma tha dhith oirbh aoibh fhaicinn air * * * mo ghnuis-sa. Ach—bhur faicinn slan, beurla The Paisley Highlanders held their first con- ann no as. cert last Saturday in the Good Templars’ Hall, when a large number of supporters attended. The following message, with English transla- The concerts will be held every Saturday tion, was recently forwarded to the Secretary throughout the winter, and Mr John Woodrow for Scotland, who presented the same to His is again President of the Association. Majesty: — Ma thaitneas e ri bhur Morachd Rioghail. A meeting was held recently in the office Tha Luchd Comhairle agus buill A’ here to promote the Magazine Concert. There Ghomuinn Ghaidhealaich a’ tairgse, le h- was a largo and representative attendance, and urram agus gu h-iriosail, do bhur Morachd prices of admission were fixed as follows : — Rioghail an comh-ghairdeachais chridheil Reserved seats, 4s; and unreserved at 2s 6d airson na sithe a thainig mu ’n cuairt an and Is 6d, all including tax. The following deidh crioch • bhuadhmhor a’ Chogaidh sub-committee were appointed to carry out the Mhoir—cogadh anns an do dhearbh Gaidheil arrangements :—Mrs Colquhoun, Messrs Robert na h-Albann a rithist, mar bu dual, gradh- Bain, A. B. Ferguson, Alex. Maclnnes, R. Percy duthcha agus treubhantas oirdheirc air nach Thomson, with the Rev. T. S. MacPherson, con- d’ thug aon am measg chloinn na h- vener, and the Secretary. Impireachd barr. Le dearbhachd mhodhail ar dilseachd The Saturday evening ceilidhs were resumed rioffhail. etc. in the Shepherd’s Hall, Greenock, on 13th ult., We have iust received an acknowledgment from under the chairmanship of Mr Neil MacDer- Mr Munro’s secretary, who says that the Loyal mid, vice-president. Miss Katherine B. Address from the Highland Association on the Cameron, Glasgow, was the principal speaker at occasion of peace has been laid before the King, the first meeting.* * * who was pleased to receive the same very Meetings were held in Glasgow last month of graciously. the Financial, Bursary, and Teachers’ Com- During the Mod the Comunn headquarters mittees of the Argyllshire Education Authority. will be at the Princes Street Station Hotel, Reports were received from the Interim Com- which is very convenient to the Synod and mittees of the County, and Dr. MacDonald, Usher Halls. Mr Robert Munro, Secretary for Director of Studies, gave in his first, which was Scotland, will preside at the Grand Concert, well received and favourably commented upon. and Mrs Munro has very graciously consented Schemes were suggested which will lead, if to present the Shield and Medals to the success- adopted, to economy in Education Administra- ful competitors. tion. * * * The Right Rev. Dom Joseph MacDonald, The Ceilidhs and County Associations in the O.S.B., was last week enthroned as Abbot of the city are getting into order for the winter Benedictine Monastery at Fort-Augustus. He session, and several important meetings are is the second Scottish Abbot of Fort Augustus, already arranged. * * * his predecessor being Sir David Oswald Hunter The Glasgow High School Gaelic Class Blair, who took part in the services. Father Ceilidh open their session with a concert in the MacDonald can claim the distinction of being Christian Institute on Saturday first. The the first Gaelic-speaking Abbot in Scotland syllabus for this year is an attractive one, and since the days of Iona. a prosperous session is anticipated. Niall. AN DEO-GREINE. 11 gabh t’eile,” nach eil sin cho soilleir ris a AN UAIR A BHA GAIDHLIG A1G NA latha ? H EOIN. T.—-’S docha gu bheil thu ceart, tha e gle (By J. G. Mackay, Portree.) choltach ris co dhiu, tha eagal orm nach eil dol as againn bhuaith©—ghabh iad a nis strupag Bha dithis dhaoine a baile araidh, dol dhach- cheart as. Rinn iad a nis treis de chdm];radh aidh a Portrigh, blia ’n latha tetb, ’s an rathad cridheil; bha mac-na-braiche a’ beothachadh cruaidh, bha ’n casan goirt le moran siubhail, ’s an aignidh; ach ma bha iadsan a’ fas sunndach, ’nuair rainig iad Creag a’ Cbait rinn iad suidhe cha bu lugha na sin ’bha ’n surd a bha air an fo sgail na creige a’ leigeil an anail. Bheir sinn smeorach. Dh’ eisd Domhnull tacan, ’san sin Tonnod air an darna fear agus Domhnull air dh’ fhoighnich e de’n fhear eile, gu de do an fhear eil©—bha Tormod a’ giulan searraig bharail a nis air, tha sin miorbhuileach, cha de “ mhac-na-braiche,” air son aobhar sbn- chreidinn sin bho dhuine beo, mur a cluinninn ruicbte ris an ro diiil aca aig an tigh. Bba fhein e. nadur de bbarail aig Domhnull gu de ’bh’aig a T.—Gu de th’ ann mu ta, arsa Tormod neo- chompanach ’na achlais, agus cba cbuireadh e chionntach ? dad de dhorran air ged tliairgeadli e deoch dha, D.—Obh, obh mar tha mi leat, tha e nis na’s agus thoisich e air leigeil air gu’n robh e tuiteam soilleire’s na’s soilleire. ann an neul leis an teas. Rinn Tormod a T.—Gu de tha e ’g radii ma ta? h-uile ni a sinaoinicheadh e chum a bhebth- D.—Eisd ma th, agus innsidh mise dhut, achadh, ach bha Domhnull a sior dhol na bu “ Sguab as e, sguab as e, sguab as e,” mhiosa. Mu dheireadh thubhairt e ris, “ tha T. Cha ’n ’eil teagamh nach e sin a th’ boinneag bheag agam an so de’n stuth laidir a ann, so, so, nach ann oirnn a thainig an druidh- tha mi toirt dhachaidh air son feum sonruichte, eachd.” ’S e bh’ ann ghabh iad a chomhairle, ’s fhearr dhut balgam a ghabhail deth.” Dh’ agus thraigh iad an t-searrag. aontaicb Domhnull ris an so gu toileach. Dh’ Blia iad a nis treis samhach, gach fear trang aidich e gu’n d’rinn e moran feum dha, agus le smuaintean fhein, ach ma bha iadsan samh- chomhairlich e do Thormod beagan a ghabhail ach, sin mar nach robh an smebrach, cha deach- e fhein, “ Gha ’n ’eil math dhomh,” ars esan; aidh e gu glaodhaich gus a nis. Eisd a nis a “ tha e beag na’s leor air son an aobhar air son Dhomhnuill, arsa Tormod, an dean thu mach gu a bheil e.” Bha smeorach a’ ceilearadh gu de tha e ’g radh? Cha ’n ’eil mi ’ga thuigsinn laidir ann am preas os an ceann; bha e cumail idir arsa Domhnull. Cha ’n ’eil, tha mi creid- ciiiil ri chompanach a bha ’na suidhe gu foigh sinn, ach tha mise, agus tha ’n tul fhirinn aige idneach a’ toirt a mach a linn. Dh’ eisd Domh- cuideachd; so agad e, amadain ghoruich, null tacan ris a’ cheol, agus thubhairt e, “0 amadain ghoruich ; a bhladhastair, a bhladh- dhuine, ’s fhada o’n a chuala mi gu’n robh astair, a bhurraidh a bhurraidh.” Tha e Gaidhlig aig na h-eoin, ach cha do chreid mi coltach gu’n do thachair e dhomhsa mar a riamh e gus an so ; an cluinn thu an rud tha an thachair e do Phadruig Caogach agus do’n t-eun sin ag radh 1 ” Phiobaire dhall, ’nuair ’chriochnaich MacAoidh T.—Tha mi cluinntinn an ebin gle mhath, am port a dh’ fhairslich air MacCruimein, ach cha ’n ’eil mi tuigsinn gu de tha e ’g radh. “ Mar tha an sean-fhacal ag radh, chaidh an D.—0, dhuine, nach tii tha maol, tha mise fhoghlum os-ceann Mhic-Cruimeih.” ’ga thuigsinn gun teagamh ’sam bith. T.—Gu de ma ta tha e ’g radh? D.—Innsidh mise sin duit, “ Gabh fhein te, The Small Landholders Act of 1911 is to be gabh fhein te, gabh fhein te,” nach eil thu amended, so as to cheapen and accelerate its fhein a’ tuigsinn sin? procedure, and free it from certain conditions T.—0 dhuine, cha ’n ’eil mi ’g radh nach eil which had hampered its operation in the past, thu ceart, ’s docha nach c6ir cur ’na aghaidh, and had made it so costly in its working as to cha ’n ’eil fios co chuir ’na cheann e. Leis an render its wide application practically prohibi- so, chuir T— an t-searrag ri cheann, agus thug tive. e balagam as. Rinn iad suidhe tacan eile, agus bha ’n smeorach a slor fheadearachd, cho If, Mr Munro said, there was no agree- trang s’ bha'e riamh. ment on the subject of compensation, he D.—0 dhuine an cluinn thu nis e? thought the most appropriate authority to T.—Tha mi ’ga chluinntinn, ach cha dean mi settle the question was the Land Court. The mach gu de tha e ’g radh, de ni thu fhein deth ? idea underlying was that whatever the amount D.—Tha mise ’ga dheanamh a mach cho might be, whether under or over £300, it was furasda ’sa ghabhas e, “ gabh t’eile, gabh t’eile, to be settled by the Land Court. 12 AN DteO-GRElNE!. NOTES AND COMMENTS. CRUINNE-EOLAS: ALBA. Le Daithidh Urchadan, M.A., L.C.P. Over 40,000 allotments have been formed in Scotland during the war, extending to an area of about 2,400 acres. Large farmers, SlUCAR AGUS ToMBACA. however, seem to be doubtful of ultimate suc- Bho shean bha Grianaig a’ deasachadh siiicair, cess. The Secretary for Scotland is of a agus tha Glaschu ag ullachadh tombaca. Tha different opinion, as one may gather from his siiicar agus tombaca air leth ghreidheadh mu’n recent speeches. He considers these allot- tig iad do Alba. ments to be not only valuable as an additional Deoch. source of food supply, but conducive to the Tha uisge-beatha air a dheanamh an Sior- health and enjoyment of those who work them. rachdan Inbhirnis, Bhanbh, Abaireadhain, Rois We agree. It is certainly better than wast- Arcamh agus Earraghaidheal, an He agus san ing evenings in picture houses. Eilein Sgiathanach ; agus tha leann is portair * * * air a dheanamh an Dun-eideann, Glaschu, Lite, In explaining the scope of the new Land Bill Allodha, agus bailtean mu’n cuairt. in Parliament, Mr Munro said he believed that Caib. IX. the allotment movement had come to stay. It Rian-gluasaid. deserves every encouragement. The physical Tha rathadan-iaruinn bho Dheas a’ dol gu and social advantages were obvious. Dun-eideann is Glaschu timchioll bun nan Aonach Deasach agus air comhnardan na h-aird According to the last returns of the Board an Ear, agus, le bhi gabhail fath air glinn is of Agriculture, the total area under grain, green aibhnichean, troimh chridhe nan Aonach fhein. crops, etc., in Scotland was given as 2,100,000 Eadar na bailtean ud tha e soirbh rathadan acres, an increase of 75 per cent, on what was iaruinn a dheanamh air a’ chomhnard. (Gheibh- aimed at in the Board’s programme. The chief ear gu tuath leis an Tuath-rathad Breatunnach increases in acreage were oats, potatoes, and tarsuinn a’ Chaoil Litich agus Abhainn Tatha wheat. The figures of produce were 6,457,000 air drpchaidean aluinne, agus bho Dhim-deagh quarters for oats, or a million more than in air an oirthir reidh gu Abaireadhain. Bho so the previous year; 1,150,000 tons of potatoes, feudaidh neach dol air Mor-Rathad Tuath na h- or 40,000 tons more than the previous year. Alba troimh Eilginn gu Inbhirnis. Tha an * * * Rathad-Albannach a’ ruith bho Shasuinn Under the Smallholdings Colonies Act the suas Gleann Annainn troimh na h-Aonaichean Board of Agriculture for Scotland have power gus a’ Mhachair Mheadhonaich, troimh Pheairt to acquire 20,000 acres of land for the settle- agus Forfar gu Montros agus Abaireadhain. ment of discharged sailors and soldiers, but this Ghabh dealbhadairean an Rathaid Ghaidheal- is far from meeting the necessities of the case. aich suas Gleann Tatha agus Gleanna Garadh * * * agus sios Srath Spe gu Inbhirnis. Bho Inbhirnis tha an Rathad so a’ dol Tuath gu The overcrowding of big cities is a problem Inbhir-uig agus lubhir-Thorsa agus an lar (bho which has to be faced sooner or later. Relief Inbhirpheotharain) gu Caol-Lochaillse. Tba could be obtained by extending the develop- cladh-abhainn a’ snaimeadh lochan a’ Ghliime ment of the allotment system in the vicinity of Mhoir ris a’ Chaol Mhoireach agus an Linne these large industrial* centres.* * Sheilich. Tha fear eile eadar Loch Crionan Villages have always had an attraction for a agus Loch Gilb, freagarrach air son shoithicheaa number of people, and in former generations beaga, agus tha fear bho Chluaidh gus an Caol- were practically self-contained. The steady Liteach de am bheil meur eadar Dun-eideann growth, however, of urban life has drawn the agus an Eaglais Bhreac. people to the cities, and has almost depopu- Tha lochan, aibhnichean agus deagh rathad- lated the Highlands. A return to village life an m6ra mar an ceudna a’ fosgladh, suas na is becoming a necessity, but life in the villages duthcha air dhoigh agus gu bheil cothrom math must be made worth while, so that people may aig sluagh Alba air gluasad mu’n cuairt air be satisfied with the conditions and be induced gnothuch no ag iarraidh toil-inntinn. to remain. The revival of old village life in the Highlands may be called a dream, but it is Caib. X. a delightful dream, and quite practicable. Cein-mhalairt. One would like to live long enough to see its Tha cein-mhalairt an crochadh air barr agus realisation. mthnean agus na h-oibrichean a tha an ceangal AN DEO-GREINE. 13 riu. Feumaidh duthaich eileanach a bhi a’ agus an Fhraing a’ reic tombaca ruinn; ach tha deanamh longan air son a feum fhein agus sinne a’ deanamh a’ chuid mhor de uisge-beatha ’nuair bhios a feuinalachd riaraichte togaidb i an t-saoghail; agus ’sann bhuainn tha duth- soithichean air son feum dhuthchannan eile. A channan Papanach na Roinn Eorpa a’ faighinn bharrachd air longan tha Alba reic guail is moran de’n iasg shaillte tha iad a’ cleachdadh obair-iaruinn ri rioghachdan cein agus tba obair aig a’ Chaisg. mhor ann so aisig thar chuantan. Tha sinn a’ Cha ’n ’eil an so ach aireamh bheag de na tha ceannach moran de’n chotan, de’n chorcach, sinn a’ reic agus a’ ceannach, ach is leoir e gu de’n lion agus de’n iut a tha air fhigheadh ’nar leigeil fhaicinn duinn an luach agus an duthaich. ’S ann a Astrailia, Nuadh Sealand, t-saothair' a tha an ceangal ri ar cein-mhalairt. Airgentina agus Aifrica mu Dheas tha sinn a’ faighinn na cloimhe. Tha Staitean Aonaichte Caib. XI. Aimerica, na h-Innsean an Ear, Aifrica (Tuath Can ain. is Deas), Sina agus lapan a’ cur cotain thugainn. Tha da chainnt air an labhairt an Alba, agus Tha a’ chorcach agus an lion a’ tighinn de Mhor- bhiodh neach buaillteach air smuaineachadh thir na h-Eorpa, agus tha Beangal a’ cumail iut gur e da shluagh a tha anns an duthaich. Aig ruinn. Tha sinn an earbsa ri Sina, Japan, na h- toiseach eachdraidh bha sluagh ’san duthaich ris Innsean an Ear, an Fhraing agus an Eadailt air an canar Cruithnich (Piets), agus a Deas orra son an t-sioda. A chionn nach ’eil feum againn bha na Breatunnaich (’sann dhiubh so tha na ach air earrainn bhig de’n aodach a tha sinn a’ Cuimrich). ’San aird an Ear, an Lodainn, bha deanamh dhiubh sud tha sinn a’ reic a’ chorr ri daoine de an aon seorsa ris na Sasunnaich duthchanan eile, mbran ris an fheadhainn bho’n (theireadh iad Angli riu fhein). Tha sgoileir- do cheannaich sinn an stuth an toiseach. Tha ean a’ creidsinn gu’m bu Cheiltich agus gu’n sinn a’ deanamh buannachd anns a’ cheud chean- robh a’ chainnt aca coltach ri Cuimris. Mu nach, anns a’ ghiiilan dhachaidh, anns an 500 a.d. thainig na Scotaich a ceann Tuath oibreachadh, anns a’ ghiulan thairis agus anns Eirinn agus sgaoil iad bho Mhaoil Chinntire gu an ath-reic. Loch Bhraoin. B’ iad so luchd-bruidhinn na Tha cein-mhalairt neo-mheasarra an ceangal Gaidhlig. Bha na Cruithnich agus na Scotaich ri biadh. A chionn gu bheil cruithneachd a’ ri cogadh gu 844 a.d. ’nuair thug Coinneach fas anns gach earrainn de’n talamh, tha foghar- MacAlpain, righ nan Scotach, buaidh air na cruithneachd an ait air chor-eiginn aig gach am Cruithnich, agus righich e thairis air an da de’n bhliadhna, agus tha mar sin cruithneachd shluagh. Thug a’ Ghaidhlig buaidh air cainnt agus grain eile a’ sior shruthadh do Alba a nan cruithneach agus chailleadh an cainnt. Canada, Aimerica (Tuath is Deas), an Eiphit, na Thug cainnt nan Sasunnach buaidh mar an h-Innsean an Ear, Astrailia, Ruisia agus aitean ceudna air a’ chanain Bhreatunnach. eile. Ghlac na Lochlainnich Eileanan Alba bho 800 Tha tea air a cur a Sina, na h-Innsean agus gu 1200 a.d. agus shuidhich iad annta agus air aitean eile an Aisia ; coffee a Araibia, Brasil agus cladaichean tir-mor, air chor is gu bheil moran na h-Innsean; smear a Aimerica, na h-Innsean de fhuil Lochlainnich an sluagh na h-Alba. agus an Roinn-Eorpa; coirc-innseanach a Faodar a radh gu bheil Gaidheil an.la’n Aimerica agus Riimainia, rus as na h-Innsean diugh air an deanamh suas de Cruithnich, agus Sina. Scotaich, Lochlainnich, agus beagan Shasun- Tha ruma a’ tighinn ’a lamaica ; fion, brannd- nach is Normanach, agus gur e th’anns na Goill aidh, oir-mheas agus measan eile as an Fhraing, measgadh de Shasunnaich, Bhreatunnaich, Loch- an Spainnd, Portugal, an Eadailt, a’ Ghreig, lainnich, Chruithnich agus de Scotaich; agus agus cladaichean na Mara Meadhonaich air fad ; cha ’n ’eil teagamh nach ann bho an mheasgadh ubhlan, bradain, bein, agus fiodh a Canada, so a thainig iomadh de na buadhan as fhearr a Sibiria, Lochlainn, or agus airgiod a Aimerica, bhuineas do shluagh na h-Alba. Astrailia, Aifrica agus Asia; staoin a eileanan na h-aird an Ear agus copar a Canada. Tha sinn a’ ceannach bhrat bho Phersia, According to the Public Press, each meeting Araibia, agus Caismir, itean agus clachan of the Argyllshire Education Authority is to luachmhor a Aifrica. cost £100. The means of communication in Tha cluaintean mora Astrailia, Airgentina a county cut up by arms of the sea, and with so agus Nuadh Sealand a’ cumail mairt-fheoil agus many islands, are difficult to arrange. muilt-fheoil ruinn ; agus tha sinn a’ faighinn TWEED S.—Guaranteed Genuine by An muic-fheoil a Aimerica agus an Roinn Eorpa; Comunn Gaidhealach—sold by R. G. Lawrib, uibhean, im agus caise as an Olaind agus Dan- 60 Renfield Street, and Messrs J. G. Malcolm marc. & Bingham, 1 Charing Cross, nfxt Grand Tha Aimerica (Deas), an Eiphit, an Tuirc Hotel, Glasgow. Suits and Costumes made, 14 AN DEO-GREINE. RECONSTRUCTION AND LAND. “ Horo ! mo bhandia bhoidheach, A mheadhlach bhandia bhoidheach, You can scarcely come across any newspaper Meadhlach bhandia bhoidheach, of repute which does not give a good deal of Cba phos aon ach thu 1” space now and again to Reconstruction—that The Editor of the Guth at once saw “ Mairi wonderful text which supplies us with so many Bhoidheach” disguised as above, and referred homilies. We have been told that the new his contributor to A’ Ghdisir Chiuil,, where world would bring about a radical change, not pretty Mary can be seen clothed in her right onlv in domestic politics, but also in internar mind. Notwithstanding this amusing attempt, tional affairs. Speeches innumerable have however, let Mr. Jones persevere, and he will been delivered on the subject, yet somehow we get more light. Many, very many of us would seem to be getting “ no forarder.” No doubt be equally amusing if we attempted to tackle the problem is a tough one, but as yet we have only words. What do you read, my lord 1 says Welsh. Polonius to Hamlet. Words, words, words, answers the Prince. Is there not too much REVIEW. talk and too little action? The reconstruc- tion which is nearest our heart is in regard to the settlement of the people upon the land, and GUTH NA BLIADHNA. Maclaren & Sons, seeing to it that life shall be bearable to them. Argyll Street, Glasgow. Is 6d. The debt which the nation has acknowledged to The Autumn number of “ Guth na be due to ex-service men has not yet been dis- itsBliadhna readers. ” furnishesAll the good articles and arespicy in fareGaelic, for charged. While the war was at its height, we and are of varied interest. The Rev. Neil were all ready to do anything for returned Ross writes on Misneachd ri Uchd Amhghair soldiers, but now that peace is obtained, and in a flowing idiomatic style, as might be that we are not trembling with the dread of a Johnexpected MacCormick from such is nota practised a whit behindwriter. in Mr.his German invasion, we are more concerned with article on Mull. Mr MacCormick’s reputation other things than our obligations to the men as a Gaelic writer has been established for many who have saved us. According to reports men years now, and criticism on his work is super- are crying for land on which they can settle, pen.fluous. InLong this may number he live we to misswield the such swinging a facile or houses under which they can lay their heads, style and penetrating thoughts of A. M. E. — only to find that the old difficulties stand in always so well informed. The article on the way. And this is the reward of patriot- “ Ireland and England” is written in Irish ism ! Of course, things cannot be settled in Gaelic, and contains “ words of learned length a month, but one would like to see evidence of and“ Ana-dhiplomatuithe thundering sound.” ” andTake, “ pholaiticeori.” for example, more progress, and signs of greater activity in This beats German in word-building. Surely discharging a national obligation. theseIreland to expresscan manufacture the meaning. better If not,words we thanshall Englishsoon have at whicha cothlamadh John Bull oif willIrish laugh. Gaelic Other and “MO BHANDA BHOIDHEACH.” articles such as An Saoghal Ur, An t-Impireas Eire,Breatannach, Albainn agusBeagan Lloyd Smuaintean George contain air Albainn, a good Could any of your readers guess that this is deal of sound reflections. Leanmhuinn Ho-ro mo nigh’n donn bhoidheach in her Chriosda is a good example of idiomatic Gaelic, native dress ? The Editor of Guth na Bliadhna and its tone, otherwise, will appeal to many says in the Autumn number that a Welsh (wereaders. don’t likeIt theis word)when Nanwe turnRaithean to Analaidhean that we find gentleman wrote him sa,ying that one of his the writer with his rapier bare. Mr Lloyd friends learned the song thirty years ago from George gets a thrust quarterly, and he still lives. a horse dealer who was travelling through All the same, these annals are usually the most Wales and buying horses. He wrote down the resultinteresting of the pages war is,in accordingthe “ Guth.” to the writer,The chief the words according to the pronunciation of the increcse of capitalistic power. The sins of the horse dealer as follows : — capitalists are duly noted. The theory of A roma linda voyach, and“ direct the actiontricks ”of is the also profiteers. dealt with, soDealing is class withwar A fulach inda voyach, Cairdean Sleamhuinn, Dr Murray, the mem- Maalach inda voyach, ber for the Western Isles, along with Mr J. G. A fos hena hu. lateMackay, Mr KeirPortree, Hardie falls isunder held theup lash,as the while “ Fab- the He thinks, however, that the following is the ricius.” of his day, who could not be bought or correct form in Gaelic, and he is anxious 10 cajoled by the English nobility, though a poor know where to get the rest: man.British ParliamentWhether there who wastried ahis Pyrrhus hand onin brib- the AN DEO-GREINE. 15 ing Mr Keir Hardie, or a Walpole, who believed NOTICE. thatknow. “ everyBut itman looks had as hisif allprice,” Scotch we members, do not who do not see through the spectacles of “ Guth All literary contributions, accompanied by the na Bliadhna,” must be held as suspect. It is a name and address of the writer, should be addressed melancholypilloried because conclusion. he said atMr a J.meeting G. Mackay in Edin- is to Mr. Donald Macphie, § Victoria Terrace, burgh, “ I am as good a Radical as any, and I Dullatur, and should reach him not later than noam doubtsitting Mr here Mackay beside andLord Dr Lovat.” Murray areWe quitehave the 15th of each month. able to defend themselves if they choose. Communications regarding the Sale of the Maga- “ Seumas MacRoibeirt” contributes credit- zine, Annual Subscriptions, and Advertisements, able verses on “ Mo Ghaol air a’ Mharachd.” So should be addressed to Mr. Neil Shaw, does Calum MacRath on “An t-Eilean Secretary, 108 Hope St., Glasgow. A Scale of inSgitheanach.” verse making, Both and writersseek to should produce persevere some- Charges for Advertisements will be sent on abilitying outside is there. the beaten track. We think the application. 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Arthur Morgan, Esq., Edinburgh, ... 0 7 6 INVERNESS: James Craig, Esq., Edinburgh, ... 0 5 0 “NORTHERN CHRONICLE” OFFICE, And Booksellers. 16 AN DEO-GREINE. The Shop for Gaelic Books. Gaelic Self-Taught. An Introduction to GaelicPrice Postage ciationfor Beginners, invaluable with to anLearners, imitated complete, pronun- 1 /6 2d An Rosarnach,Gaelic authors, a galaxy 2 volumes of the ready, best moderneach 10/- 6d TheBardaeh Wizard’s Leodhais. Gillie, Lewis with Bards, Gaelic now and ready, English 6/- 6d Fionnopposite ann an pages,Tigh a’ Bhlair Bhuidhe. A Tale,2 3d/6 4did Reid’sHandbook New for Elementary Speakers atCourse Gaelic of Meetings,Gaelic, -1/-- 3d id3d RosgReiteach Gaidhlig. Moraig. 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CelticMinstrelsy Lyre, of Gael, the Highlands,and Eng:, sol-faGaelic and & Eng staff, , 3/64/- 3d6d HUGH MACKAY, Proprietor. GaelicGaelicBibles Songs, and little Testaments volume in at tartan all prices,- silk, - 1/6 IJd Na Stad gus an ruig thu so. All Post Orders must include tuff dent for Postage. ALEX. MACLAREN &! SONS, 360 and 362 Argyle Street, GLASGOW GRAND HOTEL, Glasgow First Class Residential Hotel. WE SPECIALISE IN Unequalled accommodation for Balls, Banquets, HAND-WOVEN TWEEDS, Receptions Weddings, etc. Reception Rooms REAL HARRIS, ST. KILDA, WEST and Grand Hall entirely Re decorated and Floor HIGHLAND, ETC. Renewed. SPECIAL TERMS FOR BOARDERS. LADIES’ AND GENTLEMEN’S BED, BREAKFAST AND BATH. 6/6 COSTUMES, SUITS, Afternoon Tea in Lounge a Speciality. IN THESE FABRICS ARE ALWAYS FASHIONABLE, AND GIVE THE W. TAYLOR & CO., MAXIMUM OF WEAR. LADIES’ TAILORS, FURRIERS, Patterns Free in all New Shades. :: :: AND HABIT MAKERS, :: :: 176 Bath Street, Glasgow. J. G. MALCOLM & BINGHAM,NE AND Phone—579 Douglas. G. SINCLAIR, Proprietor. CHARING CROSS ( ^S ) GLASGOW. Elementary Course of Gaelic Re-ArrangedBy DUNCAN and REID,Enlarged (Gaelic Master,By NORMAN The Glasgow MACLEOD High School). Price Is. Postage 3d. extra. Publishedin bySchools An Comunn and Gaelic Gaidhealach Classes. for use AN DEO-GR.EINE Leabhar XV.] Ceud Mios a Gheamhhraidh, igig. [Earrann 2. agus bha daoine air an trom luasgadh leis na CLAR-INNSIDH. bha tachairt air chor agus nach b’e greadh- nachas Moid a bha air an aire am feadh’s a bha TheAm M6d,M6dl, - - 17 a mic ’s an daimhich a’ togail orra gu raon a’ Official Opening, 18 chatha, no gu cunnartan mara, far an do dh’ President’s Address, 19 iobair moran diu am beatha air sgath na Lord Provost’s Welcome, - - duthcha d’am buineadh iad. Air an aobhar sin AnGaelic Enjoyable Oration, Ceilidh, 21 co smaoinicheadh air Mod is fiiirain na Gaidh- Second Day, 2323 caltachd a’ dol a dhith air muir ’s air tir, agus an Annual Meeting, 24 fheadhainn a dh’ fhagadh aig an tigh fo ullach a Prize List, - - - - bhriste-cridhe. Tha an cath a nis seachad, tha An Comunn’s New President (with Portrait), na fiiirain aig fois ’na leapaichean buana, gus The Secretary’s Page, - . - . . 30 an tig an La. Ach cha searg cuimhne orra. AM MOD. Ma bha Mod na bliadhna seo air deireadh air Mhill aimhreit luchd-oibreach nan rathaidean Moid eile a thaobh na h-aireamh a bha ’n iaruinn Mod na bliadhna seo ann an tombas. lathair, cha robh e dad air deireadh an dbigh- A reir cuid cba robh e gu bhi ann idir, a reir ealachd eile. Fo laimh an Runaire bha gach cuid eile, bha. Am beachd nam paipeirean nl a’ dol an eagaibh a cheile, air chor agus gu ’n naigheachd, rinn an Comunn Gaidhealach suas do chriochnaich gach ni gu reidh air feasgar an inntinn gu ’m bu choir dail a chur ann. Di--haoine le cuirm chiuil a b’ fhiach eisdeachd Cha robh ughdarras aca seo a radh, ach is rithe. Bha ’n talla lan, ’s bha ’n ceol milis. cinnteach na’n robh an aimhreit air mairsinn Air mo shon fhln dheth chuir am fuachd an beagan na b’fhaide nach robh dol as ann ach teicheadh orm dhachadh. Cha ’n ann a’ sin a dheanamh. An uair a thainig comh- gearain a tha mi, ach droch fas air fuachd Dhun- chordadh, bha an rathad reidh, co-dhiiibh do’n eidinn. Maduinn Dior-daoin cha robh moran mhuinntir a b’ fhaisge air Dun-eideann, ach a ri fhaicinn anns an talla mhor fharsuing saor 0 thaobh an dream a b’ fhaide air falbh mu na comh-fharpuisichean a bha ’dol mu ’n cuairt thuath, bha an inntinn air a dheanamh suas an sud’s an so a’ feitheamh ri am na deuchainn. cheana gu fanadh iad air taobh an fhasgaidh Bha each a’ gabhail ceum troimh na tranns- de’n chunnart—b’e sin fuireach aig an tigh. achan air an socair mar gu ’n robh iad air an Ach cha robh an aireamh a chruinnich aig Mod aineol—rud a bha. Cha b’e fear le colainn na bliadhna seo cho tearc’s a shaoileamaid. bhreoite a dh’ fhuilingeadh nimh na gaoithe an * * * ear air a bheil Dun-eideann cho ainmeil. Ach Tha sia bliadhna an fhoghair ’sa chaidh, o’n fuachd ann no as bha caileagan oga ’nan bha am Mod mu dheireadh cruinn an Dundeagh, cabhaig sios is suas le fiamh a’ ghaire air an agus bu chiatach an cruinneachadh esan. gniiisean boidheach. Co-dhiubh a choisneadh Bhris an Cogadh Mor a mach an ath bhliadhna, iad duais no nach coisneadh rinn iad suas an 18 AN DEO-GREINE. iimthin gu ’m biodh am cridheil aca; agus c’arson nach bitheadh. Cha ’n ann a h-uile la THE MOD. a bfrios Mod aig Mac an Tbisich. The twenty-third Mod of An Comunn was held on the 9th and 10th of October in the Ged naeh robh an comh-thional ach beag aig Synod Hall, Edinburgh. For obvious reasons, tiis na coinneiriih, bha an aireamh a’ dol na bii the syllabus had to be drawn up on a smaller libnrnhoire mar a bha ’n latlia ’dol seachad, gus scale this time. The chief factor was the war. mu dlia uair'an deidh meadhon la bha an talla The Comunn decided in 1914 that it would be inof gu math lan a’ feitheanih ri fosgladh inadvisable to call people to a Mod at a time dreuehdail a’ Mhbid, agus air oraidean bho- when their minds were so much preoccupied Cheann-suidhe a’ Chomuinn, agus bho Ard with events that meant grief in many a house- Riaghladair a’ bhaile, an Ridir lain Lathurna hold. Though less ambitious in its pro- Macleoid. Faodar a radh an . seo—agus b’e gramme this year, the Edinburgh Mod was beachd gach neach air na thachair mi—gu ’n quite successful, notwithstanding a certain do choimh-lion Mgr. Calum Maclebid, ar ceann amount of disorganisation caused by the Rail- suidhe, a dhleasahas air gach dbigh gu h-uasal, way Strike. Further, hotel accommodation in agus gu foghainteach. Rinn an Ridir Iain fein Edinburgh was not easy to secure, so that, tak- aithnichte do na bha ’s an . ei.sdeachd a ing all the factors working against us, the won- dlulseachd do’n Ghaidhealtachd, agus do ’n der is that the gathering was so distinctly suc- fhine o’n ghineadh e. cessful. It show's that the old spirit is still very much alive. It also proves the popu- larity of the annual Mod. The want of a Mod, A reir barail nam breitheamhan rinn na now, would be an unpleasant blank in the Celtic comh-fharpuisichean gu math, gu h-araidh life of Scotland. Indeed, we have it on good luchd a’ chiiiil. Ged nach robh iad iomlan’ authority that even so-called Lowlanders are arms gach ni—cb againn a bhiodh an duil ris— shovdng increased interest in it. No doubt the fhuair roinn diii moladh sbnraichte on Ollamh musical side of it is the attraction. The Bantock, agus an neach do ’n luthaig esan quality of the music is undoubtedly improving moladh faodar a bhi cinnteach gu bheil -e as the years pass, and will, we may hope, con- toillteanach air moladh. tinue to do so. It is becoming a national con- cern for Scotland, and it is good for people to Cha ’n urrairm mi crioch a chur air na keep alive the language and music of their beachdan athghearr seo gun fhacal no dha a ancestors. Race feeling and nationality must chur sios mu ’n chleas-chluiche a chaidh a be recognised in the new order of things, how- dheilbh le ball de Cheilidh nan Gaidheal an ever keen the unbelievers may be for suppres- Glascho, Mgr. Gilleasbuig MacCullaich—“Domh- sion. Celtic peoples, with their splendid past, null ’s an tombaca.” Is aim air oidhche Dior- can scarcely allow' their destiny to be guided by daoin a thugadh seachad e agus bha ’n talla those who ignore race feeling. As we quoted lan. Cha do cheadaich an t-iighdar, an comh- in our last issue, “ there is no such tiling as arradh no an sanas a bu lugha de bheus reducing men and nations to a common de- amharusach, aite fhaotainn ’na obair, is cha nominator.” " Diversity in Unity ” is a safe deach e lend na liidaig thar a rim. Bha na enough principle in the life of any nation. h-uile ni glan neo-choireach agus abhachdach, saor o’n t-salachar a ghebihear gu trie ’na leithid OFFICIAL OPENINO. aims na bailtean mbra. Gum a fada a runaicheas Gaidheil slighe cho glan. Bha an At the official opening on Thursday Lord Pro- vost Sir John Lome Macleod, on behalf of the luchd eisdeachd rianail is stblda nan giiilan, Corporation and City, extended a welcome to ged blra iad air chrith le gaireachdaich. Rinn the Comunn Gaidhealach. Among those on an fheadhainn a ghabh pairt arms a’ chluich gu the platform were the Earl of Cassilis, Lady fior mhath gu h-araidh Domhnull fein agus a Helen Tod, Mrs. Burnley Campbell of Onnidale, bhean. Miss Farquharson of Invercauld, Miss Juliet Macdonald, Lochaber, Mrs. Watson and Pro- TWEED S.—Guaranteed Genuine by An fessor Watson, Sheriff MacMaster Campbell and Cpmunn Gaidhealach—sold by R. G. Lawrie, Mrs. Campbell, the Very Rev. Dr. Russell, Rev. 60 Renfield Street, and Messrs J. G. Malcolm G. W. MacKay (Killin), Rev. Dr. MacLennan, & Bingham, 1 Charing Cross, next Grand Rev. Neil Ross, Mr. David MacRitchie, F.S.A., Hotel, Glasgow. Suits and Costumes made. and several others well known in Celtic circles. AN DEO-GREINE. 19 it has been in connection with the important PRESIDENT’S ADDRESS, subject of instruction in Gaelic in schools that our best bit of work has bebn done. While It is an unfeigned joy to us all that wu are at the great world cantpaign was being fought we last in' a position to resume our annual Mod. were conducting to a successful issue a cam- The last occasion on which it was held was at paign of our own, a campaign against popular Dundee in 1918 ; before the next was due the indifference and official inaction in regard to Great European. War had broken out, and it the claims of our much-loved language. The was very wisely resolved to suspend the meet- details of that campaign are too fresli in your ings of the Mod until the return of peace. memory to make it necessary for me to dwell None of us at that time imagined that five long upon them. It is sufficient for me to remind and woeful years were to elapse before that con- you that its objective was handsomely won. dition .should be fulfilled; but we are pro- We gained what we sought, what we and those foundly thankful that the time has at length who have preceded us have been striving to arrived when it is possible for us to resume our obtain for nearly half-a-century, viz. : the interrupted activities. embodiment in an Act of Parliament of the I need hardly say that we have acutely principle that instruction in Gaelic must be missed the Mod gatherings during these years. provided in all schools in Gaelic-speaking areas. We have missed them not only because of the For the first time the claim of the native lan- genuine and unalloyed pleasure we derive from guage to its rightful place in the curriculum of them, but because of the inevitably detrimental these schools has been recognised by the legis- effect which their suspension has had upon our lature, and our success in winning this recogni- work as an Association. Apart altogether tion for it is one on which we have every reason from the main purpose of the Mod, which is to to congratulate ourselves. It was worth while encourage the cultivation of our Gaelic litera- bringing An Comunn into existence were it for ture and music, it provides those who attend its nothing else than for this bit of work alone. I sessions with an entertainment of entrancing wish here and now, in your name, to express interest, gives them opportunities of intercourse our deep sense of indebtedness to our distin- with like-minded comrades from far and near, guished fellow-countryman, the Secretary for and imparts a stimulus to the work of An Scotland, without whose sympathy and good- Gomunn which is felt throughout the succeed- will we could not have secured this boon. We ing twelve months. It is both the root and had hoped that to-morrow evening we should the flower of much of our work. But we were have the pleasure of expressing our gratitude carrying too heavy a burden of anxiety and to him face to face, but the unfortunate sorrow during these years to permit of our accident which befel him last week, and which engaging in the proceedings of the Mod with prevents his travelling North, deprives us of that lightness of heart and absence from pre- that pleasure. We are glad to know that he occupation which are required for their full is making a satisfactory recovery from nis enjoyment. Much of the sorrow remains, it is injuries, and we wish him quick and complete true, deep-planted in innumerable hearts, but restoration to his usual health. I desire also the anxiety and uncertainty have been removed, to acknowledge in the most cordial fashion die the danger has passed, and we can now apply splendidly effective assistance given by the ourselves to the ordinary pursuits of peace. three great Presbyterian Churches of Scotland We pay our tribute of grateful admiration to in the movement which had so happy a termina- the memory of those of our countrymen who tion. fell in the great struggle, while wTe cordially The value of the provision for Gaelic teach- welcome back their gallant comrades-imarms ing made in the new Education Act will depend who have been fortunate enough to survive the on the spirit in which it is operated, and the hardships and hazards of the strife. duty rests upon the people of the Highlands The years since we last held our Mod have and upon us of making sure that the new enact- not been altogether barren. Many of our ment is generously interpreted and effectively operations were necessarily discontinued, but applied. It is but fair to admit that so far much work of first-rate value was accomplished. there has been no visible indication that the Our Publications Committee has been particu- new Education Authorities are unwilling to larly active, and has been responsible for two fulfil loyally the responsibility which m this valuable Gaelic text-books, “ Rosg Gaidhlig ” connection has been placed upon them. In and “ Bardachd Gaidhlig,” compiled by onr future the conditions will be such that it will good friend, Professor Watson. It has also in be easier in many ways for the new Authorities preparation under the same competent super- to carry out their obligations in this respect vision a series of elementary school books. But than it was for the Boards they superseded. AN DEO-GREINE. Hitherto the difficulty has been to attract considerable population may in a very few Gaelic-speaking teachers to the Highlands and years be trebled or quadrupled. Is that popu- retain them there in view of the superior condi- lation to be a bi-lingual one, or is it to furnish toins offered them in the South. The best of a further illustration of the withering effect of our native-born Gaelic-speaking teachers, we town life upon the native language? What is were told, sought and obtained employment expected to happen in Stornoway will no doubt outwith the Highlands, with the result, as it occur in varying degrees elsewhere as the result was represented to us, that there was a serious of the establishment of new industries, and it scarcity of teachers throughout the Highlands seems to me that these are the centres to which competent to teach the native language. No our Propaganda Committee must give very doubt, to some extent, that was true, and is true special attention in the immediate future. Our still, but the causes which produced this business should be, so far as it is possible for us, shortage are about to be in large measure to prevent the ideal of the new Highlands removed, and there will not in future be the becoming one of mere material improvement. same temptation to Gaelic-speaking teachers to With the desire for such improvement we are transfer their services to districts in which their in cordial sympathy, of the necessity for it we bi-lingualism cannot be utilised. The dis- are fully convinced, but we are desirous of see- parity between town and country salaries, ing it accompanied by a quickening of our between Highland and Lowland salaries, is to racial spirit manifesting itself in the resolve to be largely removed, a national scale of mini- cherish and to cultivate all that is worthiest in mum salaries has been introduced, and in future our native traditions and gifts. It is our the payment of teachers will be approximately business as a body that exists for promoting the uniform throughout the country. Further, in interests of the Gaelic language, literature, the larger areas now administered by educa- poetry, and music, to- proclaim the essential tional Authorities, it will be easier to place worth of these native possessions of ours, and to Gaelic-speaking teachers in the schools in which foster a becoming pride in them. We wish to their services are needed. preserve our individuality as a people, and I am There is one important matter in which the convinced we cannot possibly do so if we Association must directly and seriously interest neglect our language heritage. Our language itself. I refer to the absolute need of teachers is the link that binds us to the generations of capable of giving instruction in Gaelic. Unless our people that have gone before; it is the sign these are provided, and unless Highland candi- that marks us off as a people, and to neglect it dates for admission to the teaching profession is to take the quickest and surest path to our are taught to regard it as a patriotic duty to fit disappearance as a separate entity in the themselves for the work of Gaelic teaching, the national life. It goes without saying that we concession we have won after so many years of are proud of our birthright as Britons, proud arduous effort will be of little practical use. of our share in the Empire our countrymen We are looking forward hopefully, notwith- have done so much to win and consolidate ; but standing disappointing delays, to the recon- I take it that the whole meaning of our exist- struction and re-settlement of the Highlands. ence and of our work as an Association is that There are schemes in plenty, designed to serve our separate identity as Highlanders is a thing these ends, but their fulfilment tarries. Doubt- we supremely value and are bent upon perpetu- less there are difficulties in the way, but we ating. In my view we shall not preserve it as believe these will be overcome. The High- it ought and can be preserved if we allow our lander is too valuable a national asset to be language to be completely overcome by its neglected, the loyalty, the devotion, the great and powerful English rival. Our ideal courage and fortitude of our people, of which for the Highlands is that these two should grow these recent testing years have furnished such and flourish side by side. shining examples, deserve and must obtain more than mere verbal acknowledgment. And In an article which I read the other day in if all that we hope for is accomplished, if the one of the most influential of our Highland Highlands are to be peopled by their own sons newspapers, the following words occurred: — and daughters, living in conditions of security We are now living in a new world, and and comfort, what is to be the position of the must adjust ourselves to our new environ- native language in the new order? Is the ment. It is therefore obvious that we must increase of population which is anticipated to throw overboard tradition, sentiment, and mean an increase of Gaelic speakers? If we custom, however sacred and hallowed these take, for example, . my own native town of may be by age and usage, if they are going to Stornoway, which is said to be about to undergo obstruct and hinder us in the race of life. an expansion hitherto undreamed of, its already That is a doctrine of which we may hear much AN DEO-GREINE. 21 in the days to come, and it is one against the exist in anything like an exclusive spirit. It influence of which we must be on our guard. did not profess that all the virtues of this coun- It is dangerous because of the element of try were contained among its people, but the truth it contains. We do not want to cling to Celtic people as a race did claim to have made anything which- is going to interfere with the a substantial contribution to the cause of Highlander’s success in life, and we believe that civilisation and progress in this country in the success in the race of life is fully compatible past, and they hoped to make a contribu- with the retention of all that is worthiest in our tion of the same kind in the future. In sentiments,. customs, and traditions. If what these days when materialism was so rampant, is meant is that we should be ready to avail it seemed to him to be highly desirable that the ourselves of the improved facilities which idealism and the elevation of the Celtic people, modem civilisation provides for adding to the which were admitted on all hands by scholars, comfort and ease of living we heartily agree, students, and investigators of the most but if it means that there must be a sharp detached and unprejudiced kind, should be break with the past with all its associations, emphasised and enforced, and that the Associa- concentration upon the attainment of merely tion should preach the gospel of higher things material standards of success and the suppres- than material progress and prosperity, valuable tion of our inherited sentiments and ideals; if and important as they recognised these to be. it means that our aim should be in all things He would dare to say to the Association that in to conform to the conditions which prevail in the function of preserving the literature, the the more complex and artfiicial civilisation art, the music which were special characteristics which obtains in other parts, we should be of the Celtic people and the Highland race, they doing foolishly if we acted upon any such were contributing a valuable, important, and advice. We may have to give up some prac- educative influence in the general community. tices and some prejudices, and to modify our Happily, many of the misunderstandings of the views in many ways, but we must beware lest Highland people on the part of their Lowland in making these surrenders we go too far and brethren had been blotted out and removed, give up those things that constitute our and they were part of the general community. separate individuality. The Highlander is But, scattered though the Highland race might more than a Scotsman who happens to live be in this country and in every quarter of the north of a certain line; he has a language of his world, so long as Ben Cruachan rose among the own, a history of his own, a literature of his mists, the Celtic race would be maintained and own, and traditions of his own, on which he may preserved, and with its music, its literature, its honestly pride himself, and which he ought to art, its haunting melodies, its piety, and its cherish. He will win nothing, but lose much, religion, the Highland race and Celtic people by sacrificing his interest in and attachment to would always remain a valuable and important these for the sake of any ideal of national influence in the general community. uniformity, or in order to gain from their aban- On the motion of the President, a vote of donment some imaginary advantage in the race thanks rvas accorded to the Lord Provost. of life. . Success in the race of life will be too dearly bought by giving up for it the life of our race. It is to preserve that life, to foster the things that are essential to its continued exist- GAELIC ORATION. ence, that our work as an Association is The Gaelic Oration is one of the features of directed. the opening ceremony. It was delivered by the President, who spoke as follows :— LORD PROVOST’S WELCOME. Tha cuirm A’ Chomuinn Ghaidhealaich air a sgaoileadh aon uair eile, agus tha na treubhan, The Lord Provost, who had a cordial recep- a rithist, air tighinn a nios gu priomh bhaile tion when he rose to extend an official welcome na diithcha gu bin a’ cumail na feisde. Is ann to the Association, said it was not inappropriate le cridheachan taingeil is mithich dhuinn a bin —indeed it was highly significant—that they a’ gabliail seilbh air a’ chothrom so. An uair should meet in the capital of a country which a dh’ amhairceas sinn air ais air a’ chunnart a was unified by a Celtic King, Malcolm Can- bha bagradh oirnn anns na bliadhnachan more, a speaker of the Gaelic language, who dorcha agus craiteach bho ’n a choinnich sinn first used Edinburgh Castle as a Royal resi- aig Mod roimhe thigeadh e dhuinn a bhi a’ dence. The President had laid down very toirt buidheachais do ’n Fhreasdal airson an clearly and moderately the purposes and fhuasglaidh agus an tearuinteachd a chaidh a function of the Association, which did not bhuileachadh oirnn. Chaidh luach mbr a AN DEO-G HEINE. phaigheadh airson ar saorsa agus b’ ole an Cha ’n ’eil Gaidheal an diugh a dh’aicheadhas a airidh gu’n leigeadh sinn gu brath air di- dhuthaich. Chaidh ioma rud a leigeil gu lar chuinihne na laoich a choisinn dhuinn an t>slth an lorg a’ chogaidh, ioma rud ainnleil agus, a agus an t-sabhailteaclid a tlia sinn a nis a’ reir coltais, cumhachdach agus maireaimach, mealtuinn. ach tha aon ni air nach d’thaiuig lughdachadh Is iolnadli tonn a blmail air creig agus is no doillearachadh agus is e sin spiorad agus eliii ionla ceann a cliaidh an currachd bho shia ghillean an fheilidh. Cha chleith ueach sam bliadhna an aina so ’liuair a bba Mod mu bith a. Ghaidhlig anns an latha so. Is ann a dheireadh againn. Am measg an aireamh tha fannad aig an fheadhain aig nach ’eil i ris mlioir a leig sios am beatha arms a’ chomh-stri an fheadhain aig am bheil. Tha meas air fbuilticb a lean cho fada acbT a tlia nis seaebad, luchd bmidhinn na Gaidhlig nach robh riamh bhuineadh e dhuinn aig an am so a bin a’ orra roimhe so. Tha urram ’ga chur air a’ euimhneaehadh gu sonraichte na buill de’n Ghaidhlig mar chainnt nan gaisgeach a thug Chomunn a thuit amis a’ chath. Tha sinn barr air an companaich gu leir anns na blaraibh ’gan ionndrain agus ’gan caoidh, ach tha e ’na fuilteach a chaidh a chur air muir agus air tir aobhar uaill ’dhuinn gu’n do nochd siad iad re am a’ chogaidh. Is coir dhuinn mar fein—’nan cruadal, ’nan gaisge, ’nan dilseachd Chomunn a bhi a’ deanamh oidheirp shon- eadhoin gu bas—airidh air na daoine bho’n raichte a bhi a’ cur gu buil an comh-fhaireachd- d’thainig iad. ain blath, am baigh agus an cairdeas a tha ar canain a’ mealtuinn air gach taobh, agus a bhi “ An cirl cha d’thug iad riamh fi namh ag urachadh ar n-oidhirpean gu bhi ’ga cur air No tair do’n tir bu mhiann leo.” bonn daingean anus na h-ionadan aims am bheil Tha sinn a nis arm an suidheachadh anns am e nadurrach dhi a bhi cinneachadh, ’se sin aim blieil e comasach dhuinn a bhi ag ath- am bailteau ar gleanntan agus ann an Eileanan thbiseachadh an obair a b’fheudar dhuinn a na Gaidhealtachd. Ma theid i as anns a’ leigeil dhinn aim an tomhas ann an am a’ Ghaidhealtachd theid i as gu buileach. chogaidh. Cha ’n e gu robh sinn diomhain ach Tha siiil gu h-aithghear ri atharaichean mora gu robh e eu-comasach dhuiun giulan air ann ah cor an t-sluaigh. Tha leasachadh adhart mar bu mhaith leinn na ruintean air an suidhichean air a ghealltuinn dhuinn a bheir rohh sinn suidhichte. Is e ar dleasdanas agus sonas agus pailteas ’na chois agus a chuireas ar sochair a nis a bhi a’ cur ar neart as ur ann as do theanntachd, do bhochdain agus -do an obair a’ Chomuinn ma ’s e gu bheil sinn a’ mhi-thoileachas. Tha sinn an dochas gu'ii creidsinn gur fhiach an obair sin a bhi a’ tig an oaochladh sin nm’n cuairt agus leantuinn rithe. Cha ’n fhaod sinn a bhi ’gar gu’n greasadh fortan an latha, ach ciod a mealladh fein leis a’ bheachd nach leig sinn a tha an dan tachairt do ’n Ghaidhlig anns na leas cirram tuilleadh a bhi oirnn mu thiomchioll laithean maith a. tha tighinn? Am bheil aire ar canain do bhrigh gu bheil i gu bhi air a an t-sluaigh gu bhi air a thionndadh gu buileach teagasg anus na sgoilean. Tha fhios gu blieil a dh’ ionnsaigh nithean corporra agus aimsireil, sin ’na bhuaiinachd, agus gu Tn bi e ’na chuid- no am faic sinn comhla ris a sin diisgadh eachadh, ach ged tha aite gu bhi aig a’ Ghaidh- spioraid ’nam measg a chithear air a thaisbean- lig air clar-teagaisg nan sgoilean cha ’n fhogh- adh ann an chram agus ann an dealas a thapbli ain sin. ' Cha chum sin i ’na canain bed, na nithean a tha co-cheanagilte ri ’n canain, ri fallain, a’ ruith gu siubhlach air teanganan an ’n ceol agus ri ’n litreachas? Chuirinn ’nar Csluaigh. Feumaidh i bhi air a cleachdadh le cuimhne briathran ar caraid ippinhUinn Sean agus dg tiomchioll nan teiuntean aims na Coinneach MacLeoid—“ An la sin a theid ar tighean ceilidh agus amis na tighean aoraidh, canain is ar litreachas fo lie is a chaileas sin'ii ma tha sineadh laithean gu bhi aice mar na subhailcean a bhuineadh do ar daoine, ar n- chanain labhairt. Tha e ’ua dhleasdanas oirnne uaisle, ar teoghalachd, ar dilseachd, ar fearas- a bhi a’ cur impidh air ar luchd duthcha meas fo-thuinn, is e an dearbh latha sin deireadh ar agus imam a clmr air a’ chainnt mhathaireil le sgeoil. Gun teagamh theirear gu trie nach bhi a’ gabhail tlachd ’na labhairt agus a’ cuid- ann de ar canain ar subhailcean is ged dh’ eachadh leis gach oidheirp a tha air a cleachd- fhalbhadh ise gu mairesidh iadsan. Mhaireadh adh gu hhi ’ga cumail.amis an inbhe ard air am na’m bu mhaireann—rud nach b’eadh. Cha- bheii i airidh. Cha do sheas cliii nan Gaidheal toirear canain de shluagh a dh’ aindeoin, co-dhiu riamh na b’airde na tha e an diugh. Dhearbh fhad sa bhios an toil a chumadh cho dian rag iad an duinealas agus an luach anil an ioma ris an toil a bheireadh air falbh. Cha b’ cruaidh-clias amis a’ chdmh-stri mhdir amis an urrainti niata, gu maireadh ar n-uaisle, ar robh sinn an sas ’nar rioghachd.' Thug naimh- dilseachd, ar duinealas, na’m b’e dith iiam feart dean agus cairdean maraon gu li aoiia-ghuthach sin, rud a b’c, a chuireadh as, na’n cuirtcadh as, dhoihh an t-aite a h’airdc inar fhir chogaidh. do ar canain. H’aon riamh an (iaidlieal is a” AN DEO-GREINE. 23 Gliaidlilig; is aon iad fliatliast; ach cha ’n aon at the close the performers were heartily ro-fhada mur ’eil de leiglieas againn d’an applauded. creuchdan ach ceileireadh is fidhleireachd.” Bhuineadh e dhuiun a bhi a’ cumail nam briathran siu air chuimhne agus ma tlia iad SECOND DAY, fior, rud a tha, nacli lebir an fhirinn a tha iad a’ twigasg mar bharantas airson ar saothair mai The second day of the Mod was remarkable Cliomuim. Tha na briathran ’nan gairm alike for the number of competitors and their ruinne a bhi a’ cur ar cridhe, ar n-inntinn agus high level of merit. Difficulties of travelling ar neart amis an obair a ghabh sinn os laimh notwithstanding, the general attendance was aim a bhi a’ cur dion air a’ Ghaidhlig agus a bhi greater than on the opening day, and there was brosnachadli ’sa misneachadh ar luchd diithcha enthusiasm shown by the audience during the iad a bhi toirt an aite ’san urraim dhi air am progress of the competitions. Keen rivalry bheil i airidh. took place for the gold medals presented by An Cha d’ thainig an t-am fhathast aims am faod Comunn for solo singing. In the competition sinn a radh gu bheil obair a’ Chomuinn crioch- for female voices, the winner was Miss Flora naichte. Tha cheart uiread feum air ’sa bha MacNeill, Colonsay, the qualities of whose voice riamh. Ma tha sinn gu bhi ’ga ghiulan air were pronounced to be amongst the finest ever adhart mar is coir dhuinn tha ar dleasdanas aig heard at the Mod. Miss Jenny M. B. Currie, an am so soilleir. Tha againn ri bhi ag aiseag Ford, who was the principal prize-winner on air ais, is gabhaidh e deanamh, na bliadhnachan the first day, was placed second, and received a dh’ ith an locust. commendable praise for an original melody. Tha aireamh ar buill air a thanachadh leis a’ She was also the winner of Nesbitt’s “ Heb- chogadh agus feumaidh sinn a bhi a’ lionadh le ridean Sketches ” on the piano. Miss Margaret buill hire na h-aitean a chaidh fhagail falamh. Fraser, Beauly, carried off first prize for her Feuchaidh sinn gun dail ceuman cubhaidh a pianoforte rendering of a march, Strathspey, ghabhail gu bhi ag ath-bheothachadh ar meuran and Reel. An admirable effort by Mr. A. air feadh na Gaidhealtachd agus an cur a rithist Stewart Robertson, Aberfeldy, gained for him air am bonnaibh. Feumaidh sinn an Comunn the other gold medal. Miss Phemie Marquis a neartachadh aims an da dhoigh sin mu’m bi and Miss Myra Norman, Glasgow, carried off sinn lan uidheamaichte airson a bhi coimhlion- the first award for duet singing. Glasgow, adh nan criochan ard agus cudthromach air am Edinburgh, and Dundee Gaelic Choirs were bheil ar n-aire agus ar saothar suidhichte. rivals for the honours in choral singing, and of the first prizes, two went to Dundee (“ Shield ” and Female Voices). The choruses all over AN ENJOYABLE CEILIDH. were marked by fine harmony and expression. In the Pillar Hall, on Thursday evening, a delightful ceilidh was held, and a large audience GRAND CONCERT. thoroughly enjoyed the proceedings. Mr Mal- colm Macleod, president, occupied the chair. The Grand Gaelic Concert, in the Usher Hall A vocal programme of high merit was sustained on Friday evening attracted a large audience. by well-known singers, among those taking part Perhaps the deepest note of the evening was being some of the Mod competitors. Members struck by Lieut. Colin MacLeod, gold medallist of the Glasgow Gaelic Muscial Association pro- at Dundee Mod, 1913, in his singing of the duced a Gaelic play entitled “ Domhnull ’s an MacLeod Lament, “ Tog orm mo phiob.” Miss Tombaca,” Mr. Donald Macphail taking the Patuffa Kennedy Fraser’s singing of “ Kishmull part of the old man, with Mrs. Barron in the Cradle Croon ” and other Gaelic airs, with harp role of the wife, Mrs. W. Coutts and Miss Mar- accompaniment, was marked by exquisite garet Macdonald appearing as the two expression. . Miss Katie MacLean, winner of daughters, and Mr. John Bannerman, jun., and the Oban and Lorn War Commemeration Mr. Neil Shaw, the secretary of An Comunn, Medal, sang “Chi mi na Mor-bheanua ” with playing the characters of the lovers. The fine expression, and Miss Flora MacNeill gave sketch was well performed with practically no a delightful rendering of Donald Mackechnie’s scenic properties, but despite this handicap it “ Soiridh.” Mr. Stewart Robertson’s efforts was well done. The dialogue flowed along met with hearty appreciation; his rendering of steadily on its bright and liappy course, and the “ Moladh Beinn Dobhrain ” was excellent. Miss merry laughter which punctuated the humor- Phemie Marquis and Miss Myra Norman, who ous passages told its own tale of enjoyment. The as duettists won the commendations of the play was followed with the closest interest, and judges at the Mod, sang with fine harmony. 24 A& DEO-GRElNfi. Under the leadership of Mr. Patrick, Dundee, the combined choirs showed balance and har- ANNUAL MEETING. mony in the part songs. The Dundee Choir of female voices sang with fine taste and expres- The annual meeting of An Comunn Gaid- sion, and by special request the combined healach was held in the Goold Hall, Edinburgh, ladies’ choir sang “ Mo Chubhrachan,” a fairy on Saturday. Mr Malcolm MacLeod occupied lullaby arranged for ladies’ voices by Professor the chair at the commencement of the pro- Granville Bantock. A party of the Edinburgh ceedings. , Highland Reel and Strathspey Society gave an The following office-bearers were elected for enjoyable orchestration of Highland Music, and the ensuing year : —President, the Rev. G. W. selections on the bagpipes were played by four Mackay, M.A., Killin ; vice-presidents, Mr. H. members of the Edinburgh City Police Band. F. Campbell, Aberdeen, and Mr. Donald At the interval the “ Shield ” and baton were Macphie, Dullatur; and to fill vacancies presented to the conductor of the Dundee Choir, in Council — Messrs Malcolm MacLeod, and'the gold medals to the winners, by Mrs. Govan: T. D. MacDonald, Oban; the Burnley Campbell of Ormidale. Rev. T. S. Macpherson, Glasgow ; Messrs. Arch. The following telegram was read from Mr. Stewart, Cambuslang; P. MacDougall Pullar, Muhro, Secretary for Scotland : —“ Of the Glasgow; Duncan MacLeod, Dumbreck ; James many engagements which I have been obliged Mackellar, Glasgow ; the Rev. D. MacFarlane, to cancel because of my unfortunate accident, Kingussie; Mr. Duncan MacGillivray, M.A. ; there is none I have cancelled with greater Dr. George Calder, Glasgow; and Sheriff Mac- regret than my tryst in the Usher Hall to-night. master Campbell. As a Highlander born and bred, I was looking THE NEW PKESIDENT. forward with keen pleasure, as I always do, to Mr MacLeod, in vacating the chair for the meeting an audience of fellow-Highlanders and new President, remarked that he regarded An Comunn as the most representative Highland to hearing once again the songs of the North Association there was, and the man who and West, the sweetest music in the world. occupied the office of president was regarded That you may have a very happy evening is my for the time being as “ the ” representa- earnest wish. Mrs. Munro also wishes to tive Highlander. In giving up that office express deep regret for her absence.” he desired to thank the members of the The Lord Provost, who presided in the Executive for the great consideration and loyal unavoidable absence of the Secretary for Scot- support they had given to him through the land, in the course of a short address, said no years he had been president. It had been a man engaged in the arduous and anxious duties happy time, and he had tried to discharge the of his office in these difficult times had received duties as well as he could. He had pleasure in more general commendation on his actions and welcoming Mr Mackay to the chair. He was accomplishments than Mr. Robert Munro. confident that Mr Mackay would fill the office Speaking of Celtic music, his Lordship said it with satisfaction to An Comunn and distinction recalled in all its notes the mountain, moor, and to himself. loch, the sun sinking in the Western ocean, the Rev. Mr. Maekay, on taking the chair, said Atlantic beating on the shores of the lonely that while he felt quite at home among them, Hebrides. It sang the deeds of heroic men. he did not think he had taken office in any It had the melancholy features of the race, but organisation with more trepidation. When it had also the joyous note, a note of hope, con- they thought of all the distinguished people fidence, and unconquerable spirit, and Celtic who had occupied that post, all the leaders of music would always receive, as it deserved, the movement in literature, art, education, and recognition and place. social work, they realised that it was a great honour to be called to preside over their deliberations. It was not necessary for him to speak of the great and marked ability that had EDUCATIONAL CONFERENCE. distinguished Mr. MacLeod’s services in many respects. Mr MacLeod was possessed of enor- mous administrative experience, and that experience had been placed freely at their dis- A full report of the Conference on the teach- posal for many years. He did not think he ing of Gaelic in Gaelic-speaking areas, held in had heard any man who could surpass Mr Mac- the Goold Hall, Edinburgh, on 11th October, Leod in expressing the ideas or policy of An will be given in our next number. Comunn on any particular item of business. He could not hope to equal Mr. MacLeod. His AN DEO-GREINE. 25 only claim for a position of that kind was his as it was, that there be no extra charge for the love for the language, music, and history of the magazine. He thought a temporary arrange- Gael, and his keen, ardent desire that the ment might be made whereby six magazines Gaelic-speaking race should get a better place might be issued in the year. in the sun. In his opinion, he was taking the Mrs. Colquhoun, Glasgow, who seconded, chair at the most critical stage in the history of observed that the advertisements ought to pay An Comunn. for the magazine. Rev. John MacLachlan, Lochcarron, moved Professor Watson said he was of opinion that that An Cornu un record in its minutes a special if Mr. MacDonald’s motion was carried it vote of thanks to Mr. MacLeod for his conduct would result in a decrease in the membership of and services in the chair, and the motion was An Comunn and also in the reduced circulation carried with acclamation. of the magazine. He would move- that the Professor Watson also offered a welcome to magazine continue to be supplied to every mem- the new President. He knew perhaps better ber of An Comunn in virtue of his subscription, than most how absolutely devoted Mr. Mackay and that it be remitted to the Executive to con- was to the Gaelic cause. It was Mr. Mackay sider whether it was necessary to increase the and Mr. MacLeod who were instrumental membership subscription for that purpose, and in getting up the petition which proved so what could be done in the way of improving decisive in getting the amendment in regard the magazine. to Gaelic in the Education Act. He hoped Mr. The Rev. Dr. MacLennan seconded. Mackay’s term of office would be signalised by The Rev. T. S. MacPherson, Convener of the one more forward movement. Mr. MacLeod’s Publication Committee, said that the position term of office would be memorable owing to the of the magazine was not so serious as it recognition of Gaelic in the Act of Parliament, appeared. His Committee had been consider- and one way in which Mr. Mackay might make ing for some months definite proposals to add to his term of office memorable would he to get a the interest of the magazine and add to the thoroughly sound publication fund for publish- income by additional advertisements. ing Gaelic literature. That was greatly needed. Mr. Malcolm MacLeod said he was not satis- If Mr. Mackay could manage that it would be a fied with any of the motions, and moved the great achievement. They wished Mr. Mackay previous question. Mr Shaw was arranging a great success in the chair. concert in Glasgow which they expected would Mr. Mackay, in returning thanks, said he yield a handsome profit, and there was a good did not know any more magnificent or worthy prospect of more advertisements. He did not object for various Gaelic-speaking men who think it was necessary to make any remit, and got on in the world than to make a good con- they should leave matters alone for a year. tribution to the Publications Committee. Mr. Angus. Robertson moved that the title of THE COMUNN MAGAZINE. the magazine be altered because it was not Mr. T. D. MacDonald, Oban, initiated a dis- Gaelic and was a senseless name. It did not cussion on the magazine, An Deo-Greine, and mean anything at all. It was a bit of borrowed submitted a motion that the subscription to the phraseology from some Ossian flight of imagina- magazine be charged for and collected tion. separately, that the member’s subscription be Mr. Robertson’s motion found no seconder. 4s, an increase of 6d, and the magazine sub- Mr. MacDonald thereupon withdrew his scription be 2d per copy, or 3s post free. He motion in favour of that of Mr. MacLeod, pointed out the magazine was a serious drain which became the finding of the meeting. on the resources of An Comunn. During the The Rev. T. S. MacPher^on stated that in last completed year the loss was £131. About response to the appeal for additional financial £70 had been made up by donations, leaving a support for publication funds, the Gaelic debit balance of £61. They could not get on Society of Glasgow had given them £20 and the at that rate. They should try and make the Tiree Association £5. magazine self supporting. If the magazine OBAN 1920 MOD. were tripled in size and issued quarterly, and The question of the next Mod was afterwards the price doubled or tripled, he believed they considered. Mr. T. D. MacDonald pointed out would get more subscribers. His motion, how- that the Mod was held this year in Edinburgh ever^ assumed that the magazine would be left on account of special circumstances, and Oban as it was. waived its claim. The difficulty in Oban was Mr. Donald MacLean seconded. the limited hall accommodation. The largest Mr Colin Sinclair movejl an amendment to hall held about 700, and what they proposed the effect that the annual -subscription remain was that instead of one grand concert, assuming 26 AN DE0-GRE1NE. the Mod would last three days, three concerts 1, Mary B. MacMillan, Dervaig. should be given, a junior concert, a senior con- 2, John MacDonald, Broadford. cert, and a grand concert. He asked An 3, Mary MacRae, Lochalsh. Comunn to give Oban the Mod next year. 4, John MacLean, Broadford. Captain Campbell seconded. 5, Duncan MacRae, Lochalsh. It was agreed to have the Mod at Oban, and 4. TRANSLATION, from Gaelic into English, to leave the arrangements in the liands of the andof 20 from verses English from ii.into Samuel, Gaelic chaptersof 10 verses 14 to from 24; Oban Committee. The date of the Mod was St. Luke’s Gospel, chapters 13 to 24. Prizes— left with the Mod and Music Committee. and1st, £1,“ Caraid and “ Caraidnan Gaidheal.’ nan Gaidheal ” ; 2nd, 10s, EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. 1, Angusina MacMillan, Dervaig. The preliminary meeting of the Executive 2, Helen F. MacMillan, Dervaig. Council was afterwards held, with the Rev. Mr. Mackay in the chair. The chief business was the election of the standing committees. The follow- SPECIAL PRIZES FOR TEACHERS. ing were appointed Conveners of the respective tively(a) First to the and Teachers Second Prize whose of £2Pupils and £1win respec- the Committees : —Education—Mr. H. F. Camp- highest average of marks in the foregoing com- bell ; Publication-—Rev. T. S. Macpherson; petitions, Nos. 1 to 4. Propaganda—Rev. G. W. Mackay ; Finance— 1, Angus MacMillan (Dervaig Public School). Councillor MacFarlan; Mod and Music—Rev. 2, John Montgomery (Lochalsh Public School). M. N. Munro : Art and Industry—Mrs. Rey- (b) First and Second Prize of £2 and £ 1 respec- burn. It was agreed to hold the next meeting tively to the Teachers whose Pupils win the of the Executive at Stirling on Saturday, 6th petitions,highest aggregate Nos. 1 to marks4. In in estimating the foregoing the aggre- com- December. pergate, cent, the ofpapers marks of will pupils’ be excluded. earning less than 50 1, JohnSchool). Macpherson, M.A. (Broadford Public PRIZE LIST. 2, John Montgomery (Lochalsh Public School). JUNIOR SECTION, SENIOR SECTION. LITERATURE. Adjudicators—R. Barron, H.M.I.S., Aberdeen; ORAL DELIVERY. John MacDonald, M.A., Glasgow. Adjudicators—Rev.Edinburgh; John MalcolmR. Bannerman, MacLennan, Glasgow. D.D., 1. LETTER, not exceeding 2 pages of Large RECITATION of a Piece of Dramatic Poetry. applicationPost Quarto to paper, the Secretary, supplied onby thea single Comunn subject on Prizes—1st, £1; 2nd, 10s. Open to all. chosen from a list sent under sealed cover, to be 2,1, MrsMrs. W.E. Coutts,Barron, Glasgow. Glasgow. beenopened taken by the for Localthe ExaminerCompetition. after Prizes—1st,places have READING a Prose Piece. Prizes—1st, £1; 6th,10s; a2nd, Book. 7s 6d; 3rd, 5s; 4th, 3s 6d; 5th, 2s 6d; 2nd, 10s. Open to all. 1, Mary B. MacMillan, Dervaig. 2,1, MissDonald Nellie Macphail, Cameron, Clydebank. Oban. 3,2, JohnJohn MacLean,MacDonald, Broadford. Broadford. ANCIENT-FOLK TALE, preferably unpub- 4, Jessie Grant, Broadford. Prizes—1st,lished—narrated £3; 2nd,in £2.the traditional style. 6,5, DuncanArchd. MacMillan,MacRae, Lochalsh. Broadford. 1, Donald Macphail, Glydebank. 2. WRITING FROM DICTATION of an 2, James Robertson, Pitlochrie. unfamiliar Piece of Prose, slowly read by the formers.BEST-ACTED The words DIALOGUE may be selected by Two from Per-any theTeacher same or conditions other competent and limitations person. Subjectas No. toI published Gaelic work, or may be specially com- above. Prizes:—1st, 10s; 2nd, 7s 6d ; 3rd, 5s; Prizes—1st,posed. Not £3; to exceed2nd, £2; 15 3rd,minutes £1. in delivery. 4th, 2s 6d; 5th, a Book. 1, Mrs W. Coutts, Glasgow, and Miss M. Mac- 2,1, JohnMary MacDonald,B. MacMillan, Broadford. Dervaig. donald, Glasgow. 3, Angusina MacMillan, Dervaig. phail,2, Mrs Clydebank. E. Barron, Glasgow, and Donald Mac- 5,4, JessieMary MacRae,Grant, Broadford. Lochalsh. 3, James Robertson, Pitlochrie, and J. Stewart 3. REPRODUCTION IN WRITING of an Robertson, Aberfeldy. unfamiliar Piece of Prose, to be read three VOCAL MUSIC. times in the hearing of the competitors. Subject Adjudicators—Music, Professor Granville Ban- to the same conditions and limitations as No; 1 tock, Birmingham; Gaelic, Rev. T. S. Mac- 4th,above. 2s Cd;Prizes—1st, 5th, a Book. 10s; 2nd, 7s 6d; 3rd, 5s; pherson, Glasgow. AN DEO-GliEINE. 27 ^OLO SINGING of a Song. Female Voices. COMMEAIORATIONOBAN AND LORN A1EDAL ASSOCIATION (Open) forWAR the Confinedach, its toBranches members andof theAffiliated Comunn Gaidheal-Societies. best rendering of a Song composed by a Lorn Prizes—1st, £2; 2nd, £1. Former gold medallists Bard.must be Copysene orto Namethe Secretary of Song (forwhen verification) entering. Membersand first-prize of Branches winners and for Affiliatedsinging excluded.Societies Prizes—1st, Gold Badge and £1; 2nd, £si. must give evidence of membership when entering. ciation.)(Presented by the Glasgow Oban, and Lorn Asso- 2,1, Miss JennyBessie M.Campbell, B. Currie, Glasgow. Ford. 1, Aliss Kate AlacLean, Glasgow. SOLO SINGING of a Song. Male Voices. 2, Miss Bessie Campbell, Glasgow. Confined to Members of the Comunn Gaidheal- Adjudicators—Music,gow; Gaelic, Rev. T. Hugh S. Macpherson, S. Roberton, Glasgow, Glas- ach, its Branches and Affiliated Societies. r or the BEST RENDERING of a PERTH- andPrizes—1st, first-prize £2; winners 2nd, £1. forFormer singing gold medallistsexcluded. SHIRE Unpublished FOLK-SONG AIR. Copies Members of Branches and Affiliated Societies orunpublished the music, air, with must words, be sentfor verificationto the Secretary as an musting. give evidence of membership when enter- one month before the date of the Mod. Prize, 1, A. Stewart Robertson, Aberfeldy. presentedbane Association, by the £1Glasgow Is. Atholl and Breadal- 2, Alex. Cameron, Glasgow. 1, Aliss Jenny Al. B. Currie, Ford. Adjudicators—Music, Hugh S. Roberton, Glas- SOLO SINGING of the Song, “ Tha Peigi’s a- burgh.gow; Gaelic, Rev. Neil Ross, B.D., Edin- Alhonadh,” by the Rev. Alexander Stewart SOLO SINGING of a Lochaber Song in the (“Nether Lochaber”). See “Modern Gaelic traditional manner, without accompaniment. C.Bards,” AlacLeod, second Publisher, series, part Dundee, I., page paper 4 (Malcolm covers 10sFor Seniors.(presented Prizes—1st, by Miss £1Juliet 10s; 2nd,Macdonald, £1; 3rd, 8vo., 2s nett; limited edition 4to., i-cloth, 7s Lochaber). 6d).4th, 7s Prizes—1st,6d. Prizes £1 presented 10s; 2nd, by 15s; the 3rd,Dundee 10s; 2,1, MissHugh Jenny Mackay, M. B.Dornoch. Currie, Ford. ealach.Highland Society Branch of An Comunn Gaidh- Intyre,3, Alex. Colonsay, Cameron, equal. Glasgow, and Malcolm Mac- 1, Aliss M. Ai. Duncan, Glasgow. 32, andA. Stewart4 (equal), Robertson, Hugh Alackay, Aberfeldy. Dornoch, and SINGINGA COMPETITION of “ Puirt a-Beul.”for SENIORS The wordsin SOLO and Aliss Jenny M. B. Currie, Ford. tarymusic on to entry, be sung for must approval. be submitted Competitors to the shouldSecre- SOLO SINGING of an Oran-mor selected, by select sets of times that are adapted to vocal ren- theAlaeve,” Competitor from from“ Sea the Tangle,” following “ list:Mort —‘ Ghlinne ‘ Queen dering,the point and of viewwords of that good are taste. unobjectionable Two tunes tofrom be Dobhrain.”Comhann,” byCopies the Muck of the Bard; three songsand “will Beinh be professedoe unpublished. by each competitor,For published one oftunes which see must Dr 2nd,supplied £1. by the Secretary. Prizes—1st, £2; Beul.”K. N. MacDonaldPrizes—1st, s £1collection 10s; 2nd, of15s; “ Puirt3rd, 10s.a- 2,1, A.Aliss Stewart Jenny Robertson,M. B. Currie, Aberfeldy. Ford. 1, Allan Hunter,. Oban. Adjudicators—Gaelic, Rev. Neil Ross, B.D., 3,2, Alex.Hugh Cameron,Mackay, Glasgow.Dornoch. tock,Edinburgh; Birmingham. Music, Professor Granville Ban- SOLO SINGING of a Mull or Iona Song, the Prizes—1st,SOLO SINGING £1 and of thea Song. Gold MedalFemale ofvoices. the published.words of which A cdpymust notof thehave song been (words previously and Comunn; 2nd, £2; 3rd, £1. music)ing. Prizes—1st,must be sent £1 to Ls;the 2nd,Secretary 10s 6d when (presented enter- 2,1, Aliss JennyFlora AlacNeill,Al. B. Currie, Colonsay. Ford. by the Glasgow Mull and Iona Association). Bessie3, Miss Campbell, Kate MacLean,Glasgow (equal).Glasgow, and Miss 2,1, MalcolmMiss Jenny MacIntyre, M. B. Currie, Colonsay. Ford. SOLO SINGING of a Song. Male voices. Adjudicators—Music, Professor Granville Ban- ComunnPrizes—1st, ; 2nd, £1 £2; and 3rd, the £1. Gold Medal of the toek,B.D., Birmingham;Edinburgh. Gaelic, Rev. Neil Ross, 1, A. Stewart Robertson, Aberfeldy. For the BEST RENDERING OF A SONG 3^2, AlalcolmAlex. Cameron, Alaclntyre, Glasgow. Colonsay. fromMale Mrsand Kennedyfemale voices. Fraser’s Competitors book, “ Sea mustTangle.” pre- Adjudicators—Gaelic, Rev. T. S. Macpherson, pare the two following songs, “ Morar Reapers ” Glasgow;Birmingham. Alusie, Professor Granville Bantock, theand competitors“ Cairistiona.” to sing The either judges of them. will callPrizes— upon SOLO SINGING of a Song. Female voices. 1st, '• Songs of the Hebrides ” Vol. ii. (presented first-prizeOpen only winnersto former for Modsinging. gold Prize,medallists £3. and by Mrs. Kennedy Fraser) j» 2nd Six separate 1, Aliss Al. M. Duncan, Glasgow. songs“ Songs to ofbe theselected Hebrides by the (presentedprize-winner by fromAirs SOLO SINGING of a Song. Afale voices. Kennedy Fraser). first-prizeOpen only winnersto former for singing.,Mod gold Prize,medallists £3. and 2.1. Miss Jenny.Myrtle M.Campbell, B. Currie, Clydebank. Ford. 1, Hugh Alackay, Dornoch. 28 AN DEO-GREINE. 2nd,DUET £1. SINGING of a Song. Prizes—1st, £2; AN COMUNN’S NEW PRESIDENT. 1, Miss Phemie Marquis and Miss Myra Nor- man;Macpherson, 2, Miss all Flora of Glasgow. MacLean and Miss M. B. The new President of An Comunn is the Rev. G. W. Mac Kay, M.A., parish minister of Killin. voices.QUARTETTE (S.A.T.B.) SINGING Competitors of a Song. to prepareMixed A more active and devoted worker in the two songs of their own choice, either or both of interests of Celtic culture it would be difficult which they may be asked to sing. Prizes—1st, to find in all Scotland, and he is possessed of £2; 2nd, £1. many traits and qualities that mark him out 1, Glasgow Gaelic Musical Quartette. as a wise and successful leader. He is genial, CHORAL SINGING of a Song, with or with- tactful, energetic, and resourceful, and has out chorus, in three part harmony. Female clearness of vision and much administrative voices only. The two songs prescribed are “ Mo capacity. He has had a long and varied DubhChubhrachan Ciar Dubh ” (Messrs ” (Messrs Curwen), Parlane), “An both speci-Gille experience in public life, and exercises consider- ally arranged, and may be had from the Secre- able influence both in Church and Celtic circles. tary. Prize, £5. A second prize will be given Any question relating to the Gaelic people, if three or more choirs compete. their language, music, and social well-being, 1, Dundee Gaelic Musical Association. commands Mr. MacKay’s ready and whole- 2, Edinburgh Gaelic Musical Association. hearted. attention. He never grudges trouble, CHORAL SINGING of a Song, with or with- labour, or expense when there is a prospect of onlv.out Chorus, The twoin three-part songs prescribed harmony. are “Male ’Si luaidhvoices furthering the interests and raising the status mo chagair Morag ” and “ O’s tu ’s gur a tu th’ of the Celtic race. His enthusiasm for the air m’aire.” Prize, £5. A second prize will be language and music of his people was kindled given if three or more choirs compete. in his early youth, and his love therefor seems 1, Edinburgh Gaelic Musical Association. to strengthen and intensify with the lapse of CHORAL SINGING of a Song, with or with- time. He was present at the first Mod, which out Chorus, in four-part harmony. The songs was held in Oban, and his active association prescribed are “ Cumha Iain Ghairbh Rasaidh ” with An Comunn dates from 1908. He became (Test Song), published by Messrs Curwen, Ber- Convener of the Propaganda Committee five ners“ Hug Street,London, o laithill o “hb Braigh ro,” Rusgaich,”in “ Coisir anda’ years ago. In discharging the duties of Mhbid.” Prizes—1st, £15, retention for one that office, he has been indefatigable in year of the Lovat and Tullibardine Trophy, and his endeavours to rouse the Highland people a Baton to the Choir Conductor; 2nd, £10; 3rd, to a sense of their duty with respect to their £5 language and literature. He has undertaken gow1, DundeeGaelic MusicalGaelic Musical Assiciation; Association; 3, Edinburgh 2, Glas- long journeys on behalf of An Comunn; and, Gaelic Musical Association. despite the adverse conditions created by the war, his labours have, in different directions, yielded rich and abundant fruit. INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC. No man worked more assiduously or helped Adjudicators—W. B. Moonie, jun., Mus. Bac., more effectively than our new President to get Edinburgh; Pipe-Major W. Ross, Edinburgh a workable Gaelic clause introduced into the Castle. new Education Act. It was at his prompting PLAYING of a Highland March, Strathspey, that An Comunn decided to approach by depu- and Reel, on the Pianoforte. Competitors to tation the Highland Committees of the three submit the names of 3 Marches, 3 Strathspeys, Churches, and try to induce them to give all choice.and 3 Reels,The from March which will the be Judgesplayed willtwice, make and a possible encouragement to this legislative con- the Strathspey and Reel thrice each, or otherwise cession. Everybody now knows that, in this as the Judges may direct. The playing of the matter, the Churches were amongst the most Strathspeys and Reels is to be preceded by the powerful agencies that were brought to bear ThisMarch. competition Prizes—1st, is confined £2; strictly2nd, £1; to amateurs.3rd, 10s. upon the Government. Mr. MacKay and Mr. 1, Miss Margaret Fraser, Beauly. John N. MacLeod, Errogie, were the originators 2 and 3 (equal), Miss Jenny M. B. Currie, of the petition movement, which was designed Ford, and Miss Isabel MacRae, Kyle. to bring additional pressure on the authorities PLAYING on the Pianoforte of “ HEBRID- at Whitehall. As Convener of the Propa- EAN SKETCHES,” Parts I. and III., by Julian ganda Committee, Mr. MacKay mapped the H. W. Nesbitt (Bayley & Ferguson, Queen country out into three provinces, with a sub- Street, Glasgow). Confined to amateurs. committee over each, and all in favour of the Prizes—1st, £2; 2nd, £1; 3rd, 10s. language were given an opportunity to sign. 2,1, Miss JennyJeanie M.S. B.MacCulloch, Currie, Ford. Oban. The number of names that he himself secured AN DEO-GREINE. 29 was simply amazing, and bore ample evidence mitted to the meeting. In the following year to his sedulity and popularity. he was one of the few Scotsmen who went to Mr. MacKay is one of the moving spirits in Neath, and there again he exerted much reviving and remodelling the Pan-Celtic Union genuine and useful influence. The Pan-Celtic under the guidance and stimulus of the enthusi- ship has since encountered some rather astic Welshman, Mr. Edward T. John. At the unsettled weather. The delightful fact that

REV G. W. MACKAY, M.A, Birkenhead Conference, held in 1917, Mr. she has been saved from stranding is largely MacKay read a paper on the Gaelic Question due to the adroitness and address displayed by in Scotland. It was a singularly faithful and Mr. MacKay in pouring jets of oil upon the lucid exposition, and was generally considered troubled waters. the most able and interesting disquisition sub- As becomes his office, our new President 30 AN- DEO-GREINE. devotes himself unsparingly to the welfare of his Church and parish, and no minister in the THE SECRETARY’S PAGE. Church of Scotland is more active and pains- taking in the discharge of his professional Tha sud seachad ! Mod mdr eile ri aireamh duties. He is a graduate of St. Andrews nam feadhnach a dh’fhalbh. A dh’aindeoin University, and after being licensed, served as ioma cnap-starra nn seachdain roimhe bha an assistant first at Beauly, and afterwards to moran an lathair aig Mod Dhuneideann. the late Rev. Dr MacDonald, High Church, Thainig cuid dhe’n luchd farpuis astar fada Inverness. Three years after- leaving- the- agus thaitinn a.! chuirm riu' gu h-eireachdail. Divinity Hall, he received a call to the church Ma bhios sinn beo -s gu math ris bidli sinn and parish of Killin, and there he has remained aims an Oban an ath bhliadhna agus faodaidh to this day. He has ever applied himself suit a bhi againn ri cruinnenchadh mdr ’san most heartily not only to its spiritual, but also Oban Lathurhach. its social development. He has had the church renovated, the seatings re-arranged, and a beautiful pipe-organ introduced. He has The singing at the Mod this year was of a been instrumental in getting an institute very high order. Professor Bahtock said that established at Killin, where the musical, the quality of the singing in the Ladies Medal dramatic, and debating powers of the younger competition excelled anything he ever heard in people may be given fitting expression. He England or in Wales. Both music judges were started a literary society, and shares in its much impressed by the natural charm and activities ; gives an annual soiree to the farm refinement of the singers. servants of the parish, and exerts himself in many other ways to brighten and sweeten the Few people are aware of the fact that social life of the district. Soiridh,” Miss Flora MacNeill's Medal song, Few town or country ministers are connected is the composition of the late Mr Donald Mac- with so many Assembly Committees as Mr. Kechnie, “ Am Fear Ciuil.” The song is very MacKay, and fewer still attend their meetings popular in Jura, and Miss MacNeill’s exquisite with such commendable regularity. He is a rendering of it at the Mod and Grand Concert member of Life and Work Committee, the is sure to popularise it still further among High- Welfare of Youth Committee, the Royal Bounty Committee, the Committee on Gaelic-speaking landers in the cities. “ An te bhan a bha ’san Students for the Ministry, and the newly-formed fhrith” was originally written “ An t-agh ban a Church and Nation Committee. He has bha ’san fhrith.” We hope to give the original repeatedly visited almost every comer of the verses in a future number. Highlands on deputation work, and has been a member of the Commission on Vacancies in Mr A. Stewart Robertson, Aberfeldy, charmed Gaelic-speaking Charges. He has always taken everyone at the Grand Concert with his singing much interest in Church worship and Church of " Moladh Beinn Dbbhrain.” His splendid praise, in their national, as distinct from local knowledge of the language and his careful aspects. Truly, Mr. MacKay is a servant who enunciation gets to the heart* of the Gaelic needeth not to be ashamed—a minister whose people. fruitfulness in good works is exemplary and most singular, On the occasion of his semi-jubilee as parish The Oban and Lorn War Commemoration minister of Killin, he was presented at a social Medal attracted an entry of first-class singers, meeting with a sum of money, a silver tea- and promises to be one of our most popular service, a splendid roll-top desk, and a beautiful competitions. It was very fitting that a native Chesterfield couch. These gifts were sub- of“ Galley Lorn ”should badge. be Missthe Katefirst MacLeanwinner of has the a scribed for by members of his congregation and few Mod prizes to her credit, and three of her other friends in the parish. brothers won the Junior Silver Medal. Hector, If An Comunn does not thrive and flourish in the 1909 Silver Medallist, was killed in Galli- the immediate future, it shall not be for lack of poli while serving with the H.L.I. endeavour, devotion, capacity, and statesman- ship on the part of our new President, We are convinced that he will shortly manifest his The Duet Competition brought out a large energy and strategical skill by a big Gaelic number of competitors. The first prize was “ push ” on more than one “ front ” ! awarded to Miss Phemie Marquis and Miss AN DEO-GREINE. 31 Myra Norman for an artistic rendering of NOTICE. “ Una Ghil-bhan,” one of Kenneth Mac- Leod’s Sea-lovers’ songs. Miss M. B. Mac- All literary contributions, accompanied by the Pherson and Miss Flora MacLean, who secured name and address of the writer, should be addressed second prize, also sang with fine taste. All to Mr. Donald Macphie, 5 Victoria Terrace, are members of the Glasgow Gaelic Musical Dullatur, and should reach him not later than Association Choir. the 15th of each month. Communications regarding the Sale of the Maga - zine, Annual Subscriptions, and Advertisements, Miss Jenny M. B. Currie, Ford, secured the should be addressed to Mr. Neil Shaw, lion’s share of the Mod prizes. Her singing Secretary, 108 Hope St., Glasgow. A Scale of throughout was excellent, and her selection of Charges for Advertisements will be sent on unpublished songs gave a pleasing variety to application. th-! entertainment. She also secured a first The Magazine will be sent post free to all an :1 second prize in the pianoforte competitions. countries in the Postal Union for 2 /- per annum. Single copies will be sent by post for 2d. The Oral competitions brought out much fresh talent. The Acted Dialogue competition was specially attractive, and the performances promised well for the future of Gaelic drama. Mrs. W. Coutts and Miss Margaret MacDonald A XMAS GIFT gained first prize with a “ Gossip,” of which OF HIGH-CLASS TEA they gave a splendid rendering. Mrs. Barron and Mr. Donald MacPhail showed Willand youprove cannot very acceptabledo better thanthis year,send powers of spirited conversation in “ An your friends a present of t-Iadach,” and were worthy runners-up. Mr. MacPhail had two first prizes to his credit in MacLeod s Famous Teas the forenoon in Reading and Folk Tale, Mrs. De Luxe. Coutts first in Recitation, with Mrs. Barron Tea has risen in price as you know second. —andwe hold is goodstill rising—butstocks and fortunatelycan supply sameWe are at prepareda reasonable to send—carriage price. Miss Myrtle Campbell was awarded first prize paid, and in specially made boxes for a finished rendering of Mrs. Kennedy — to any address in threat Britain, in Fraser’s “ Cairistiona,” and Miss Bessie Camp- 5-lbs.lowing and Teas— 12-lbs., of any of the fol- bell secured two second prizes. These two Fine Darjeeling, 3/2 Lb. ladies are often heard at the Ceilidhs in Glas- Superb Blend. 3/4 Lb. gow, and their success gave pleasure to a multi- Peers Blend, 4/- Lb. tude of friends. prices.Secure suppliesBuy direct—neither now at the agents above or Cashtravellers with employed Order. by us. Tekms— The Ceilidhs are in full swing, and full houses are the order all round. The lecturers at both MacLEOD and CO. have given most excellent papers on a variety Wholesale Tea, and Coffee Merchants, of subjects. The other Highland Societies are 3 FREDERICK ST., EDINBURGH. carrying through a programme of “ At Homes ” Tel. No. 3f'66 Central Edinburgh, and Concerts, and all are well patronised. Telegrams—“ Clieerful,” Edinburgh. * * * A splendid display of Gaelic and Scottish books was arranged by John Grant, George IY. DRQUHART & GLEN-MORISTON Bridge, at the entrance to the Synod Halls Olden Times in a Highland Parish. during the Mod proceedings. It added much By WILLIAM MACKAY, LL.D. to the Celtic atmosphere, and was convincing SECOND EDITION. ILLUSTRATED. proof of the store of high-class literature the Price, 10s. ; Postage. 7d. Large Paper Copy, £1 ; Scottish Highlander has in his own native Postage, 8d. language, Mr Grant is to be congratulated on INVERNESS: his excellent display. “NORTHERN CHRONICLE” OFFICE, Null. And Booksellers, 32 AN DEO-GREINE. The Shop for Gaelic Books. Gaelic Self-Taught. An Introduction to GaelicPrice Postage ciationfor Beginners, invaluable with to anLearners, imitated complete, pronun- 1/6 2d An Rosarnach,Gaelic authors, a galaxy 2 volumes of the ready, best moderneach 10/- 6d TheBardach Wizard’s Leodhais, Gillie, Lewis with Bards, Gaelic now and ready, English 6/- 6d Fionnopposite aim an p.rges,Tigh a’ Bhlair- Bhuidhe.- - A- Tale,- 2/63d 4d£d Reid’sHandbook New for Elementary Speakers atCourse Gaelic of Meetings,Gaelic, -- 1/-3d Jd3d RosgReiteach Gaidhlig. Moraig. Selections Popular of Gaelic Gaelic Piay, Prose, -- 2/66d 4dl£d MacBain’sPosadh Moraig, New Gaelicsequel Etymologicalto Reiteach Moraig, Diet., 12/66d 6dl^d MacLeodGaelie and Dictionary, Dewar’s Gaelic-Eng.- - - English-- 12/6 6d AigMacEachen’s Tigh na Beinne, Gaelic-English by Mrs. Grant,Dictionary, just pub.- 3/62/6 4d Gu’nMaeDougall’s d’tliug I speisFolk doTales ’n Armunn, and Fairy Gaelic Lore, novel - 6/-1/- 2Jd4d Cameron’sDeirdire, Gaelic Highland and Eng.Clearances opposite to pages, 1912, -3/6- 2/- 4d Mackay’s Palace Hotel, Gaelic Mission Hymn Book, - - - 1/- 2d BardachdPoetry, Ghaidhlig, - - Selections- - from- Gaelic- 3/6 6d EDINBURGH. Cath-chuairtAn Solaraiche, Eideird four choice Bhruis Gaelic an Eirinn, Essays, 1/-1/3 2d Highly Recommended. |I TABLEBEDROOM. D’HOTE ATTENDANCE, BREAKFAST, LIGHT, from ANDSs. Auraicept na n’eces, Prof. Geo. Calder, 12/6 6d En Pension Rates on Application. 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MALCOLM & BINGHAM,NE G R ND Phone—579 Douglas. G. SINCLAIR, Proprietor. CHARING CROSS ( ^T i;t ) GLASGOW. B Elementary Course of Gaelic Re-ArrangedBy DUNCAN and REID,Enlarged (Gaelic Master,By NORMAN The Glasgow MACLEOD High School). Price Is. Postage 3d. extra. Publishedin bySchools An Comunnand Gaelic Gaidhealach Classes. for use AN DEO-GREINE Leabhar XV.] Darna Mlos a Gkeamhhraidh, 79/9. [Earrann 3 bhodhar do ’n gearan. Is maslach an gnothuch CLAR-INNSIDH. e far am bheil miltean sluaigh—fir threuna chalma, a dh’fhuiling agus a dh’fhuilich ; Moran 'ga radh’s Beagan ’ga Dheanamh, - - - - 33 mnathan caomhail, glice, deanadach, a sgain Publication Fund, - - 34 an cridhe le iomagaint agus iormdrairm—gun MoImpressions Dhuthaich of Fhein,Edinburgh - Mod,- - - • - - 3374 chothrom an eadhlainn agus toradh an saoth- Gaelic in Ireland. - - - 37 rach fearainn a chur gu margadh no goireasan TheAlasdair, Teaching Mac anof Gaelic,Impire—Alasdair, the Son of the Emperor,4 380 feumail fhaighinn air ais. AnJuvenile Comunn Prize Gaidhenlach, Papers, 432 * * * TheTraditions Secretary’s in Gaelic Page, Poetry, - . . - 4445 Tha an giulan mara tearc agus tur neo- Letter to the Editor, 46 fhreagarrach frithealadh do leithid a dh’ aireamh NewEdinburgh Members, Mod Donations, 47 sluaigh. Tha feum air bataichean smuide a shiubhlas luath o chala gu cala agus a ghiulain- eas daoine, buar agus bathar. Agus biodh iad MORAN ’GA RADH S BEAGAN ’GA air an uidheamachadh ann an doigh a bheir DHEANAMH. comhfhurtachd do dh’ islean cho maith ri uais- lean. Is culaidh oillt e smuaineachadh air ' Is e sin a. thuirt an sean-fhacal, agus is e sin turus cuain a ghabhail an drasda do na h- a tha moran eile ag radh air an dearbh latha so. eileanan a mach, ainmig’s ga bheil an cothrom. Chaidh nithean mora agus matha a ghealladh Cha bhi na h-eileanan ceart am feasda gus am dhuinn anns na bliadhnachan searbha a dh’ faigh iad slighe-fhosgailte gach latha seachdain fhalbh. Tha sinn a’ cuimhneachadh a’ gheal- gu tir-mor agus ceann uidhe an rathaid iaruinn. laidh ach ag ionndrainn a’ bhuil. Bha, mar Ciamar a ghabhas malairt deanamh fo ’n t- gu’m b’eadh, saoghal eile gu bhi againn an uair a suidheachadh a tha riaghladh an diugh 1 Gabh- gheibbeadh an luchd riaghlaidh sineadh analach aidh pasgan clo tri seachdainean mu ’n ruig e an deidh bruthach na comhraig uambasaich ud Glascho as- na Hearadh, agus cha ’n Thaighear a dhireadh. Leig sinn leo iad fein a chratbadh fios freagairt litreach an taobh a stigh de dheich gu math, ach tha iad maimealach ’san tarruing. laithean. Aig an am so—ann an linn adhartaich agus shoilleir—tha: staid na Gaidhealtachd, agus gu Chuala sinn mar an ceudna moran mu fhear- h araidh na h-Eileanan Siar, ’na chuis iomagain ann airson nan laoch a thill. Tha eagal oirnn do mhoran, agus bu mhaith leinn an Ard Riagh- gur gle bheag dhiu a chaidh a shuidheachadh ladh a thighinn air adhart agus an geallaidhean air croit no tuath anns an lar. Ma tha dhith priseil a chur gu buil. Mur dean iad sin gu air an luchd riaghlaidh an sluagh foghainteach h-aithghearr bidh Eileanaich agus luchd aitich sin a ghleidheadh a chum maith na Rioghachd na h-Airde ’n lar ann an suidheachadh truagh. tha lan am aca dol an uidheam agus rud-eigin Cheana tha bochdainn agus gort ag amharc orra a shocrachadh air neo bidh iarraidh fharsuing ann an clar an aodainn, agus iadsan a mhain a aca air na seoid a dhion an duthaich air dhoigh bu choir an teasairginn agus an cuideachadh a’ a bha urramach, measail agus cliuiteach. .Clod seasamh fada bhuatha agus a’ toirt cluais am feum a bhios air Gaidhealtachd mur bi 34 AN DEO-GREINE. Gaidheal ami? Agus mur bi Gaidheil ann cha IMPRESSIONS OF EDINBURGH MOD. bhi Gaidhlig ann. Duthaich gun chinneach gun chanain cba duthaich i. Ma dh’ fhalbhas na seann ndsan agus na cleachdaidhean cean- By Professor Bantock. alta air am bheil sinn uile gaolach, falbhaidh a’ Ghaidhealtachd mar is aithne dhuinne i agus The following remarks by Professor Granville ann an eachdraidh a mhain gheibhear a h- Bantock at the conclusion of each competition ainm. C’ar son a leigeamaid ar mic ’s ar will be of interest to our members and readers nigheanan an cuan mor aiseag agus gu leoir who were not present at the Mod : — agus ri sheachnadh de dh’ fhearann maith ’nar Choral Singing.—“ Good natural singing. duthaich fhein? Ma dhion sinne an duthaich Some freedom of expression, good balance and o fhoirneart agus leir-sgrios faiceadh iadsan a good sustained vocal phrasing, especially in the gheall gu’m bi i ’na duthaich murach anns, na sopranos. Real enthusiasm and animation in h-uile doigh air laoich agus curaidhean. second song. Allargando does not mean Ammando, but broadening.” “ Excellent vocal Leugh sinn o cheann ghoirid gu bheil deich material here. Expression inclined to hard- mile fichead punnd Sasunnach ri thoirt seachad ness and too violent contrasts. Voices over- gach bliadhna, rfe dheich bliadhna, a thogail weighted above and below. Weakness of thighean do chroitearan. Deich mile fichead! middle part. In second song returned to a ’Se tri chiad mile a ghabhadh e. Cha tog sin rough sort of energy, almost crude.” “ Sang ach mu chiad tigh ’sa bhliadhna agus tha na from memory. Expression laboured, becoming miltean ri thogail mu’m bi gach croitear bochd lifeless, though the effect was well meant. Con- fo chromadh tighe is airidh air a sheirbhis. Is ductor should beat 2 and not 4. In second obair latha toiseachd agus bhitheamaid uile song, good sense of rhythm and happy expres- toilichte na’m faiceamaid buidhinn chlach agus sion with some refinement.” “ Well sustained ruar a’ dol air aghaidh. Bhiodh teisteas againn and pleasing expression. With life. Intona- an sin air coimhlionadh a’ gheallaidh agus tion well maintained. In first song final verse bhiodh suil againn ris an t-saoghal nuadh air should fade away from sight and vision.” an do bhruadar sinn. Ach biodh na tighean “ Animated reading of first item. Strong, well air an togail air dhoigh a bhios cosmhuil ris an developed voices in this choir. Singing with duthaich agus a’ comh-fhreagairt do sgeadachdh freshness and enthusiasm. Expression suitably nam beann ’s nan srath. Is fearr iad a bhi varied in second song, though I would have beag boidheach na bhi mor grannda. An la a liked a little more of the cradling maternal feel- thig na nithean so uile gu ire anns a’ Ghaidheal- ing. Very satisfactory intonation.” “ The right tachd bidh againn sluagh toilichte agus air atmosphere in the first song. Expressing the thoiseach a’ chniadail ’sa ruagadh namhaid mother’s happiness and love. A free and bidh “Clanna nan Gaidheal ri guaillibh a thoroughly enjoyable picture, showing real feel- cheile.” Air aghaidh ma ta, gun tuille dail- ing and imagination. Ending rather abrupt, each, leis an obair mhaith. Biodh luingeas whereas it should fade away as a vision. Intona- luath air chuan a ghiulan sluagh is feudail, tion at fault in opening verse of second song, fearan fas fo bharr ’s fo fheur, agus bothain which I am willing to overlook. The expres- bhana fo sgail nam beann. ^ ^ sion was always happy and enjoyable.” Duet Singing.—“ Happy vocal blend, but expression over sad. Excellent intonation.” “ Overweighted by soprano. Less happy PUBLICATION FUND. blend.” “ Unfortunate start with faulty intona- A very substantial contribution to the above tion. An ineffective arrangement, too low for fund was made on behalf of Miss Gray Tod by male voices.” “ Overweighted by soprano. the Lady Helen Tod, Dunkeld, who handed a Male singer too restrained. Expression rigid cheque for £50 to the Convener at the close of and lifeless.” “ Not always together at start. the annual meeting in Edinburgh. The Com- Happy blend of voices. Musical arrangement mittee appreciate very much this generous con- less happy. Expression rather lifeless.” tribution, and their cordial thanks are due Miss “ Evidently experienced singers. Good musi- Tod for her splendid donation. In addition to cal blend and well varied expression, though sums already published is a surplus of £10 from inclined to sadness. Voices not always the Killin Branch Concert, Other Branches together, one often in front of the other. are organising concerts in aid of Publication (Melancholy expression of these duets. Strange funds. absence of happiness. The music seemed to AN DEO-GREINE. 35 be a series of laments and elegies. Essential sion of a beautiful air.” “ Melody of song com- function of music to give pleasure.) posed by the singer. Not only original, but of Solo Singing.—“ Memory and accompanied. real merit. Notes as written altered by Free, easy manner. Unorthodox position of singer.” “ Memory and unaccompanied. Voice hands. Expression rather lacking in variety, needing more control in order to avoid vibrato. but obviously sincere. Pleasing quality of An unusual, somewhat weird, but strangely voice.” “ Memory and accompanied. Nasal attractive air of real musical value.” “ Eriskay quality might be improved. Good idea of Love Lilt. Slow and over-laboured expression.” phrasing. Well controlled expression.” “ Singer who reaches the inner heart of the “ Memory and accompanied. Not always in music, and whose singing yesterday so favour- tune. Expression, however, earnest and sin- ably impressed us, and gained her the second cere.” “ Memory and accompanied. Manly prize after a severe competition.” “ Sympa- expression, frank, sincere. Heavy voice under thetic and refined expression.” “ ‘ Eriskay good control; of sympathetic quality.” Love Lilt.’ A richly sympathetic and musi- “ Memory. Natural easy manner. Not cally expressive voice. Agreeably natural and always in tune in lower notes. Not enough unaffected manner. Much pleased with her life.” “ Memory (almost) and unaccompanied. singing yesterday as well as to-day, though Bright and animated, with a good sense of suffering from slight hoarseness.” “ Fine sense phrasing.” “ Memory and unaccompanied. of phrasing and legato sustained singing. Rich Free and natural manner. Good idea of sus- contralto voice of much promise that will gain tained phrasing, with agreeable variety of much by the development of more sympathetic expression. Sympathetic quality of voice.” expression.” “ Expression at present hard and “ Fairy song from ‘ Songs of the Hebrides.’ needs development.” (Extraordinary musical Sang with pleasing variety of expression. Voice feast. Own feeling—sufficient for the day is well under control. Uncertain in places.” the music.) “ Accompanied. Voices inclined (Very satisfying to hear these songs sung by the to hardness, though clear and firm, and evidently voice alone.) “ Expression restrained and quite natural and unaffected. Expression monotonous. Quality not always satisfactory.” seems to require more sympathy.” “ Unaccom- “ An enjoyable sense of rhythm. Clear natural panied. Singer with sincere emotion, making voice.” “ Quality of voice not uniformly satis- it difficult to find any fault. Satisfied to lose factory, though the expression always natural oneself in the enchantment of the music and the and sincere. Must beware of straining the art of the singer.” “ Unaccompanied. Un- sentiment by allowing a break in the voice.” affected, agreeable manner of singing, but want- “ Well sustained expression and mellow quality ing more imagination.” “ Of real musical of voice.” “ Rich musical quality. Able to interest, if the actual rendering left something hold the audience spell-bound. No effort to to be desired.” “ Piano accompaniment. seek for effect. Natural, delightful singing.” Effect unsatisfactory owing to weak musical “ Memory and unaccompanied. Rich mellow setting.” “ Unaccompanied. Free and natural voice. Natural and earnest expression.” manner, but requiring more vocal sympathy.” “ Memory and unaccompanied. Expression “ Vibrato. Voice needs more control, and inclined to hardness.” “ Memory and unaccom- should not be forced; otherwise of rich quality.” panied. Rich expressive and sympathetic “ Unaccompanied. Well varied expression voice, always musical. Natural and sincere, and some imagination, but a little more real leading us to the free open-air life of the islands emotion would have given her a higher place.” whose heart she revealed as if by the spell of “ Why piano accompaniment, which interfered enchantment.” “ Memory and unaccompanied. with the art of the singer, where voice was Limited quality of voice and range of expres- sympathetic in the early class ? ” “ Piano sion. Under admirable control.” “ Memory accompaniment spoiled the music and was no and unaccompanied. Small voice, but the help to the singer.” “Humorous song. If so right atmosphere and expression for the Lament. the singer is to be congratulated.” “ Piano Really moving emotion of sadness.” “ Fairy accompaniment. Intonation weak.” “ Unac- song. Voice needs more control.” “ Hard to companied. Would have been really effective explain the special attractiveness of this singer, if the singer had memorised his words and sung for the expression is often lacking in refinement. with more conviction.” “ Piano accompani- Yet it is frankly an open-air voice that would ment. Natural and unaffected manner, but be heard in the mountain-side with peculiar awe unfortunately out of tune on the high notes and fascination. The real Folk-song voice.” through forcing the voice.” (In this class all “ Memory and unaccompanied. Over-free with the songs should have been sung by the voice the rhythm. Sympathetic and refined expres- alone without any accompaniment.) 36 AN DEO-GREINE. By Rev. T. S. Macpherson. sound for a definite consonantal syllable, undue That An Comunn has achieved something nasality of vowel sounds, etc., explain the during the past quarter of a century was inferior position in which the Native Speaker amply proved at the Edinburgh Mod. The sometimes stands as compared with the Learner. standard of Gaelic attained was considerably Judges should not be blamed for severely higher than it was even seven years ago, and penalising those who should know better. one acknowledges with tliankfulness that the On the whole, however, the faults indicated interest in the language stimulated and fostered are much less frequent than they were, and the by Comunn activities continues to increase and task of the Gaelic Judge is correspondingly to bear fruit. more difficult. For my own part, I found it But it would be unfortunate if the impres- necessary to lay more stress than formerly upon sion should prevail that anything approaching other and probably more important qualities. perfection has been reached. There is much The Judge of Music is as a rule innocent of good land yet to be possessed. Indeed, we Gaelic, and this circumstance imposes upon the have done little more tlian occupy the borders Gaelic Judge the task of apportioning its pro- thereof, and we have a long way to go ere we per value to Expression. The softer or stronger actually possess it in the length of it and the rendering, the rise or fall of the voice according breadth of it. The operation of the new to the sentiment of the words, the dramatic Education Act, with its specific provision for interpretation of the emotions expressed in the Gaelic teaching should, after a lapse of some song, the expression of the face, even the pose years, give us a nearer view of the promised of the body, combine to produce a cumulative land. effect, and it sometimes happens that a singer In former years the task of the Gaelic Adjudi- showing a greater or less degree of merit in cator was a comparatively easy one. It these respects succeeds in neutralising his or required no great effort of concentration' to her defects in regard to merely technical cor- differentiate between Learners and Native rectness. An imperfect human being is better Speakers. Bias na Beurla easily betrays itself. than a perfect automaton. We can tolerate a And within both classes there was considerable gramophone only when there is nothing better variety in the standard attained by individual to be had. competitors. In the case of Learners, it was May I warn Gaelic singers against all manner not difficult to discover where painstaking of affectation ? To hear a native (let us say) of effort had succeeded in overcoming defects of Argyll pronounce the English word “ praise ” as pronunciation, while in the case of native if it were “ prize ” is exasperating. To submit speakers, faults in regard to enunciation, disre- Gaelic to such indignity is sacrilege! gard of consonantal values and a general care- The judging of choral singing presents d’ffi- lessness of expression afforded the Gaelic Judge culties of its own. Speaking generally, the a wide scope. In these respects, the higher usual faults are lack of uniformity in pronuncia- standard of this year rendered the Judge’s task tion and lack of unity in expression. While more difficult—a circumstance upon which An individual competitors are not penalised for Comunn is entitled to congratulate itself. dialectic peculiarities, varieties of dialect in a Let it not, however, be concluded that either choir must involve a loss of marks. It may Learner or Native Speaker has not much more happen that the fault is more apparent in choirs to learn. The former still finds difficulty in composed of native speakers than in others. giving their Gaelic value to the consonants t, The choir trainer should set his own standard d, b, g, while the liquid 1 is heard in its purely and insist upon its adoption by each member of English rendering instead of the faintly his choir. aspirated 11. The vocalic combination an continues to be a stone of stumbling. A word like laogh (discreetly avoided wherever pos- By Mr. Hugh S. Roberton. sible by astute competitors) affords an illustra- My first visit to the Mod was a pleasing and tion of several of these faults. Again, the inspiring experience. It is probably not too gutturals ch and <)h give trouble—e.g., mo much to say that the Gaels have a richer rhnbhrakan for mo chubhrachan ■, mo gaol for heritage of song and tradition than any other mo ghaol. race. That there is in present-day Gaeldom a While the Native Speaker is all but faultless growing appreciation of the value and worth of jn these respects, he and she still lose marks that heritage is a good and hopeful sign. Com- because of slovenliness in enunciation. The mercial supremacy or worldly prosperity would usual faults of colloquialism, hasty indistinct be dearly bought did the price mean the sur- utterance, the substitution of a vague vocalic render of those deep springs of emotion and AN DEO-GREINE. »7 romance whence, after all, the chief glory of Na brie a’ leum le aarh ’san t-sruth the Gaels come. My work was exclusively con- Tha slor-ruith sios o’n bheinn. fined to vocal solos in the shape of songs and “ mouth music.” It was clear that the singers Is chi mi. tiir na h-eaglais bhig loved the songs. There were many really A’ bristeadh troimh nan craobh; excellent voices, particularly among the women. Mo mhile beannachd leis an ait As happens too often, the possessors of the best A dhuisgaas iomadh smaoin. voices were not always the best singers. Good 0 tha mo shuil ri taobh an lar tone is not sufficient, nor good phrasing, nor Gach am dol fodha grein’, good enunciation. These may be displayed Oir’s ann an sin a tha mo chridh’ par excellence, and still leave the listener cold. A ghnath ’nam dhiithaich fhein. We want the song and the singer as well. The' Is tha gach craobh a’ smeideadh rium sons' is as a leathern vessel into which the ’S gach lusan boidheach maoth ; singer pours his or her feeling—be it tears, or Is oagar diomhar guth nan allt— rapture, or laughter, or the wash of waves, or “ O till gu tir do ghaoil! ” the ringing call to battle. Pour! mark you, Seumas MacGaradh. measuredly, skilfully, not in bouts and driblets, Es Sulaik, Mesopotamia, September, 1919. not in unbridled excess, so that the vessel runs over or topples over, nor in such timid, yielding tliat the sides of the vessel sag and the vessel GAELIC IN IRELAND. itself collapses. It seemed to me tliat here the singers as a The Ulster CollegeCo. Donegal. or Irish, Cloghaneely, whole wanted guidance, and, judging from the Notwithstanding the unsettled nature of the attention paid to Professor Bantock’s remarks political atmosphere in. Ireland, and the deplor- and to my own, the singers are clearly anxious able incidents that liave recently happened, the to have it. Ulster College of Irish appears to be flourish- The “ mouth music ” was of special interest ing. This College was established 13 years to me, and I shall not readily forget some of ago by Dail Ulas (the Ulster Gaelic Union) as the performances; their magnetic swing and the outcome of a general desire to create in an their irresistible rhythmic infectiousness. Ulster centre of spoken Irish an institute for The last feature to which I desire to refer the training of teachers, and for the general was the fine spirit of the meeting, resembling, advancement of Irish as spoken in Ulster. In as it did, a happy family gathering. This, it carrying out these objects, it appears to have seems to me, is something to build on, some- been eminently successful. Nearly 3,000 thing to be sedulously cultivated—the least students have passed through its classes since tangible feature of the meeting, and for that its inception. Our own Comunn Gaidhealach reason (as all Gaels should know) the one likely attempted something of the same kind a few to be most enduring. years ago. We called it a summer school, but, I hope at some future time to deal more like the last rose of summer, it withered and exhaustively with the work of the “Mod.” died through apathy, not on the part of its pro- moters, but on the part of the students. The teaching staff of the College are distinguished MO DHUTHAICH FHEIN. University graduates, and its certificates are recognised by the Irish National Board of ’S i Albainn do’n d’thug mi smuain Education. The scheme of studies provides for ’S mi ’nochd an diithaich chein, an Elementary Class, an Intermediate Class, a Air bilean mdr an fhasaich luim Certificate Class, and also a Diploma in advanced Cho fad o’m dhiithaich fhein. Irish studies which will take into considera- tion the requirements of students who intend Tha tir mo ghraidh air astar bhuam taking honours in Irish at the B.A. examina- Thar chuan ro fhada siar; tion N.U.I., or Q.U.B. A special feature of the Cha ’n fliaic mo shuil na beanntan ard College is the care taken to provide lodging for ’S na gleanntan feurach, fiar. students, especially those hailing from Scot- Ach chi mi ris le suil mo chuimhn’ land. The 1919 session closed in September. An t-ait san robh mi 6g, The College would like to enrol students from Am bothan ban ’san caochan ciiiin Scotland anxious to study Irish, and thus culti- Far ’bheil na h-e‘6in ag 61. vate a spirit of fraternity among Gaels from An sealladh learn as fearr ’san t-saoghal both sides of Sruth na Maoile, while at the same Blath dearer an fhraoich ’sa ghleann; time promoting their respective languages. 38 AN DEO-GHEINE. ALASDAIR, MAC AN IMPIRE. ALASDAIR, THE SON OF THE EMPEROR. Bha Impire ann roimhe so, agus is e Alasdair There was ere now an Emperor, whose son a bha air a mhac, agus cha robh duine cloinne was called Alasdair, and he had no children but aige ach e. him. Thug © sgoil is ionnsachadh da, thar rnoran He gave him schooling and education, more chlann ridirean, agus righrean eile, air chor ’s than most children of other knights and kings receive, so that he could even understand [the gu’n tuigeadh e na h-eoin. language of ] birds. Chaidh iad a mach a ghabhail sraid, latha, as One day after dinner they went out to take a deidh an trath-noin, agus gu de tbachair orra walk, and what did they meet but a bird ach eun air craoibh, a’ bruidhinn. perched on a tree, talking. Dh’ fhoighnich an t-Impire de a mhac, gu de The Emperor asked his son what the bird was bha an t-eun a’ cantuinn. saying. “ Is coma learn gu de tha an t-eun a’ “ I dislike what the bird says very much: it cantuinn: is motha chuir sin de mhio-thlachd has caused me more displeasure than the orm, na a atharrach.” reverse.” “ Innis de tha e ’cantuinn! ” “ Tell me what it is saying.” “ Innsidh mi sin duibh o’n a tha sibh ’ga “ I will tell you since you desire it,” quoth iarraidh,” ars a mhac, “ is e tha e ’cantuinn the son. “ What it says is, that you in time gu’m bi sibh-se fhathasd a’ cumail a bhason to come will hold the bason for me, and my rium, agus mo mhathair a’ cumail an rubair, mother will hold the towel, while I wash my fhad ’s a bhios mi ’glanadh m’ aodainn.” face.” Chaidh iad an so thar a cheile. Thereupon they quarrelled with each other. Dhealaich a mliac ris an Impire, ’us ghabh e His son parted from the Emperor, and went air falbh. Dh’ fhag e an rioghachd, ’us chaidh away. He left the kingdom, and went to e do rioghachd eile. Stad e ann am baile bha another. He stopped in a certain town and an sin, ’us ghabh e ’na mhaighstir-sgoil. Bha became a schoolmaster. People used to ask iad a ’foighneachd deth, gu de an t-ainm ’us an him what his name and surname was, but he sloinneadh a bha air, ’us cha d’ innis e ni mu a would never say anything about himself, but dheidhinn fhein, ach thuirt e riu gur e merely told them that he had been called “ Domhnall Sgoilear ” a theireadh iad ris anns “ Donald Scholar ” in the place he had left. * an aite a dh’ fhag e. * Bha e tri bliadhna ’sa bhaile sin, agus bha ’n He spent three years in that town, and his uine aige a mach. Dh’ fhalbh e gu baile eile, time had now run out. He set off to another ’us chaidh e gu tigh duine uasail. Thachair an town, and went to the house of a gentleman. duine uasal a muigh ris. While out the gentleman met him. “ Seadh,” ars an duine uasal, “ co as a thainig “ Well,” said the gentleman, “ whence comes an coigreach nach ’eil mi ’g aithneachadh 1 ” the stranger whom I do not recognise ? ” “ Thainig mi as a leithid so de bhaile.” “ I come from such and such a town.” “ Cha ’n ’eil fhios nach tu [am] maighstir “ I don’t know but that thou art the school- sgoil a bha ’sa bhaile sin.” master who dwelt in that town.” “ Is mi.” “ I am.” “ Bha moladh mor aca air a’ mhaighstir sgoil “ They spoke highly of the schoolmaster of a bha ’sa bhaile sin.” that town.” “ Bha mi meadhonach maith.” “ I was fairly good.” “ Cha ’n ’eil canain nach ’eil aig a’ mhaighstir “ There is no language that the schoolmaster sgoil a bha an siod.” in question does not know.” “ Bha roinn agam diubh.” “ I just know a few.” “ Gu de an t-ainm a th’ ort 1 ” “ What is thy natne ? ” “ Tha orm—Domhnall Sgoilear.” “ I am called—Donald Scholar.” “ B’ fhearr learn gu ’n deanadh tu fasdadh “ I would that thou wouldst accept service rium fhein airson mo chlann ’ionnsachadh ann with me, in order to educate and school my an sgoil.” children.” “ Tha mi coma ged a ni.” “ I don’t mind if I do.” Rinn e fasdadh tri bliadhna ris an duine He engaged to serve for three years with the uasal. Bha triiiir nigheanan aig an duine gentleman. The gentleman had three daughters Alasdair, desirous of concealing his identity, adopts an alias. AN DEO-GREINE. 39 uasal, agus dithis gliillean ri sgoil ’fhaotainn. and two sons, who were all to be educated. The Thuirt e ris an duine nasal gu ’n robh an tuath schoolmaster told the gentleman that the airson an claim a chur d’a ionnsuidh, agus gu’m tenantry were desirous of sending their children b’e an aon rud da san e, agus gu’m bitheadh am to him [for schooling] and that as it was all one paidheadh aige [aig: an duine uasal] fhein. to him, the gentleman might have the payment. “ Gabh iad, agus bitheadli am paidheadh agad “ Take them and have the payment thyself,” fliin,” ars an duine uasal. Ghabh e clann an quoth the gentleman. So he took the children tuath a stigh ’na sgoil, comhla ri clann an duine of the tenantry into his school along with those uasail. of the gentleman. Bha ’n nighean a b’ oige a bha aig an duine The youngest daughter that the gentleman uasal deidheil air ionnsachadh, ’us bha i had was very fond of learning, and used to stay ’fuireach a stigh an deidh chaich. Thuirt each in after the others. The others told their ri am mathair gu’n robh Domhnall Sgoilear a’ mother that Donald Scholar was keeping their eumail a stigh am peathar ’n an deidh-san. sister in after they had gone. The lady told Dh’ innis a bhean do’n duine uasal e. Thug her husband, who accordingly attacked Donald an duine uasal an aghaidh air Domhnall. on the matter. “ Cha robh raise ’ga cumail a stigh,” [thuirt “ I have not been keeping her in,” [said Domhnall,] “ ach gu’n robh toil aice fhin cuairt Donald,] “ but the fact was that she herself a bhi aice a bharrachd air gin diubh, ’us cha wished to have more lessons than any of the robh ni sam bith an aire dhuinn anns an dbigh others, and we had no intention of that [the ■sin idir.” thing to which you refer] at all.” “ Tha mi ’creidsinn; cha chreidien a “ I well believe it; I would never believe the chaoehladh ort.” reverse of thee.” “ Cha robh dad de dhroch ni fainear domh.” “ I had no evil in view at all.” Ann an eeann iiine eile, thainig neach ’us At the end of some further time, some one else thuirt e ris an duine uasal gu’n robh e ’ga cumail came and told the gentleman that Donald was a stigh. keeping her in. Thug an duine uasal an aghaidh air a rithisd. The gentleman attacked him again on the matter. “ Cha ’n ’eil raise ’ga cumail a stigh.” “ I am not keeping her in.” “ Tha thusa ’ga cumail a stigh—is fearr learn “ Thou art keeping her in. I had rather pay do phaidheadh deth, ’us thu bhi ’falbh.”— thee off and that thou didst go away.”—“ Give “ Domhsa mo phaidheadh, ma ta, ’us bidh mi m'e my pay, then, and I will be going,” ’falbh.” Chaidh iad gu trod. They began to quarrel. “ Cha ’n ’eil fhios ’am,” arsa Domhnall, “ nach Says Donald, “ I would not be too sure that tugadh thu dhomh i, air dheas laimh thou wilt not give her to me yet, and that by fhathasd.” * her right hand.” * Dhealaich iad, ’us dh’ fhalbh Domhnall. Dh’ They separated, and Donald went away. She fhalbh ise as a dheidh. Dh’ fhebraich i dheth went after him. She asked him in which gu de an taobh a bha e ’dol. “ Tha mi ’dol do direction he was going. “ I am going to the na h-Innsean an lar,” ars esan. Thuirt i ris West Indies,” quoth he. She thereupon said an so, “ Sgriobhaidh raise litir do d’ ionnsuidh to him, “ I will write a letter to thee as soon as cho luath’s a dh’ fhaodas mi, agus sgriobhaidh ever I may, and do thou write to me.” tusa do m’ ionnsuidh-sa.” “ C’ aite an cuir mi i ? ” “ Where shall I send it 1 ” “ Cuiridh tu a dh’ ionnsuidh mo mhuime i.” “ Send it to my foster-mother.” Rainig e am baile m6r, agus sheol e do na He came to the big town, and sailed for h-Innsean an lar. An uair a rainig e, fhuair the West Indies. When he got there, he e deagh aite leis an sgoil a bha aige. Sgrlobh obtained a good place with the education he e d’a h-ionnsuidh-sa. Chuir ise litir air a h-ais had. He wrote to her. She sent a letter d’a ionnsuidh-san. Bha e tri bliadhna aig an back to him. He was three years with the aona mhaighstir, ’us bha litir air a h-ais ’us air a same master, and letters were going back- h-aghaidh fad nan tri bliadhna. An ceann tri wards and forwards all those three- years. bliadhna chuir e brath d’ a h-ionnsuidh, i bhi At the end of the three years he sent her word ’deanamh deiseil air a shon, gu’n robh e ’dol a to be getting ready for him, that he was going thilleadh. to return. (R’a leantuinn.) (To be Continued.) Alasdair, alias Donald, prophesies. 40 AN DEO-GREINE. THE TEACHING OF GAELIC. charge their statutory obligations in regard to Gaelic in an intelligent and sympathetic spirit, and they must in fairness recollect that they POSITION UNDER THE EDUCATION ACT. had to deal with a difficult situation, for which they were not responsible. They were already Education in the Highlands formed the sub- faced with a serious position financially, and ject of a conference held under the auspices of they would meet other difficulties. None of An Comunn Gaidhealach in the Goold Hall, these, however, should be insuperable. They Edinburgh, on October 11th. Mf Malcolm were not hostile to English. They recognised MacLeod presided over a good attendance. to the full the advantages, cultural and other- Professor Watson, Edinburgh, opened the wise, to be derived from a knowledge of conference with a paper on the teaching of English, and they had no desire that any Gaelic- Gaelic. He pointed out that the official atti- speaking child should be" deprived of these tude to Gaelic, in Scotland had been substanti- advantages. But they desired to put first ally the same ever, since the Education Act of things first, and they hold, in common with all 1872 was passed. The policy had been to educationists, that the first thing a child should ignore the claims of Gaelic to be taught as an learn was his or her mother tongue, that ordinary, school subject in Gaelic-speaking dis- instruction should be based on the mother tricts ; and to have children whose mothei tongue and communicated through it. Gaelic tongue was Gaelic, and who thought in Gaelic, Scotland was far from being uniform linguisti- and who continued to think in Gaelic all cally, and it was clear that the same method through their lives, taught in precisely the could not be reasonably applied throughout. same way as children whose language was In divisions in which Gaelic was predominant, English. The results of that policy had been the children should start with Gaelic, and for that very many children had grown up illiterate the earlier years of school life receive instruc- in respect both of Gaelic and English. The tion wholly in and through Gaelic. A begin- smattering of English which they acquired ning might be made with English as a foreign gave them no power to appreciate English language, at first orally, about the age of ten literature; their English was the stock phrase or later, certainly not earlier. He would on of the market and the shop. The latest census no account confuse beginners by putting bi- report stated that 73 per cent, of the children lingual text-books into their hands. When the of the Isles entered school without any know- child had received some linguistic training in ledge of English. For the great majority of his own language, the study of English might these Gaelic remained the language of thought begin seriously and profitably. In regard to and of ordinary intercourse, but they could not districts that Were approximately bilingual, he write a Gaelic letter, and if some of them here thought each school area should be considered and there were able to read the Bible in their on its merits from an educational point of view. native language, that was not due to our school Where Gaelic, on the whole, was the language system, but in spite of it. It became increas- of the home, it should also be the language of ingly clear that there was little, if any, hope for the earlier years of school, English coming Gaelic in our schools so long as the matter was later. The importance of the continuation- a question of administration. When, there- classes must be insisted on as a means for build- fore, a new Education Bill for Scotland was ing up what was begun in school. brought forward, they saw that the time had come to secure for Gaelic a statutory position INTENSIVE COURSES FOR TEACHERS. which would remove it from the chances of Proceeding to speak of the supply of teachers administrative apathy. qualified to give instruction in Gaelic, he said he was sure the number of teachers who were DIFFICULTIES TO BE FACED. qualified by attainment and training to teach So far as Gaelic was concerned, they had to Gaelic intelligently and successfully was vastly do mainly with five Education Authorities, short of the requirements. The first practical dealing with the counties of Sutherland, Ross steps towards obtaining teachers was for the and Cromarty, Inverness, Argyll, and Perth. Education Authorities to see that every junior It was satisfactory to note that three important student centre in their respective areas pro- areas', Ross and Cromarty, Inverness, and vided instruction in Gaelic. On successfully Argyll, were provided with executive officers completing the course at a central school, the who were not only Gaelic-speaking, but, as they junior student proceeded to the training centre, had reason to believe, were ready to give the either Aberdeen, Edinburgh, Glasgow, or St. language its proper place. They were entitled Andrews. At the present time Glasgow was to assume that the new authorities would dis- the only training centre which made any provi- AN DEO-GREINE. 41 siou for its students in Gaelic. That was the summer schools for Gaelic. As to the proposed second step. In order to carry out the Act, conference, he thought there ought to be a every training centre must make arrangements serious conference between representatives of whereby its students, such of them as were all the Education Authorities involved. qualified, might receive further instruction in It was ultmiately agreed that such a confer- Gaelic with special reference to their require- ence should be arranged. ments as teachers. It was clear that if all this was done, and done at once, the effect would Although it is somewhat late in appearing, it only be very gradual and slow, while the need will be of interest to our readers to note the was pressing. He. ventured to think that still names of distinguished scholars who believe in more vigorous measures were necessary. He the teaching of Gaelic in Highland schools. thought that there was a very strong case for The following, not all being Highlanders, intensive courses in Gaelic, with special refer- ence to the purposes of schools, to be attended signed the petition promoted by An Comunn by the teachers of the Gaelic-speaking areas, at when the Education Bill was going through the public expense. , Parliament: — Mrs. Burnley Campbell of Ormidale remarked C. F.turer Harley in Classics,Walker, ArmstrongM.A.B., Lit. College, Oxon., New-Lec- that Professor Watson’s advice was the best castle-on-Tyne. and really the first advice she had heard from a C. W. Wrenn, B.A., Oxon., Lecturer in Durham Highlander in regard to the carrying out of University. that part of the Education Act relating to W. A. Craigie, M.A., LL.D., Professor of Anglo- Gaelic. She would, however, like to know JamesSaxon, Morrison, Oxford. M.A., Ph.D., Librarian, Indian what the first steps should be towards getting Institute, Shotover Cottage, Headington a practical result of the wording in the Act con- Quarry, Oxon. cerning the teaching of Gaelic. Fred.LL.D., C. Conyheare,Oxford. M.A., , Oxon., F.B.A. CONFERENCE OF EDUCATIONISTS. John MacLeod,G. Mackendrick, I.S.O., RetiredM.D., H.M.I.S.LL.D., F.R.S., Mr Roderick MacLeod, Inverness, suggested F.R.S.E., M.R.I., Retired Professor of as a practical measure that An Comunn should GranvillePhysiology, Bantock, Stonehaven. M.A., The University, Bir- appoint a committee to meet at Dingwall, Inver- mingham. ness, or Perth, and that the Directors of Educa- P. J. Anderson, M.A., LL.D., Librarian to the tion of the different counties be invited to that University, Aberdeen. meeting. The views and opinions of An J. H. Muirhead, LL.D., Professor of Philosophy, Comunn could then be brought before these sallUniversity, Common. Birmingham, Coventry. The Rowans, Bal- gentlemen. Sir William Ashley, The University. Birming- Rev. Dr. MacLennan, Edinburgh, observed ham. that the Education Authority had no option in Raymond-Beazley, D.Litt., M.R.A.S., Pro- this matter. The Act stated that they must Alfredfessor Hayes, of Modern M.A., Oxon.,History, Principal Birmingham. of Bir- provide for the teaching of Gaelic. Gaelic had mingham and Midland Institute. got its foot in, and there was no man who could F. C. Lea, D.S.C., M.S.C., Professor of Civil put it out. In regard to finding teachers, he Engineering, University of Birmingham. would suggest that a selection of their best R. F. C. Leith, M.B., F.R.C.P.E., M.Sc., Pro- teachers be brought into Edinburgh or Glasgow- versity,fessor of Birmingham. Pathology and Bacteriology, Uni- and put through intensive training. After that Alfred Huges, M.A., Professor of Anatomy, Uni- they should be sent abroad through the High- versity of Birmingham. lands as itinerary teachers in the various Sir Harry R, Reichal, M.A., LL.D., Principal centres. That would tide them over the initial of the University College, North Wales. stages until the training centres would turn out 0. H. Fynes Clinton, M.A., Professor of French sufficient teachers. J. W.and Davis, Romance, Ph.D., North D.D., Wales. Professor of Semitic. After further discussion, Professor Watson, in Languages, North Wales. reply, said he thought the first step in any T. Hudson Williams, D.Litt.. Professor of Greek, county would be to take stock of the present North Wales. situation. They should see how many teachers JohnHistory, Edward North Wyd, Wales.M.A., D.Litt., Professor of they had who were qualified to teach Gaelic E. Taylor Jones, D.Sc., Professor of Physics, and what was being done already. They could North Wales. f get their higher grade schools to teach Gaelic Reginald W. Phillips, M.A., D.Sc., Professor of so as to turn out a supply of teachers ; and Botany, North Wales. representations could be made to the training James Gibson. M.A., Professor of Philosophy, centres to give attention to the subject. In Sir NorthJohn Wales.Morris Jones, M.A., Protessoi-nr of addition, they might adopt the principle of the Welsh, North Wales. 42 AN DEO-GREINE.. John Harrower, M.A., LL.D., Professor of cha ’n ’eil fhios again am faca tu foid mona Greek, University, Aberdeen. riamh. Ma ta tha learn nach urrainn dhomh H. M. D. Reid, D.D., P.E.I.S., Professor of deanadh ni’s fhearr na innseadh dhuit mu “ La G. Miligan,Divinity, D.D.,University, Professor Glasgow. of Biblical Criti- aig buain na mona.” cism, Glasgow. Air a’ mhiosa so ’chaidh bha seachduinn no Herbert Smith, M.A., Ph.D., Lecturer in Ger- ’dha de shid bhriagh, thiorm ann agus thubliairt man, Glasgow. m’ athair ruinn nam biodh la math ann Di- T. S.Glasgow. Patterson, Lecturer in Organic Chemistry, sathuirne gu’m feumamaid dol a bhuain na Gilbert A. Davis, M.A., Professor of Greek, mdna. Thainig an la agus bha e cho grianach Glasgow. boidheach ’sa dh’ iarradh duine sam bith e bhi. George A. Gibson, M.A., LL.D., Professor of Tha am Blar-mbr mar a their sinn ris mu mhile Mathematics, Glasgow. air asdar o’n tigh. Lion sinn bascaid mor le JamesJ. S. Phillimore, Cooper, D.D., Professor Litt.D., of ProfessorLatin, Glasgow. of Eccl. gu leoir de dh’ aran agus de bhainne air son ar History, Glasgow. dinneir agus ghabh sinn air falbh chun na mona. George Calder, B.D., D.Litt., Lecturer in Celtic, Nuair a rainig sinn am blar thoisich m’ athair Glasgow. air buain na mona. Rinn e so le seorsa de spaid L. Anderson.lege, Cambridge. Master of Conville and Cain Col- mhof gheur a bh’ aige. Thuit na foidean a sios, J. S. Reid. Litt.D., F.B.A., Professor of Ancient thog an corr dhuinne iad agus thug sinn a mach History, Cambridge. leinn iad piosa math o’n bhruach. Chuir sinn Clifford Anbutt, F.R.S., Regius Prof, of Physics, ’nan luidhe ris a’ ghrian iad, a thiormachadh an Cambridge. sin. Dh’ oibrich sinn mar so gus an robh an FrancisLibrarian, J. H. Cambridge. Jenkinson, M.A., University t-am ann ar dineir a ghabhail. Shuidh sinn P. Giles. Litt.D., Master of Emmanuel College, sios air an fheur agus ghabh sinn deadh Cambridge. dhinneir, oir chuir ar n’ obair an t-acras oimn. H. M. Chadwick, Professor of Anglo-Saxon, An deigh sin thoisich sinn a rithisd agus cha do Cambridge. stad sinn gu sia uairean. Thubhairt a h-uile EdwardF.B.A.. G. ProfessorBrowne, ofM.A. Arabic, M.B., Cambridge. F.R.C.P., duine an sin gu’n robh e sgith agus gu ’n robh E. C. Quiggen, M.A., Mnnro Lecturer in Celtic an t-am againn stad, chionn gu’n robh asdar and Fellow of Gonville and Cains, Cam- fada againn ’ra dhol. Rinn sinn deas agus ann bridge. am beagan nine thog sinn ar rathad oirnu J. G. Evans. M.A., D.Litt,. Editor of Old Welsh dhachaidh. Bha sinn gle sgith mu ’n d’ rainig Texts. Tremvan, North Wales. sinn agus theid mi’n urras gun do chaidil sinn W. P.Oxon. Ker. F.B.A., Fellow of All Souls College, gu math air an oidhche sin. Norman Moore, M.D., President of the Royal Nis dh’ innis mi an so dhuit mu bhuain na College of Physicians of London. mona agus tha mi ’n dochas gu ’n toir e toileachadh dhuit a leughadh. B’ fhearr learn gu ’n tigeadh tu fhein do’n duthaich gu goirid JUVENILE PRIZE PAPERS. agus chitheadh tu moran a bu toil leat fhaicinn. Tha mr iiine thun a bhi suas a nis agus cha LA AIG BUAIN NA MONA. mhath leam an duine a tha ’dol a thoirt leis mo (Le Mairi Nic ’Ille Mhaoil, Dearbhaig.) litir a chumail a’ feitheamh orm. Sgriobh a (Choisinn an litir so a’ cheud duals aig Mod, rithisd ’a’m ionnsuidh cho luath’s is urrain duit, 1919.) Le bhi ’cuir moran bheannachdan ad ionnsuidh. Tighsgoiil Dhoirebheag, Is mise daonnan, Muile. Do bhana-charaid dhileas, A’ cheud la fichead de ’n mbiosa “ Doire Donn.” mheadhonach an t-Samhraidh, 1919. Mo charaid ghradhach, LA AIG BUAIN NA MONA. Fhuair mi do litir chaoimhneil (Le Iain MacDhomhnull, an t-Ath-leathann.) oidhcbe Dhi luain agus bha mi ro-thoilichte a Tigh an Uillt, faotainn. Bha thu ag iarraidh orm gu ’n An dara duals, Mod 1919. innsinn duit mu thimchioll na duthcha agus an A charaid, obair a th’ againn an so. Ma ta, tha gu leoir Tha mi a sgriobhadh ad ionnsuidh de dh’ obair againn ’ra dheanadh aig a h-uile am ag innseadh dhuit mar a chuir mi seachad la aig de ’n bhliadhna gu sonruichte ’san Earrach agus buain na mona. Dh’ eirich mi trath ’s ’s an Fhgoharadh, agus is toil learn fhein ’bhi ’g mhaduinn agus rinn mi mi fein deiseil air sort obair a mach ’nuair a gheibh mi cothrom. Tha falbh. Bha moran de dhaoine eile a falbh mi cinnteach nach robh thu riamh a’ buain mona, maille rium agus thug sinn leinn biadh a dh’ AN DEO-GREINE. 43 itheadh sinn aig am diimeir. Bha an la gu James MacKellar, 13 Broompark Terrace, maith agus mar so chuir sinn seachad la cridheil. Dennistoun. An uair a rainig sinn an t-ait© anns an robh Duncan MacLeod, “ Arthurlie,” Beech Avenue, sinn a dol ga buain, thoisich sinn air a rusgadh. Dumbreck. An uair a ruisg sinn aon pholl thoisicli cuid Malcolm MacLeod, 5 Church Road, Ibrox. againn air a buain. Bha mi fein agus dithis Rev. T. S. MacPherson, 18 Wilson Street, Hill- eile ga rusgadh fad an la agus bha each ga head. buain. P. MacDougall Pullar, 92 Kirkcaldy Road, Max- • An uair a bha an dinneir deiseil shuidh sinn well Park, Glasgow. uile air cnocan uaine agus ghabh sinn ar leor de Archd. Stewart, “ Bunrannoch,” Cambuslang. bhiadh. An uair a bha an dinneir seachad rinn Professor W. J. Watson, M.A., LL.D., 8 Spence sinn buidheanan, agus thoisich sinn air blar Street, Edinburgh. phloc. Bha sinn a dalladh air a cheile gus an William MacKay, LL.D., 19 Union Street, robh sinn sgith. Fhuair mi fein aon phloc, Inverness. mor, bog tarsainn mu na suilean agus cha mhor Roderick MacLeod, 10 Drummond Street, nach do dhall e mi. Cha robh an sin ach aon Inverness. de na mhoran a fhuair mi. Bha mi ga’ J. P. Grant, yr., of Rothiemurchus. faotainn mu na cluasan, agus mu na cheann Miss Campbell of Invemeill, Ardrishaig. agus anns gach ait air an smaointicheadh d’ Robert MaeFarlan, Dumbarton. thu. Miss Campbell of Succoth, Garscube. An uair a bha am blar seachad, thoisich sin ri Neil Orr, F.E.I.S., Headmaster, Duddingston. buain na mona a ris. Bha sinn ga buain gus Mrs. W. J. Watson, 8 Spence Street, Edinburgh. an robh am feasgar aim agus chuir sinh raoin A. B. Ferguson, 2 Havelock Street, Ibrox. mhaith mhonadh as ar deidh. Is e so na tha Mrs. Burnley-Campbell of Ormidale, Colin- agam ra innseadh dhuit. traive. Is mise do charaid, Rev. M. N. Munro, M.A., U.F. Manse, Taynuilt. Alasdair Breac. John N. MacLeod, The Schoolhouse, Errogie, Note.—The foregoing papers are given as Stratherrick. 'written by the competitors. Rev. John MacLachlan, The Manse, Lochcarron. J. S. Mackay, 11 Bellfield Road, Stirling. Alexander Fraser, 53 Park Drive So., Whiteinch. Rev. Wm. MacPhail, The Manse, Kilbrandon, AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH. Oban. Colin Sinclair, 35 Clifford Street, Bellahouston. LIST OF EXECUTIVE COUNCIL 1919-20. Wm. Cameron, 12 Hawthorn Road, Elgin. President. Standing Committees. Rev. George W. Mackay, M.A., The Manse, Education—H. F. Campbell (Convener), Killin. Malcolm Maeleod, Mrs. Bumley-Campbell, Roderick MacLeod, Angus Robertson, Dr. W. Vice-Presidents. J. Watson, T. D. MacDonald, Donald MacLean, Donald Macphie, F.E.I.S., Dullatur. J. N. MacLeod, Rev. D. Macfarlane, Miss Juliet H. F. Campbell, 25 Union Terrace, Aberdeen. Macdonald, Miss Campbell of Succoth, The Pre- Angus Robertson, Hamilton Drive, Pollok- sident, ex officio. shields. Publication—Rev. T. S. MacPherson (Con- vener), Angus Robertson, Angus Henderson, Treasurer. Malcolm MacLeod, J. S. Mackay, Dr. W. Robert Maefarlane, C.A., 108 Hope Street, J. Watson, Mrs. Watson, D. MacGillivray, Glasgow. M.A., Miss Campbell of Succoth, Donald Mac- Secretary. Lean, Colin Sinclair, Archd. MacPherson, the President, ex officio, The Editor, ex officio. Neil Shaw, 108 Hope Street, Glasgow. Propaganda—Rev. G. W. Mackay, M.A. (Con- Executive Council. vener), Peter MacDougall, Malcolm MacLeod, George Calder, D.Litt., The University, Angus Robertson, Iain Grant, yr., of Rothie- Glasgow. murchus, Angus Henderson, T. D. MacDonald, Sheriff MacMaster Campbell, Campbeltown. J. S. Mackay, Mrs. Reybum, Miss Juliet Mac- T. D. MacDonald, 40 Stevenson Street, Oban. donald, Roderick MacLeod, John MacDonald, Rev. Dugald Macfarlane, The Manse, Kingussie. H. F. Campbell. Duncan MacGillivray, M.A., Headmaster, Hill- Finance—Robert MacFarlan (Convener), head High School. Archd. Stewart, P. MacDougall Pullar, Duncan 44 AN DEO-GREINE. MacLeod, J. S. MacKay, Malcolm MacLeod, another interesting example of continuity of James MacKellar, Alexander Fraser, A. B. Fer- tradition. guson, Andrew Stewart, Donald Cook, Archd. MacPherson, The President, ex officio. Cluain an domhain, truagh an dal, Mon and Music—Rev. M. N. Munro, M.A. Gur cobhartach gach feoil do’n bhas. (Convener), Mrs. Colquhoun, Alexander Fraser, These striking lines occur also, with slight Mrs. Christison, Rev. John MacLachlan, Angus variation, in the poem to Blaven; they had * Henderson, Malcolm MacLeod, Dr. W. J. Wat- evidently caught the poet’s fancy. Their origin son, Rev. T. S. MacPherson, Donald Macphie, is to be traced to the old colloquy of the Four Dr. Haider, D. MacGillivray, M.A., The Presi- Sages at the grave of Alexander the Great, pre- dent ex officio. served in the Book of the Dean of Lismore, and Art and Industry—Mrs Reybum (Con- based ultimately on a story contained in “ Gesta vener), Mrs. Bumley-Campbell, Miss Campbell Romanorum ” : — of Succoth, Miss Campbell of Invemeill, Mrs. W. J. Watson, Andrew Stewart, Dr. Angus Mac- Adubhairt an ceud fhear dhiobh: Gillivray, Colin Sinclair, Roderick MacLeod, “ Do bhiomar an de fa’n riogh Mrs. Colquhoun, Wm. Campbell, Archd. Sluagh an domhain, truagh an dal, Stewart, The President, ex officio. Ge ata an diu ’na aonaran.” Said the first man of them, “We were yester- day about the king, the whole world’s host— sad the fate—though to-day he is all alone.” The poem may have become known to William TRADITIONS IN GAELIC POETRY. Ross through Ranald Macdonald’s “ Collection,” published in 1776, but it is more likely that he The influence of tradition on Gaelic poetry heard it from oral sources. Alexander the would form a fruitful subject of investigation, Great was at one time a popular subject of tradi- though by no means an easy one. Some tion, and in certain districts was confused with examples that happen to occur in Bardachd Alasdair Mor mac an Righ, the Wolf of Bade- Ghaidhlig will serve to illustrate this. noch. That John MacCodrum was not unacquainted In his poem on “ An Suaithneas Ban,” with the history of the Macdonalds is proved, William Ross says :— among other things, by his reference to the Nis cromaidh na cruiteirean binn operations of Angus Macdonald of Dun- Am barraibh dhos fo sprochd an cinn; Naomhaig in the north of Ireland. It would Gach bed bhiodh ann an srath no’m beinn be of interest to know his grounds for the state- Ag caoidh an comh-dhosgainn leinn. ment as to this great ruling family— With this compare Niall MacMhuirich on the Bhuidhinn iad bade is leth Alba: death of Clanranald at Sheriffmuir — Is e an claidheamh a shealbhaich coir dhoibh. Laigh smal air na speuraibh Another poem, quoted by Mr. Alexander Mac- Agus sneachd air na geugaibh donald of Inverness (Transactions of Inv. Field Ghuil eunlaith an t-sleibhe Club. VIL, 306), in making a similar assertion, O’n la chual iad gu’n d’eug thu. gives the credit to Domhnall Ballach, who defeated the royal forces at Inverlochy in Compare also the “ Tuireadh ” for Macrim- 1431— mon— Domhnall Ballach nan Garbhchrioch Tha ealta nan speur feadh gheugan dubhach Rinn Tigh nan Teud aig leth Alba ’n a crich. Ag caoidh gu’n d’fhalbh ’s nach till thu The house known as Tigh nan Tend stands by tuilleadh, &c. the roadside near Bridge of Garry in the Pass These and other similar passages are echoes of of Killiecrankie, and is notable for a stone circle the ancient tradition according to which the close by it. The spot is still locally reputed happiness and prosperity of a territory depend to be the centre of Scotland, but how it came on the maintenance of the line of its rightful to be so precisely recognised as the Macdonald legitimate rulers. The sentiment is, in fact, boundary I do not know. One may surmise as old as the doctrine of the divine right of that the tradition refers to the terms of the kings. treaty of Ardtomish, by which Scotland was to In the same poem, William Ross affords be divided between the Lord of the Isles and the AN DEO-GREINE. 45 Earl of Douglas. Domhnall Ballach was commis- THE SECRETARY’S PAGE. sioned by the Earl of Ross to act for him in the negotiations which took place in London. How- ever that may be, the claim to “ the half of Alba Tha aireamh bheag de mheuran a’ Chomuinn and a stead over” is older than the time of Domh- air gluasad, agus tha sinn mar sin trie bho ar nall Ballach ; it is made on behalf of Naisi, the ceaim gnothuich. Tha sinn mothachail air son of Usnech. The old saga of “ Deirdre and diehioll agus dealas na. muinntir sin a tha the sons of Usnech ” relates how Naisi and his ’cumail suas na Gaidhlig air an diithaich, agus two brothers fled with Deirdre from Ireland to is e ar toil agus ar debin an cuideachadh, Ma Scotland, where the might of Naisi’s own hand ni ar lathaireachd aig ceilidh no coinneamh won him “ a stead over the half of Alba ” chiuil an uallach-san na ’s aotruime is e ar (cosain nert a laime fen treab ar leth Alpan do), dleasnas a bhi ann; ach tha moran choinn- —exactly as the Macdonalds did, according to eamhan air thoiseach oirnn agus na biodh neach MacCodrum. air bith fo ghruaim mur bi sinn maille riu. One other example must suffice at present. “ Oran na Comhachaig,” one of our finest We very much regret to state that the Editor, poems, dating from about the end of the six- Mr Macphie, is confined to bed since the Mod, teenth century, is partly in the form of a suffering from an attack of neuralgic pains in dialogue between the aged Owl of Strone (on the intercostal muscles causing continued sleep- Loch Treig) and the hunter-poet. The Owl’s lessness. We are sure our readers share with recollections go back to a date that we cannot us the hope that he may soon recover and well determine, far beyond the time of the resume his activities on behalf of An Comunn, oldest Lord of Fearsaid known to the poet by which he has served so long and so faithfully. tradition. There can be no doubt that the idea is taken from a very old poem which The effort to inaugurate a class in Gaelic recounts a colloquy between Fintan and the Language and Literature in connection with the continuation classes in Campbeltown has Hawk of Achill, an island off the west coast of been successful. The Rev. Norman Mac- Ireland. The Owl of Strone, however, cannot Kenzie, M.A., of the Highland Parish, conducts rank with the Hawk of Achill in point of age, the class, which meets every Tuesday evening. for the latter was co-eval with Fintan himself, The course is adapted for those possessing no who was bom fifteen years before the Flood— previous knowledge of the language. Mo saeghul roimh dhilinn duib Cuig bliadhna dec do bliadhnuib ; We are pleased to note that Miss Phemie Tug Dia tar eis dilinn damh Marquis has been engaged as the Gaelic Prima Cuig cet cuig mili bliadhan. Donna for the Burns Concert to be held in the “ My span before the black Flood was fifteen Royal Albert Hall, London, on 24th January. years; after the Flood God gave me five Miss Marquis is well worthy of the honour, and thousand years and five hundred.” Passages her many contributions to charitable objects in “ Oran na Comhachaig ” are strongly during the war deserve well of all Highland and reminiscent of some of the poetry in the Irish Scottish Societies. tale of the “ Adventures of Suibne Geilt,” but this point must stand over meantime. Gaelic services are to be resumed in the old > W. J. W. church in Rothesay, which has been vacant since the Rev. D. W. MacKenzie was translated to the Parish of Ulva in Mull. Representations were made to the Presbytery by the Propaganda Committee, the Bute branch also supporting the A Correction. re-establishment of these services. The Rev. With regard to the short, sketch, of which he Dugald MacCormick, Chapelhill U.F. Church, was the subject in our last number, our Presi- will conduct the Gaelic services meantime. dent (the Rev. G. W. Mackay) wishes us to state that he was not the founder of the Killin Insti- The concert promoted by the Publication tute, and that it was in existence before he was Committee in aid of the Magazine funds did not 'settled in the parish. What he was instru- receive the support it merited. The Railway mental in setting up was the Literary Society Strike, to a great extent, interfered with the which for many years has been successfully con- early arrangements, but, notwithstanding, a ducted in connection with the Institute. programme of such outstanding talent should 46 AN DEO-GREINE. have attracted thousands at much shorter LETTER TO THE EDITOR. notice. Glasgow Gaels missed the treat of the season. The first-prize duet, Una Ghil-bhan, with organ accompaniment, was about the finest Ostaig, Isle of Skye. artistically rendered Gaelic item ever presented Sir.—Has not the time come when An Comunn to a Highland audience. might take in hand the spelling of Highland donenlace-names in India, and by patronymics a Scotsman f naturally,This has and been is This month we have the great Skye Gather- now increasingly accepted. In this way the ing on the 5th, with Sir Alexander Gracie, themeaningless town of Khanword (ChiefCanwpore or Prince, becomes according Khanpur, to K.B.E., in the Chair. The Mod Medallists are local custom), and so on. prominent on the programme. The Jura We have still Portree for Port an Righ, Tober- Association have their re-union in the Kingston morv. and other meaningless or delusive spell- Hall on the 12th. Mr George A. Ferguson will ings. It would be ridiculous, or at least very preside. Lochiel takes the Chair at the Annual premature,in current English,to substitute though Dunedin this has for been Edinburgh done in Gathering of the Glasgow Inverness-shire in the New Zealand, but in minor places, within the St. Andrew’s Halls on the 19th. Lochiel’s Highland line, the necessary alteration should be Association with the county regiment should made. Fort-William and Fort-Augustus are draw a contingent of the “ Cameron Men.” theunnecessary Hessian remembrancesand Hanovarian of thetroops barbarities of the ’45, of * * * ’46. Barbarities, it must be remembered, which The Ceilidhs continue to be well patronised. were committed despite the protests of the Subjects are varied, and speakers accorded army.better-class His EnglishMajesty officershas already with givenCumberland’s us a line patient hearing, while the discussions are charac- in the alteration of his own family name to that terised by friendliness and shrewd observation. of “ Windsor,” and so on with his Battenburg The High School and Ceilidh nan Gaidheal have and other connections, now formally British. Musical Evenings this month by the St. WhyFamily M'Crindle, names areif equallyit must in beneed laboriously of attention. ex- Columba and Gaelic Musical Association Choirs plained that it is meant for MacRanald—why respectively. The Bute Branch has made an not say so straight? Similarly with MacKean auspicious opening. The concert was well for Maclan, and so on. I have recently heard attended, and a subsequent Ceilidh gave a good of an Irishman who passed as MacOstrich, pro- reception to Mr Colin Macpherson, who spoke plumedbably from bird somein his resemblance own rightful to name. that Thisof theis, on “ Bardachd Neill Mhic Leoid.” ofas course,silly. preposterousThe Irish, naturally and undignified, have sufferedas well 4- new Branch of An Comunn was formed in sionworse by than others, ourselves and mightthrough well linguistic revise allsuppres- their Lochgilphead on 18th November. We were Ballys and other mutilated celticisms, which in present and addressed the meeting in Gaelic their present form invite ridicule. With us. and English. About twenty members were however, the deterioration has not progressed enrolled, and several Gaelic songs were sung nearly so far. when the business of the meeting concluded. Should An Comunn take up this task, it would Mr John Graham ' Campbell, Shirvan, was exciteand cultivated interest people,and sympathy an interest among not all at scholarsall con- appointed President; Mrs Brown, Argyll Hotel, fined to Gaelic speakers alone, being a subject Vice-President; with the Rev. J. Macfarlane within the comprehension of_ all. Also, a Barrow, who convened the meeting, as Secre- change in this respect would increase estima- tary and Treasurer. The Rev. A. C. Robertson, tiongenerally. in which Ballvhooley Gaelic is andheld such in like_ the provoke world Rev. Malcolm MacLeod, and Miss MacTavish and increase the contempt always felt towards were appointed members of Committee. Mrs. bad scholarshin.—T am. Scottish Gaelic.-— to Mr. Donald Macphie, p Victoria. Terrace, A. Fraser. Dullatur, and should reach him not later than the ijth of each month. Communications regarding the Sale of the Maga- EDINBURGH MOD DONATIONS. zine, Annual Subscriptions, and Advertisements, should be addressed to Mr. Neil Shaw. Secretary, 108 Hope St., Glasgow. A Scale of Previously acknowledged, - - - £85 16 0 Charges for Advertisements will be sent on LordReceived Leverhulme, at Head Caisteal Office— Leodhais, - 20 0 0 application. CeilidhMiss Juliet nan Macdonald,Gaidheal, Glascho,Lochaber, - -- 3 03 0 H.Gaelic F. Campbell,Society of Esq., Glasgow, Aberdeen, - -- - 32 02 0 CaptainLieut. Colin Campbell, MacLeod, Ardrossan, A. and S.H.,- -- 12 102 0 A XMAS GIFT Glasgowciation, Atholl - and - Breadalbane- - -Asso- -110 OF HIGH-CLASS TEA Comunn an Fheilidh, - - - - 1 1 0 Will prove very acceptable this year, LachlanMrs. MacDougall, MacKinnon, Bridge-of-Weir, Esq., Greenock, - .00 10 6 yourand youfriends cannot a present do better of than send J.Archd. R. 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Esq., Edinburgh.Edinburgh, - - 10 0 Secure supplies now at the above •Tames MacKillop, Esq., Bridgend, - 10 0 travellersprices. Buy employe direct—neither r by us. agentsTekms— or W.Angus A Dudgeon.MacKinnon Esq., Esa.. Musselburgh, Edinburgh, - 0 10 0 Cash with Order. Mrs Duncan Warrant. Canonbridge, - 0 10 0 MacLEOD and CO. Miss Stewart, Callander, - - -050 Wholesale Tea, and Coffee Merchants, £140 13 0 3 FREDERICK ST., EDINBURGH. Telegrams—“Tel. No. 3066 Cheerful,”Central Edinburgh, Edinburgh. 48 AN DEO-GREINE. The Shop for Gaelic Books. Price Postage Gaelicfor Self-Taught. Beginners, withAn Introduction an imitated to pronun- Gaelic ciation invaluable to Learners, complete, 1/6 2d An Rosarnach,Gaelic authors, a galaxy 2 volumes of the ready, best moderneach 10/- 6d BardachThe Wizard’s Leodhais, Gillie, Lewis with Bards, Gaelic now and ready, English 6/- 6d Fionnopposite ann an pages,Tigh a’ Bhlair Bhuidhe. A Tale,2 3d/6 4d£d Reid’sHandbook New for Elementary Speakers atCourse Gaelic of Meetings,Gaelic, -- 1/-3d Jd3d RosgReiteach Gaidhlig. Moraig. Selections Popular ofGaelic Gaelic Play, Prose, - - 2/66'd 4dl|d MacBain’sPosadh Moraig, New Gaelicsequel Etymologicalto Reiteach Moraig, Diet/, 12/6Cd 6dl^d MacLeodGaelic and Dictionary, -Dewar’s Gaelic-Eng.- - - English-- 12/6 6d AigMacEachen’s Tigh na Beinne, Gaelic-English by Mrs. Grant,Dictionary, just pub,- 3/62/6 4d Gu’nMaeDougall’s d’thug I speisFolk doTales ’n Armunn, and Fairy Gaelic Lore, novel - 6/-1/- 2Jd4d Cameron’sDeirdire, Gaelic Highland and Eng.Clearances opposite to pages, 1912, -- 3/62/ - 4d Mackay’s Palace Hotel, Gaelic Mission Hymn Book, - - - 1/- 2d BardachdPoetry, Ghaidhlig, Selections from Gaelic3 /6 6d EDINBURGH. AnCath-chuairt Solaraiche, Eideird four choice Bbruis Gaelic an Eirinn, Essays, 1/-1/3 2d Highly Recommended. !| TABLEBEDROOM, D’HOTE ATTENDANCE, BREAKFAST, LIGHT, from AND 6s. Auraicept na n’eces, Prof. Geo. 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LADIES’ TAILORS, FURRIERS, Patterns Free in all New Shades. :: :: AND HABIT MAKERS, :: s: 176 Bath Street, Glasgow. J. G. MALCOLM & BINGHAM,NB 0 ND Phone—579 Douglas. G. SINCLAIR, Proprietor. CH A RING CROSS ( ^T i^ ) GLASGOW. Elementary Course of Gaelic Re-ArrangedBy DUNCAN and REID,Enlarged (Gaelic Master,By NORMAN The Glasgow MACLEOD High School). Price Is. Postage 3d. extra. Publishedin bySchools An Comunnand Gaelic Gaidhealach Classes. for use Leabhar XV.] Treas Mios a Gkeamhhraidh, ig20. [Earrann 4 Is ann aca fhein a bhiodh an othail agus an CLAR-INNSIDH. iollach. “ Buaileam ort,” a bhos agus “ Buail a mach ” thall. “ Sios e,” “ Suas e ” ! Bhiodh A’ Bhliadhn’ Ur, 49 riidain riiisgte agus speirean bruite aig na TeachingAn Comunn of Gaelic,Gaidhealach, .504 fearaibh mu ’n cromadh a’ ghrian ach cha Donncha Mac Uilleleith, 54 chumadh sin iad gun leum air urlar an t-sabhaill TheAlasdair, Secretary's Mac an Page, Impire—Alasdair, - - the Son of the Emperor,6 55f an uair a ghleusadh Uisdean a’ phiob mhala. TraditionMiann an inEilthirich Gaelic Poetry, (with Music), . - - -- - 5968 Bha our na cloiche, tilgeadh an uird, agus Place Names on Deeside, - 60 carachd ’nan spors chleachdail aig gilleaon Litir,Comunn News, 61 Gaidhealach latha Nollaige. B’u chleachdadh Reviews, - - 62 riamh do ’n Ghaidheal a chleas a bhi air mhodh Edinburgh Mod Donations, 63 a ghabhadh tomhas math de spionnadh agus de sgairt g’a riarachadh. Eadhoin an dannsadh A’ BHLIADHN’ UR. a chleachd iad, “ Dannsadh a’ Chlaidheimh,” “ Ruidhle Thulaichean,” “ Seann Triubhas,” tlia Nollaig Chridheil agus Bliadhna. Mhath Ur liith nan cas agus ealamhachd eanchainn a’ dol dhuibh! Nach iomadh mile beul a dh an comh-bhonn a thoirt gach alt is feith ann an aithriseas na dearbh fhaca.il sin aig an am so cluich smearail. Ann an uile ghluasad a’ agus nach ioma mile a fhreagras, ‘ Mar sin Ghaidheil—sealg a’ choilich air gheig, an dhuibh fhein agus moran diubh! ” Tha na daimh dhuinn air uabhar sleibhe, iasgach a’ briatjiran a tighinn bho' ’n chridhe le durachd bhradain le morgliath oaol, no a’ freagairt bhlatli agus cha ’n ’eil am eile de ’n bhliadhna pongan ciiiil air urlar creadha—bha iad a cuid- anns an urrainn neach a thebghalachd ’sa eachadh fas is fallaineachd na coluinne ann'an dheagh-riin a nochdadh air dhoigh cho baigheil, doigh nach dean siubhal an carbadan mar is chairdeil, ri am na Nollaige. The farmad agus roghainn le mbran de oigridh an la air am bheil mi-nin air an slugadh suas ann an spiorad sinn beo. a’ ghairdeaehais agus an Lsonais a tha gabhail Tha cuimhne mhath againn air Camanaohd seilbh air ar feartan dligheach. Cha ’n ’eil Bliadhn’ Ura an uair a bha sinn a’ chomhnuidh ait aig droch smuain ’nar cridheachan agus ann am Baile Bhoid. Bha Marcus Bhoid a’ nach, bu mhath do: ’n Lsaoghal na ’n leanadh toirt gach cothrom agus cuideachadh do spiorad a’ charthanais so ri daoine beagan na ghillean an Eilein airson a’ chluich sin a b’ fliaide na seachdain na Nollaige! chumail suas agus re ioma. bliadhna bhiodh e An uair a bha mo sheanair-sa ’na Dhonnch- fhein agus a chuideachd a’ tighinn a choimhead adh Og b’ann air an traigh ghainmhich no air air na gillean a’ cluich. Is math gu bheil a’ mhachair a chuireadh iad seachad an latha againn Uachdaran no dithis a nochdas an speis mbr so. Chruinnicheadh iad as gach baile do chleas nan Gaidheal agus cha ’n ’eil doigh beag mu ’n cuairt, sean is 6g, beag is mdr, a as fearr air am faigh iad meas agus urram na dh’ ioman chaman. Cha b’e an uair gu leth e misneach a thoirt anns an doigh sin do ’n chluicheas iad an diugh ach trian de ’n latha! iochdarain. Rinneadh cordadh ri gillean a’ 50 AN DEO-GREINE. ■Clmoil ar coiimeachadh air raon aig ceaun tuatli an Eilein a.gus rinn iad sin air latha Nollaig. AN COMUNN QAIDHEALACh. Bha “ Rudha Ban,” mar a theireadli muinntir a’ Chaoil ris, air an ceann agus b’ esan fear an EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEETING AT iomain! Cliluich piobaire, ’na lan eideadh STIRLING. Gaidhealach, gach taobh air a’ bhlar. CUaidli A meeting of the Executive Council of An an caman a thondias ’s an t-seann abhaist, Coinunn Gaidhealach was held in the Golden tliilgeadli am ball agus chaidh na fir air ghleus. Lion Hotel, Stirling, on 6th December. The Chruinnich aireamli mor sluaigh air a’ mhaciiair Rev. G. V. Mackay, Killin, the President, agus, ged a b’fliuar an latha, chum iad suas occupied the chair, and the others present misneach ham balach le an iollach o thus gu were:—The Lady Helen Tod, Dunkeld ; Mrs. deireadh na cluiche. E. C. Watson, Edinburgh ; Mrs. Reyburn, Balla- Bha e ’na thoil-imitinn mhor leinn an am a’ chulish; Miss Campbell of Inverneill; Rev. M. chogaidh—an uair bu bheag toil-hmtinn air N. Munro, Taynuilt : Rev. John Maclachlan, dhoigh no dha eile—a bhi ruith a’ bhuill le Lochcarron ; Rev. T. S. Macpherson, Glasgow : gillean gasda bho ’n taobh tua-th agus shin Messrs. H. F. Campbell, advocate, Aberdeen ; J. shios an Sasunn. Thug cairdean aim an Ceann N. Macleod, Errogie, Stratherrick ; T. D. Mac- a’ Ghiubhsaich dlminn aireanih de chamain agus donald, Oban ; J. S. Mackay and Angus Hender- b’ fhada ’n t-seachdain gu Di-ciadain gus am son, Stirling ; Alex. Fraser, Yoker; John faigheamaid air faiche. Is iomadh buille Mackay, Paisley ; Archibald Stewart, Cambus- cruaidh a fhuair sinn agus chunnaic shin fear no lang; Donald M'Lean, P. Macdougall Pullar, dha ’na shineadh cuideachd ! R. M'Farlane, Glasgow : R. A. Matheson, Dun- Bha gillean a Bail© Chaolais faisg oirnn agus dee ; and Neil Shaw, the Secretary. an uair no dha a choinnich iad fhein agus na tuathaieh leis an robh mis© thug iad greadan Inaugukal Address. laidir air. B’ arm leis na tuathaich a chaidh The President, in the course of his inaugural an latha. Cha robh cuimhn’ aig na s©6id air address, remarked that as the head of An trioblaidean is amhgharan na Frainge. Is ami Comunn he wanted to get into closer touch with a bha iad beo aims na laithean sona sin a them all, and he would accordingly like to make bhiodh iad a coinneachadh air raon choimhich some general observations upon the work of a dh’ fheuch co aige a luidheadh a’ Chuach the Comunn, his own relationship to it, and how Albannach! they were going to carry on. This, he thought, Tha camanachd a’ tighinn air ais gu ait© an would save a certain amount of discussion as deidh bliadhnachan caola a’ chogaidh agus tha the reports were brought forward and also make ullachadh air a dheanamh airson nan cluichean the meetings of the Executive Council shorter mora sin a bha iomraiteach am measg luchd- and more to the point. In the first place, he leanmhuinn nam balach. Gach feasgar Sathurna wished to say how much he felt coming after ann am bade Ghlascho tha na Sgitheanaich, na 1 is distinguished predecessors in the chair, as Lathurnaich agus gillean an Oil-thigh a’ coinn- he had only had time to make a passing allusion eachadh a mach aig Dunbreac. Tha. moran de to this subject at the annual meeting in Edin- na seann churaidhean an lathair fhathast, ach burgh. Mr. M'Lcod, Glasgow, had occupied tha aireamh dh© na gillean a bha cliuiteach, that position for years during a very anxious iomraiteach ’san iomain fo’n fhbd an tirean time during the war and before it, and he (Mr. cein. Choinnich cuid dhe na taobhan mu Mackay) never ceased admiring and wondering thuath cheana agus tha gnothuichean a’ administrativeat the capacity work Mr. and M‘Leodthe conduct possessed of public in sealltuinn gu math fallain airson Earrach business, his shrewd judgment, and the unusual ainmeil. ' power of expressing himself which he possessed. Cha ’n aithne dhuinn cleas as freagarraiche The help he had been to the Comunn was diffi- air gillean Gaidhealach aims a’ bhaile mhor aig cult in many respects to realise in a moment— a bheil beagan uairean diomhanach feasgar one needed to be closely associated with him in Sathurna. Gheibh iad failt© ’s furan bho na the work to see that. They all knew, of course, fearaibh a tha a’ clinch agus, mar a thuirt sinn the tremendous position Mr. M'Leod occupied cheana, tha fallaineachd cleibh is inntinn ann. in Glasgow as the head of the Gael, and he was Air falbh leis na tighean dealbha ’s leis gach practically bound up with almost every Celtic droch caramh eile! Biodh gillean Gaidheal- movement in that great city. Mr. M'Leod had each duineil, dileas. Seasadh iad ri cleachd- been a great force, a great power, and a man of aidhean an diithcha’s ri canain an sinnsir cho unusual endowment in many respects, and it sgairteil agus a sheas iad airson na h-Impireachd was difficult for him (Mr. Mackay) to succeed agus gheibh iad cliu agus taing nan uile^ him. Dr. Mackay of Inverness, who immedi- AN DEO-GREINE. 51 ately preceded Mr. M'Leod, was at the head of upon to do, during the present year at least, the Education Authority of the County of Inver- partly ow ing to the war. But if they promised ness, and he had been for many years the to give good attendance at the meetings of the leading spirit in the North in connection with various Standing Committees of An Comunn the Gaelic movement, by his passionate love for Gaidhealach, each one doing his or her best to the language.' During the years he was at the help, then he was willing to continue on for a head of An Comunn he helped immensely by bit as convener; otherwise he would throw up his business ability, by his force of character, the post without the slightest compunction. by his knowledge of men, and by the general There was a big work before them, and they influence that he exerted in various circles. As had got to put their shoulders to the wheel— one who was associated with Mrs. Burnley there was no doubt about that. They had got Campbell in the Propaganda Committee for to help in the way of promoting local Mods and many years, he must say that he did not think in forming new branches, particularly in the there was a person living that had impressed North. The previous day they had had a most him more deeply in connection with their work. striking conference, and that would come up on He regretted exceedingly that she was not so the report of the Education Committee. That closely associated with the movement at the conference was very interesting, and it would present time as she had been, and nothing help them a good deal, and the Publication would please him in the chair better than that Committee would have a very interesting report she should resume as soon as possible those to give in with regard to An Ded Greine. activities in which she took so large a part in the past, A great deal of the success of the Suggestions for Propaganda Work. Comunn and its work for many, many years— in many directions at least—was due to the The minutes of the Propaganda Committee’s extraordinary enthusiasm, the whole-hearted meetings were afterwards submitted. These devotion, and the constant and unremitting were to the effect that the Convener reported care manifested by Mrs. Burnley Campbell in having been in communication with the leading carrying on her own distinctive work, and members throughout the Highlands with a view nothing would be more helpful to him, and to extending the propaganda work and strength- nothing more satisfactory to them, he was sure, ening An Comunn, and it was recommended than that she should continue to help them in that local Mods should be held at Bonar Bridge, the future as in the past. Stornoway, and Tobermory. Satisfaction was Continuing, the Chairman said the first thing expressed with the fact that Gaelic services had they needed for An Comunn Gaidhealach was been resumed at Rothesay. more money. He saw them all smiling. That At the second meeting, it was stated, the was a good sign—they understood one another. letters were submitted which the Convener had They wanted to get as much money from every received from representatives in various parts comer as possible. There must be a great of the country in reply to his request urging the many who could get money or who could give holding of concerts, etc., in support of An money, and whatever way the money was got— Comunn Gaidhealach’s funds and the forming as long as it was got by honest means—it of branches and Gaelic-reading classes. The could not be spent in a better way than by Committee asked the Executive Council to giving it to An Comunn Gaidhealach. An sanction the expenditure of £50 on propaganda Comunn had very little to come and go upon, work during the current financial year. and without money they could not work. The The Chairman, as convener of the Com- Chairman remarked that the members would mittee, moved approval of the minutes, and be surprised at the number of letters that came explained what the Committee were trying to in to him from every quarter of the Highlands do. He asked them to imagine they saw a asking if they could do this, that, or the other map of Scotland before them. From the propa- thing. These things needed money—in fact, ganda point of view they thought there was not to do a third of what was asked to be done a great deal to do in Argyllshire—at least, it would mean an expenditure of £2,000 a year. was near the headquarters, and Mr. Shaw could In regard to propaganda work, Rev. Mr. at any time go to any part and form a branch Mackay remarked that they had put him into a or do other work. Perthshire was also near at most difficult and delicate position. He had hand, and the people were fairly enthusiastic. simply consented to take the post of Convener Inverness was fairly accessible, but in the Nm- of the Propaganda Committee until they got thern Highlands they felt strongly that more another, for the work attached to that post should be done, and they proposed that Mr. represented five times the amount of work that Shaw should go to the East of Sutherlandshire any President of An Comunn might be called and Ross-shire for, say, a tour of ten days or so 52 AN DEO-GREINE. from the middle of January, and endeavour to Mod accounts and general financial position of form some branches or Gaelic-readiug classes. An Comunn. There is a deficit of TGI 13s 9d It might be asked—“ Why not rather go to the on this year's Mod, and the Committee made a West, where there is a large population of recommendation to the Mod and Music Com- Gaelic-speaking people 1 ” That was very true, mittee to curtail expenditure in one or two but, in the first place, that would mean a great departments. The Committee acquiesced in deal more expense, while the ground was not the granting of a loan of £200 to the Art and quite prepared for it—there was a lack of the Industry Committee for the purpose of buying right type of leader, or the leader who was tweed to re-stock the depot. willing to move in the matter, in the West. They thought that by going to the East, follow- Education Committee. ing the line of the railway, and forming a few Mr. H. F. Campbell, convener, in moving the strong branches, the influence might go across adoption of the minute, gave an account of the to the West in the course of time. work under consideration by his Committee. Mrs. Watson thought the Committee’s ask- It was proposed that if a fund were created to ings in the way of money were extremely provide a memorial to Miss Jessie N. MacLach- moderate, and she was inclined to think that a lan, it be a recommendation from An Comunn tour of ten days was just short enough. that it be applied to establish a travelling lec- The Chairman said this was merely a sugges- tureship in Highland Music. tion, and he announced that he proposed to Professor Watson had correspondence with accompany Mr. Shaw at his own expense to help Dr. Bartholomew in regard to the production Mr. Shaw with the work. Mr. Mackay added of a map of Scotland with Gaelic place-names. that he had . written over 80 letters, and he Dr. Bartholomew was prepared to produce 400 exhibited a large bundle of replies received school maps in four sheets, mounted and var- from people, all more or less favourable, promis- nished, at a cost of 17s 6d each. It was ing to help in forming branches and Gaelic- remitted to Professor Watson to ascertain what speaking classes. number of place-names could be inserted in the Mr. T. D. Macdonald, Oban, did not think map, and the Secretary is to apply to the Car- they should attempt local Mods in Oban or its negie Trust for a grant to meet the cost of pro- neighbourhood in view of the forthcoming Mod ducing the map. A proposal was submitted to at Oban. His own opinion was that the money a previous meeting of the Committee that that would go to these local Mods would be Courses of Instruction for Gaelic-speaking better spent in assisting individual competitors teachers be instituted. It was suggested that and choirs coming from far and near to the big the courses should extend over a period of four Mod. Mr. Macdonald advocated the holding weeks, and the convener outlined a scheme of of flag days during the summer in the rural instruction. The conference with the Directors districts, where the" uses of these efforts had not of Education the previous afternoon was been exhausted to the same extent as had been reported on. A copy of the report is annexed the case in the cities. Another suggestion made hereto. by the speaker was that local committees should Publication Committee. be formed to prepare competitors for the Mod. The Bev. T. S. MacPherson made some The fact that somebody from the village or important announcements in connection with district had competed at the Mod had a useful the Publication Committee. A conference had influence on the people in the district, and if the taken place between certain members of the competitor went home with a prize that Committee, and Mr. John L. Carvel, advertisers’ influence was all the greater. agent, with a view to placing the finances of The Chairman characterised Mr. Macdonald’s A» Dtb Greine on a substantial footing. The suggestion about the flag days as an excellent result of this conference was reported as fol- one. He believed that once a year all over the lows :—Recommend to the Executive Council Highlands there should be a collection for the that the advertising department of the maga- Gaelic cause, and he thought that if the people zine be entrusted to Mr. Carvel, who is sanguine were told it was for the Gaelic cause they would of securing a large increase in the advertisiilg contribute, even in the remotest glens. revenue. The Propaganda Committee’s minutes were The following donations to the Publication adopted. Fund was intimated : —• Miss Marion Gray Tod, - - - £50 Finance Committee. Glasgow Gaelic Society, - - - 20 Mr. Alex. Fraser, vice-convener, moved the Tiree Association, ----- 5 adoption of the Finance Committee minutes, Surplus from Killin Concert, - - 10 which showed a statement of the Edinburgh £85 AN DEO-GREINE. 53 The Committee recorded their gratification ' however, to some extent is accounted for by the at these substantial additions to the fund. Esti- fact that the entry money for the 1914 Mod, mates for the re-printing of Reid’s Elementary about £29, does not appear in the income this Course were to be invited. The book is almost year. It had previously appeared in the. sold out. Mr. Macphie reported in a letter to balance-sheet. Taking into consideration the the convener on the progress of the School Text many - adverse circumstances and the lapse of Books, and this was considered satisfactory. time from the Dundee Mod, the Edinburgh Mod The convener moved that the Executive expr ess was quite successful. The gathering was a happy their deep sympathy with Mr. Macphie in his one, and the arrangements worked smoothly. severe illness, and their hope that he would To Mr. David MacRitchie (convener), Miss soon r-iMver and join them at their meetings, Simpson (secretary), Mr. Malcolm MacKinnon where his counsel was highly valued. The (treasurer), and the other members of the local Secretary was instructed to convey the sym- Committee, An Comumi tender their cordial pathies of the Council to Mr. Macphie. thanks for their work in connection with the Subject to the consent of Mrs. Parker Fairlie, Mod. Under more favourable circumstances, permission was given to the Rev. Gerald it would have been a financial success. As a O’Nolan, M.A., Professor of Irish Language and Mod it was a great success; thoroughly enjoyed Literature at Maynooth, to translate into Irish alike by members, competitors, and the general Gaelic for publication the Feill booklet, “ Na public. The Ceilidh on the Thursday evening Daoine Sidhe.” was one of the most delightful functions ever The Committee put on record the apprecia- held in connection with any Mod, and Miss tion felt by An Comunn of the assistance ren- Howieson, who organised the Ceilidh, is deserv- dered by Ceilidh nan Gaidheal (Mr. Donald ing of our thanks for the completeness of the Currie, secretary), Paisley Highlanders’ Associa- arrangements and the great success of the tion (Mr. John Mackay and Mr. John Wood- evening’s entertainment. row), Glasgow High School Gaelic Class Ceilidh A communication from Mr. T. D. MacDonald (Misses MacTaggart and Mackenzie), and other was read stating that Mr. J. M. Skinner, solici- Associations in extending the circulation of the tor, Commercial Bank Buildings, Oban, was magazine. appointed by the Local Committee as Mod Local Secretary, subject to the approval of the Executive Council. The Executive approved Mon and Music Committee. of Mr. Skinner’s appointment. The Com- The Rev. M. N. Muuro, M.A., convener, read mittee agreed to assist the Propaganda Com- the minute of a meeting of this Committee held mittee in carrying out the arrangements for the the previous evening. proposed local Mods at Bonar Bridge, Storno- A prize of £'2 was offered by Miss A. C. way, and Tobermory. Whyte for the 1920 Oban Mod for the best Mr. Matheson (Dundee) raised a point which rendering of any one of six selected songs by the Committee are to consider at their first her father, the late Mr. Henry Whyte (Fionn). meeting, viz., that Choirs should not be subject Two prizes are offered by Miss Myra Norman to the Rule in the Syllabus which states that for the singing of a Gaelic song confined to competitors and choirs who have taken a first learners of Gaelic—1st prize, £2 ; 2nd prize, prize for two years in succession shall be £1. The Committee approve of these two new excluded from competing in the same competi- competitions, and tlia.uk the donors. Mr. John tion in the third year. N. MacLeod, Errogie, offered prizes amounting The Committee drew the attention of the to £4 for the rendering of an old Gaelic Hymn. Executive to the fact that tbe Provisional A choice may be offered from a selection of Syllabus for 1920 bad been distributed at the three or four. A friend offered a prize for a recent Mod. Copies may be had on applica- literary competition on the same subject, viz., tion to the secretary. for an original Gaelic Hymn to an original air. It was agreed to hold the next meeting of The Committee accepted these competitions. Executive in Edinburgh on Saturday, 6th The income and expenditure account of the March. Edinburgh Mod was submitted, and the recom- A vote of thanks to the Chairman terminated mendation from the Finance was also brought the proceedings. to the notice of the Committee by the secretary. The large deficit on the Edinburgh Mod is TWEED S.—Guaranteed Genuine by An accounted for largely by the Railway Strike and Comumi Gaidhealach—sold by R. G. Lawime, to the erroneous impression arising from the 60 Renfield Street, and Messrs J. G. Malcolm postponement of the Pan-Celtic Congress, that k Bingham, 1 Charing Cross, next Grand the Mod had also been postponed. The deficit, Hotel, Glasgow. Suits and Costumes made. 54 AN DEO-GREINE. TEACHING OF GAELIC. to be a more attractive centre than Oban, and there might be another Centre in the North. It was represented to the Executive Officers CONFERENCE WITH THE DIRECTORS OF that they should endeavour through their EDUCATION. respective Authorities to get the Provincial A conference took place between members of Committee to institute or support the proposed the Education Committee and the Executive summer courses, and it was thought that An Officers of the Highland Counties in the Golden Comunn should also approach the Provincial Lipn Hotel, Stirling, on 5th December. There Committees on the subject. were present:—H. F. Campbell (Convener), in the chair; Rev. G. W. Mackay, President; Malcolm MacLeod; Mrs. Watson, Edinburgh (representing Professor Watson, who was DONNCHA MAC GILLELEITH. unable to be present owing to illness); Mr. Angus Henderson, Stirling; and Mr. Neil Sliaw, (Duncan Guay.) Secretary; also, Mr. M. Morrison, Executive Co blia ’n so air oidhch’ na feill’ Officer for Inverness; Dr. W. J. Philip,' Execu- Ha ha an t-suiridh bh’ aim! tive Officer for Ross; and Dr. Colin Macdonald, Ach Donncha gasd’ Mac Gilleleith, Executive Officer for Argyll. Ha ha an bsuiridh bh’ ann ! Apologies were intimated from Messrs. Daw- Tighinn a shuiridh air Peigi 6g son and Grieve, the Executive Officers for Perth ’Nuair a bha sinn mear ag 61; and .Sutherland. ’S ann bha e dhith ’na chulaidh spors. The Convener stated generally the object of Ha ha an t-suiridh bh’ ann ! the Conference, and drew attention to the draft scheme for summer courses. Bha Donncha bochd a’ gul ’sa caoidh, Mr. Malcolm MacLeod reported regarding Ha ha, an t-suiridh bh’ ann ! the Conference held at Edinburgh at the time Ag osnaich cosmhuil ris a’ ghaoith, of th'. Annual Mod and the view there expressed Ha ha an t-suiridh bh’ ann ! that the authorities should proceed without Ach bu cho maith do’n laoch a dhuan delay to make provision for the teaching of A sheinn ri Ealasaid a’ Chuain, Gaelic in public schools. Le ceann-feidh oirr’ ghabh i ’n ruaig. Mrs. Watson submitted the views of Pro- Ha ha an t-suiridh bh’ ann ! fessor Watson, LL.D., as to what should now be done. Gaelic teaching should be provided at Thuirt Donncha b’ fhearr gu robh mi marbh all the Junior Student Centres where Gaeilc- Ha ha an t-suiridh bh’ ann ! speaking students begin their training. Full Leumaidh mi thar Creag nan Sgarbh, provision for Gaelic should also be made at the Ha ha an t-suiridh bh’ ann ! Provincial Training Centres. There should be Ach ghabh e sin a’ chuis ’san t-sroin, provision for giving instruction in Gaelic to 'S thuirt e, rachaidh i le’m dheoin, teachers in Gaelic-speaking areas who are Ma thogras i, gu Tigh Iain Ghrot. desirous of taking advantage of such instruc- Ha ha an t-suiridh bh’ ann! tion. This might be by summer courses. Mr. Malcolm MacLeod suggested that the. Mar a thachair innseadh each, Executive Officers should indicate what provi- Ha ha an t-suiridh bh’ ann! sion for Gaelic already existed, what further Tha Peigi tinn’s tha esan slan, provision was necessary, and the extent to Ha ha an t-suiridh bh’ ann ! which the requisite teaching power was avail- Bha saighead gheur a’ ghaoil ’na taobh, able. ’Sann ’na suil bha ’n sealladh caomh : Dr. Macdonald (Argyll) gave the results of a B’e ioghnadh Dhonncha fath a smaoin. survey which he had made in Kintyre, Cowal, Ha ha an t-suiridh bh’ ann ! and other districts in Argyll, showing the num- ber of teachers who could (1) speak, or (2) read, Bha Donncha ’na ghille grinn, or (3) write Gaelic. A good deal was needed Ha ha an t-suiridh bh’ ann ! in order to make the supply of qualified teachers Bha Peigi bhochd gu dubhach tinn, adequate. Mr. Morison gave similar informa- Ha ha an t-suiridh bh’ ann ! tion regarding the islands of Inverness-shire, Dh’ iarr e i le briathran gaoil, and Dr. Philip regarding Lewis. ’S thug i dha a lamh gu saor; After discussion, it was agreed that summer Tha a nis iad taobh ri taobh. courses for teachers should be provided in Ha ha an t-suiridh bh’ann ! August, 1920. Glasgow was considered likely D. J. M. AN DEO-GREINE. 55 ALASDAIR, MAC AN 1MPIRE. ALASDAIR, THE SON OF THE (Air a leantuinn.) EMPEROR. ( Continued). Thainig e an so a nail, ’us tbainig e do ’n He presently returned from abroad and clieart bliaile inhor. Cliuir e air deise seoladair arrived at the same big town [as before]. He [gus e flieiu a chur as aitlme], ’us cliaidli e air put on a sailor’s dress [to disguise himself] and tir. An uair a cliaidli e air tir, gu de thacliair went ashore. Upon going ashore, whom did he ris acli cairtear a ’dol a niacli as a’ bliaile, agus meet but a carter going out of the town, and a ditliisd dhaoine uaisle leis aims a’ cliairt.— couple of gentlemen with him in the cart. “ Ghill ars esan, ris a’ cliairtear, “ na’ni “ My lad,” said he to the carter, “ wouldst thou bitheadli tliu cho math ’s gu’u leigeadh tbu mo be so good as to allow my portmanteau to be mhaileid aims a’ chairt—tha e gu math trom.” put in the cart; it is very heavy.” “ Cha ’n ’eil ordan again; acli iarr air na “ I have no orders ; but ask the gentlemen to daoine uaisle a leigeil innte.” let it be put in.” Arsa fear de na daoine uaisle, a tliaobh cbo So politely had the poor sailor spoken, that modhail’s a labliair an seoladair bochd, one of the gentlemen said, “ Cuir a stigli e, ’us faodaidh tu fliein tigbinn “ Put it in, and thou mayst come in too a stigh comhla ris. Cia as a sliebl tliu mu along with it. Whence didst thou sail last, dheireadh, a’ slieoladair ? ” arsa na daoine uaisle. sailor?” quoth the gentlemen. “ Sliebl mi as ua h-Innsean an lar.” “ I sailed from the West Indies.” Bha an so moran naigheachdan aig an t- The sailor now began to tell some of the sebladair, agus e fuathasacli modhail led. many tales he had, and the gentlemen thought him very well-mannered. Bha iad a’ casadh air tigh mbr a bha aig They were now drawing near to a big house duine uasal, ’us bha tigh sheinse shios fodha, belonging to a gentleman, and there was a agus is aim dliith air an tigh sheinse a bha an change house further on or below it, and close tigh aig niuinie na nighinn. to the change house was the house of the foster- mother of [his] lass. “ Na’m bitheadh sibh cho math, a’ dhaoine " If you would be so good, gentlemen, as to uaisle, ’s gu ’n rachadh sibh leam fhin do ’n tigh go with me to the change house to take drinks, sheinse a ghabhail dheochannan, bhithinn fuath- I should be exceedingly obliged to you.”— asach fada ’nur comain.”—Ars an darna duine Quoth the one gentleman to the other, “ We will uasal ris an fhear eile, “ Theid sinn comhla ris go along with the sailor, and hear him tell an t-sebladair, agus gheabh sinn naigheachdan tales.” dheth.” Dh’ fjialbh iad comhla iis. Rainig iad an They went along with him accordingly. They tigh sheinse, ’us chaidh iad a stigh, ’us dh’ iarr came to the change house and went in, and he esan deochannan freagarrach air daoine uaisle. called for drinks suitable for gentlemen. One Thuirt an darna fear de na daoine uaisle ris an of the gentlemen told the sailor that it was a t-sedladair gu’n robh pears’ eaglais comhla ris. clergyman who was along with him. “ Is he “ An e pears’ eaglais a th’ aim 1 ” ars an an seoladair. “ Is e,” ars am fear eile. indeed a clergyman?” said the sailor. “He “ Tha raise fada cearr—is doigh leam gu ’n is,” quoth the other. robh mi ro mhiomhail ’nur lathair,” ars an “ I have been very far wrong—I have been sedladair ris a ’phears’ eaglais, is tha mi ag far too presumptuous in your presence,” quoth iarraidh maitheanais. Tha rud again r ’a the sailor to the ecclesiastic, “ and I entreat for- iiinseadh dhuibh,” ars e ris a’ phears’ eaglais. giveness. I have something to tell thee,” he “ Gu de a tha ’n sin ? ” ars esan. said to the clergyman. " Tha,” ars esan, “ caileag a dh’ fhag mise ’sa “ What is that? ” said the other. ’bhaile so o cheann tri bliadhna, ’us bha cumh- “ Why,” said he, “ there is a lass that I left nanta posaidh eadaruinn, agus is aim aims a’ in this town three years ago. There was bhaile so fhm a tha i, ’us cha ’n ’eil mathair plighted troth between us. She is in this very no athair aice; * ’us ma’s e ur toil e, tha mi town, and she has neither father nor mother ; * deonach dol dh’ a h-iarraidh, ’us gu ’m pbsadh and if it please you, I am desirous of going to sibh mi.” fetch her in order that you may marry me.” lady* The love hero was. says this, in order, probably, to prevent the gentlemen from guessing who his 56 AN DEO-GREINE. Ars am pears’ eaglais, “ Is aim is fhearra Quoth the clergyman, “ Certainly; thou dhuit falbli, ’us ni sinne fuireach gus au tig liadst better set off, and we will wait till thou thu.” come.” “ Fagaidh mi m’ at air a’ bliord, ’us bheir mi “ I will leave my hat on the table, but I will learn mo mhaileid, chionn chan e an t-aodach so take my portmanteau with me, because I shall bhitheas orm, chor’s gu’m faic sibb nach bi an not wear this dress. Then you will see the poor seoladair bochd briagach.” sailor is not lying.” f “ Tha barail na’s fhearr againn ort; thoir “ We have a better opinion of thee than that; leat t’ ad.” take thy hat with thee.” Rainig e tigh muirne na nighinn. J Db’ innis He arrived at the house of the foster-mother e dhi gur h-e a bh’ ann : —“ falbh thusa, ’us of the lass, f He told her that it was he who had abair ris a’ chaileig tighinn an so, ’us gun i a db’ come; “ Go and tell the lass to come here, and atharrachadh a h-aodaich ; gu’m bheil mise ann not to change her dress that I am waiting for ’ga feitheamh.” her.” Dh’ fhalbh ise, ’us dh’ innis i siod. Off she went, and delivered the message. Thainig an nighean gun atharrachadh, ach So the lass came just as she was, without mar a bha i. changing [her dress]. Bha esan ’san am a’ cur air a aodaich ann an He was by this time arraying himself in the tigh na cailliche. Thug e deise d’ a h-ionnsuidh- old woman’s house. He had brought a dress so as [na h-Innsean] an lar, ’us bha i fuath- for her from the West [Indies], a dress that was asach annasach, an deise, ’us chuir i uimpe i, ’s' exceedingly rare. She put it on. As for him, bha esan air a sgeadachadh gu gasda; chuir e he was handsomely dressed; he had put on a aodach an duine uasail air. gentleman’s dress. Ghabh e fhin agus ise gus an tigh sheinse. He and she then repaired to the change house. Dh’ fhoighnich e de’n phears eaglais agus de’n He asked of the ecclesiastic and of the other fhear eile, an robh iad a’ gabhail mulaid o’n a man whether they had been wearying since he dh’ fhalbh e. had gone. “ U! cha robh,” ars iadsan, “ cha robh thu “ U ! no, we have not,” they replied ; “ thou fada.” hast not been long.” “ Nis,” ars an seoladair, “ tha mi toileach “ Now,” said the sailor, “ I am desirous of duine uasal a’ bhaile a thoirt chun a’ phbsaidh-— bringing the laird of the place to the wedding; tha sibh fhin eolach air?” do you yourselves know him ? ” Ars am pears eaglais, “ Tha duine uasal a Said the ecclesiastic, “ The laird of this place ’bhaile so eolach orm fhin, ’us ma chluiimeas e is acquainted with me personally, and if he hear gu’m bheil mi an so a nochd, bidh e diombach, that I have been here to-night, he will be mur an cuir sinn brath air.” amioyed, if we do not send word for him.” Chuireadh brath d’a ionnsuidh, ’us thainig an Word was sent to him, and the laird came. duine uasal. Cha robh fios aig an duine uasal gu’n robh a The laird had no idea that it was his nighean ann idir. Ars am pears eaglais, “ Tha own daughter. * The clergyman said, “ I have seoladair again r’a phosadh, ’us tha mi deonach a sailor here whom I have to marry, so I am gu’m bitheadh tu comhla ruinn a nochd.”— desirous that thou shouldst be present with us “ Gle thoilichte,” ars athair na nighinn. to-night.” “ Very pleased,” quoth the father of the lass. “ Eiribh, agus gu’m posainn sibh.” “ Rise ye, that I may marry you.” “ Cha ’n ’eil athair no mathair aig an nighinn “ This lass has neither father or mother,” so,” ars an sebladair, “ ’us bhithinn ro thoilichte quoth the sailor, “ and so I should be very nan tugadh duine uasal a’ bhaile domh air pleased if the laird of the place gave her to me laimh i.” by the hand.” Ars an duine uasal, “ Ni mi sin, a’ sheolad- Said the laird—" That I will, sailor.” air! ” t In English, these sentences would have had a different sequence. “ I shall not wear this dress,+ In sothese I must tales take the my heroine portmanteau frequently with has me, a foster-motherbut I will leave who my protects hat on theher table.” and helps her win her* sweetheart.Perhaps in older versions the bride was closely veiled in the rich dress which the hero I.,had No. given XVlI. her. b, theThis heroine, would weexplain are told, why does her actuallyfather fails disguise to recognise herself, withher. theIn result W.H. that Tales, her fatherintended, unsuspectingly could come and gives claim her her. away to the hero, before the Saxon,J. Ci. Mackfor whom >v. London. she was AN DEO-GREINE. 5.7 THE SECRETARY’S PAGE. the Gaelic public generally will appreciate the full account appearing in the “ Oban Times.” Mar sin dlmibli fliein agus mdran diublx! * * * Bidh an oigridh ag ionndrainn an reotliaidli Members will be pleased to know that An agus an t-sneachda air an Nollaig so. Nadi Comunn has been honoured by the gift of two ioinadh “ bodacb ” nidr a rinn sinn aims na copies of ‘‘ Beatha na Ban-righinn arms a’ laitheau fad as! Be’ iirachadh caile bin a’ Gba’lltachd, 1848-1861,” from His Majesty. The coimliead bhrogaich an latba diugh ris a’ cldeas books have just been received from Captain cheudna, ach cha ’n ann ’sa’ bhaile mb ir a Ramsay, Balmoral Castle. chithear a leithid, sneachd ann no as. Mo * * * gliradh air an diithaicb! Chi siun roinn dhith A large attendance is experienced at all nm’m bi ubh aig an fhitheach. Association Gatherings in the city. The * * * Glasgow Skye filled the St. Andrew’s Hall, and At the last meeting of the Argyll Education the turnout to welcome Lochiel, who presided Authority, it was resolved to institute an at the Inverness-shire, fully justified the engage- inquiry as to whether parents wished their ment of the largest hall in the city. children to be taught the Gaelic language. If it is intended that this inquiry should extend to the Gaelics peaking areas, we would point out Although on a much more modest scale, the that it is entirely superfluous. In these areas Re-union of the natives of Jura was a very suc- the duty of the Authority to make adequate cessful function. A fine spirit of homeliness provision for the teaching of Gaelic is absolute, pervaded the Kingston Halls, and the concert and the attitude of the parents does not affect was thoroughly enjoyed. * it in the least. The obligation to teach Gaelic The Jura Branch of An Comuun has resumed in these districts is as binding as the obligation its fortnightly meetings, which are held in the to teach Reading, Writing, and Arithmetic, and Schoolhouse, Small Isles. The President’s there is no suggestion that parents should be inaugural address was “ Smuaintean air a’ asked if they wish these subjects taught. Ghaidhlig, a litreachas agus a dain.” Songs Better things than this were expected of Argyll. and sgeulachdan followed. Higldand Gatherings coming off this month The Kilmartin Branch Concert in aid of are the Nairnshire on the 9th ; the Mull and Publication funds is fixed for the 7th, and Miss Iona, with the Duke of Argyll in the chair, on Currie has been able to arrange a first-class the 2-‘ird ; and the Uist and Barra—Ur. Murray, programme. The result should be a substan- M.P., in the chair—on the 30th. tial contribution to the funds. The St. Cblmuba Gaelic Choir gave members Beginning about the 19th of the month, we of the High School Ceilidh a feast of song on hope to visit a number of places in Easter Ross 6th December. The Small Hall in the Christian and the Eastern seaboard of Sutherland. We Institute was packed, and the fare provided was feel sure of receiving a Highland welcome from of a very high order. old friends, and to make new ones, in the cause of Gaelic is our whole aim. Much remains to No programme of the " G.G." seems complete be done in the whole Highlands before the pro- without a “ turn ” from some members of the visions of the new Act become operative. Sketch Party. Frequenters of the Faculty Hall, where Ceilidh nan Gaidheal meets, were We would remind our members and readers treated to a first-rate programme of choral, that, beginning with the February number, all duet, and solo singing, and the dialogue, communications re. advertising should be " Clamhas,” which is always fresh. Mr. Donald addressed to Mr. John L. Carvel instead of to Maqphail gave two recitations, compositions of the secretary as at present. It would be help- ful if readers when purchasing from advertisers his late father, Calum Caimbeul Macphail. would mention An Deo Greine. An Comunn are under a debt of gratitude to the proprietors of the “ Oban Times ” for the Alba, an all-Gaelic weekly, reappears this valuable space given to meetings of the Execu- month. It will contain articles of interest to tive Council and Branch Ceilidhs. The Stirling all, such as Agriculture, Fishing, Literature, meeting was one of the most important meet- Art, Sports, etc. • ■ ings held within recent years, and members and NlAMi. 58 AN DEO-GREINE. TRADITION IN GAELIC POETRY. “ I love not the horn blowing, so boldly I hear; sweeter to me the belling of a stag It is hardly necessary to say that by tradition of twice twenty peaks. is meant here literary tradition, the literary inheritance which has descended to the poet The stag of lofty Sliabh Eibhlinn, the stag from the past. In last number reference was of sharp Sliabh Fuaid, the stag of Ealla, made to Suibne Geilt and his adventures. the stag of Orreiy, the fierce stag of Loch Suibne (Suibhne) was King of Dal Araidhe in Lein. Ulster. He went mad with fear at the battle “ If thou wert to sleep in the bosom of hills of Magh Rath, a.d. 637, and thereafter lived as to the soft strings of lutes, more sweet a wandering lunatic, avoiding men and houses, wouldst thou deem under the oakwood, the and frequenting solitary places. The pitiful belling of the brown stag of the herd.” tale of his adventures, entitled, “ Buile Suibne,” Suibhne, according to the tale, possessed the the Frenzy of Suibne (edited by Mr. J. G. extraordinary power of levitation sometimes O’Keefe for the Irish Texts Society) contains traditionally ascribed to madmen; in other much poetry instinct with the feeling for words, he could fly long distances. He spent nature, and, as has been mentioned, there are a fortnight and a month in the cave of Donnan passages that may be compared with part of of Eigg, and went thence to Carraic Alastair Oran na Comhachaig. In the latter, for (Ailsa Craig), where he remained another fort- instance, the poet says : — night and a month. Thereafter he went over the sea until he reached the land of the Britons B’ annsa learn na. diirdan bodaich (i.e., of Strathclyde). The story may well have Os cioun lie ag eararadh sil, been known on the West of Scotland. But Biurein an daimh’m bi gne dhuinnid though the coincidences noted above are fairly Air leacainn beinne is e ri sin’. striking, it is not necessary to suppose that Domhnall mac Fliiomdaigh knew it, or was An uair bhuireas damh Binne Bige influenced by it directly. We are entitled, Is a bheiceas damh Beinn na Craige, however, to say that the sentiments and even Freagraidh na daimh ud d’a cheile, some of the phrasing of Domhnall mac Fhionn- Is thig feidh a Coire na Snaige. laigh’s poem represent a Gaelic literary tradi- tion much older than the poet’s own time, With this compare— which was about 1600 a.d. Nf charaim an sibheanrad W. J. W. Dogniad fir is rnna; I take advantage of this opportunity to make Binne liom a ceileabradh some corrections on Bardachd : Introduction, Luin san aird itta. p. LI., footnote; delete “ the two words are etymologically distinct.” P. LIV., note 1 : the Ni charaim an chomairecht reference to Macfarlane’s Collection is wrong ; Atchluinim go tenn read 11 Margaret Cameron’s Grain Nuadh Binni liom ag damhghairecht Ghaidhealach ” (Inverness 1805), p. 58. Text Damh da fInched benn. L., 102, riuth’ ; 594 aros; 3111, 3114 Cu- chulainn; 3484 beathach (rhymes with leath- Damh Sleibhi aird Eibhlinne, ann); 5630 buille ; 6043 tuaith. Notes:—L. Damh Sleibhe Fuaid feigh, 1418 Crathienaird is of course in Braemar, not Damh Ella, damh Orbhraidhe, in Forfarshire. I hope to get fuller and more Damh loim Locha Lein. accurate information about James Shaw. 4810 “ Gormthulaich eadar da thir” is simply the Da ccodailtea. i ccigibh cnoc green mound between the two sides of the Re tedaibh mine mennehrot grave : 4740 cabhlach: I have now met one Binne liom fo bharr doiri instance of ccibhlctch applied to a land force, Cronan dhaimh dhuinn dhamhghoiri. ••ar coblach treas ” in the Glenmasan MS., Celt. Rev. I., 216. Vocabulary—hall, a flock of These stanzas, which are not consecutive, are birds ; different from “ iall,” a thong : riagh, ? translated by Mr. O’Keefe : — Ir., riabh, a stripe : certainly not “ a snare ” in “ I love not the merry prattle that men and L., 192 ; sian in L. 536, means “a storm.” women make; sweeter to me is the Cairtidh, swarthy, dark-coloured ; the warbling of the blackbirds in the quarter original meaning appears to have been in which it is. •' tanned ” ; cf. ‘‘ cathchriss do chotutlethar AN DEO-GREINE. 59 cruaid coirteliide,” a battlegirdle of firm hard lias, “ agus goirmaoid Eagluis uilidhe no chath- tanned leather; cairt, bark ; Lat. cortex, bark. arrdha dhi ar sou go bfuil si da gach uile Cathardha, catharra, “ militant ” (so H. S. chinelach, agus da gach uile labhra, agus da Diet., Macleod & Dewar; MacEachen). I have gach uile sdaid no sdata, no inmhe fhear agus no instances to support this meaning, which

M1ANN AN EILTIilRICH. Words by Rev. Hector Cameron, Kilmartin. Melody by Miss Jenny M. B. Currie, Ford, and sung by her in the Gold Medal competition, Edinburgh Mod ^IQ, gaining second prize. Of the melody, Professor Granville Bantock said, “ not only original, but of real merit.”

:dhomh d : bhis, | tanrh,1, jI fheudd : -- ar.r dhomh: n | siubhals -n : — gun: s I| dail.1 : - : - :Mo t |I chridhed' : 1 :tha s Imireag 1 : s : Agm I iarrs : -- aidh-m : bhir I ’gr imeachd■ m : — :Gu r T| tirri : -nam -r fraoch: d | fhireachr .d : —’S nam: 1, I| binneans, .n, : - Sian | ard.1| : — :

Theid am bruadar so thairis Is chi mi na bothain ’San cadal gun slaint; Aig fosgladh an la, ' Is sgaoilidh an t-airsneul Aig bonn nan ard-mhonadh Gun dail. Gu blath. Le diisgadh na maidne Gach achadh gmi raineach, Am bristeadh na faire, Gach faiche Ian toraidh, Mo shiiil chi le aighear Is coir aig na’s toil learn An taisbeanadh aigh. Air oir-thir mo ghraidh. ’S e uillt nan sruth caochain Ni mo liath-cheann-sa tromadh Is aoidheile gair, Aig cromadh an la; A’ dian-ruith o’n aonach Ach leagaidh air broilleach Gu traigh. Bhios blath. Is iir-bhrat nan craoblian Cha ’n iarr mi ri’m mliaireanu Air dliith-gheugan sgaoilte, Ach sith bhi aig m’ anam, A’ liibadh gu faoilidh ’S mo shineadh a’m leabaidh Mu’n aodann ’cur sgail. An taic nam beann ard. Is chi mi a’ bualadh ’Se ’n cadal bhios milis Air cruaidh-chreig is traigh Fo ’n bhrat-ghorm thlath; An tonn gorm-uaine Cha tig smuairean gu’m spiorad Gun tamh. No pramh. B’e ’n an-shocair bhuairte ’Nuair dhuisgeas mi rithis ’Bhi sgairte bho’n t-suaimhneas Ni na stucan rium fiughair Tha ’dhachaidh’s na bluaintean Roimh bhlasad air Sion ’S nach fuaraich an gradh. ’S mi siubhal an aird. 60 AN DEO-GREINE. PLACE NAME5 ON DEESIDE gave the key to names. Of tlie noun elements he noted three—" Pit,” old Gaelic or Pictish, Mr. G. M. Fraser, Public Librarian, Aberdeen, meaning a portion of farm or town land (as in delivered the first of his interesting series of Pitcaple, Pitsliga, etc.), “ Kil,” nearly always lectures to juvenile readers last month. Pro- meaning a Church (as Kilmarnock, Church of fessor Jack presided. Mr. Fraser’s subject was St. Marnock, Kilfinnan, Church of St. Finnan, “ Place Names on the Deeside Railway.” etc.); and “ Bal,” from " Baile,” a town (as in Mr. Fraser, who made use of illustrative Balgownie, Town of the Smith, etc.). Of adjec- posters throughout the lecture, pointed out at tive elements he noted two—“ Mor,” meaning the beginning that most of these place-names “ big ” (as in Morven, big hill, Mormoud, the are Gaelic, which arose from the fact that in the same, Morrone, at Braemar, properly Mor Sron, early centuries of the Christian era the whole big nose) ; and Beag,” meaning “ little ” (as in country was occupied by Gaelic-speaking tribes, Bellabeg, Strathdon, the little town). who gave the names to most of the natural ORIGIN OF THE NAMES. features—rivers, hills, valleys, lakes, and so Proceeding then to deal with the Deeside rail- forth, and to such villages as then existed. As way names, Mr. Fraser started with “ Ruthrie- place-names almost never change, those Gaelic ston ”—properly “ Ruaidri’s-town,” based on a, names continued to be used by the English- Gaelic proper name. It was the name of speaking inhabitants, although the English Ruaidri, Mormaor of Mar in the twelfth century, settlers did not understand what the names with the English suffix “ town.” The name meant. Those Gaelic names were always was obviously applied by the English inhabi- descriptive, and they were enlightening to us tants of Aberdeen to the Gaelic hamlet outside both as showing us something of what was in the burgh, and the name liad subsisted in a the minds of those Gaelic tribesmen, and some- comparatively pure form. “ Pitfodels,” the thing of the historical conditions in Scotland next station-name, it was impossible to explain. before written history began. It had to be Pit ” was the land, or held, of something, or noted, however, that those Gaelic place-names of somebody, but whether “ Fodels ” (spelt vari- liad become greatly corrupted chiefly from the ously throughout history) was a personal name fact that they liad been used for centuries by or not would never be discovered probably with English-speaking people who were ignorant of certainty. The name of “ Cults ” illustrated a the Gaelic tongue. The names were often dis- curious thing that sometimes happened with our torted so as to resemble something in English, old Gaelic place-names when used by English and in many cases they had become so changed people. An English letter, or particle, was that it was impossible now to tell the original sometimes added—“ s ” in this case, making it form and meaning. a plural. The original of “ Cults,” as far as could be made out, was “ Coillte,” meaning THB GAELIC TONGUE. “ woods,” so that it was really a plural in its The lecturer instanced the names of Dundee, own tongue. “ Murtle ” was the next station, Perth, and Glasgow as belonging to this class, and the meaning of this was rather doubtful. but pointed out that there were many old names There is a Murthill in Forfarshire, and of this kind at our own doors in Aberdeenshire. Murthly in Perthshire, and in these cases it was He pointed out, however, that in addition to a “ mor-tulach,” meaning “ big-knoll.” Our knowledge of the Gaelic tongue, two things " Murtle ” may be the same. “ Tulach,” in helped in getting at the meaning of those diffi- various forms, was very common in Gaelic cult place-names. One was that as Ireland has place-names, Tillyfour, Tillyfourie, Tillypronie, been continuously inhabited by people who Tullochvenus,, Tullynessie, etc., and it always speak the same Gaelic that came to be spoken meant a knoll, or hill. “ Milltimber ” looked in Scotland before the English came to occupy like an English name, but it was not quite cer- the Lowlands, then the place-names of Ireland tain. As it stood, it would be meaningless are much purer than ours, and often helped to even in English. When the Deeside railway explain ours. A good example of this was the was first surveyed (about 1850) there was a name of Cabrach, which used to be explained as' farm there named Mill of Timber, but that was “ a place abounding in trees ” the fact being not the first form of the name, as there is a map that that it is almost destitute of trees. The in the Reference Department of the Library of right meaning was found in the Irish Cabragh, 1822 with the name as it is now, “ Mill timber.” meaning “ bad land,” which exactly described It was impossible really to say, in the absence of the place. The other helpful thing was that early documents, whether it was an English there are in Gaelic place-names certain elements name, “ Mill of Timber,” or a Gaelic name so that were readily distinguishable, and often corrupted as to be unrecognisable. AN DEO-GREINE. 61 HISTORY OF CULTER. visit will be looked fonvard to with pleasurable “ Culter,” in one form or another, was found anticipation. Mr. Fred. Bruce, who appeared in various parts of Scotland, and was accepted in Oban for the first time, made a most favour- a.s from the Gaelic “ Cul-tir,” meaning “ hacV ableEvery impression. item of those His versatilitythree, in wastrio, unbounded. duet, and land.” Culter, the lecturer mentioned, came solo, was encored, and applauded to the echo. into prominence in the 13th century when the Miss Jenny M. B. Currie, Ford, whom Obanites great military order of the Knights Templars claim as a native of Lorn, established reputation set up an establishment and chapel in the lands in this, her first public appearance since her of Culter, on the south side of the Dee. The remarkablewill wish to successhear her at again.the Edinburgh Mr. D. Mod. F. Forbes They monks of Kelso, who had jurisdiction of Culter was the funny man of the programme, and he and its church, denied the right of the Templars was thoroughly enjoyed. to set up. a chapel within their bounds, hut the Killin.—A Grand Highland Concert in aid of Templars declined to give way. The dispute theauspices Publication of the Killin Funds Branch was inheld the underHall there the’ was referred to the Pope, who remitted it for on 26th November. There was a large turnout, settlement to the Abbots of Jedburgh and Holy- and the President, Rev. G. W. Mackay, M.A., rood. They decided in favour of the Templars. occupied the Chair. The Glasgow Gaelic Musi- Thereupon the lands of Culter became two cal Sketch Party attended, and sustained the parishes—one on the north side of the Dee, and majorplay, “.part Domhnull of the programme.’san Tombaca,” That was delightfulably per- one on the south side, with a church in each. formed, and the first prize dialogue, “ Clamhas,” The parish on the north side, under Kelso reproduced by Mrs. Coutts and Miss Margaret Abbey, whose patron saint was St. Peter, MacDonald, was accorded hearty applause. became Culter of St. Peter, or Peterculter, and Missmedallist, Kate sangMacLean, with pleasing“ Oban andeffect, Lornand ” the parish on the south side of the Dee, under enhanced her Mod reputation. The other the Knights Templars, whose patron was the soloists were Mrs. Coutts, Mr. H. Campbell Virgin, became Culter of St, Mary, or Marycul- (Killin), and Mr. Neil Shaw. Violin selections ter, and Peterculter and Maryculter they byof theMr. programme.Willison’s party The added sum toof the£10 enjoyment has been remain. thesent concert.on to the Comunn treasurer as a result of DOUBTS AS TO ORIGIN OF CRATHES. The name of “ Drum ” was widespread throughout Scotland, and was from the Gaelic LIT1R. “ druim,” a ridge, like a beast’s back. The name of the parish, “ Drumoak,” however, had Fhir DheasachaidhMoran Rimaich, taing dhuibh-se airson nothing to do with either a “ drum,” or an na cairt phostail a chuir sibh thugam, ach nach “ oak.” It was properly “ Dalmaik,” that is, mise tha air mo leireadh a thaobh an naigheachd the land, or field, of St, Maik, otherwise St, a tha innte—gu bheil sibh tinn leis an treblaidh Mazota, an Irish virgin saint, to whom the ghranda, cnatan nan Gall. Tha eagal orm Church of Drum was dedicated. “ Park ” was thachairnach d’ fhuairruibh annsibh anthairis Duneideann air a’ aigghaoid am a’a one of the few English names—the Park of Mhbid. B’e sud am baile aognaidh air iomadh Drum, with a separate designation going back doigh, agus gu dearbh cha b’e seann chrog- to the days of Bruce, aichean mar a tha mi fhein agus sibh fhein a bu (To be continued). choirfuara anaige aghaidh ach ’s beaga chur sud airde na dheanadhclobhsaichean am aobharfior Ghaidheal ar canain, airson agus suspainn mar a athuirt chur miseann anri COMUNN NEWS. dhomhMairi ana dholuair air a thainigan astar mi ud dhachaidh ged nach coinnich-b’ fhiach BRANCH CONCERTS. deoch-bhanean ri Gaidheal uamhasach ann achmath sibh air fhein.a chnatan, Tha agus ’n naGaidhealach ’m faigheadh airson sibh a chuirollag ann,mhath chuireadh de dh’im e theOn auspices a —A ofGrand the ObanGaelic Branch Concert, of Anheld Comunn, under puinnsean a’ chnatain troimh na poran agaibh. enthusiasm,was a great whilesuccess the as financial regards results attendance were veryand beathaBha uair math a bhitheadha’ deanamh drudhag feuma dedhomh dh’ uisge-fhein satisfactory, notwithstanding the large slice of anair diugh,a’ chnatan a dhuine ach an bu seorsa cheart stuth cho amath gheibh dhuibh sibh revenueTax. As appropriatedalready announced, by the the Entertainment proceeds form uisge bhuntata ris, a thuilleadh air gur h-e thebuilding nucleus up ofin a orderfund towhich assist the choirs Oban comingBranch tois chosgrios daor airgid agus a ath’ tha ann e. a bhi dol ’n a dhail leis thewell Obanin spite Mod cf this adverse year. circumstances,The Oban effort thanks did raoir\S annagus direachDbmhnull oirbh Uisdein, a chuimhnich ar seann nabuidhmi an Missvery muchPhemie to theMarquis excellent and programmeMiss Myra provided.Norman, Shaoileamair taghal ormgu robhair ae shlighegu math mach gruamach a Portrigh. an thispast occasion,and tried withfavourites, the result excelled that themselves their next on deidhnach b’tighinn abhaist a dha,ceanna-bhaile ach cha doan leigeilein, mi dadrud AN DEO-GREINE. mhbintichorm. ’S chomath trie leis agus a bhiis toirturrainn chaich da, do ach’n REVIEWS. thachair a dhiol ris an latha ud. “ A Thor- GUTH NA BLIADHNA. Maclaren, Argyll moid,”an diugh—cha ars’ esan, ’n “’eil thug tigh mi uairbotul sam as bithan Royalceart Street, Glasgow. Is 6d. gnn drap spioraid a bhi stigh gun fhios de dh’ quarterlyThe winter supplies number us withof this interesting well-known pabulum. Gaelic dhachaidhfhaodadh tachairt,’s a thug ach mi ’n lanuair na a chaidhgloine mido The opening article by “ A. M. E. ” on “ Na Bharabal dheth, nach aim a bha bleideag bheag someSeann of Cheiltich the views Agus expressed Am Fearann by Professor ” traverses Eoin sgriobhteleante ri air.taobh “ Dea bhotuiltha sud agusa’ ciallachadh? “30 u.p.'' ” MacNeill in his latest book. “ A. M. E.” is “An cuala tu guth riamh air na u.p.’sp ” findsquite muchsuccessful to agree in hiswith contentions, in the book. though “ Anal- he aimhreit“ O chuala,” a bh’ann ars’ esan, an uair“ nach a dhealaichiad a rinn nagach h- aidhean Nan Raithean” are a collection of eaglaisean.” “ Tha, ma tha Dhomhnuill,” arsa waysharp are criticism interesting on Currentas showing events, the otherand in side their of uisge-bheathami fhein, “ deich sin earrannana cheannaich fichead thu.” aca anns“ O maan the shield. Some of the other articles are tha,” arsa Domhnull, “ ma rinn iad na h- tributedfresh and by packed “ D. M.with N. ideas.C.” andThe Alasdair verses Mac-con- aneagiaisean t-uisge-beatha lag le ’nud cuid seachd gleadhraich, mile uair rinn na iad ’s Leoid are agreeable in sentiment, and flow quite laige.” Sud aige beagan de chuid fhein a Chriosdasmoothly. ” deservesThe excellent notice. Gaelic “ Leanmhuinn thoirt’S mise dha thaair deanamhais—agus a’ghlan ghairdeachais chreid e mi.airson anGalldaehd adhartais agus a airtha Gaidhealtachd,’Ghaidhlig a’ deanamhagus is morair Branar,”A copy ofhas a newreached Irish us.quarterly, “ Branar,” entitled, by “ theAn dileasa’ mhoit agus a chotha cairdeilorm asaibh agus fheina tha airsonsibh aircho a way,Roman means type, a whichfallow isfield. an advantage.It is printed The in clearcon- sibh-setaobh. a ’Sleigeadh iomadh airduine nach foghlumaichte robh facal ’nmar a poetry.tributions Isare it distinctlybeyond thegood, wit ofespecially Irishmen the to eanachcheann mardhith, sin ’sa bhanach deanamh e daoine na gbrach dolaidh gaoith- do ar coin“ economic,” words oretc. phrases ? Such wordsto mean as “ politiceach“political,” ” fhadcanain ’s fada bhitheadh an t-siubhail. iad annsBha an i eilean,ceart gu ach lebr a patch“ economiceach,” of green paint. are merelyThe “ BranarEnglish ” is withrun ina chiadcheart bhrag cho Inathair Broomielaw agus a bheireadh nan soithichean, cuid aca dh’a’ theDe Valerainterests as Uachdaranof Gaelic, butna h-Eireann,when it designates we know a’fhas bheurla iad nasal aig lecuid prois dhiubh. agps beurla—agus ’S iomadh b’uair i sin a where19 Plas we Eli, are. Dublin, The and“Branar” the price is publishedis Is 6d. at bhitheadhorain a rinneadh i ’cur ’nmu a chlo-mormo chuimhne air an ceathramh robh fior dhroch dhath comhla ri fighe ghrebsgach: — BUCHANAN,SCOTTISH THEHGHLANDS. SACRED BARDHis Confessions OF THE chiasan“ Bha dubh, a’ mhuiltbha geal, thearaidh.”bha ciar ann, Nachpairt eilde and his Spiritual Songs, Rendered into Eng- Mairsili Mhor fhein aig an tigh an drasda agus hislish Life.Verse; Bywith Lachlan his Letters MacBean, and a AuthorSketch of plaighTha i defhein Shasunnach ag radh lugachgu ’n aicetug aire ghairdean.gealltanas “Songs and Hymns of the Scottish Gael,” pbsaidh dhith ach chi sinn. Chuir i ciil ri Simpkin,“Pet Marjorie,” Marshall, etc.& Co. 5s net. Loudon, riamhbalach anncho angrinn Snidheasort—an deanadach aguse gu ’ma rugadhpbsadh Mr MacBean is no novice in the art of trans- ise fear gun airgiod. Tha i fhein ag radh gu Hislating interest Gaelic inpoems Celtic into Literature readable goes English back verse.to 40 adhairceanbheil caisteal mora mor airaig a’ athair chrodh an a t-Sasunnaich—tha fada as— years ago, and it has never flagged since. His tuigidh sibh, ach gu dearbh ma ’s e sin as aite translationpublished works of Buchanan’s are a testimony sacred poetryto it, andhas hisall bhotuineachaidh ’n a thdo thainig’n duine, e airchunnaic an t-sliose fasdail so. the smoothness of diction that can be reasonably ’S ann oirbh fhein direach a chuimhnich mi an idiomexpected into inEnglish transferring dress. GaelicThis is thoughtnot easy, andfor a’uair mhorachd a thainig gun e—sibh chur aleis, dheanadh a dhuine, an ’sgaire, bruideil ach words in “ our language have a moral signifi- an rud i, ach nach mise tha gbrach, sud an te canceanother which language those do taken not bear.”to be equivalentThis is where in iaig ’g ana cosnadh robh iuchraichean ann an Glaschu. Dallas an uair a bha the difficulty comes in, and no greater praise Tha mise an dbchas ma tha a dheagh charaid, canhas besucceeded bestowed where on Mr. others MacBean have than failed. that heA guach ’mnach bi cuirsibh sibhair eirighan aghaidh mu ’m toit faigh de nasibh phiob so, translator is in a sense cramped if he elects to eo dhiu. keepwisely close done to here. the original,Many haveas Mr. kicked MacBean over hasthe airBhur ur slainte.—Misefaieinn slam bhoagaibh, chionn ghoirid agus traces, and sought refuge in periphrastic render- TORMOD UTSDETN. original.ings which Itcontain has been things often thatsaid thatare notno Englishin the thingtranslation like a fairof a impressionGaelic poem of thecan original. convey any-This Mar sheobhagdh6)bhran guam ian bun sleibhe, uisge, inis onlyany partlylanguage true. suffersNo doubtin translation any great poeminto ThaMar beanchu gumic cat, gu marmathair chat cheile.gu luch, process,another, or,and as something Denham ofput its it:soul “is Thelost insubtle the AN DEO-GREINE. 63 spirit of Poesy evaporates entirely in transfusion mental oscillations that were inseparable from uponfrom onethe languagetranslator into himself another, whether and itthe depends work incrediblethe journey to untilthe easythe dayconventional of his re-birth, religion seem of maygenius not of afterone language all be ais ca/iitlso different mortuum. from thatThe ofour sincerity day. throughout,But the confessions though thebear outlook the stamp upon of Oneanother. of the keenest critics of the early years of oflife ” seemsThe Day hard of and.narrow.Judgment ” looksIf his gruesome, description yet houselee,the 19th century,declared thatFraser “ aTytler, good translationLord Wood- is yearningunderneath for it the all regenerationmay be discerned of the a ‘‘people,” passionate as completelyone in which transfused the merit intoof the another original language work is asso Church,the Rev. saysDonald in the Maclean, introduction Moderator to what of the may Free be felt,to be by distinctly a native apprehended,of the country and to aswhich strongly that Editionregarded in inGaelic. point ofThe scholarship sinfulness theof sin Standard was, in language belongsof the originalas it is bywork." those whoThis speak involves the Buchanan’swith. case, too real to be compromised latora complete of the knowledge language ofon thethe original.part of theIn trans- this For good or ill, we have travelled far from case Mr. MacBean possesses a knowledge that dulumBuchanan’s has swung point tooof muchview. thePerhaps other way the in pen-our wellfew canequipped lay claim with to,a knowledgeand to it heof addsEnglish a mind and spectreage. Butof a toterrible be haunted judgment through such lifeas hewith paints the ClassicalIt is said literature. that none but a poet can translate a would be to live in gloom unrelieved by that sun- poet. Now Mr..MacBean has proved long ago shinewe have which outgrown makes lifethe worthbaby clothesliving. ofIn thetheology 18th thathis rendering he is endowed of Buchanan’s with poetic Hymns instincts, he has,and wein century, and hard dogmas have been softened to think, satisfied Woodhouselee’s test and pro- suitche Highlandsnew points ofof view.Scotland Still, to inthis many day, parts these of ducedDuring a very the readable18th century translation. the Highlands of dogmas have not lost their power altogether, and Scotland produced several religious bards, but theyit must have he hithertoconfessed producedthat, hard types though of character they be, first,in literary and has, power in andthat lucidityrespect, Buchanan a claim to is aeasily seat that commanded the respect of the world. As on the same platform as the two great secular deliveredSir D. Hamilton in India of a Balmacarayear or two said ago/ in a‘ itlecture was isbards, held Alexanderthat he wrote Macdonald on secular and subjects. MacIntyre. If so,It character that lifted Scotland from the depths to no example has been preserved. After all, we anMr. honoured MacBean’s place book among deserves the nations.” a wide sale, not earnestnessmay well imagineof purpose, that and onewho consumedregarded every-with only among Gaels, but also among others who thing as dross in comparison with the realities oftake our some land. interest in the religious development geniusof the worldto that to classcome, of wouldcomposition, hardly bendHe lefthis somethingand they needed more enduringit. The seedfor ishis still countrymen, producing EDINBURGH MOD DONATIONS. fruit. At the same time, an example of word- Dr. Porter, Edinburgh, £1 0 0 paintingwould be intenselyof the scenery interesting. of his Innative his time county the Highlands were slowly emerging from Paganism lishedIn the last list month, of donations for Miss toDora above Mackay, fund pleasepub- first.into ChristianIn process light; of timevery dim,Highlanders no doubt, looked at read Mr. Donald Mackay, Edinburgh. revelation,upon his Hymns second asonly nothing to the short Bible of latera Divine on, imagination.rather than a mereIn our picture own time,formed when in hispeople own NOTICE. are so much governed by the philosophy of the All literary contributions, accompanied by the jolly life, an occasional look at Buchanan’s name and address of the writer, should be addressed Hymns might prove a wholesome corrective. If to Mr. Donald Macphie, j Victoria Terrace, hiswe mayinfancy say underthat Heaven the nurture lay about of pious Buchanan parents, in Dullatur, and should reach him not later than “ shades of the prison house began to close upon the Tpth of each month. thepainfully growing and boy” with all manytoo soon, a stumbleand he uptoiled the Communications regarding the Sale of the Maga- “ altar stairs that slope through darkness up to zine. Annual Subscriptions, and Advertisements, God.” should be addressed to Mr. Neil Shaw. We may be allowed to. say without offence that Secretary, 108 Hope St., Glasgow. A Scale of Buchanan was not a normal boy who lived Charges for Advertisements will be sent on “twenty those aresweet now.” childish There days thatwas toowere much as long intro- as application. spection for that. His confessions as a hoy show The Editor takes no responsibility for rejected it,unique and infrom their a selfpsychological analysis may point be regarded of view, as MSS. ; but will be careful to return such as are whether regard may he had to the troubled times accompanied by a stamped addressed envelope. thatin which formed he livedpart andor to parcel the emotional of his being. character As Life Membership of An Comunn, £2 21- thean illustrationpangs, agonies, of the andquest heart-searchings, after peace of soul,the Ordinary Members 5/- annually. 64 AN DEO-GREINE. The Shop for Gaelic Books. Gaelic Self-Taught. An Introduction to GaelicPrice Postage ciationfor Beginners, invaluable with to anLearners, imitated complete, pronun- 1/6 2d An Rosarnach,Gaelic authors, a galaxy 2 volumes of the ready, best modemeach 10/- 6d TheBardach Wizard’s Leodhais, Gillie, Lewis with Bards, Gaelic now and ready, English 6/- 6d Fionnopposite ann an pages,Tigh a’ Bhlair..... Rhuidhe, A Tale, 2/63d 4d£d Reid’sHandbook New for Elementary Speakers atCourse Gaelic of Meetings,Gaelic, -• 1/-3d 3dJd RosgReiteach Gaidhlig. Moraig. Selections Popular of Gaelic Gaelic Play, Prose, -- 2/66d 4dl|d MacBain’sPosadh Moraig, New Gaelicsequel Etymologicalto Reiteach Moraig, Diet., 12/66d 6dlid MacLeodGaelic and Dictionary, Dewar’s Gaelic-Eng.- - - English-- 12/6 6d AigMaeEacheij’s Tigh na Beinne, Gaelic-English by Mrs. Grant,Dictionary, just pub.-2/6 3/6 4d Gu’nMacDougail’s d’thug I speisFolk doTales ’u Armunn, and Fairy Gaelic Lore, novel - 6/-1/- 2Jd4d Cameron’sDelrdire, Gaelic Highland and Eng.Clearances opposite to pages, 1912, -- 3/62/- 4d Mackay’s Palace Hotel, Gaelic Mission Hymn Book, - - - 1/- 2d BardachdPoetry, Ghaidhlig, Selections from- Gaelic 3/6 6d EDINBURGH. AnCath-chuairt Solaraiehe, Eideird four choice Bhruis Gaelic an Eirinn, Essays, 1/-1/3 2d Highly Recommended. | I TABLEBEDROOM, D'HOTE ATTENDANCE, BREAKFAST, LIGHT, from AND5s. Auraicept na n’eces, Prof. Geo. Calder, 12/6 6d CelticMinstrelsy Lyre, of Gael, the Highlands,and Eng:, sol-faGaelic and & Eng.,staff, 3/64/- 3d6d HUGH MACKAY, Proprietor. Gaelic Songs, little volume in tartan silk, - 1/6 IJd Na Stad gus an ruig thu so. GaelicBiblesAll Post andOrders Testaments must include at sufficientall prices,- for Postage. ALEX. MACLAREN 81 SONS, 360 and 362 Argyle Street, GLASGOW GRAND HOTEL, Glasgow First Class Residential Hotel. WE SPECIALISE IN Unequalled accommodation for Balls, Banquets, HAND-WOVEN TWEEDS, Receptions Weddings, etc. Reception Rooms REAL HARRIS, ST. KILDA, WEST and Grand Hall entirely Re decorated and Floor HIGHLAND, ETC. Renewed. SPECIAL TERMS FOR BOARDERS. LADIES’ AND GENTLEMEN’S BED, BREAKFAST AND BATH, 6/6 COSTUMES, SUITS, Afternoon Tea in Lounge a Speciality. IN THESE FABRICS ARE ALWAYS FASHIONABLE, AND GIVE THE W TAYLOR & CO., MAXIMUM OF WEAR. LADIES’ TAILORS, FURRIERS, Patterns Free in all New Shades. :: :: AND HABIT MAKERS, :: :: 176 Bath Street, Glasgow. J, G. MALCOLM & BINGHAM,NE G RAND Phone—579 Douglas. G. SINCLAIR, Proprietor. CHARING CROSS ( ^0T E L ) GLASGOW. Elementary Course of Gaelic Re-ArrangedBy DUNCAN and REID,Enlarged (Gaelic Master,By NORMAN The Glasgow MACLEOD High School). Price is. Postage 3d. extra. Publishedin bySchools An Comunnand Gaelic Gaidhealach Classes. for use a chreidsinn orra gu bheil a’ Ghaidhlig an CLAR-INNSIDH. aghaidh soirbheachaidh saoghalta an cloinne, tha ’n gnothuch seachad. Tha smior an AnPresentation “ Glasgow of :Herald,” an Address Ag-us to A’Mr. Ghaidhlig, Malcolm Macleod,- - - . enaimh-droma air tiormachadh, agus faodaidh Cruinne-eolasPlace Names on Alba,Deeside, an iarmad a thig ’nan deidh cuireadh a chur FraochNa Piocaich, Geal, air na paipeirean Gallda tighinn chun na TheAlasdair, Secretary’s Mac an Page, Impire—Alasdair, ■ - the Son of the Emperor, falaire. Reviews,Branch Concerts, - - 79 Tha a’ Herald a leigeil air gu bheil oo- Aiseirigh “ Alba,” . . . 80 fhaireachadh aige ris an rim a tha ’n tbir air" An Comunn Gaidhealach, 80 scan chanainean, mar tha Gaidhlig ’sa. litreachas, a dhion o' dhol air chall, ach nach gabh e taobh AN “ GLASGOW HERALD” AGUS A’ ri rian ’sam bith a bhios ’na mheadhoin dolaidh GHAIDHLIG. do’n Ghaidhealtachd, agus a thogas garradh- criche eadar Gaidheil is Goill. C6 tha ’ga Mu dheireadli na bliadlina a cliaidli, thug a’ iarraidh? Ciamar a tha eblas air Gaidhlig ’na Htrald tarruing air an t-sean phort air an robh gharradh-criche? Ma tha a leithid ann—rud e a cluich cho fad air ais ri corr is da fhichead nach ’eil—is iomadh diiilnach a tha leum thairis bliadhna, an uair a bha e ag amharc le taire air air. Shaoileadh tu gur h-ann tha taobh beachdan Mhata. Arnold agus Renan mu na chairdeil aig a’ Herald an diugh ris a Ghaidh- Ceiltich, agus a’ cur a mach le ladamas an ealtachd, agus gur h-e dheoin faire a chumail air aineolais nach robh litreachas againn a b’ fhiach an t-sluagh a chum an gleidheadh o dhol an t-saothair. Chreid m6ran sud aig an am— iomrall. B’e sin gleidheadh a’ chlamhain air Gaidheil eadhon—gun uiread agus an dragh a na cearean. Ach mar tlia an sean fhaeal ag radh bu lugha a ghabhail a chum a’ phuing a tlia da thaobh air bean a’ bhailidh is da thaobh dhearbhadh. O’n am sin tha an dearbhadh a’ air bata an aisig.” Na’m biodh cumhachd a’ fas na’s soilleire, agus mar a tha an rannsachadh Herald a reir a thoile, cha chluinteadh smid a’ dol na’s doimhne, ’sann as motha a tha beartas Ghaidhlig eadar da chloich na Gaidhealtachd. ar litreachais a’ tighinn am fradharc. Biomaid air ar faiceall mu’n teangaidh mhin, gun fhios nach ’eil gath aig a bun. Mur bheil form a’ Herald cho nimheil an diugh ’sa bha e aon uair, tha am fear-cluich na’s Fhreagair T.S.M. gu deas, gu modhail is gu caraiche. Tha e na’s mine, na’s buige is na’s sgoinneil, na bha aig a’ Herald r’a radh. Rinn tlaidhe. Tha e coltach gu ’n d’ aithnich e nach e direach mar a dh’ earbamaid, agus cha ’eil ann a bhi cluich air teud an t-sean mhagaidh ruigeadh am ministir coir a leas ’ainm ’sa ach a’ chrioch araidh a th’ aige ’san amharc a shloinneadh a chleith. Is mor an ciiram a tha mhilleadh. Is seo mar tha a’ Herald a’ nochd- esan a’ gabhail do’n dleasnas a gbabh e os laimh adh a sheoltachd. Aon uair is gu’n toirear mar cheann-suidhe air Comunn a chlo-bhualaidh. Gaidheil socharach a thaobh, agus gu’n toirear Tha ’n dealas a tha e a foillseachadh air taobh 66 AN DEO-GREINE. na Gaidhlige aithnichte do’n Choniurin do ’n cloinn. Ma bhios iad cho socharach no GhaidheaJach uile. Gu ma fada a bhios e air cho saidealta, agus gu ’n dibit iad an cothrom a ceann a ghnothuich. Thug e mar eisimpleir tha ’n bAchd a’ buileacliadh orra, orra-san air oho faoin ’sa tha bheachd gu ’n ciim a mhain biodh uallach a’ chionta. Tha mi Gaidhlig air ais eolas cothromach air Beurla da sgith le bhi dearbliadh do Ghaidheil o chionn ainni urramaoh a choisinn dreuchd ard an greise nach do chum eblas air Gaidhlig balach gnothuicheaii na Rioghachd; ’se sin Mac Gaidhealach air ais riamh ’na dhreuchd, cho ard Mhuirich Ard Chleireach Eireaun, agus Mac-an- ’s ’gam bitheadh i, an ceaman eile do ’n Riogh- Rothaich Ard Chleireach na h-Alba, dithis a tha achd. ’S aim a tha e mar gliunna da bharaile coimhlionta am Beurla ’san Gaidlilig. Dh’ le eblas air da chanain. Aims an am ’sa bheil i'haodadh e ni,dran ainmean eile a rainig gu sinn beb, cha ’n ’eil duine toinisgeil ag iarraidh inbhe aird a thoirt niar fhianuis a chum a’ ciil a chur ri Beurla gu tur. Ach tha e ro phuing a dhaingnicheadh na’n togradh e. B’ iomchuidh, agus nadurra, gur h-ann ’sa chainnt fhurasda dha iomadh sampull fhaotainn aims na mhathaireil is coir an bigridh oileanachadh aims bailtean mdra—Gaidheil a shoirbhich ’nan a cheud cheum, agus an inntinn a gheurachadh ceird ’s ’nan dreuchd, is a labhras cho fileanta, a chum ’s gu’m bi iad ealanta gu Beurla cho blasmhor, ’s cho ceart-chainnteach am iomisachadh an uair a thig an t-am. Is seo Beurla ’sa ni iad an Gaidhlig; agus, dh’ dbigh gach sluaigh air feadh na h-Ebrpa. Ma fhaodainn a’ radh le cinnt, fada na’s eagnaidhe' tha a’ Ghaidhealtachd gu bhi cbmhdaichte leis na’n dream a bhios a deanainh tair air a an uas-oilean is tarbliaiche d’a cor, cha ’11 e Ghaidhlig. An d’thainig ciorram ’sain bith Beurla mhain am meadhon a fhreagras, ni mb ’nan rathad a chionn gu robh eblas aca air is e balgam a tobar Fraingis no Laidinn. cainnt an shuisre? An do chuir an t-eolas sin Saoilidh mi nach dean a bhi muchadh spioraid bacadh a bu luglia orra am measg choigreach? cinneadail moran feuma do shluagh ’sam bith, Is iongantach an cion toinisg a ghreimicheas air agus gu h-araidh do ’n Rioghachd d’ am buin daoin© an uair a thachras do aobhar na Gaidhlige iad. Dh’ fheachadh an spiorad seo fhuadach tighinn an uachdar. iomadh uair le lamliachas laidir, ach bhriichd e mach ’na am fein ge b’ oil le luchd na foirueart. Ach an deidh a h-uile rud c’arson nach Nach eil seo soilleir ’nar latha am measg leigteadh a chuis fhaga.il aims a’ cheud dol a dhuthchanan coimheach? Faodaidh tu do mach aig an Ughdarras ris na dh’ earbadh shall a dhinneadh aim am fuaran fior-uisge, ach ullachadh a dheanamh a reir an Achd? Ach spiitaidh e mu do chasau aig a cheann thall, mheas a’ Herald nach bu mhisd’ iad rabhadh fann ged blia e ag amharc ’nad bheachd-sa. roimh an am fhaotainn bhuaithe-san. Co * * * dhiubh a timid leotlia ’nan dleasnas no nach Na ’n robh an Comunn Gaidhealach an tbir teid, tha e mar fhiachaibh orra seasamh ris— air gniomh a dheanamh a dhochnadh cloinn na rud nach deach riamh orduchadh le Achd Par- Gaidhealtachd, no garradh criche a thogail a lamaid gus a nis. Ged bu mhiann leo, cha ruig chum an cumail iomallach ’nan duthaich fein, an fc-Ughdarras Ur a leas feachainn ri teicheadh gun chothrom air an kite a ghabhail ami an troimh na moguil. Ma dh’ fhas cuid diiibh, a riaghladh is beatha na Rioghachd far an nochd teas-ghradh do’n Ghaidhlig bliadhnachan togradh iad tuineachadh, cha mhor a chuireadh roimhe seo, meagh-bhlath a nis, feumar suil a taic ris. Ach cha ’n ann mar sin a tha. ’Se chumail orra agus an teine fhadadh a chum an tha ’nan amliarc a’ Ghaidhealtachd, mar kite teoachadb. Sanil nach ’eil e rudeigin ladarna cbmhnuidh, a dheanamh na b’ fhekrr na bha i o do’n Herald a bhi tairgseadh comliairle do chionn fliada., a’ Ghkidhlig le h-brain, le cebl, ’s Ghaidheil mu’n canain. Co a chuir esan an le seanu sgeulachdan a bhi siubhlach ’na cathair an Ughdarrais a chum Gaidheil a shabh- criochan; a suidheachadh a chuideachadh, a aladh o aineolas? A bheil fiugliair aige gu’n chum’s gur fhiach i tuineachadh innte, agus nach toir iad dubhlan do ’n Achd mu ’n phuing? leigear leatha a bhi air oir na bochdainn mar a Ciod a theireadh muinntir nam bailtean mora, is bha i tuille as fada.. As aonais na sean luchd aiteachaidh nam machraichean Gallda, chainnt, clia bhi i ’na Gaidhealtachd ach an na’n gabhadh, abair an Comunn Gaidhealach, de ainm—ainm gun bheatha mar a bha aon de dhanadas an comhairleachadh mu Fhraingis no Eaglaisean na h-Asia o shean. Duthaich gun mu Laidinn ’nan sgoilean? Nach freagradh a canain cinneadail, duthaich gun anam! iad, agus sin le lan cheartas; “ Thoir an aire air do ghnothaichean f ein ? ” Fhuair na Gaidheil a nis an cothrom air an robh mbran an tbir o chionn suas ri leth cheud Bu chor lan fhios a bhi aig Gaidheil an diugh bliadhna. Greimicheadh iad air, agus dearbhadh air nadur an oilean chinneadail a tha freagarrach iad do ’n t-saoghal nach deach an t-anam asda AN DEO-GREINE. 67 fliathast, gu bheil aii t-sean eiblileag beo, agus gow; Donald M'Corquodale; James MacKellar, nacb ’eil a dbitb oirre acb am bolg-seididh a Glasgow; Rev. Charles Lament, Saltcoats: chur rithe, agus an luaitlire, a bha ’n impis a Rev. Evan Grant, Govan; Hugh MacCallum, mucbadli, a sguabadh a thaobh. Mebraicbeadb M.A., Director of Studies; Duncan Mac- Gaidheil air suim a’ ghnothuich, agus tha mi air Gillivray, M.A., Rector, Hillhead High School; mo mhealladh mur ’eil a thoiuisg aea a shabb- Peter MacDougall, M.A.; Neil S. Campbell; ailea.s iad fein o bhi na’m ball-magaidli is a’ dol Roderick Maeleod, President, Gaelic Society of iomrall fo bhuaidh claon-bhreith dliaoine a tha London; John MacLeod, London; Alex. Mac- aineolach air na tha fillte ’sa chilis. Ach, mar Sween, London; Robert Stewart; Archd. B. a thuirt mi cheana, an deidh a h-uile rud ’sann M'Fie; David N. MacKay; Jas. A. M'Keggie, air Gaidlieil fein a tha an t-uallach nithean a Glasgow; Archd. Macpherson; Donald Morri- thoirt gu ceann air mhodh eireachdail a son ; M. M. Campbell; H. J. Campbell, M.A.; choisneas cliii o’n al a thig ’nan deidh. Na Ebenezer Campbell; Miss Margaret Macdonald ; biodh iad air a inealladh leis na Philistich, ce Robert Macfarlane, C.A., Treasurer, and others. bith cho bog tlath ’sa bhios iad a’ cagarsaich. Apologies for absence were received from : •— Na biodh eagal orra roimh na bocain a bhios an The Earl of Cassillis ;. Dr. Murray, M.P.; Sir namhaid a’ maoidheadh orra. Fagamaid a John Lome Macleod, Edinburgh; Sir Cliarles chilis mar sin an ceartair, ach biomaid furachair Cleland, K.B.E.; Sir Donald MaeAlister, air na tha romhainn. K.C.B. ; Mr. John M. Macleod, M.P.; Dr. William Mackay, Inverness; Mr. Donald MacPhie, Dullatur; Rev. G. W. Mackay, PRESENTATION OF AN ADDRESS Killin ; Dr. Malcolm MacLennan, Edinburgh ; TO Dr. Neil Munro; Mr. H. F. Campbell, Aber- MR. MALCOLM MACLEOD deen ; Lady Helen Tod, Dunkeld; Mr. Angus Ex President of An Comunn Qaidhealach, Henderson, Stirling; Rev. Coll Macdonald, at a Complimentary Dinner. Logierait; Mr. John Bartholomew, of Glen- In recognition of his services to the Gaelic orchard ; Dr. and Mrs. Watson, Edinburgh; cause, Mr Malcolm MacLeod, who recently ex-Provost MacFarlan, Dumbartoti; Mr. retired from the chairmanship of An Comunn William Campbell, Glasgow ; Mr Roderick Mac- Gaidhealach, was the guest at a complimentary leod, Inverness; Mr Archd. Ferguson, Glasgow ; dinner in the Burlington House, Glasgow, on Professor Magnus Maclean, LL.D.; Miss Camp- Thursday evening, 13th January, when, in pre- bell of Succoth ; Mrs. Christison, Glasgow ; Mrs. sence of a company of about eighty ladies and Reybum, Ballachulish ; Miss Juliet Macdonald, gentlemen, he was presented with an Fort-William ; Mr. J. S. Mackay, Stirling ; Miss illuminated address in Gaelic. Sheriff J. Campbell of Invemeil; Mr. Donald Currie, MacMaster Campbell, Campbeltown, presided, Glasgow (Ceilidh nan Gaidheal) ; Mr. Hector and those present included: —Mrs. Burnley MacDougall, Glasgow; Mr. John Mackay, Campbell of Onnidale; Colonel Burnley Camp- Paisley ; Captain Campbell of Suecoth; Cap- bell of Ormidale; Miss MacLeod, Church Road, tain Kennedy, Rothesay; Rev. M. N. Munro, Ibrox; John Clark, Education Director, Glas- Taynuilt ; Rev. John MacGilchrist, Govan ; Mr. gow Authority; Rev. Dr. John Smith, Govan; Alex. MacPhail, Glasgow ; Mr. Tineas Macka.y, Rev. T. S. Macpherson, Hillhead, Convener of Stirling; Dr. Angus MgeGillivray, Dundee; the Comunn’s Publication Committee ; Lieut.- The Bishop of Glasgow; Mr. John G. MacKay, Col. Rounsfell Brown, Glasgow; Angus Robert- Portree; Mr. William Smith, Dumbreck; Rev. son and Mrs. Robertson, Dumbreck; D. Macfarlane, Kingussie ; Dr. J. L. Robertson, Alexander Bruce, Glasgow; Rev. Dr. Calder, H.M.I.S. ; Mr. Robert Bain, Glasgow ; Dr. Mor- Lecturer in Celtic, the University; Phemie rison, Larkhall; Mr. Neil Orr, Duddingsfon; Marquis; Mr. and Mrs. Archd. M'Culloch; Mr. Peter Grant, Glasgow; Mr. T. I). Mac- Archd. Stewart, Cambuslang; Colin Sinclair, donald, Oban ; Mr. John Macdonald, Oban ; Mr. M.A., architect, Glasgow ; Roderick Nicol, solici- Hugh Mackay, Edinburgh ; Mr. and Mrs. Dun- tor, Glasgow; Colin MacPherson; Rev. Alex. can Macleod, Dumbreck; Mr. Donald Macleod, Mackinnon, B.D., St. Columba’s, Glasgow; J. Glasgow; Mr. Alex. Fraser, Glasgow; and R. Bannerman, Glasgow; Norman MacLeod, others. M.A. ; Geo. Thomson, M.A., M.C. ; A. B. The Chairman, in a few words, proposed the Ferguson; Alex. Thomson, M.C., D.C.M. ; loyal toasts. Donald Maclean, Govan High School ; John Mr. Alexander Bruce submitted the Mackay; R. M. Montgomery; Mrs. Cairns “ Imperial Forces,”/ remarking that the country MacLachlan; Mrs. MacKinnon, Perth; Dr. had every reason to be proud of the Scottish Geo. A. Brown ; Donald Currie, LL.B., Glas- regiments and their achievements., 68 AN DElO-GREiNft LieuteuautrColoxiel Burnley Campbell, in spiritual. The hour had come for High- responding, recalled that it was 55 years since landers. The fiat had gone forth, and Gaelic- he joined the Army, but the service he had seen speaking scholars could now be tutored in their consisted of small affairs compared with the own language, and they must see to it that full recent Armageddon. It had often been said advantage was taken of the measure, and that that the Navy was the last line of defence, but its administration was not left to what he might was it not the first line as well ? Had we lost call pseudo-patriots. If the conditions were the Navy, our plight might have been unthink- altered, the responsibility of every individual able. He could not pick out one Scottish regi- Highlander had been increased. They could ment more than another for special mention, recall from history that their mother-speech but in deeds of valour the Highland regiments had been expressly discouraged; later, the dis- could not be forgotten. The Highland regi- tinctive garb of their people was prohibited by ments had always fought gallantly, and he had military repression, and their music and song heard Lord Roberts say on several occasions also suffered. Gaelic had now come into its that all the honours he had received were own, thanks largely to the help of another High- gained in battles in which he was connected lander, the Secretary for Scotland. In this with Highland regiments. matter, too, they were very much indebted to Mr. Angus Robertson, one of the Vice-Presi- Mr. MacLeod, who, by his judicious handling of dents of An Comunn, proposed the health of the intricate and delicate negotiations with the “ our guest,” speaking first in Gaelic and authorities, had enabled them to achieve their then in English. So far as Mr. Mac- desires, and the fact that they stood where they Leod was concerned, they could easily were to-day was largely due to Mr. MacLeod’s say they were met to praise Caesar, not to bury guidance at a critical period of An Comunn’s him. Mr. MacLeod’s services to the Gaelic history. Mr. Robertson then unveiled and movement could not be over-estimated. There read the address. was not so long ago a very critical period—an The toast of Mr. MacLeod’s health was drunk occasion when it was necessary for something to with Highland honours. be very effectively and pointedly done, and that Mr. MacLeod, in the course of his reply, said in so convincing a way that the education he wished he could fittingly express his thanks authorities would take notice of it. In this for the extraordinary warmth of their recep- connection Mr MacLeod’s labours practically tion, for the honour they were doing him, for overshadowed the work of many others in the the kindness they were showing him, and for field. The situation which arose was one of the beautiful gift in which their appreciation importance, and Mr. MacLeod grappled with it and goodwill were stated in such very flatter- successfully, and this night they honoured him ing terms. It was never a pleasure to him to as a representative Highlander. (Applause.) make a speech in public, and upon the They honoured him as a man of their people, present occasion he found it specially difficult who, by judicious handling of a very intricate for two reasons. In the first place, because and delicate subject, had been the means, along it was impossible for him to acknowledge with others, of securing for Gaelic the standing worthily their great kindness; and, in the it had at the present moment. He looked upon second, because what he would say must neces- Mr. MacLeod—had always looked upon him— sarily be largely about himself. He had the as a loyal sentinel standing at the outpost of pleasure of reading some of the letters of Gaelic progress. They were glad and proud to apology which came to Mr Sinclair, and the per- see that their language had come into its own. son described in those letters, in Mr. Robert- It was a matter for regret, Mr. Robertson pro- son’s speech, and in the words of the address, ceeded, to reflect that Highlanders in the past was so unlike the person he knew himself to had never adopted a cohesive policy towards be, that he felt that he was accepting their con- their essential aims. They knew many indi- gratulations under false pretences. He derived viduals among themselves, but fortunately not some comfort, however, from the truth con- of them, to whom their country now had every tained in the old Gaelic proverb : —“ Is math an right to look for guidance, counsel, and inspira- sgathan suil caraid.” If what had been tion, but who, despite the examples of great written and what had been spoken that night men and the teachings of history, fancied concerning himself indicated how he appeared indifference was an evidence of character. On in the eyes of his friends, while he could not the other hand, members of An Comunn had accept the picture as a correct likeness, he must continued their vigilance with unwavering con- from now on make it his chief concern to prove sistency, and had fought as effectively as they that they were not altogether wrong in their had ever fought, and that with unaltered faith— view of him. He acknowledged gladly and for the faith of the Highlander was lasting and frankly that he was very proud of the address, AN DEO-GREINE. 69

Fae-Simile of Address (reduced). Thework i$ executed in vellum, artistically rendered in gold and appropriate colour. 70 AN DEO-GREINE. wliioh was a most attractive work of art, and a undoubtedly it was the organisation which kept fine piece of Gaelic literary composition. He the movement in being, and wliile they had thanked them from the bottom of his heart for received substantial and much-valued support the extremely generous terms in which they had from other organisations and from individuals acknowledged any services which he had been outside their own ranks, it was true, he thought, privileged to render. There were some present to say that An Comunn was the inspirer and who knew tluit it was with extreme reluctance organiser of the forces that ultimately won the and under very great pressure that he consented victory. While they of to-day could honestly to be nominated for the position of President of claim to have done their part, they could not the Association. He did not think himself big forget those who went before them—the enough for the job. He was not conscious of workers of' past years who laboured in the cause possessing those qualities of leadership which amidst many discouragements, and prepared were naturally looked for in one holding that the way for the success which came to them in office. It was generally admitted that the the fulness of time. The recent revision of the Association was the most influential and education system gave them their opportunity, representative of all the societies that concern and they took advantage of it. He did not themselves with the Gaelic language, literature, think that even then their demands would have and music, and in his view the presidency of it been conceded had they not had as Secretary was one of the highest honours to which any for Scotland a good Highlander, a member Highlander could aspire. He was conscious of of their own Association, and one who having only two qualifications, but these were was personally in complete sympathy with not unimportant, and indeed their absence could their claims. Of course, there were other not be compensated for by any others. In the favouring conditions—in fact, there was such first place, he had a sincere love for the dear a combination of propitious circumstances as old language; and, in the second place, he had convinced them that such a promising situation a very deep interest in the work of the Associa- might never recur, that it was a case of then tion, and a strong desire to further that work or never, and that they must push their claim so far as he possibly could. He deemed it a with all the energy at their command. They very high honour to be called by the votes of had in the principal seat in the Government a his fellow members to the presidency, and it Welsh-speaking Celt, a loyal and sympa- was to him now a matter of profound thankful- thetic Highlander as Secretary for Scotland, and ness to know he had not disappointed their distinguished Highlanders in Parliament i’ke expectations. He looked back with the utmost Mr. Ian Macpherson, Sir Donald Maclean, and pleasure on his presidency. Some friends were Mr. J. M. MacLeod, ready to throw their great disposed to commiserate him when he took influence into the scale in their favour. They office. The impression had got abroad some- had with them, too, all the members represjnt- how that they were not a happy family, that ing Highland constituencies, while the Scottish they were too fond of unprofitable disputations, members generally, with one or two exceptions, and too much given to free and unrestrained were heartily supporting them, they had the criticism of one another. If there was ever a advantage of the active influence and assistance time when that was true, it was long since past. of the three great Presbyterian Churches, and, The harmony, good feeling, and unity of pur- what was of great importance, the story of the pose which characterised the work of the Asso- magnificent achievements of the Highland regi- ciation made it a distinct pleasure to be identi- ments, especially the glorious exploits of the fied with it. His interest in An Comunn was immortal 51st Division, was still fresh in the as deep and fresh as ever, and so long as the public memory, and creating an atmosphere in members did him the honour to return him to which it was difficult to refuse any reasonable the Council he hoped to have a share in its work request made on behalf of the countrymen of in the future. He recognised that the night’s these heroes. Their request was an eminently function was to serve a double purpose. It reasonable one, and it was extraordinary that was meant to mark the success of their long con- it was so long in being granted. What was tinued efforts to secure for Gaelic its rightful their demand? Simply this:—That every place in the schools of the Highlands. They Gaelic-speaking child should be taught to read had been striving for many years to obtain the and write his mother-tongue, and that the statutory recognition they had just received, parents of non-Gaelic-speaking children vho and he thought it was natural that they should wished to have facilities for teaching their rejoice now that their labours had at last been children the Gaelic language should, so far as crowned with success. He considered that the practicable, have such facilities provided. achievement was one on which the Association There were some people even yet who did not had every right to congratulate itself, because seem to understand what their demand was, AN DEO-GREINE. 71 people who appeared to think tha.t they suggesting that in future his place was less with wished to force Gaelic on all and sundry the living than with the honoured dead. Most throughout the Highlands; that they had of the persons he knew of whose names were some hidden political end in view ; that their associated with pipe tunes were dead and gone purposes were more or less identical with long ago. Seriously, he thanked them for their the aims of some of the more extreme sections extraordinary kindness. He accepted it with of their brother Celts in Ireland. Nothing gratitude and humility, and with a wondering could be further from the truth. They recog- thankfulness that they should deem him worthy nised that they lived in the twentieth century, of it. that they could not put back the hands of the Mr. Donald Currie, LL.B., Glasgow, in a few clock even if they would; and, as for loyalty, eulogistic remarks, said that in Mr. MacLeod he did not think he was wrong in saying that they had a gentleman who had more than ful- there was no people within the far-flung limits filled the expectations he aroused when he of the British Empire more devotedly, more accepted office. absolutely loyal than the Gaelic-speaking people Mr. John Clark, Director of Education, Glas- of Scotland. Having got this concession, what gow, said Mr. MacLeod and he had long been were they going to make of it? That was a friends. For years they had dealt with the question more for the people of the Highlands administration of education, and they had had than for the Association, and in the first place their differences, but now that Mr. MacLeod for the Education Authorities of the Highland was his esteemed colleague, the lion had counties. He sincerely hoped that these would lain down with the lamb. The remark- fully and honestly carry out, as he believed they able powers Mr. MacLeod had exhibited as would, the obligation laid upon them in the President of An Comunn were exactly the spirit as well as in the letter. The petition qualities he had shown in his professional life. sent from the Highlands in favour of the Gaelic The following letters were read to the meet- amendment showed that the people of the High- ing by Mr. Colin Sinclair: — lands were desirous that their children should i St. Albans Road, be taught Gaelic, and he sincerely hoped they London, N.W. 5, would see to it, the prayer of their petition 13th January, 1920. having been granted, that the provision made in Dear Mr. Sinclair, the Act would not be allowed to become a dead It is to me a matter of intense letter. There were those who told them— regret to find that I am reluctantly compelled Highlanders among them—that Gaelic was to forego the pleasure of being present at the dying, and who asked what was the use of fight- Dinner in honour of Mr. MacLeod on Thursday ing against fate? He was not so sure that evening. Obligations which I cannot ignore the demise of Gaelic was quite so near at hand detain me here. as these people had assumed. They were all There are few things which could give me dying, but that did not prevent them doing all such genuine pleasure as to join my fellow-High- they could to prolong life to the utmost. The landers and others in doing honour to one whose knowledge that they were dying, if they were whole life and conduct had been characterised sensible people, did not prevent them taking and inspired by “ all that is noble and true and all the precautions suggested by the laws of of good report.” in Highland character and health to prevent premature extinction. If ideals. Gaelic died, something vital would pass away Mr. MacLeod has always placed his great with it from the soul of the Highlander. He gifts of mind and heart with enthusiasm and would lose something vital to his individuality, with unselfish prodigality at the service of his and would be immeasurably the poorer. That fellows from the straths and glens of his beloved day, however, was still far off, and his prayer Highlands; and his unwearied and fortunately and theirs was that it would never dawn. successful work on behalf of the Gaelic cause In conclusion, Mr MacLeod said he thanked can never be forgotten. It is therefore fitting them for the large and liberal and truly High- that occasion should be taken to show that land fashion in which they had conceived and these services are appreciated, although I am carried through this function, even to the point sure that on Thursday Mr. MacLeod “ will of arranging for a pipe tune being made and blush to find it fame.” played in his honour. That was surely the May I come a little nearer and say that Mr. crowning glory of it all. It never entered his MacLeod is one of my oldest and truest friends, wildest dreams that he should live to have that and there is no friendship that is to me more supreme honour paid him. This was fame at dear, nor of which I am more proud. last. The one misgiving he had about it was As a Lewisman, I have always been proud that it might conceivably be regarded as that our island is represented in Glasgow by AN DEO-GREINE. one wlio lias secured such a high a.nd honoured make followed on what Mr. MacLeod had said. .place in the love and esteem of the Highland There were many people in Scotland, Low- people in your great city. landers mostly, who were saying what is the use With best wishes for a happy and successful of bolstering up this old language: it was gathering.—I am, dying. To his mind, Gaelic was taking an Yours very truly, unconscionably long time to die. There were Donald Murray. those present who were familiar with the theory Golin Sinclair, Esq., M.A., of the struggle for existence and the survival 245 St. Vincent Street, of the fittest, and he was convinced that they Glasgow. would agree that no language had had so long 2 Clifford Road, a struggle for existence as Gaelic had. It Stirling, 6th January, 1920. began with the Norse occupation; it survived Dear Mr. Sinclair, the attempts to repress it after the ’45, and the I have waited until the last effects of the Act of 1872, and it was not dead moment to see if I could possibly arrange to be yet. The so-called Scottish language was not with you on the evening of Thursday, th& 15th, the language of Scotland. The language of and regret very much to find that I am unable Scotland was the Gaelic. A Scotsman ought to do so. Believe me, my regret and disap- to be a Gael, and there were more Gaels in pointment are not perfunctory, but very real Scotland than beyond the Highland line. In and sincere. No one in the Gaelic movement any event, the expression “ Scottish language ” has a greater admiration than I have for Mr. belongs to the Gaelic, and to the Gaelic alone. MacLeod’s splendid gifts and accomplishments. They wished well to the language, and hoped Often and often have I had occasion to observe its use would spread until it became greater with pleasure and pride the skilful, genial, tact- than any tongue in the sense of being spoken ful, and businesslike manner in which he ful- by a large number of people. The Sheriff pro- filled the duties of chairman at An Comunn and ceeded to speak of the advantage of having two other meetings; his marvellous faculty for dis- languages, and gave the lie to the assertion that tinguishing between the irrelevant and the a bi-linguist was at a disadvantage in speaking essential in discussion; his unfailing wisdom, in public. Mr Lloyd George was one of the comprehension, and acuteness in guiding the finest examples the world had ever produced of affairs of An Comunn ; and his intelligent the ability of a bi-linguist as a public orator. enthusiasm in promoting the interests of the He saw no reason why young Highlanders old language on every suitable occasion. In should not acquire English and Gaelic concur- these respects Mr. MacLeod occupies the rently. Gaelic was now getting a chance, and highest possible place in my estimation. I have there was quite a probability that their High- always been greatly impressed, also, with the land schools would produce men as great and as striking dignity and capacity with which he renowned as Mr. Lloyd George. Among the uniformly spoke and acted at important public most indefatigable workers for the Association functions. He always said, with charming was Mrs. Burnley Campbell. It was largely felicity of expression, the exact thing that ought due to that lady that the Association now to be said, and showed his great shrewdness boasted a substantial fund. and good judgment by knowing precisely when Mrs. Burnley Campbell, in reply, said that to stop. I never once heard him speaking on nearly every one in the room had done his or such occasions without feeling very proud and her bit according as opportunity presented very grateful that we had a leader who could itself, and according to their abilities. The so splendidly maintain the dignity and prestige love of Gaelic and the Highlands was born in of our Gaelic race. Mr. MacLeod is a great some people. It was a pity that all High- asset to the Gaelic movement. landers were not bom with that feeling, and We all wish him long life, full of honour and occasionally they found men and women who happiness; and, although an appreciation of were only half Highlanders, who had the most mine is not of much importance, still I would intense love for the Highlands. She had esteem it a great favour if you would find some found many cases where this feeling for the means of letting him know that I hold him in Gaelic had descended from a Highland mother. very high respect, estimation, and affection. From her own earliest childhood it was her With kind regards, I remain, dear Mr. intense desire to speak Gaelic, and she found it Sinclair, a rather difficult language to acquire when she Yours very sincerely, began to pick up a smattering of it, and she Angus Henderson. could confess the study of the language had Sheriff MacMaster Campbell proposed “the been a great pleasure to her. She hoped non- Gaelic Cause.” One observation he would Gaelic speakers would endeavour to acquire the AN DEO-GREINE. 73 language, which was a novelty and a refresh- of Mrs. Kennedy-Fraser and Mr. Kenneth Mac- ment to the mind, apart from the deeper feel- Leod, and such cultured exponents of Gaelic ings they must have for the people of the land. music as Miss Phemie Marquis and many others In concluding, Mrs. Burnley Campbell spoke of concerning whose rendering of Gaelic songs he the great admiration she had always had for had heard Mr. Granville Bantock say he had Mr. MacLeod and his work. She knew how heard nothing better, even in Wales—had deeply he was to be trusted, and that he would enriched immeasurably the Gaelic heritage, and do only that which he knew to be right. had laid the whole of Gaeldom under lasting Rev. T. S. Macpherson, Glasgow, who pro- obligation., The workers in the movement posed " Workers in the Gaelic Cause,” said that were a great and noble army, who carried to in a gathering such as theirs, recognition, how- the ends of the earth by their enterprise and ever brief or imperfect, should be made of the endeavour, by the value of their citizenship, to labours of those who in many lands and in many this great Empire, He coupled the toast with directions were promoting the cause of the the name of Mr. Roderick MacLeod, the Presi- language, the literature, the music, and the art dent of the Gaelic Society of London., of the Highlands of Scotland. In the sphere Mr. Roderick MacLeod, who replied in Gaelic, of letters they had many workers whose labours conveyed the congratulations and good wishes had added greatly to the treasures of Gaelic of the London Society to Mr. MacLeod and to literature, and prominent among these were the the Scottish Association. He .spoke of the occupiers of the Celtic Chairs in Edinburgh and work in the Gaelic cause in the Metropolis, and Glasgow Universities—Professor Watson and congratulated An Comunn on having achieved Dr. Calder—names of world-wide reputation in the object for which they had striven so strenu- the realm of scholarship. In journalism, they ously under Mr. MacLeod’s guidance, the teach- had men like Mr. Donald Macphie, editor of ing of Gaelic in Highland schools. An Deo Greine, of whose genial presence illness Rev. Dr. Calder, in an interesting and erudite deprived them, and Mr. Angus Henderson, manner, proposed the toast of “ Education in editor of their new weekly, Alba, published Scotland,” coupled with the name of the Rev. entirely in Gaelic—a new venture which he Dr. Smith, chairman of the late Govan Parish commended to all lovers of Gaelic—-not merely School Board, and now vice-chairman of the because he was proud to call the editor his fellow- Glasgow Education Authority, and one of the countryman, but because of the inherent merit chief educationists of the day. which entitled it to succeed. He drew attention Dr. Smith, in an eloquent reply—one of the to the literary activities in that connection, the finest speeches of the evening—referred to his financial responsibilities of the Publication intimacy with Mr. MacLeod—extending over Department of An Comunn Gaidhealach, and thirty years—and of his admiration for the man referred to an enterprise on which they were at over and above his work. present engaged. Under the joint editorship The toast of “ Tir nam beann, nan gleann’s of Professor Watson and Mr. Donald MacPhie, nan gaisgeach ” was proposed in a characteristi- a series of Gaelic readers for use in schools was cally happy Gaelic speech by the Rev. Alex. being prepared, and it was hoped that by their MacKinnon, B.D., and was worthily responded appearance in the course of this year the Gaelic to in the same language by Mr. John R. clause in the new Act might soon become opera- Bannerman. tive in Highland schools. It was the financial Mr. Peter MacDougall proposed a vote of support which had been forthcoming from thanks to the artistes—Miss Phemie Marquis, Gaelic and Highland societies, and from gener- who delighted the audience with her rendering ous individuals, that has made this enterprise of “ Maighdeanan na h-airidh ” and “ The Road possible. Their aim, however, was more ambi- to the Isles,” to Mr. Neil Shaw, and to Mr. Alex. tious than to provide for the needs of primary MacIntyre, accompanist. Mr. MacDougall schools, and their labours in that direction could referred in laudatory terms to the active part not be regarded as complete until they had pro- taken in the event by Mr. Colin Sinclair, who vided for the training of students in Higher had planned and organised the function; and, Grade and Secondary schools, training colleges, further, let the audience into the secret that it and universities. Without funds, they could was Mr. Sinclair who composed the pipe tune, not overtake the greater task, and these were “ Failte Cbalum MhicLeoid,” so well rendered not the least effective workers in the movement by Mr. Shaw. who give of their means to provide the sinews In the absence of Mr. Duncan Macleod, Mr. of war. It was perhaps in the sphere of music Roderick M. Nicol proposed the health of the that the reality of their movement had most Chairman in a neat speech, to which Sheriff strongly asserted itself in the view of their MacMaster Campbell replied in his genial and fellow-citizens who were not Celts. The work inimitable manner. 74 AN DEO-GREINE. CRUINNE-EOLAS: ALBA. an Inbhir-Thdrsa. Tha leacan air an faighinn ann a bha uair gle mhiadhail air son deanamh Le Daibhidh Urchadan. taobh cheumannan shraidean. Is ann ii SlORRACHDAN IS BaILTEAN . Srnbstnr, bail-iasgaich eile, a tha bata na Tha. Alba air a roimi ’na da sliiorrachd dheug litrichean a’ falbh gu Arcamh. thar fhichead, agus tha aims gach earrainn dhiubh sea cuirt lagha air a suidheachadh aim III.—Cataobh. an aite freagarrach, ris an canar baile-na- Tha aird an lar Chataobh fior-mhonanta le siorrachd, agus thug seo cothrom do na bailtean beamitaichean mora agus lochan donihain, ud air fas na’s motha agus na’s dripeile na fada, caola. Cha, ’n ’eil a’ bheag de thalamh each. aitich iimte ach ’san ear, agus tha an t-siorrachd ’Nuair a roinneadh Alba cha do riimeadh na air fad gu mor air a toirt thairis do fheidh is roinnean aig an aon mheud, agus chithear mar chearcan fraoich. Tha caoraich air na leath- sin gu bheil cuid dhiubh gu mbr na’s motha na adan, crodh is eich aims na srathan agus air na feadhainn eile. Is e Inbhimis as motha agus comhnardan, agus tha muinntir nan cladaichean Clagmannan as lugha de na h-earrannan. Tha ri iasgach. Tha moran coille an sud agus an soirrachdan Arcamh, Shealtainn is Bhoid air an seo. Gheibhear gual am Brura agus or an Cill deanamh suas gu h-iomlan de eileanan. Is ann Donnan. Is e Dornoch an ceann-bhaile siorr- an Leanndraig as motha tha de shluagh agus is achd as lugha an Alba. Tha mealbhanan breatha e Cinn-rois aims an lugha tha. faisg, air am bidh coigrich ri ioman-rioghail. I.—Arcamh is Sealtainn. Tha Caisteal Dhunrobain faisg air Goillspidh. Tha Sealtainn 100 mile an Ear-thuath air Tha Bun-Uilidh agus Briira ri iasgach (sgadan, Gallaobh. Tha sluagh ann an 30 de na adagan, &c.). Bha obair shaluin uair am h-eileanean a tha mu 100 an aireamh. Ged tha Briira, agus tha clachan-cre air an deanamh ann an talamh comhnard, cha ’n ’eil e gle thorach, an diugh. agus tha na cladaichean ard, creagach agus garbh. Is iad na h-oibrichean as toirteile agus IV.—Ros agus Crombagh. as airgiodaiche iasgach, figheadh, agus arach Tha taobh an lar agus meadhon na siorrachd chaorach agus each bheaga. ’Siad Tirmor, anabarrach beanntach, agus tha an aird an Ear Gheill, agus Unst na h-eileanan as mo. Is e comhnard. Tha an comhnard air a dheagh Learuig am baile as fliaide tuath am Breatuinn aiteach, tha frithean anns na monaidhean, agus agus priomb chala-sgadain Alba. Tha iomadh tha. moran chaorach air an arach. Tha iasgach baile-beag iasgaich aims na h-eileanan, agus ’ga oibreachadh an lar agus an Ear araon aims eadar Learuig is iadsan, tha triun sgadan Alba na lochan agus na cuaintean. Buinidh Lebdhas air a mhaibhadh. do Ros, agus tha an treilean ainmeil airson An Arcamh tha 65 eilean, le sluagh an 27 sgadain agus clodh. Is ann an Leodhas tha am dhiubh. Tha iad letheach eadar Gallaobh is baile as mo anns an t-siorrachd, Steornabhagh, Sealtainn. Tha na h-eileanan comhnard, agus iomraiteach mar bhail-iasgaich. Tha In’ir- tha aiteach, iasgach, arach each, chruidh is pheofharan aig ceann Linne Chrombagh, ’na aite chaorach a’ toirt cosnaidh do’n t-sluagh. Tha malairt, agus is e ceann-bhaile na siorrachd. Is Acarsaid Scapa ainmeil bho am a’ Chogaidh ann faisg air a tha tobraichean slainteil Shrath- Mhoir. pheothar. B’e Baile Dhuthaich an ceann- Tha Circe-bhal agus Stroimnis iomraiteach bhaile aon uair. Tha muileann-aodaich ann air son sgadain. Anns a cheud fhear chitear agus taigh-stail aim. Tha an t-seann eaglais seann eaglais coisrigte do’n Naomh-Manus. air a coisrigeadh do ’n Naomh Duthach. Fhuair Tha maraon Arcamh agus Sealtainn nam ban-righ Raibeart Bhruis comraich an so ri linn fearann lorn, oir cha ’n ’eil craobhan idir annfca. allaban an righ. Cha ’n ’eil moran acarsaid an II.—Gallaobh. Alba as fhearr na Inbheargordon. Chithear air Tha Gallaobh an oisinn an Ear-thuath Alba, taobh eile na linne Crdmbagh, an t-aite anns an comlmard ris a’ chladach, agus monanta a stigh. d’ araicheadh Uisdean Muillear, bail-iasgaich. Tha caoraich air na h-aonaichean, crodh is eich air a’ chomlmard, agus thSi an comhnard air a dlieagh aiteach. Is iad iasgairean tha a’ comh- T W E E I> S—Guaranteed Genuine by An nuidh ri cladaclu Blia Inbhiruig fada a’ toirt barr ann an Comunn Gaidbealach—sold by R. G. Lawriej iasgach sgadain, agus tha e fhathast ainmeil air 60 Renfield Street, Glasgow. Suits and sgath sin. Tha iasgach m6r air a chur air tir Costumes made. AN DEO-GREINE. 75 PLACE NAMES ON DEESIDE The name was tjie same as '' Lumphanans,” near Dunfermline, " Llanfinan,” in Anglesey, “ Kilfinnan,” on the Clyde, and “ Kilfinnane ” in “ Crathes ” was a very difficult name, Limerick, Ireland—all dedications to St. about which probably there would never Finnian. With regard to “ Dess,” the lec- be agreement. The most likely explana- turer pointed out that in earlier times the name tion, so far, was that it represented the was written both “ Deis ” and “ Desk,” but it Gaelic “ creathach,” brushwood, which would had been in use for centuries before the earliest indicate a wild place, overgrown with under- known written form (1589). If the original uwood. It was evidently the same name as form were “ Deis ” or “ Deas,” that would mean Crathie,” the parish in which Balmoral stands, the place “ to the south-ward,” and if they with the addition of the English “ s.” Mr. looked at a map of Deeside they might be sur- Fraser drew attention to the two chief historical prised to see that Dess was almost due south interests of Crathes—the Castle, and the little of Lumphanan, the Church of St, Finnian, so bridge over the Burn of Crathes that still stands that Dess may possibly have been named in near the railway. This was the bridge that relation to that. carried the old Braemar highway over the OTHER NAMES. stream before the making of the Deeside turn- In the same way Mr. Fraser dealt with the pike over a century ago and belonged to the names of Aboyne, Dinnet, Cambus O’May, and pack-horse period, like the old Ruthrieston Ballater—all Gaelic names, more or less cor- Bridge at Aberdeen. rupted. “ Cambus O’May ” was perhaps the HOW BANCHORY GOT ITS NAME. least so. “ Cambus ” appeared in many place- The name of Banchory was the same as names in Scotland—such as Cambus and Cam- Bangor, in Wales, Bangor or Bannghar, in Ire- buskenneth, Stirling; Cambuslang, in Lanark- land, Banchory in Forfarshire, and Beannachur shire ; Cambusdoon, Ayrshire ; and others. In on “ Speyside.” They all seemed to be from Ross-shire alone there were no fewer than nine- the root “ beann,” meaning “ horn ” or “ peak,” teen “ Cambuses.” It came from the Gaelic and would have reference to a neighbouring hill. root “ Cam,” crooked, and in a place-name The names of Banchory Devenick and Banchory- “ Cambus ” always meant something bent, or Ternan took us into the associations of the early crooked, often a bay. “May” was the Gaelic Christian missionaries in this part of Scotland— “ magh,” a plain, and the whole name meant of St. Devenick, the follower of St. Columba, the “ bend in the plain,” referring to the double who set up his chapel in the place now called bend made by the Dee in the flat land near after him, Banchory-Devenick, and St. Ternan, Cambus O’ May railway station. In closing, the disciple of St. Palladius, who crossed the Mr. Fraser said that although Braemar was not Deeside hills from Fordoun and brought the quite on the Deeside railway, it was such a well- light to the region of Banchory-Ternan. “Glas” known Deeside name that it could not be in Gaelic meant green, or grey, and “ Glassel ” omitted. “ Mar,” of course, was the district was supposed to be “ Glas-alt,” “ Green Burn.” of that name. " Brae ” was an interesting and There were other places still named “ Glas-allt ” enlightening word. In English, it meant a in Scotland, and many places named “ Green- slope, or hillside. Many persons thought it bum ” ; in fact, there was a place named Green- was a Scots word, but it was really English bum at Glassel, on the south-west comer of the (M.E., bra), and was still used in Yorkshire, Hill of Fare. “ Torphins ” was a very difficult Lancashire, and other northern English coun- name. The earliest known spelling was ties. In Gaelic, there was also the expression “ Turrfins,” so that the first part of the name “ braighe,” meaning the upper part of anything, was evidently “ Torr,” a hill or knoll. The and it appeared in many place-names besides second part had been explained as “ fionn,” Brae-mar, in this country and in England. Bray, white, or lighbcoloured, so that the name might in Berkshire, celebrated in “ The Vicar of Bray,” possibly enough be “ Torr-fionn,” the light- was the same name as our “ Brae” in Braemar. coloured knoll, with the English plural added. Very likely the English word “ brae ” that is still used in Lowland Scotland and in the north But nobody can say for certain. of England and the Gaelic “ braighe,” meaning LTJMPHANAN WELSH GAELIC. almost the same thing, are cognate, descended “ Lumphanan ” was one of the most interest- from a common root. In that case the name ing place-names in our district. Like the name “ Braemar ” would be the only place-name in of Aberdeen itself it was Welsh Gaelic—pro- jur region that he knew which is both English perly “ Llanfinnan,” or “ Llan-Finnian,” the and Gaelic, and brought together the two great Church of St. Finnian, the famous Irish saint, languages that they had been considering in this teacher of St. Columba, died about a.d. 550. lecture.—From the Aberdeen Free Press. 7.6 AN DEO-GREINE. NA PIOCAICH. tuath. Mu ’n am ud bha “ Na Piocaich ” lionmhor agus gaisgeil ann an cogadh. Is fhada bho ’n a chualas mu “ Na Bha ceann-suidhe aca ’san Taobh Tuath far a Piocaich.” Ach co b’ iad an sluagh mu bheil sinn bheil roinn de bhaile Inbhimis air a thogail, a’ leguhadh na b-uibhir fo’n ainm sin an agus far an deachaidh fear de ’n cuid righrean eachdraidh na h-Alba o shean? Chaidb a’ iompachadh leis an fhirein ainm eil “ Colum cheist so a fhreagairt air doigh agus doigh—air Cille ciiiin.” An Taobh Deas Alba bu cheann- cuid de dhoighean nach ’eil gu leir fior. suidhe dhoibh Dun Chailionn, no air uairean- Is e> a’ bheachd acasan a rannsaich a’ cheist Dun Sgain, far an deachaidh aireamh de g’a ciil gu’m b’e “ Na Piocaich,” aims a’ chuid righrean Alba ’chrunadh bho thim gu tim o mhor, earrann de’n hsluagh anns an Eilean shean. Tha e air innseadh gu robh mu dha Bhreatunnach ris an cante “ Na Breatunnaich ” fhichead righ bho linn gu linn air “ Na gu cumanta bho linntean aosmhor ann an eachd- Piocaich,” agus gu’m b’ ann a thaobh na. mathair raidh an Eilein, do ’n d’ thugar an t-ainm ud a bha dlighe gach seilbh a’ ruith. aims an roinn de’n Eilean ris an canar ann ar Ged a thug “Na Piocaich” buaidli a mach uair tim-ne “ Alba,” agus an taobh tuatli is uair air na Sasunnaich agus air na Scotaich, Eirinn cha ’n ’eil e gle fhurasda a radh fhuair, mu dheireadh, mu’n cuairt do mheadhon le lan chinnt ciod is brigh do ’n ainm na naoidheamh linn, na Sasunnaich lamh an “ Na Piocaich.” Tha cuid de luchd- uachdar orra. eachdraidh a’ deanamh a mach gur ann bho ’n Fo riaghladh Choinnich Mhic Ailpein, an fhocal “ Pictus,” d’ am brigh anns an Laidionn righ a bha air na Scotaich aig an am ud, chaidh “ daithte,” a thainig an bainm a thaobh gu’m an da rioghachd aonadh, agus an deidh sud biodh an sluagh a bha an sud a’ cur dhaithean theirteadh “ Scotland ” aims a’ bheurla ris an orra fhein, a chum, a reir an sgeula, an deanamh earrainn de ’n Eilein Bhreatunnach ris an canar na b’ fhiadhaiche ann an cogadh. “ Alba ” gus an latha diugh anns a’ Ghaidhlig. Cha ’n ’eil e uile gu leir mi-choltach nach Tha e ri thoirt fainear gu’m bu “ Cheiltich ” na fhaodadh am focal “ Piets ” tighinn bho ’n ainm Scotaich agus, mar an ceudna, ann an seadh mor “ Na Piocaich ” anns a’ Ghaidhlig; ach ge bu “ Na Piocaich,” agus mar sin gu’m bu ghnb ciamar dha sin theirteadh, mar an ceudna, “ Na chairdean iad gu leir ’sa cheann is fhaid as. Cruithnich ” ann an Alba agus “ Na Cruithean “ Lean gu dluth ri cliu do shinnsir.” Tuath ” an an Eirinn ri “ Na Piocaich ” mar A. MacD. luchd-duthcha. Tha e ri chreidsinn gur e Gaidhlig a bu chainnt do “ Na Piocaich —is e sin r’a radh FRAOCH GEAL. Gaidhlig car mar a tha gus an latha diugh an Fraoch goal; cha ’n ’eil ann ach am badan cleachdadh am measg an earrainn sin de na scan A bhuain mi ’sa mhaduinn air raon; Bhreatunnaich ris an canar “ Na Cuimrigich.” ’S trie chur mi le speid gu mo leannan, B’e sud meur de na cainntean Ceilteach a bha ’Sa liubhair e ’theachdaireachd gaoil. Ceiltich a’ bruaidhinn—-dream cumhachdach a Ged bu bhoidheach a’ bhlath air a’ mhonadh, ghabh seilbh anns an Eilean Bhreatunnach bho Is fhaile cho ciibhraidh ’sa ghaoith ; shean. Agus tha e ri thuigsinn gu’n d’ thainig Bu ro-bhoidhche learn snuadh mo bhean dream eile de na Ceiltich a dh’ ionnsuidh an chomuinn, Eilein a bha a’ cleachdadh a’ mheur de’n Bu ro-chiibhraidli learn anail mo ghaoil. Ghaidhlig air a bheil solus againn ’nar tim fhein, an Eirinn agus an Alba. B’i so A’ ghrian ag eirigh ’sa mhaduinn a’ chainnt aig “ Na Scotaich,” an sluagh a A’ sughadh na dealt bharr a’ ghruaidh; thainig do Bhreatunn Thuatliach mu ’n cuairt ’S an seilein ag 61 na meala, do choig ceud bliadhna ’n deidh breth Chriosda. ’S le srann ’ga tarruing g’a chuaich. Is e dream cumhachdach eile a bha anns “ Na Dhearrs oiire-se gathan nam Flaitheas. Scotaich.” Anns na timean mu bhedl sinn a’ Thug ailleachd aingil d’a snuaidh ; sgriobhadh bha ’n t-Eilein Breatunnach gu luath Chriochnaich i h-obair air thalamh, a’ tighinn gu bhi ’na dha earrainn—earrann gu ’S tha m’ fhardach-sa falamh is fuar. tuath agus earrann gu deas. Ann am Breatunn Ged sheargas am blath air a’ mhachair, gu tuath bha “ Na Piofcaich ” agus “ Na Gu ’m fas e fhathast a suas; Scotaich ” gu trie an aghaidh a cheile, agus air Ged theicheas an seilein fo thalamh, ^ uairean eile le a cheile an aghaidh muinntir Gu’n diiisg e ’san Earrach a shuain. Bhreatuinn gu deas—na Sasunnaich o shean. Air an fhod tha comhdach mo leannain, Ach cho deireannach ris an t-seachdamh linn Bidh neoineanan geala a’ fas, an deidh breth Chriosda theirteadh “ Na Ag urachadh dhomhsa daingean, Piocaich ” ri na h-Albannaich gu deas agus gu Nach till aon againn o’n bhas. —Niall. AN DEO-GREINE. 77 ALA5DAIR, MAC AN IMPIRE ALASDAIR, THE SON OF THE (Air a Imntuinn.) EMPEROR ( Continued) Rug e air laimli air a nighinn, ’us thug e air He took the lass by the hand and gave her by laimh do ’n t-seoladair i. the hand to the sailor. Phos iad. They [were] wedded. Thhisich esan an so air deanamh naidheachd. It was at tliis point that he began to speak, and reveal things. “ A dhuine uasail, nach robh maighstir sgoil “ Sir Laird, was there not a schoolmaster in ’san aite, ris an abradh iad Domhnall Sgoilear ? ” this place, whom they called Donald Scholar ? ” “ Bha a leithid sin ann.” “ There was indeed such a one.” “ An aithnicheadh sibh e? ” “Would you recognise him?” “ Tha mi ’stnaointeachadh gu’n aithnicheadh. “ I should think I would. I knew that man B’ aithne dhomhsa fior mhath an duine sin.” very well.” “ Bha e’g radh riumsa gu’n deachaidh e fhin “ He was telling me that he quarrelled with a agus duine uasal thar a cheile, mu leanabh gentleman about a young lass that the gentle- caileig a bha aige.” man had.” “ Bha a leithid sin ann.” “ There was, indeed, such an occurrence.” “ Is mise,” ars esan, “ Domhnall Sgoilear, “ Well then, I,” said he, “ am Donald Scholar, agus am bheil beachd agad mar a thuirt mi riut and hast thou any recollection of how I said to aig ceann do thigh© fhein gu’n tugadh thu do thee at thine own house end, that thou slmuldst nighean domh air laimh fhathast? [Chan fhaic yet give me thy daughter by the hand ? [Thou thu tuillidh i].” f shaft see her no more.] ” f Mhionnaich an duine uasal do’n droch aite e. The Laird cursed him to the bad place. But ’Us cha d’ innis e do’n duine uasal co e, no d’ise; he i did not tell the Laird who he was, neither cha b’ fhiach leis innseadh ! Bha e coma! did he tell her; he scorned to do so ! He oared not! Luigh iad ’san tigh sheinse an oidhche sin. That night they slept in the change house. An la’r-na-mhaireach thuirt esan rithe-se, On the morrow, he said to her, “ Stay thou “ Fuirichidh tusa an so gus an tig mise air m’ here till I come back.” ais.” “ Gu de fhad’s a ruigeas tu 1 ” “ How far art thou going ? ” “ Coma leatsa gu de fhad’s a ruigeas mi, ach “ Never mind how far I am going, but go not na teirig thusa gu tigh t’athar gus an tig mi, ’us to thv father’s house till I return, and do not na fag mise breugach. Bidh mi agad mu da * make me a liar. § I will be with thee about uair a maireach, ’us paidhidh mi na h-uile sgath two o’clock on the morrow, and I will pay for air do shon.” everything on thy behalf.” Dh’ fhalbh e, ’us fhuair e gigachan agus Away he went, and procured gigs and car- carbadan, agus rainig e an oidhche sin tigh a riages, and arrived at his own father’s house athar. Cha robh duine a stigh, ach a that night. When he came, there was nobody mhathair an uair a rainig e. Chuir e failt air indoors but his mother. He saluted the old an t-seana bhoirionnach, an uair a chaidh e dame when he came home. dhachaidh. “ Caite am bheil an fc-Impire ? ” ars esan, “ am “ Where is the Emperor? ” quoth he ; “ is he bheil e aig an tigh ? ” at home ? ” “ Cha ’n ’eil,” ars ise, “ tha e ’gabhail sraid.” “ He is not,” said she ; “ he is taking a walk.” “ An robh mac no nighean riamh agaibh ? ” “ Did you ever have son or daughter ? ” “ Bha [mac], ’us cha bu narach domh iomradh “ I had [a son], and no disgrace to me to air, cuideachd.” speak of him, either.” “ An e basachadh a rinn e ? ” “ Did he die? ” “ Ma ta, chan e basachadh a rinn e. Chaidh “ Well, then, die he did not. He and the e fhin ’us an t-Impire a ghabhail sraid, ’us [cha] Emperor went out to take a walk, and we never chuala sinn iomradh riamh tuillidh air.” heard mention of him again.” occasiont Thou justifies shalt see the her insertion no more. of thisThe sentence. hero’s conversation with the offending Laird on a later +§ He—i.e.,I have told Alasdair, thy father the heEmperor’s should see son—masquerading thee no more. If for thou the gomoment to his ashouse, Donald thou Scholar. wilt make my* Notwords “mu untrue. dha uair,” as one would have expected, J. G. MACKAY, London 78 AN DEO-GREINE. THE SECRETARY’S PAGE. The late Miss Yule of Tarradale, Muir of Ord, a Life Member of An Comunn, by her will has Tha mi a’ sgriobliadh so bho ’n tuath far a provided for the opening of Tarradale House bheil coinneamhan aig a’ Cheann Suidhe is agam as a place of rest and refreshment for poor fhein gacb feasgar. Tha sinn a’ dol a scholars or other students, preferentially, but sgriobhadh mar a thachair dhuinn airson an not exclusively, those no longer young or for ath airaamh agus gheibh sibh an uair sin other causes unable to seek much refreshment cunntas air mar a chaidh leinn. Tha moran unassisted. These must be British subjects chairdean aig a’ Ghaidhlig an so fhathast agus and of Scottish, preferably Highland, birth or bidh barrachd aice mu ’n till sinn air ais. at least descent.’ Mr Ian Macpherson, K.C., M.P., Chief Sec- The Rev. G. W. Mackay, M.A., Killin, Presi- retary for Ireland, addressed an audience of dent of An Comunn, was present at the Dundee 1,400 in the Rose Street Hall, Inverness, Highland Society’s Annual Ceilidh last month, recently. He touched upon matters of imporh and addressed the gathering for a quarter of an ance to people living within the Highland area, hour on the work of An Comunn. Dr. Angus such as wages of agricultural labourers, land MacGillivray, Chief of the Society, presided. settlement, and the new Transport Act. He * * * also spoke of the water-power resources of Mr John N. Macleod, Errogie, gave a lecture Inverness. We regret having to add that Mr on “ Grain Ghaidhlig ” in Knoydart Public Macpherson has had to go to the South of School recently. Rev. John Mackay, parish France to recuperate.from a severe cold. minister, presided. Mr. MacLeod discussed the history of Ossianic ballads, etc., singing Mr Robert Munro, K.C., M.P., Secretary for typical examples. Rev. Father MacLellan Scotland, was entertained to dinner by the Ross proposed a hearty vote of thanks to the lecturer, and Cromarty Branch of the Educational Insti- and thereafter a-large number of Gaelic songs tute of Scotland in the National Hotel, Ding- were contributed by ladies and gentlemen wall, last month. Mr Hugh A. Fraser, M.A., present. presided, and in proposing the health of the * # * guest of the evening, said Mr Munro had given A number of Highland Gatherings are due teachers their Magna Charta. For the first to take place early this month. The Suther- time teachers had some voice in the control of landshire leads off on the 2nd, and is followed Education, and, as a Gaelic-speaking High- by the Oban and Lorn, Gairloch and Loch- lander, he thanked Mr Munro for giving Gaelic broom, Highlanders’ Memorial Musical Associa- statutory recognition. tion, and others. * * * Mr Munro, in replying, said it was only Miss A. C. Whyte recently formed a branch partly true that the increase in the Education of An Comunn in Glen Etive, which has already rate was due to the measure. Most of the a membership of 30. With Miss Whyte as additional expenditure was due to increase in secretary, we are sure the branch will prosper, teachers’ salaries. Before the Act came into and we have promised to pay the Glen Etive operation, a large number of School Boards and Dalness Branch a visit in March, weather had adopted the Craik scale, and in self-defence and. circumstances permitting. The “ Glen ” the others would soon have to follow suit. The lias manv attractions for a student of Donncha teachers, however, being better paid, might Ban. give better work. Our readers will learn with regret of the * _ * * death of Mr. Donald MacDonald, Ottawa, Mr Archd. MacCulloch, author of “ Domhnull Canada,, a. frequent contributor to the maga- ’san Tombaca,” “ Clamhas,” and other plays, zine. As recently as October, his paper on delighted Ceilidh nan Gaidheal recently with a “ An Gaidheal ann an Canada ” appeared. Mr. paper on “ Gnothuichean Gaidhealach.” His MacDonald was a native of Tiree, and from the conversations with “ Spiorad nan Gaidheal ” Dominion sent yearly contributions to the and “ Spiorad na Ceilidh ” were delightful, and syllabus of Ceilidh nan Gaidheal. Mr. Donald he has the rare genius of combining philosophy Currie, secretary, paid a deserving tribute of with humour. There was much sound sense praise and resnect to the late Mr. MacDonald in his “ oraid,” and the Ceilidh thoroughly at a recent meeting of the Ceilidh. enjoyed it. NlAtL. AN DEO-GREINE. 79 BRANCH CONCERTS. Skye Homespun ConcertKilmartin at Kilmartin,.—The promoters which promisedof the soBranch well, stormiestwere very night unfortunate of the winter. in experiencingIndeed, it maythe recentbe said years. that theTrees evening were blownwas the down stormiest in several of Cheviot Tweed & places,an extent and that streams in parts and the rivers roads swelled were rendered to such impassable. The singers from Glasgow were Motor Reversible Cloths. Missheld upCurrie at Portsonochan,and her willing but workers notwithstanding provided a lean,programme Clark, ofCampbell, first-rate andquality. Gauld Messrs.assisted Mac-with pipeing the music, storm, songs, the numberand recitations. who turned outConsider- shows DIRECT FROM LOOM TO supportersthat the people of An ofComunn. Kilmartin are enthusiastic WEARER theRvllachulisu.—Mrs, Art and Industry Committee,Reyburn, Convenerwho is resi- of (AS SUPPLIED TO ROYALTY) denton thein Ballachulish,16th inst. arrangedThe weather a concert was excep-there Thetionally dialogue, stormy, “ butClamhas,” a large wasnumber a great turned attrac- out. iton, and Mrs. Coutts and Miss Macdonald gave Patterns and Prices on Application selectionsof their best. on theMr piobmhor, Neil Shaw, and secretary, also contributed played Missa few Valance Gaelic solos.and Mr Mrs.MaeColl Boyd, renderedMrs. Coutts,Gaelic Mr.and ScottishBey burn songspresided, in a veryand pleasingat the close manner. Mr Portree Wool Mill Co., Ltd. MrShaw Boyd addressed made some the meetingpleasant in remarks Gaelic, inand propos- Rev. (G. Dept ), 13 HIGH ST., INVERNESS ingStev/art, a vote who of playedthanks theto accompaniment.the artists and Miss sidedTayinloan.—Mr over a large audienceMacDonald at Tayinloanof Largie on prethe occasionSchool children of the concertfrom Rhunnhaorinein aid of Comunn opened funds. with “ Suas leis a’ Ghaidhlig,” and others contri- RELIEFIMMEDIATE FROM /\^A 'TI 11i-S /VIA,A/I A COLDS.COUGHS, &c. butedDonald solos thanked and recitations.the audience Rev. as representingD. J. Mac- concertAn Comunn was forhighly their successful support ofin theevery cause. way. The VA A r> I Maori Cigarettes affords instant REVIEWS. 1 relief from Asthma, Chronic Bronchitis, Coughs and Colds, THE SCOTTISH REVIEW. 1/6. CIGARETTES robbing these distressing troubles This quarterly magazine, “ devoted to the of their terrors by gaining causereaders of withthe independencespicy fare which of Scotland,” compels suppliesone to perfect control over all attacks. think. Its writers are competent to deal with Price 2 6 theunearth subjects things undertaken that are by liable them, to and be theyforgotten often per Box of 30. thisin this number age of(winter, hurry 1919),and shortthe Editor memories. continues In anotherhis study articleon “ Thediscusses Folk of athe variety Grail,” of andideas in Thoughunder thediscursive heading, in treatment,“How would both itare do?” dis- From all Chemists, or Post Free from tinctlyancient attractive,philosophy. and Whetherdisplay widethe readingdeductions in DOUGLAS BROS., Scone, Perth drawnone paragraph will appeal he tosays:—“The all is another political matter. creedIn Sample Box 1/- post free. abolishof fairest laws hue by educatingis Anarchism, man whichinto aimsa state to wouldwherein, be by unnecessary.”reason of his ownAn perfection, extraordinary laws 80 AN DEO-GREINE. doctrine, surely, and candid enough, but we are AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH. stillMr a Williamlong way Diack from dealsthe millennium. with “ Scottish and Irish Labour Colleges.” Mr Diack writes with DONATIONS TO PUBLICATION FUND He-Jsthe sanity always which practical is foreign and informative.to the visionary. Mr FROM 1st JUNE, 1919, TO DATE. ScottishII. MacNeacail History,” dealsand withfinds “ Thefault Teaching with the of September 6—Tiree—fJlaxcrnw Association, fisiplir* MnpiAfv -£500 tion,neglect in ofparticular the national Scottish element history. in school In educa-previ- (per A. B. Ferguson, Esq., Treas.), 20 0 0 ous numbers of the “ Scottish Review,” scath- DecemberOctober 13—Miss 12—Proceeds Marion of ConcertGrey Tod, held - 50 0 0 ing“ wauchancie criticism covenant,has been thelevelled wearifu’ against Treaty theo’ at Killin (per Kev, G. W. Maekay, - 10 0 0 Union,” as George Outram styled it in the December 15—Lady30—Mr MalcolmHelen Tod, M'Phee, -• - 5 0 0 Glasgowinvitation in to1845 the which,Scottish provoked ‘ ‘ dinner the ’ ’ wrathheld inof Salen, Mull, (per Rev. G. W. Lord Cockburn then. The pemmicans of DecemberMackay, 30—Proceeds Killin), of- Concert- - held- 2 0 0 Scottishknowledge history which in forschools many were years barren served feeding as at Lochlaggan, organised by Dr. for a Scottish child. With a few exceptions Mackay),M‘Donald - (per- Rev.- - G. - W.- 300 schoolScottish histories history, haveup to not this, improved remains mucha kind yet. of January 7—Miss Juliet Macdonald, torso because historians have ignored the High- Cail-a-bhaile,Rev. G. W. Mackay),Fort-William . - (per- 3 0 0 landsteacher, to aand large not extent. merely But,a brief, after dry, all, itsoulless is the January 13—Proceeds of Concert held manual that counts. Rev.at Killean, D. J. MacdonaldKintyre, organised(per Rev. byG. forIt sinsis easy which to throwought theto beblame shared on “ byMy teachersLords ” W. Mackay), - - - - - 5 18 6 themselves, many of whom are imperfectly Januarytion 21—Glasgow(per Kenneth SkyeMacdonald, Associa- curriculumequipped for in the schools subject. now Theought elasticity to provide of the Esq., Hon. Treas.), - - - 10 0 0 restsmeans with of makingEducation up Authorities.for past deficiencies. It £113 19 0 LouisThe Barbeother contributionsand J. M. Murdoch. in this number The formerare by DONATION TO 1920 MOD. writes on “ How the Bass Rock was held,” the January 14—Mrs Stewart, Simla, latter“ Chronicles on “ The of Housethe Quarter with the ” dealGreen briefly Shutters.” with India (per Rev. G. W. Mackay, a variety of present-day subjects. Prizes,Killin), for the Mod Stewart- £20 0 0 AISEIRIGH “ ALBA.’ NOTICE. Alba ! “ Feilte dhuit, ’s deoch slainte dhuit.” All literary contributions, accompanied by the Isbuailte paipeir-naigheachd an Gaidhlig o seachdaneilthoiseach gu seo,deireadh clo- name and address of the writer, should be addressed Math dh’ fhaoidte gur cuimhne le cuid de ar to Mr. Donald Macphie, 5 Victoria lerrace, luchd-leughaidh an uair a thog e a cheann an Dullatur, and should reach him not later than toiseachaig an amo chionnud cha beagan d’ fhuair bhliadhnachan. e an aoidheachd Ach o the 15th of each month. Ghaidheil ris an robh a dhuil. Chaidh an deb Communications regarding the Sale of the Maga- as a chion a bhidh a chumadh air a chasan e. zine, Annual Subscriptions, etc, should be ad- mhorDh’ eirich ’aogas e asan ur diugh, am bliadhna, ged mhothaicheas agus is tlachd- e dressed to Mr. Neil Shaw, Secretary, 108 tuar eile air Albainn. Gheibhear ann a nis, Hope St., Glasgow. A Scale of Charges for Gaidhlig cho blasmhor ’s cho gnath-chaoinnteach Advertisements will be sent on application to ’s a chi sinn ’nar linn. Tha a bheachdan air an Mr. John L. Carvel, Advertising Agent, tucur airsios gach gun sanas-malairtsgath, gun fhiamh. a th’ann, Ma tuigidh dhearcas tu Blackwood, Kirkmuirhill, Lanarkshire. cho subailte ’sa tha a’ Ghaidhlig a chum na The Editor takes no responsibility for rejected criche sin. Anns a’ cheud aireamh chithear MSS. ; but will be careful to return such as are Bheathan,cunntas aithghearr, air beatha leagus Mgr. obair Lachann Iain MhicMac- accompanied by a stamped addressed envelope. Mhurachaidh nach mairean (An t-Ard Albann- The Magazine will be sent post free to all ach)—duine cho fiughail, cho aon-fhilteach, is countries in the Postal Union for 2 /- per annum. choIs neo-sgathachairidh “ Alba ’sa ” sheas’na dheiseam brbig. uir air taic o Single copies will be sent by post for id. sgillinn,Ghaidheil agus anns is gachgeal asaite. fhiach Cha e e.chosd Sgriobh e ach guda Life Membership of An Comunn, J2 21- Stirling.Scott, Learmouth & Allan, 9 King Street, Ordinary Members annually. ADVERTISEMENTS. A VITAL QUESTION adequatelyFOR ALL andPARENTS at the issmallest “how tooutlay provide for PICTURES theirWE HAVEChildren. SOLVED THE PROBLEM. producedand our charminglyBooklet, THE written OPEN and DOORbeautifully TO THEthe solution. CHILDREN’S I Lean beWELFARE” had for the asking. explains Wata^Colours -sr A VITAL QUESTION Original Etchings, S.c. 3c flDessotInt ^ forMAN the who PROFESSIONAL depends upon hisand health BUSINESS for his THROUGHIncome is “ HowSICKNESS to replace and INCOME to meet LOST the Expenseshave a Scheme which whichIncapacity just meetsentails.” this need.We Always on view a large and Write for our “ Great Thrift Scheme.” varied stock of Fine Works of Art OUR NEW ACCIDENT Inspection Cordially Invited POLICY Pictures and Engravings cleaned is the best thing of its kind on the market. and restored by Experts

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MALCOLM & BINGHAM,NE T G ND Phone—579 Douglas. G. SINCLAIR, Proprietor. CHARING CROSS ( £ t ) GLASGOW. 0T E Elementary Course of Gaelic Re-ArrangedBy DUNCAN and REID,Enlarged (Gaelic Master,By NORMAN The Glasgow MACLEOD High School). Price Is. Postage 3d. extra. Publishedin bySchools An Comunnand Gaelic Gaidhealach Classes. for use AN DEO-GREINE Leabliar XV.] Mios Meadhonach an Earraich, 1920. [Barrann 6 an aigh, is gach nl a rinn aghnxhor i. Tha CLAR-INNSIDH. cnead is gniisgull de’n Cseorsa seo ’gan deanamh ’nan dragh daibh fein, is ’nam plaigh do chach. PropagandaCnuasachd is Campaign, rud no dha eile, - 831 Cha ’n ’eil ach an aon leigheas air creutairean a Alasdair,The Place Macol Gaelic an Impire—Alasdair, in the School, the Son of the Emperor, 8687 tha fo ’n chuing seo, agus ’se sin companas ris The Mis-spelling of Highland Place Names and Surnames, - 89 an oige, ma theid ac’ air. Is droch comharra TheMusic—“An Secretary’s Dubh Page, Ghleannach," . ------9 902 orra mur gabh an oigridh riutha an drasda ’sa Diasan Gaidhealach—Sean agus Nuadh, - - - - 93 rithist, ach feumaidh iad an dubhachas fhagail AnThe Comunn Backbone News, of the Nation, 95 air chill. SydneyAn Comunn Gaelic Gaidhealach, Society, ------9590 * * * Ma bha an t-am a threig cho aghmhor ’sa tha daoine ag iarraidh oimn, no leigeil orra fein, a CNUASACHD IS RUD NO DHA EILE. chreidsinn, b’e airc is cruaidh chas a bha mar Earrann I. chuibhrionn do mhoran de ’n t-sluagh, gu h- Co againn nach do thuit fo bhuaidh a’ chnu- araidh as deidh am Chuil-lodair—am na asachaidh mu ni-eiginn. uair no uair-eiginn? foirneirt. Co aig tha, fios nach robh scan Faodar a radh gu bheil cnuasachd a’ diisgadh a amadain ’nan linn fein a,’ creidsinn rannan a’ reir a ghne inn tinn a tha daoine a’ foillseachadh bhaird gu litireil am feadh ’sa sheinn e: — ’nam beatha. Is i an inntinn a ghabhas tlachd ann am faireachduinean a dhiiisgeas a bheag no An uair a bha Ghaidhlig aig na h-eoin, mhbr de aoibhneas ’nar cor as fallaine, eadhon Bha’m bainne air an Ion mar dhriiichd ; god tha fios againn gu ’n deach na rudan a dh’ A’ mhil a’ fas air barr an fhraoich, aobharaich an t-aoibhneas sin air chall am A h-uile ni cho saor’s am burn. measg nosan nuadh a bhios a’ greimeachadh air gach linn. Clia ’n ’eil seachnadh air a’ chilis, Cha robh feum air cleith no crann, gu h-araidh an uair a bheirear fainear cho bras Chinn gach ni neo-ghann leis fein; ’sa tha nithean a’ tighinn a filleadh, is a’ cur tuair Meas is blaths’s a h-uile h-am— tiir air gach aimsir. Is cuspair torach seo do’n A’ bhliadhna ’na samhradh gu leir! nihuinntir a bhios a’ gabhail uidh an cnuasachd gach am a gheibh iad fhth. Theagamh gu’m Cha b’e seo am fonn a bha air Raonull Domh- faigh iad faochadh no toileachadh an cois a’ nullach, fior bhard a mhuinntir Mhinginish mheorachaidh. Ach tha dream de ghne eile ’san Eilein Sgithianach. Chuir esan Fa cheile a tha air a siaradh leis an leami-dubh air chor na rannan a leanas c6rr is ceud gu leth bliadhna agus gur h-eu-comasach daibh rud ’sam bith air ais: — fhaicinn ach troimh ghloineachan an dubh- Gur h-eblach air an acras mi, achais. Bidh iadsan a’ gnosad, sa’ monbhur, Tha theachdaireachd tieo-inntinneach ; sa’ gearain gu bheil an saoghal a’ dol tuaitheal, Gur trie a thug e turraig orm gur h-e na laithean a threig a b’ fhearr na ’n An uiridh roimh am-dimiearach. t-am anns a bheil sinne be6, gu’n d’ fhalbh linn 82 AN DEO-GREINE. Thug & na h-ochd seachduinean dhripeil aims na bailtean mora. Tha a’ bheairt, Air fasdadh ’na, mo theaghlach-sa ; fo bhuaidh am bheil iad a’ cosnadh an loin, a’ dol Dh’ fheach e ri mo sporan, mu ’n cuairt cho luath ri gille-mirein, agus ’se Fhuair e cothrom math air fliaochadh; am fear as tapaidhe ’s as ealanta a thuigeas an Thug e gach ni a b’urraimi duine t-am gu greim a dheanamh air cothrum. A bhuileachadh dhe ’n bsaoghal dhiom; Gidheadh ni an neach amis am bheil gne na Cha mhor nach d’ thug e bas dhomh, cnuasachd sebl air cuileig dhiomhair a Ach gu ’n d’ fhag e ’na mo Raonull mi. tlxaghadh a chum srian a leigeil do mheanmna car tiotain. Ach ’se samhehair na duthcha an Tha mi a’ creidsinn gu ’n robh na ran nan seo a’ t-ionad as freagarraiche. Tha an gnothuch air riochdachadh staid na duthcha air fad ’s air a chaochladh a thaobh na h-6igridh. Tha loud. Sin agad linn an aigh dhut! Ma theid iadsan a’ snamh ’nan saoghal fein—saoghal thu na’s fhaide air ais gheibh thu creachadh is grianach am maidne, saor bho na neoil sgoltadh chlaignean ! a dh’ iadhas mu ’n cuairt orra aig an am tha rompa. Is math gur h-ann mar sin a tha. Bu Ma tha neach saraichte ’na chrannchur mhi-shealbhach e na ’n tuiteadh sgail air aighear faodaidh gu’m bi e air a shiaradli le smuaintean is aoibhneas na h-6ige. Bu Shanghai tiamh- a bhios a’ tighinn gun iarraidh, agus a bhios ’ga aidh sin. Cha chomharra fallain air oigridh a shior tholladh, ’s a’ milleadh a shuaimhneis. bhi siiibhal le sroin ri lar. Is fearr leinn a bhi Ged tha sin an crochadh ri moran de ar comh- ag amharc orra a’ ruith ’sa’ ruagail ’sa’ beicil chreutairean, cha ’n ’e seo a’ ghne chnuasachd ’nan dbigh fein, lan de mhire mar tha Nadur air am bu mhath leam a bhi a’ sgriobhadh. An ’gan sebladh. Thig an ham, math dh’ fhanidte, uair a gheibh neach tiotan de thamh ri taobh a tuilleadh as luath aims a feum iad lamh a theallaich fein, gun duine a’ cur draglia air, ghabhail an dleasnas na beatha. a luthaigeadh cha leig an inntinn fois leis gus, math dh’ dhaibli. Gus an sin leigeamaid leotha a bhi fhaoidte’, an tuit e ’na chadal. Eadhon aims ’togail an caistealan anns an adhar gun fhios an staid sin leanaidh an inntinn e am bruadar nach meall iad riochd na h-aitreimh air thalamh. a’ dealbhachadh nithean a bhuineas, cha ’n e a Thachair a leithid roimhe. mhain do a bheatha laitheil, ach na nithean a thachair fada roimhe sin, agus gu minig rudan Ged nach ’eil e soirbh cnuasachd a chumail fo nach tachair gu brath. Tha fios againn uile cheannsal, no bacadh a chur oirre an uair a gu ’m bi daoine a’ faicinn nadur de thaibhsean theid i air ghleus, ’s e staid na fois a fhreagras air amannan ’s an da shiiil fosgailte, gu h-araidh rithe. Tha-laghanan na h-inntinn cho diomh- a mhuinntir a bhios a’ gabhail tlachd ann a bhi air ’s nach gabh bacadh a chur air na bhios a’ ag amharc air ais, agus a’ deilbh ’nan inntinn briichdadh a stigh oirnn aig amannan a reir ar rudan a dh’ fhaodadh a bhith, na ’n robh cuisean cor, gu h-araidh an uair a ruigeas neach ire na a’ cuimseachadh air shebl eile. Ach an uair a duinealachd. Tha a’ chnuasachd, gu trie bheachdaicheas sinn air a’ chuspair seo ann an coltach ris a’ ghaoith—a’ seideadh far an aill seadh eile, ’s e an fheadliainn a bha each a’ leatha. Is tearc a chuireas cnuasachd dragh meas mar tliaibhseadairean a bha ’na meadhoin air an amhlair is an umpaidh. Mhaolaich na air siiilean ham maimealach fhosgladh gu bhi truaghain sin faobhar am faireachaidh cho tur ag aontachadh ri nithean a bhiodh feumail do le droch ghiiilan air chor agus gu bheil iad a chor an comh-chreutairean. Is iomadh rud a snagail ’nan saoghal duaichnidh fein mar bhatar a’ meas mar thaibhs, no mar rud nach ainmhidhean gun anani. Gidheadh, an deidh gabhadh deanamh, aon uair, a thainig a nis gu a h-uile rud, saoil nach faigh iad fath gu bhi bhi ’na chinnte. * * * ri beagan meorachaidh uair air chor-eigin air Saoilidh daoine gu bheil e eu-comasach do cho iosal’s ’gam bi iad ’nan cor. Na rudan a mhuinntir nam bailtean mora, le ’n gleadhraich dh’ fhaodadh a bhi, ach a shleamhnaich as an ’s le Ti iibraid gun sgur, tamli no uaigneas fhaot- greim le cion mothachaidh—sin agad an ni a ainn a chum a bhi a’ beachd-smuaineachadh air bheir gu an ioimsaigh fein iad, ma tha sradag na nithean sin as faisge air an cridhe.aig an blieo idir annta. Mar a sgriobh am bard am, no, math dh’ fhaoidte’, a bha ro thaitneach Tennyson :—“ A sorrow's crown of sorrows is leotha ann an laithean eile. Gun teagamh tha remembering happier things.'' aireamh mh6r de ’n t-sluagh a dh’ fheumas a bhi air ceann an gnothuich o mhoch gu anmoch Is barail choitcheann e gur ann ris an aois a as aonais a’ chothruim a dh’ fhaodadh an taladh bhuineas cnuasachd anns an hseadh as doimhn i, gu staid na cnuasachd. Os barr tha iad agus mar a thuirt mi cheana is e samhehair buailteach a bhi ag aomadh ri cleachdaidhean duthcha far nach cluinnear gaoir nan sraidean, an coimhearsnaich. Tha a h-uile dad ro no tartraich nan carbadan, as freagaraiche. 'Tha AN DEO-GREINE. 83 aig na Goill mar radii gur e Dia a rinn an with an admirable address, his enthusiasm cap- duthaich ack gur e mac an duine a rinn am baile tivating the attention of his audience, who were mdr. Tha ’n radk gle fhior ann an seadh. not slow to punctuate with applause his pointed Ma bheir sinn a bheag no mhor do ar smuaintean references to the good qualities of the High- do chor an trsaoghail an diugh, gu dearbh cha lander and the beauty and richness of his ruig daoin© a leas moran uaill a nocbdadh a language. Mi-. Peace, headmaster, although a tbaobh an oibre. Cha luaithe a thdgas iad non-Gaelic speaker, was present, and at the aitreibheam am bailtean mora do’n t-sluagh close spoke in a most friendly way. On the aig nach oil comas-taghaidh, na ni iad uchd an suggestion of Dr. Rankin it was agreed to form dichill gu ruaig a thoirt do’n duthaich fad mhios a reading class, those desiring to attend to com- no dha a h-uile bliadhna a chum slainte o’n municate with him. Votes of thanks at the t-sean mhathair neo-thruaillidh—NMur. Ach close were heartily responded to. ciod a theirear mu na truaghain a b’ fheudar Mr Mackay and Mr Shaw proceeded the fol- solas is slainte fhagail, gu bhi air an crodhadh lowing day to Dingwall, and took up their quar- an gaintirean dlblidh, salach, a’ cothachadh an ters in the National Hotel. During the after- loin mar as fearr a dh’ fhaodas iad 1 Cha ’n noon they visited Mr Hugh Fraser in his class- ’eil feur, no gleann, no beinn, no muir ri room in the Academy, and conversed with fhaicinn leis na fogarraich seo ach sraidean lorn several of his Gaelic pupils, who at that particu- nan clach. Ma tha dealrachd is lannaireachd nan lar time were attending the Science Class. sraidean le ’n uinneagan ribmhach a’ toirt toill- Captain Finlayson, O.B.E., president of the inntinn daibh re uair no dha ’san fheasgar, ciod Branch, invited leading Highlanders in the town a th’ ann ach nadur de mhealladh 1 Sin agad to meet the President and Secretary of An cursa an hsaoghail an diugh—an saoghal Comunn in the National Hotel at 4.15. There beusail, callaichte air mo bi daoine nach d’ were present: —Provost Crawford ; Rev. Ranald fhairich guin na h-airce riamh a’ bbilich ’nar MacDonald, M.A., U.F. Manse ; Dr. Galbraith) latha. Messrs J. Mackenzie, A. MacRae, D. Mackay fR’a leantuinn.) (teacher, Maryburgh), A. jF- MiacLeod MacKay, I.C.C. ; and D. MacDonald, architect. Captain Finlayson presided, and introduced Mr Mackay and Mr Shaw to the meeting, and wel- PROPAGANDA CAMPAIGN. comed them to Dingwall. He apologised for the necessarily little effort which had been made Secretary’s Tour. during the last few years locally in the Gaelic cause, but now that the war preoccupation had At the meeting of Executive Council, held in passed they must hope for better work in future. Stirling on 6th December last, it was agreed Rev. Mr Mackay pointed out that the mem- that the Secretary should visit Easter Ross and bers of local branches were equally bound up the eastern seaboard of Sutherland to endeavour, with An Comunn, and should do everything pos- if possible, to stimulate interest in the language sible to further its aims and interests. He movement in those parts. The President, had great hopes that under the new Education Rev. G. W. Mackay, M.A., Killin, accompanied Act the Gaelic language would be fostered. He Mr Shaw. emphasised the necessity of training the High- Mr Mackay prepared the ground very land junior students in the knowledge of Gaelic, thoroughly beforehand, and made all the pre- and spoke very highly of the excellent work parations for the tour. He had got into touch done in Dingwall Academy by Mr Hugh A. by letter with many clergymen, Gaelic-speak- Fraser. They must make a strong effort to ing teachers, and other public men. This have such similar work carried on in all High- necessitated a voluminous correspondence, with land secondary schools. Mr Shaw, who spoke the happy result that it was possible to hold a next, dealt chiefly with the work of An Comunn, meeting each evening throughout the tour. and expressed the hope that the Dingwall Gaelic The campaign was opened at Kilmorack Choir would be revived. (Inverness) on 19th January. The Rev. Dr. Dr Galbraith laid stress on the fact that it E. A. Rankin, parish minister, presided at the lay very much with the Highland people them- meeting in Teanassie School; The number selves as to whether proper advantage was attending was not large, but all were very much taken of the new Education Act or not. He interested, and Mr Mackay and Mr Shaw had suggested that the people be taught their powers no misgiving as to their sincerity. Mr Shaw under the Act, so that they may bring pressure spoke in Gaelic and English, and made a' to bear on their local Education Authority, strong appeal in support of the teaching of otherwise very little would be done. Gaelic in the schools. The President followed Mr D. Mackay, Maryburgh, stated that there 84 AN DEO-GREINE. is as much intellectual value gained by the for the arrangements, and conducted the meet- speaking and knowledge of Gaelic as from any ing in a very efficient maimer. Mr Mackay was other language, the phonetics of Gaelic being first to address the meeting, and made an equal to that of any other language in Europe,, irresistible appeal to an enthusiastic audience and superior to most. Local tradition, folk- to help An Comunn in its endeavour to place lore and song, to be of real educational value to the native language on an equality with other children, ought to be imparted to them in their subjects in their Highland schools. Mr Shaw native tongue. spoke in Gaelic, his address being followed with close attention, and punctuated with fre- Provost Crawford expressed the opinion that quent applause. as long as the non-Gaelic speakers considered It was unanimously agreed to form a, Branch themselves “ a cut above ” those who spoke of An Comunn, and ojoe-bearers were elected. English with a Gaelic accent, there would be Sucl\ was the appeal for Gaelic songs that Mr difficulty in getting the language taken up Shaw had to sing no fewer than four— enthusiastically. “ Ri Guaillibh a Cheile,” “ Chi mi na mor- Rev. Mr MacDonald also spoke, and Rev. Mr bheannaibh,” “ 0 ’s tu ’s gur a tu th’ air m’ Mackay moved a hearty vote of thanks to Cap- aire,” and “ Cumha Mine Criomain,” the latter tain Finlay son for presiding. Provost Craw- by special request. There were three teachers ford moved a vote of thanks to Rev. Mr Mackay present, viz : —Mr Tarrel, headmaster, and Miss and Mr Shaw for their instructive addresses. Mackenzie, Portmahomack, and Mr Graham, Thereafter tea was served, and a.most pleasant headmaster, Inver School. The headmasters and instructive meeting brought to a close. are Gaelicrspeaking, and offered to support the On the same evening a meeting was held in Branch, while Miss Mackenzie is much inter- the Hall, Contin, presided over by the Rev. A. ested in music, and a splendid singer. C. MacLean, B.D., who made all the arrange- Mr and Mrs Fraser entertained the President ments for the meeting. There was a fair and organiser to supper in the U.F. Manse, attendance, and after the customary addresses after which they motored back to Tain. The the branch was re-formed and office-bearers meeting was most encouraging, and subsequent appointed. • This branch has met several times reports show that the Portmahomack Branch is since. At one of the meetings the Rev. Mr very much alive. MaicLean gave a lecture on Dingwall with The Rev. R. L. Ritchie, of Creich Parish, lantern slides. arranged a meeting in the Hall, Ardgay, at The next meeting was held in the School, which about thirty people attended. The night Kilmuir-Easter. The Rev. J. C. MacNaught, was somewhat boisterous, but a number had B.D., parish minister, had the local arrange- travelled several miles to attend. Ardgay was ments well in hand, and hospitably entertained considered the most central place of meeting, the Comunn visitors, the evening spent in the and representatives were present from both Manse being most enjoyable. The meeting in sides of the Kyle. The Rev. Kenneth Mac- the School was most enthusiastic. Mr Mac- Leod, U.F. Manse, Kincardine, was in the chair. Leod, retired teacher, and Mr Mackenzie, Rev. Mr Ritchie and Rev. D. MacLeod, U.F. stationmaster, spoke well and strongly in favour Manse, Bonar; Mr Urquhart, headmaster, of the teaching of Gaelic and of forming a Bonar ; and Mr D. A. Mackenzie, M.A., Gledfield Branch in the district. It was decided to call School, were also present. In addition to the another meeting for the purpose of forming a addresses given by Rev. Mr Mackay and Mr Branch, those present being desirous of a larger Shaw, the gentlemen already named spoke in a attendance. A Music Class, which met that most friendly way. A Branch was formed with evening, reduced the attendance at the Comunn Mr D. A. Mackenzie as secretary, and arrange- meeting. Mr Meldmm, headmaster, was pre- ments are to be proceeded with to promote a sent, and promised to support the local com- local Mod in the district some time during the mittee, The audience expressed a desire to summer months. Mr Mackenzie was on the hear a Gaelic song, and Mr Shaw sang two teaching staff at the Summer School, held in well-known songs, much to the delight of his Onich in August, 1914. Rev. Kenneth Mac- hearers. Leod has also done some teaching, so that the Tain was chosen as a convenient centre for newly-formed Branch is in a strong position. Portmahomack, and on the evening following Much interest is being aroused by the prospect the meeting at Kilmuir-Easter a meeting was of having a local Mod cf An Comunn in the held in the Carnegie Hall, Portmahomack. This district. was the most largely attended meeting of the • There was no meeting arranged for Satur- tour, there being fully fifty people present. The day, and Mr Shaw returned to spend the week- Rev. Ewen Fraser, U.F. Manse, was responsible end with friends at Strathpeffer. He, how- AN DEO-GREINE. 85 ever, put in some good work there by inter- that the real objects of An Comunn are known viewing the Rev. J. G. Nicolsou, B.D., of there should be no difficulty in bringing the Fodderty Parish. Mr Nicolson has had Gaelic people together another time. Mr Hugh classes in the Strath district, and is quite will- Mackay, the Inverness Mod Gold Medallist, is ing to assist again. If a suitable person could now resident in Rogart, and has promised to be found, Gaelic Music Classes would appeal to assist with Gaelic singing classes. Mr Shaw a large number of young people in the Strath- was the guest of Rev. and Mrs Allan Mackenzie peffer district. The Rev. Mr Mackay was the at the Manse, Rogart. guest of Mr Ritchie at the Manse of Creich over Mr A. N. MacAulaly, D.L., arranged two the week-end, and preached in the Parish Church meetings at Golspie, the first with the boys in on Sunday. the Technical School, and the other with friends On Monday, Mr Mackay and Mr Shaw met at in the Golspie Library. Mr Read, Rector of the Bonar Bridge Station, and travelled to Lairg, Technical School, was most courteous, and liad where a meeting was arranged by Mr J. Mac- a nice programme arranged. Mr Mackay Donald, M.A., headmaster of Lairg Higher addressed the boys in a kindly way, and Mr Grade School. The meeting was held in one Shaw followed with a Gaelic address, finishing of the class-rooms, and was attended by about with a few sentences in English. Several of twenty people. Mr MacDonald presided, and the boys danced the Highland Fling and Seann introduced the Comunn officials. Both gentle- Triubhas. Three Skye boys sang several verses men spoke at some length, and Mr Shaw con- of “ Ho ro mo nighean donn bhoidheach ” in fined his English address on this occasion to the unison, the entire gathering joining in the work of the various Standing Committees. His chorus. Mr Shaw sang one Gaelic song. Mr Gaelic address was well received, and at the Read thanked tire gentlemen for their addresses close a Gaelic song was called for. An elderly and the boys applauded heartily. Mr Mackay gentleman present asked for “ Cead deirearmach thanked Mr Read for the opportunity afforded, nam beann ” as an encore, and manifestly and assured hiin of the great pleasure it had enjoyed Mr Sliaw’s rendering of it. Duncan been to Mr Shaw and himself to meet himself Ban’s “ Farewell to the Hills ” seemed to strike and the boys. There were about forty-eight a sympathetic chord in his Highland heart, re- boys present, twenty of whom were Gaelic- calling perhaps similar incidents in the wilds of speaking, and four more who could understand Beinn Sgreamhaidh and Glen Cassie. it. The Rev. John Mackenzie, U.F. Church, A committee was appointed to call another Golspie, teaches a Gaelic class two evenings each public meeting and form a Branch of An week, and Mr Read showed the Comunn repre- Comunn. Information lias now been received sentatives the Gaelic library. Several Gaelic that a Branch was formed, and arrangements books are being fonvarded, and a copy of An made to meet towards the end of this month, Bed Greine monthly. Mr Read will be glad when Mr MacDonald, the President, will give an of a further supply of Gaelic books for his address. Mr and Mrs Mackintosh, Bank House, library, and it is hoped that Comunn members entertained Mr Mackay and Mr Shaw to supper, will assist. and on the following day they lunched with the On the invitation of Mr MacAulay, about ten Rev. Mr and Mrs Moore at the Parish Manse. gentlemen gathered in the Golspie Library, and The arrangements at Rogart were in the a very pleasant meeting was held. Mr Mac- hands of Mr Hugh Campbell, headmaster, Aulay presided, and nearly all the gentlemen Rogart Public School, a gentleman who has present spoke after addresses had been given by already done much for the language. Rogart Mr Mackay and Mr Shaw. A Branch was parish must be the most difficult parish to formed, and office-bearers and committee organise in the whole Highlands. It is widely appointed. Mrs MacDonald, Sutherland Arms scattered, with no central place of meeting, the Hotel, the secretary, is well known in the three schools being on the outward fringe and North as a Gaelic enthusiast, and the meeting at great distances one from the other. Only endorsed Mr MacAulay’s eulogy of her organis- four turned out to meet the officials of An ing capabilities and of the good work she has Comunn, and these were Rev. Allan Mackenzie, already done on local committees, particularly The Manse ; Rev. Mr MacLeod, U.F. Manse; Mr in connection with war work. Campbell, Schoolhouse; and Mr George Ross, Mr Mackay and Mr Shaw visited'Helmsdale Rhulochan. Several questions were discussed, the day following the Golspie meetings, and and the Rev. Mr Mackay made the aims of An interviewed the. Rev. Mr Munro, U.F. Manse, Comunn very clear to the few who were pre- and the Rev. A. B. Scott, B.D., Kildonan. sent, and deeply impressed them with his Helmsdale had its own Gaelic Society a number enthusiasm and sound logic. The situation is of years ago, and there are prospects of its not considered hopeless by any means, and now revival under the auspices of An Comunn. A AN DEO-GKEINE. Gaelic Singing Class would do well, and hopes Golspie. — Office-bearers: — President, A. are entertained of starting a class early next N. MacAulay, Esq., D.L., Bank House; vice- session. presidents, Rev. D. L. Cattanach, M.A., The The President and secretary returned in the Manse, and Rev. John Mackenzie, M.A., U.F. evening to Beauly, and made a call on Rev. Manse; hon. secretary, Mrs. MacDonald, M. Murray, U.F. Manse, the following day. A Sutherland Arms Hotel; committee—Messrs. Gaelic Singing Class was also suggested for George Mackay, Alex. Mackay, Hugh Grant, Beauly, and Mr Murray promised his support. and J. M. MacDonald. The name of Mr Kenneth Mackenzie was men- Contin.—Branch reformed. Office-bearers : tioned as a likely teacher of Gaelic music, and —President, Rev. A. C. MacLean, M.A., The arrangements are now being made with Mr Manse; hon. secretary, Donald MacDonald, Mackenzie. M.A., The Schoolhouse; lion, treasurer, John, At Inverness Mr Mackay and Mr Shaw called MacDonald, The Gardens, Coul; committee— on Dr William Mackay and several other pro- Mrs. D. Ramsay, Miss Mackenzie, Messrs. Alex. minent members of An Comunn, and were com- Mackenzie, John Mackenzie, John Mac Vanish, plimented on the success of their tour. and A. Mackenzie. An Comunn has every reason to feel satisfied with the result of this propaganda campaign. An Comunn is known now to a great many people who hitherto only knew of the organisation by hearing of the Mod—the annual musical festival. THE PLACE OF GAELIC IN THE SCHOOL. The President and secretary lost no oppor- The gentleman who contributes notes on tunity of defining the activities of the various educational conditions in Scotland to the Times Committees, and showing that the Mod is only (London) Educational Supplement makes the an incident in the great work carried on by An following observations on the teaching of Comunn. It is hoped now that the recently- Gaelic : —The old argument has been resusci- formed branches will show in their respective tated that the language is obsolescent and there- fore a mere incubus to the learner, a handicap districts that the real aim of An Comunn is the to “ getting on ” in a world which speaks Eng- teaching and cultivation of the language and lish. The sentimentalists who would retain it the fostering of Highland sentiment by healthy and have it encouraged are, therefore, no true recreation. friends of the young whose cause they profess to champion. Of course, there is a measure of truth in this, but it appears rather to miss the NEW BRANCHES. purposes chiefly in view in maintaining the language. Even granting that a majority of Pohtmahomack. — Office-bearers: — Presi- the pupils were eventually to drift into non- dent, Rev. Ewen Fraser, U.F. Manse; vice- Gaelic districts, it would still be necessary to president, Wm. Calder, Esq.; hon. secretary, conduct their early education in their own Mrs. Ross, East House; hon. treasurer, Mr. mother tongue. By hypothesis the parents are Hugh Thomson; committee—Mrs Fraser, Miss Gaelic speaking, and until the children have Mackenzie, Messrs. Tarrel, Graham, Ross, Mac- acquired some acquaintance with English, the Allister, Munro, Mitchell, Skinner, and Mac- latter cannot be employed as the medium of Kenzie. their general instruction. But there are many Ardgay—Bonak. — Office-bearers : —- Pre- pupils who will remain in their native districts sident, Rev. Kenneth MacLeod, U.F. Manse, all their life, and will be the fishermen, the agri- Kincardine; vice-presidents, Rev. R. L. culturists, the labourers, the ghillies, &c., of the Ritchie, Creich, and Mr. Davidson, Bonar; Highland and island areas. If these men are hon. secretary, 1). A. Mackenzie, M.A., Gled- not trained to use the language of their emotions field School, Ardgay; hon. treasurer, Andrew and thoughts, then the springs of intellect and Anderson, Bonar Bridge; committee—Rev. D. of action will be blocked at their source, and MacLeod, Mrs Rose, Misses Ina Mackay and flieir superficial knowledge of English will have Anderson, Messrs. Shaw, Bain, Munro, Ross, been gained at the expense of all that is best in Urquliart,- and Mackay. their spiritual Hfe. Even those who go forth Lairg. — Office-bearers: —- President, J. from their homes will continue in great measure MacDonald, Headmaster, Higher Grade School; to think in the tongue they learned'on their hon. secretary, Miss Jessie Mackintosh, Infant mother’s knee. As long as Gaelic shows suffi- Mistress; committee'—Mrs Davidson, Miss cient vitality to maintain its sway, it should not Sheach, Messrs. H. Mackay, H. MacDonald, A. lie placed under any disability. That is, in Mackintosh, A. Murray, W. MacLeod, and. A. fact, the reason for the protection afforded it Urquhart. ’ under the Education Act of last year. AN DEO-GREINE. 87 ALA5DA1R, MAC AN IMPIRE ALASDAIR, THE SON OF THE (Air a leantuinn.) EMPEROR ( Continued). [Thainig an t-Impire dhachaidh, agus chaidli [The Emperor presently came home, and the an teaghlach air fad mu thamh an oidhche sin. entire household then went to rest for that night. An uair a dh’ eirich e ’sa mhaduinn, tliainig When he rose in the morning, the Emperor an t-Impire agus a' Bhan-Impire a chur onoir and the Empress came to do him honour; the air: bha am blmpire a’ cumail a ’bhasoin ris, Emperor held the basin for him, and the agus a’ Bhan-Impire a’ cumail an rubair fhad ’s Empress held the towel while he was washing a bha e ’glanadb a aodainn. his face. Chunnaic Alasdair an so cainnt an coin air a Thereupon Alasdair beheld the bird’s pro- choimhlionadh. Ach cha do leig e dad air gus phecy fulfilled. But he never disclosed any- an d’ fhalbh an Imp ire a mach a ghabhail thing until the Emperor had gone out to take a sraid. Thug e an sin far an robli a mhathair walk. Then he betook himself to his mother. air. “ An aithneachadh sibh ur mac 1 ” ■ “1 Would you recognise your son? ” “ Tha mi ’smaointeachadh gu’n aithueach- I think I should.” ft] adh.” ff] “ Ma ta, a mhathair,” ars esan, “ is mise “ Well then, mother,” said he, “ I am Alasdair.” Alasdair! ” Phog ise e, a mhic cridhe, leis an t-sblas, ’us She kissed him, son of my heart! for very joy, dh’ fhuaim i a h-uile clag a bha stigh, ’us chuala and pealed every bell in the house, and the an Umpire so, agus thill e. An uair a thill e, Emperor heard the sound and returned. When dh’ innis iad da gu ’n tainig Alasdair. An uair he returned, they told him that Alasdair had a chuala e so, theab e an caothach a ghabhail come. Upon hearing this, he nearly became leis an bsolas. “ Nis, Alasdair,” ars esan, “ is frenzied with joy. “ Now, Alasdair,” quoth he, leat a h-uile sgath an so: bidh thu air “ everything here is thine ; thou shalt rule as impireachd ’nam aite fhin ! ” emperor in my own place,” “ Cha ’n ’eil mi ag iarraidh ach aon iarrtuis, “ I only ask for one request, if you will grant ma bheir sibh dhomh e—is e sin, an carbad mor it to me—it is that the big chariot be set a chur air shiubhal nach deach air shiubhal o’n travelling that never travelled since I went a dh’ fhalbh mise.” away.” “ Alasdair, gheabh thu sin, ’us cha dragh “ Alasdair, thou shalt have that, and I shall leamsa sin idir.” think it no trouble at all.” “ Agus a h-uile bratach is coir a bhi ris, a bhi “ And that it be equipped to-morrow with ris am maireach, agus e a dhol leamsa.” every banner with which it ought to be equipped, and that it carry me.” “ Bidh a h-uile ni dheth sin air a dheanamh,” “ All that shall be done, every detail of it,” ars an t-Impire. said the Emperor. An la’r-na-mhaireach, chaidh a h-uile bratach On the morrow, every banner was displayed a chur suas ris a’ charbad—gorm, is uaine, is about the chariot, blue, and green, and red, and dearg, is a h-uile seorsa bu choir, is a ainm-san every other kind that was correct and suitable, air a h-uile te, gur h-e a leithid so de dh’ Impire and his name was on every one of them, to the a bh’ ann. Dh’ fhalbh e, ’us cha d’ rinn e stad effect that he was such-and-such an Emperor. no fois gus an do rainig e an tigh seinse. Off he went, and neither stop nor stay did he make until he reached the change house. An uair a rainig e an tigh seinse, dh’ fhosgail When he came to the change house, he opened e an carbad, thainig e am mach, ’us ruith e a the chariot, and came out, and ran in to look for stigh d’a h-iarraidh-se. Phaidh e a h-uile sgath her. He paid for everything she had spent. a chosg ise. Cha robh fios gu de bu chiall do’n Now none knew what the meaning of the Impire bhi ’tighinn. Chualas iomradh ’sau Emperor’s coming could be. People in .the aite gu’n robh a leithid ann, ach cha robh place had heard that there was such a man, but tuilleadh air. that was all. ft In this tale either the reciter or the scribe most unaccountably forgot to give the incident ofoccur, tlie itfulfilling has been of placedthe bird’s here prophecy. between the Asusual this squareis the brackets.point at which the incident ought to 88 AN DEO-GREINE. “ Seadh,” ars Alasdair ri a bhean, “ am bheil “ Well,” said Alasdair to his wife, “ dost thou fios agad co am fear a tb ’agad? ”—“ Cha ’n ’eil,” know who thy husband is ? ”—“ I do not,” ars ise.—Dh’ innis se e an uair sin, agus cha bu replied she. Then it was that he told her, and rud di-se gu ’n rachadh i a ghlanadh a biirbg. it seemed to her that it would be a mere nothing for her to go and clean his shoes. Dh’ fhalbh iad an uair sin, a suas gu tigh a h- Then they went up to her father’s house. “ 1 athar. “ Gabhaidh mi leat a dh’ ionnsuidh will go with thee to thy father’s house, and tell tigh t’ athar, agus innsidh mi dha nach e do him that stealing thee is not what I am going ghoid a tha mi ’dol a dheanamh.” to do.” [itainig iad tigh a h-athar.] [They arrived at her father’s house.] Cha robh duine riamh a bha ’sa chaisteal nach There was never a man in the castle who was robh ag amharc a mach air na h-uinneagan air not craning out of the windows to look at the a’ charbad. Chan fhac iad riamh an t-Impire, chariot. They had never seen the Emperor, ach gu’n cuala iad gu’n robh a leithid aim. but had heard that there was such a per- Thainig an duine uasal a mach, ’us chaidh e air son. The gentleman came out, and went down a ghlun do’n charbad. on his knee to the chariot. “ Fosgail an dorusd, ’us thig learn a mach,” “ Open the door, and come out with me,” [ars Alasdair ri a bhean]. [said Alasdair to his wife]. Bha ise leis air laimh an so. He [who ?] was now holding her by the hand. “ Seadh, a’ dhuine uasail, am bheil thu ag “ Well, fair sir, dost recognise thy aithneachadh do nighinn ? ” daughter? ” “ Tha,” ars esan. “ I do,” replied the gentleman. ” Smaointich mi tighinn leatha do d’ ionnsuidh “ I determined after all to bring her with m an diugh, ged a thuirt mi riut an oidhche ud to thee to-day, notwithstanding my having said nach faiceadh tu tuillidh i.” to thee the other night that thou shouldst see her no more.” Thainig an t-Impire a mach, ’us rinn e modh The Emperor now came out, and the gentle- dha. man made him obeisance. “ Am bheil fios agad>, a nis, caite am bheil do “ Dost thou now know where thy daughter is nighean a’ dol, no co am fear a tha aice 1 ” [ars going, or who her husband is ? ” [quoth Alasdair Alasdair an t-Impire]. the Emperor]. “ Tha mi ’ga fhaicinn air na brataichean.” “ I see him [I see his name written (?) or his “ Bidh mise, nis, ’gam eubhach ’nam Impire portrait (?)] on the banners.” Og, ’us cha teid mi a stigh air do dhorusd.” “ I shall now be proclaimed as the Young “ 0! theid sibh a stigh, agus gabhaidh sibh Emperor, but thy threshold I will not cross.” gloine as mo laimh, ’us bidh e ’na mheas mor “ 0! but you shall, you shall come in, and domh anns an aite gu’n tainig an t-Impire a take a glass out of my hand too, and it will be stigh, ’us gu’n do ghabh e gloine as mo laimh.” a great honour to me in this place that the Dh’ iarr an duine uasal maitheanas air an Emperor came in, and took a glass out of my Impire Og. Fhuair e siod. hand.” The gentleman asked forgiveness of the young Emperor, which was granted him. “Air a leithid so de latha de’n mhios, theid “ On such-and-such a day of the month, thou thu gu ’m shealltuinn-sa, agus a shealltuinn shalt come and see me, and see also where she caite am bheil i ’fuireachd.” dwells.” Dh’ fhag iad beannachd aig a cheile, ’us They left blessings with each other, and the gheall an duine uasal siod da-; dh’ fhalbh iadsan gentleman promised to come; and they [the leis a’ charbad, ’us rainig iad an luchairt. young Emperor and Empress] went away in the chariot, and arrived at the palace. NOTES AND TRANSLATION —By J, G. MACK.AY, London. J.Notes. F. Campbell From theof Islay,MS. CollectionsVol X., of28.—From the late saysand hishis motherfather [the]will hold towel, [the] and bason they [forquarrel. him] Roderick MacLean, Ken Tangval, Barra. whereSon goes and away, does becomesthe same—Master’s schoolmaster, goesdaughter else- Scribe,The tale Hector ends MacLean. as if more were to follow. The falls in love with him—[he] goes to East Indies— fulfilmenteither the ofscribe the bird’sor the prophecyreciter. isYet forgotten Campbell by comesmen yi back a cart, disguised marries as master’s sailor, meets daughter two gentle-on the had a high opinion of the tale : for on the flyleaf mentsly, goes of bird’shome, prophecyis reconciled is omitted]—comes to his father [fulfil- in a ofson the learn MS. language he wrote:—“ of birds—Son An Emperor tells makesthat bird his gorgeous coach and overthrows his father-in- AN DEO-GREJNE. 89 law’s pride. It is a curious mixture of ideas of In No. 354, Canain nan Eun, The Language of grandeurEmperor. andIt is thein thatreverse. respect Barraabout theand best the I followsBirds, brother-story:—The hero isto the No. son 28, ofevents a knight, occur notas haveIn ayet note read.” to this tale, No. 28, the scribe, Hector forof anthe Emperor. same reason He as inquarrers this tale, with becomes his father king thisMacLean, tale would has written seem to:—“ be The bare. dialogue Thuirt through esan entirelyand marries different the king’s set of daughter adventures, in virtue and ofover- an beenand thuirtno pruning. ise not oftenIn recitingoccurring, this but tale,there hasthe throwsBoth hisNos. father’s 28 and pride, 354, not brother-tales,his father-in-law’s. were ingreciter him used recite very it, fewit would of them be perceivedindeed, and at hear-once transcribedof No. 354 isby of Hector a very MacLean.different stamp,But theand style the dramaticthat they effectwould of have the dialogue.”destroyed the point and derived,idiom is faras moreNo. picturesque,354 was, from as becomesthe bard a oftale a writtenAcross :—“ this This note note of inHector’s, reply to aCampbell suggestion has of havefamous invented Highland styles chief. so different.Hector couldThe scarcelyconclu- mine that MacLean had pruned his stories in sion,tions, therefore, records which,is, that though we have, not in hisperfect, transcrip- are reciterswriting whothem were after very andiffuse.” experience of sundry fairly close to the originals; which is satisfactory. the Lords of his Majesty’s Privie Council in THE Ml S'SPELLING OF HIGHLAND favour of Lauchlan MacKintoshie of Torcastle, PLACE-NAMES AND SURNAMES. our chieffe, against Evan Cameron of Lochyeild, Colonel Martin has raised a very interesting &c.” It ,is signed by nine MacPhersons, five question in the mis-spelling of Highland place- MacKintoshes, three MacGillivrays, two Mac- names and surnames. It is very provoking Beans, two Shaws, one MacQueen, and two how careless and indifferent our people were in others by initials. the old days, as to the treatment of our In 1664 John Grant of Glenmorriston binds language, but what could one expect, when by himself to free William Robertson of Inches and the decree of Kirk and State, the only way to his, and harmless and skaithless keep them from civilise us was to kill our native tongue, and if all attack and molestation ” by seventy-seven it had not a very great amount of vitality, they individuals, of which the following are speci- would have succeeded in doing so. We know mens, viz. :—John MacNeil, in Invermorriston ; that at the time of the framing of the Statutes Ewen Maclain beg there; Donald MacConchie of Icolmkill, 1610, very few of the Highland mor, there ; Donald MacWilliam vie Iain roy, chiefs could either speak or write the English there; John MacFionlay, brebiter there, &c., language; of the twelve whose names are men- (fee. tioned in the Statutes, not more than the half In the Skye Rent rolls for the year 1664, on could sign their own names. Charters, bonds the MacLeod estate, the name MacLeod is always of friendship, and manrent, were usually written written as above, a few other names are abbrevi- by Lowland notaries, who had no knowledge or ated. The MacDonald is not quite so regular, appreciation of our language, and when the but the big majority are written in full. On chiefs themselves could not correct them, the MacKinnon, they are all clansmen and get nothing but error could be expected. These full honours. are the men who are responsible for the slovenly In the year 1596, when Sir James MacDonald way of spelling Highland surnames with a was being ousted from Islay, the men of Islay comma or Me. It is interesting to find thjjit got up a petition or bond addressed to the king. charters or bonds written in the Highlands, The petition goes on : —“ Tharefore wee beseik evidently by clerics, have invariably Mac your londships for the caus of God, to left we written in full. We have an early instance of have ouine native sade maister your subject, this in a charter granted to Aoidh MacKay of duiringe his lyfetyme, and tharafter his eldest Strathnaver, in 1499, and writteii at Inverness ; sonne and air, Sir James : This wee beseik your the name is given as; follows, “ to. Odo, alias lordships to doe for Godis caus, as wee ewir Y-Mackay,” and further down in the same char- bound to praie for your lordships, staneing wee ter, “ Odo Makky.” , Again, in the following rest.” It is signed by thirteen, nine of whom year, there is an entry in the Lord High spell their names in full, with Mak. It is Treasurer’s books, fora payment “to ane man evidently written by a cleric from the wording that brocht writings to ye king fra Y-Maky, by of it. In 1606, a bond of friendship was the kingis command xiiiis.” entered into by the chiefs of MacKinnon and In 1664 the following bond was entered MacNab. It was written at Uir in Glenorchy, into: “ Wee under subscryt, Gentlemen of and both chiefs sign “ with my hand led to the the Clan Chattan, in obedience to His Majesty’s pen.” It is witnessed by five MacNabs and two authority, and letters of concurrence granted by MacKinnons, and it also was evidently written 90 AN DEO-GREINE. by a cleric. In 1671 a similar bond is entered Clan names, and in every case writes them in into by the chiefs of MacKinnon and MacGregor, full. written at Kilmorie in Skye, and the names are I might multiply instances in abundance to again written in full “ Mac.” show that the mangling of Highland surnames In the year 1626 the chief of MacKay raised was the product of illiterate times, and the a regiment of 3,000 Highlanders, which invention of Lowland Notaries, in their attempt took part in the thirty years war. The history to anglicise our Clan names. Would it not be of the regiment was written by Colonel Munro as reasonable on the same principle, if you write of Foulis. He had occasion naturally to write McDonald, or M'Donaid, also to do the same to the names of officers and men very frequently, the Englished form of it, thus—Donalds’n? and in every case he writes Mac in full. Sir I find such an attempt made by the skipper of Donald MacKay, the Colonel’s own name, is fre- the ship that conveyed the MacKay regiment to quently given, sometimes in letters from the Holland in the year 1626. He signs the charter Secretary of State, from King Christian of Den- W, Rober,son. To come down to modem times, mark, and Gustavus Adolphus, but always I find that all our Celtic scholars that I can written in full, but variously spelled thus— think of write the names in full, viz., W. F. MacKay, MacKy, Macquei. Skene, Donald Gregory, Professor Ewan Mac- About the same time, Sir Robert Gordon Lachlan, James Logan, Charles Fraser-MacKin- wrote a History of the Earldom of Sutherland; tosh, General Stewart, Rev. Drs. Norman Mac- to a large extent it is a general history of the Leod, Martin MacPherson, MacKintosh MacKay, Highlands, and necessarily he mentions the Thomas MacLachlan, Thomas Ross, Alexander names of almost every chief in the Highlands, Stewart (Nether Lochaber), Donald MacQueen and in no case does he abbreviate a name. of Kilmuir, Alexander Mac Bean, Professor A case of melancholy interest is that of James MacKinnon, and Professor Watson. Surely MacKintosh of Kinrara, who was transported to safe enough guides to go by. Virginia, for his share in the rising of 1715 ; he J. G. MacKat, Portree. indentured himself to Henry Trafford of Liver- pool, who was to employ him according to the custom of the country, in return for which Trafford was to find him in food, drink, and AN DUBH GHLEANNACH. apparel, and to pay his passage. MacKintosh signs Ja. MacKintosh. Shortly after, Trafford . This song is generally regarded as one of sold him to Mr. Joseph Chamberlain in Vir- the finest nautical songs in the language. It ginia, and “ assigns all my right and title to the is the composition of Corporal Alexander Mac- service of the within named James MacKintosh, Kinnon, Morar, who was horn in 1770, and died upon the terms and condition within men- at Fort-William in 1814. The hero of this tioned.” song was Alexander MacDonald of Glenaladale At a meeting of the Skye chiefs and their (Fear a’ Ghlinne), who built the monument to principal tacksmen, held in Portree in April, Prince Charlie which stands in Glenfinnan. 1744, a resolution was passed pledging them- The “ Dubh Ghleannach ” was his pleasure selves to discountenance the use of brandy and barge, and the song is in her praise. The wine, except what they happened to have on bard was handsomely rewarded by Glenaladale hand, to discotmtenance the drinking of tea, and for his powerful poem. to prohibit the purchasing of meal from vessels, Key G. Moderate, with dramatic effect. but such as were approved of by the heritors (an early example of prohibition and anti-dumping). I: Si! Si: — : d | m : — : r I d : — : —• | d : — : } They also, in a moderate way, discouraged the Li dhorah ’gmi’n cois na trigh - ad use of tobacco, except what comes in a legal way; none of them was to purchase more than I : | r : r : r I m : - .r: d [ h I h : ( a roll at a time for his own proper use, and Chuala mi caismeachd nan G&idheal “ they were to use their utmost endeavour to prevent the immoderate use of it amongst the I : I Si:-.d:d.d I m:—:r I d | d : I vulgar.” There were present at the meeting, Dh'aithnich mi meOir ghrinn a’ Bhrith - aich. Sir Alxander Macdonald of Macdonald, Norman ) : d I r :-.r: r | rt: r-d | 1, f— | h : I Maoleod of Macleod, John Mackinnon of Mac- Air gionnsair bu Itith - mhdr gair - ich, kinnon, and Malcolm Macleod of Raasay. The minute is signed by William Tolmie, Dunvegan. I : 1 I d : h I Si : n, I Si : — : Si I m :-.ri: 1 Martin, a native Skyeman, and an Edinburgh Is thuig mi gu’n do ghluais an t-armunn, lawyer, wrote an account of a tour of the Western Isles; he necessarily mentions all the { :Fear m I togails : n :nan n | tiirr I d nasal : r | nstitail. :-.r : } AN DEO-GREINE. 91 Bha Neptune agus JEolus eudmhor, : I d I, | I,: s, : s, I 1, f Dh ’iarr iad builg nan stoirm a sheideadh, * ’S i’n Dubh-Ghleannach a bh’ ann ! Dh’ orduich iad gach bord dh’ i reubadh, ’S na siiiil a stracadh ’nam breidean, d I s, n, : s, ! n | s : n : r Le borb-sgread is fead na reub-ghaoith, Ho ro gheallaidh na c6 'chuireadh i! ’Cur siaban thonn ’na steall ’s na speuran. ’S i ’n Dubh Ghleannach a bh’ ann, etc. Trom oirre seinu! Thoisich ixr-spaim chruaidh mar dh’ iarr iad * To be repeated as a coda to each verse. Chruinnich neoil dhubha na h-iarmailt, Bu mhiann leam sunnd nam port ealanta, ’Nan trom liiirichean dliith iargalt’, Bu chonabhalach urlar is gearraidhean, ’S iad a’ trusadh surd ’sa lionadh Dionach, liighor, dliith neomhearachdach, Mar dhorch smiiid a fiiimeis iaruinn, ’Tionndadh nan siubhlaichean caithreamach, Gu briichdadh stoirm bha garbh is fiadhaich. ’Dhuisgeadh liith an smiiis ’sna carraidean, ’S i ’n Dubh Ghleannach a bh’ ann, etc. Diithchas nan lann dubh-ghorm tana dhuibh. ’N earalas fo laimh air gabhaidh, ’S i ’n Dubh Ghleannach a bh’ ann, etc. Chur sibh an ceann i gu dana ; Dhirich mi’m bruthach le h-eibhneas, Gach cupall is stadh ’san robh faillinn, Dh’ eisdeachd ri “ Failte High Seumas,” ’Sparradh bhuill thaghta ’nan aite, ’S chunna mi ’n Druimneach dhubh, ghleusda Slabhraidhean canach air faraidh, ’Cur fa^sgaoil a h-aodaich breid-ghil, Theannaich sibh gu daingean laidir. Air machair mhin, sgiamhach, reidhleach, ’S i ’n Dubh Ghleannach a bh’ ann, etc. Mar steud criiidheach, ’s i cur reise. Bheartaich iad gach ball neo-chearbach, ’S i ’n Dubh Ghleannach a bh’ ann, etc. Ullamh, dea,s gu gleachd ri fairge ; Chunna mi ’n Druimneach dhubh dhealbh- Tharruing i le gaoith an earra-dheas, ach, Ghlac i ’n caol fo taobh ’s bu doirbh e, Long Alasdair ghlinnich nan garbh-chrioch, ’S ged bha Neptune eaothrach, stoirmeil, Mar steud rioghail air bharr fairge, Mhaslaich an saobh-shruth ’san dorch e! Togail bho thir le sioda balla^bhreac, ’S i’n Dubh Ghleannach a bh’ann, etc. Suaicheantas rioghail na h-Alba, Ghluaiseadh na miltean gu fearra^ghleus. Nochd an dubhar gniiis gun chaoimhneas, ’S i ’n Dubh Ghleannach a bh’ ann, etc. Sgaoileadh cuirtearan na h-oidhche; Sgioba na h-iiibhraich an gainntir, ’Nuair ghabhadh i’m fuaradh ’na sliasaid, O’n cheud duil gu cur Dun-aoibhneis, ’S guala ’n fhasgaidh ’chasadh dian ris, Phaisg iad trian gach siuil gu teann-chruaidh. Ghearradh i ’n linn’ air a fiaradh, Is las iad ri ’cairtiuil na coinnlean. ’N aghaidh gaoithe, sld is lionadh, ’S i’n Dubh Ghleannach a bh’ ann, etc. Dh’ eignich i Corran an diarrais, ’S leum i air iteig mar ian as! lomradh slan do Chaiptein Alasdair, ’S i ’n Dubh Ghleannach a bh’ ann, etc. Le sgioba tabhachdach, bearraideach, Bu mhiann leam failt ’ur cairdean dealaidh ’Nuair gheibheadh i cliathaich fo fbars’ dhuibh, neachd, Calla seamh bho ghabhadh mharannan, Soirbheas ’na sliasaid ’ga brosnach’, Coinneamh bhaigheil, bhlath gach caraid Mar shiubhladh miol-chu bras-astrach, dhuibh, ’Na ruith air sliabh is fiadh air thoiseach, Pog bhur mathar, mna is leannain dhuibh. I direadh nan tonn liath’s ’gan sgoltadh, ’S i’n Dubh Ghleannach a bh’ ann, etc. Shnaidheadh i iad mar iarunn locrach. ’S i ’n Dubh Ghleannach a bh’ ann, etc. Chaidh righ nan soirbheas g’a dhiibhlan, Mhionnaich Neptune agus Nonius, Aig meud na strannaraich ’sna h-iipraid, Bho ’n chaidh gaoth is cuan fo ’n brdugh, Dh’ fhosgail na builg air an ciilthaobh, Nach do mhaslaicheadh cho mor iad, ’S mu ’n gann a fhuair iad an dimadh, Bho linn na h-airc a bha aig Noah, Bha Maighdean nan Mor-bheann cuirteil, Gu robh ’n Righ as airde comhnadh, An acarsaid fo shroin na diithcha! ’Dion ’sa sabhaladh Chloinn Dbmhnuill! ’S i ’n Dubh Ghleannach a bh’ ann, etc. ’S i ’n Dubh Ghleannach a bh’ ann, etc. —Sar-Obair nam Bard. 92 AN DEO-GREINK. THE SECRETARY’S PAGE. The annual. concert of the Dundee Gaelic Musical Association took place in the Y.M.C.A. Th.a na Faoillich. seachad ach tha ’ghaoth Hall, Dundee, recently. It was one of the most luath Mhairt air thoiseach oimn! Cha choir successful concerts held under the auspices of bhi gearan. Tha sinn a’ cluinntinn bho chaird- the Association. The laurels gained at the ean gu bheil an sobhrach a’ togail a cinn an sud Edinburgh Mod no doubt added interest to an ’san so air feadh na Gaidhealtachd far- am bheil ever-popular entertainment, In addition.to fasgadh aice bho Ti ghaoith an ear chrannd- the Mod test pieces, choral and solo settings aidh, thiorain. Cha ’n fhada gus an tig dreach from “ Songs of the Hebrides ” were finely ren- an Earraich air an diithaich agus tha feum dered by the choir and members. Mr Colin air—bha ’n Geamhradh fada. MacDonald, President of the Association, * * * presided. Readers will be interested to know that, in addition to those already noted, Gaelic reading The Edinburgh Gaelic Musical Association classes have been conducted during the winter also held their annual concert last month. months by clergymen in the following places— General Sir Francis Davies, Commander of the Brodick, Duror, Fort-William, and Tobermory. Forces in Scotland, presided, and gave a very We appreciate very much the practical interest interesting address. The Commander-in-Chief taken in the Gaelic cause by these gentlemen. is studying Gaelic under Mr Neil Orr, the well- * * * known and popular conductor of the Edinburgh The Duror class, which has been conducted Choir. The concert was highly successful, by the Rev. D. M. MacLennan, parish minister, Miss Horsburgh and Mr Roderick MacLeod add- formed itself into a Branch of An Comunn at a ing much to the enjoyment of a high-class ceilidh held recently. We anticipate further programme. good work from Duror, and material is not lacking for Mod competitions. We hope to We are always pleased to note the success of see competitors present from all the country- any of our members, and the warmth of recep- side at the Oban Mod this year. tion accorded to Miss Phemie Marquis at the Bums Night Concert in the Royal Albert Hall, Miss Nettie Stewart, the well-known Mod London, calls for special mention here. Miss prize-winner, gave a musical evening to mem- Marquis had to respond to several encores, and bers of the Rothesay Branch recently. She was pronounced one of the most successful was ably assisted by Miss Chrissie Campbell, Gaelic singers to appear in that Hall. Ardrossan; Mr J. B. Stocks, and Mr Iain * * * Stewart. Miss Rena MacMillan played the Concerts in the city this month include the accompaniments, and Mr J. C .MacLean, the “ annuals ” of the following. The names in Branch piper, played selections on the pipes. parenthesis are the chairmen : —Glasgow Gaelic There has seldom been in Rothesay an enter- Musical Association (Prof. Murdoch Cameron) ; tainment of such all-round merit, and the Bute Islay Association (J. W. Davis, LL.D., United Branch are very fortunate in having a lady of States Ambassador) ; St. Columba Church Miss Stewart’s accomplishments on their roll Gaelic Choir (Mr Malcolm MacLeod). This of members. * * * brings to a close a session of unusual activity. We regret very much to intimate to our readers the sudden death of Mr MacKay, head- Members of the Glasgow Gaelic Musical master, Maryburgh School, near Dingwall. Sketch Party are to appear at the “ Donnachadh Mr MacKay was present at our meeting in Ban” anniversary concert in Oban on the 19th Dingwall on 20th January, and seemed in excel- of this month. In addition to giving “ Domh- lent health. He was well known at Mods held null ’san Tombaca ” and the dialogue, in the North, and on several occasions had a “ Clamhas,” two of the members will sing some choir competing. He was keenly interested of the great poet’s* songs.* * in the teaching of Gaelic, and his loss will he At the Special Gaelic Service held in Killin very much felt in the Dingwall district. last month, the Rev. T. S. MacPherson, convener The variety entertainment promoted by Mr of the Publication Committee, preached with Donald Macpha.il, Gaelic Reader to the Choir, much acceptance, to about fifty people. These has augmented the funds of the “ G. G.” by over services are arrange d by our President, the £28. The entertainment included juvenile parish minister of' Killin, and are very much dancing, for which medal prizes were given, and appreciated by the elderly people in the^ parish. variety turns from the music-halls. AN DEO-GREINE. 93 DIASAN GA1DHEALACH—SEAN AGUS fhada dharaich; ’n a laimh chli bha gloinne- NUADH. siila fada caol; bha e gun cheann-aodach, gun chas-bheart; bha aghaidh dealrach mar an FIRST PRIZE, MOD 1898. solus, agus a cheann air a chrimadh le liath- reothadh na h-aoise. Car tiota bha mi fo Lb Creag an T-Sagaibt. uamhas, agus air chrith bho mhullach mo Tha inntinn an duine gu trie ag aomadh gu chiim gu bonn mo choise. Dh’ fheuch mi ri bhi rannsachadh a niacii agus a’ sgriidadli bruidhiim, ach blia glas-bhebil orm ’s nach b’ nithean a blmineas do staid agus do sbuidh- urrainn mi faoal a radh—dh’ fheuch mi ri eachadh a cliomh-chreutair aims na laithean a eiridh, ach cha robh liigh coise no laimhe dll’ flialbh. Tha e nadurra do na linntean a again. tha lathair a bbi sealltuinn air an ais air Thug an neach a bha ’n so fainear gu’n robh cleachdan nan linntean a chaidh seacliad, agus mi fo eagal agus fo thrioblaid. Ann am ged a tha ’chuid mhor de eachdraidh neo- briathran ciuine thubhairt e rium. “ A mhic sgriobhte an t-saoghail paisgte suas aim an a’ Ghaidheil, na bi fo eagal, ach eirich agus diomhaireaohd agus ’an dorcliadas, gidheadh lean mo cheuman-sa, bheir mise beagan tliatar coinasach, le raimsachadh agus le geur- misnich agus soilleireachaidh dhuit mu na bheachdacbadh, a bhi toirt solids agus eblais air nithean a tha ’cur trioblaid ort.” Dh’ fhag an liithean a bha roimhe so, diomhair agus dorclia. heagal mi, thainig liigh nam ball air ais, agus Tlia e, mar an ceudna, nadurra gu’m bi gach fhuair mi comas na teanga. Gu h-umlial ’s neach, gach pobull agus gach cinneach a’ gabh- neo-sgathach lean mi e, a ’cur na ceiste ris, ail tlachd aim a bhi ’cumail suas eachdraidh “Co thusa, no ciod e d’ainm?” “Is mise,” agus morachd an diithcha shbnraichte fein, ars’ esan, “ An t-Aosda, agus is Aosda m’ chionn tha gradh duthcha a’ laidhe gu domh- ainm.” Threbraich e mi .thar rathad corrach, ainn aim an cridheachan dliaoine. Tha eachd- cas, gu mullach beiime airde bho’m faioear fad raidh a’ Ghaidheil (cosmhail ri eachdraidh agus farsuingeachd an domhain gu h iomlan— dhuthehannaii eile) paisgte aim an dorchadas bho eirigh gu laidhe na greine. “ Fosgail,” re moran liimtean a dh’ fhalbh, ach ’s mor an ars’ an t-Aosda, “ do shiiilean ; mosgail suas, solus a chaidh a thilgeadh air eachdraidh a’ agus cuir an gloinne so ri d’ shiiil.” Rinn mi Ghaidheil o shean, aims an linn so fein. ’S mar dh-iarradh orm ; chuir mi ’n gloinne fada ann le soilleireachd eachdraidh agus eblais a caol ri m’ shiiil; sheall mi mu ’n cuairt agus mhain a thatar comasach air tighinn gu comh- mu ’n cuairt, agus chunnaic mi sealladh a dhunadh chinnteach mu staid, mu shuidh- chuir mor ioghnadh onn. “ Ciod,” ars’ an eachadh, agus mu chleachdan ar n-aithricheau, t-Aosda, “a tha thu ’faicinn?” “Tha mi agus tha na Gaidheil gu sburuichte fo mhor faicinn,” arsa mise, “ aireamh ro-iuhbr de in’ chomain do na daoine foghluinnte a thug an chomh-chreutairean a’ gluasad an sud agus an uine agus an saothair gu bhi ’cur dealbh na so aig iochdar na beinne, mar gu’m biodh iad firiim air eachdraidh an diithclia. Le moran, a’ deanamh uidheamachaidh airson turuis roimh so, cha robh an Gaidheal air a mheas ach fliada.” “ Aig iochdar na beinne moire so,” mar thraill, mar dhuine borb, aineolach ; ’s gun thubhairt an b-Aosda, “ tlia thu ’faicinn mhath ’sam bith ach mar inneal-cogaidh. Mar sreathan de bheamitan as lugha a’ sgaoileadh a tha an saoghal a’ fas na’s sine, tlia ’n mach air gach taobh; aig iochdar nam beann Gaidheal a’ tighinn gu ’rioghachd fein—tha sin, mata, tha creitheal a’ chinne-daoine.” Air moran de na Cbirichean a bhuineadh dha gu dhomh a bhi beachdachadh le sinuaintean laghail, ceart, air an aiseag air an ais dha, agus cudthroiiiach air a’ mhor-slduagh a’ gluasad an feumar aideachadh gu bheil a staid agus a sud agus an so, mar sheangain air tom, agus shuidheachadh air an la an diugh na’s fearr air an aile sin far an d’ fhuair an Ciniieadh- agus na’s cothromaiche na bha iad aims na daoine am priomh-thoiseach, thug mi fainear laithean p shean. Clia b’ ann gun soathair ’s gu ’n robh iad a’ sgapadh a’ cheile—cuid a’ dol gun dragh a choisinn e sin, ach mar tha ’n sean- tuath, cuid a’ dol deas, cuid a’ dol an ear, agus fhacal ag radh—“ Cha tig math gun dragh.” cuid eile an iar. “ Tionndaidh an gloinne- Air dhomh, la an deidh la, a bhi beachd- siila an rathad so,” ars’ an t-Aosda, “’s e achadh air ciiisean a’ Ghaidheil agus a ’sineadh a laimhe ris an Airde-n-Iar.” Rinn dhuthcha,, bha mi fo bhuaireas agus fo mi sin. “ An ceud buidheann a tha thu ’faicinn ioimagain; agus air oidhche shbnruichte an air an t-slighe chum na h-Airde-’n-Iar—’s iad deidh dhomh gabhail gu tamh, chunnaic mi sin,” ars’ esan, “ an sluagh ris an abrar na aisling a thug solas do m’ chridhe. Thainig Gaidheil, an Cinneach sin bho ’n d’ thainig neach araidh am fagus dhomh ’s mi am laidhe - Gaidheil do la fein ; chm do shiiil orra.” “ ’S fo sgaile craoibhe moire ann an tir nach b’ mi a chumas, Aosda Ghraidhaich,” arsa mise; aithne dhomh. ’Na laimh dheis bha cromag “ bu mhiann learn a bhi ’n an cuideachd.” 94 AN DEO-GREINE. “ Na abaft- sin,” ars’ esan, ’s e cratliadh a a cheaimsaehadh leis an laimh laidir, ach cha chinn. “ Thuit do la agus do linn fein aim an ’n ’eil e idir cho furasda Canain an bsluaigh a am sith agus soilleireachd; cha ’n e sin dhaibh- mhilleadh gu buileach. Ged a dh’ fhaodas san a chaidh romliad, agus a tha thu a nis a’ aon chanain a bhi air a slugadh a suas le canain faicimi; ’s iomadh trioblaid, cruaidh-chas, eile, gidhaadh cha ’n ’eil a’ chanain sin a tha agus catli trom troimb ’m feum iad dol mu’m air a slugadh a suas air a call ach aim am faigh iad a’ bhuaidh sin a tha ’feitheamh orra,” pairt. Tha canain a tha mar so air a tathadh An deidh nan Gaidheal thug mi fainear gu ’n li canain as treise, a’ fantuiun bed ann an robh dream eile a’ gabhail na slighe ceudna ; ddigh, ged is ann fo shamhladh, no ann an b ’iad sin na Teutonaich, no mar theirear an eideadh canain eile, chionn tha i ’toirt beatha diugh; na Germailtich. agus cumhachd do ’n chanain sin eile. A’ gabhail geur-bheachd air an da bhuidh- Tha sin gu sdnniichte fior aim an ainm eann sin—na Gaidheil agus na Teutonaich— aitean ; tha na h-ainmean sin air an sgriobhadh chaill mi sealladh air a’ chuid eile de ’n mhor- cho domhain air aghaidh an t-saogliail nadurra shluagh a chunnaic mi aig iochdar na beinne ’s nach gabh iad ach gann, dubhadh a mach, moire ; ach, mar thubhairt an t-Aosda, “ Cha ged a dh’ fhaodas iad a bhi air atharrachadh ’n ’oil ar gnothuch-ne riutha aig an am, fagar dreacha. Agus mar sin le bhi ’sgriidadh agus iad, gach aon a’ gabhail a rathaid fhein.” a’ rannsachadh a mach ami an solus edlais agus A’ cumail ar siiilean air na Gaidheil, tha sinn fiosrachadh, brigh agus freumh nan ainmean a’ faicinn gu ’n d’ rinn cuid dhiu ai teach as mu leis a bheil a’ chuid mhor de ’n t-saoghal 800 mile an lar de ’n aite ’dh fhag iad, agus nadurra aithnichte, tha luchd-rannsachaidh thug iad an ainm fhein air- an aite sin— comasach air faotainn a mach ciod a ghne Galatia.—’se sin tir no aile nan Gaidheal. C’ dhaoine a thug na h-ainmean seachad. uin a thainig iad an sin 1 Cha ’n ’eil fios, ach ’S aim air an ddigh sin a thatar a’ tighinn gu blia iad ag aiteachadh na tire sin mu 300 no comh-dhunadh gu’n d’ aitich na Gaidheil cuid 400 bliadhna roimh theachd Chriosda, agus de dhiithchan na h-Eorpa air an turus a chum bha ’Ghaidhlig air a bruidhinn an sin aig am na h-Airde ’n lar, agus a chum Bhrea-tuinn. an naoimh lerome. “ B’ iad na. Gaidheil,” ars’ Bha. na Gaidheil agus na Teutonaich ’nan an t-Aosda, “ a reir bara.il dhaoine foghluimte’, coimheirsnich dhliitha eadhon air an turus an ceud buidheann a chuir cas air tir na. h- troimh ’n Eorpa, agus’s e sliochd nan Gaidheal, Eorpa as an Asia, agus bha na Teutonaich aig agus nan Teutonach a tha ’n diugh ag aiteach- an sail. Air an turns troimh ’n Eorpa, bha adh nan Eileinnean Breatunnach fo na h- na Gaidheil o am gu h-am a’ cur catha ri ainmean coitchionn — Albannaich — Eirionn- treubhan eile a bha. tighimi ’n an car, agus b’ aich agus Sasunnaich. iomadh oath, cruaidh agus fuilteach a chaidh 0 mhor-roinn na h-Eorpa, mata, bha ’chur eadar iad fein agus na Teutonaich, na Breatuim agus Eirinn air an aiteachadh le Greugaich agus na Boimhich. ’S aim bho na Gaidheil. Tha Gaidheil na h-Alba ’s na h- Gaidheil, na Teutonaich, na Greugaich agus na Eirinn bho ’n aon stoc, agus tha iad a’ Roimhich a thainig gach sluagh a tha ’n diugh bruidhinn na canain ceudna. Tha an Sasuiin- ag aiteachadh na Roinn-Eorpa.” ach, agus Gall na h-Alba, air an tarruing arms " Air an turus rathad na h-airde ’n lar, dh’ a’ mhor-chuid o’n stoc Teutonach. Ach tha e aitich na Gaidheil earrannan de ’n Eadailt, de duilich a radh air an la diugh, c’ aite am bheil thir nan Suitseach, de ’n Fhraing agus de ’n an teaghlach Gaidhealach anns nach ’eil boinne Spainne, a.gus mar dhearbhadh air sin dh’ fhag no dha de fhuil a’ choigrich, ’n an cuislean. iad comharran ’nan deigh nach gabh aicheadh. Tha na Sasunnaich, bho ha linntean a dh’ fhalbh Mar thubhairtear cheana, tha moran de shean gus a nis, ’g am meas fhein fada os ceann nan eachdraidh a Ghaidheil air a pasgadh sua.s Gaidheal, agus ag agairt dhaibh fhein nior ann an dorchadas, agus ’s ann le bhi leughadh chliii air son an eolais, am morachd agus am aghaidh naduir, amis na litirichean maireann- maitheis; gu’m bheil gach maitheas a tha ’s ach sin—Ainm Aitean—a tha tar comasach air an t-saoghal a’ toiseachadh agus a.’ criochnach- beagan soluis a thilgeadh air an dorchadas sin adh anns an t-Sasunnach; ~gur esan, agus esan leis am bheil eachdraidh neo-sgriobhte a’ a mhain, riaghlair an domhain, agus gur ann Ghaidheil o shean air a, h-iadhadh mu ’n cuairt. aige-san a mhain a tha iucliair eolais an t- Thug na Gaidheil, mata, ainmean Gaidhlig aii' saoghail. Is trie a gheibhear e ag amharc moran aitean feadli na h-Eorpa, agus le bhi sios le tair air a’ Ghaidheal, agus ag a niheas lorgachadh a mach freumh agus brigh nan mar chreutar aineolach suarach—a’ toirt ainmean, thatar a’ tighinn gus a’ chomh- aite-suidhe ciiil dha amis gach ni. Tha fios dhiinadh, gu ’n d’ aitich iad am fearann sin a aig an t-saoghal gu ro-mliath, gur iomadh tha ’giiilan gus an la diugh ainmean tamailt agus tair a chaidh a charnadh air ceann Gaidhlig. Faodaidh e bhi ’na m furasd sluagh a’ Ghaidheil, an da chuid ’an eachdraidh ’s ’an AN DEO-GKEINfi. 95 cainnt; agus clia b’ ioghnadh e idir ged a secretaryship, and Mr. Duncan MacIntyre has gliluaiseadb a leithid sin de dhroch-ghiiathachas been appointed in his place. naimbdeas ann an cridlie a’ Gbaidheil an Portree Higher Grade School Club. — The agbaidk a lucbd-maslacbaidh. students attending the Portree School have (R’a leant uinn.) dayformed evening, a club,which at which holds papers a ceilidh are every read Satur- and mostdebates successful take place debate in Gaelic was heldand aEnglish. few weeks A THE BACKBONE OF THE NATION. ago;anns subject—“na sgoilean?” Am bu Thechoir subject Gaidhlig was a discussedtheagasg Tbe object of tbe Land Settlement (Scotland) with very great spirit and enthusiasm, and the Bill is to facilitate and to secure settlement of Gaelicaffirmative and Englishwas carried songs byond a largereadings majority. were suitable persons upon the land, preferably per- given. Miss MacKenzie, the Bursar Superin- sons who have served in the fighting forces in tendent ; Miss MacDonald, Viewfield; and Miss this or in any other previous war. Surely Gillanders, The Schoolhouse, gave valuable there never was a time in our long island story sgeulachdsassistance. andMr. historical J. G. sketches.MacKay givesThe Gaelicchair- when the settlement of a, contented and robust man, who conducts the meetings in a most effici- peasantry upon our soil was more desirable, nay, ent manner, is Mr. John Angus MacKenzie. more urgent, than it is to-day. Never was that Secretary, Miss Chrissie MacDonald. urgency more generally recognised. The men from the land in Scotland proved to be a tower of strength in the hour of national peril, and SYDNEY GAELIC SOCIETY. their ranks, which have been thinned by the (Cape Breton). scythe of death, must be replenished by men who, if need be, will revindicate the claim to A subscriber kindly sent us the following heroism which has been so fully established. It report, which appeared in the Sydney Daily behoves the House to legislate, to have regard Post of January 23rd. Our readers at home not only to the cities but to the solitudes as will be much interested to know what is being well; and it is desirable that in these days men done for the encouragement and cultivation of should escape from the drive and the artifici- the language by brother Gaels across the sea : — ality and the fever of city life to the freshness The opening meeting of the Sydney Gaelic and the freedom and the peace which country Society, held in the Assembly Hall of the life offers. The tillers of her soil are the very Lyceum last evening, was attended by a packed backbone of France to-day, and there is no houseThe ofregular people order interested. of business was dispensed reason why this should not be so in Scotland as with and an entertaining programme of speeches, well. The purpose of this Bill is to help to songs, and music was carried out. The Speakers bring about that desirable consummation.—The were Rev. D. M. MacAdam, J. D. M'Kinnon, Right Honourable Robert Munro (Secretary for Councillors Angus W. MacDonald, D. J. Mac- Scotland). Donald,Songs wereLeo Campbell,sung by Mrsand J.John J. M‘Millan,C. M'Neil. M. andR. M‘Leod,D. J. MacDonald. and Councillors Joseph Campbell AN COMUNN NEWS. Dancing Items. Portree Branch. — This branch is now in full dancingThe audience by Dan was M‘Intyre, treated Glaceto some Bay. good stepThe theswing. present The followingsession:—President, are the office-bearers Mr. J. forG. petition which is being circulated by the Gaelic Mackay; vice-president, Mr. Roderick ■ Mac cialSociety secretary which prayingis to be thatpresented the Gaelic to the language provin- Kenzie;Ferguson secretary; committee—Misses and treasurer, Toonie Mr. and Murdo Flora be placed on the course of studies in the schools MacDonald, Viewfield; Phoebe and Marjory tures,of this and province all present was whopassed had around not already for signa- done Street;MacDonald, Mrs. Redcliff; MacIntyre, Mima Fraser,Weltworth Wentworth Street; so subscribed their names. DonaldMessrs. Fraser,A. M. Murchison,Duncan, MacIntyre, Wm. Stewart, Wm. MajorNicol- New Officers. son, Roderick Kemp, and Jack Ross. Gaelic electedThe officersat the forprevious the ensuing meeting year were who in theirwere everychoir practice,Tuesday evening.conducted Monthlyby Mr. R. ceilidh MacKenzie on the places. They are:—President, Angus M‘Neil: last Tuesday of each month. Arrangements are M.vice-president, R. M‘Leod; Angussecretary. MacDonald; J. J. M'lnnis; treasurer, finan- beingbehalf madeof the for Publishing a Gaelic Fundconcert of inAn MarchComunn, on cial secretary, James Parago; doorkeeper, M. and it is expected that concerts will be held M'Kinnon.A large number of new members were enrolled. inMr. several Roderick country MacLeod schools has for kindly the same offered object. to Several members of the pipers’ band were pre- help. Mr. Murdo Ferguson, having been bagpipesent, and music. they gaveThe manymeeting good came selections to a close of removedNational Bankto the of Fort-WilliamScotland, has hadbranch to resign of the with the singing of the National Anthem. AN DEO-GREINE. Council Endorse Petition. The petition referred to above came up before the members of the County Council last Mon- Skye Homespun dayThe evening,County Clerkand waswas endorsedinstructed by to that write body. the petitionprovincial be granted.secretary that the prayer of the Cheviot Tweed & AN COMUNN G AID MEAL ACM, NEW MEMBERS. Motor Reversible Cloths. LIFE. Sir Robert Maule, Tnmmel Bridge. ORDINARY. DIRECT FROM LOOM TO Miss Jessie Mackenzie, Glasgow DavidAngus MacLennan,MacRae, M.A., Esq., Edinburgh.Glasgow. WEARER AllanGeorge MacDougall, Ross, Esq.. Esq.,Rogart. Overnewton. (AS SUPPLIED TO ROYALTY) AlisterMiss M. MacDonald, C. Cameron, Esq., Glasgow.Inverness. burghAtholl Robertson, M.C., M.B., Ch.B., Edin- Rev. Alex. Boyd, M.A., Glencoe. Patterns and Prices pn Application PUBLICATION FUND. Amount previously acknowledged, £113 19 0 Received per Rev. G. W. Mackay, Portree Wool Mill Co., Ltd. J.Killin—Proceeds C. MacLellan, ofat lecture Kinloch by Ran-Rev. Mrsnoch, MacDiarmid, ... 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Act, 1907, and TicketNo person in respect can recoverof the same under risk. more than one Coupon S. A. NEWALL & SONS, Signature, Stornoway, SCOTLAND. “ AnThis Deo-OrGne,” Coupon must as notthat, be beingcut out, dated, but forms left intact the only in State shade desired and whether for evidence of its currency. Gepts.’ or Ladies’ Wear. ADVERTISEMENTS. The Shop for Gaelic Books. Gaelic Self-Taught. An Introduction to GaelicPrice Postage ciationfor Beginners, invaluablr with to anLearners, imitated complete, pronun- 1/6 2d An Rosarhaeh,Gaelic authors, a galaxy 2 volumes of the ready, best moderneach 10/- 6d TheBardach Wizard’s Leodhais. Gillie, Lewis with Bards, Gaelic now and ready, English 6/- 6d Fionnopposite ann an pages,Tigh a’ Bhlair Bhuidhe, A Tale,2 3d/6 4d£d Reid’sHandbook New for Elementary Speakers atCourse Gaelic of Meetings,Gaelic, -- 1/-3d 3dJd RosgReiteach Gaidhlig. Moraig. 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GaelicCeltic Lyre,Songs, Gael, little and volume Eng:, in sol-fa tartan and silk, staff, - 3/61/6 3dIJd Na Stad gus an ruig thu so, GaelicBiblesAll Post andOrders Testaments must include at sufficientall prices,- for Postage. ALEX. MACLAREN &. SONS, 360 and 362 Arg-yle Street, GLASGOW GRAND HOTEL, Glasgow First Class Residential Hotel. WE SPECIALISE IN Unequalled accommodation for Balls, Banquets, HAND-WOVEN TWEEDS, Receptions Weddings, etc. Reception Rooms REAL HARRIS, ST. HILDA, WEST and Grand Hall entirely Re decorated and Floor HIGHLAND, ETC. Renewed. SPECIAL TERMS FOR BOARDERS. LADIES’ AND GENTLEMEN’S BED, BREAKFAST AND BATH, 6/6 COSTUMES, SUITS, Afternoon Tea in Lounge a Speciality. IN THESE FABRICS ARE ALWAYS FASHIONABLE, AND GIVE THE W. TAYLOR ~8l CO., MAXIMUM OF WEAR. LADIES’ TAILORS, FURRIERS, Patterns Free in all New Shades. :: :: AND HABIT MAKERS, :: :: J. 6. MALCOLM & BINGHAM, 176 Bath Street, Glasgow. CHARING CROSS (ne^tgerl^nd) Phone—579 Douglas. G. SINCLAIR, Proprietor. GLASGOW. Elementary Course of Gaelic Re-ArrangedBy DUNCAN and REID,Enlarged (Gaelic Master,By NORMAN The Glasgow MACLEOD High School). Price Is. Postage 3d. extra. Publishedin bySchools An Comunnand Gaelic Gaidhealach Classes. for use AN DEO-GREINE Leabhar XV.] Mios Deireannach an Earraich, 1920. [Barrann 7. heal. “ Cha till mi tuille 1” Cuiridh na facail CLAR-INNSIDh. sin fo mhulad e—cha ghabh seachnadh air a chnuasachadh—brixchdaidh e air an inntinn air ExecutiveCnuasachd Council, is rud no dha eile, - - 979 gach fath, air cho math ’sa bhios a shuidheach- Propaganda Campaign, - - . 100 adh saoghalta. Ma dh’ amhairceas sinn air Diasan Gaidhealaeh—Sean agus Nuadh, - - • • 103 saothair nam bard Gaidhealach o am “ an The Secretary’s Page, • - 106 Fhuadachaidh,” chi sinn gur e cnuasachadh is Cruinn-EolasHills of Aberdeenshire, Alba, 10708 ionndrain mu ’n tir a tha an roinn mh6r dhith. Mr. Alexander Macdonald on Highland Education, - - 110 * * * Toast, - • ■ 111 Seall air saothair Mhic Lachlainn Rathuaidhe An Comunn Gaidhealach, ...... 112 —luinneagan cho binn is cho blasda ’sa chaidh riamh a chur an cl6—gheibh thu toradh a’ CNUASACHD IS RUD NO DHA EILE. spioraid air a bheil mi a’ sgriobhadh air a chur sios an sreathan ionmholta leis an lighiche Anns an aireamh m’a dheireadh thug mi choir. Smaoinich air na sreathan seo : — fainear cor Ghaidheil anns na bailtean mora,— “ ’S mi ri iarguin na bheil bhuam, air an sgaradh o’n dixthaich far an deach an ’S trie mu shiiil a’ sealltainn siar, togail, ach air nach robh sebl air beo-shlainte Far an luidh a’ ghrian ’sa’ chuan.” chiiibhiseach fhaighinn.* * * “ Gidheadh tha smaointean tiamhaidh bochd, Tha sleibhtean, is glinn, is torman nan allt, ’Nochd a’ mosgladh ami am chridh’, mar gu’m b’eadh, ag eibheach ri priosanaich Tha mar fhasach falamh fuar, nan gaintirean tighinn air ais gu an uchd ’S e gun luaidh air neach no ni.” faliain, glan, agus beatha as iir fhaotainn. Ach cha leig geimhlean na bochduinne leotha. Ma A rithist thoir fainear mar a sgriobh Niall gheibh iad tiota de fhois an uaigneas, saoil an Macleoid, an bard Sgitheanach, an “ Clarsach tig samhehair na duthcha a stigh orra an an Doire.” Gabh “ An gleann s’ an robh mi 6g,” coimeas ri straighlich a’ bhaile-mbbr1? Is e is gach sreadh a chuir e sios mu “ na laraichean mo bheachd gu’n tig, ged tha fios aca nach oil lorn.” Gheibh thu an ionndrain anns an b dbigh air a’ chilis atharrachadh. Mar as trice sreath seo : — bidh an ionndrain ag ealadh am measg smuain- “ 0 nach robh agam bothan beag tean eile. Cha ghabh an ionndrain fhuadach a An so ri taobh no traigh’.” broileach a’ Ghaidheil ce bith c’ aite an tuinich e, no oe bith a chor an sin. Tha e fuaighte ris ; Gheibh thu ionndrain a’ Ghaidheil an tir chein’ tha a’ ghne seo ’na inneach is ’na. dhliith. ann an “Clarsach na Coille” (Maclean Sinclair). Taomaidh i a mach ’na lan neart an uair a dh’ fhagas e a. dhiithaich gu tirean ceine. Gun Mar a thuirt mi cheana, ’se barail dhaoine teagamh tha an aon fheart fuaighte ri Albanaich gur ann ris an aois as trice a tha, cnuasachd an air fad, ach tha e na’s doimhne anns a’ Ghaid- ceangal. Is cinnteach gu bheil sin fior mu’n 98 AN DEO-GREINE. dream a rainig ire nan ciabhagan tana, Hatha. duine geur inntinneach—sar sgoileir cuideachd Ach tha an toilinntinn fein acasan ’nan doigh —a bhios ’ga chluich fein le bhi ag amharc anns fein. Ma smaoinicheas tu air a’ chuspair, chi a’ ghriosaich air a’ mhodh seo. Shaoil leis gu thu gliocas Nadur aims an atharrach a bheir ’m fac e o chionn ghoirid iomhaigh companaich tim air miann is cor inntinn an duine. Na ’n ’oige nach maireann cho riochdail is gu ’n d’ robh nithean air a chaochladh, bu truagh sinn— fhairich e nadur de fhiamh a tighinn air. Is e diiil na h-6ige an colainn bhreoite! Faodaidh a sin a dhuisgeas an cnuasachadh. Air feasgar neach air nach ’eil a chor saoghalta a ’cur moran air choreigin, eadai-da-sholus duin do shiiilean, dragha ’na shean aois, srian a leigeil le tamh air seilbh a ghabhail air gach ni mu ’n mheanmna, agus toilinntinn a ghabhail aim a cuairt. Leig le do mheaumna ruith mar a bhi a’ meorachadh mu rudan faoine, no bhi a’ thogras e. Aig deireadh do sgeoil, sgioblaich dealbhachadh rudan a mheasas each faoin. Ach na chunnaic thu ’na t’ inntinn, is na thainig ’nad’ na ’n rachadh againn eadhon smuaintean faoine chuimhne le bhi a’ gabhail sgriob air ais gu a ruagadh as an inntinn gu tur, ged is math, tha amaiman a dli’ fhalbh. Mebraich car tiota, fios againn nach ’eil ami ach faoineas gun agus tha mi air mo mhealladh mur faigh thu chron do neach ’sam bith, ciod a bhiodh an sin roinn mhath de thoileachas. Ma bha, an ach ruagadh a chur air nithean neo-chiontach a soirbheas ’nad fhabhar re a chuid a bu mho de dh’ fhaodadh nadur de thoileachadh a tharraing do thurus, cha ’n aobhar gearain e ro mhor ged ’na liiib re na h-uarach. Tha ’n dual seo thachair fairge riut air nach robh do dhiiil o fuaighte ri nadur an duine. Tha an aois an bhogha no dha. Faoineas aims a chuid as mo cbmhnuidh deidheil air tamh is samhehair an a sgriobh thu, ars’ thusa. Gun teagamh a deidh na h-iipraid a chaidh seachad. Is docha cliaraid am bcachd nam feadhnach aig a bheil naeh tuig an oige na. tha fillte ’san t-suidheach- inntinn bliaoghalta, ach ciod is bun do’n adh gus an ruig iad an ire anns a feum iad an fhaoineis nach d’ fhairich thusa fhathast? aite a ghabhail an gnothaichean na beatlia^sa Tha inntinn mhic an duine cho miorbhuileach mar a gliabh an fheadhainn a thainig rompa. ’na doigh, is gu’n gabh i cothrom air Cha ’n ’eil mi ag iarraidh orra a thuigsinn. Cha rudan faoine a chum a bhi gu ar taladh gu bu mhath leam gu’n tuigeadh. Fanadh iadsan mothachadh a ghabhail air nithean as airde. ann an saoghal grianach an ama fein, oir thig Leis an taladh seo thig spiorad a’ chnuasachaidh an dubhar tarsuing air an iarmailt acasan trath an uachdar an tiota, agus tha srian ar meanmna gu leor, agus cha bu mhath leinn gu’n tigeadh lasaichte. An uair a theid ise fa sgaoil, is e roimh ’n am. Thig am a chnua.sachaidh iomadh rud a thig fa ar comhair, gu h-araidh euideachd an deidh laithean anns an robh iad nithean a threig, is a bha, ’n impis dol a cuimhne. air bhoil a chum saibhreas a charnadh suas. Tha na nithean sin a’ dol an altaibh a cheile air a leithid a, dhoigh’s gu saoil thu gur h-ann a tha thu 6g a rithist. Ann an seadh tha thu sin. Leig dhomh a nis facal no dha a chur sios mu Cha ’n fhaoineas seo do neach aig a bheil spiorad chnuasachadh de shehrsa eile. Math fhaoidte’ breithneachail. Tha an tiir fein aig buadhan gu’n can thu nach eil seo ach an dearg amadan- na h-inntinn, na’n cnuasaicheamaid air na tha achd. An do shuidh thu riamh ’nad chathair fillte annta. B’ fhearr leam fhin gu m6r a bhi mu choinneamh a’ ghealbhain, do phiob ’nad an companas nan taibhsearan na bhi am measg phluic ; do chuarain-sebmair air do cha,san, gun luchd na h-oclianaich air nach faic thu fiamh duine a’ cur dragh ort, do. shiiil air a’ ghriosaich, gaire ach ro ainmig. Coma leam de luchd-an- binntinn loma lan leis na thainig ad char—math aodainn-fhada. Ma thuiteas gu’n dean iad seo is dona—anns na laithean a threig, do gaire sinidh an aodainn mar gu’m biodh iad mheanmna, air ghleus, is faobhair orra, is na diombach orra fein gu’n d’ thainig a leithid a nithean a, chaidh as cho riochdail dhut’s gu’m laigse ri gaire orra. b’ ann an de a thachair iad 1 Is iomadh cruth neonach a bines mise a’ faicinn anns a An uair a bha. mise fada na b’ bige na, tha mi, ghriosaich. Is iomadh smuain a chruthaicheas is mi a cleasachd maille ri cloinn eile a’ ruidh- m’ inntinn ’gan amharc. Is coma leam co leadh car air char sios nam bruthaichean, bhiodh dhiiibh tha bun no barr aca, no an cord iad ri cuid de na daoine matha (?) ag radh gu robh mo chairdean no nach cord. Tha mi air fas sinn cho gbrach ris na h-ebin. Na h-ebin cho feineil’s gur e an rud as taitniche leam fein gbrach! Is iadsan nach eil. Is e an fheadh- as fearr leam, ged bhiodh dara leth an t-saoghail ainn a tha ag radh gu bheil a tha, gbrach. Tha ’nam aghaidh. Nach muladach an staid sin, mi fhin gle dheigheil a bhi an cuideachd nan deir thusa. Mo thogair. Am fear nach eun air maduinn Samhraidh no air feasgar ciiiin, aontaich cha ’n ’eil aig ach a rathad fein a is mi ’nam shlaod air an fheur ri taobh coille a ghabhail, is mise fhagail ’nam chuil fein a,’ tha faisg orm. Cha. ghabhainn orm feachainn faicinn iomhaighean lira. Is aithne dhomhsa ri binneas a chiiiil a chur an ceill. An cualas AN DEO-GREINE. concert riaiuh a bheirmdh barr air Saoilidli Robertson, Fearn; and also the representatives mi gu’n tuig mi pongan an smeoraich, an Ion of the Northern Educational Authorities of the duibh is na h-uiseig©. Tha iad cho coltach ri Provincial Council. fuaim fliaclan Gaidhlig. Faoineas a rithist, At the second meeting, a letter was sub- deir na daoine glice. Ma ’s e, leig leannsa a mitted from Dr. George Smith, Director of bln gbrach fad an t-siubhail. Fag mi an uchd Studies, Aberdeen, stating that the Provincial mo mhathar, Nadur. Cha mheall ise neach a Council had resolved to recommend to the bhios an comh-chomunn rithe. Thugadh Department a vacation class in Gaelic should daoine glice an aire nach iad fein as faoine na be held at Inverness or Aberdeen, on the usual eadhon an fheadhainn a chi taibhsean anns a’ conditions for- the holding of such classes. The ghriosaich, no a shaoileas gu’m bi an lon-dubh Committee resolved that the course should be a’ seinn an Gaidhlig! held at Inverness in August. In regard to the proposed vacation course in Glasgow during the same period, it was reported that Mrs. Burnley Campbell of EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. Ormidale had interviewed Mr. Hugh A meeting of the Executive Council was held MacCallum, Director of Studies of the in the Palace Hotel, Edinburgh, on Saturday, Glasgow Provincial Training Centre, and that 6th March. There were present: —Rev. T. S. he was ready to arrange vacation classes in MacPherson, Glasgow; Rev. M. N. Munro, Glasgow for teachers. It was ascertained that M.A., Taynuilt; Rev. John MacLachlan, Loch- 65 teachers from Argyllshire had intimated carron ; Professor and Mrs. Watson, Edinburgh ; their willingness to attend these classes. Major Iain P. Grant, Yr., of Rothiemurchus; It was agreed to leave it to Mr. MacCallum Miss Campbell of Invemeill; Mrs. Reyburn, to select the teachers who should conduct these Ballachulish ; Mr. Chas. M. MacRae, Clan classes in Gaelic. MacRae Society; Mrs. J. R. Colquhoun, Glas- The Convener submitted correspondence with gow ; Neil M. MacLeod, Glasgow; Mr. Alex. Professor Watson in reference to the- map of Fraser, Whiteinch ; Dr. Calder, Glasgow ; Mr. Scotland with Gaelic place-names, and it was R. A. Mathieson, Dundee; Robert Macfarlane, agreed to secure lists of the Gaelic place-names C.A., Treasurer; and Neil Shaw, Secretary. for each Highland county and to submit these Apologies for absence were intimated from to Professor Watson for approval. The Secre- several members of Council. tary was directed to communicate with the The President, Rev. G. W. Mackay, M.A., various Highland Education Authorities in order attended meetings of Standing Committees the to ascertain the number of maps with Gaelic previous evening, but had to return to Killin place-names they would be willing to place in with an early train to officiate at a funeral. On the schools within their respective areas. the motion of Mrs. Watson the Rev. T. S. In moving the adoption of the Education MacPherson was appointed chairman of the Committee minute, Dr. Watson paid a very high meeting. The minute of previous meeting was tribute to Mr. H. F. Campbell for his work as read, agreed to, and signed by the chairman. Convener of the Committee. FINANCE. PUBLICATION. Mr. Alex. Fraser, Vice-Convener, moved the The minute of Publication Committee con- adoption of the minute of Finance Committee tained-reports of two sub-committees appointed meeting, and made reference to the remits from to consider (a) Dr. Watson’s suggestions with a the previous meeting of Council. The minute view to increasing the interest and usefulness of the magazine, and (b) the publication of Dr. was adopted. Calder’s Grammar. It was recommended that EDUCATION. effect be given to Dr. Watson’s suggestions as A minute of the Education Committee’s far as financial and other considerations permit. meeting was read. This had reference to the Special importance was attached to the pro- vacation courses which are being arranged for posal to revert to the sketch, illustrated with Gaelic-speaking teachers. It was agreed to portrait, of prominent men in the movement, co-opt as members of the Committee the and the recommendation was made that these Executive Officers of Caithness, Sutherland, should re-appear with the commencement of the Ross and Inverness, also Mr. Alex. Mac- volume 1920-21. The sub-committee is con- Donald, Inverness; ex-Provost MacRae, Naim ; tinued with power to carry out the suggestions Treasurer Campbell, Dornoch; Rev. Professor as far as practicable. In regard to the publica- John Macleod, Inverness ; Rev. A. Macfarlane, tion of Dr. Calder’s Grammar, it was reported Lochend; Rev. D. Beatqn, Wick; Rev. C. that portions of the MS. had previously been 100 AN DEO-GREINE. submitted to the members of the sub-committee In the discussion which ensued, Professor and that, after discussion, it was agreed to Watson mentioned that Professor Granville recommend that the sub-committee be con- Bantock, who adjudicated at the Edinburgh tinued to confer further with Dr. Calder; to Mod, was to receive the degree of LL.D. from ascertain the probable cost of the publication, Edinburgh University, which, in all proba- and to recommend generally that a grant, in aid bility was due to the interest he took in Gaelic of the cost be made. The report was approved song, and he moved that he be officially con- and the sub-committee continued. gratulated. This was unanimously agreed Estimates for a re-print of Reid’s Elementary to. Course were submitted, and that of Messrs. On the motion of the Chairman, it was Jamieson & Munro, Ltd., Stirling, was accepted. decided to express to the widow of ex-Provost The Committee recommended that Mr. Norman A. Younger Mackay, Grangemouth, their sym- MacLeod, M.A., be invited to make any neces- pathy and their sense of the loss sustained to sary revision. The price of the new edition the Gaelic cause by his death. The late Mr was fixed at Is 6d per copy. It was agreed Mackay was a life member of An Comunn, and to re-print 10,000 copies of selected extracts one of the Feill Fund Trustees. He was also from Principal MacAllister’s pamphlet on the a very prominent member of the Clan Mackay. teaching of Gaelic. Rev. M. N. Munro gave notice of the follow- PROPAGANDA. ing motion : —“ That in future, meetings of It was pointed out that a full report of the Executive Council need not necessarily be held tour of the President and Secretary in Easier on Saturday.” Ross and East Sutherland was published in the The next meeting of Council will be held in March number of “ An Deo Greine,” and that Perth on Saturday, 8th May. arrangements had been made for a further tour Professor Watson proposed a vote of thanks embracing LochaLer, Fort-Augustus, Irct to the Chairman in Gaelic, which was heartily Ness-side and the . 'trathspey district. responded to. Major Grant, yr. of Rothiemurchus, moved the adoption of the minute, and in seconding Mrs. Watson paid a tribute to the work per- PROPAGANDA CAMPAIGN. formed by the President and the Secretary. Secretary’s Tour. She thought that special attention should be The President, Rev. G. W. Mackay, M.A., and directed in this connection to Skye and the Mr. Neil Shaw, Secretary, began their second Outer Isles. tour at Fort-William on Monday, 8th March. ART AND INDUSTRY. The local branch arranged a Ceilidh in the The report from the sub-committee Masonic Halls to meet the Comunn officials, and appointed to secure premises in Glasgow was there was a crowded attendance, fully 250 people read. It recommended to the Committee to being present, Mr. Alex. Campbell, first Secre- consider thoroughly the proposal of starting a tary of the Branch, was in the chair, and in a shop in Glasgow. The question of securing felicitous Gaelic speech introduced Mr. Mackay premises in the city is a very difficult one, and and Mr. Shaw. Both of these gentlemen were the sub-committee thought the present time given a rousing reception, and their addresses inopportune. The report was accepted. listened to attentively. Mr. Mackay spoke in It was agreed to re-stock Mr. R\ G. Lawrie’s Gaelic and English, but Mr. Shaw confined his depot with tweed and yarn, and the Convener address entirely to Gaelic. Short Gaelic (Mrs. Reybum) and Mr. Archd. Stewart were addresses were also given by Rev. R. B. delegated to see Mr Lawrie and make arrange- Crawford, Kilmallie; Rev. John MacDougall, ments with him. Miss Campbell of Succoth Duncansburgh; and Rev. Archd. Dawson, U.F. was appointed Vice-Convener of the Committee. Manse, Fort-William. The speeches were inter- MOD AND MUSIC. spersed with Gaelic songs, finely rendered by The Convener, Rev. M. N. Munro, read the Miss Katie F. Grant (Poolewe), Mod silver minute of a meeting of the Mod and Music medallist; Mr. Neil Shaw; and original songs Committee. It was reported that Mrs Stewart, by Mr. Alex. MacMaster, the local bard. Mr. Simla, had given a sum of £20 as prize money MacIntyre,, an old member of the branch, made for several competitions. These will be added a neat little Gaelic speech in proposing a vote to the syllabus, which will appear in its final of thanks to the President and Secretary, both form in May. The Convener reported that all of whom acknowledged the compliment. the music was now ready for printing off, and The Lochaber Branch owes much of its that choir secretaries and intending competitors success to Miss Juliiet Macdonald, Cuil a’ bhaile, could be supplied shortly. who is untiring in her efforts on behalf of the AN DEO-GREINE. 101 Gaelic movement. A severe cold prevented of the Gaelic Class was arranged to meet the Miss Macdonald from attending the ceilidh, Comunn officials in the Glen Mor Hotel. This which was acclaimed the most successful ever class has been meeting weekly during the win- held under the auspices of the branch. ter months, and is conducted by the Rev. Cyril The Rev. John MacDougall is conducting a Dieckhoff, The Abbey. Father Cyril is a Gaelic Class which is well attended. Russian, and acquired Gaelic in the West High- Mr. Mackay was the guest of Rev. and Mrs. lands, and speaks it quite fluently, being able to John Macdougall, The Manse, and Mr. Shaw was converse with ease on any subject. The class the guest of Mr. and Mrs. Stewart, Palace is attended by about 20 of the most influential Hotel. people in the town, who are making splendid An interesting visit was paid to the Diamond progress with the language. There is a learners’ Cutting Factory on Tuesday forenoon, the Pre- class and an advanced class for Gaelic sident and Secretary being accompanied by Rev. speakers. Mr. Andrew Mackintosh was Mr Macdougall. All the men employed are dis- appointed chairman of the special meeting, and abled Highland soldiers. The manager Mr. Mackay, Mr. Shaw, and Mr. John N. courteously explained the various processes, and Macleod each spoke in Gaelic and English, and specimens of the work were shown. had a most interested audience. Gaelic songs A meeting was held early on Tuesday even- were sung by Miss Campbell, a member of the ing in the Hall, Roy Bridge, over which Canon class, and by Mr. Shaw and Mr. MacLeod. MacDougall presided. In addition to addresses The officials were much impressed by the by the President and Secretary, Mpnsignor enthusiasm of the members, and by the manner Mackintosh, Fort-William ; Father MacMillan, in which Father Cyril conducts the class. Glenfinnan ; and the Chairman spoke at some A visit to the Abbey was arranged, and length in Gaelic, and emphasised the necessity Father Cyril conducted the President and Secre- of preserving the ancient tongue. The number tary through the building, pointing out some who attended was not large, but it is hoped that interesting relics in the museum, notably the a branch will be formed next autumn. Gaelic canoe recently discovered by Mr. Hugh A. songs were sung by Father MacMillan and Mr. Fraser on Loch an Eilein, Strathpeffer. Tile Shaw. There is no one more enthusiastic than library, containing volumes of ancient date, Father MacMillan in the Gaelic cause, and his was especially interesting. rendering of Gaelic song is most inspiring. Mr. On Thursday the President and Secretary, Mackay moved a vote of thanks to Canon accompanied by Mr John N. Macleod, motored MacDougall for convening the meeting, and for up Loch Ness-side. At Invermoriston the party the courteous manner in which he acknowledged called on Rev. Archd. MacNeill, parish minister, his correspondence. and arrangements were made to form a branch On the same evening a meeting was held in there early next session. Towards this Mr. the Railway Station Waiting Room, Spean Alister MacDonald, Inverness, a native of Glen- Bridge. There were about 50 people present, moriston, will give his personal support and presided over by Rev. J. Walker MacIntyre, influence. The Rev. Mr. MacDougall, of the Kilmonivaig. Gaelic is largely spoken in the Free Church, is at present in Canada. district, and only a few present were unable to The next halt was at Drumnadrochit, and the follow a Gaelic address. Mr. Mackay spoke in party were hospitably entertained by Rev. and English, and Mr Shaw in Gaelic. Mr. Mrs. Roderick Mackenzie, The Manse. It is MacIntyre made an ideal chairman, and, in hoped that something may be done in the Great his presence, one’s thoughts were always on Glen in the.near future to stimulate interest in Duncan Ban. Mr. MacIntyre’s father, who was the language. also minister of Kilmonivaig, met Duncan Ban Mr. Mackay and Mr. Shaw parted company and Mairi Bhan Og in Fort-William, and sub- with Mr. MacLeod at Temple Pier and pro- scribed for two copies of the great poet’s works. ceeded to Abriachan. The Rev. A. M. Mac- A splendid branch was formed and office- farlane, U.F. Manse, Lochend, arranged a bearers appointed. Gaelic songs were there- meeting at Abriachan, and a fine company after sung by several of the new members and assembled in the Schoolhouse. Mr. Macfarlane by Mr. Shaw. presided, and made an excellent speech in intro- On Wednesday Mr. Mackay and Mr. Shaw ducing the Comunn officials, both of whom proceeded to Fort-Augustus and were met at addressed the meeting at some length in Gaelic the station by Mr. Andrew Mackintosh, late of and English. The audience was most enthusi- Inverness, and Mr. Wm. Campbell, who was astic, and a strong branch was fonned. Mr. piper to the late Queen Victoria and the late Neill, headmaster, though non-Gaelic speaking, King Edward. They were later joined by Mr: ■ >is very sympathetic, and is teaching Gaelic songs John N. MacLeod, Errogie. A special meeting tm the children, most of whom are Gaelic 102 AN DEO-GREINE. -speaking. He is ably assisted by the Misses parish minister, who also presided. The Macfarlane, nieces of the chairman, both of attendance was small but representative, and whom are Gaelic speakers. The singing by the after addresses in Gaelic and English by the children of two English songs in harmony was a officials, a branch was formed. Several of those feature of the meeting. No arrangement had present spoke in support of the movement, and been made previously, and the best Gaelic songs were sung by Mrs. Macpherson and Mi-. singers were not forward at such a late hour. Shaw. The Rev. Mr. Mackenzie, U.F. Manse, Copies of the Junior Mod Music are being sent was also present, and although not a Gaelic to Mr. Neill, and we predict a feast of Gaelic speaker promised his support. song for the next visitors to Abriachan. After On Tuesday evening a well-attended meeting the meeting Mr. and Mrs. Neill entertained the was held in the Parish Church Hall, Kingussie, chairman and officials to supper. the Rev. Dugald Macfarlane presiding. The The journey was continued to Inverness, and Rev. Mr Mackay spoke very eloquently, and was from there the President and Secretary travelled listened to attentively, his pointed remarks on Friday to Beauly, calling on the Rev. Murdo being frequently applauded. Mr. Shaw was Murray, U.F. Manse. The singing class pro- loudly applauded for his Gaelic address, and, posed on the previous visit has been inaugurated speaking in English, gave a lucid description of and practices well attended. Mr. Kenneth the work of the Standing Committee. Ex- Mackenzie is music master, and the Rev. Mr. Provost Mackintosh, ex-Provost MacDonald, Mr. Murray Gaelic reader. John Campbell (editor, “ Badenoch Record ”) A visit was paid to Kiltarlity. Previous to and others spoke, and a branch was formed with the outbreak of war a branch flourished in the office-bearers and a large representative com- parish with the Rev. Archd. MacDonald as mittee. The meeting closed with the singing of President, and Mr. Roderick MacRae, Head- “ Suas leis a’ Ghaidhlig.” master, Culbumie, as Secretary. It was not The President and Secretary returned on Wed- possible to meet during the great war, and hopes nesday to Inverness and attended a meeting in are entertained of resuscitating the branch at an the Waverley Hotel—Dr. William Mackay in early date. Mr. Mackay and Mr. Shaw had the chair. The Chairman, in introducing the pleasant interviews with the Rev. Archd. speakers, said neither Mr. Mackay nor Mr. Shaw MacDonald, parish minister, and Rev. Roderick were strangers to Inverness, and they were very MacCowan, Free Church Manse. The Rev. Mr. pleased to have them with them that evening. Gillies, U.F. Manse, was assisting at communion Dr. Mackay made sympathetic reference to the in Stratherrick. The President and Secretary death of Miss Kate Fraser, who was many years were hospitably entertained at both manses, and Secretary of the branch, and in the interests of found the clergy unanimous in their support of which she was untiring in her endeavours to the teaching of Gaelic. make it the success it was. Mr. Rod. The week-end was spent in Inverness, and a MacErlich, Colonel Beaton, and Mr. Alister most congenial friend was found in Mr D. J. MacDonald spoke, and thereafter office-bearers MacLeod, H.M.I.S., who was staying in the same were appointed. Dr. Mackay is Hon. Presi- hotel. Mr. MacLeod, as all Comunn members dent, and Mr. Alister MacDonald President and know, is a competent Gaelic scholar and Mod representative to the Executive Council. Mr. prize winner. His company was very much John Mackintosh agreed to continue as enjoyed. Mr. Murdo Murray, Headmaster, Treasurer for this session. Mr. Roderick Foyers, was also met. Readers will remember Macleod was appointed Musical Organiser, and his contributions to this magazine from France, a Gaelic Choir under the auspices of the branch notably “ Luach na Saorsa.” is to be formed. Several prominent Comunn members were The President and Secretary were received visited and a meeting to resuscitate the branch at all the places visited with the utmost arranged for. On Sunday the President, Secre- courtesy, and a return visit would be looked tary, and Mr. MacLeod attended the Gaelic forward to with keen pleasure. They are more service in the Free North Church. Professor than satisfied with the results achieved, and John MacLeod, who is widely known as an they confidently believe that An Comunn is now eloquent Gaelic preacher, officiated and preached firmly established in these places, and only in choice Gaelic from the Book of Job. There requires an occasional visit to encourage the was a fairly large congregation, mostly elderly local-wojkers in their endeavours on behalf of people. the par)it Association. On Monday Mr. Mackay and Mr. Shaw travelled to Aviemore, and in the evening NEW BRANCHES. attended a meeting in the Parish Church Hall, Spean Bridge.—Office-bearers: —President, Kincraig, convened by the Rev. D. MacLean, Rev. J. Walker MacIntyre ] vice-presidents, Mr, AN DEO-GREINE. 103 D. Cameron and Mr D. Macdonald; secretary, dheanamh a chum a dheagh ainm a spuinneadh Mr John MacDougall, The Sclioolhouse; treas., agus a mliasladh mar an ceudna. Ach tha Mr P. Macfarlane; committee, Miss Morag Mac- ciiisean a nis air tharracliadh doigh; tha iad Kenzie, Mrs Wm. MacKenzie, Mrs MacDougall, na’s fearr agus na’s cothromaiche ’n ar linn fein Messrs. Donald MacPhie, John MacDonald, na bha iad aims na laithean trioblaideach a Wm. MacKenzie, and Donald MacDonald chaidh seachad. Agus ged nach d’ fhuaraich Abkiachan. — Office-bearers : — President, gu h-iomlan teas an naimhdeis a bhrosnachadh Rev. A. M. Macfarlane, U.F. Manse ; vice pre- mar sin aim an cridhe a’ Ghaidheil, tha sidents, Mr Thomas MacDonald and Mr Donald tuilleadh de spiorad na sithe aims an tir, agus MacDonald ; secretary, Mr1 Neill, The School- a dh’ aindeoin gach tuairisgeul mill teach agus house ; treasurer, Miss Macfarlane; committee mealltach a cliaidh chamadh air, ghiulain an —Mrs Fraser, Mrs D. Fraser, Mrs Finlay, Gaidheal e fein aims an am a chaidh seachad Messrs. K. Fraser, Wm Fraser, and J. Mac- gu treibhdhireach, neo-luasgarrach agus seasinh- Donald. ach, agus mar sin choisinn e dha fhein cliii Kinckaig.—Office-bearers:—President, Rev. agus urram. Tha Gaidheal na linn so a’ D. Mac Lean; vice-presidents, Rev. A. Mac- faotainn an tuilleadh cothruim, agus a’ sealbh- Kenzie and Mr John MacBean; secretary, Miss acliadh choraichean a blia aig aon am air an Grant, Ossian Villa; treasurer, Miss Patricji; aicheadh dha. Anns na. linntean a dh’ fhalbh committee — Miss MacAuslan, Mrs MacPher- cha robh suidheachadh no staid a’ Ghaidheil son, Mrs MacLean, Mrs MacKenzie, Captain idir tea.minte no seasmhach, agus ami an tain MacDonald, Messrs. Mackintosh, Macpher- laithean sithcheil an la diugh tha sinn ealamh son, Gow, Bell, Mackenzie, Sam Macpherson. iomadh uair a bin toirt breith chearr air Kingussie. — Office - bearers: — President, gniomhaii ar n-athraichean. Rev. D. Macfarlane; vice-presidents, ex-Pro- Is beag a tha. fios agaimie air na deuchainn- vost MacKintosh and ex-Provost MacDonald ; ean, na buairidhean agus na. trioblaidean secretary, Mrs MacNaughton, “Dumnore”; troimh ’n d’ thainig ar sinnsearan aims na treasurer, Mr John Campbell; committee'— laithean buaireasach sin, ’nuair a bha gach ni Mrs Col. J. Campbell, Mrs John Campbell, Miss air a dhiou, clia b’ ami le lagliannan ceart agus Jessie Mackintosh, Mrs Macpherson, Col. John cothromach mar a tha againn a nis, ach leis an Campbell, and Captain MacDonald; Messrs. laimh laidir agus le faobhar a’ chlaidheimh. Finlay MacLeod, and Alex. Munro. Choisimi ar n-athraichean dhaibh fein cliu Inverness. — Branch re-formed. — Office- air muir’s air tir, agus le fuil an cridhe choisinn bearers:—Hon. President, Dr. Wm. MacKay ; iad dhuimie an t-saorsa agus an tearuinteachd president, Mr Alister MacDonald; vice-presi- sin a tha siiin a sealbhacliadli air an la diugh. dents, Col. Beaton, Mr M. MacKenzie, and Mr Is iomadh oath cruaidh agus fuilteach a chur Roderick MacLeod; secretary, Captain W. J. iad, a chum iad fein, an teagldaichean, am Shaw, Central School; treasurer, John Mackin- fearanu, agus an cuid a dhion o na spiiinn- tosh, Queensgate; representative to Executive eadairean Tuathach, Roimheach, Greugach agus Sasunnacli. Bha na Gaidheil uair fodha Council, Mr Alister MacDonald. A large and agus uair air uachdar, ach riamh cha do representative committee. striochd iad do chumhachd an naimhdean. Le gaisgealachd, le treubhantas agus le diiseachd do an ceannardan shaor iad iad-fein, uair an DIASAN GAIDHEALACH—SEAN AGUS deidh uair, o chuing a’ choigrich, agus ged a dh’ fhaodadh buidheann dhiubh an sud agus an NUADM. so a bhi ’cur a mach air a cbeile, agus a’ cath an aghaidh a cheile, gidheadh, an aghaidh an Cha b’ fhbglmadh le naimhdean a’ Ghaidheil nanihid choitchionn bha iad dileas d’a cheile a chuid a chreacliadh agus a spuinneadli, cha. agus aontachail mar aon duine. Bha coirichean b’ fhoghnadh leo ’fhearann a thoirt bhuaithe aca r’ an dion, agus gu gaisgeil an aghaidh agus a thoirt do na coigrich, cha b’ fhbgnadli chumhachdan naimlideil, sheas iad a suas a leo fharadaich a ohur bun os ceami, agus chum’s nach bitheadh na coraichean sin air an e fein ’s a theaghlach a chur ruisgte toirt uapa. ris nai monaidhean — cha b’ fhoghnadh Fa.odar a radii le firinn, nach do chuir, leo oidheirp a thoirt gu glas-bheoil eadhon Cumhachd na Roimh—an Cumhachd a chur air a chum ’s nach bruidhneadh e a sin a cheannsaich ach beag an saoghal—riamh chanain fhein, cha b’ fhoghnadh leo feuchainn cas njar bhuadhaiche air tir a’ Ghaidheil. ri eideadh a shracadh bharr a dhroma, cha b’ Riamh cha do sgaoil an lolair Roimheach a fhoghnadh leo a shaorsa, a thoirt bhuaithe air sgiathan thar “ Tir nam Beann, nan Gleann, 's gach dbigh, ach b’ fheudar oidheirp laidir a nan Gaisgeach.” Is math a tha fios aig an t- 104 AN DEO-GREtNE. saoghal an aimnealachd, air morachd ’s air An deigh dhoinli duilleag no dha a leughadh, cliii na Roimhe’s ua Greige ann an cumhachd dh-iarr mi air an Aosda beagan soilleireachaidh agus aim an ©olas-iomisaohaidh. Is mo.r an a thoirt dhomh mu ’n id a leugh mi. Fhreagair solus a thilg an da chumhachd sin air an t- e air a’ mhodh so:—“ Ainmeil ’s mar blia ’n saoghal, agus feumar aideachadh gu ’n robh Roimh agus a’ Ghreig aim an treubhantas iad ’n am nieadlionan air moran maith do ’n t- airm, ann am foghlum, agus ann an eblas de saoglial; ach feumar, mar an ceudna ’chuimh- gach seorsa, thainig morachd nan Cumhachdan neacliadh gu ’n robh meadhohan eile—meadh- sin gu crich—le ’n uabliar’s le ’m feinealachd onan a bha air am meas gle shuarach le cuid— fhein thuit iad gu lar, agus cha ’n ’eil a ids a ag oibreacliadb a chum na cliche ceudna; agus lathair ach bloighdean an sud agus an so mar bha na ineadhonan sin r’ am faotainn ’n ar chuimhneachain air am morachd. Mu leth- dachaidh ’s ’n ar diithaich fein. Anns na chiad bliadhua roimh theachd Chriosda, thug laithean a dh’ fhalbh, agus eadhon ’n ar la’s ’n an Roimheach, a’ cheud ionnsuidh air Breatann. ar linn fein, mheasadh na Gaidheil mar dhaoine “ Re corr is ceithear chiad bliadhna ghleidh borba, aineolach, le muinntir a bha aineolach e a chumhachd ’s an eilean sin—a’ toirt a air an canain, an eachdfaidh agus an cleachdan. steach am measg an Lsluaigh Bhreatunnaich Bha e ’na thilgeadh suas air na Gaidheil gu’n d’ a chanain, a laghannan, a, riagliailtean agus a thug iad fuath do fhoghlum agus do chleachdan. Ach eadar an ceathramh ’s an litireachas; ach faiceamaid, ars’ an t-Aosda, coigeamh ciad bliadhna, thainig atharrachadh co-dhiii tha flrinn no ceartas air taobh na mor air cumhachd na Roimhe ; cliunnaic i airde muinntir sin a bha agus a tha’ camadh di-meis a morachd agus a nis tha, i ’dol gu luath le air a’ Ghaidheal agus air a’ Chanain—Ohuir mo leathad.” charaid—an t-Aosda—ann am laimh leabhar “ Cuir,” ars’ an t-Aosda, “ do shiiil ris a’ anns an robh moran sheorsaichean sgriobhaidh ghloinne so aon uair eile agus innis dhomh —Gaidhlig, Laidionn, Greugak agus Eabhra. ciod a tha thu a’ faicinn.” Air dhomh an Leugh mi anns an leabhar sin, ann am gloinne fada, caol a chur ri m’ shuil chunnaic chanain fhein, mar tha eachdraidh ag innseadh, mi meall thall ’s a bhos de gach seorsa, inneil- an deidh cumhachd agus morachd na Roimhe ’« cogaidh. Briste ’nam bloighdean bha claidh- na Greige seargadh air falbh, gu ’in b’e Gaidheil eamh ’us lann, clogad ’us sgiath—" Sin,” ars’ na h-Eireann ’s na h-Alba na, ceud fineachan an trAosda, “ na, tha lathair an diugh de chumh- aims an Roirm Eorpa a thbisich air foghlum achd, airm na Roimhe—sin laraichean mor- litireachais. ’Nuair a bha na Germailtich, na chumhachd na Roimhe aims an Airde ’n lar.” Lochlannaich agus treubhan eile ’n an spiiinn- ' Ach, ciod an comh-cheangal a tha eadar sin eadairean’s ’n an seabhadairean a’ mort agus a’ agus na Gaidheil 1 ” dh’ fheoraich mi. Fhreag- milleadh air inuir ’s air tir, bha aig (laid! mil na air e mar so, “ Le tuitean Cumhachd na Roimhe h-Eireann’s na h-Alba, tigheamfoghluim far an chailleadh moran foghluim agus litireachais a robh luchd-teagaisg ’g an deasachadh fein agus bha fiachail. Aig an am sin, agus re liiintean a’ teagasg muinntir eile ami an litireachas na an deidh sin, bha ’n Roinn-Eorpa gu mor aim Gaidhlig agus aims a’ Chreidimh Chriosduidh. an dorchadas agus an aineolas ; ach air laraich- Leugh mi mar tha sean sgriobhaidhean a ean mor-rioghachd na Roimhe thoisich 1 at hair a tha toirt dearbh-chinnte dhuinn gu’m togailean eile ann an Airde ’n lar na, h-Eorpa ri b’e Albainn agus Eirinn a chuir a mach na ceud bhi air an cur suas leis na Finneaclian borba, teachdairean a chum foghlum agus an creidimh mar thubhairteadh riu leis na Roimhach. So Criosduidh a’ sgaoileadh a mach air feadh agad a, nis an Comh-CheangaJ:—B’ iad Gaidbeil Shasuinn agus na Roinn Eorpa. na h-Eireann agus na h-Alba a thilg an ceud Leugh mi, mar an ceudna, mar bha cumh- duilsean soluis air an dorchadas agus air an achd mor na Roimhe, le ’n armailtean lionmhor aineolas leis an robh an Roinn-Eorpa air a h- ’s le ’n ceannardan treuna a’ ceannsachadh agus iadhadh m’ an cuairt bho chrich gu crich. B’e a’ toirt leir-sgrios air na duthchan troimh ’n Eirinn agus Albainn a chuir a mach na ceud robh iad a’ siubhal; mar thug iad a stigh an teachdairean a chum solus, foghlum agus an cleachdan agus an doigh-riaghlaidh fein : mar Creidimh Criosduidh a sgaoileadh air feadh fad thug iad ionnsuidh an deigh ionnsuidh air na agus farsuingeachd nan tir. B’ iad sin na Fineachan Gaidhealach; mar bha, an t-arin lochrain a chaidh a’ lasadh — cuid dhiubh ’an Roimheach a rithisd agus a rithisd air a Albainn, cuid eile ’an Eirinn—agus ged nach sgapadh’s air a hhristeadh a suas mar chathadh- robh an solus aig an am sin ach fann, cha b’ inara. air creagan dealgach a’ chladaich. Leugh fliada gus an do bhoillsg e a mach mar ghathan mi mu sheoltachd, mu ealantachd, mu gjiliocas dearrsach na greine a’ sgaoileadh soluis agus agus mu eolas-1 itireachiiil nan Greugach ; mu eblais air feadh na tire, agus a’ sgapadh air laghannan, mu reachdan is mu chleachdaii an falbh aineolais agus dorchadais a cridheachan da chumhachd mhoir sin a bha mar sholus agus dhaoine, agus ’g an lionadh le h-aoiblmeas agus mar aobhar-eagail do’n t-saoghal. sith. AN DEO-GREINE. 105 Tha moran d© chumhachd agus de mhorachd chanainean eil©, agus gur ©’m bunabhas Gaidh- Bhreatuiim-an-la-diugh ag eiridh o oibrean nan ealach a. tha r’ a fhaotainn anns a Bheurla teachdairean sin. Chaidh eaglaisoan agus Shasunnaich a tha, gu sonruicht©, ’toirt moran tighean-fogliluim a cliur suas an da chuid ’an cumhachd agus beothalachd do’n chanain sip. Albainn’s ’an Eirinn, agus teachdairean a chur Bu mhath a. thigeadh e do na Gaidheil, agus bu a rnach a theagasg an bsluaigh. Clia ’n ’eil ghlic a. dheanadh iad na ’n leigeadh dhiutha gu againn ach sealltuinn m’ an cuairt agus chi brath a. bhi ’g agairt air son na Gaidhlig© suidh- sirm gniomhan an lamb, agus toradh an eachadh nach urrainnear a dhearbhadh gu ’n do saothair. Gheibh sinn, Calum Cille ann an shealbhaich i riamh—gur i a’ cheud chanain a eilean I, Paruig agus Kentigern air cladach labhradh, agus gur i mathair-aobhar gach Chluaidh ; Ninian, an taobh mu dheas na h- Canain eile. Bitheadh iad toilichte leis a so—- Alba; Brenainn an Arainn, agus moran eil© d© gu’m bheil gach cumitas agus ughdarras as na teachdairean naomha sin a thog suas bratach airidh an creidsinn a’ dearbhadh gu’m bheil a’ na. firinn ’n ar duthaich fein, agus as a sin gu Ghaidhlig aosda agus fiachail; gur i as sine d© diithchan ©ile. Co a their, mata, ach an t- chanainean labhrach na h-Eorpa, agus gu’m aineolach nach robh litireachas agus foghlum bheil i an diugh bed, slan, ’nuair a. tha a comh- am measg nan Gaidheal o shean? aoisean—a’ Ghreugais—an Eabhra agus an Gu cinnteach, chailleadh agus mhilleadh Laidionn—marbh gun deb. Ann a bhi beachd- moran sgriobhaidhean ri linn nan daoine-tuatha acbadh air Canain agus Litireachas a dhixthcha, a bhi bristeadh a stigh air criochan a’ Ghaidh- rannsaicheadh an Gaidheal iad a mach ann an eil, agus ‘s © ’n t-iongantas gu ’n robh litireachas solus eblais, fiosrachaidh agus tuigse, agus cha a’ Ghaidheil, idir cho pailt, chionn bha uine air ’n ann 1© bbilich agus le h-amaideachd ag agairt a toirt suas, o am gu h-am, ann a bhi ’dion a dha fhein ’s d’a chanain nithean a tha, fada os dhiithcha bho lamh laidir nan coigreach. Tha ceann a chomais a dhearbhadh. sgriobhaidhean a lathair gus an la diugh a tha Tlut, aon cheist chudthromach a tha ’n drasd ’toirt dearbhaidh dhuinn gu ’n robh litireachas agus a rithist ag eiridh ann an inntinn a’ aig na. Gaidheil, agus nach robh iad idir cho Ghaidheil anns na laithean so—Am bheil has na aineolach, no cho borb’s a bu mhath 1© moran Gaidhlig a’ tarruing dlvth? Cha ’n ’eil a dheanamh a mach. comharran na h-aimsir a’ nochdadh gu’m bheil. Bliadhna an deidh bliadhna tha leabhraich- Gu cinnteach, tha moran nithean a’ cath an ean Gaidhlig a’ dol an lionmhorachd, agus an aghaidh na Gaidhlig© agus thatar fiosrach diugh tha ’n Gaidheal a’ sealbhachadh ann an gu’m bheil cuid d© dh-aitean air feadh na Gaidh- tomhas m6r, beannachdan, sochairean, agus ealtachd a tha ’g aomadh air falbh o’n ceud suidheachadh a bha air an aicheadh d’ a shinns- ghradh, a,gus a’ gabhail a stigh Beurla an t> earan. Ann a bhi ’g amharc air litireachas na Sasunnaich. Bu mhath gu’m bitheadh gach Gaidhealtachd aig an am so, faodar a bhi Gaidheal cho fileanta ’am Beurla ’s an Gaidh- smaointeachadh gu ’m bheil i aig a h-aird©— lig, ach na h-aontaicheadh iad am feasd leis a’ nach ’eil moran tuillidh Pa sgriobhadh na mhuinntir sin a tha ’n impis am peircill a chaidh cheana ’chuir am follais, ach cha ’n ann sgoltadh 1© bhi bruidhinn mosaireachd de mar sin idir a tha ’chilis. Tha moran sgriobh- Ghaidhlig air a truailleadh le Beurla. Cha ’n aidhean luachmhor ’n an laidh© air feadh na diithcha an sud agus an so a liathadh le h-aois, ’eil suidheachadh coitchionn na Gaidhlig ri bhi nach deachaidh fhathasd a chlb-bhualadh. air a mheas leis na beagan aitean sin a tha ’g Nach mor am beud gu’m bheil ionmhas aomadh air falbh uaipe. litireachais a thilgeadh an tuilleadh soluis air Le bhi ’beachdachadh air suidheachadh na eachdraidh agus cleachdan ar diithcha ’n an Gaidhlig aig an am so, tha fiosrachadh againn laidh© suas gun fheum o linn gu linn, agus gu’m bheil i a’ togail a cinn, agus ag ath- ma dh-fhaoidt© air am milleadh ’s air an iirachadh na h-bige. itheadh le na leomain. Tha clais litireachais Ghaidhlig© na’s Ann a bhi ’g amharc air litireachas na doimhne agus na’s farsuinge na, bha i riamh, Gaidhealtachd chithear cho bheag ’s a tha agus tha an sruth Gaidhlig a’ meudachadh ’litireachas rosgach an corneas ri ’bardachd bliadhna, an deidh bliadhna. Gleidheadh na Tha so a leigeil ris gu’n robh, o na. linntean o Gaidheil gu ciiramach an dileab luachmhor a shean, bunabhas na bardachd cumhachdach thugadh dhaibh le an sinn sear an, bitheadh iad agus saoibhir anns a,’ Ghaidheal. Tha e ’na ni dileas d’an duthaich agus dileas dhaibh taitneach do’n GhaidheaJ gu’m bheil daoin© fhein, agus mar sin sinear gu mbr foghluimt© an taobh a mach de’n Ghaidhealh la agus linn an Canain; ach bitheadh iad achd, cho mhath ri daoine foghluimt© ar dearmadach air an dleasdanas anns a’ rnhbdh diithcha fein, ag innseadh gu’m bheil Canain sin, agus tha, iad a’ toirt mi-chlm air cuimhne agus Litireachas a,’ Ghaidhoil fiachail agus lan na muinntir a chaidh rompa, agus a’ toirt di- airidh air ait© urramach fhaotainn am measg meis air an duthaich agus orra fein. 106 AN DEO-GREJNE. THE SECRETARY’S PAGE. ous idiomatic Gaelic. It was very capably presented by Mrs Coutts, Mrs Barron, Miss 1 Tha sittn air a’ mhios so a’ dol sgriob Margaret MacDonald, and Miss Bessie Camp- dJiachaidh do’n eilea.ii sin aims an lionmhor bell. fear na crdice, aoh tha e ro-thrath aims a’ * * * bhliadhna a dhol a dh’iasgach phiocach do Choire-bhreaoain! Ma bhios an aimsir a It may be added that a performance of “An 6hbir a’ ehothroim clia.’n ’eil teagamh nach bi rad a their a’ mhathair ’s e dh’fheumas a bhi ha laithean forlaich ’nam buannachd dhuinn deanta,,” by the same author, is to be given in ’s nach bi siim na’s treise airson na h-imrich. the Athenaeum on 27th April, in aid of the Gheibh sinn gu leoir de Ghadhlig a bhruidhinn Ardrisliaig War Memorial Fund. The sketch agus nach mor sin fhein aims an linn so ’s am is being expanded for the occasion, and the per- bheil sinn beo'. formance will occupy the whole evening. * * * As already noted in An Deo Greine, Miss A. Ceilidh nan Gaidheal, in which Gaelic alone C. Whyte is offering two prizes for the best is used, concluded another remarkably success- rendering of one of her father’s songs at the ful session. There are few things in our High- forthcoming Oban Mod. Competitors are to land city life more gratifying than the extra- select their song from the following: — “Mo ordinary popularity of this Ceilidh. Sitting Ghille Dubh,” “An cluinn thu mi mo. nighean room has been again at a premium through- dorm,” "Dhealaich mise nochd ri’m leannan,” out the session, and the interest has never “ A’ mhaighdean aluinn,” “Caisteal a’ Ghlinne,” flagged. This is particularly satisfactory, in and “ An Gaidheal air leabaidh bais.” view of the fact that the ideals of the Ceilidh have not been lowered, and that its purpose is not merely to amuse and entertain. The first three songs on the list given above It provides a programme of solid and instruc- are published in the “Coisir Chiuil,” and the tive fare, aims at enlarging its members’ fourth in the “ Celtic Lyre” and “ Minstrelsy of acquaintance with Gaelic literature and his- the Scottish Highlands,” The fifth and sixth tory, and furnishing opportunities of discussing are to appear in the “Oban Times” in Clarsach in the native language questions of immediate nan Gaidheal, conducted by A. C. W. practical interest. It is particularly pleasing and promising to observe so large a propor- Our congratulations to Rev. Lauchlan Mac- tion of young men in the audience week after Lean Watt, who is shortly to receive the degree week. of D.D., Mr MacLean Watt has been a mem- ber of An Comunn for years, and is the author of several volumes—prose and poetry. We We regret to intimate the death of Mrs are also pleased to note tlxat a similar honour Currie, The Hotel, Ford, and on behalf of our is being conferred on the Rev. Donald Mac- members and readers extend sincere sympathy Lean, Moderator of the Free Church, and a with the bereaved son and daughter. The de- notable Gaelic scholar. ceased lady was a native of the Balquhidder * * * district, and a direct descendant of Dugald The officers of a French gunboat, lately Buchanan, “ Am Bard Spioradail.” She was an berthed in the James Watt Dock, Greenock, entertaining Gaelic conversationalist, and a expressed a. desire to hear the bagpipes. Pro- keen supporter of the Mod, at which gatherings vost Mitchell, in paying an official visit to the her daughter, Miss Jenny M. B. Currie, has ship, took with him a. piper and an exponent always been a successful competitor. of Highland dancing. High appreciation of Scottish music was expressed by the officers. Sir William Sutherland, who was re-elected M.P. for Argyllshire, presided at the annual Mr Archibald MacCulloch lias secured conceit of the Islay Association last month. another success in his Gaelic sketch, “A’ Chearc Tire attendance is considered the largest ever Ghuir,” which was performed at the recent seen hi the St, Andrew’s Hall at any Highland concert of' the Glasgow Gaelic Musical Associa- gathering. The Jura Association close the tiojn. It exhibits that insight and humour session with a dance on Saturday, 3rd April, in and genial wisdom which characterises all the the Royal Halls. author’s productions, and is written in vigor- Null. Aft DEO-GREINE. m HILL5 OF ABERDEENSHIRE. 1&61, it ceased to be called the Cuimingharhiil (just because it had ceased to be the Cunnings harhill) and had become known as the Broad Early Historical Associations. Hill, by which name it has been known ever Interesting Lecture by Mr. Q. M. Fraser. since. The Hill op Fare. Tke third oi the series of four lectures to Having dealt with the names of Brimmond juvenile borrowers in connection with Aber- and Benachie and the Barmekin of Echt—the deen Public Library was given by Mr. G. latter named from the remarkable “ dun ” or M. Fraser, librarian, whose subject was fort, on its summit, that is, Dun-Echt, which “ Names of Hills and Mountains in Aberdeen- he hoped would become one day an object of shire.” Mr. John Murray, headmaster of visitation for the higher classes of school Hanover Street School, presided. children of the district—the lecturer came to Mr. Fraser, having explained that the names the Hill of Fare. In 1598 and down to 1725 of hills and mountains, like place-names in it was written “ Fair,” and that was a Gaelic Scotland, are mostly Gaelic (though usually expression applied many centuries before corrupted), said they must at the outset fix meaning a hill, or ridge. After English- some clear idea in their minds as to what was speaking persons came to inhabit the district a “ hill ” and what was a “ mountain.” It was they would apply the English term “ Hill ” and rather remarkable that the Ordnance Survey, call it the “ Hill of Fair,” making a tautology, the great department of Government that a double designation, in different tongues, of measures out the country and makes our best which we had many examples in our place- maps, has no rule for distinguishing between names in Scotland. From the Hill of Fare “ hills ” and “ mountains.” It is left to the they could see two hills across the Dee, in Kin- personal judgment of the officers. In a recent cardineshire, with names so interesting that remarkable book on map work, however, by they might look at them for a moment. One two skilled surveyors, this very good and clear was Craigingles, the rocky ridge behind Blairs distinction was made that a “ hill ” is an College—the highest hill in the neighbourhood. eminence under 3,000 feet in height, and a •‘Craig”' was the familia,r Gaelic expression “ mountain is an eminence of 3,000 feet and “ Creag,” and “ Crag ” meaning a steep, rugged over. This distinction they would adopt for rock. “ Aingeal ” was a Gaelic expression this lecture. meaning “ fire,” from which Professor Skeat, CUNNINGHARHILL. who spoke with high authority, derived the The first hill whose name was dealt with was expression “ ingle,” used in England and Scot- Cunningharhill—a name found in various laild to mean a fire, or fire-side. forms in many places besides Aberdeen, at Inverurie, Midmar, Cluny, Newmachar, Route of the Roman Armies. Arbroath, Stirling, etc. It was also found in If they stood on the summit of Craigingles, England. It was one of the many expressions near the remains of the cairn, and looked south- that we got from the French after the Norman westward, they would be struck with the view Conquest. In old French connin meant a obtained of the country from the Fetteresso rabbit, and conniniere a rabbit-warren, and the hills northward across by Maryculter—that is, name became common over England and Scot- precisely the route of the Roman armies when land as " Cunninghar,” so that Cunningharhill marching northward from Raedykes Camp, was simply the hill where the rabbit-warren of Fetteresso, to the Camp at Culter, and thence Aberdeen was situated, where rabbits were cul- to Kintore and the far north. The greatest tivated as a source of food-supply for the public. care had to be taken in regard to explaining But the further problem arose—where exactly these old placenames, but it was permissible was the Cunningharhill? It was near the to suggest, from etymology, history, topo- Links, for there a watch was kept in the middle graphy, and the practice of the times in Scot- oenturies for the approach of enemies by sea, land, tliat “ Craigingles ” may have been the hill and there, too, the burghers of Aberdeen were of the beacon-fire, used to give warning to the gathered for early wapinschaws and drill. But Gaelic tribesmen on the lower reaches of the for over 250 years the precise location of the Dee when their great enemy, the Romans, were Cmmingharhill had been lost. He gave it as on the march against them. The other Kin- his opinion that the Cunningharhill was simply cardineshire hill was Clochnaben—Clach-na- what we now call the Broad Hill, and that some Beinne*—which he dealt with because it was so time before our first plain of Aberdeen^ a.d well known, and because it was an instance oi 108 AN DEO-GHEINE. a name being transferred from an object on the CRU1NN- EOLAS ALBA. hill to the hill itself. The name really meant “ Stone on the Hill,” and applied really to the Le D. Urchadan. great rock that stood out like a wart on the 5.—Inbhirnis. brow of that conspicuous hill. In this respect So an t-siorrachd as mo an Alba, Is ann di. “ Clochnaben ” resembled the well-known road a bhuineas an t-Eilean Sgitheanach agus an t- there, “ Cairn-a’-Mounth,” the name of which Eilean Fada uile ach Leodlias. Tha an really belonged to an object on the hill, but had Gleann Mor a’ dol tarsuinn na siorrachd bho for long been applied to the historical highway mhuir gu muir (bho’n Chaol Mhoireach gus an across the Grampians. Limie Sheilich). Tha an t-sreath loch a tba Morven and Craigandarach. anns a’ ghleann air an ceangal ri cheile leis a’ The lecturer dealt with the names of “ Mor- Chanal Albannach. Tha, a’ chuid mhor de’n t- ven ” and “ Craigandarach,” both well-known to sdoTrachd fo bheanntan agus mhonaidhean all visitors to upper Deeside. Still further up mora, anns a bheil feidh is eoin-sheilge. Anns they came to Lochnagar, famous all the world an oird-an-Iar tha Beinn Neibhis, a’ bheinn as over, for it was the only mountain in Aberdeen- airde an Alba. (Is e Loch Morar as doimhne shire that had been sung by an English poet an Alba.) Tha nar criochan mu dheas a’ of the first class. This was another instance ruigsinn Dhrumuachdair, agus aig oir an Ear- in which the mountain had no right to the dheas na siorrachd tha baide de na beanntan as name. “ Loch-na-Gar,” as a name, really be- airde ’n ar duthaich, Beinn MhicDhuibhe, am longed- to the little dark loch that lies in the Biraigh Riobhach, Cam-an-t-sabhail agus an deep hollow of the mountain at the foot of the Cam Gorm. Tha bail’ aig beul Abliainn Nis great crags that so impressed -Byron. There agus air cladach Linne Inbhimis. Tha 20,000 was evidence to show that formerly the moun- sluagh ann agus theirear “ ceann-bhaile na tain was known as “ Beinn-nan-Ciochan,” that Gaidhealtachd” ris. Is ann an so tha ceann- is, “ Hill of the Breasts,” in reference to its oibrichean an Rathaid laruinn Ghaidheilich, characteristic peaks. But in the case of Loch- agus tha iad a’ deanamh bataichean-smuid air nagar it was no use now to attempt to restore son iasgaich ann. Chuireadh Blar Chuillodair the right names to the right things. “ Loch- ceithir mile air falbh. An deidh Bliadhna nagar ” the mountain would remain. The next Thearlaich chuir na Sasunnaich freacadain an mountain dealt with was Beinn-a’-Bhuird, one Ardnasaor, an Chille-chuimein agus an Inbh- of the few, he said, whose name was usually earlochaidh. Tha muileann clo am Port-righ spelt correctly. Others of the group were Ben anns an Eilean Sgitheanach. Avon, Cairngorm, and Ben Muic Dhui, all hav- 6.—Inbhearnarrun. ing striking names, and all having associated Tha an t-siorrachd bheag so an Ear air Inbh— with them certain lingual and topographical imis ri taobh a’ Chaoil Mhoirich. Tha an interests that helped to throw light on other aimsir tairis, an talamh comhnard, am fonn familiar names and places in this locality. Ben math agus air dheagh aiteach, ach tha monaidh- Muic Dhui, the greatest of all our mountains in ean anns a’ cheann a stigh. Cha ’n ’eil dad a Britain, except Ben Nevis, was 4,296 feet high, bhailtean ann ach an ceann-bhaile Inbhearnar- was an easy mountain to climb, but once at the run, anns a bheil moran iasgairean. Bithidh top, and accustomed to the wind, one had a look moran luchd-cuairt a’ tighinn ann a shireadh over the grandest array of mountain tops, in slainte. Tha fathraigeadh (failceadh) agus every direction, they could possibly imagine. ioman-rioghail ’nan caitheamh-aimsir aig cuiart- A Gaelic Tendency. earan agus naistinnich. The name showed a tendency of the Gaelic 7.—Eilginn no Moreibh. people to name natural features after animals Tha Siorrachd Mhoreibh comhnard ri clad- which these natural objects were supposed to ach, monantail ’na braigh, le aimsir thlusail, resemble, “ Muc ” in Gaelic was a pig, or sow. thaitneach, a’ toirt barr math coirce agus So they had Loch Muick, Loch of the Pig; ebma. Tha 14,000 acair fo neipean, agus tha Croft of Mucan, Braemar, Croft of the Pigs; an t-siorrachd a‘ giulan 50,000 caora, 23,000 Sron Muic, Corgarff, Snout of the Pig, and so cruidh agus 5,000 each. Tha sluagh domhail on. “ Dubh ” meant “ Black,” and Ben Muic ri cladach agus is e iasgairean a tha anns a’ Dhui was the Ben, or Mountain, of the Black chuid mhdir dhiubh. A bharrachd air tuath- Sow. Sometimes “ dubh ” was pronounced anas is iasgach, is e deanamh uisge-bheatha an “ dhu,” and sometimes “ duff,” and we had obair is iomraitiche. Am baile Eilginn, air place-names in both forms. Abhainn Losaidh, tha, pairt de sheann ard- AN DEO-GREINE. 109 ©aglais a thogadh arms a’ bhliadlina 1254 agus iasgaich, Portnacloiche that tobhta sean Chais- a bha clio oirdhearc ri gin a bha aims an teil Dhunotair. Tha Berbidh agus Fionn- diithaich ri a latha. Tha aimsir fhreagarrach dim ’nam bailtean iasgaich, agus co nach cuala do dliaoine euslainteach am Farrais air Uisge mu Finan Haddies'l The Eaglais-Labhrain Eire. Is iad Beul-losaidh agus Ceann- suas an duthaich. bhruaich na 1 railtoan-iasgaic 11 as ainmeile. 11. S. FARFAIR (no AONGHUIS). 8.—Banbh. An iomal lar-Thuath na siorrachd tha Tha an bsiorrachd so a’ dol ’na steill chaoil Monaidhean Dhruimuachdair agus tha seallaid- gu monadli Dhruimuachdair 60 mile bho hean boidheach an so. Mu dheas tha na Sid- chladach. Ri cladach tha fearann math air lai Hills. Tha am fonn beartach, agus bheir e dheaghi aiteach. Ajms a’ blxraighe tha barr comharraichte de gach seorsa. Tha caoraich air an arach (60,000), agus tha mu moran fhiadh is eun “ri shealg ann.” Cha 45,000 cruidh agus 8,000 each aims an t- mlidr gu bheil baile anns an t-siorrachd nach siorrachd. Tha iasgach sgadain is glais-eisg eil a’ figheadh linn. ’Se Dun-deagh (160,000) air an cur air adhart gu sgoinneil, agus tha na an treas baile an Alba aim an slaugh-mhoraehd h-ablmaichean (Spe agus Debheron) math air is malairt, agus tha e air thoiseach an oib- son iasgach b.hradan. reacliadli iut agus an deanamh anairt. Tha Tha baile Bhanbh ’na bhail’-iasgaich. Eadar Atseag-Bhrotaidh, Abarbrothrig, is Mun-ros ri e agus BailFMhic-Dhuibh tha Abhuimx Dhebh- iasgach, anart, is cainbe. Tha sean bhrugh eron. Tha moran iasgairean a’ tamh am aims an duthaich a thug ainm do bhaile faisg Bucaidh, Portsbidh agus Coilean agus tha iad air laimh Brichinn. Tha e so agus Farfar a’ gach samhradh lan de chuairtearan. Tha figheadh linn. crodh na, diithcha mu’n cuairt air am marbhadh 12.—s. PHEAIRT. an Ceidh air son feilltean feola Shasunn. Tha siorrachd Pheairt, an teis meadhon Alba, ainmeil airson oirdhearcas seallaidh agus caoch- 9.—Abaireadhain. ladh uachdair, beanntan arda, srathan farsuing, Tha an t-siorrachd so iosal, comhnard ri clad- glinn chumhang, lochan maiseach, aibhniehean ach, ach tha cridhe na diithclra, agus an ceann bras, coilltean dosrach agus frithean eunach. an lar Dheas cnocach, ard. Tha beanntan Beanntan : B. Lair, B. Mhor, B. Bhoirlich mora agus coilltean dosrach maille ri talamh agus B. Lidi; Lochan Tatha,, Raineach, air a shar aiteach a’ deanamh sealladhaidhean Eireachd, Eire, Ceiteirein, Ath-Chrathaigh, cho briagha agus a chithear ’s an tir. Tha agus Bheannchair; Aibnichean-Tatlia, Tedm- feidh, eoin-fhraoich, gearran agus an leithid sin heil, Garadh, Eire (Uisge) Theadhaich agus gl£ pliailt. Is iad coirce, eoma, buntata. agus Dubh (Forth). neipean toradh an aitich. Tha crodh, eich, B’e Peairt (32,000) aon uair ceann-bhaile caoraich, agus mucan air an arach; agus tlia Alba. Theirear “Am Baile Maiseach” ris, agus iasgairean a’ toirt moran eisg air tir an Abair- tha e aimed airson dath, deanamh cotain agus eddhain, Ceafm-Phddruaig, ’s -4! Bhruaich dubh (sgriobhaidh), agus feilltean cruidh is agus am bailtean eile. Tha mu 160,000 sluaigh chaorach. Tha e cuideachd iomraiteach mar an Abaireadhain. Tha am baile so iomrait- cheann-uidhe nan ratliaidean iaruinn. Tha each mar phort-malairt, air son oibreachadh moran de eachdraidh Alba an ceangal ris an t- gran-chlach ghlas, aitreabhean briaglia, ard- sean bliaile so. Tha moran luchd-siridh slainte sgoilean agus Oil-tliaigh. Am measg ealdliai- a’ taghal an Crauibh air sgath aimsir thioram neachd a’ bhaile gheibhear deanamh paipeir, bheothail a bhi aim. An Dunbhlathain chit- figheadh cotain is linn, deanamh ropan agus bear fior shean Ard-eaglais, agus tha pairt dhi togail soithichean. Tlia gran-chlach dhearg fhathast air a cleachdadh mar thaigh-aoraidh. air a h-oibreachadh an Ceann-Phadraig ; agus Chuireadh Blar Sliabh-an-t-siorram faisg air tha ann am priosan as mo an Albann. An laimh. An deidh ruagadh nan cleireach a I In bhearuir idh, Huntlaidh agus Tuiribh, suas Challum-Chille b’e Dun-chailinn aite priomh eaglais Alba,. Tha an gleann ainmeil, na Trois- an dhthaich, tha miiillnean mora min-choirce. eachan, faisg air Calasraid. Tha an duthaich 10. CINN CHARDAINN. mu chuairt Bldr-goibhre cliutach airson mheas, Tlia an cladach creagach, fiadhaich; am agus tlia sniomh Him (anairt) a’dol air adhart fearann torach is air dheagh aiteach. Mar is ann. bitheanta aim an duthaich anns a bheil tuat- hanas a’ togail aire sluaigh, cha’n’eil bailtean- 13.—Fiobha. mora an Cinn-chardainn. Tlia bailtean beaga Tha S. Fiobha, ’na h-eilein tioram eadar an ann amis a’ bheil feiltean. Faisg air a’ bhail- Gaol Liteach agus an Linne Tliathach. Tha no AN DEO-GREINE. cnuic aims a’ mheadhon agus tha na cla- tised and preserved by the early Celtic church, daicliean comhnard gu inaith air an aiteacli. which, under- the guidance and influence of Is iad coiroe, cruithneachd, edrna, neipean great personalities such as St. Columba, his agus bimtata na barran is cuiuanta. Tha 9,000 followers and successors, pioneered civilisation each^ 46,000 cruidb, 91,000 caora agus 7,000 with such lasting results in our own country. muc air an arach. Tha nioran guail an taobli Thus the lamp of learning was kept burning deas na siorrachd agus tha a,’ chuid inhor dheth till the matter of Education became a subject a’ dol do dhuthchannan coin. Tha acarsaidean for legislative attention. Then with a degree agus laimhrigean inaithe aim a, tha fabharach of insurgance which could not be resisted it do chein-mhalairt. Tba oibrichean auairt aim moved over the face of the ages, always gaining an Cupar, an ceann-bhaile. An Citt-challdaidh more or less in volume and in persistence. We tha aodaich©an-ola air an deanamh. Tha find towards the close of the fifteenth century Dunfarlain ri anart grirm agus a’ cladliach that such progress liad been made as to have it guail. Tha sean a.baid amis a’ bhaile, enacted that it was incumbent on barons and aims a. bheil righrean air an adhlaiceadh. freeholders to send their sons to grammar Chuireadh air bonn an Cillribhinn a’ cheud Oil- schools in their youth. tliaigh an Alba. Lean e Dun-chaillinn mar During the seventeenth century, especially chea.nn-bha.ile Eaglais na h-Alha. Tha luchd- in the vyears 1616, 1646, and 1696, very impor- cuairt a’ tighinn aim a’s t-samhradh gu bhi a’ tant public measures were passed, having for cluich air ioman-rioghail. Tha soithichean their object mainly the establishment of a guail air an luchdachadh am Burntisland agus school in every parish, as far as possible. am Methil. Then, again, during the eighteenth century, other agencies were active in the good cause, 14.—Cinn-ros. such as the Society for Propagating Christian Ged tha. an t-siorrachd so beag, tha i math Knowledge, the Gaelic School Society, the gu tuathanas agus buachailleachd chaorach. Education Scheme of the Church of Scotland, Is aim an eilean beag an Loch Liobhan a bha and less important organisations. Ban-righ Mairi 'na priosanach (1568). Tha Under all these institutions Education in the ceann-bhaile na siorrachd, Cinn-rois, a Highlands made considerable progress, and as deanamh anairt. Ann am Muileannthort tha a result men who acquired distinction in many feilltean cruidh air an cumail. walks of life, from the Highlands, made their way triumphantly in the world, reflecting honour and glory on the land of their birth. Mr. ALEXANDER MACDONALD ON The next great movement in the educational world of our country was that which culminated HIGHLAND EDUCATION. in the Education Act of 1872—a measure which At the annual dinner of the Gaelic Society of consolidated educational interests all round in Inverness held early last month the toast of a manner which has borne good fruit upon the “ Highland Education " was proposed by Alex. whole, though it is yet contended that some of Macdonald of the Highland Railway Company, the features of the old parochial system was and a well-known author on Celtic subjects— productive of much genuine education not e.g., “ Story and Song from Loch-Ness side.” realised under the new methods to the extent The toast that I have the honour to propose that might be expected But the people as a is a time-honoured one. I find it in evidence whole became certainly more enlightened under as an item in connection with our annual educational influence. During all those dinner as far back as the year 1875. But I periods, however, the treatment extended to venture to express the opinion that seldom or Gaelic as a factor in Highland Education was never has it been put forward when it was so not only unsatisfactory, but in large measure pregnant with matter of importance as regards wrong. There was in many influential quar- Education, or so promising in this direction as ters a decided antagonism to the native tongue. to the future, as on the present occasion. Let me quote the following from an Act of the The circumstances are, indeed, propitious Privy Council in the year 1616:—“That all under which we address ourselves for a few His Majesty’s subjects, especially the youth, be minutes to some remarks on a subject which exercised and trayned up in civilities, godliness, has acquired very great importance since recent knowledge, and learning, tliat the vulgar years. I am not to inflict upon you a lengthy English tongue be universally planted, and the account of the history of the rise of Education Irish, language [the Gaelic] which is one of the in our country. It is well known how, first chief and principal causes of the continuance of associated with the monastic orders among our barbaritie and incivilitie among the inhabi- forefathers, the cultivation of letters was prac- tants of the Islis and Highlandis, may be AN DEO-GREINE. Ill abolishit and removit.” This left its sting. capable of understanding this matter that, far I am not sure that the stupidity which inspired from being a deterrent, the native tongue will the sentiment has yet disappeared in all parts undoubtedly prove an immense facility in of Alba. imparting knowledge to the children whose But how different in many ways the state of mother tongue it is. And, indeed, there are a matters now. As voluntary institutions advo- number of subjects which it is thought could be cating the cultivation and preservation of quite successfully taught in Gaelic: such as Gaelic, its history and traditions, its literature Religious Knowledge, Singing, History, and its music, we have in being such agencies Geography, and some other such. There is, as the various Gaelic Societies all over the of course, a difficulty as to teachers at present, world; the Celtic Chair in the Edinburgh but this will right itself in time. University, the Celtic Lectureships in the Glas- There are further aspects of Highland gow and Aberdeen Universities, An Comunn Education which I can take time only to men- Gaidhealach, and quite an important accession tion—such as Agriculture, Forestry,

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MALCOLM & BINGHAM,nb R ani> Phone—579 Douglas. G. SINCLAIR, Proprietor. CHARING CROSS ( Vo&l ) GLASGOW. Elementary Course of Gaelic Re-ArrangedBy DUNCAN and REID,Enlarged (Gaelic Master,By NORMAN The Glasgow MACLEOD High School). Price Is. Postage 3d. extra. Publishedin bySchools An Comunnand Gaelic Gaidhealach Classes. for use AN DEO-GREINE Leabhar XV.] Ceud Mtos an t-Samhraidh, 1920. [Harrann 8. Ministear Chill Fhinn an uair a bhuaileas © CLAR-INNSIDH. shuas air, is a, th©id © air ghleus mu nithean a Ceann-Suidhe a’ Chomuinn is a Thurus gu Tuath, - - 113 tha faisg air a chridh©. Bha Rimair a’ Chom- AmPiobaireachd Meairleach Dhomhuill a bha ’PosadhDuibh, ’us- a’ Marbhadh- a Chuid 114 uinn na fhear-cuideachaidh l©is. Cha b’ Bhan—The Robber who used to Marry and Kill his urraimiear aide-de-camp a b’ fh©arr na, Niall Pan-CelticWives, Congress, - - ' - .- .- .- .- -115- 119 a, thaghadh air son an turuis, ’s © cho comasach The Secretary's Page, . - - . - 120 air labhairt as l©th eanain a dhuthclia, gun TheLeaving Awakening Certificate of Skye,Examination: - - 1920,- - - . - 123121 bhruidhinn air a ghibhtean ciiiil-—brain - is Cruinn-EolasThe Celts. - Alba.- -" - - - - i- - - --126 124 piobaireachd. Bha cebl is Gaidhlig pbsda, o AnBell Comunn Ringing In Salmon, South-West Ross, - -- - 126127 thus anus a’ Ghaidhealtachd, agus cha bu chbr Review,An Comunn - Gaidhealach,- - - - - _ . - - 112728 ©adar-sgaradh a dheanamh a nis©. CEANN-SUIDHE A’ CHOMUINN IS A Thatar, air amanrian, a’ fagail air luchd-an- THURUS GU TUATH. aodainnr-fhada, is na gruaim© gu bheil' iad an aghaidh ciiiil is orain mar mheadhonan. a chum Cha robh stridheacliadh cuid de mheuran a,’ a’ Ghaidhlig a,th-bh©bthachadh. Mar tha sin Chomuimi Ghaidhealaieh amis an ‘airde tuath fior, ciod © am meadlioh ©ile a bhiodh it leth o chiouii greis© ach ainharaisacli. Math dh’ cho freagarrach? Cha ’n aithn© dhoinhsa. fhaoidt© gu ’n do chaill iad an gredm, no gu ’n Gun teagamii tha a sliaorsa fhein ' aig - gach do shearg cuid aca fo bhuaidh a’ chogaidh neach mu chilis no ceisd-’sam bith, ach saoilidh oillteil a chuir an saoghal, an tomhas mor, bun mi gu bheil suaicheantas a’ Chomuinn Ghaidh- os cionn, ach tha ath-bhebthaduidh a nis ri ealaich—-“ ar canain is-arcebl -’na chomharra fraicinn an sud ’s an seo. Fo stiiiradli an neo-chroiiail anus gach seadh. Cha ghabh- thu Urr. Mgr. MacAoidh, Ccami-Suidhe a’ Chom- air aigne fallain nadurra fhuadach 1© bhi ?ga uinn Giiaidhealaich, chrioslaich an Coniunn e sior bhemliadh. Is febrr gu' mor a bhi ’ga fhein a chum' na scan -mhduran a dhiisgadh, stiiureadh ann an slighean dbigheil nach bi ’na agus meuran ura a phlantaigeadh; Rinn an aobhar nair© do, neach ’sam bith. Is © sin a Ceann-Suidh© ullachadh sonraicht© a chum an tha an Comunn Gaidhealach a,’ deanamh am rathad a’ reiteachadh mu ’n togadh © air gu feadh ’sa tha © a’ rneas oiiiil neo-sgairt© o’n dhol do na sgiraan tiiathach. Sgriobh © corr Ghaidhlig. is ceithir fichoad litir mar shanas do uaislean * *( * - - araidh gu robh hia amharc tadlial orra as leth Tha mi de-’n bheaclid gu lean to radii ion- ciiisean na Gaidhlig. - Mar sin cha d’ thainig • rnholta saothair ar Ceami-Suidh©. Cha ’n e h- © orra gun fhiosda. . Fliiiair © aoidheachd , uil© fear a ghabhadh an turns ps laimh air. a clmirdeil, Ghaidh©alach, ‘niar a dh’ ©arbamaid, - chosdas fein. Gu lean buaidh is piseach .© gus amis gach oearn, agus dh’.eisd mi biia lathair a chrioch. Tha siiilagain, gu faigh sinn aig na, coinn©imh©an 1© taitheas ri gach ©arail iomradh mhisneachail o am gu inn, cha’m e a a labhair ©’ -’na braid phongail. Tha fios mhain mu na meuran a cllaidh ath-bhebth^ch- agaimi '!un© cho dcas bhriathrach ’s a tha adh, ach mu na meuran ura. ■ Bithidh moran 114 AN DEO-GREINE. aca ri dheanamh mu ’n talaidh iad do’n chro a mkuinntir a dh’ fhas fuar no mjeagh-bhlath—an PIOBAIREACHD DHOMHUILL DUIBH fheadhainn ris an cam sinn, mar a thuirt am bard m ’a leannan: —“ Tha thu suarach umam An Daha Duais aio Mon, 190L an diugb ged blia uair bu toigh. lea,t mo glmtli.” * * * Eirich a Dhomhuill Duibh ; Tha mor fbeum air ceamam cil© de ’n Gbaddh- - Eirich a Dhomhuill; ealtaclid a thadhal, ma’s fior na tlia, mi a’ Eirich is gleus na duis, duinntinmi; agus ’siad sin cuid d© sgi reach dan Cluinneadh am mod iad ; an Eilein Sgitheanaich. Cha ’n ’eil fbios again Thigibhse ’nigheana air an talamh ciod © a thainig air na Sgith- Binne na Ceblmidh; eanaich. An ann fo gheasaibh na Galltachd a Thigibh is fritheilibh tha iad? Ma ’s ann, gu dearbh b’e an droch Tiotan air Domhull. ghalar e. Tlia, sinn a’ cluinntinn iomradh math a Portrigh a tha fo leithid a’ chomain do Seideadh a’ gliaoth a niuigh, Mhgr. I. S. MacAoidh, duine dealasach nach ’S muime do ’n cheol i; do chaill riamh a ghrkdh do ar canain. Ach Eitidh no caoin a guth, ciod a theirear mu Shnisort, Bhatarnis agus Cluichear g’a h-6rdugh; Sgir Dhuirinish ? An d’ rainig na geasan ’S torman na tuinne i, Gallda iadsan cuideachd? Feumar oidhirp ’N sumainne ceblar; a dheanamh a chum an trusadh a steach do ’n ’S organ na cruinne i, cliro am measg chach. Agus gu h-araidh Subhach no bronach. feumar siiil a chum ail air an oigridh, oir ’samn riiithsan a tha ar dochas mu choinmeimh an am ’S eibhinn ’s a’ chcitein guth ri teachd. Teagaisgeamaid dhoibh nadur na Uiseig is smebraich ; dilaab a chaidh fhagail aig an aithrichean o ’S eibhne learn fein an diugh, shean a chum a sineadh sios do ’n al a thigeadh Luiimeag nan 6g-bhan ; bran deidh. Tha ’n dilea.b soirbh ri giulan; cha Thugaibhse cuideachadh chuir i dragh air neach ’sam bith, ged bhiodh e Murrach do Dhbmhull; comasach air seachd canainean Eorpach a Eagal ’s nach cluimiear leibli bhruidhinn. Air a chaochladh, ’sann a, bhios Tuillidh air mod e. i ’na cuideachadh *aig a* cheann * thall. Eirich is seall a muigh ; Na’n nochdadh Gaidlieil suim chubliaidli do Tubaist air Dbmhuil! ar camin, chiteadh a Ghaidhealtaohd air a h- ’S fheudar nach ’eil na, duis, ath-nuadhachadh—a, chuid a. b’ fhearr de’n t- Buileach ’an ordugh ; seann rian a’ gabhail kite ’na criochan, gu a leas Feithibhse ’bhreitheamhn* fhein, is gun dochunn do mhuinntir eile. Beagan ri DbmliuH ; Faodaidh gu measar seo le cuid ’na fhaoin- Feithibh, Q, feithibh ris, bheachd, no silly sentiment, mar a their ma Theagauih nach beb e. seorsa, Ghaidheil a tlia. suas gus na h-amliach Eirich is gleus do chuilc, aims -an t-sruth Ghallda. Ach sentiment ann ’S uiseag ’s na. nebil i •, no as, is e fairaaehadh tireil de’n cheart ghne Seid gus am beuc na duis, a tha a’ riaghladli a chuid as paillte de’n Uirighioll ceblar; chume daonna. Tlia e mar ghlaogh a,’ tatliadh Greadaibh ’ur basan ri clireutairean r’a cheile amis gach aite. Caiseaniachd Dhbmhuill; Breabaibh ’ur casau i’a 0 chionn la. no' dha fhuair mi o Mhgr. D. ■Spiiisdeireachd brdail. Urchadan, M.A., ounnta® air mar tha ciiisean a’ dol anus a’ Chaol, is air feadh nan aiteam is Eisdibh r’a ghleus an diugh, faisg air. Gheibh sibh an t-iomradh aiins an Thugaibh a choir dha ; aireamh seo de’n Bet) Ghreine. Tha Earb- Eireadh am beus mar ghuth usaig a’ deanamh gu sgoinmeil. Ach a thaobh Thuiltean nam mbr-bheann ; a’ Cliaoil femnar cladhachadh m’ a thimcheall Feithibhs© ’bhreitheanihna, agus adlach a chur ris mar a rinueadh ris a’ Ceileirean Dhbinhuill; chramn-fhige nach robh a’ toirt a mach toraidh, Eagal ’s, mu dheireadh, eogail ’s gu ’n searg e as buileach. Ged tha Gu ’n ceil e a Ibchran. sin mar sin an drasda, tha fiughair again gu Domhnull MacEachaun faic sinn solus a.’ tighinn as a’ Chaol f bat hast. (nach maircunn). AN DEO-GREINE. 115 AM MEAIRLEACH A BHA 'POSADH THE ROBBER WHO USED TO MARRY ’US A’ MARBHADH A CHUID BHAN. AND KILL HIS WIVES. Bha boireamxach mor au siod aam aa aite fad There was ouee a big iwpman who lived in a a muigh, ’us bha i 'na baatraicbj ’us bha tri very oubof-the-way place. She was a widow nigheanan aice. and had three daughters. Thainig fear mor latha bha ’n sin, a dh’ One (Jay there came a big man to. ask the iarraidh ua te bu shine a phbsadh. Cha d’ eldest daughter in marriage. No one knew aithnich duine co am fear a bha, arm. Thuirt e who he was. He told the widow tliat he had ris a’ bhantraich, gu ’n tainig e a dh’ iarraidh come to ask the eldest of her daughters in na te bu shine de a nigheanan a phbsadh. marriage. Blia an duine gu math riomhach, ’us bha a He was very magnificently dressed, and his .choltas a' cbrdadh ris a’ bhantraich, air dhbigh appearance so pleased the widow, that she was ’s gu ’n robh i debnach a nigheau a tlroirt da. willing tp give him her daughter. He enquired Uh’ fhebraich e de ’n nighinn am pbsadh i e, ’us of the daughter if she would marry him, and she dh’ aidich i gu’m pbsadh. agreed to do so. “ Tha an tocliar a tha aea, air a chur air ledth “ Their tocher lias already been set apart, a cheana ; is e seachd fichead punud Sasunnach seven score pounds Saxon is what will belong a tha aice-se,” ars a mathair. to her,” quoth her mother. “ Pbsaidh sinn gun dail, ’us chan fhuirich sirm “ We will be married without delay, but we ri bainis an so; ni sinn bainis an uair a ruigeas will not wait to have a wedding here, we will siim an aite agam-sa,” ars esan. Cha robh have one when we arrive at my place,” said he. iadsan debnach dheth so idir, ach dh’ aontaich The others were not at fill willing to have it thus, iad leis. Phbs iad, ’s thug e leis i air muin nevertheless they acceded to his request. They eich air a chulaobh. married, and he took her away with him on horseback beliind him. Rainig e an siod lea,tha,, ’us an uair a rainig, He arrived [home>] with her, and when he did is aim an sin a bha, an toil-iimtimi ’us an t- arrive, wba

victim* The had robbers uttered may the have word had “a uaihe,” rule, based grefeh. on someOr they odd may superstition, have wished not to to add kill, to theuntil torture then- andu f suspense,Bemfe fatigued by worrying with hbr their adventures, prey with ibcbrtsecjuent% So ur questions,MS.—not “ bhuineadh,” AN DEO-GREINE. 119 ghabhadh iad. Rinn iad siod. An uair a tied. They did so, and when the* others awoke, dhiiisg iad an so, cha robh oothrom gluamid they liad not a chance of moving. aca. Chuir ise fios air a h-uile h-aon a bha ag She then sent word for all who liad friends ionndrainn duine. missing. Dh’fhalbh i fhm ’us an greidheir, ’us rainig She and the grieve went off to the castle. iad an caisteal. Chaidh iad a stigh, ’us mliarbh They went in, and killed the dogs. Then they iad na coin. Thug iad an so a stigh na daoine fetched in the people who liad gathered together, a thainig do’n rum amis an robh na cuirp, feuch and brought them into the room where the an faigheadh iad ann, cuirp nan daoine a bha corpses were, to see if they could find there, the iad ag ionndrainn. corpses of any people whom they had lost. Dh’ fhosgail iad an ath rum, ’us bha e Ian de They opened the next room, and it was full dr ’us de airgiod. Thug a h-uile duine leis, mar of gold and silver, and every man took away a b’ fhiosrach e fhxn, [n]a blia iad a’ toirt with him as far a.s he knew, what they had been uaidhe. stealing from him. Thill iad dachaidh. Then they returned home. Cha d’ iarr iad lagh no binn air na meairlich, As for law or sentences against the robbers, ach chuir iad ri theinidh iad, ’us rinn iad smal they never troubled to get such a thing, but set dhiubh. them on fire, and made cinders of them. From Marian Gillies, Port Nan Long, North Uist, August, 1859. NOTES AND TRANSLATION.—By J. G. MACKAY, London. From the MS. collections of the late J. F. “ 0 mhullachaibh an ceann gu bonnaibh an Campbell, of Islay, Iain Og He, Vol. XL, 172. grammar.casan.” CeannCompare certainly for wouldanalogy have the been following better ten:—“AnOn the flyleaf Robair of the aMS., bha Iain ’posadh.—Marian Og He has writ- two proverbs (Nicolson, 66, 368): — CompareGillies, North Grimm’s Uist, August,Robber ’59.Bridegroom, H. MacLean. Mr. “ Bidha’ gleidheadh suilean ghobharam fear dhaibhaig an fhein.”mnathan ters.Greenwood Bluebeard. M.S. TheAbstract Widow for Noteand herto Widow.” Daugh- “ WivesThug iadhave aghaidh goats’ ameyes buill’s in keeping an caman their air.”hus- In this story, No. 172, nothing whatever is tobands be veryto themselves.” sharp-sighted. Goats are supposed saidof the as heroine.to reviving the corpses, or the marriage “ They turned all their force against him. In “ W. H. Tales,” II., No. 41, the Great Mas- him.”Lit. turned their ball and shinty clubs on ter of Folk-Tales, in a most interesting note, As to the nom. sing, form, “ mullach,” it is a meansrefers ourto hispresent “ 3fr]d study, (’variant],” No. 172. Thisby whichis proved he regular rule in Gaelic that a word that repre- by his references, ibid, iv., p. 410. sentsand which the samewould parts in English of several be pluralised, similar things, as for type.Nos. See17, 41,also and“ Folk-Lore 172, are Record,”.all of the IV.,Bluebeard 152. instance : — “ An ath fhear.” As far as the writer’s know- TheOn the hearts thin ofends the of witches, the hazel sticks, articleledge goes, in the the nominative “ t ” (required before by a thevowel) masculine never Unless thou strike our heads off, appears before “ath,” next. appearsAir ceannin Gaelic caol innam the bataichean singular, as—daraich, dative“ Anns cases. a’choillidh, ri theinidh,”—two rare CridheMur cuir nan thusa doideagan, dhinne an ceann. See“ A“ mhicAn Deo-Greine,” chridhe,” instead Sept., of 1918. “a mhic cridhe.” 144:Vide ibid,“ Sgi iv.,nan 308. Caol,” 76: “ An Gaidheal,” II., One“ O would mhullach have anexpected— cinn gu bonnaibh an cas.” EuphonyThe plural is probablyform, “ bonnaibh,” the determinating breaks this factor. rule. PAN-CELTIC CONGRESS. Masonic Hall by gentlemen selected for their knowledge of the subjects they have under- . The meeting of the Paii-Celtic Congress, taken to speak on. A grand concert will take which was postponed last year on account of place in the Usher Hall, when vocal and instru- the railway strike, and for other reasons, will mental illustrations will be given of the music meet in the Masonic Hall, Edinburgh, on the of Scotland, Wales, Ireland, and the Isle of 24th of May, and the meetings will continue Man. The gathering should appeal to all to the 29th. The programme is attractive. Gaels, and those living within reasonable dis- Lectures will be delivered each morning in the tance from Edinburgh should attend. 120 AN DEO-GREINE. their.usual- power 'and.:irimp while Miss oBessie THE SECRETARY’S PAGE. Campbfell, who made her .first appearance in the Fhuair mi air ais sabhailte a Diiira part, proved herself a most capable and win.. craagacli iiam fiadli agus is flieairrde mi gu sprue Kilidli. mor an iiine bheag a chaith. mi a’ siubbal a * * * . . mhonaidbean. Clia robh an aimsir ro cbaoimh- Another dramatic ; performance of : a.: some- nedl ruinn ach bha solas aim a bbi faicinn an t~ what similar: character was given under the sbbhranb a’ cinntinn pailt aims na bruthaioh- auspices of the Tiree Association Ladies’ War ean fasgacb agus am leithe ’san caoruim a’ cur Work Guild on the evening - of Friday, 23rd umpa an trusgain bbidbeach uaine. Bha April. On this occasion Hie sketch " Beitidh ” meigeadaich mheann, meilich nan, gulag blnid- was written by Miss Mary A. MacKinnon, and. its performance -by a thoroughly: competent eun agus oeilear smeorach a’ seinn ’nar cluasan company gave the keenest pleasure to-a large o mhoch gu dubh .agus clut bu nco-thaitneaclv audience. The sketch, was brightly and kinn a’ eboisir. * * * cleverly written. this month we regret having to record the it is a. pity such performances could not deaths of two well-known members of An be greatly multiplied. . They are warmly, Comunn, viz. : Mr. Donald MacDiannid, Ab>-r- appreciated by our Gaelic audiences, and. a feldy, and Rev. Hugh MacCallum, Blair-Atholl much-needed variation from conventional con- Mr. MacDiarmid was President of the Aber- cert. progiamines.' The suggestion has already feldy Branch for many years, and Mr. Mae- been- made that a. Gaelic Dramatic Society- Callmn acted on several occasions as adjudica- should bo formed in Glasgow, and we trust this tor at our Mods. Cha.tiU, cha till, cha till iad suggestion will not be allowed to drop. We tuille. have authors and performers in sufficient num- The Paisley Highlanders’ Association brought bers, and if a fund; could be collected to defray to a close on 27th March one of their most costs of printing, Scenery, and stage accessories, successful sessions. The gatherings were well and to provide against loss, the number of our attended throughout the winter, and the available plays and the frequency of. their per- Directors very generously handed over to An formance could be greatly increased. Comunn the entire proceeds of two of their c'oncerts. Mr. John Woodrow is a, most popu- At the last meeting of the Argyll Education lar President, and he is ably supported by Mr. Authority it was reported that the parents of. John MacKay, secretary; Mr. Alex. MacKenzie, 3,600 children had expressed a. desire'to have treasurer; and Mr. Walter MacGillivray, con- their children taught Gaelic, and the Director cert secretary. Gu robh buaidh kds na seoid! of Education was instructed to prepare a * * * scheme of instruction. What about the Major Iain P. Grant, Yr. of Rothiemurchus, children in Gaelic-speaking areas whose parents lias been appointed secretary of the Com- liave expressed a contrary desire or liave not. mittee on Deer Forests, and Captain Roderick made their wishes known? The Statute makes MacErlich, Inverness, as Grazing Officer under no distinction between these and the others. the Scottish Land Court. Both of these gallant Liberal inducements are being given by this gentlemen are members of the Executive Coun- Authority to teachers to qualify themselves for cil of An Comunn. Major Grant is secretary the teaching of Gaelic, viz.: £20 additional of the Piobaireachd Society, and Captain Mac- salary, to those who qualify, with promise of a Erlich Secretary of the Gaelic Society of Inver- maintenance grant to those attending the ness. ^ ^ Summer Vacation Course. The performance of Mr. Archd. MaeCulloch’s * * * - ‘ sketch, “ An rud a their a’ mhathair ’s e dh’ The Inverness Education Authority have fheumas a bhi deanta,” on the evening of the recently .been advertising for teachers. Out 27th April in the Athenaeum Hall, Glasgow, was of eleven' vacancies advertised, “ Gaelic* Essen- a pronounced success. The play on this occa- tial ” was stipulated for six of them. This is sion had the advantage of a suitable stage and a welcome sign of the times.. Had the old appropriate scenery, and this added greatly to School Boards been more careful to require this the completeness of the representation. qualification in the teachers they appointed to Artistically, the performance was excellent, schools attended by Gaelic-speaking children, Mrsr Barron, Mr. Donald MacPlia.il, Mr. J. M. the work of the new Education Authorities in Bannerman, and Mr. Neil S. Campbell filling providing for the teaching of Gaelic would be their well-known parts with even more than much less difficult. Niall. AN DEO-GREINE. 121 LEAVING CERTIFICATE EXAMINA- Gu bheil do chairdean fo mhoran curam TION, 1920. Nach faic iad sabhailt air lar do dhutheh’ thu. GAELIC. A Chlann Ghille-Eoin, gu’n robh sibh ain- Higher Grade—(First Paper). meil, Tuesday, 30th March—10.15 a.m. to 12.15 p.m. Fine rioghail nam piosan airgid; The whole of this paper should be answered. A liuthad dubhghall nach b’fhiii a chean- The value attached to each question is shown chas in brackets after the question. Chaidh gu h-iiir le liiths bhur geal ghlac. N.B.—Write legibly and neatly. Marks will T be deducted for bad writing and spelling. Craobh bhur siimsreachd-s’ cha chrin o’n d 1. Translate into English — thainig, Bha na Gaidheil riamh comharraichte air son Bha fhios an sgeil sin aig geur luchd sean- an dilseachd do ’n cairdean, agus an dedsealachd chais, gu dol an lethsgeul each a cheile. Bha iad Gu’m bu shliochd rigli sibh o’ chrich na fialaidh tabhairteach ris an dream bu toigh leo, Spamnte, ach gamhlasach droch-mheinneach ris a’ Is do shliochd Gathelus fhuair geill ’s an mhuinntir bu bheag orra. Bha. iad ardanach Eiphit. morchuiseach agus ealamh gu oilbheum agus sroineas a gbabhail. Bha iad eudmhor deala,s- Mar choill ged tha sinn ’s ar barr air ach a thaobh cheistean follaisaach anns an crionadh, cuireadh iad seadh agus uidh, agus chathaich- Gun mheas gun bhlath oirnn ach tair is eadh iad gu siirdail spioradail as leth flriimean diobradh, suidhichte ’san robh iad ag creidsimi. Bha iad Thoir caochladh beus duinn fo sheul do deidheil air eachdraidh agus cleachdaidhean an shioththaimh sinnsre, agus bha iad dian ainteasach araon Is na sgath dhiot fein sinn mar gheugan ’nam mulad agus ’nan aighear. Bha iad gu criona. [40] nadurra uasal suairce modhail cuirteil, agus bu dual dhaibh othail is iidag a dh&anamh mu 3. . Describe the metre of either of the above choigrich. Bha gach buaidh dhiubh so, maith two pieces. [10] is dona, ri am faicinn cho follaseach an giiilan 4. (a) Translate the following piece into a’ Bhaird is nach ’eil sta dhomh feitheamh ri English, or into modem Scottish Gaelic : — an comharrachadh a mach. Bu Ghaidheal e Ar n-a chlos iomorro don mheid Lochlonnach gun cheist a thaobh abhaistean agus bheusan. do bhi i n’Eirinn gur marbhadh na taoisigh do [25] bhi orra fein, is gur gabhadh Tuirgheis an t- 2. Translate into English: — anfhlaith le Maoilsheachlainn ri Midhe, do Cliii Dheagh Mhinisteir. ghabh meatacht is mimheisneach iad, ionnus (1) Bha thu caomh ri fear feumnach, gach fuireann diobh do bhiodh i gorioslach * Bha thu saor ri fear reusont’, na tire i stigh i geein 6 bhailtibh cuain, go Bha thu aodannach geurach, mbidis ag triall tre ealodh oidhche d’ fhio® a Mar chloich, ri eucoireach, cruaidh ; long re h-Eirinn d’fhagbhail; agus an lucht do Bu tu an ta,bhairtaach maoineach, bhiodh i mbailtibh cuain diobh, do rithidis ’n a Bu tu an labhairteach saothrach, longaibh da dhldaan fein ar iommagadh na Bu tu an comhairleach tiomail, nGaoidheal do bhiodh ag tbraigheacht t orra, Is erioch a’ ghaoil ann ad fhuath. ionnus gur dibreadh \ Lochlonnaigh uile a h- Tha e ’na ladamas gabhaidh Eirinn an tan soin, acht iarmhar $ beag do an Bhith le h-eagal ag aicheadh fa smacht na, nGaoidheal diobh. Agus do Nach ’eil stoo aig an Airdrigh bathadh Tuirgeis le Maoilsheachlainn i loch Ni an bird na chaidh uainn; Aininn, agus tainig don ghm'omh sin gur thogh- Ach’s fabhar Freasdail’s is iongnadh, adar uaisle Eireami d’ aon-aonta Maoilsheach- No an nl as faisge do mhiorbhuil, lainn ’n a airdrigh ar Eirinn uile. Am beam so th’againn a lionadh (b) Parse bidis, rithidis, thoghadar. Gu bias miannach an t-sluaigh. (c) Decline taoiseach (Irish Gaelic) and Do Thriath Dhubhaird. toiseach (Scottish Gaelic). (2) Tha mi am chadal, ’s gur am dhomh diisgadh * i gcrioslach .i. meadhon. tag tdraigheacht .i. an Mu Shir Eachann nan lann’s nan luireach ; t6ir.§ fuigheall. + gur dibreadh .i. gu’n d’fhuadaicheadh. 122 AN DEO-GREINE. GAELIC. language, “ Cha ’n fheum i iasad.” Discuss this statement, [12] Higher Grade—(Second Paper). 8. Give the meaning of the following com- Tuesday, 30th March—2.30 p.m. to 4.30 p.m. pound words, explaining so far as you can the The value attached to each question is shown nature of the relation between the two parts of in brackets after the question. the compounds: caisruisgte, caisbheart, dair- Section I. chruaidh, sneachdgheal, earrgheal, iirghorm, All the questions in this Section should, if dubhghorm, orbhuidhea, oirchiabh, ciilbhuidhe, possible, be answered. aithghearr, ath-leasachadh. [12] 1. Write in Gaelic at some length upon the Either, changes which the Great War has brought 9a. What do you know of the Norse Inva- about in the outlook of the Gaelic People. sions of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland, 4 and their consequences ? [12] 2. Turn into idiomatic Gaelic: — t °] Or, (а) He is a good man. (Do this in three 9b. Describe any ancient remains or anti- different ways.) quarian finds in your district, giving any (б) For alb its bareness, I love eveiy sod of opinions or explanations you have heard of re- this island. garding them. [12] (c) The body is none the heavier for its GAELIC. (d) He insisted on my visiting him the next time I should be in his neigh- Tuesday, 30th March—2.0 p.m. to 2.30 p.m. bourhood. [7] This paper must not be seen by any Candidate. I. Translate into idiomatic English: — To be read out by the Teacher at 2.0 p.m. in (а) Is ole a fhuaras sibh oirnn. the presence of the Supervising Officer. (б) Is maith a, sheasadh e ionad uachdaran- To be written by the Candidates on the sepa- fearaimi. rate sheets provided, which must be collected (c) Is diiigha teine feama ur. before the Second Gaelic Pa,per is distributed. (d) \% misde mi gun duine comhla rium. Directions for Use. Section II. 1. Dictate the passage slowly, repeating each Three questions should be attempted from this group of words (as indicated by vertical Section. lines) twice over, and pronouncing every Note that Questions 9a and 9b are alternatives word very distinctly. and are not both to be done. 2. After an interval of five minutes read the The answers may be either in Gaelic or in text over again in the same manner as on English. the first occasion, but do not on any 4. Name any poems that you liave read in account repeat separate words at the re- praise of Gaelic, and give an account of the quest of individual candidates. chief points made in one of them. [12] Columbus. 5. Take any descriptive piece of Gaelic prose Bba Columbus innleachdach, | ard-thogar- or poetry that you have read, and give an esti- rach, dana agus cruadalach, | agus air an laimh mate of it from the point of view of (a) clear- eile, I bha efoighidneach | stuama, agus seasmh- ness, (6) minuteness of detail, (c) accuracy of ach; | eblacb air an t-saoghal | agus air nadur observation. [12] dhaoine, | suairce agus modhail ’na ebainnt, | 6. (a) Bu mhaith an la is an oidhche thu, agus fearail ’na ghiulan, | ionnas gu n robh Bha loinn ort am beinn’s an cladach ; aige gach buaidh | a bba feumail a chum urram Bu mhaith am feaclid’s an sith thu : achosnadh, | agussmaebdasheasamh: | oscionn Cha righ am fear a. chuir as duit. gach ni | cha n fliacas maraiclie riamh | a thug (b) Sud an t-aodach dreachmhor chumadh barr air an cruadal, | ni nacli faodadh gun a gaoth is fras uam : thoirt air daoine | lan-earbsa chur aim, | ann Mallachd an da Shanghai air aon fhear an am curinairt no gabhaidh. | An deidh chuir as e. dhaibh bhi mios aig fairge, | agus an sgioba an Explain the reference in these verses. Give impis fairtlcachadh air | le’n gealtachd chean- an account of the circumstances that gave rise naircich, | mhothaich iad fa dheireadh cornhar- to them. [12] raidhean | a dhearbh dhaibh | gu ’n robh iad a’ 7. Alexander Macdonald says of the Gaelic dliithachadh gu tir. (10) AN DEO-GREINE. 123 THE AWAKENING OF 5KYE. part was sustained by Miss MacDonald, View- field, and Mrs MacIntyre, Wentworth Street, Report by Mr. J. G. Mackay, O.B.E., Portree. and an orchestra composed of Mrs. MacIntyre, Messrs Alic Campbell and Roderick and Mal- As promised, we have now held the proposed colm Gumming. Two young misses, Marjory concerts on behalf of the Publishing Fund of MacKirmon and Eva MacRae, gave some exhibi- An Comunn, and I have pleasure in reporting tions of dancing. A local sketch, “ Consach- that they have bean a magnificent success. adh—Mairi agus Seonaid,” by Miss MacDonald When I mentioned the matter to our friend, Mr. and Miss Mima Fraser, caused a good deal of Roiy MacLeod, he at once offered to come and amusement. Needless to say, everybody was help us, which offer, you may be sure, we were in ecstacy over the perfonnanoe. (Fhuair air glad to accept. We arranged to hold the con- cairdean Gallda siiileagan). certs shortly after the New Year, but unfortu- On Wednesday we had a heavy programme. nately he could not come then, so had to post- Two concerts, seven miles apart, on the same pone them till this week. In the? interval evening, is a big undertaking, and to turn out several of the young men whom we expected immense successes is a thing to be proud of. to help had to leave for employment in the The first was held at Uig, begimiing at eight south, and, the season being advanced, the o’clock. Dr. MacDonald occupied the chair. people are busy art. their spring work. Not- By the way, he very kindly came up fifteen withstanding that, we had record meetings in miles to Portree on the previous evening, and every place we could take up. I will give you took a. very acceptable part in the singing there. a short sketch of each concert in its order, and, Here there was a bumper house, the large as you have an idea of the configuration of the schoolroom was taxed to its utmost, many hav- island, you will understand the work we under- ing to stand in a classroom and corridor, and took. the local talent was in proportion. The singers The first was held at Broadford on Monday were : —Miss MacNab, Kilmuir ; Miss Graham, evening, 5th inst. (Mr. MacLeod was accom- Uig; Miss Jessie MacDonald, Totscor; and panied by his daughter, Miss MacLeod, who no Miss Anderson, Uig; Mr. Donald MacNeill, the less than himself contributed to the success of Earglish bard ; Mr. Dugald MacRaild, Kilmuir ; the tour.) The arrangements there were in Dr. MacDonald; Mr. Hector MacDonald, Kil- the hands of Mr. J. MacPherson, headmaster of muir ; Mr. Dugald MacLean, Earlish; Messrs the Broadford School, and Mr. Neil Grant, J. A. Graham, D. Graham, D. Corbett, James Clerk to the Parish Council of Strath, and when MacDonald, and A. Maclnnes, Uig; and James I say that it was the most successful concert MacDonald, Totscor. Instrumental music was ever held in Broadford, that will give you an supplied by Pipe-Majors MacLean and Munro, idea of how well they did their work. The and Piper Norman MacDonald, all army hall was full to the door, and several people had veterans, and by Mr. A. MacCallum, M.C., on to stand during the whole time. Besides the the violin. MacLeods, they were assisted by a number of We left Uig at half-time in order to take part local friends and also by two young MacRae in the Ceannsaleyre meeting, which was being ladies from Kyle of Lochalsh (one of them a carried on by the local talent, and we got a Mod medalist), and a young Lochalsh Canadian great reception, and were immediately put into ■of the name of Murchison, who Mr. MacLeod requisition. The audience was delighted with assures me is a musical find for future use. the MacLeods, who had repeatedly to respond From such an array of talent you will under- to encores, Mr. MacLeod again treating them stand that the good people of Broadford had a with Skye songs, which roused the most lively pleasant evening of it. If anything remained enthusiasm, in having them presented to them to make the' thing complete, it was furnished in such perfect style. The local talent was in the chairmanship of Rev. Hector MacLean, represented by Mr. Donald Gumming, who one of our Gaelic stalwarts, and Mr. Maclnnes acted as chairman, Pipers Lament and Mac- of the Broadford Hotel crowned the thing by Kintosh, Misses Morag Beaton, Morag Gum- sending his car with Mr. and Miss MacLeod to ming, MacDonald, Lament, and Pringle, Messrs. Portree. Beaton, Budge, MacDonald, MacLeod, MacRae, The Portree function was held on Tuesday and Stewart, all of whom gave solos. A recita- evening, when there was a large gathering, tion was given by Mr. John Stewart, arid a much larger than we expected seeing that so character sketch, “ Am Maighstir-sgoil agus many were away on holiday. Here we had to Calum Posta,” by Messrs Beaton, Beaton, and have a mixed programme to accommodate non- Stewart. Gaelic friends who were desirous of partaking The most unbounded enthusiasm prevailed of our feast of good things. The local musical at all these concerts, and both Mr. MacLeod 124 AN DEO-GREINE. and Miss MacLeod simply electrified the audi- tion, and enable him to possess his distinctive ences. I am safe in saying that no others soul. The thanks of the Comunn are certainly would have drawn such audiences at this late due to Mr. Mackay and those ladies and gentle- time of the spring. We meant to have men whose efforts have met with such signal extended the tour, but owing to the spring tides success. Buaidh leo uile, agus gu ma fada mu and the people being engaged in cutting sea- ’n tig tiichadh air ribheid Ruairi. Ed., D.G.] ware, we had, to curtail it, but from the success of what we have tried, it can be seen that a similar tour in other parts should be a good thing for the Comunn. The local committees THE CELTS. in each place deserve the thanks of An Comunn for their energy and interest in the matter, and to them belongs the credit after the magnetic Greek and Celtic Culture. influence of our friend Ruari, of the happy Celtic culture, in so far as it was descended result of the undertaking. For the organising from the common Aryan source, was fundar of the project the thanks of An Comunn are mentally one with the Greek and Latin cul- specially due to Miss MacDonald and Mrs. Mac- tures; and this essential similarity is observ- Intyre, and Mr. Duncan MacIntyre, who were able in respect of the fundamentals (though not most helpful in working it up. I cannot give the accidents) of every form of culture asso- too much praise to the committee at Dig for ciated to the Indo-European race. Neverthe- their work, and also that at Ceannsaleyre. less, Greek, Latin, and Celtic civilisation are “ The Portree men: ” whose names appeared in each strongly marked by certain features pecu- a recent issue of the Deo Greine, all did their liar to themselves, though the point of differen- “ bit.” I have great hopes of forming strong tiation does not always consist in the character- branches at Uig and Ceannsaleyre. Miss Mac- istics which popular belief is fond to regard as Donald also accompanied us to Uig and Ceann- the dividing line. For instance, there is no saleyre, and had to respond to repeated encores. such thing as “ Celtic Art ” in the positive sense [The above report is of a very gratifying in which that expression is frequently employed. nature. It is evident that a re awakening has Celtic Art (at its best) is a beautiful and rare happened in Eilean a’ Cheo—that famous old amalgam, as it were of borrowed motives. Em- nursery of heroes. We have often heard the phatically, it is not sui generis; but that fact taunt applied to Skye, that it was hopelessly does not in the least degree detract from its indifferent to the claims of our language, that abounding artistic merits, or lessen its value “a’ chuid nach ’eil fuar cha ’n ’eil iad ach and interest as the expression of the genius of meagh bhlath.” On several occasions we, in a people richly endowed with originality. this magazine, stated that the hope of Gaelic Briefly put, the matter may be stated as fol- lay with the youth of the Highlands. After lows : the Greeks borrowed, and, in their turn, receiving a sound English education, these the Celts borrowed from the Greeks. But (bor- young people have now realised that something rowing in or out) my own impression is that additional was awanting, and with their sharp- the Celts were the better craftsmen, though, ened intelligence they have turned their atten- doubtless, owing to their interrupted social de- tion to the literary wealth that lies hidden velopment, they were never so fine artists. The in the old language which brings . them into Bronze Shield in the British Museum and the touch with their ancestors, their manners, famous Ardagh Chalice—what have the Greek customs, and general culture, for despite the craftsmen to- show to compare with these superb sneers of the enemy, that old race possessed a masterpieces 1 culture and a degree of wisdom suited to their “ Ancient Gaul (says Dr. MacBain in “ Celtic time that might be a saving grace in this age Mythology and Religion ”) presents to our view of grinding uniformity and commercial tyranny. the same political features as Greece of Hero- As a writer recently put it, “ The Celt has pre- dotus’s time, or earlier; the manners and cus- served the elemental fervour of his enthusiasm, toms of Gaul remained the Greek historians of the ecstasy of mirth and the bitterness of his the life of Homer’s time.” Here again, the Celts tragedy.” At the various concerts, Mr. were merely following the call of the Aryan Roderick MacLeod (Ruairi againn fhin) and his blood that flowed in their veins, though here very promising daughter were an immense again modem popular superstition is apt to mis- attraction, but we are confident that the other construe the signs of ancient times. In the “ song birds ” who took part will be heard of first place, the Celts had long passed the primi- yet in the musical world of the Gael. Music tive stage of pure patriarchy when first they are and Gaelic are the two most powerful factors introduced to us through the channel of authen- that will save the Gael from a dun anglicisa- tic history ; and, in the second, the Clan or AN DEO-GREINE. 125 Tribal.system, as it is indifferently styled, was cases. The vpgue enjoyed by Mercury in not an essentially Celtic institution, as some Caesar’s day points to the existence of a re- writers (mainly journalists) would appear to markable change of popular sentiment as re imagine, but is one which was common to the gards the leading light of the Celtic pantheon ; whole Aryan race a,t a very early period of its for it is certain that the earlier, if not the origi- history*. Consequently, we need not be sur- nal, capital god of the Celts was Mars. Accord- prised if Celtic polity underwent much the same ingly, 1 suggest that the decline of Mars and the changes and vicissitudes as characterised its ascendency of Mercury was due to Greek influ- fortunes in other parts of the Aryan world in ence, whose affection for Hermes was profound, Europe. But though it is true that, so far as and the entrance to whose Acropolis was essentials ate concerned, the “Celts; in this pro- adorned, according to Pausauias, with a statue vince also, invented nothing, yet here again of that popular god. The anonymous author they wonderfully refined on (if they did not im- of a peri plus to be found in Muller’s “ Geo- prove) what was already their own by reason graphi Graeci Minores,” and held to date from of birthright, or had come to them from ex- before Pytheas (circa 330 b.c.) his time, states traneous sources. For to them belongs the that “ the Celts practise the custom of the peculiar distinction of originating the theory of Greeks, being, by reason of the exchange of the “ balance of power,” a device of art (call it ‘ guest-friendship,’ on the most friendly terms which, we choose) which they consistently prac- with Greece.” The testimony of Ephorus, who tised in respect of the whole body of their public wrote an early description of Europe, is to a institutions. But though Greek and Celtic similar effect ; he says that the Celts are great polity had nothing in common in this respect, admirers of the Greeks. That the Celts were yet one institution there was, not shared by drawn to the Greeks in a very particular man- Rome, which both peoples supported. This was ner is abundantly proved by early Celtic literar “ the Tyrant,” who, after the Greek oligarchies ture. The “ Homeric ” body of that collection liad been, overthrown, rose, under the protection is full of allusions to the gifted race, whilst even of the common people, to the supreme power, mediaeval Celtic literature is strongly tinged the next step being the abolition of tyranny with the pro-Greek tradition. The great popu- and the establishment of democracy in its room. larity enjoyed by the goddess Minerva among “ Among, the Gauls ” (says Dr. Macbain) “ we the pagan Celts lends additional colour to the have distinct traces of all these phenomena,,” theory ventilated above. and ha cites Caesar’s evidence to the effect that I suggest, too, that it was from the Pythar when the Roman invaded Gaul he found there goreans that the Celts drew their notions everywhere, the sulking and plotting representa- touching the soul and its survival after death. tives of fallen dynasties,” Celtillus, the father Much nonsense has been written about the of Vercingetorix, suffered deposition as a, mon- Druid—quite as much as has been written arch ; and the rebellion of his illustrious son touching, in the sense in which I am now writing, was as . much concerted in order to secure the an allied topic, namely, the pretended imprac- restoration of the fallen rulers as it was to put ticability of travel in Europe in times anterior an end to the Roman power in Gaul. to the advent of Rome as a world-power. The Caesar informs us that the Celtic beliefs and fine Celtic roads that traversed middle Europe notions about religion were “ much the same carried, doubtless, other and more precious as those of other peoples.” Which amounts to merchandise than goods and gear ; and for my saying that their essentials were drawn from part I see no reason whatever why the Celtic Aryan- sources. He tells us, however, that the philosophers of old (to whom there are many god whom the Gauls most revere is Mercury, references in the earliest extant specimens of whose , images abound. He is regarded as the Celtic literature), should not have corresponded inventor of all arts and the pioneer and guide with their Greek confreres and have imbibed of travellers ; and he is believed to- be all-power- of the well-springs of philosophic thought in ful in promoting commerce (to which, like the Greece. We are to remember that that Celtic Greeks, the Celts were extraordinarily addicted) mob Hit as, which so much astonished Caesar, and the acquisition of wealth. “ Next to him was as well mental as physical, however slow- they reverence Apollo, Mars, Jupiter, and .Min- witted the modern Celts of Scotland and Wales erva.” Unfortunately, Caesar does not give us may be. the Celtic names of the various deities he men- R. Erskine op Marr. tions ; and though many efforts have been made to equate them with gods and goddesses, figur- TWEEDS—Guaranteed Genuine by An ing in early Celtic literature nevertheless, no Comunn Gaidhealach—sold by R. G. Lawrie, appearance, of certainty in this respect has yet 60 Renfield Street, Glasgow. Suits and been attained, save, perhaps, in one or two. Costumes made. AN DEO-GREINE. CRUINN-EOLAS: ALBA. burgh, Uphall, Philipatoun agus Bathgate. Le D. Urchadan. An Linnliothgobh (an ceann-bhaile) tha seann luchairt anns an d’ rugadh Ban-righ Mairi. Is 15.—Clachmhannain. aim an so a chaidh Seumas Stiubhart, larla Is i Clachmhaimain siorrachd as lugha an Mhoreibh a mhort. ’Se Bathgate am bail© as Alba. Tha i eadar an Abhuinn Dubh (Forth) mo. Tha Bo-neas ’na phort-guail iomraiteach. agus na Cnocan Ochaill. Ged tha moran guail Tha Poit-na-Ban-righ Deas aig ceann deas ri fhaotainn, tha seallaidhean breagha an ait- Drochaid Forth. eachan. Is iad Drochaid na Tururaich agus Linn© Choir©, eas mhdr, an da chuspair as iom- raiclit© anns an duthaich. Is e Clachmhannain BELL-RINGING SALMON an ceann-bhaile ach cha ’n ’eil e idir cho adhart- In connection with the continuity of Gaelic ach ri Alloa, bail© puirt bho’m bheil moran •tradition, the following notes are of interest. guail agus iaruinn air an giulan. Tha leann The ancient tale of Cano mac Gartnain, from the agus portair ’gan deanamh, agus tha am bail© Yellow Book of Lecan, relates that Gartnan had ainmeil air son sn'iomh cloimhe. Tha Tul- his dwelling in an isle called Inis meic lichen, achchidtraidh agus Alabha a’ figheadh clo- Where this isle lay the story does not tell; it gallda agus ghuailleachan. may have been off Skye, for Cano came from 16.-—Sruighlea. Scf (Skye). However that may be, Gartnan’s Tha an t-siorrachd so a’ ruigheachd bho Loch island home was the best constructed in the Laomuinn gus a’ Cliaoil Litich. Air taobh an West of the World, and opulent besides. Seven Ear an locha, tha Beinn Laomuinn a’ togail a teams of six he had for ploughing. Seven herds cinn am measg nan neul, agus anns an taobh he bad, with seven score cattle in ©ach herd. Deas tha Monadh Champsaidh. Anns an Fifty nets for wild deer out from the isle (i.e., taobh Tuath tha monaidhean mora breagh- on the mainland). Fifty nets for fishing. sheallach, agus anns a’ mheadhon tha. comhnard Those fifty fish-nets had fifty cords attached to freagarrach gu aiteach. Ri cois a’ chladaich them, which passed through the windows of the gheibhear gual a.gus iarunn. Ann an comh- kitchen, and at the end of each cord was a little cheangal ri eachdraidh Alba,, chuireadh blar bell on the wainscot before the house-steward. aig Drochaid Slmiighl©a, Allt-nam-Bonnach Four men were stationed at the knoll where the (Bhan-chnuic), Allt-sliachaidh, an Eaglais-bhric salmon appeared first as they swam up. agus Cill-saoidhe. An Sruighlea, an ceann- Gartnan himself meanwhile sat on his cushioned bhaile, tha seann chaisteal air creig aird. Tha seat and drank mead, like Alcinous in the oibrichean mora ann anns am bheil clo-gallda Odyssey. The time is the first half of the agus breacanan air am figheadh, carbadan seventh century: Cano died in 687 a.d. grinne, ac-fhuinn tuatlianaich agus uidheaman I have come across two parallels to this meineachd. Tha tobraichean slainteil agus ingenious device whereby the salmon, so to aimsir bhlath a’ deanamh ait© iomraiteach de speak, rung their own knell. The late Reverend Dhrochaid Ailein. Faisg air an Eaglais-bhric Angus Mackay relates that “ Reginald Chien tha obair-iaruinn mhdr Charruinn, meineachd (c. 1350) built a house on the banks of the guail is iaruinn. Bha na feilltean cruidh aon Thurso river at its exit from Loch Mdr, so con- uair gle ainm©il. Tha mdran de thoradh Tir- nected with salmon cruives in the stream that a rridr na h-Eorpa a,’ tighinn gu tir aig Beul- bell rang in the house whenever a salmon ghrainnse, air chor agus gur © fear d© na puirt became entangled in the cruives. The same as mo tha an Alba. B’ aim an so a bha an story is current in Strathnaver, witli regard to garadh-luingeas aig Righ Seumas IV., a thog a’ similar structures by him on the river Naver, cheud luingeas Albanach. somewhere near Achness.” (Book of Mackay, 17.—Linnliothgobh (Gleann Iucha no p. 56.) Lodainn an Iar). In an appendix to Pennant’s Tour of 1769, the Tha Lodainn an lar a’ ruith bho’n Chaol Reverend Alexander Pop©, minister of Reay, Liteach mu choig mil© deug gu deas agus tha states: '‘Up the river (Thurso) stands an old an duthaich comhnard ri cladach ach ag eirigh ruin, called Lord Chein’s, or Ronald Chein’s, mar theid neach gu deas gus afti bheil i 700 hunting house. He was the Nimrod of that troidh air aird©. Tha tri ceathramhnan de’n age, spending a great part of his time in that Lsiorrachd air ait,each, agus tha, gual is iarunn exercise. The house stood at the outlet of a air an oibreachadh; an gual gu h-araidh aig loch, called Loch-more, the source of the river Bo-neas agus Bathgate, agus an t-iarunn an Thurso, which abounds with salmon. Ronald sgireachdan Bho-nis, Obarcorn, Torphichen agus Chein had a cruiv© on this river, with a, bell so Bhathgate. Tha ola-mhbr (paraffin) air a dea- constructed that when a fish tumbled in the namh aig Dailmheinnidh, Broxburn, Winch- cruive the bell rang.” AN DEO-GREINE. 12? The other is from Lachlan Shaw, the early Alex. Finlayson, President; Miss MacRae, eighteenth century historian, of Moray. “ On Earbusaig School, Treasurer; and Mr Urquhart, the West bank of the river (Spey), where now Kyle, Secretary. This branch contributed £5 the passage boat of Gartenmore crosseth, stood 17s to the funds of the Comunn. The Secre- the house of Gumming of Glenchernich, as yet tary read short papers on “ The Wanderings of called Bigla’s House, because Bigla, heiress of the Celts,” “ Personal Names,” and “ Loch- Glenchemich, married to the Laird of Grant, maree,” gave readings regularly, being ably was the last of the Cummines that enjoyed that assisted by the story-telling of Messrs A. land. The house stood on a green moat, fenced Mathison and D. Cameron. Vocal talent was by a dry ditch, the vestiges of which are yet to well to the fore, the principal performers being be seen. A current tradition beareth that at Misses B. Finlayson, M. Mathison, MacLemlan, night a salmon net was cast out into the pool J. Finlayson, J. Murchison, and J. Mathisdn, below the wall of the house, and a small rope, and Messrs Wm. and K. Mathison, A, Beaton, tied to the net and brought in at the window, and D. Maclnnes. Not a sentence of English had a bell hung at it, which rung when a salmon was spoken during the whole session. Loch- came into and shook the net.” carron Branch made an excellent start when the Readers of Dr. A. Carmichael’s “ Deirdre ” old secretary, Mr Finlay Murchison, gave a Avill recall that when Naois had his home on delightful symposium of folklore and local Loch Ness side, “ he could kill the salmon of the poetry, accompanying the old songs on his rapid stream out of the door” (mharbhadh e violin. Rev. J. MacLacldan is the successful bradan a’ bhoinne bhrais a mach air an dorus). president of this very live Branch, and Mr John We are not told, however, that Naois had the MacLean could not be improved on for the signal system used by Gartnan, the Chien and secretaryship. Mr Urquhart visited the the Gumming. Branch on 9th April and gave a Gaelic paper. W. J. W. Owing to the large number of non-Gaelic speaking supporters the affairs of the Branch AN COMUNN IN SOUTH-WEST ROSS. are a pleasing blend of Gaelic and English. It was a cheering experience to spend “ Oidhche By D, Urquhart, M.A. air Cheilidh ” in Lochcarron, and a deep With your permission 1 should like to tell pleasure to enjoy the hospitality of Mr and Mrs your readers of the progress made in this MacLachlan. It was impracticable to insti- quarter during the winter. It was near the tute a Ceilidh either in Plockton or Dornie for close of last year before we sufficiently last winter. Were there one or two enthusiasts recovered from the awful memories of 1914-18 in each place who would combat apathy and to take up the broken thread of our normal provide the healthy intellectual stimulus of' existence, and it was on 19th December that Gaelic readings, songs, lectures, and debates, the first Comunn meeting held in the district we have no doubt the accommodation, as at took place in the Lochalsh School. The Rev. Earbusaig and Loclicarron, would be the only J. MacLean presided, a committee was worry of the promoters. ' In view of the appointed, and the session commenced there encouragement I met in unexpected quarters and then by a paper on the “Characteristics and the enthusiastic appreciation of all efforts, of the Ancient Celts,” illustrated by quotations I feel that there is cause for hope for the from classical authors. The lecturer (Mr D. future, and I for one look forward to a real Urquhart, Kyle) was cordially thanked. The renascence during next session. office-bearers are: — President, Rev. J. MacLean; Secretary and Treasurer, Miss MacDonald, Kirkton. Mr Montgomery agreed REVIEW. to conduct a class in Gaelic Reading. The class, unfortunately, had to> be abandoned. THETannahill, SCOTTISH Perth, REVIEW. Edinburgh: IJ6. 74Milne George & The meetings were held monthly, and Mr Street. Urquhart paid a second visit in February, when The editor of the “ Scottish Review” wields he read a> short paper on “ Lochmaree” and a facile pen. It is stinging when occasion gave several Gaelic readings. Miss Mathison al-iSes—none the worse for that. Those who and Mr J, A. MacRae contributed songs. Mr live at ease within the shelter of stereotyped MacRae also narrated a sgeulaehd, “ Am worldopinions of doideas not islike moving to be quicklydisturbed. in ourBut times, the Piobaire Bertg.” and is apt to give short shrift to things that are An effort, to revive the Kyle Branch failed, opposed to the spirit of the new age, and, willy- but a meeting called at Earbusaig School (1^ circumstances.nilly, people mustThe trydoctrine to adapt of “ themselveslaissez-faire to mile distant) was most encouraging, and a most is out of date. Things are not to be allowed to enthusiastic Branch was formed here, with Mr go their own way, and a policy of non-interfer- 128 AN DEO-GREINE. ence in matters that make for the general good willSince no longerthe “ beScottish tolerated. Review ” started in its presentiscottish form,that itwere has broughtapt to tobe the forgotten front things or Skye Homespun thingsignored that by arethe intimately ‘ ‘ Predominant bound upPartner with ’the ’— adequateweal of treatmentthe Scottish from nation. competent These writers,receive Cheviot Tweed & numberand are theworthy editor of bringsattention. to a closeIn the his present very interesting1 contributions on the “ Folk of the differenceGrail. ' Theyof opinion, may butprovoke they arecriticism free fromand Motor Reversible Cloths. importantdullness, and points the that“asides” are apt in to themescape lead one’s to notice, or be forgotten, such is the tyranny of DIRECT FROM LOOM TO modernwill not permitdemands. quotations. The space The at sameour disposalapplies toWe the would continued suggest articles, to Gaels: “ HowHow wouldwould itit do?do to” WEARER larlystudy thatScottish part Historyof the countryin detail, known and particu-as the (AS SUPPLIED TO ROYALTY.) Highlands?Mr William ” Diack contributes an informative fits.article Mron theH. C.“ ScottishMacNeacail Mines does ” and the their same pro- on the “ Scottish Language Historically.” He Patterns and Prices on Application languagesays with entitled truth, to“there be styled is onlythe Scottishone living lan- derguage, how and many that Gaels language are aware is Gaelic.” of this. WeIn won- our time a good deal is being written on what is Portree Wool Mill Co., Ltd. callednothing “ Broadmore Scots,”than slovenlywhich in English. most cases For is slovenlyexample, English.the words, Dunbar “ Scots would wha have hae written ” is (G. Dept.), 13 HIGH ST., INVERNESS “ ThereScots thetare hes.”other articles of interest in this deservesspring number a wide ofsupport. the “ Scottish Review.” It AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH, RELIEFIMMEDIATE FROM A C!'T'H1 niVlA, J%/I A COLDS,COUGHS. &c. Amount previouslyPUBLICATION acknowledged FUND. ... £127 16 0 ProceedsMrs Burnley of Glendaruel Campbell, Concert, per 17 9 8 Donation from Kyle Branch, per Rev. fl/T a / \ rx | Maori Cigarettes affords instant ProceedsG. W- ofMackay, Concerts in ...Skye, per J. 5 17 0 *V I relief from Asthma, Chronic G. Mackay, Esq., 30 0 0 Bronchitis, Coughs and Colds, Donation from Lochcarron Branch, o 0 0 CIGARETTES robbing these distressing troubles £186 2 8 of their terrors by gaining OBAN MOD FUND. perfect control over all attacks. Mrs.Previously J. Simpson, acknowledged, Edinburgh, ... £200 05 0 Price 2 6 Very Rev. J. C. Russell, B.D., Edin- per Box of 30. Col.burgh, Campbell of Inverneill, 110 0 0 Wm.D Sutherland, Cameron, Esq.,Esq., M.A.,Partick, Scone, ... 0 5 0 Rev.Miss MurielA. M. Macfarlane,E. Maitland, Lochend, Stockwell, ... 010 7 60 From all Chemists, or Post Free from DonaldDavid Russell,MacGregor, Esq., Esq., Markinch, Crianlarich, ... 100 5 0 DOUGLAS BROS., KS?|, Scone, Perth W. C. 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Postage 3d. extra. Publishedin bySchools An Comunnand Gaelic Gaidhealach Classes. for use AN DEO-GREINE Leabhar XV.] Darna Mios an t-Samhraidh, ig20. [Earrann 9. laidh e roimh seo. Thoisich e ri dranndail CLAR-INNSIDH. aims an Taobh Dea.s greis mu ’n d’ thainig an cogadh oimn. Thainig an dranndail gu Cor na Dutheha Aig an Am, 129 comhartaich a nis. Le earball cochte tha, e a’ TheExecutive Census Council, of 1921 and Gaelic, - - - - - 1)3431 toirt neo-ar-thaing dhuinn uile. Tha am AnPropaganda Da Mharsanta—The Campaign, Two Merchants, ....1 13538 bus-iall air tuiteam o shroiii, agus tha, e fhein Leaving Certificate Examination, 1920, 139 is a chairdean air an raon a ghlacadh. Chaidh TheCruinn-Eolas: Secretary's Alba, Page, 11041 iad an oomh-bhann cho eifaachdach a thaobh a’ Moladh Ghlinne Comhann, 142 ghniomhachais ris a bheil beaitha, is malairt na LetterAn Comunn to the Concerts, Editor, 14342 Rioghachd an crochadh, is nach eil ac’ an diugh ach sireadh agus gheibh iad, air neo cuiridh iad a’ bheairt a mach as a riagliailt. COR NA DUTHCHA AIG AN AM. Cha ’n ’eil dol as aig na maighistearan ach an rud as fearr a dh’ fhaodas iad a, dheanamh; Am beachd mhoran cha, ’n ’eil cor na Gaidh- tha iad eadar a bliaobh ’sa, bhuarach. Ciod e ealtaclid taitueach aig an am, gu li-araidli aims a nitear riutha? Cuip nan con a ghabhail na. h-eileana.n siar. Ged is a a’ Ghaidhe<- dhaibli? Bha uair ann agus b’e sin an doigh achd as faisge air m’ inntinn, dh’ fhaodainn a —aims an t-seadh shamhlachail. Ach an dhol na b’ fhaide le bln ag aithiis nach eil cor diugh; am fear a bha an iochdar tha e coltach na h-Albann gu leir taitneach air iomadh gur h~e a, tha gus a bhi an uachdar, agus ’sann doigh. Ciamar a bhitlieadli an deidh na aig an Agh tha brath air an rian a. tha, an dan thachair. Air Galltaclid tha nithean air do chiiisean mu’n teid moran bhliadhnachan teachd gu h-aon ’s gu dha, mar a theirear, air seachad. chor agus gu’n. d’ fhuair an seann rian am buille * * * bais bho luchd na saothrach. Is fada o’n Cha ’n fhiosrach mi gu’n d’ rainig teas na h- chuala. simi na foca.il, “ the bottom doy,” ’se sin anshocrach ’san Taobh Deas gu criochan na r’a radii na. crev.tairean a bha a,’ saorachadh gu Gaidhealtachd fhathast, ach tha mi a’ cluinntinn goirt fo chuing luclid an earrais air tuaia.sdal gu’n deach tuarasdal bochd laithean m’ oige a bochd. 0 chionn bhliadhnachan bha an cu a thilgeadh a leth taobh. Bha, an bam ann. Air b’ isle a.’ fas anshocrach. Bha e a’ tionndadh feadh eileanan siar na Gaidhealtachd tha collaid is a’ cur char dheth fhein, mar gu’m biodh e nach beag r’a chluinntinn mu chor a’ phobuill a’ strith ri faighinn air sgaioil am measg nam a thaobh gainnead bhataichean-bathair. Sliaoil- feadhnach a bha na b’ fhearr dheth na e fhein. eadh tu gur h-ann a dliichuimlmich luchd- Mar bu mho a dh’ fheachadh ri a smacdachadh, riaghlaidh an Lunnainn gu robh na, h-eileanan ’sann bu duilghe a. bha e a chiosnachadh. Cha siar idir ann. Leigeadh led a, bhi a,’ cruinn- ’n ’eil ann ach amaideachd a bhi a’ saoilsinn eachadh loin mar a b’ fhearr a, dh’ fhaodadh gu mair rian ama,nnan gun atharrachadh. Cha iad—a h-uile fear a,’ toirt sgairbh a creagan dha ’n urrainn dut do shail a chumail air a chu as fhein. Ach tha fios againn uile gu robh aon isle fad an bsiubhail, ce bith cho satnhach ’sa am araidh ann arms nach deach an di-chuimh- 130 AN DEO GREINE. lifiachadh—am a’ chniaidh cliais an uair a bha a, mach o mhithean ! Nach bu bhoidheach an a’ mhuinutir a bha ’n iiibhe lei earraa is fearaim dealbh ged nach robh aim, ach am plathadh a fo uamhann. gu’u tuiteadh aai rioghachd gu dhallas. An uair a thainig feath; an uair a staid iosal. Fhearabh ’sa dlxaoine sin far an cliaidli an cunnart a sealladh, ciod e a, thachair ? robh an othail ag cruinneachadli- dhaoin© as aai Direach an rud ris am biodh liughair aig neach tir a blia riamh ainmedl mao ionad altrnmaich toinisgeil ’sain bith a mheoraicheas air cho laoich. Cha, robh gainnead bhataichean- caochlaideach ’sa tha, nadur a chinno daoima,, deaithaich ann an uair sin a chum gillean is cho doirbh ’sa, tha © gne na feinealachd smiorail a’ sguabadh gu raon iia, diachaimi, ged fhuadach. Ruith gach calaman riomliach— a ehithear gainne a nis, an, uair a, tha Ion is firionn is boirioim—air iteig gu an uirmeagan goireasan a dhith air nai sen id a fhuair as le’m fhein mar gu’n biodh iad a’ cronan, “ Cha, ’n baatha, crioplaicht© mar tha iad ’nam bodhaig, ann d© mo chuideachd thvi : tha, an rudha ud gun bhruidhimi air an iuchd-daimh a bha ri seachad.” Thainig a, chuid a bu fhortanaiche br6n ’nan, amhSinn fhein. d© na saighdearan air ais, ach cha, bu leir dhaibh ullachadh air an son, no cothrom air lamb a Na,ch iomadh uair a ohuala sin.n gu bheil chur ri saothair a, shabhaileadh o’n deirc© iad. meaghar a phobuill amnhmm is geair. Cha Tha seachd mil© deiig dhiubh mar sin fhathast. mhor na,ch d’ rainig an radh sen gu ire gnath- fhocail. Smaonich air na, geallaidhean a Bho chionn ghoirid tharruing na paipeir can sgaoileadh tha,11 ’sa bhos an uair a bha an naidheachd aire na, diithcha gu droch caradli coga,dli ’na sheusda.r, Bha an duthaich o thigh nan ©ilea,nan siar a thaobh bhataichean a Iain. Ghrota an Gallaibh gu iochdar Shasuinn gu ghiiilaineadh litrichean is bathar gu’n ignnsaigh. bhi air a deanamh freagarrach mar aite comh- A reir na bha mi a’ leughadh, bha muinntir an nuidh do ghaisgich. Am bheil aon againn a, Eilein Sgitheanaich gann de bhiadh ’s de chi comharradh air surd no saod a, chum seo a ghoifeasan ©ile mu dheireodh a’ gheamhraidh a thoirt. mu ’n, cuairt, air feadh na Gaidhealtachd 'l chaidh seachad. Cha. ’n ’eil e ’na. ni eireachda.il Gun teagamh ’sann, uidh air n-uidh a thogar an gu’m biodh dearmad air a dheanamh air ceara caisteal, agus cha do, thogadh an Rdimh an aon ’sam bith d© ’n Ghaidhealtachd, no, gu’m biodh la. Gidheadh bu mhath leinn beaga.n a bharr- i an cunnart i i bhi teann air oir na gorta. le cion aclid sa,oid fhaicinn a tliaobh gnothuch cho bhataichean-deathaich a bhi taoghail mar a, b’ cudthromach. An, am a’ chogaidh bha daoine abhaist. Is ann am meinn, na,m bataichean sin deas-bh riatliracl i ri laisneiachd mu ’n am a tha na, h-eilaanan air son min choirce is fhhr, aghmlior a tha romhainn—boilich nach tig gu agus ma, theid iad seachad gun taoghal aig cuid buil fhad ’sa, bhios aigne is nadur mhic-an- d© na puirt, cha bhi na, cioitearan ach loin gu duine a’ cumail ris a,n t-saan chlais mar bu dual. leor. Tha mi a’.cluinntinn nach robh suidh Ma tha diiil ri leasachadh tairbheartach, feu mar eachadh nan Sgitheanach cho tior thruagh ’sa barrachd speis a thoirt do na, subhailcean bha, an t-iomradh a’ cur an ceil, ged a bha iad beusail sin a. ni a,' bhunait a leagar seasmhhach. dona gu leor dheth. Saoilidh mi gu bheil e mar fhiaohadh air Tigh-Gnothuich na, h-Albann Ann a, bhi a’ toirt fainear geallaidhean is suidheachadh nan eilea nan a leasachadh, ged faisneachd, maille ri rolaistean de gach sebrsa nach biodh © ach air sgath na, h-iobairt a thug a chaidh ©ubhach air na cnuic a chum aire an ia d so a, , a’ dion na diithcha. Tha mdran a Usluaigh a ghlacadh, bhuail e shuas onn air la dhith air a,’ Gaidhealtachd mu’m bidh i freag- araidh sail a thoirt, air paipeir seachdaneil do’n arrach mar “ ait© comhnuidh do gliaisgich.” ainm Public Opinion. Thearainn mi gach Ach ’se fearann bunait a,’ ghnothuich. As aireamh dheth bho ’n la a bhris a,u cogadh a aonais sin, cha bhi a’ Ghaidhealtachd ’na mach gus an la a, thainig fo,sa,dh air a,’ chbmh- Gaidliealtachd. Gus an teid a, breacadh 1© raig. A leithid d© bheachdan is de fhaisneachd gabhaltais bheaga, cha, ’n fhaicear tuar —arm an caiimt fhinealta, gun teagamh—lo cinneadail oirre. daoine inbheach is foghluimte mu ’n t-saoghal uuadh a, bha a, reir an dealbh-inntinn aca.san, Tha, n,a, h-uiread de uachda.rain a nis cha, ’n ann a, mhain air faire, ach, cha, mhor, toganach air earrann, de ’n oighreachdan a reic ’nar measg! Blia, iochd is gradh is fmghantas ri Bold an Tuathanachais. Tlui, Maclebid a’ dol a chur nithean an ordugh a chum an tir Dhunbheagain dednach air dealachadh li roinn nil© a dheanamh mar nadur do fhor-dhorus gu mhoir de fhearann. Cha, ’n ’eil uachdara.n air Paras! Bha daoine a,’ dol a dh’ fhas cho Gaidhealtachd a, choisinn a, leithid de bhiiithas cairdeil is cho conaltrach mar gu’m biodli iad air son a, thioralachd do’n t-sluagh air ’oigh- air a locradh gu staid na tiusalaehd, air chor reachd ris an t^seaim duine choir. Tha a,gus nach ■biooh e soirbh maithean a. dlieanamh Sgitheanaich toilicht© gu’n do chum an teagh- AN DEO-GREINE. 131 lack greiim air caisteal an Duin agus an Cuilionn, ness ; Miss E. L. Johnston, Strathtay; Mr. T. majlle ri Heliblial mhor is Heliblial bbeag. Aim D. Macdonald, Oban ; Rev. M. N. Munro, Tay- a bhi a’ meoraohadli air gacb car a tha tighinn nuilt; Mr. Alex. Fraser, Yoker; Mr. Angus air an t-saoghal, gu h-araidh air ciiisean na Henderson, Stirling; Rev. T. S. Macpherson, Gaidhealtachd, tliainig an scan radh seo a stigh Glasgow ; Mr. H. F. Campbell, Aberdeen, etc. orm : " Tba muileannan Dlie a bleith air an soca.ir, ach tlia iad a’ bleith amabarrach min.” The Work of Fostering Gaelic. * * * The President, in moving the adoption of Tha sinn a cluinntinn mdran an diugh mu’n the report of the Propaganda Committee, fheum a dheanadh rathaideaii iaruinn, no which mainly recommended that an appeal for carbadan ola, do’n Ghaidliealtachd a chum financial support of An Comunn should be malairt a bheothachadh’s a chur air bomi. Clia made to the Gaelic-speaking people in the ’n ’eil teagamh nach deanadli, ach ’si a’ cheud Colonies, said he wished to make some observa^ cheist a dh’ fhaighnicheas cuideachd an tions with some regard to the work of that carrais :—“Am paidh an t-saothair? ” Gus an Committee, of which he was Convener. Some teid ga.bhaltais bheaga a shocrachadh air mhodh of his remarks might bear upon the work of a fhraagras do’n Ghaidhealtachd is e mo bharail other Committees, but they were all meant nach paidh. Chat do phaidh rat.had iaruinn to help on the work of An Comunn Gaidheal- Mhalaig fhatliast. Dh’ fhaodadh carbadan ola ach. In the first place, he had to thank the an oire a sheasamh na’n deantadh seol air organisers of concerts throughout the country meadhonan gniomhachais a shuidheachadh who had done so magnificently, in the direction Dheanadh e feum mdr na’n rachadh laimrigean of making these, concerts a success, and in send- a chur an ordugh a chum dion nan iasgairean ing very liberal sums of money to headquarters aig am a’ chunnairt, oir tha saibhreas ri Dr. Watson especially had made a strong chosnadh le bhi a’ saothrachadh ri iasgachd. appeal for help for the publications fund. The Feumaidh seo uile airgead is innealan nach appeal had been made so heartily and earnestly gann. C’aite am faighear sin? Is ceist i that he (Mr. Mackay) took it up and tried to nach ’eil soirbli a freagairt mur faighear iasad see what could be done. Something had been bho sporan na rioghachd. Tha, aon rud done by the Comunn and through the country, cudthromach ami a bheir mi fainear amis a and it was his earnest desire that the appeal chomh-dhimadh. Mur deanar a,’ Ghaidh- might l>e responded to as heartily and ealtachd freagarrach do Ghaidheil, air chor agus generously as possible. They could not get gu’n coisinn iad cuibhrionn chuibheasach de too much money. While he was very fond nithean, maithe na beatlia, seo, bidh cunnart of music, he was anxious that literature aim gu fag iad i. Ma. thachras sin falbhaidh should be kept to the front by the Comunfi, an spiorad Gaidhealach ’nan cois, agus cha bhi and that they should be in a position feum air Gaidhlig an uair a, gheibh an coigreach to publish Gaelic books from time to titne. cead a choise a dheanamh rithe mar a thogras Reading classes were very helpful, and they e. Biodhmaid air ar faicill eagal ’s gu’n would be surprised to know how many clergy- atharraichear ar coinnleir as aite. men and others were quietly teaching and stimulating the study of Gaelic from Ross-shire to Arran. In connection with their tours in the North, he had to express his appreciation EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. of Mr. Neil Shaw’s (the Secretary) services. He did not know if the Executive quite realised A meeting of the Executive Council of An the value of his personality. He had been Comumi Gaidhealach was held in the Royal most successful in these tours, by his gracious British Hotel, Perth, on 8th May, when the manner, and, above all, his capacity of speech Rev. G. W. Mackay, president, occupied the in the Gaelic. Nothing could have been more chair. There was a very good attendance, congenial than the relations between them. It those present including Dr. W. J. Watson was one of great friendship, and the work went and Mrs. E. C. Watson, Edinburgh; Mrs. J. on very well. R. Colquhoun, Glasgow Inverness-shire Associa- There was one difficulty in connection with tion ; Mr. R. H. Matheson, Dundee Gaelic the Propaganda work in the North, he con- Musical Association; Mrs. Margaret Mackay, tinued. Certain classes seemed to think that Comunn nan Fineachan, Dundee; Mr. Colin An Comunnif was merely a musical business, and Sinclair, Glasgow; Mr. Archibald Stewart, from time to time they congratulated him on Ca.mbusla.ng; Mr. P. Macdougall Pullar, Glas- his appointment to the Presidentship of the gow ; Mrs. Chriatison, Glasgow; Mr. M. Mac- Mod. They had tried to disillusion them, of leod, Glasgow; Mr. Ruari Macleoid, Inver- that, and he thought the Mod and Music Coin- 132 AN DEO-GREINE. mittee might do something in that direction. He wanted to bring forward one other pro- He \va,s very pleased that they had such an posal. In the past, the Highlands and Islands exceptionally good meeting. It was a big Committee of the General Assemblies had done battle that lay before them; it was to be a a great deal for them, beginning the move- fight, and everyone who meant business must ment that helped SO' thoroughly towards the put a certain amount of time and money, nerve passing of the Gaelic clause of the Education and blood, and heart and soul into it, other- Act in the House of Commons. Be thought wise there would be no success. It was now they should again approach the General or never. They had got a chance which they Assemblies of the Churches on the day when never had before through the Gaelic clause in the Highlands and Islands reports were given the Education Act. in by means of a deputation, and elicit still He thought the propaganda work of the further their interest in that cause. He also Comunn would be advanced if they divided the agreed that they should approach the Colonies. country into provinces, following the plan of It was a, pity it had not been done long ago. other organisations, notably the Church. For He lived two years in Canada himself, and had instance, there was Lewis, Skye, Sutherland found in many places a, keen and intelligent and East Ross, West Ross, Easter Inverness, interest in and appreciation of Gaelic language Wester Ross, Inverness, Islay and Jura, with and culture. another three in Argyll and one in Perth. Mrs. E. C. Watson, Edinbuigh, seconded, There would be a Council in each with a Presi- and in doing so, suggested that Mr. Mackay dent, Executive and officials, and they could lay might visit the Gaelic classes for teachers upon them the responsibility of promoting the during the summer, and speak to them before Comunn and organising the work within their they broke up. He might do some propar own bounds. They must keep that in view, ganda work in that way, and perhaps help to but they could not proceed with such a scheme raise more enthusiasm for the Gaelic among the until they got some more branches formed. teachers. The report was approved of. Gaelic Inspectors for Gaelic Areas. The Finance Committee reported a, credit There was another point which the Educa- balance of £212 ; and Mr. Alexander Fraser tion Committee might keep in view. They moved the adoption of the report. The ques- must see to it that when inspectorships in the tion of an honorarium for local Mod Secretaries, Gaelic-speaking areas became vacant, men he said, had been deferred till the next meeting with a knowledge of Gaelic should in every of the Committee. case be appointed. He would make a special Mr. P. Macdougall Pullar, Glasgow, seconded, appeal to the members of the Executive to and the report was adopted. use their influence with their friends to try and buy as many Gaelic books as possible and Gaelic Teaching for Children. to get other people to buy them. Nothing Mr. F. H. Campbell, advocate, Aberdeen, had impressed him more than seeing the small who moved the adoption of the report of the number of Gaelic books and papers in many Education Committee, said the members of the houses where he expected to see them. He Executive would remember their former meet- thought that by bringing the matter before ing at Stirling. They had followed in a them more might be done in that way. Many humble fashion the policy which the President yeara ago he recommended the holding of then set forth of dividing the Highlands into Flag Days over the whole of Scotland for the provinces, but instead of doing so in an collection of funds, and he thought these should elaborate way, they contented themselves with be organised next year. two—the South Highlands with Glasgow as the One thing which struck him very much in his capital, and the North Highlands with Inver- tours was the attendance of school children at ness as headquarters. They would observe their meetings. If in childhood these children from the minute what Mr. Macleod had were instructed more intelligently in Scottish reported in regard to Glasgow. So far as history, and not taught to look upon it from a Argyllshire was concerned, the Education non-Celtic or English point of view, there would Authority there had circularised the county have been a much more intelligent knowledge to ascertain what parents desired their children of their aims and much more sympathy in to be instructed in Gaelic in the schools, and them. He suggested to the Mod and Music had received replies from the parents of nearly Committee that they might consider the hold- 4,000^ children asking that their children should ing of next year's National Mod further North, be so instructed. That was a great advance, by which action a good deal might be done to but nothing had been done by other Authori- advance the Gaelic cause. ties so- far. The Education Authority of AN DEO-GREINE. 133 Argyllshire were also determined to assist the Gaelic teachers to attend the special classes in her asking her to sing in nothing but Gaelic. Glasgow, and were to increase their salaries The report was approved of. by £20 a year. That was very encouraging, The Publications Committee recommended and they all desired that other Authorities payment of a grant of £100 towards the publi- throughout the Highlands would follow that cation of a Gaelic grammar, and on the motion admirable example. As regards Perthshire, it of Rev. T. S. Macpherson, seconded by Mr. had been reported that the Executive Officer of Angus Henderson, this was agreed to. the County of Perth was personally quite desir- ous to forward and encourage the attendance of The Mon Competitions. any Gaelic teachers in the County at the special The Rev. M. N. Munro, Taynuilt, submitted classes. the report of the Mod and Music Committee. In regard to Inverness-shire, he could only The final syllabus for the Mod at Oban had say that they were carrying on the work not been prepared yet., he said, while the list reported to the last Executive Committee. It of adjudicators for the music and literary com- had practically been arranged that there should petitions had not been completed. After going be three courses of lectures in Gaelic at Inver- over a list of new competitions, Mr. Munro ness. Unfortunately, since their last meeting, moved the adoption of the report, and Mr. T. progress in remaining Scottish towns on the D. Macdonald seconded. proposed Gaelic map had been interrupted by Mr. Angus Henderson said he had been pre- the death of Dr. Bartholomew, but the work sent at a meeting of the Mod and Music 'Com- was being carried on by his son. mittee, and his recollection of the proceedings Regarding the President’s remarks about a was that nine-tenths of it was music and one- deputation to the Assemblies, Mr. Campbell tenth literature. He did not disparage music pointed out that there had been a Standing at all; he would like that more should be done Committee of the Church of Scotland for nearly for music if that was possible; but at the same a, century known as the Education Committee. time he thought the literary side was slightly It was founded about 1825 or 1826, with the starved. Hei thought it was a great mistake, view of promoting education in the Highlands and he was almost forced to agree with the and Islands, and various legacies had been left Chairman that some people regarded that Asso- for that purpose. When the School Boards ciation as a sort of sing-song affair. Not that took over in 1872, the General Assembly, in its the Committee was hostile to literary competi- wisdom, transferred the whole of that fund to tions, but at the same time most of those pre- the Glasgow, Edinburgh, St. Andrews, and sent at the meeting specialised in music. The Aberdeen Universities for the promotion of Comunn was now 20 years of age, and he religious instruction in the Colleges. At the thought it was high time they deVoted a little forthcoming General Assembly it, would be pro- more attention to literary culture than they had posed that the whole of the fund should be hitherto done, while not slacking on the music applied for the payment of directors of religious side. As a, matter of fact, he was inclined to instruction in provincial cities, which should be think that they should have a. separate com- provided for from public funds. If the depu- mittee for literature. tation did go to' the General Assembly, he hoped Rev. Mr. Munro said that with regard to Mr. they would not forget that point in regard to Henderson’s strictures, the Mod and Music Com- the Education Fund. mittee had always felt as keenly interested in Mr. T. D. Macdonald, Oban, seconded the literature as in music. Personally, it had been adoption of the report. a great pleasure to him to think out subjects Rev. T. S. Macpherson, Glasgow, said he was for literary subjects from year to' year, and if delighted that the response in Argyllshire was the competitions were less in number than pre- so good. viously, he did not think they were to blame. Mr. T. D. Macdonald said that in Kinloch- They had been recommended to economise, and leven eighty per cent, of the population spoke therefore some of the competitions had been Gaelic, and the parents of 400 children in Oban reduced. If the Executive was willing to lay had asked that the children be instructed in out mere money on literature, the Committee Gaelic. The country had done very well in some would be pleased to consider new and useful instances, but the procedure adopted had been competitions and justify their interest in harmful, and they did not approve of it, literature'. The public generally sent them Mrs. Colquhoun, Glasgow, said she happened money for prizes for musical competitions at to be in Kinlochleven recently, and was to sing the Mod. If those generous helpers would in both English and Gaelic at a concert. Before think of literature as well as music, it would be it started, however, a notice was sent round to a very admirable thing. 134 AN DEO GBEINE. The Chairman said that more money was any inquiry into the decline mf Gaelic speaking needed, and he would strongly urge a National more difficult, because it was impossible to dis- Flag Day for the purpose. cover in wlia.t part of a county any dispropor- The report, was adopted, and Mr. T. D. Mac- tionate decline took place in the decennial donald reported oni the preparations beipg period, and any effort, for the propagation or made in Oban for this year’s Mod, which is to encouragement of Gaelic that An Comunn, or be held there, and stated tliat the local Com- others, might make to neutralise that decline mittee was trying to get the Railway Station was thus impeded. for the Festival. An example of the working of this harmful On the motion of the Chairman, a large Com- change in the manner of showing the census mittee was appointed to appear- before the figures came under my notice recently. In a Assemblies and solicit their help and sympathy parish in one of the western counties it was in the work which the Comunn was doing. desired to resuscitate a Gaelic church, and Mr. T. D. Macdonald, in seconding, said they negotiations were proceeding with that object should try and impress upon the Assemblies to in view. One of the first questions arising try and keep up the supply of Gaelic-speaking was, naturally, the number of Gaelic speakers ministers in tire North. In Kinlochleven, in a in the parish, and considerable difference of Gaelic-speaking community, there was no opinion was expressed. The county consists Gaelic-speaking minister, although all the of seven islands, and the conditions and the Churches were represented. occupations of the population in these islands The President, Mr. Angus Hnderson, and Dr. are as diverse as the islands themselves, and and Mrs. Watson were appointed representa- liave considerable influence on the movements tives to the Celtic Congress in Edinburgh. of the population. Under these circumstances, It was agreed to remit, the question of getting it was impossible to accept for the parish in in touch with the Gaelic Societies in the Colonies question a proportionate figure of the change in to the Propaganda Committee. the number of the population as applicable to The extraordinary meeting of Executive that of the Gaelic speakers, and it. was ordy Council will be held at Crianlarich on Saturday, after many calculations were made with the 3rd July. relative figures of previous years that an approximate number was reached, and this num- ber presumed the same conditions obtaining throughout the period, which was unlikely. In THE CENSUS OF 1921 AND GAELIC. any case, the result arrived at was merely The Government departments concerned are approximate, but had the same method obtained now considering the arrangements for the forth- in stating the number of Gaelic speakers in the coming census of 1921, and it would be advis- census returns of 1911, as in former years, the able for the Executive of An Comunn Gaidheal- figure would have been available at once. ach to discuss at an early date its bearing on Here, then, is a practical application for the the Gaelic language and the work of An census figures of Gaelic speakers, and the 1911 Commxn. returns failed to provide the information. If One point in particular I desire to draw the the returns cannot serve a practical pur-pose of attention of the Executive to is the manner in this kind, what, is the use of including the Gaelic which the statistics of Gaelic were shown in the figures 1 This is one reason for suggesting last census returns. Previous to 1911 the that the Executive of An Comunn might give Gaelic statistics were shown in every division of the matter serious consideration, and I think these returns, and if the number of Gaelic many other- useful pur-poses are equally obvious. speakers in any part, of the country, however As already suggested, the decline of Gaelic in small, was required, it. was available. Thus, we any district would be discovered, and, once could find the number of Gaelic speakers in a detected, means could be taken to prevent any county, a civil parish, atr ecclesiastical parish, further decay. It may be objected that this a burgh (Royal or police), a School Board disr was not done irr the past, but An Comunn was trict, a town, or even a village. In whatever not then in the strong position it occupies division of the country other statistics were to-day. shown, the Gaelic figures were also available. If this question of the Census, its objects, In the census of 1911 this was changed, and the pur-poses, and possibilities, were thoroughly dis- number of Gaelic speakers was given only for cussed by the Executive, the result would prove, each county, and then only in a small paragraph I am sure, unquestionably profitable, alike for in the introductory matter- to tire figures for the An Comunn. and the objects for which it exists. county. The effect of this change was to make R. B. AN DEO-GREINE. 135 AN DA MHARSANTA. THE TWO MERCHANTS Blia ditliis a.nii an Lit uair-eigin den I There were, at some time or other in the saoglial, ’us blia iad air deananili suas gu li- world’s history, two men of Leith, who were a.nabai‘racli, agus iad a’ cumail bbuthaniiaii very much attached to each other, and who niora. kept huge shops. An uair a cliumiaic iad gu’n robli rud aoa, When they saw that they had amassed some fhuair iad ’us pbos iad boirioimaich. wealth, they took wive®, and married. Rugadh clami daibli. Rugadh niglieadi do’n Children were born to them, a lassie to one, dara fear, agus gill© do’n fhear eile. An uair and a lad to the other. When they had been a bhaisteadh iad, phos iad ri ’cheile iad. Is e baptised, they had the two children married to Uilleani a blia air a’ blialaoh. § each other. The lad’s name was William. § An deidli so a dheananili, bbasaicb atliair a’ Afteiwards, the father of the lad died, and ghille, agus bba a’ bhean ’na baiiitricli a.n so. his wife was then left a widow. Blia am fear eile deonacb air a bbi ’ciioinadli The other man was desirous of gradually o’n bliaintricb a cuid, air alt ’s gu’u gleidheadli stealing her goods away from the widow, so e dha fhein na bli’ann. §§ that he might have all thbre was for himself. §§ Thuirt am fear eile ris a’ bhaintficb, gu’m So he told her that she had better give him b’ fhearra did stiidreadli a k-uile laid a bh’ ami the management and overseeing of everything, a thoirt da fhein, ’us gu’n tugadb e foghlum and that he would educate the lad. do’n bhalach. She accordingly turned everything over to Leig ise a h-uile rud a bh’ aim aige flieiu, ’us him, and he on his part applied himself to the bba e fhein ag obair air a’ ghille ’thogail suas, lad’s education, bringing him up among his agus e comhla ri a chloinn fhein. own children. An uair a bha iad air tighinn air an adliart When they had come well on in years, the an aois, bha an gille airson deanatnli suas ris lad was for courting the lass. So her father an nighinn. Bha a h-athair debnach airson a’ wished to send him away. But, she said to the ghille ’chur air falbh. “ Ma dh’ fhalbhas tUsa,” lad, “ I will remain unmarried for- a certain ars an nighean ris, “ fanaidh m ise cunntas number of years, awaiting thy return.” bhliadhnaichean gun phosadh, gus an till thu.” Dh’ fhalbh e an siod, ’us thugar am muir air. William then went off, and took to the sea. Bha o ’sebladh an siod, cho fad air falbh, ’us He sailed and sailed so far away, that one day gu’n do thuit da uair-eigin. a dhol do’n Tunc ; he chanced to reach Turkey, and as soon as the agus chomh luath ’so thainig an soitheach gu vessel came to land, he went ashore. tlr, chaidh e an sin air tir. While travelling about there, what should he Bha e ’falbh, ’us gu de chunnaic e ach feadh- see, but some people going along, who were ainn a’ falbh, agus corp lui), agus maidean aca. carrying a corpse with them, and beating it ’ga bhualadh. with sticks as they went. Dh’ fhoighnich esan gu de bu chiall da siod, He enquired what it meant, and asked what no gu de an t-aobbar a bha aca, an deidli da, has their reason was for so treating a man after he ’fhao'tainn, siod a, dheanamh air. Dh’ innis wa.s dead. They replied that the man [whose iad gu’n robh fiaclia,n aca, air an duirie, ’us gur corpse it was] liad owed them money, and they e siod mar a Llia, iad a’ toirt fiach nam fiachan a were taking the worth of the debts out of his a chorp, o nacli paidheadh e iad mu’n rachadh body in that way, because he would not pay them e a null. before he went across [to the other world]. Dh’ fhoighnich e an siod an gabhadh iad William then asked whether they would paidheadh nani fiachan agus an corp a leigeil accept payment of the debts in return for- ’adhlacadh ; agus thuirt iad gu’n gabhadh; releasing the body and allowing it to be buried ; agus thug e fa’near an corp a chur fo’u talamh, and they said they would; and so he paid the ’us phaidh e na fiaclian air a shon. * body’s debts for it, and caused (thug e fa’near) it to be buried. * Thill e chun an t-soithich, agus slieol iad as He returned to the vessel, and they sailed an Tuirc airson tighinn dachaidh. away from Turkey on their homeward voyage. § The last sentence in this paragraph appears in the MS. at §§. * The dead should always be treated with respect, and their remains protected. Whoever- showsof many them tales. irreverence is sure to have his folly visited upon him severely. This is the moral 136 AN DEO-GREINE. BLa. iad. a! falbh ’us a! seoladh, agus fa,da, They were sailing on and on, but whether goirid ge’n robh iad air falbh, gu de ail rud a their joumeyings were long or short, what thainig iad acb a dh’ ionnsuidh ©ilein, | agus should they coma to but an island, where the bhrisdeadh an soitlieach air an eilean, ’us vessel was wrecked, and every man on board chaidli a li-uile duine riamb a bba iiint© a of her drowned, save the lad alone, [and his bhathadh, acb © flic in ’na, onrachd, ’us gun loneliness was intensified by the fact that] there duine ri [a,] fhaotuinn air an eilean. was not another person to be found in the island. Bhuail e, an siod, air falbh feadh an eilein, He presently began to wander about the agus thachair toll ris, agus chaidh © a, stigh aim. island, and discovering a cave, went in. He Bh’ fliadaidh e teine a stigh ann, agus had kindled a fire inside, and had made up his smuaintich e gu’n gabhadh e tamh ann, agus mind to rest there, when he saw such a great chunnaic e an dubhradh mbr ud a,’ tighinn do dark shape approaching the entrance of the dhorus an tuill, agus gu de an rud a bha an sin cavern, and what sort of a thing should it be ach leoghann mor, ’us gun chrentair ’san eilean but a great lion; [so there was the lad, all ach e fhein. f alone with this awesome beast] for there was not another living man in the island but ha f An uair a chunnaic an leoghann an teine a When the lion saw the fire the lad had dh’ uidheamaich e ’san toll—am beothach prepared in the cavern—that fierce beast fiadhaieh sin, dh’ fhas e cho caomh ris; agus became most kind to him; and would come thigeadh e a h-uile la, agus da ghad eun leas, every day, bringing with it two withies on gad da-san agus gad da fhein. which birds were strung, a withy of birds for itself and a withy for the lad. Bhuail esan air am bruich, agus bha e ’bruich The lad set about cooking them, and he rud do’n leoghann, agus bha a’ chilis a’ cordadh cooked some for the lion too, and so the whole ris an leoghann gu h-anabarrach math. thing pleased the lion exceedingly well. But though [lost] on the island, he was still Bha, smuainteachadh aige air a’ bhoirionnach thinking about the lass, and thinking also how ged a bha e ’san eilean, ’us air am na leannan- that the time of courting was slipping away. achd a, bhi ’dol seacliad. Bhiodh e [Uilleam] So he [William] used to wander about the an siod a’ siubhal feadh an eilein, a, chur dheth island, to drive away his melancholy, [which a mhulaid, ged a bha an deagh chompanach would seize him] notwithstanding that he had leis, ’us e ’ga chumail gle mhath, ’us e a’ such a good comrade, who kept him well cordadh ris gu math. supplied, and was on excellent terms with him. But on a day of days, and a beautiful day it Bha e an siod latlia, de na, laithean, agus latha was too, he happened to be lying out on a briagh ann, ’us a, bheul fodlia, air cncc. Is aim hillock, lying face downwards. It was then a, chunnaic e an siod duine mor, mar gu’m that he perceived an immense man in the faiceadh e mu a choinnimh air gob rudha air place, and it seemed as if he saw him opposite an eilean e, ’us gun doigh air duine air a bhi to him on the point of a certain headland in the island, though there was no possibility of any man being there at all. Choisich e a, null far an robh an duine, ngus The lad walked over to where the man was, dh’ fbedraich e cb an duine e, no cia as a thainig and asked him what manner of man he was, e, no de mar a thainig e an siod; agus thuirt whence he had come, or in what way he had got e ris, gu’n d’ fhuair esan, an oidhche sin, § there ; and the other replied, that that very cothrom air tighinn ann—nam bu chuimhne night § he had had an opportunity of coming— leis fhein an uair a, bha e ’san Ana-Criosdachd, and did the lad himself remember being in the agus an uair a dh’ fhuasgail e an corp, [gu’m land of the infidel, and how he had released or bu esan a, bha anns a’ chorp, an samhladh a bha redeemed a, certain dead body, [for that body ’bruidhinn ris,]—gu’n dh’ fhuair esan cothrom, was his, the body of the spectre that was speak- pronount So inhaving MS. : nonot genitive. “ a dh’ ionnsuidh an thinig,” for that would be bad grammar, the relative t Sentence obscure, inasmuch as “ creutair ” and “e fhein “ are equally applicable either toare the two lion other or sentencesto the hero. to the“Creutair” effect that therehas, however, was no humanbeen translatedcreature on as the “man,” island. as there are to§ Oidhche,suppose some“ night,” sentence repeated or event lower omitted. down, should surely be “ latha,” “ day,” unless we AN DEO-GHEINE. 137 ail oidhclie ud, tighinn d’a ioruisuidh; gu’n ing to him]—that he, [the spectre] had had that robk aobhar a mhna ’us a leannain, an oidhclie night an opportunity of visiting him; for his ud, a’ dol a reiteach ; ’us gu’n giulaineadh esan [the lad’s] prospective wife and true love was, e a dh’ ionnsuidh nan criochan sin an oidhche that very night, to be betrothed; but that he ud, na’n deanadh e mar a. dh’ iarradli esan air. [the spectre] would carry him that very night “ Beir thusa air amhaich orm-sa, ’us na beami- to those parts [where the betrothal was to be] aich ’us na mallaich gus an ruig thu.” §§ if he [the lad] would do as the other desired him. “ Cling thou to my neck, and neither bless nor curse till thou arrive.” § § Bhuail an leoghann, an so, air caoineadh, an The lion, at this point, began to lament, uair a mhothaich e esan a’ falbh; agus thuirt when he perceived the lad was departing; but an samhladh a bha ’bruidhinn ris, gu’n tugadh the spectra that was speaking to him, said, that esan an leogliaim air agliait a rithisd, as a ho would fetch the lion along next, after he had dlieidh fhein; agus dh’ fhalbh e leis-san an so, carr ied the lad; and so went off with him, and agus leig e as e aig ceann a’ bhothain bhochd let him drop or set him down at the end of the a bha aig a mhatliair ; agus thuirt e ris fuireach little bothy that belonged to his mother; and an siod, agus nach bu mhor an iiinei dha bhi an he told him to wait there and that he would siod gus an tigeadh esan leis an leoghann ; not have to be there long until the other agus bha e ’na sheasamh gus am faca e iadsan returned with the lion ; so there the lad stood a’ tighinn ’us mar gu’m bitheadh e toilichte until he saw them coming, and then, because airson iadsan a thighinn, thoisich e air toirt he was so rejoiced at their coming, he began taing. * to give thanks. * The spectre [instantly] threw the lion off his Thilg esan bharr a mhuin an leoghann, agus back, and the animal’s leg was broken, [and the bhrisdeadh a chas, [agus ghabh an samhladh a’ spectre vanished into thin air.] ghaoth dha fhein.] Now the town was all in a bustle, for the Agus bha am bade elm trang, agus nighean daughter of a certain great mercliant was going a’ mharsanda mhoir sin a’ dol a phosadh. An to be married [betrothed?] But when people uair a chunnaic iad esan a’ falbh leis an saw the lad going about with the lion—they leoghann, bha iad a’ gabhail eagail. began to be afraid. [Chruinnich freiceadan a’ bhaile ’us lean iad [The town guard gathered and followed them, iad, ’us gun fios aig a’ ghille gu’n robh iad ann, without the lad’s bing aware of their presence, ’us mu’n d’ fhuair e soalltuinn chuige no and before he could as much as look this way bhuaidhe, thilg iad an leoghann le saighdean. or that, they shot the lion with arrows. The Bu chruaidh leis a’ ghille ’us gu’m b’ eadh, lad felt it hard, as indeed it was, to part with dealacliadh ri a chompanach dileas ai rinn an his faithful friend who had acted in so friendly gniomh blia cairdeil, ach chunnaic e nach robh a way, but he recognised that there was no help atharrach air. B’ er.idar closach an ledghainn for it. So he just had to leave the lion’s car- fhagail an siod, a.gus togail air fhein as iir. J] case there, and set off afresh. [] (li’a leanluinn.) ( To be continued ) (“Waifs§§ Lest and the Strays,” Sacred V.,Name 50) berode uttered through in thethe blessingair on a orglaistig, cursing. or loth-mharcachdWhen Micheil (ridingScott Name.filly), his Butweird her steed efforts tried were to entrap vain, himher riderinto repeating was too wise.some sayingHad hecontaining complied, the she Sacredwould fallenhave vanishedinto the sea.from underIn the him,case andof a hewitch would who have was beencarrying dashed through to the the ground air inor herwould apron have a fallsboulder to thefrom ground the Isle the of instantMan for an the astonished Cumming’scastle, beholder says,her apron “ God string bless me.”breaks Inand the the “ Arabianboulder boatmanNights,” beginsin like tomanner, praise whenAllah, a boatmanhero who andis being boat sinkrowed out homeof sight, by leavinga brass the elephant-headed hero flounder- ing *in It the is, water.of course, to God that the hero gives thanks. This he must have done aloud. The mereall evil uttering spirits ofand the breaks Sacred all Namespells. constitutesA beautiful an actand ofalmost prayer, universal which belief,immediately with a worldbanishes of soundspectre philosophy has no further and theology power to at sustain the back the of lion it. inThus, mid-air, once andGod’s the name divine has and been regular uttered, forces the ofpower nature, of spells, including come thatinto ofoperation gravitational once more, attraction, with the which result had that been the in lion abeyance falls heavily owing to the ground.t The sentences between square brackets have been interpolated to account for the fact thathaving the apparently spectre and forgotten the lion areall aboutsuddenly them. dropped out of the story, the narrator or the scribe 138 AN DEO-GREINE. PROPAGANDA CAMPAIGN. duties of the various committees, making special reference to the Uban Mod. Gaelic The President, Rev. G. W. Mackay, Killin, songs were sung by Misses MacNicoll and a,nd Mr. Neil Shaw, Secretary, carried through Mac Lean, and by Mr. Shaw. Miss Brodie, a very successful propaganda tour in West teacher, played the piano accompaniments. Argyll commencing a.t Benderloch on, 8th May. The Rev. Mr. Mac Denman, parish minister, who The meeting was held in Loclmell School, conducted a. Gaelic class during the winter Ledaig, the Rev. J. A. MacCormick, minister of months, also addressed the meeting. Mr. Ardchattau, presiding. The President, in his Stewart of Achara, who attended the Gaelic opening remarks, spoke im Gaelic and after- class regularly, moved a. vote of thanks to the wards gave a most interesting and instructive speakers, and Rev. Mr. MacKay called for a address in English on the cultural value of similar compliment to the chairman. ' The Gaelic, making special reference to' the Rev. Mr. MacLennan, at the close of the meet- .exquisite beauty and purity of Gaelic poetry ing, made sympathetic reference to the recent and the splendid essays of “ Caraid nan death of a. prominent member of the Gaelic Gaidheal ” and “ Am Fear Ciuil.” The Secre- class, Mr. Donald Cameron, Acharn, and he tary, who followed and s{K>ke at some length in asked the audience to stand while the piper both languages, confined his remarks to the played two laments in honour of his memory. aims and objects of An Comunn. The Rev. The laments played were ‘‘ MacGriogair o D. M. Cameron, who arranged the meeting, Ruadh-sliruth ” and “ Locha.ber no more. " spoke in appreciative terms of An Comunn and Nothing can stir the emotional feeling of the what it has already accomplished. It was Highlander like the cumha on the bagpipes, unanimously agreed to form a branch, and and few present will ever forget the plaintive office-bearers were elected. The chairman notes struck by Donald on the chanter that thereafter addressed the meeting, and pro- evening. mised to do all in their power to make the The following day was observed as the Fast branch a success. Although the attendance Day in the parish of Duror, and Rev. Mr. was small that evening, they were hopeful of MacKay conducted a service in the parish good gatherings when the winter session church at mid-day. The first part of the opened. service was conducted in Gaelic, and Mr. Shaw The following evening a meeting was held officiated a,s precentor. in the Strath of Appin School—the Rev. Mr. MacKay and Mi-. Shaw were the guests Charles MacDonald in the chair. The evening of Rev. Mr. and Mrs. MacLennan at the manse, was wet and stormy, but notwithstanding the and ou the afternoon of Thursday drove to former office-bearers of the branch attended, Ballachulish, where they were joined by the also a number of the school children. The Rev. Mr. Boyd, Glencoe, who accompanied usual addresses were given, Mi-. Shaw speaking them to Kinlochleven. There was a large in Gaelic only, and, after remarks by several of attendance in the Hall that evening, and Mr. the old members present, the branch was re- A. H. MacDonald, Headmaster, President of formed and office bearers appointed. Mr. Shaw the Branch, presided. Mr. T. D. MacDonald, sang several songs, and one of the schoolboys Oban, was present on the platform with the recited “ Cead deireannach nani beann ” with officials. After short addresses by the chair- fine spirit and correct enunciation. Mr. man, Mr. MacKay, and Mr. Shaw, a programme Donald MacPherson, Headmaster, who was of Gaelic songs was gone through. Mr. appointed President, teaches Gaelic reading Thomas, teacher, sang, “ Land of my fathers ’’ and singing. All the school children present in Welsh, and received quite a rousing recep- were fluent Gaelic speakers. The President tion. Mr. T. D. MacDonald addressed the was the guest of the Rev. Mr. MacDonald at meeting in support of the Flag Day which is to the manse. be held there shortly in aid of a special fund to On Wednesday evening at Duror the weather help juvenile choirs and competitors to attend was even more boisterous, but there was not the Mod. Mr. Boyd also spoke in Gaelic, coin- an empty seat in the Schoolhouse when Mr. mending the objects of An Comunn. Donald Machines opened the meeting with On Friday, the various teaching centres stirring selections on the bagpipes. Mr. John were visited (the school was burned down some MacIntyre of Invernahyle presided, and intro- time ago), and pupils were questioned as to duced the officials in a bright and pleasing their knowledge of Gaelic. Only a, small per- address, Mr. MacKay gave a> splendid centage was able to answer, although a, large address, and was frequently applauded. Mr. number of the parents speak Gaelic. Mr. Shaw was also well received, and brought MacDonald conducted a Gaelic reading class, before his audience in Gaelic and English the and the Gaelic Choir has been re-formed. Mr. AN DEO-GREINE. 139 Mao Kay was the guest of Mr. and Mrs. Mac- Bha si mi 'san am ud a’ Ian chreidsinn gu’n robh Donald at their home. a’ Ghruagaoh is a’ Bhean-shithe am folach an On Friday afternoon the party returned to glaic air choireigiu, no fo bhruaich na h-aibhne. Ballachulish, and Mr. Mac Kay and Mr. Siiaw Faodaidh an trath-sa a bhith oubliaidh do mhac- proceeded to Ardgour, where the concluding meanmua * nam bard, no freagarrach do na meeting of the tour was held. There was a suirghichean, ach bidh an giullan 6g ’ga ruheas fair attendance in the School, presided over by air mhodh eile, is e ’na throtan ag gabha.il Rev. A. D. Mac Lean, parish minister. After aithghearra na mointich, is e air chrith gu’n the customary addresses, Mr. Shaw sang tachair e 1 is a’ Ghruagaich, no gu faic e taibhse. several songs illustrative of the grave and gay Bheir an t-eagal a. chreidsinn air nach ’eil an in Gaelic poetry. Miss MacIntyre, teacher, srann nam meanbh-bhiastagan mu’n cuairt da sang a Scottish song. The Branch here was ach 11a sithichean a’ deanamh deiseil air son re-formed and office-bearers appointed. Miss ruidhle dannsa am measg 11a rainich. Dh’ MacIntyre is the secretary. Mr MacLean con- fhasadh cruth eile air hadan mor fraoich ’sau ducts a Gaelic class in connection with the dubhar air mullach faire; dli’ fhasadh clach Sunday School,- and it is hoped that an adult bhan air cliathach enuie ’na samhladh. Bhiodh reading class may be formed next winter. a h-uile dad fo sgleb. [20] Although somewhat late in the season, the * Imagination. attendance at meetings was quite satisfactory, and much good work may he expected from 3. Translate into English: — the parishes visited. Gaelic is still the every- Nach lionmhor innleachd agus doigh day language of the people, and as the teachers Tha daoine cur an ceill, in most of the schools are capable of giving A’ tional airgid agus bir, some instruction in the language, the future of Is ’g an stbradh suas le speisl Gaelic in these districts seems quite hopeful. Gach oath is stri tha am measg an t-slbigh In view of the fact that this year’s national An tbir air glbir dhaibh fein, Mod is within easy reach of branch members, A sheargas as mar bhlath an fheoir, the officials hope to see a large number pre- Is an glbir clia. mhair ’nan deidh. sent. ' Many juveniles are preparing for the Ach ma gheibh thusa tuigse is ciall, competitions, and a few adults are practising Bidh agad oighreachd bhuanj for the solo competitions. Sin seudan a bha maiseach riaanh, Is nach caill gu brath an luach. Ni an comhairleau a glmath do dliion. LEAVING CERTIFICATE EXAMINA- Is le rian do chumail suas; Bidh sith is toradh an do ghniomh TION, 1920. Is clia. bhi do chrioch gun duais. [20] GAELIC. 1. Write at least a page in Gaelic contrast- Loweh Gkade. ing the winter with the summer season in your \Tht value attached to each question is shown district. [20] in brackets after the question.] 5. (a) Give the gender, genitive singular, Tuesday, 30th March, 10 a.m. dative singular and meaning of: — N.B.—Write legibly and neatly. Marks will beau, broc, brbg, cat hair, crodh, cii, be deducted for bad writing and spelling. leac, muir, muileann, plan. 1. Reproduce in Gaelic the story read out. (b) Give the Gaelic for:—black dogs; [20] little dogs ; little feet; to a little calf; [The story will be read out at 10 a.m., arvd to the little calf; to a grey stone; of a candidates should use the first page of their speckled hen; of a grey horse; of a books for this answer.] black horse. [10] 2. Translate into English : — 6. Translate into Gaelic : — Cha, robh an t-slighe dliachaidh o’n sgoil’s an (1) This big wood will soon be cut down. fheasgar cho fior thaitneach, air amannan, agio (2) Donald is swifter than his brother. a shaoileadh tu. An drasda agus a rithis, (3) What would you see if you went over bhiodh an sgoil fada gun tighinn a mach, agus that hill ? [5] bhiodh an t-anmoch ag ciaradh mu’n ruigear 7. Translate into English : — maid an clachan. B’e so trath nach bu toigh (1) Cha deachaidh a’ bhliadhna so learn. leani fheini riamh, an uair a bha mi ’nam (2) Cha ’n ionann sgeul bhios air a’ chreich ghiullan—eadar-da-sholus, no beul na h-oidhehe. is air an tbir. 140 AN DEO-GREINE. (3) Ged tha mi air an leth-shuil, is maith CRUINN-EOLAS: ALBA. chi mi leis an Gsuil a, th’ again. Le D. Urchadan. [5] GAELIC. 18.—Dun-eideann (Lodainn Mheadhonach). Lower Grade. Reidh ri cladach tha an t-siorrachd so ard cnocach anus a’ cheann deas. Tha mu leth na Tuesday, 30th March—10 a.m. sierra,did fo thuathanas agus tha barr mor de The passage should he read out by the teacher choirce, eema, cruithneachd agus buntata a at 10 a.m. in the presence of the Supervis- fas. Tha gual is iarunn air an oibreachadh, ing Officer. It should he read out twice, agus tha deanamh paipeir agus bhrat-lair ’nan not too quickly, nor too slowly. oibrichean iomraiteach. Tha bailtean a’ No notes may he made hy the candidates while chladaich ri iasgach, agus tha clach-ola air a, h- it is being read. oibreachadh aig Addiewell agus aiteachan eile. Immediately after it has been read out the An Dun-eideann (ceanu-bhaile Alba) tha Candidates should proceed to reproduce caisteal bha ainmeil an eachdraidh ; Luchairt the substance of it in Gaelic. Holyrood ’san robh na righrean a,’ comhnuidh; Before it is actually read, the Supervising oil-thigh cliuiteach. Am mea,sg oibrichean a’ Officer must write upon the blackboard the bhaile tha clodh-bhualadh, deanamh leanna following words: agus portair, agus tarruing uisge-bheatha, Dee=G., Abhainn T)e ; *• dank ”=moist. airidh air an ainmeachadh. ’Se Lite fear de na puirt-mhara as dripeile ’nar duthaich agus is He should also explain that Candidates aim ri taobh thall a’ Chuain Tuath a tha am are not to aim at reproducing the passage port ri malairt. Am measg oibrichean tha in all its details, and in the same words togail-shoithichean, measgadh uisge-bheatha or order of words as the original. What agus deanamh leanna agus portair. Tha is desired is that they should attempt to moran sluaigh a,’ dol gu Portobello gadi samh- relate the story in Gaelic, in their own radh a chaitheadh am forloich. Tha croganan, diction and idiom. glome agus clachan-cre air an deanamh an so. The Sands of Dee. Tha, feilltean coirce agus mine air an cumail arm “ 0 Mary, go and call the cattle home, an Dailceith. Tha moran eisg air a thoirt air And call the cattle home, tir am Baile-nam-Fiasgan. Feudar Granton, And call the cattle home! Penicuik (paiper) agus Currie (deanamh Across the sands of Dee ” ; paipeir) ainmeanachadh am measg nam The western wind was wild and dank with bailtean. foam, 19.—Haddington (Lodainn an Ear). And all alone went she. Tha an t-siorrachd so air a deagh aiteach far am bheil i comhnard agus fhuair i urram air son The western tide crept up along the sand, buntata. Tha, gual air a, cladhach anns an And o’er and o’er the sand, taobh an iar. Faisg air Haddington (an And round and round the sand, ceann-bhaile) rugadh Iain Knox. Tha, feilltean As far as eye could see. coirce air an gleidheadh an so. Tha iasgach The rolling mist came down and hid the land : air a chur air adhart an Abaruig Tuath, an And never home came she. Dunbar, am Prestonpans agus an Cockenzie. “ Oh! is it weed, or fish, or floating liair— A tress of golden hair, 20.—Abaruig. A drowned maiden’s hair, Tha Siorrachd Abaruig deas air Haddington Above the nets at sea,? ” agus tha an clada.ch ris a,’ Chuan Tuath. Is iad Was never salmon yet that shone so fair afteach, araoh chaorach agus iasgach na h- Among the stakes of Dee. oibrichea r a,5 toirteile. Tha, At ha,inn luaid They rowed tier in across the rolling foam, cliuiteach air son bhradan Tha, an dutliaich The cruel crawling foam, a’ deanamh clodh-gallda agus paipeir. Cha ’n The cruel hungry foam, ’eil .na bail tea n mdr, agus is arm do Shasuinn a To her grave beside the sea : bhuineas Abaruig air Timid. ’Se Greenlaw But still the boatmen hear her call the cattle ceann-bhaile na siorrachd. Tha iasgach aim an home ' - Eyemouth, tuathanas mu Duns. Tha Gold- Across the sands of Dee. stream air Abhainn Tuaid. AN DEO-GREINE. 141 It will be remembered that at last meeting THE SECRETARY’S PAGE. of Executive a deputation, was appointed to Tha dochas again gu bheil sean is 6g ag visit the three Assemblies to thank the ullachadh gu laidir airson Mod na bliadhna so. Churches for their valuable assistance in con- Tha an t-Oban ’na bbaile cho Gaidhealacb agus nection with the teaching of Gaelic in schools, a tha ’san aird© ’n iar, a.gus gheibh luchd- and to, solicit their continued support in making farpais aoidh is furan. Far an do rugadh An the* provision of the Act of 1918 effective. The Comunn, naoi bliadhna, fichead air ais, biodh © deputation was received by the Free Church air an fhogharadh so ait 1© fonn ua Gaidhlige. Assembly on Friday, 21st May, the members An turns a thug an Caann Suidhe agus mi attending being Rev. G. W. MacKay, Professor fhein mu dheireadh bha sinn a’ cumail fa Watson, The Lady Helen Tod, Mrs. Colquhoun, chomhar nam meuran an dleasnas a thaobh Mr. Malcolm MacLeod, Mr. II. F. Campbell, a’ Mhoid agus tha sinn 1© cheile de ’n Rev. Dugald Macfarlane, and Mr. Shaw (secre- bheachd gu ’n tig aireamh d© ’n oigridh air an tary). Professor Watson spoke on behalf of aghaidh. Bu mhath leinn na h-inbhich a, the deputation, thanking th© Church for its past thighirm mar an ceudna ach tha an Gaidheal assistance, and making a powerful appeal for its continued sympathy and help in the Gaelic athaiseach ’na thir fhein! cause. The Rev. Dr. Donald MacLean, the Acting Moderator, assured the deputation that Th© office of An Comunn is now at 114 West in this matter they were preaching to the con- Campbell Street, corner of West George Street. verted, and that they could rely on the whole- Members who intend calling on an early date hearted support of the Church in their efforts to will please not© that the entrance meantime is further the interests of the Gaelic language. by 226 West George Street. We have been extremely fortunate in continuing to get a room with Messrs. Hourston & Macfarlane, The Assemblies of the Church of Scotland whose unfailing courtesy, as also that of their and of the United Free Church did not find it staff, make a visit to the office one of pleasure. practicable to arrange for the reception of the deputation, but in the minutes of the proceed- ings of the United Free Church Assembly for Mr. Norman MacLeod, M.A., is presently 24th May the following reference appears : — engaged (on behalf of the Publication Com- “ A letter was read from the Secretary of the mitteo) in the preparation of a new edition of Highland Association in appreciation of the Reid’s Elementary Course. Teachers and assistance rendered by the Church in connection others who used this excellent publication may with the teaching of Gaelic in schools. The have valuable suggestions to offer for the Assembly recorded their thanks to the High- improvement of the forthcoming edition, and land Association for this welcome testimony.” all such suggestions will b© greatly appreciated. They should be sent to me at 114 West Camp- bell Street, or to Rev. T. S. MacPherson, 18 The various County and kindred Associations Wilson Street, Hillbead, Glasgow. The last in the city have held their annual meetings, and edition of 2,000 copies is now out of print, and it is satisfactory to note that their annual con- in view of the activities of Highland Education tributions to the Mod Fund have been con- Authorities, a new and improved edition will tinued and in most cases augmented. The doubtless be in great demand. Glasgow Gaelic Society has also given a grant in aid of the publication of the Fernaig MS., transcribed and edited by Calum MacPharlain. Under the auspices of the Glasgow Skye The Islay Association has renewed affiliation Association, a series of competitions (Senior and with An Comunn, and the Clan MacFarlane Junior) in solo singing and reciting of Gaelic Society, instituted 1912, has become affiliated prescribed pieces will be held in the seven with An Comunn. parishes in Skye on an early date. The first prize winners will meet at a local Mod to be held in Portree in September, when Mr. For the James Grant Memorial Prize for solo Roderick MacLeod, Inverness, will adjudicate singing at the forthcoming Mod, competitors the final solo competition, the first prize for must select a Lochness-side song. Mr. John which is £15. All competitors must sing Mrs MacLean, Calcutta, offers a, prize for the best MacPherson’s well-known song, “ A’ toirt am rendering of an unpublished Argyllshire song, chuimhn© ’nuair bha mi 6g.” They are also to female voices only. sing a song of their own choosing. Niall. 142 AN DEO-GBEINE. MOLADH GHL1NNE COMHANN Bun Lochabair § § ’s e mar gharradh Neadachadh am blaths na greine, Le Coirineach M. Stiubliart, Baile ’Cliaolais, ’S trath gheabh thu aims a’ Mhairt ann mac do’n Ollamli Stiubhart, (“ Nether Sobhraichean fo sgail nan geugan. Lochaber ”). Criochnachaidh mi nis mo rannan ’S e’n gleann a sliamhraicheadh gu ciatacb ’S m’aghaidh bheir mi air a’ Chamaich, Crodh tha ciar is caisionn’s blar-bhuidhe, Theid mi seachad air na Torran, Gheabhadh tu iad ’gam blianadh As a sin gu ceann na, Pairce; Air na leanagaii a b’ aillidh; Chi mi fodham Tom an bSabhail, Fraoch a’ ciimtinn air gach taobh dhiu, Poll a,’ Mhig ’san t-Eileam Feama, Cib is canach ag aomadh lamb riu, Far am faioeadh tu na, gaisgeich Liath-chearc a goirsimi aims gach bruach dheth, G iomain bhall ** le’n camain chlar-gheal. ’S a,n coileach ruadh mar bhuachaill lamb rith. * Hills called “ The Sisters.” ’S briagh an sealladh tha ri fliaicinn t Innean : Anvil, or Scotch Stithy, which has Bho gach bac is cnoc ’san tir ud, been corrupted into The Study, by which name Buachaill Eite’s e ’na sheasamh known.this plateau The in finest the viewmiddle is toof bethe had glen from is nowthis Slocach, creagach, Ian de sgriodan ; point. Coire Chlach-fhinn air a chidaobh, + This mountain has been named The Lord Dluth dha sin tha Ceann na Liu rig, Chancellor from its remarkable likeness to a Beinn a’ Chrulaist nuas Fa glmalainn figureand the in scarletwig and of gown.the Crotal The is comparisonvery apt. here ’S air an tuath dheth Stob ’ic Mhartainn. § Aonach Eagach from its serrated appear- Chi thu sud air an iar dhiot ance.ft Ard mullaich : the highest point in Argyll— *Na, Peathraicliean bho chian ’nan eideadh, 3,766 feet. Cha chuir gailleann, gaoth no siantan ££ Taobh thall na linne: North side of Loch Fiamh orra. ’n am laighe’s eirigh ; Fraoch a’ cinntinn ’n bird g’an cruachain §§ Bun Lochabair: Nether Lochaber, which 'S ait an snuadh air maduinn Cheitein, has** a’G southerly, iomain bhall: sunny This aspect. is,the field where the ’S am aii-de teas an hsamhraidh Glencoe and Ballachulish boys play the game of ’S binn an cebl aig eoin air gheugan. shinty, in which they excel. Chi thu sud bho bhraighe ’n Innein f Gleann chuir iongantas air mbran, AN COMUNN CONCERTS, Far an robh Oisean’s Fionn MacCumhail Tamhachadh an uchd nam mbr-bheann ; ABRIACHAN.—The branch of An Comunn Aid Fhear lagh | tbar chuirtibb Shasuinn Gaidhealach formed in the populous district of Riaghladh tliairis air gach comhstri, Abriachan consequent on the propagandist tour Air a chomhdach nuas le crotal inauguratedof the President on theand 7thSecretary inst. lastby amonth, gathering was Stocainneam le’m bileabh ros-dhearg. friendly to the purpose, and consisting of two Lean mi nise ceum na’s fhaide, the(at least)neighbourhood. representatives The frommeeting every was family of thein Chi thu ’n t-Aomach Eagach § sgaimeach. nature of a conversazione, with music and tea. Air an deas dheth chi thu’m Bidean, Rev. A. M. Macfarlane presided over an audi- Ceann ard mullaich ft Earraghaidheal ; ence that comfortably filled the large school- Chi thu’n iolair fhiadhaich androom, prayer, and openedafter which the aproceedings sumptuous withtea, cateredpraise Fiamh an oir a. sios g’a, cladan, by the ladies of the district, was partaken of. Seobliag ghlas is clamhan sgiathach Duets were given by Mr. Stevenson and Mrs Mit- Mach ag iarraidh biadh do’n al iad. bychell, the Mrs Misses Mitchell Macfarlane and Miss (Gaelic). E. Stevenson, Solos wereand Sud an gleann ’sam faigh thu’n lan-damh sung by Mrs. Mitchell and Mr. Alick MacLennan Calirach, dealbliach fo bhraigh Eite, (Gaelic). Other contributions to the entertain- Gheabh thu eildean anns gach pairt dheth ment were a humorous Gaelic reading by the ’S failidh ’n ceum air rcidhlean mointich ; chairman,William MacLean. and selections The onusual the votes pipes of bythanks Mr. Anns a.’ choire cid na, Ciche having been accorded, a very successful enter- Tlia, minnein aioe’s cib ’ga chomhdach tainment was brought to a close. The second Cha ’n iarr i lighiclie no ciobair, entertainment was held on the 14th, and the ’S do bhanaltrum elm, striochd i coir air. largelySchool wasin evidence. crowded, theRev. school Mr. Macfarlane,children being who Chi thu sud taobh tha,11 na linne || presided, having formally opened the proceed- Tir ’sam faigh thu mil ’s gach pairt dheth ; through,ings, a long and andchieflv varied sustained programme by Mr. wasRoderick gone Callairt dhu-ghorm a,’ bharraich MacLeod, prince of Highland singers, and his Laighe dliith ris gheabh thu ’n Camas gifted daughter, Rhoda, whose spirited render- AN DEO-GREINE. 143 ing of “ The Tangle of the Isles ” and “ Buain the secretary of An Comunn Gaidhealach. The ua“ ituairi Raineaich ” himself ” thrilled did the by audience his incomparable no less than pipeproceedings selections, were which opened were by Mr. greatly Shaw withenjoyed. bag- “ israigh Itusgaiun,” to mention but one of priateMiss Turner terms addressedin Gaelic andthe gatheringEnglish. inIt appro-gave talentmany ofwas his well items, brought serious out and ingay. solos Theby Mrs.local iier great pleasure to see such a large number whomMitchell were and in Mr. admirable Alick MacLennan, voice. One bothof theof peoplepresent werein support under ofthe the impression old language. that GaelicSome severalfeatures choral of the songs evening (English was andthe Gaelic)rendering by the ol school,was a hindrancebut she assured to their them children’s that, onprogress the con- in children under the skilful baton of their head- wastrary, intellectually the child who superior could speakto the twoone wholanguages could ofmaster, the visitorsMr. Neil, from and Inverness. eliciting theIndeed, admiration Mr. speak one only. When she was in school in harmonyMacLeod waswith so which taken somewith theof perfectthe "pieces time were and EdinburghFrench teacher she was for oftenher pronunciation,complimented bywhich her sungMr. Neilthat tohe preparepredicted the a successfulchoir for issuethe wereMod programmeshe attributed of Gaelic to her and knowledge Scottish ofsongs Gaelic. was sus-A Juvenilehis way Competition,to do. The whichChairman we hope furnished he will see a tainedlist; Mr by HughMiss FloraMacLean, MacNeill, singing Mod master,gold medal- and humorousGaelic undefiled, Gaelic “ readingCaraid nanfrom Gaidheal,” that well and of others.was produced The Gaelicby local play, members, “ Reiteach and Moraiggreatly ” sprightlyMr. Wm. MacLeanairs on thegave bagpipes.several stirringCouncillor and Gaelicenjoyed. and Air.English, Shaw and addressed was well the received. audience The in priateThomas words,Macdonald, expressed Inverness, his great in a pleasurefew appro- in danceusual votesfollowed. of thanks concluded the meeting. A being present there that night within the walls GLENETIVE.—In pursuance of his propa- ofwhere book he knowledge,was first initiatedand seeing into thethe mysteries hopeful ganda work, Mr. Neil Shaw paid a visit to the beginning of a movement which he was sure GaidhealachGlenetive and lastDalness month. Branch There of Anwas Comunna large tonewould of give the community,an uplift to and the expand mental the and intellec- moral turnout of members and friends, presided over tual faculties of their young folks. A truce to dentby Mr. of Gregorthe Branch, MacGregor, who introduced Glenceitland, Air. Presi-Shaw downthe pessimism our beloved and andcavillings ancient that mother-tongue. would keep to the company. After selections on the piob- He was sure that anyone who honestly con- mhorthen enteredby Air. upon,Shaw, eacha concert item beingprogramme thoroughly was Gaelicsidered waSthe nomatter hindrance could tonot the but acquirement admit that of enjoyed. The accompanists were Miss AVhyte knowledge or to success in life. At anyrate, that theand programmeMiss A. Maclean. Mr. Shaw During took the an opportunityinterval in wasgo so his far experience. as to say thatOn thethe possessioncontrary, ofhe Gaelicwould of impressing upon the members the neces- would be an additional asset in one’s favour in peoplesity of tipholdingerroneously the thought Gaelic language.that Gaelic Manywas theNeil, competition in a few appropriate of life in anywords, direction. called forMr. a a hindrance to their children’s progress at vote of thanks to the performers, especially to whoschool. could This speak was quitetwo languageswrong, as wasthe childun- those(in town) who tohad come unselfishly here to givenentertain up theirthem. holiday Mr. doubtedly in advance of the child who only MacLeod, in a word, thanked them for the possessedassistance onein language.the pronouncing Gaelic wasof aforeign great daughterflattering andreception himself. which The they manifest had given pleasure to his languages. Air. Shaw also referred to the place given to the children alone was ample recom- schools.Gaelic now He held wished on the the curriculum branch all ofsuccess Highland and penseexperienced for any in cominginconvenience to a place they that might made havehim hoped he would at no distant date have the sing nearer heaven than he had ever done before. conclusionpleasure of ofvisiting the programme, the Glen again.tea was Onserved, the encouragementPart of his satisfaction it gave toin hisbeing old there friend, was Rev. the and the room cleared for dancing. theMr. threatenedMacf'arlane tolanguage start this of movementour fathers. in aidLet of them close round him and the enthusiastic band LETTER TO THE EDITOR. ofabout office-bearers them as to with how him,to resume and lettheir them meetings cast playednext session. that evening,Judging he by foresaw the enthusiasm a prosperous dis- Sir,—On journeying to Perth to attend the time. Mr. MacLeod brought the evening to a toExecutive observe meetingthe transformation of An Comunn, of Ithat had occasionrailway closeis beannachd by leading leibh.” the audience in “ Oidhche mhath station formerly known as Crieff Junction, now GLENDARUEL.—Lately a successful concert designatedthe length Gleneagles,and breadth and of recognisedthe land throughas the wasin aid held of underthe publication the auspices funds of theof localAn Comunn branch synonym of “ Guaranteed Golf.” of An Comunn Gaidhealach in Glendaruel Hall, thatI wasmany particularly others will gratified, share my and pleasure, I am sure in whichKilchamaig was filled presided, to overflowing. and was supportedMiss Turner on the of observing the very appropriate character platform by Mrs Burnley Campbell of Ormidale. handimparted of tothe the designer;new station an buildingsappropriateness by the tothe whoseconcert indefatigable was due, and exertions also Mr. the Neil success Shaw, of expressed in a traditionally Scottish type of AN DEO GREINE. 144 architecture, harmonising agreeably with . its scenic surroundings, in the pleasing greys and The Shop for Gaelic Books. browns of stonework and harlmg. Price Postage proudlyGleneagles, poised which, upon notwithstandinga pointed rom thewhich Eagie we Gaelic Self-Taught. An Introduction to Gaelic see displayed on the hoardings, is, 1 suppose, ciationfor Beginners, in valuable with to anLearners, imitated complete, pronun- 1/6 2d reallyname andGleann-na-h-eaglais, situation may be and regarded in virtue as a ofpart its An Ros irnach, a galaxy of the best modern of the Highlands, and falling within the benefi- BardachGaelic Leodhais. authors, Lewis 2 volumes Bards, ready,now ready, each 10/-6/- Gd feel,cent therefore,jurisdiction that of AnI may Comunn’s have the interests. courage to1 The Wizard’s Gillie, with Gaelic and English suggest to the Arts and Industries Committee Fiounoppositep-.ges, ann an Tigh a’ Bhlair... Bhuidhe. A- Tale,- 2/63d 4dJd Railwaythat an officialCompany letter congratulating be sent to thethem Caledonian upon the Handbook for Speakers at Gaelic Meetings, - 3d Jd good taste displayed in the architecturaJ quali- RosgReid’s Gaidhlig. New Elementary Selections Cour of isGaelic of Gaelic, Prose, --1/- 2/G 4d3d tureties ofto thethink, Gleneaglek will indicate buildings. that An This,Comunn I ven-has Reiteach Moraig. Popular Gaelic Play, - Gd IJd a real interest in this branch of culture in MacBain’sPosadh Moraig. New Gaelicsequel Etymologicalto Reiteach Moraig, Diet., 12/6Gd Gdl£d additionmusic and to literature,that pertaining that itsto activitiesthe sister arearts not of MacLeod and Dewar’s Gaelic-Eng. English- only very real, but very broad in their scope, MacEachen’sGaelic Dictionary, Gaelic-English - Dictionary,- - - -12/6 2/6 Gd4d idealsembracing of the all Gaidheal.that is consonant with the higher Aig Tigh na Beinne, by Mrs. Grant, just pub. 3/6 4d Furthermore, such a letter might serve inci- Gu’nMacDougall’s d’thugl speisdo’iiFolk Tales Armunn, and Fairy Gaelic Lore, novel • 6/-1/- 2Jd4d knowndentally that to encouragetheir work architects, really does in lettingoccasionally it be Deirdire, Gaelic and Eng. opposite pages, - 3/6 4d come under the purview of an enlightened public GaelicCameron’s Mission Highland Hymn ClearancesBook, to- 1912,- -- 1/-2/- 2d4d opinion.But most important of all, such a letter might Bardachd Ghaidhlig, Selections from Gaelic assist in burying for all time the possibility of a Cath-chuairtPoetry, Eideird Bhruis an Eirinn, 31/-/6 6d2d repetitionboxes which of desecratesuch creations the stations as the of redthe Balla-brick An Solaraiche, four choice Gaelic Essays, 1/3 2d chulish branch; such as those of A ppm, for AuraiceptMinstrelsy na of n’eces,the Highlands, Prof. Geo. Gaelic Calder, & Eng , 12/64/- 6d example,solemn rebuke which of stand the venerable audaciously Castle to Stalesflout tithe e Celtic Lyre, Gael, ai d Eng:, sol-fa and staff, 3/6 3d COLIN SINCLAIR. Gaelic Songs, little volume in tartan silk, - 1/6 IJd CaelicBiblesaudAU Post Orders Testaments must include at sufficientall prices,- for Postage. ALEX MACLAREN 81 SONS, 360 and 362 Argyle Street. GLASGOW

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A reir TheCruinn-Eolas: Secretary’s Alba, Page, - - 15453 iomraidh, labhair gach aon gu h-eagnaidh mu’n Oran Gaoil, 155 chuspair a, thaghadh air a shon, agus fhuair a’ CongressDealbhchluich in Edinburgh, Cloinne, - 15755 mhuinntir a tha aineolach air dol-a-mach nan An Comunn Gaidhealach, ...... 159 Ceilteach, moran cheudan bliadhna roimh an diugh, fiosrachadh a bu ohor feum a dheanamh AN CO-CHRUINNEACHADH CEILT- dhaibh, ’se sin Fa radh na’n leagadh iad an aira EACH AN DUN-EIDEANN. ris. Ach a laig? Is iomadh uair a chuir e ioghnadh orm cho beag diii ’sa tha cuid de na Na’n robh thu a spaisdearachd air sraid a’ Gaidhail fhein a’ nochdadh do sheann nithean Phrioansa, an Dun-Eideann mu dhoireadh a’ Ceilteach, agus gu h-araidh do’n cainnt Cheitein a chaidh seachad, cha b’urrainn duit mhatharail a tha cho brlghmhor innte fhein— gun mhothachadh air lionmhorachd nan cotaich- caimit nach robh riamh ’na h-aobhar amlaidh ean dubha a thaohradh ort. Eadar mbinis- do neach ’sam bith a ghabh greim oirre o thus. tearan is urrachan foghluimte eile, bu ghami Cha ’n ’eil ann ach an dearg amadanachd a bhi gu’n racliadh agad air moran cheumanan a’ ag altrum caochladh beachd. gliabbail gun sualhadh ri feaiseigin de na. daoine coire. Bita Ard-Sh©a,naidb nan Eaglaisean Dh’ fhosgladh a’ choinneamh le braid o Mhgr. cruinn, agus blia ciiisean fior chudthroinach air E. T. John a, labhair mu thogradh-inntinn nan an a ire—gnothuicbean a bbuineas gle dhluth ri Ceilteach. Bha, stuth innte is fhiach a crabbadh na h-AIbann. Tha. feum aig minis- leugltadh, agus bha cumadh deas oirre. Cha tearan air lasacbadh sreine cho matli ri crios- robh na labhair an t-Urr. Hartwell Jones rbinean daidbean eile, agus ma ni iad seachduin na b-ard air dbeireadh oirre. Thug Mgr. Jones fainear Sheanaidh ’na am feile, cha, ruigear a leas, an gu’n do threig Albainn an tomhas nior a seana oeartas, a mhaoidheadh orra le doicbeall. Is chanain, ged dh’ fhani an sluagh a thaobh fair- feairde iad iirachadli na seachduin ud. eachadh inntinn, an companas ri spiorad a’ * * * Cheiltich, Cha robh, ars’ esan, a riamh bar- Air an trseachduin cbeudna choinnich Ceilticb rachd feuma air an spiorad sin a dhaighneach- ri cheile a chum solus a thoirt dhuixm air eus- adh, is a dheanamh aithnichte do’n phobull, na pairean a bhuineas gu sonraichte ri nithean tha e an diugh, am feadh ’sa tha, daoine a’ cinneadail. Fad na bliadhna an uiridh bha sleamhnachadh blip na feartan a tha a’ trebrach- ullacbadh freagarrach ’ga dbeanamh mu adh gu nithean as airde is a,s maireannaiche ’nan choinneibh na comhdhail ris an robb duil. gne, na’n saoghaltachd a tha greinieachadh Chaidh teach da irean uidheamaichte an ionn oimn aig a cheart am see. Bha grinneas 116 AN DEO-GREINE. ixmtinn an, gne moraai de na. seaai Cliedltich nach lutliaig cuid a, dliaoiiw dhaibh an diugh. Ach bha an side fabharach, agus fhuair na coigrich tha eachdraidli a’ dearbhadh gu robh subhail- saalladh air baile Dhun-Eideann sgeudaichte leis cean grinn air an cleachdadh leo an uair a bha a mhaise a tha cho iomraiteach am beachd roinn nibor de shluagh na h-Eorpa fo bhuaidli dhaoine aims gach ceam de Bhreatunn. dorchadais nam Paganach. Agus rud eile—rud nach caomh leis na Sasunnaich a chreidsinn— ’sann o na naoimh Cheilteach a fhuair moran am E1LEAN DA DHEALQAIN. Breatunn, agus ceaman eile de’n Eorpa, eolas air an hsoisgeul, mar a, tha Mgr. Hartwell Jones (Eilean da, Ghallagan.) a’ dearbhadh ’na braid air “ An Ceil teach an This small island lies in West Loch Tarbert, sean eachdraidh.” B’e a bheachd gu’n d’ near the head of that arm of the sea, and outside thainig sgaoth de na Ceiltich o’n airde-an-ear the point at which it contracts within a narrow a,on. am, agus gu’n do sguab iad a thaobh luchd channel. The island itself, though in harmony aiteachaidh nan diithchanan meadhonach anns with the picturesque scenery amid which it is an Eorpa,, agus gu’n do ghabh. iad fhein sedlbh situated, cannot be said to exhibit features of air na ghlac iad. As deidh sin, bhriichd iad a an impressive kind. mach do ’n Ghallia,, do ’n Eadailte mu thuath But in the field of legendary lore, as well as far an robh iad a’ bagradh na Roimhe fhein. in that^of early Scottish history, it holds a place An a,on fhacal faodar a radh gu’n do sgaoil iad of considerable interest. In the Dean of Lis- iad fhein air feadh ceann a dans na, h-Eorpa air more’s collection of Ossianic poems, we come fad is air lend. Ghabh iad tlachd ann a bhi on one by Gillie Callum Mac an Ollaimh on ’mebrachadh air feallsanachd na Greige. Chinn “ Bas Chonlaoich,” an affecting tale, relating sin ardachadh inntinn a bharrachd annta. Cha how a warrior slays his antagonist, who will duirt seo\ uile nach robh faillinn ceangailte ri not divulge his name nor lineage, in ignorance modhanan Ceiltaach mar ri sloigh eile. of the fact that he was his own son. In this poem there occur the following lines : — Fhuaradh braidean brighmhor o ar cairdean “ Cuirear teachdair gu ceann nan con, ’o Albannach mar a dh’ earbamaid ; “ Litreachas ardrigh eagnaidh Ullaidh na Gaidhlige ” o Mhgr. M. MacGill-Fliionnain, Gu Dundealgain grianach glan, seann dun D-D:; “ Bardachd Gaidhlig o linn 1600 gus an ciallach nan Gaidheal.” la diugh ” o Mhgr. Seoras Calder, D.Litt. ; " A message was sent by Ulster’s wise king “ Cebl nan Cedlteach an Albainn ” o Mhgr. Mac' To sunny, fair Dundalgin, an Rothaich, Tigh-an-Uillt. Bho ’n Ollamh The old wise fort of the Gael.” Wa,tson, LL.D., fhuaradh braid air rian oilein an The wise fort, of the Gael is not a happy ren- Albainn. Tha fios againn uile air comas an dering of “ dim ciallach, etc.” There is a pro- Ollaimh Watson a bhi leudachadh air a,’ chuspair verbial saying, “ Co ciallach ri cnoc.” “ As seo, a thaobh an eblais a dhearbh e cheana, mu’n staid as a, hill.” The steadfast fort of the phuing. Labhar Mgr. D. Mac Coinnich air saobh Gael has a more appropriate sound. In the chreidimh is sean chleachdaidhean' dhaoine same poem, the youthful combatant, who meets o chein. Bidh tuille again Fa radh mu na h- with so tragic a fate, reveals his secret when all braidean seo anns an ath aireamh. Aig an la too late: — mu dheireadh de’n choinneimh labhair Diuc “ Is mi Conlaoch Mac Na, Con, oighre dligheach Adhaill mu na Gaidheil anns a choitchionntas, Dhun dealgain.” agus chomhairlich e dhaibh an suil a chumail air “ Conlaoch I, Cuchullin’s son, lawful heir of nithean an ama, is air na, tha rompa; gun a bhi great Dundalgin.” ag amharc ro thric ’nan deidh. Mar Ghaidheal In another lay, celebrating the prowess of the a chaidh arach am measg Ghaidheal, is comasach Feinn, the scene is laid at Dim-Dealgain : — air an canain a bhruidhinn, bha high aige riamh “ La a robh an Dimdealgainn ; Cuchulainn nan a bhi a’ toirt fainear air cor a luchd duthcha anns cruth deanta.” na Hnntaan a dh’ fhalbh. Dh’ fhuiling na Ceil- “ Once on a day, there was in Dundalgin, tich gu searbh, ann an tomhas, ars’ esan, do cuchullin of the handsome form.” bhrigh gu robh iad sgapta air feadh an t- We find a somewhat different version of the saoghail, an ceaman fad a cheile. Na’n teann- lines first quoted in Dr Cameron’s “ Reliquiae adh iad na, bu dluithe Fa cheile an diugh b’ Celtic®,” vol. i, p. 61 : — fheairde iad e. * * * “ Cuireadh teachdair (gu) ceann nan con o ard- Chriochnaicheadh an t-seachdain Cheil teach righ iongnadh Ullaidh, le cuirm-chiuil an talla, Usher, far an robh mu Gu Dim Dealgan ghrianaich ghlinn, sean dim dha cheud gu leth an lathair. Re na seachduin (galach) nan Gaidheal.” AN DEO-GHEINE. 147 In ‘ Laoidli Osgair,” a.s published in J. F. The credit of the rediscovery of the scene of Caanpbell’s “ West Highland Tales,” we hear of the battle of Dalgen belongs to the late Colonel Oisean and Fionn joining in a dirge for Oscar, Macleod of Saddell, in association with the late who has been mortally wounded. Fionn, his Mr. Hugh MacLean, Tarbert. The former com- grandfather, addresses him— municated the conclusions at which he had arrived to Dr. Skene, who forthwith replied that “ ’S miosa mine a bhiodh tu dheth, the discovery was “ a very happy one and solved Latha Catha sin Uhiin Dealgain, the difficulty.” Colonel MacLeod contributed to the proceedings of the Scottish Society of ’Se mo lanihsa. rinn do leigheas.” Antiquaries of Scotland, 11th November, 1893, “ Worse, my son, wert thou for it an article entitled “ Remarks on the supposed On the battle day of Dim Delain, site of Dalgen,” in which he discusses the sub- ject learnedly and conclusively. It was my hand that made thy healing.” It would appear that, in the course of time, In, the year 563, in which Columba landed the Dim came to have ecclesiastical associations. on our shores, he visited Conall, King of the Dr Skene refers to the enshrining, in 743, of Scots, at a place which the Irish annalists call the relics of St. Treno of Delgen (vol. ii., p. Dalgon. The probability is that at Eilean da 293). Dhealgain, King Conall, Columba’s friend and Colonel Macleod states that the island was patron, granted to' him the island of Iona. The held by Ailean Nan Sop, a sinister figure, who West Loch Dim now emerges into the light of can only be called a man of straw, in a very history. For the struggling colony of Scots destructive sense. Also that “ in the recollec- the year 574 proved disastrous. Their King tion of some old people still alive, the ruins of Conall died, and his son and successor, Duncan, a house or fort were to be seen on the island, with a large number of his tribe, fell in deadly but not a vestige of any building left. strife with the Piets. Tighemac, the Irish Fishermen and others were in the practice of annalist, records in 574, “ Cath Delgen a Cind- taking the stones away as ballast.” I do not tire,” the battle of Delgin in Kintyre (Skene’s know whether such relics as are left, or may “ Celtic Scotland,” vol. i. p. 142, footnote). I yet be brought to the light by the explorer, have understand that the same ancient source con- been taken notice of by the proper persons tains a circumstantial account of the scene of appointed to secure the preservation of ancient the battle, every detail of which goes to monumepts. Better late than never. strengthen the conclusion that the battle was A principal motive which prompted the writr- fought on the shore of West Loch Tarbert, in ing of this sketch was to> solve the question of the neighbourhood of the Dim. In his illus- the derivation of the name of this island. trious History, Skene fails to identify the scene. Colonel Maeleod adds, “ I make no attempt to A charter of the Lord of the Isles (1471) con- explain Da Ghallagan, and leave that to the fuses the issue. The place from which it is learned who devote their abilities to' the study dated is, owing to a clerical error, rendered of place names.” “ Clean da Ghallagan.” The initial letter As a matter of fact, its elucidation needs ought to be E, not C. This gives the correct little learning. The configuration of the island form, Elean da Ghallagan. About the year explains its name. It resembles a “ cuach” 678 were fought the battles of Dimloch, etc, (barb.: Quaich) turned upside down, in these (Skene, i. 276), and it appears that this con- prohibitive days a very appropriate position 1 flict was otherwise described as having been The finger and thumb projections of the fought at a place called Telecho. Skene thinks “ cuach” are represented by two points, a,t oppo- it is merely a corruption of Delgen, an impos- site sides of the island. “ Dealg” means pin, sible conjecture. Telecho is not a corruption but apii alternative name. It is nothing more skewer, bodkin, goad. “ Breabadh an aghaidh or less than Tigh-locha,, and is equivalent to nan dealg,” “ Kicking against the goads.” It is Dunloeha, above referred to. By the same my convinced opinion that Eilean da Dhealgain token, there is a glen to the north of the West means “ two-point island.” Loch, which commands from its upper reaches D. J. Macdonald. a magnificent prospect of this beautiful inlet, Killean Manse, Kintyre. the island, and the neighbouring country. The glen bears a name of mysterious form and for- bidding sound—Glen Rolloch. As a matter of TWEED S—Guaranteed Genuine by An fact, it is an attractive and highly descriptive Comunn Gaidhealach—sold by R. G. Lawrie, example of nomenclature—“ Gleann-Rath-Loch, 60 Renfield Street, Glasgow. Suits and the Glen of the Fort Loch.” Costumes made. 148 AN DEO-GREINE. AN DA MHARSANTA. THE TWO MERCHANTS. (Air a leantuinn bho t.d. 137) (Continued from page 137) Chaidh e [Uilleam] do thigh a mhathar, agus He [William] repaired to his mother’s house, cha d’ aithnich a mhathair ©. Cha. robh but sh© did not recognise him, for there was no trusga,n sam bith air nach robh an deidh falbh. article of clothing upon him that had not gone [to rags.] An uair a fhuair e © fhein a gldanadh, ’us a When he had washed, and had put himself in chur air doigh, dh’ fhoighnich © de a mhathair order, h© asked his mother whether h© might am faigheadh f © fuireach an siod an oidhch© be allowed to stay there that night. ud. Fhuair © oead fuireach, ’us chaidh © a luigh, Ha.ving obtained lea,ve to stay, he went to ’us bha is© an tigh na bainnse ud thall. [Chaidh bed. Now she [his sweetheart] was in the a mhathair a null, agus] bhuail iad air gabhail house over the way where the wedding was to naidh©achd o a mhathair, an robh fios aio© gu be. [His mother went over there, and] the d© an duin© a bh’ ann. the people there began to interrogate his mother, whether she knew what sort of a man he was. Thuirt is© nach robh, ach gu’n robh a chainnt She said she did not know, but that his gl© chosmhuil ri cainnt an ait© fhein. speech was very like the speech of their own place. Thuirt beani-narbainnse gu’m bu choir di The bride now said that she ought to go fhein dol a null, § a choimhead co an duin© a over § herself, to see who this man might be; bh’ ann; agus rud-eiginn amharuis aio©, gu’m having a certain amount of suspicion, that it faodadh © bhi, gur © an gill© a bh’ann, an might perhaps be the lad [her old sweetheart] deidh till©adh. who had now returned. Chaidh is© a null, ’us thug is© air maighdinn She went over accordingly, and caused a choimhideachd a bha comhla rithe, coinneal a waiting woman or bridesmaid who was with lasadh. her, to light a candle. Bha © Teigeil air gu’n robh © ’na chadal. Dh’ He was pretending to be asleep, but she went flialbh i, ’us rug i air, ’us dlT aithnich i laith- and seized him, and recognised him instantly, reach bonn ©; agus thuirt i ris, © a dh’ eirigh, and bade him rise, and wash himself. ’us © ’ga ghlanadh fhein. Dh’ eirich © an so, agus ghlan © © fheiri, ’us He arose at this, and washed himself [a an so, leig is© ’fhaicinn gur h-i fhein a bh’ ann; second time?] and then she let it appear that ’us thuirt i ris ged a bha © ma-r a bha ©, gu’n it was indeed sh© herself; and she told him cuireadh is© air doigh e gl© mhath. that notwithstanding the plight he was in, she would equip him well and set him on his feet. Thuirt ©san nach b’ urrainn © seasamh riu [a But he replied that he would never be able thigaadh] * a thilleadh an fhir a thainig air to withstand the people [who would come] * to aghaidh. drive away the newcomer who had appeared upon the scene. Thuirt is© gu’m foghnadh is© dha,, gu’n robh She answered that she would support him ; a misneach na. b’ fhaarr an drasd; gu’n robh i that her courage was firmer now; that she had feadh nan litrichean aig a, h-a.thair, ’us gu’n d’ been through her father’s papers, and had fhuair i litir phosda ann. found there the letter or deed of [her] marriage [with him.] J Dh’ fhajbh i comlila, ris gu buth, ’us So she went off with him to a shop, and pur- cheannaich i trusgan, ’us chomhdaich i gu h- chased clothing and had him attired most ana,barrach pongail e, ’us thug i dorlach airgid punctiliously. She gave him a supply of dha cuideachd, airson © fhein a sheasamh, an money besides, that he might be able to support ait© sam bith. himself with dignity anywhere.

oaring,t For ma£” “ faigh,” “ get,” in the sense of being allowed, see “ Wee MacGregor,” “ Will I get § The liberty of the bride, before marriage, deserves attention. ( eadh *” “An; the fhir”total plnasebeing theseems genitive, to demand is governed some verb by ofthe motion antecedent before verbalit, which noun was in omitted “a thill- by the Jscribe. She had evidently been kept in ignorance of the existence. of the marriage contract. AN DEO-GREINE. 149 Bha bcaairnarbaiimse air cliall, ’us cliau [All this time] the bride had been missing, fliaigheadh an flioadliainn a tliainig greim and they who came [to seek her] could not so oirre. f much as get a hold of her. f Thug i leatlia [e] an la’r-na-inhaireach a dh’ But on the morrow, she took him up to the ionnsuidh uinneagan tigh a h-athar. windows of her father’s house. Thainig a h-athar a mach gus a grad- Out came her father in order to kill her at niharbhadh, chionn i a dh’ fhalbh leis an duine once, because of her going about with this man, so, ’us gun fhios co a bh’ arm. An uair a when nobody even knew who he was. When thainig a h-athair air a’ chuthach mar so, ’us her father came forth in this manner, mad with iad ’ga chumail air ais, thug ise an litir rage, the people present holding him back, she [phosda] a mach a a poca; ’us sheall i dhaibh i. took the deed of marriage out of her pocket, and showed it to him. Cha robh dad aca an sin ach gu’n robh i They had nothing for it then [they had no pdsta, ’us gu’m bitheadh a h-uile rud aca. alternative for it then] but [to admit] that she was married, and that they [twain] should have all [the goods of William’s father and hers.] Chaidh iad an so chun a’ chaisteil. Agus Thereupon they went to the castle. And rinneadh a leithid de bhainis aims a’ chaisteal, such a wedding was there celebrated that none nach cualas a h-aicheadh de bhainis riamh. ever heard of any that surpassed it. And of Cha d’ fhag e gin de na seann daoiriie a biia arm the old men present, particularly the old men an uair a bha e ’na bhalach, gun an cur air an who had been living there when he was a boy, daoraich le fion. he left not one whom he did not make thoroughly drunk with wine t In another and similar tale, the people who come to look for the bride are made help- lessly drunk, after which their detention becomes easy. From Joanna MacCrimmon, Caolas na Sgeire, Berner ay, a native of Skye, and descendant of the celebrated piper of the same name. Father, grandfather and uncles, pipers. Learnt this tale from her grand-uncle, Angus MacCrimmon, about 24 years ago. He was well past 60 years of age at the time. (The tale was taken down about August, 1859.) NOTES AND TRANSLATION.—By J. G. MACKAY, London. From the MS. Collections of the late J. F. The following incidents, in fairly similar OnCampbell the flyleafof Islay, of Iainthe OgMS., He, Campbell Vol. x., 154.has sequence,Two men, are fathers,found in usuallyseveral Gaelicmerchants, tales. con- written:—“154.60. Joanna MacCrimmon, An da Mharsanda.Berneray, Aug.,Feby/ 59. tractinfant thatdaughter the infant of the son other, of theshall one wed and when the aHector lion inMacLean a desert (transcriber).island and a deadA manman whoand thethey marriagecome of age.contract. Each fatherThe children keeps a arecopy left of helpsThe themabsence out—Queer.” of full-stops in one or two of the in Onetotal of ignorancethe men, usuallyof the contract.the one who has the Joannalonger paragraphsMacCrimmon gives was the almost impression breathlessly that son,ous violationpresently dies.of the Thejoint other contract, man, indetermines treacher- eagerand desirous and emphatic that the in significance her telling of of the the scenes tale, ownto convert use, settle the goodsthem onof his owndead daughter,friend to andhis shemust describedhave thought should much be offully the realised.tale, and per-She havebridegroom, her eventually but to married,some other not tosuitor the originalwhose hapsare distinguishedbelieved in it. by Herthe subordinateabsence of thesentences finite theriches treacherous shall make man, him, more in ofthe a worldlymatch forview hisof veryverb : Gaelic,this makesan effect her enhancedstyle very bygraphic her happy and daughter.The treacherous man takes his dead friend’s groupsuse of herconjunctions, phrases into with pictures, which clear she and deftly firm sentlyson into finds his that household the boy isand getting employ, very but fond pre- of oftion. outline, Her and last ensured sentence of coherence contains anda point connec- of fore,his daughter, to carry andout shehis ofwicked him. scheme,In order, he deter-there- syntax“ gun anworth cur,” examination,where one might viz., have the expected, phrase somemines perilousto send theadventure. boy away In to several foreign stories, parts, onhe doubt,“ gun awas chur.” to be comprehensive,Joanna’s intention and the here, use noof givesor maroon the sailors him. ordersSometimes to throw the him boy overboard, is to be onthe thisplural ground. pronoun Nevertheless, may perhaps she orbe thedefended scribe slainThus upon the arrival.boy naturally becomes the hero of spectrefailed to drop say outhow ofand the when story. the lion and the theand piece,the plots but andthough letters his forged various against adventures, him by 150 AN DEO-GREINE. the enemy keep him for a long while away from telling him that he will not deprive him of his everyhome danger,and beauty, comes he safely is of outcourse of everyrescued predica- from “ Keep thy son, I will not take him f*om preventment, and some always rival arrives from marryinghome just his in rightfultime to thee.blessing Thoube thine.” shalt see me no more; a farewell modernlove. Innovel these writers particulars, are just allplagiarists, will agree merely that canIn setsome out tales, on hisit happensdangerous that journeys, before ihe he heroand thousandfollowing yearsthe lines ago laidby thedown Gaelic for themshennachies, several linesthe heroine in the discoverdesks of theirtheir respectiverespective marriagefathers, oldwell andshown experienced by the length hands of in thethe runbusiness, their talesas is talesand shylythe young show thempeople to are each drawn other. towards In othereach same.have had ,and the deathless popularity of the othertracts naturally,till late in andthe dotale. not discover the con- GaelicIn our tales present that resemblestudy, andit, the in herothe groupis always of fil Theythe contractalways think of marriage it a point by of weddinghonour to eachful- , hehelped had by reverentlythe ghost of someonegiven toprotection whose remains and proxy,other. whenThough they entered were too into young on their either behalf to con- by sepulchre.identity at once,In our and tale, tells the the ghost hero discloseswhat it washis sentabout or it, object, they alwaysor indeed seem toto knowregard anythingthe con- thatthe ghosthad prompted does not himdo tothis assist till him.the endAs aof rule, the bytract themselves, as binding when as ifof it age had to been do so,entered and withinto meetingtale. Instead, with the he hero,usually a promisedemands ofat paymenthis first theirThe eyesGrateful open. Dead. Even such remotely, befor theservices hero’s to first-born be rendered. son. TheThe heropayment agrees is to derthall,ancient races who asbelong the Cro-Magnon to the Pleistocene and the Nean- and him.this bargain,Later on,and a thechild ghost is born accordingly to the hero, rescues and foodGlacial with epochs, their dead.used to Theybury evidently implements thought and theknows ghost who comes it is whoto claim is knocking it. The at hero the door,generally and thatwith thecare, remains and must of the have dead had should some beprimitive treated hiswhat child he hasis hard,come thefor, herobut thoughfeels bound parting to fulfilwith innotion resurrection. of reverence, They and must some also primitive have thought belief honourablehis share ofconduct, the bargain.the ghost Pleased then atstates his thatprotected ghosts theirwould remainsbe grateful or bones,to any andman showwho herothat hadhe wasprotected, the man and whosethat that dead was remains the reason the Stoi'iestheir gratitudeof ghostly ingratitude some practicaland stories manner. that greathe had relief helped of him,the hero,and then,finishes no doubtthe story to theby veryinculcate great reverenceantiquity. for the dead, must be of a

FRAGMENTS OF GAELIC SONGS. “ Oh ! happy love where love like this is found, Oh ! heartfelt rapture bliss beyond compare; I have no doubt that everyone interested in I’ve paced much this weary mortal round, Gaelic song must have frequently from time to And sage experience bids me thus declare,-— time picked up—consciously or unconsciously— If heaven one draft of heavenly pleasure spare, verses, or sometimes lines, suggestive of com- One cordial in this melancholy vale, positions which, when known in their complete- ’Tis when a loving, youthful, modest pair ness, would in all probability have formed lyrics In other’s arms breathe out the tender tale of rare sweetness. It may, perhaps, be safely Beneath the milk-white thorn that scents the predicted that, some of the best song writers evening gale.” may have built up not, a, few of their rarest gems I remember hearing in the days of my youth on floating stanzas and couplets which inspired -—a time of sacred memories—a few verses sung the necessary sentiment and motif. to the tune of that well-known and deservedly I seem to find myself to-night wandering popular song composed by Thomas Lyle, and among those “ ruins” in Songland. It is a golden entitled “ Kelvin Grove,” which I should like hour. Night has raised her sceptre and pro- immensely to see completed. Should any of claimed her sovereignty. The moon casts her your numerous readers, Mr. Editor, be able to pale beams across bank and brae. The dragons send you a copy of the original words, none of worldliness have gone to sleep, and beauty would be more pleased than I. In all likely and loveliness in fairy form dance about in places known to myself I have searched for ecstatic joy. them, but so far unsuccessfully. In the cir- A lovely old-world creation breathe® over the cumstances I have supplicated the Muses to lend temple of my soul. Its music awakens the me their aid, with a view to restoring the com- dweller within. It is the old, old story— position, and the following is the result. I £N DEO-GREINE. 151 have retained every word that I have ever heard ’S toigh leam te ’n fhuilt liibaich, dhualaich ; of the original: — ’S toigh leam an te chuachach, dhonn. “ Tuiginn aon nair edle ’n Dim, ’S toigh leam, etc. Anns’ eibhneach, 0! Far an cinn a’ choille dhliith, ’S toigh learn an te ’bhbjdheach, mhaiseach ; Anns’ eibhneach, 0! ’S toigh leaui an te channach dhoim. Far an guinne bhios am tiiir, ’S toigh leam, etc. ’S far’m bi ’chubhag ri gug-giig; Beul bho meachair an tig gaire; ’S is cian aon ait eile’s duthaieh, Guth bho’m binne failte’s form. Anns’ eibhneach, 0! ’S toigh leam, etc. “ Far am bi na cluaintean gomi, Anns’ eibhneach, 0! Tha i cuimir’s tha. i finealt; ’S nai h’uillt bheaga’s binne toirm, ’S i mo ribhinn an te dhonn. Anns’ eibhneaoh, 0! ’S toigh leam, etc. Far an guirme bhios am fraoch, ’S far an seinn na h-eoin air chraobh, Bho ’n a tha, i dhomh cho dileas, Far an d’innis sinn ar gaol, Bidh mo chridh-sa do ’n to dhonn. Anns’ eibhneach, 0 1 ’S toigh leam, etc. “ ’S trie a chomhlaich mi’s mo ghaol, And what a soul-satisfying feeling of old-world Amis’ eibhneach, 0! repose one finds created by such words as the Ann an coille dhluth a’ cliaoil, following, restored, to a certain extent, as the Anns’ eibhneach, 0! composition is :—- An uair bhiodh cronan aig a’ gliaoith, A’ caithidh seachad aig ar taobh, Air ciil a’ chinnean, ’S grian a’ dearrsadh air na racin, Beul a,’ chinnean ; Anns’ eibhneach, 0! Ciil a’ chinnean bhbidhich. “ Biodh aig righrean ard an gloir, Anns’ eibhneach, 0! Bidh caoraich agus minneanan Agus cumhachd far an deoin, Air ciil a’ chinnean bhbidhich, Anns’ eibhneach, 0! Air cul a’ chinnean, etc. Ach thoir dhomhsa bhi learn fhin, Feadh nam preasan geugach, min, Gobhair bg is cireagan A chuideachd ort-sa ’gliraidh mo cliridh, Air cul a,’ chinnean bhbidhich, Amis’ eibhneach, 0 ! ” Air ciil a’ chinnean, etc. I have some difficulty with the refrain, “ Anns Crodh-laoigh am rneasg nam bioragan eibhneach.” The person from whom I took Air cifl a’ chinnean bhbidhich: down the broken lines I liave been able to Air cid a’ chinuean, etc. recover seemed to say “ Ann eibheach.” What can your readers make of this? I have made ’S gur trie a rinn mi ’n iomaineadh the best of it according to my own judgment. I Air cifl a’ chinnean bhoidhich. mean “ Amns-achd,” of course, by the contrac- Air ciil a’ chinnean, etc. tion “ Anns’.” Still another voice breathes o’er the garden Tlia lusan ciibhraidh’s measanan of my soul. Somebody under the influence of Air ciil a’ chinnean bhbidhich. the tender passion sang—and it would seem as Air cul a’ chinnean, etc. if he could not help expressing himself so—in words only a few of which have come within my ’S tha barrach iir is priseanan ken ; but until someone supplies the original let Air cul a’ chinnean bhbidhich. us be content with the following: — Air cul a’ chinnean, etc. ’S toigh leam an te dliilis, dhonn; ’S gur oeblmhor seisd nan iseanan Mi bho m’ leannan’s fhada leam j Air ciil a,’ chinnean bhbidhich. ’S toigh leam an te dhilis, dhonn. Air ciil a’ chinnean, etc. Mebir is grinne dheanadh sgriobliadh, ’S bu trie mi aotrom mireanach Miog-shiiil a dh’ fhag m’ inntimi trom. Air cul a’ chinnean bhbidhioh. ’S toigh leam, etc. Air ciil a’ chinnean, etc. ,152 AN DEO-GREINE. It is a common understanding that not a fe gliaol mi; Burns are absolutely on the same plane—the ’Ga d’ chumha. cha bhi mi. same in conception and expression—as those of our Gaelic lyric composers; while at the same ’Ga d’ chundia, clia. ’n ’eil mi, time the bardic relationship is also undisput- Ged a their iad a chaochla.; able. Another relative fact of considerable ’Ga d’ chumlia cha bhi mi. importance is tliat of their having, according to indications innumerable, been in the great bulk ’S a dh’ aindeoin co thedreadh original Gaelic words to the airs that would Cha cheil mi mo ghaol dhuit; appear to have made their way southwards. ’Ga d’ chumha cha bhi mi. I used to hear broken lines sung to an air which seemed to me to suggest “ The Lea Rig” Tha m’ inntinn a’ lasadh so closely as to indicate a possible original con- Ris a.’ mhaise tha. t’ aodann; nection, and I feel constrained to submit the ’Ga d’ chumha cha bhi mi. following, also to some extent built up anew, by way of preserving some sweet old-time expres- Tha do chneas mar an eala., sions and a sentiment that is peculiarly attrac- ’S cho geal ris an fhaoilinn; tive when dressed up in Gaelic : •— ’Ga d’ chumha cha bhi mi. Tha. do phbg mar an bsirist, “ Mo rim air Maili bhoidheach, ’S do bhilean mar chaOrann ; ’Si Maili bhbidheaoh mhiogshuileach; ’Ga d’ chumlia. cha bhi mi. Mo rim air Maili bhoidheach ; Cha ghabhainn or nan Innseann oirr’; Troigh chruinn am brbg shocrach, Cha ghabhainn fonn, elm ghabhainn spreidh; ’Shiiibhleas faiche gle aotrom. Cha ghabhainn oeud criin rioghail oirr’; ’Ga d’ chumlia cha bhi mi. ’S cha dhealaich mi ri m’ bheb ’S ’ga d’ chumha cha bhi mi Ri mo Mhaili bhbidheach mhiogshuileach. Ged a dhiobair thu ’n uair so. “ A latlia’s a dh’ oidhche tha mo smuain Air te a’ ghluasaid fhinealta; The following must be my last fragment on Is ged ai shiiibhlainn talamh’s cuan, this occasion. It sings to a well-known old Cha leiginn bhuam air dhichuimhn i; native air: — Is amn tha h-iomhaidh ’n gearradh buan Air cridlie truagh tha ’g iobairt di; Och mo chumha, ’s mo leireadh; ’S cha dhealaich mi ri m’ bhed Rinn m’ eudail mo mhealladh- Ri mo Mhaili bhoidheach mhiogshuileach. Tha thu foghainteach, laidir; “ ’N uair thuiteas feasgar feadh nam bruach, Tlia thu tabhachdach, smeara.il. ’S a ghrian mu shuaa ag isleachadh, Bidh mise’s te mo ghaoil air chuairt Ann an eideadh a’ Ghaidheil, Am measg nan cuach-phreas min-dhuill- Air an t-sraid bu tu ’n gallan. each; Ged nach d’ rinn thu mo phbsadh, ’S an sgeul a gheibh mi bho mo ghaol Tha bu chbir dhuit mo mhealladh. Co air an trsaogh’l da. ’n innsinn e; ’S cha dhealaich mi ri m’ bheb ’Sa liughad ceum uallach Ri mo Maili bhbidheach, mhiogshuileach. Thug thu suas gu tigh m’athar. AN DEO-GREINE. 153 I now conclude in the hope that submitting CRUIN=EOLAS ALBA. these old-world fragments of song, restored in a considerable measure, as I wish it to be under- 21.—Rocsbrogh. stood they are, may result in at least some of Tha Siorrachd Rocsbrogh a deas air S. Abar- them being recovered in all their original loveli- iiig agus coltach rithe sin air crich Shasuinn. ness. Gleannach. Eadar Rocsbrogh agus Sasuinn tha na Mill Chebhiot, agus tha an t-siorrachd air fad cnoc- ach. Air an aobar so tha moran cliaorach air an arach, agus mar chomach ri sin tha calanas air LAOIDH MHAOIL-IOSA. na h-oibrichean a’s aiimxeile. Tha scan cham- paichean nan Romanach ri ’faicinn gus an latlia [By the Rev. Malcolm Macleod, M.A., ’n diugh. Ann an ceann-bhaile na siorrachd Lochgilphead.] ledbrogh chithear muillean-clo, agus tobhta Tlie following simple and beautiful hymn is seann abaid. Tha, clo agus flainein air an from the “ Liber Hymnorum,” a collection of deanamh aim an Habhaig air Abh. Tebhiot. old Irish and Latin hymns. The “ Liber Ann an Kelso agus Mealros tha seann abaidean Hymnorum” is contained in two MSS.; one in a mhill na Sasunnaich. Trinity College, Dublin, written about the end of the eleventh century; the other used to be 22—Eaglais-seile. in the library of St. Isodore’s, Rome, but is now Cnocach mar Rocsbrogh tha Siorrachd in the Franciscan Convent, Dublin. It also Eaglais-seile air a.’ * toirt thairis gu mor do was written at the end of the eleventh century, chaoraich, agus tha deanamh clb a’ cmnail or at the beginning of the twelfth. Our par- moran dei’n hsluagh ann an cosnadh anns na ticular hymn is not found in the latter MS. bailtean, gu h-araidh Eaglais-seile, an ceann- The author is Maol-Iosa, probably the coarb of bhaile, agus Gala-seile. St. Patrick, who died in 1086. So that the hymn would have been composed during the 23— Peebles. last half of the eleventh century — about 860- years ago. Yet all the words, except two, are Le srathan breagha agus aonaichean feurach, still in common use in the Highlands. It tha S. Pheebles a’ giiilan uachdar math chaorach shows that Gaelic dies hard 1 * a,gus tha gnlomhachas eile na, duthcha an croch- I give a niodem Gaelic translation. The adli air so. Tlia fighedeireachd a’ dol air adhart metre is rinnard. ann am Peebles agus Inbhirlithean. Anns a’ Maol-Isu dixit: bhaile mu dheireadh tha tobraichean de uisge In spirit noeb immunn - innunn ocus ocunn; meinneil a tha air am meas slainteil. Ini spirut noeb chucunn - taet a Christ co 24— Dun-Fris. hopunn 1 Anns an t-siorrachd so tha aonaichean In spirut noeb d’ aittreb - ar cuirp is ar n-anma farsuinn agus srathan boidheach a’ toirt toraidh diar snadud co solmh - ar gabud ar galra. de chloimh, bliochd agus mart-fheoil, muilt- flieoil agus muic-fheoil. Tha, gach seorsa tuath- Ar demnaib ar pheccdaib - ar itfem co n-ilulcc, anais air a chlaachdadh gu buannachdail. Tha A Isu ron noebai, - ron socra de spirut. feilltean cmidh air an cmnail an Dun-fris, agus In spirut. tha deanamh clo agus fighe-bhior am measg Thuirt Maol-Iosa: oibrichean a’ bliaile. Annan, aig beul Abh. An spiorad uaomh ummainn, annainn agus Annan, ri malairt mhara agus imieal-ealdhain. againn, Tha moran de shluagh a,’ tighinn gach samhradh An spiorad naomh chugainn, thig a Chriosd gu gu tobraichean nieine Moffat. h-obann! 25—Cill-Chuithbheirt. An spiorad naomh an aitreabh ar cuirp is ar Tha Siorrachd Chill-Chuibhbeirt cnocach, n-anma, lochanach, gleanntach, srathach. Si Beinn G’ ar dion gu h-eallaimh o ghabhadh ’s o Mheirig an oeann tuath na siorrachd an cnoc a’s ghalair. airde an ceann deas Alba. Tha aiteach, ciob- 0 dheamhnaiblv o pheacaibh, o ifrinn an aireachd agus arach oruidh an measg oibrichean uil’-uilc, brighmhor na diithclia,. Tha feilltean cruidh, A losa dean naomh sinn, saor sinn le d’ chaoraich agus pbr air an cumail an Cill- spiorad! chuithbeirt, an ceann bhaile, agus an Caisteal- An Spiorad. Dhubhlais. 154 AN DEO-GREINE. THE SECRETARY’S PAGE. It is satisfactory to note the interest land- lords and others concerned are taking in the re- Tlia, mi a’ creidsiim gur e so a’ cheud uair a settlement of ex-service men on small holdings. rinnaadh oidlieirp air obair a’ Chomuinn a Among others who are taking a leading part is clnaobli-sgaoileadh aig an am so de’n bliadhna. Sir Reginald MacLeod of MacLeod, who is An deidh obair an Earraioh tliig buain na chairman of a new Association with this object mbna agus ’na dlieigh sin tliig giollachd a’ in view. Old ideals seem to point to realisa- bhuntata agus gea.dliacliail eile, mar sin cba ’n tion. It would mark a new era in the High- ’oil daoina oho deas a thighinn gu coinneamhan. lands if the people were enabled to settle down Biodh sin ’sa roghaiim da rinn an Ceann Suidhe on the land. Then greater attention might be agus mi fhain an deagh obair airson a’ Chomuinn devoted to the cultivation of the language. agus tha shin lan riaraicht© le rath an turuis a A friend in Cardiff sends a cutting from a thug shin do Shiorramachd Phcairfc o cheann Welsh newspaper drawing attention to the ghoirid. Cha bhi saothiach gun siubhal, agus signal progress made by the Czech language. is ioma tedne beag a bheotliaichear. A couple of generations ago not one in every seven of the population could speak the native The Final Syllabus for the Mod is now in the Czech language. Then a wave of national hands of intending competitors, and the new feeling swept over the country, and a great solo competitions should bring forth some good revulsion resulting in a linguistic transforma- songs. There is an abundance of Lochaber tion occurred. The proportion of German- songs to choose from, and competitors should speaking and of Czech-speaking people respec- aim at popularising the lesser known songs. tively has been reversed. By to-day not one Suitable unpublished songs are, to most com- in every seven of the population speaks German petitors, difficult to procure, but if timely appli- as the mother tongue. This change, we are cation is made I shall be pleased to assist com- told, was effected by a band of enthusiastic petitors all I can. Readers of this page who patriots banded together like our union of know of songs suitable for this year’s Special Welsh Societies emphasising everywhere and Competitions would help the cause by com- on every occasion the claims of the old language, municating with me. and the national benefits which would accrue * * * from its general use. The Czech language now The Glasgow High School Gaelic Class Ceilidh occupies an honoured place in the National held their annual pic-nic last month. The University. Braes of Busby is a, favourite rendezvous with * * * Glasgow Gaels, and on this occasion Ceilidh The Glenetive Branch lias held its first members and friends, to the number of about annual meeting, and the members closed the 200, disported themselves in brilliant sunshine session with a ceilidh and dance. Miss Whyte on the wooded slope and grassy dell of “ Braigh was appointed representative to the Executive Bhusbaidh.” Ceilidh nan Gaidheal, at a recent Council. The Kildary Branch (Easter Ross), meeting, decided not to have their “ Cuirm has also, held its first annual meeting, and offioe- Chnuic ” this year. bearers for the ensuing session -were appointed. * * * Rev. J. C. MacNaught, President, is their repre- The Glasgow Gaelic Musical Association held sentative to the Executive Council, and Miss their annual meeting last week. The session Isabella MacLeod, M.A., Balnagown, is the sec- was one of the most encouraging the “ G.G.” retary and treasurer. has ever had, and they are going forward to the Oban Mod confident, of adding to their laurels. A high place in the recent Classical Tripos Mrs. Charles MacPherson, 45 West Graham at Cambridge University was taken by Miss Street, was appointed to represent the Associa- Jean B. Campbell, Aberdeen, daughter of Mr. tion on the Executive Council of An Comunn. H. F. Campbell, Vice-President, and Convener of the Education Committee. Now that we are in new premises with larger * * * accommodation, it would be desirable to form The date of the Mod is now approaching, and the nucleus of a small library. Many mem- it would be a. favour if those who intend con- bers might be disposed to present An Comunn tributing to the Prize Fund, and have not with suitable books which would be available already done so,, would kindly remit, their sub- for consultation on the paid of members and scriptions. visitors. Niall. AN DEO-GKEINE. 155 ORAN GAOIL. Ged robh mi cianail an euslaint’ phianail, Am bred si each fiabliruis gmi rian le doruimi, Le Aonghas MacEacharn, A clieud duals aig Gu’n sgaoileadh m’ iargumn a gliaoil roimh b Mod, 1912. fhiamhsa Mar cheo ’san iarmailt ’sa glirian ’ga fhogar. Form—“ Och mar tha mi.” Seisd. Fhir-thuruis shiubhlas far thonn a nunn Mo cheist an nighneag as deise chi mi, bhuainn Gur tiirsach tinn mi is sgriob do phoig or in, Air long na smiiide gu diitliaich n’ eolais, Mo ghaols’ air ribhirm a’ chuailein shniomhain, Mo shoraidh giulain le gean gu m’ inn leat, Nam meal-shuil nhogach ’s nam mimghruaidh Gur h-i’s reult iuil dhomh gach curs’ an seol mi. ros-dhearg. Ged dh’ fuadaich Samhradh bhuainn Fuarachd CONGRESS IN EDINBURGH. chranndaidh The third annual Celtic Congress was opened ’S fo ilirusgan greannar gach crami is croic air, in the Freemasons’ Hall, Edinburgh, on the 24th Cha ’n iiraich fomi air mo chridhe tromsa, of May, and was continued during the week. Giu' diiibhre Geamhraidh gach aimsir dhomhsa. At the forenoon session the president, Mr Edward T. John, Wales, delivered his inaugural Cul 6rda.il sgiamhach mar neoil na h-iarmailt, address, and thereafter the Rev. Dr. G. Hartwell ’N uair ’phogas grian e tliig fiamh an oir dhetli, Jones, Wales, read a paper on “ The Celt in Siiil mheallach liath-ghorm, rosg glan ’ga h- Ancient History.” The members visited places iathadh of historic interest in the city in the afternoon, Fo’ mhala chiataich le fiaradh ’s boidhch’ innt, and at night they attended a reception in the Fo d’ bhilean ceir-dhearg deiud dionach gle gheal City Chambers given by the Lord Provost. Mar dhisnean reidh ’s iad gun bheuni ’nan Mr. Edward T. John, in his presidential ordugh, address, said that the Celtic race was con- Beul’s biime gleus learn na innoil theudan spicuous in establisliing that divinely ordained ’N uair ’sheinneas m’ eudail gun eisd an sineor- nationalism which must precede the interna- ach. tionalism of the new dispensation. Scotland, Do ghruaidh mar chaoran, do sblios mar fhaoil- though it had discontinued in very regrettable eann degree the use of its ancient Celtic tongue, re- Air uchd a’ chaolais ’ni aotrom seoladli, mained essntially Celtic in race and sentiment, Thig t-anail chaoin-ghlan ’si mar shugh-craobh and its people should be a leading factor in the learn fraternity of Celtic nations, maintaining its pas- Bho mhuineal caol, mil an fhraoich do phog sion for the promotion of popular education, its learn. devotion to letters and to the arts, its battle for political and spiritual independence, and its un- Do phearsa chubhraidh’s deas banail giiilan swerving attachment to the cause of human pro- Gun chearb ri chunntais bho d’ chriin gu d’ gress and freedom. The Celts liad ever been bhroig ort, a most potent factor in the greatness of the Gun bhean ’san duthaich am mais’ thig dliith leading Powers of Western Europe, as they were dhuit to-day of the younger democracies of Northern Le ’fasain iir bho gach ciiirt ’san Eorpa. America, and the overseas Britain. They ’S deas glan do clialpa mar bhradan tarra- looked forward confidently to a. more fructuous gheal future. Celtic cultural propaganda, was never A dhireas borb-shruth tuil gharbh nam m6r- more urgently needed than to-day in the pro- bheann, found materialistic reaction from the idealism Troidh chuimir dhealbhach nan lugh-cheum which inspired the unimaginable sacrifices of foirmeil the past five years in the cause of human pro- Bho ’n eiricli meamnach ’nad lorg am feomein. gress and freedom. The real need of the age Do ghaol ’gam bhuaireadh gach taobh an gluais was the sympathy and comprehension which had mi, ever been the intuition and instincts of the Mo dhreach’s mo shuaimhneas chaidh bhuamsa Celtic rather than the materialist considerations comhla, so readily appealing to the Saxon and Teuton ’S tu’s cuspair bruadair ’s gach aisling shuain spirit. dhomh, The Co-operation op the Celtic People. Gu’m bheil thu ’m smuaintean a Luan ’sa It was this fundamental conception of the Dhomhuach. essentially unifying mission of the Celt which 156 AN DEO-GREINE. inspired the present movement to bring about better fitted to consider dispassionately the the co-operation of the Celtic peoples, who were philosophic problem of the inter-actions of inter- so curiously well placed to effect the course of nationalism and nationalism than-an aggrega- human progress. In the United Kingdom they tion of the Celts of the world, habitually prac- constituted too great a factor to be regarded as tising loyalty to nationality, to the State, and negligible; the United States was acutely con- to the race. The Celt had never regarded scious of the weight and power of its 15,000,000 liberty—the right of national self-government— Irish citizens, not to' speak of the sons and as a dangerous poison, but rather as simul- daughters of Alban and of Cambria; the Over- taneously a sedative and a stimulant. In the seas Dominions bore testimony to Scottish com- present dangerous economic condition of the petence, while Britanny was entitled to pro- kingdom the remedy lay not in bureaucratic minence in the counsels of the great Gallic centralisation, but in drastic and completely de- nation. To command the interest of Celts so mocratic decentralisation. With a world so variously situated the programme and policy of utterly distraught, it remained possible, on the the congress must be catholic and comprehen- lines of recognising the claims of nationality, sive, avoiding narrow exclusions, ever ready to combined with the complete elimination of force consider the aspirations of Celtic peoples where- from the machinery of internal relations, to soever placed—-but taking executive action only anticipatei the early dawn of better days. where substantial unanimity existed. Conse- quently their preliminary gatherings had been The Celt in Ancient History. devoted mainly to purely cultural considerations. The Rev. Dr. G. Hartwell Jones, in his paper The permanent task of the congress was surely on “ The Celt in Ancient History,” said that the first to see that in every Celtic area, full facili- Celtic domain before the Christian era covered ties were provided for the exhaustive study of an area as large as the Russian dominions ; the Celtic languages and literature, the dramatic being composed of a loose aggregate of States, story of the Celtic races, and that everywhere it lacked a unity of governing power, but in ex- the very material contribution of the Celtic tent and duration it fulfilled two conditions of peoples to the literature, history, and develop- empire. The pre-Arayan population of Europe ment of Western civilisation be adequately ap- went down before the flood of Celtic invaders preciated and emphasised. Advantage should from the East; but far sterner and more pro- be taken of the movement for developing adult tracted was the struggle with the Arayan education and ultrarmural University activities. peoples. At first the Celts, whose original habitat The dissemination of knowledge of matters in Europe was almost coterminous with Hesse Celtic through the press, strengthening maga- Darmstadt, the Grand Duchy of Baden, Wurtem- zine literature in the ancient tongue, encourag- berg, and Northern Bavaria., compelled the Ger- ing all forms of Celtic literary activity, de- man tribes to open a path for their valour and manded vigorotis action by the congress, which imposed on them their yoke. They were “ just should also stimulate Celtic art, painting, and warlike and braver than the Germans.” sculpture, architecture, music, and the drama Rhine, Tauber, and Danube were names of Celtic instinct with all the grace and beauty of the origin. Through the medium of the Germans, Celtic tradition. The several Celtic countries Celtic military and political terms were trans- had widely differing problems. Wales had a mitted to Scandinavia. The Celts in the course large immigrant population ; prior to the war of their multitudinous emigrations invaded Gaul emigration was depleting rural Scotland; (now France), which afterwards became the main Ireland was learning to retain her young people seat of the race; the Balkan Peninsula and with most disconcerting results to her perplexed North Italy, where they long constituted a men- rulers. The Celtic cultural movement was thus ace to Rome; Asia. Minor, where they consoli- constrained to have an economic phase in order dated themselves into a soldier community; to safeguard effectually the intellectual and Galatia and Spain, where they were confronted spiritual freedom of the race. None were better by three formidable races and were obliged to entitled, by centuries of oppression, by complete maintain military fortresses to keep them in immunity from designs of territorial aggrandise- subjection. But against Roman military ment to plead for the complete elimination of science they could not prevail, so after several the element of physical force from the solution rebellions had been quenched in blood they suc- of all problems of national and international cumbed, but retained their typical institutions, government. That, was the first and foremost their system of road measurements, their can- of Celtic ideals. In the disappearance of all tonal organisation, and, for the most part, their military considerations lay the maximum hope religion. The Celts chafed less under the for the absolutely unfettered development of Roman yoke everywhere because of their affinity the minor nationalities. No organisation was with the conquerors and the even-handed tolera- AN DEO-GREINE. 157 tion oxtemded to them. British, Scotch, and pendence. If they had been able to keep Irish auxiliaries fought under the Roman eagles together, things would have been quite different. in Asia Minor, Syria,, and North Africa,. The With regard to religion, he specially noted the thousands of Scots who placed their adventurous prominence given to the immortality of the soul swords at the service of the French kings or in the religion of the Celts. He referred to the buckled on their armour to wrest the Holy close relationship between Greek culture and Sepulchre from the grasp of the infidel were Celtic culture, and said that the continuity of only following a tradition handed down from the Celtic ideal was the feature of that culture. the first century of the Roman Empire. A pas- The conference thereafter adjourned. sion for knowledge characterised the Celt,. The Lord Provost’s Reception. Continental Scots in their fall laid Roman cul- The delegates attended a reception given ture under an obligation. Some famous Roman by the Edinburgh Corporation at the City authors were of Celtic descent,—Catullus, Chambers. The guests, who numbered about Statius, Trogus, Ausonius, Livy, and Cornelius 250, included the Earl of Cassillis, Lady Helen Nepos. The Druidical schools, like those of Tod; Professors Watson, John, M'Kinnon, and Autun and Bordeaux, were frequented by Celtic Calder; Colonel M‘Kinnon and Lieutenant- youths drawn from the best families. Oratory Colonel J. M'Gregor. Lord Provost Chesser, possessed a great fascination for them. It was in welcoming the delegates, said that the Con- noteworthy that the father of Roman rhetoric gress represented Scotland, Ireland, Wales, the bore a Celtic name, Pictius Callus. Isle of Man, and Brittany. The aim of the con- gress was to bring together representatives from Devotion to Religion. those areas that they might discuss matters re- To turn to religion, the Celts on embracing garding Celtic language, literature, and music. Christianity carried with them the same devo- Practically every Welshman, could speak Welsh. tion which they had displayed to their nature- In Scotland Gaelic was still spoken by over spirits of sea, and storm, forest and field, gods 200,000 people. They appreciated the work of war and goddesses of fertility, and to the the congress was doing in extending the cult of magic. It was the Celtic saints who influence of Celtic culture. Mr Edward T. started the missionary movement on the Con- John, the president, returned thanks on behalf tinent. Fired by a high Apostolic passion and of the delegates. stirred by the sight of the multiplied miseries of the Continent, they sallied forth in bands of twelve on, their meritorious mission. France, Burgundy, Switzerland, Germany, Austria,, DEALBMCHLUICH CLOINNE. Italy, and Bulgaria, were objects of their solici- tude. The example of a, Columba, and a A CHEUD DUAIS AIG Mod 1914. Columbanus sustained the holy ambition of Le Iain MacCormaig. generation- after generation, and up to the Na Pearsachan. eleventh century a continuous chain of Celtic mansions of charity and hospitality extended Dughall Beag Balach foghainteach across the Continent. No doubt the Celts had Seumas Mac Rath Athair Dhiighaill the defects of their qualities, but their character Marsali Mathair Dhiighaill had revealed a vigorous vitality and a visible Cailean Brathair Sheumais continuity. Were the Celts warlike? The Peigeag Nighean Chailein Great War had shown that their spirit was not Mairi Mhor Bana-dreard dead. Were they devoted to the cause of learn- ing? The rise of the Scotch Universities and CEAIRD. the aspirations of the horny-handed sons of toil Dealbh I. in, Wales after educational facilities proved that Tigh Sheumais anns an t-Srath-mhor. the old instinct had not languished. Were they zealous in missionary enterprise? The mantle (Seumas agus a bhean agus Dughall Beag am of these pioneers descended on a, Livingstone, a mac ’nan suidhe aig am biadh.) Moffat, and a John Williams. The Celts, on Seumas—Tha fichead bliadhna bho nach emerging from the state of turbulence and tin- cualas sgeul bheo air Cailean, brathair t’ athair, selled barbarism and unlearning their ferocity, a Dhiigliaill, agus cha ’n e balachan coltach settled down to enrich and swell the literature riutsa bu choir aghaidh a thoirt air baile mor and the thought of the world. Lunnainn leat fein a dh’ iarraidh duine measg The Rev. J. D. Owen, who opened a discus- nam muilleanan, ’s gun seoladh agad air a sion on the pa,per, pointed out that the great dhreuchd no air aite-comhnuidh. loss to the Celtic world was in the Gaulish inde- Marsali—Seadh, a mhic; ’s gun fhios am 158 AN DEO-GREINE. bheil e beo idir. Agus cuimhnich ciod e tha Marsali—Tha sinn gle lom aonaranach an romhad. Cuimbnich air an ratbad fhada ©adar nochd a Sheumais’s an aon cheann a. th’ agaiim Sratb mor is Lunnainn. Cuimhnich air na air falbh air aineol. Na’m b’ ann ri leabaidh cunnartan is air na droch dha.oine tliachras ort. a leigeadh e thaobh an nochd cha bhithinn ag Nacb lua.ineach a bhios cadal do mhathar a’ gearan; ach ’s e tha ’gam chradh nach bi smaointinn gu’n do bhasaich thu taobh an tuim, roimhe, gus an till e, ach cadal taobh an tuim is no gu’n deach breith ort. leis na ceardan. fasgaiche. Ach, 0, gu’m biodh gach toman cairdeil ris, .agus gu’m biddh eadhon an dris Dughall—Tba misa cur romham gu’m faigb cholgach cho maoth Fa churaiceann is a’ chanach mi mach brathair m’ athar; agus ged a bhiodh mhin, agus gach tom fraoich cho bog ri leab- an rathad na b’ fhaido’s- na b’ fhaide, ’s na bu iteig. cbunnartaicbe ’s na bu chunnartaiche, agus na Seumas—’S e ’n tubaist mhor a chuir an ceardan’s na robairean cho tiugh ris an rainich, eismeil falbh idir e, no e bhi ’na fhbgarrach air tillidh mi gu sabhailte do’n t-Srath-mhor, ’s mi na corsaichean boidheach air am bu choir e bhi lan dir is airgid bho bbrathar m’ athar. ’na oighre. Ach dh’ fhalbh sin agus thainig so, Seumas-—Ach, a laochain, a laochain, ged a ’s cha ’n ’eil againn, a Mharsali, ach foighidinn ruigeadh tu Lunnainn, ciod e mar a gheibh thu a ghlacadh gus an tig fortan is fearr oirnne. mach brathair t’ athar. Ghabh Diighall ’na cheann mo bhrathair fhaot- Dughall—Le bhi foighneachd air a shon air ainn am mach ; ach mu’n teid e fad air a shlighe ainm’s air a shloinneadh. —slighe an fhaoineis—math dh’ fhaodteadh Marsali—Faodaidh tu seasamh aig oisinn fad gu’n atharraich e beachd, agus gu’n till e an aith- bliadhna’s gun an dara leth de na theid seachad ghearr a chumail cuideachd ri athaiFs ri mhaith- ort fhaicinn tuilleadh, no gun ghin diubh riamh air lan Srath-mor aonanwiach. a chluinntinn ainm brathair t’ athar. Marsali (ag eirigh ’na seasamh)—Cha ’n ’eil Seumas—-Seadh; agus, a ridn, cuimhnich againn ach fiughair a, bhi againn ris a’ chuid is nach e ’n Sra.tJi-indr a th’an Lunnainn. Cha ’n fearr. Ciod o bu mliotha learn corsaichean- ’oil facal an sud ach Beurla. Cha ’n ’eil facal farsuinn Shraith-mhoir na’n tilleadh mo bhal- agadsa ach Gaidldig ; is ged a bhiodh tu ’g radh achan dachaidh sabhailte. Ciod e bu mh6 leam “ Cailean Mac Rath ” ri d’ bhed cha bhiodh tu aon saibhreas a chuireadh brathair athair na leotha ach mar uiseig a’ oeileireadh ’san speur. luib, lamh ri toil-inntinn na cuideachd bhig againn fein, ’s ar bbrd daonnan saibhir de ’n t- Dughall — Nuair a ruigeas mi Lunnainn sebrsa th’ ann. Ach chi mi ’n speur a’ dubhach, seasaidh mi air an drochaid mhoir agus bithidh ’s am feasgar a’ fagail beannachd aig an oidhche. mi a’ glaodaich “ Srath-M6r,” “ Srath-Mdr,” Chi mi na beamitan a’ cruinneachadh nan neul fad an latha h-uile latha gus an tog cuideiginn mu’n cuairt orra, agus na glinn uaigneach a’ mi. dubhadh leis na. faileis tliromau Tha ’na h- Seumas—Ach co thogas “ Sra.th-M6r ” an ebin a’ dol gu fois air na. geugan; am fiadh Lunnainn, cabrach a’ cramh a chir air fhaiche shamliaich Marsali—Co: Co? Dhughail. Srath-Mdr fein, far nach cuir sion dragh air. Ach c’ aite an Lunnainn, gu dearbh ! ’n sin ar balachan-ne e fein an nochd a Sheumais (i tuireadh), an ceartair fein nach e dhiiraichd- Dughall—Tha mi falbh co-dhiiibh; agus eadh a bhi dol da leabaidh bhlath fein’s a cheann tillidh mi dachaidh lan oir is airgid bho ud shibs; a,gus nach bu mhilis le mhathair a bhi brathair m’ athar. Beannachd leibh. Cha ag eisdeachd ri sra.nn a chadail a Sheumais ; mhisde sibh mise dhol air an turus so. ■ nach ann agamsa an nochd a tha farmad ris Seumas—Sian leat ma ta, riiin. ’So an tom a tha. cumail fasgaidli air mo bochdainn an t-saoghail ’s an call a thainig Dhughallan. Nach ann agam a tha farmad oirnn a rinn allaban diot. Ach do thilleadh gu ris an fhraoch air am bheil e na shineadh. sabhailte riiin. Ma shoirbhicheas leat cdh’ Nach ann, agam a, tha farmad ris an fhaodteadh gu’n cuir e thu fein air do. cha a.» oiteig anmoich a thig mu’n cuairt air le osainn bho ’n a chuir tubaist, no ceilg, do choir-bhreith ’s a ghluaiseas fhalt. Eudail, nach b’ iad mo bhuait, mhebir a. bh’ ann, 1 Seadh, Sheumais ; agus cha Marsali (a’ tuireadh)—Mo bheannachd leat, ’n iomlaidichinn e air son saibhreas an domhain. a Dhiighaill! Bho nach gabh thu mo diomh- Cha ’n ann an saibhreas idir a tha toileachadh airle. B’ aill learn mo bhalachan a bhi learn air an t-saoghail, ach aims an tea.glach bheag mu’n a’ bhochdainne an Srath-mdr fein nal gu ’n cuairt an teine anns a’ bhothan iriosal. Cha ’n eireadh bend da. Mo bheannachd leat! fhairichear sin gus an la ni iad sgaoileadh. (Falbhaidh Dugliall, agus bithidh atliair ’s a Oclian, cha ’n fhairichear! (Suidhidh iad a’ mhathair a’ tuireadh aig an teine.) tuireadh.) AN DEO-GREINE. 159 Dbalbh II. movement. In the evening a meeting was held in the Schoolhouse, Kinlooh Rannoch, pie- Campa nan Ceard. sided over by the Rev. J. C. MacLellan. The (lad a’ deanamh subhacliais mu’n cuaiit an attendance was small, but all present were teine.) anxious to form a Branch, so that the work of the winter session could be begun under the Mairi Mhor—Gu dearbh, a chuideachd, tha, auspices of An Comunn. After short addresses sion an nochd oirr. ’S ann ’sa.n am a chuir sinn a Branch was formed, and Mr. MacLellan a suas ar pailliuin ; agus creddeadh sibhse gu’m assured the 'officials that the Gaelic reading bheil na craicinn a’ cleith na doilich oimn. Cha. class which he formerly conducted would be ’n ’eil fannad again ri duine tha’m muigh an resumed and continued throughout the session. cmrtair. (Cluinnear taimeanaich.) Nach A very pleasant meeting was held in the cluinn sibh sin. Tha ’n speur a’ spreadhadh os Schoolhouse, Blair-Atholl—Mr. George Forrest, ar cionn. local secretary,^presiding. Following the cus- Ceard I.—Dh’ aithnich mi gu’n tigeadh so an tomaiy addresses, Gaelic songs were sung by deidh teas an la (tairneanach edle). Sud e rithis. Misses Annabella Campbell and J. Menzies, and Nach eil e searbli? Messrs. Fraser, Forrest, and Shaw. At Ballin- Ceard II.—Sgeithidh an Abhainn Mhor an luig the following evening the officials .conferred nochd leis an tuil so, agus ghedbh sinn am bradan with the leaders of that section of the Atholl am maireach ’na thunnachan air a bhruachan Branch, and it is hoped that reading classes and (Tairneanach). Sud e rithis. Cha seall an ceilidhs will be resumed. Mr. MacKay briefly t-uisge air 11 laor no air baillidh. addressed a concert audience in the School, Ceard III.—Gu dearbh, cha chredd mi nach Logierait, over which the Rev. Coll A. Mac- cuala mi glaodh an oeartair. Sud a rithis! An Donald presided, and Mr Shaw sang two Gaelic cuala sibh e (Tairneanach). songs. A meeting was arranged at Pitlochry Mairi Mhor (a’ brodadh an teine)—Cha bhi for 8.15, and the officials had to leave hurriedly ann ach corra ghriothach ’s an tuil an deidh in order to be present at the appointed hour. gluasad a clmr oirre, ag iasgach taobh na. The largest meeting of the tour welcomed the h-aibhne. Co bhiodh am mach an nochd ’na President and Secretary in the Institute, Pit- leithid de aite iomallach ach luchd-siubhail mar lochry. Mr. A. M. Meldrum presided, and in tha sinn fem. introducing Mr. MacKay and Mr. Shaw, gave a (Air a leantuinn.) very interesting and encouraging address. The addresses of the President and Secretary were listened to attentively and were frequently AN COMUNN G AID HEAL ACH, applauded. Mr. Shaw, as is his custom at all meetings, spoke in Gaelic, and was well received. PROPAGANDA CAMPAIGN. Miss MacDonald, local secretary, also addressed Yet another successful tour is to be added to the meeting, after which Mr. Shaw sang two those already reported in the pages of An Deo Gaelic songs. At the close of the meeting ten Greine. The President and Secretary visited new members of An Comunn were enrolled. Perthshire a fortnight ago, beginning by inter- viewing some prominent members at Acham OBAN MOD FUND. and Kemmore. The Rev. Mr. Gillies is to Previously acknowledged, ...... £26 18 6 resume his Gaelic class at Kenmore, and will Lord Abercromby, .. 5 0 0 also conduct one at Acham. Ceilidhs will be organised during the winter, and there is every Mull and Iona Association, 3 3 0 • indication that both these and the classes will Oban and Lorn Association, ...... 3 3 0 meet with success. Lewis and Harris Association, 3 0 0 A meeting of the Aberfeldy Branch was called Earl of Cassillis, 1 1 0 to receive the President and Secretary. In J. R. Rannerman. Esq., Glasgow, ... 0 10 0 the absence of Major Scott, president of the A. Stewart, Esq, Glenlyon, 0 2 6 Branch, Mr. MacNaughton presided over a Satnuel MacGavin, Esq , Strathaven, ... 0 5 0 gratifying attendance considering the lateness J. C- Sprott, Esq , Glasgow, 0 5 0 of the season. Interesting addresses were Dr. Atholl Robertson, M.C., 0 7 6 given by the Chairman, Mr. MacKay, and Miss Turner, Kilchamaig, ...... 3 0 0 Mr. Shaw. Gaelic reading and singing classes Mrs. Cairns MacLacblan, 110 are being arranged for next session. The fol- Malcolm MacLeod, Esq., Glasgow, ... 110 lowing forenoon Mr. MacKay and Mr. Shaw paid a round of visits, interviewing friends of the £47 18 e 144 AN DEO GREINE. PUBLICATION FUND. The Shop for Gaelic Books. MissA.mount Turner, Previously Kilchamaig, acknowledged, per Rev. ...G. £186 2 8 Price Postage W. MacKay, 3 00 Gaelicfor Self-Taught, Beginners, withAn Introduction an imitated to pronun- Gaelic KilmartinMacKay Branch, per Rev. G. W. 6 5 0 ciation invaluable to Learners, complete, 1/6 2d Lochalsh Branch, 2 13 6 An Rosarnach,Gaelic authors, a galaxy 2 volumes of the ready, best moderneach 10/- 6d Hugh Mathieson, Esq., M.A., ... 0 5 0 TheBardach Wizard’s Leodhais, Gillie, Lewis with Bards, Gaelic now and ready, English 6/- 6d £198 6 2 opposite pages, 2/6 4d NEW MEMBERS HandbookFionn ann anfor Tigh Speakers a’ Bhlair at Gaelic Bhuidhe. Meetings, A Tale, - 3d Jd|d Mrs. DonaldLIFE. Craig, Bearsden. Reid’s New Elementary Comae of Gaelic, - 1/- 3d Mrs. VV. J. Watson, Edinburgh RosgReiteach Gaidhlig. Moraig. Selections Popular of Gaelic Gaelic Play, Prose, -- 2/66d 4dIJd Mrs.Neil J.MacKinnon, L. Stewart, Perth.Simla. Posadh Moraig, sequel to Reiteach Moraig, 6d l|d Gen. Sir Frederick Campbell, K.C.B., D.S.O., MacBain’sMacLeod and New Dewar’s Gaelic EtymologicalGaelic-Eng. English-Diet., 12/6 6d David MacLaren,Pitlochry. Esq., Glasgow. Gaelic Dictionary, - - - - 12/6 6d James MacLaren, Esq., Glasgow. 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WE SPECIALISE IN HAND-WOVEN TWEEDS, REAL HARRIS, ST. KILDA, WEST HIGHLAND, ETC. LADIES’ GENTLEMEN’S COSTUMES,AND SUITS, IN THESE FABRICS ARE ALWAYS FASHIONABLE, AND GIVE THE MAXIMUM OF WEAR. Patterns Free in all New Shades. Mackay’s Palace Hotel, J. G. MALCOLM & BINGHAM, CHARING CROSS EDINBURGH. GLASGOW. —Highly Recommended.| ! TABLEBEDROOM, D’HOTE ATTENDANCE, BREAKFAST, LIGHT, from AND 5s. En Pension Rates on Application. HUGH MACKAY, Proprietor. Na Stad gfus an ruig thu so. AN DEO-GREINE Leabhar XV.] Ceud Mios an Fhogharaidh, ig20. [Earrann n. Ma chreideas sinn sgriobhadairean inn- CLAR-INNSIDH. tinneil, bha na Ceiltich ainmeil air a bhi ag altrum smuaintean aid agus grinn, mar gu’m AnAdhartas, Comunn Gaidhealach at Oianlarich, ... -1 16361 biodh iad a’ dol air iteig na h-inntinn gu ThreeOran d’on Generous Reisimeid Gaels, Chataich (93rd Regiment), • - - 116567 binnein na h-iomlanacbd, a reir barail Spencer. The Secretary’s Page, - - 168 Thatar ag radh gu’n do chinn an togradh seo EchoesDealbhchluich from the Oloinne, late Celtic Congress, 16974 annta troimh an co-chomunn ri feallsanaich na Oban M6d Fund, 176 Greige o shean. Ma tha sin fior, tha e na dhearbhadh, air an deidh-inntinn anns an robh ADHARTAS. na sean Cheiltich, os ceann Phaganaich eile, a’ gabhail tlachd. Tha ’n t-al a thainig ’nan Cha ’n ’eil neach Tiar measg a bheir a bheag deidh an greim anns a’ cheart strl gun athadh no mhor de umhail do chor ar n-ama nach faic —a’ dol mu’n cuairt air a’ chlar gun lasachadh, eas-cdrdadh is bruailean do gach seorsa a’ ach gun mhoran adhartais fhoillseachadh. bruchdadh a mach air gach taobh dheth, agus is ’Nar linn fhein tha crochadan na h-uarach air i a’ cheist a ehoiumcheas ruinn uile, ma ghabhas sheogan, math dh’ fhaoidte’ tuille ’sa choir, an sinn beachd ar a’ ghnothuch : —Ciod is aobhar uair a tha sith agus tamh a dhith air an do’n aimhreit ? Bidh gach fear ag altrum a t-saoghail. Cha ’n fhaicear ’n ar n-am moran bheachd fhein a reir a thogradh inntinn. A eagnuidheachd an giidan na comh-fhlaith- nis tha deidh is ard-thogradh a faotainn greim eachd. Tha iad an geimhlean an luchd- air inntinnean a chuid as beachdaile de ar iiiil a thagh iad dhaibh fhein. Mar sin is comh-chreutairean, co-dhiubh a bhios iad ard diomhain a bhi ’medrachadh, cho fad ’sa tha no iosal an inbhe. Cruthaichidh iad dealbh- airgiod ’ga charnadh suas leotha. inntinn a bhios maiseach, an dochas gu’n tig an cruth gu bhi mar rian air feadh na diithcha Cha dhroch comharradh idir e an uair a d’ am bum iad. Ged nach biodh ann ach thdisicheas daoine ri beachd-smuaineachadh tuaiream, glacaidh e aire cuid de’n phobull, air nithean a tha dliith cheangailte ri an cor agus diiisgidh e smuain annta a chuireas iad aimsireil fhein. Is baothaireachd a chaoch- gu bhi a’ deilbh air a son fein. Tha smuain- ladh. Mar shaoranaich ann an rioghachd a tean de’n t-seorsa seo brighmhor do leas choisinn an t-ainm, “ Diithaich na Saorsa,” tha dhiithchanan. Gu trie ’sann asda a tha coir aca, cha’n e mhain air nadur na saorsa sin adhartas a’ fas—rud a tha, is a bha, a’ cur a thoirt fainear ’na fad is ’na leud, ach mar an dragh air daoine o thus. Ma bheir sinn speis coudna bunachas ghnothuichean a rannsach- do eachdraidh chi sinn gur h-iomadh tuisleadh adh a reir an atharrachaidh a thainig an a thainig an rathad slighe an adhartais, gur h- rathad ciiisean ar n-ama, agus na dian iarr- iomadh cnap-starraidh a chaidh a dhealbh a tasan a tha air greim a ghabhail air a’ phobull chum nit beau fhagail mar a bha iad. Ach thall ’sa bhos. Am feadh ’sa thdisicheas a’ cha fhreagair sin do chiirsa an t-saoghail an chomh-fhlaithe, co-dhiubh tha iad a’ saor- diugh. achadh le neart am bothaig is spionnadh an gairdein, no leis a’ chomas a thig o eanchainn 162 AN DEO-GREINE. gheur, ri smaoineachadh mu nithean a cheart- an tir, thog adhartas a cheann. ’Nar tir achadh air a’ mhodh a chordas ri reuson, agus fhein, mu leth cheud bliadhna roimh’n diugh, aim an solus na thachair gus a seo, gheibh (mid Victorian) cha’n. urradnnear a radh le Firinn is Ceartas an aite fhein am measg ar firinn gu robh adhartas a b’fhiach ri fhaicinn comh-chreutairean, biodh iad sin maithean no an ealdhain is innleachdan a rinn fior fheum mithean. Gun teagamh faodaidh am feart do ghniomhachas de gach sebrsa. Ma bha adh- ris an canar smuain, no beachd, a bhi ceart no artas fo riaghladh lagh aig an am ud, cha robh cearr. Tha sinn idle buailteach air tuille ’sa an lagh sin ach fann, oir bha na bochdan ana- choir de aite a thoirt do chlaon-bharail a barrach bochd, agus bha an fheadhainn a bha chionn gu bheil ar cor saoghalta fein a tighinn beaiiteach a’ fas na bu bheairtiche. Is dibm- ’san eadraiginn. Tha seo fior co-dhiiibh tha hain, saoilidh mi, a bhi an toir air dearbhadh neach bochd no beairteach, oir, aim an tomhas gu bheil rud ris an canar “ lagh an adhartais ” mdr, tha gne mhic an duine coimh-ionahn. ri mhothuchadh am measg chuisean. Is e mo bheachd nach ’eil e aim, air clio dian ’sa bhith- C’arson tha moran ’nar la fo amharus mu ear a rannsachadh air a shon. Is e a th’againn bheachdan na comh-fhlaitheachd ? Direach a ach atharraichean de gach sebrsa mar nadur de chionn gu bheil iad a’ meas nam beachdan sin lagh—a’ chuidheal a’ dol mu’n cuairt car cearr, ain-fhiosrach, agus mar sin claon- tamuil air aon rathad, agus a’ sleamhnachadh bhreitheach ; nach ’eil an rian fo bheil iad ag air ais le tuisleadh air chor-eigin. Tha adh- imeachd gu math na duthcha. Cha luthaig artas aim an nithean modhaneil is beusail an iad gu’n cuirteadh an ailm fo achlais ’sam bith crannchur a’ phpbuill air dheireadh fhathast. ach ’nan asgaill fhein. Tha siiil no dha air Math dh’fhaoidte’ gu’n cuir an rian iir ris a an fhalmadair an diugh le buidhnean a tha bheil daoine an diiil nithean an altan a cheile creidsinn gu’n d’thainig an t-am gu bhi ag a reir miann an t-sluaigh. Ach chi an dream atharrachadh ciirsa nithean. Tha criathradh as fhaide a bhios beb. nithean faisg oirnn, mu’n tig an reiteachadh a tha cuisean ag agradh. Ach ciod a tha ’san Tha feadhainn an diugh—co-dhiubh an iiprait seo uile ach an spaim gu adhartas a dream as beachdaile is as ionnsaichte— thachair o am gu am an eachdraidh dhiith- a’ cumail a mach nach d’ thainig atharrachadh chanan. Gheibhear staid na h-anshocair aims air gne nadurra a’ chinne daonna o thus—am gach cearn de’n Chruinne. Thainig i gu ire peacadh gin—a dh’ aindeoin an adhartais a chianail air feadh na h-Eorpa an diugh. Cha thachair a thaobh nithean corporra is saogh- b’e a’ mhor-shluagh a bu choireach ach uaibh- alta fo bhuaidh callachaidh nan linntean, a reas is sannt righreap, maille ri mbr-fhearan chionn nach d’ thugadh do shubhailcean na sodalach a bha ’na meinn air son na h-inbhe a h-inntean an t-aite a bhuineadh dhaibh an bha iad a’ sealbhachadh. Cha’n’eil an neach ciirsa nithean. ks aonais sin faodaidh cal- is fradharcaiche ’nar measg comasach air lachadh, mar tha daoine! ’ga thuigsinn ’sa crioch ghnothuichean fhaicinn roimh laimh, choitcheanas, a bhi a’ dol an lend ’sa farsuin- ged tha gu lebr a toirt tuaiream. Ann a geachd, gun a dhol ceum na’s airde aims an leithid a shuidheachadh c’aite am faicear lagh t-seadh as brighmhoire, agus mar sin as mai- an adhartais? Cha’n’eil aite aige aim an rian reannaiche. Ma tha seo fior, ciod is crioch do chiiisean mar tha nithean a’ cuimseachadh an nithean air a cheann thall? Faodar a radh le diugh. Gidheadh faodaidh rian adhartais cuid nach eil beachdan de’n t-sebrsa seo ach cinntinn a aimhreit. Thachair e roimh seo toradh spioraid an dubhachais. Biodh sin mar an eachdraidh an t-saoghail. a dh’ fhaodas e, tha e mar fhiachaibh air dream an t-subhachais (optimists) a chaoch- Tha cuid de dhaoine ionnsaichte aim a tha ladh a dhearbhadh. lan chreidsinn gu bheil adhartas an t-saoghail fo riaghladh lagh rian.ail mar tha nithean a Ma tha thu a’ creidsinn an adhartas mar bhuineas do’n chruthachadh naduir. Ma tha, lagh, ciod a their thu mu chor nithean an fhuair e droch thulgadh aig iomadh am, gu deidh Chuil-lodair, an uair a threig na cinn- h-araidh aig A r-a-mach na Frainge, (1789) fheadhna an sluagh o’n d’fhuair iad inbhe air agus aig a chogadh mhbr a chaidh seachad. nach b’airidh iad, agus a reic iad an coir air Tha moran de’n bheachd nach deanadh ghaol an airgid a bha na caoraich mhaola a’ cungadh eile an gnothuch a chum na Frainge taomadh orra? Chaidh na Gaidheil air iom- a thoirt gu mothuchadh ach mar a thachair, rall an la a chuir iad muinghinn as na cinn- agus gu robh geimhlean na comh-fhlaithe cho fheadhna a dh’fhag iad air a cheann mu dheir- goirt is nach b’urrainn fuil is feoil cur suas eadh mar shnaidhnean gun snaim. Bi bruid- leis na b’fhaide. An uair a thainig feath air hinn air lagh an adhartais aig an am ud! Cha AN DEO-GREINE. 163 robh a leithid idir arm, air neo bha e ’na the rural parts of the Highlands, the people chadal. Ma thainig adhartas an oar nan trua- were losing grip of their native tongue. After ghan, ’sann an tirean coin a thachair e an going into the details of such a journey, he deidh gach droch caradh a thainig ’nan rathad. referred to the west and the advantages of Bha na Gaidheil foighidneach gle fhada, ach following where the railways lead to. He ma ghabhas sinn beachd air nithean an diugh, paid tribute to the work done by Mr. J. G. chi sinn gu bheil an teangan air am bleith a Mackay and Mr. Roderick MacLeod, and laid ids. Ged a chinneas, am bitheantas, droch special emphasis on the splendid work already bharr an deidh cogaidh, thig rud no dha mu’n done by their capable organiser, Mr. Shaw. cuairt gu feum an t-sluaigh an lorg a’ chriath- raidh. Finance Committee. The report of the Finance Committee showed that the ordinary expenditure for the AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH year exceeded the ordinary income by £278 AT CRIANLARICH. 4s l|d. This was more than accounted for by a deficit of £207 on the wonting of An Deo Handsome Prizes offered. £500 for Gaelic Greine, the monthly magazine, consequent Drama Aggregate of Gifts, £1150. upon the increased cost of its production, and on account of deficit of £74 on the Edinburgh The extraordinary meeting of the Executive Mod. A sum of £115 was received from the of An Comunn Gaidhealach was held in the Highland Ball Committee, and was being Public School, Crianlarich, on Saturday last. treated as capital. Ninety-two pounds were The Rev. G. W. Mackay, Killin, president of received from the James Grant Memorial Fund An Comunn, presided, and there were also pre- Committee, the interest on which was to be sent : —Dr. Calder, Celtic Lecturer, Glasgow used to provide a prize at the annual Mod, to be University; Miss Juliet Macdonald, Lochaber; known as the James Grant Memorial Prize. Rev. M. N. Munro, Taynuilt; Miss C. The Special Publication Fund had realised up Cameron, Messrs. Malcolm MacLeod, Arch. to date £180, £61 of which was appropriated Mackellar, Angus Robertson, Duncan MacLeod as revenue to meet the deficit of £61 on the (Dumbreck), N. Mackenzie Macleod—all of previous year’s Ded Greine account. ;:i-r. y. Glasgow; Mr. Angus Henderson, Stirling; Mr. Mr. Malcolm Macleod, in moving the adop- T. 1). MacDonald, Oban ; Mr. Peter Mac- tion of the minute of the Finance Committee, Dougall, Mid Argyll; Mr. Neil Shaw, secre- referred to the proposals of the Committee for tary; Mr. Robert MacFarlane, treasurer; and the payment of Mod local secretaries, and Mr. Geo. Skinner, Oban, acting on behalf of explained that these proposals were based upon Mr. J. M. Skinner, Oban, secretary of the Mod the principle of a fixed uniform payment plus Local Committee. a percentage of the realised surplus from the The Chairman opened the meeting by Mod. emphasising the strictly non-political charac- The Publication Committee’s report inti- ter of An Comunn, and consequently the free- mated a new edition in hand of Reid’s Elemen- dom with which men of all shades of political tary Course in Gaelic. A Grammar of a more opinions’ met and worked together for a com- advanced character was in preparation by Pro- mon object. He spoke upon the necessity of a fessor Calder. Gaelic University or College being established The Propaganda Committee reported on an somewhere in the North, which would put them extensive tour of propaganda work undertaken on an equality with their Celtic kinsmen in by the president, Mr. Mackay, and the secre- Wales. He would like to correct the impres- tary, Mr. Shaw, over the counties of Suther- sion that would seem to be prevalent that the land, Ross, Inverness, Argyll, and Perth ; by Comunn was a purely musical association. Mr. Urquhart, Kyle, in Wester Ross; and by Music, while cultivated for its own sake, was in Mr. J. G. Mackay in the Island of Skye. another sense but a lever for the attainment of The Rev. M. N. Munro, in submitting the Mod the Comunn’s primary object, the preservation and Music Committee’s report, intimate!! no and the cultivation of the native language of less than thirteen special prizes offered by indi- the Highlands. Speaking of the work ahead viduals and societies for special objects, mostly of them, it was necessary to get a firmer hold in musical competitions, at the forthcoming in the counties of Sutherland, Ross, and Inver- Mod. He drew attention to the necessity for ness, than they had yet succeeded in doing. increased support on behalf of the literary com- He urged that Mr. Shaw be sent to the petitions in Gaelic prose and poetry. The northern parts of Sutherland on propaganda prizes already announced in literature might work. Unconsciously, it may be, but even in veiy well be increased. On the other hand, 164 AN DEO-GREINE. on behalf of the 1921 Mod, he had the gratify- literary department of the Mod that has ever ing announcements to make. He read the been announced at any single meeting of the following letter from Mr. Duncan Macleod, Executive in the history of An Comunn. But Dumbreck, Glasgow : — as a confirmation of the adage that “ it never rained but it poured,” there were more good Gaelic Drama. announcements to follow. Mr. Munro next “ I have much pleasure in offering the submitted an offer from Mr. Angus Robertson, Comunn Gaidhealach the sum of £500 for a Glasgow, of the sum of £200 for the best Gaelic Drama Competition for the 1921 Mod. translation into English of his Gaelic novel, I would make it a condition that the first prize “ An t-Ogha Mor,” and also two University be £100 for the best drama submitted; that bursaries of £50 each, tenable for three years, there should be a prize of £50 for the second for Gaelic-speaking students at Glasgow and best work; and £20 for the third, with the Edinburgh Universities. reservation that the second and third prizes Mr. Munro further announced an offer should be awarded only if in the opinion of the by Mr. R. MacMillan, Giffnock, of £100 judges the efforts are of sufficient merit, and to be allocated at Mr. Angus Robertson’s on the understanding that if these prizes are discretion, but primarily with the object of not awai’ded this year owing to insufficient dealing with the literary productions of the late merit, the second and third prizes should be Dr. H. Macmillan or other authors of the Clan applied for a similar competition in the year Macmillan. following. Mr. Munro further announced another gift “ In the event of the competition being of £20 from Mr. Angus Robertson to form the taken up enthusiastically, and such good work nucleus of a fund to provide prizes to teachers. being submitted and of such character that The total of the foregoing announcements three further prizes of £10 each should be aggregated a sum of £1,120 towards the objects awarded, £30 be reserved in this direction. of An Comunn. “ Further, if the accepted works are con- Mr. Malcolm Macleod, in moving the adop- sidered worthy of publication, I suggest that tion of Mr. Munro’s report, made special men- a sum of £150 should be reserved for issuing tion of the satisfaction they should feel that the same in book or other form, any revenue truly handsome gifts which had just been accruing therefrom to go to the funds of An announced were from fellow-members of An Comunn Gaidhealach, to be used in some such Comunn and of the Executive. He moved that similar competition in the future, at the in accepting the gifts with all the conditions Executive’s discretion; and while I do not and suggestions annexed to them, the most make it an absolute condition, I should like to cordial thanks of An Comunn be conveyed to see, say, £150 of the sum used towards the the generous donors. expense of staging the first prize or any of the The Rev. G. W. Mackay associated himself other works accepted. It would be well, if with Mr. Macleod’s remarks. He said that they possible, to have the competitions decided by, had all along looked for something like it, and say, the 31st March, 1921, with the view of now wondered if the Day had come. It was having any possible play staged and performed only expressing it mildly to state that they were at the 1921 Mod. If the amounts reserved for profoundly gratified, and the influence those publication and staging are not used in 1921, generous acts will carry with them will mean owing to the absence of sufficient excellence, many successes for the future. He moved the balance shall be applied in 1922 on the that a Special Committee, consisting of the same lines. In awarding the second, third, or following names, be appointed to frame any further prizes, I suggest that the judging conditions : —Professor Watson, Dr. Calder, should not be so hypercritical in looking for Mr. Angus Henderson, Rev. M. N. Munro, fine literary periods if the works exhibit real with Mr. Malcolm Macleod as convener. merit true to Highland characteristics por- Mr. Angus Henderson seconded, and trayed with strong dramatic effect. All con- impressed upon the meeting that the men who ditions, beyond those specifically reserved, I were to be appointed as judges would have to leave entirely in the discretion of the Execu- be the most eminent in their professions in tive. I shall be glad to hear whether the offer order that aspirants for the prizes would have is one the Comunn Geidhealach can accept. the fullest confidence in coming forward. Yours faithfully,(Signed) Duncan MacLeod. „ In reply to the Chairman, Mr. Angus In submitting the offer, Mr. Munro observed Robertson, speaking for himself and for Mr. that it was the most handsome donation to the Macleod, assured the meeting that their mam AN DEO-GREINE. 165 object in giving their donations was to lay the ORAN DON REISIMEID CHATAICH foundation from which would come the suc- cessors to Professor Watson and Professor. (93rd Regiment). Calder in the positions they occupied with so much distinction. He indicated that these By the late Major MacLeod of Dalkeith, a gifts might not be regarded as the last word in native of Watemish, Skye. the subject. The Secretary read a report from the Oban Ag eirigh tha m’ aigne mar reulta na maidne, Mod Local Committee. It announced that the Gu sgeul a thoirt seachad am fasan nam bard halls arrangements were completed; that the Mu euchdan is tapadh na Reisimeid Chataich, Duke of Argyll had consented to preside over Mu’n streup ann an sabaid ’s am braise cath- the grand concert; and that the donations lamh. received locally to date approximated £50. Cha’n eirig mo chantainn an geiread na Mr. Shaw intimated that a like amount had h-ealtuinn, been received at the head office, making a total Air beusan nan gallan feadh eachdraidhean to date of .£100. trath; Mr. T. D. Macdonald intimated that in Tha eifeachd ’gan leantuinn le feich nach gabh addition to the donations received for the ceannach, general purposes of the Mod, the Oban Branch ’S le geur-inneal gearraidh nach sgarar gu were raising a special fund to assist in the brath. expenses of rural competitors attending the Mod. This fund, up to date, had reached £30, ’Nis aomaibh bhur n-aire le smaointinn car and there were fourteen Flag Days still to be tamaill, held in as many different districts. Air aogasg an t-seallaidh air bealach \sa Notices of motion were given for the annual champ; business meeting to'be held in Oban. By Rev. Bha faobhar air claisneachd gach aon dhiubh Mr. Mackay—An amendment providing for ri facal seven Standing Committees, instead of six as at An laoich bha gun taise le each air an ceann. present, by dividing the Mod and Music Com- mittee into a General Mod Committee and a ’N uair dh’ eibh riu an gaisgeach a’ bheigneid Music Committee. By Mr. T. D. Macdonald— a chleachdadh, “ That in future the annual Mods be held in ’S na reubail a chasgradh le stracadh nan lann, either the months of May or June ” ; “ That in Bha speiread a caithream mar gheumnaich nan future the Deo Greine be published quarterly cannon, instead of monthly.” By Mi-. Angus Hender- Mar bheuchdaich na mara’s mar fhalaisg nam son—“ That the words ‘ and Industry ’ be beann. deleted from the title of the Art and Industry ’N uair a thionndadh a mach iad le tromb a Committee.” ghuth fhallain The Rev. G. W. Mackay was re-nominated as Bho’n cluchdagan glana an achlais nan tom; president, and Mr. Angus Robertson as vice- Bha cuirneinean meala air fliiran na faiche, president. The following twelve nominations Is driichdan de dhealta na maidne air an fhonn. were made for the ten vacancies in the Execu- tive Council: —Mrs. Burnley Campbell of Bha fiidair ’na lasair bho’n iir-ghunnan glasa, Ormidale; Mr. A. B. Ferguson, Glasgow ; Rev. ’S gach siiil air an lag ard am faileas am bann ; M. N. Munro, Taynuilt; Mr. John N. Macleod, Is cuinneadh nan dathan mar bhurn-bhogha ’n Errogie; Rev. John. MacLachlan, Lochcarron; athair Mr. J. S. Maekay, Stirling; Mr. Alex. Fraser, ’S mar sguraige fada bha’n adan m’an ceann. Glasgow; Rev. Wm. Macphail, Kilbrandon; ’N uair sheas mi aig dorus nam biithanan tana, Mr. Colin Sinclair, Glasgow; Mr. Wm. ’S mo shiiil air gach bealach ’n robh sealladh Cameron, Petty ; Mr. Angus Henderson, Stir- ro mhor; ling ; and Mr. Robert Bain, Glasgow. Air fiiuain ’nam fallus a’ giulan nan eallach Feadh coinneich is cannaich is bealaidh nan Ion. TWEED S—Guaranteed Genuine by An Bha fiidar ’na dheannaibh bho bhrughan nan Comunn Gaidhealach—sold by R. G. Laweie, cannon ’Cur smiiid as an talamh ’sa gearradh an fheoir, 60 Renfield Street, Glasgow, Suits and Le biiirich ro sgreamhail is surd air Mac Talla, Costumes made. ’Ga ghiiilan gu h-ealamh troimh bheannaibh a’ cheh. AN DEO-GREINE. Aii- amharc mu’n cuairt dhomh gu deas is gu tuath dhiom Bha paipeirean iomadh ’gan ceireadh ’s gach A dh’fhaicinn co bhuannaich a’ bhuaidh aims uinneag an strith; Air geugan a’ chuilinn’s air bunan nan craobh ; Bha itean nan tuathach mar fhithich nam fuar- Ag eibheach na buinig bha reidh do gach duine bheann, A’ leumadh ’s a ruitheadh ri curaidh Ghlas Air chrith aims an fhuaradh ’sa cruaidh-ruith Daor. air frith. Gach treubh agus cinneadh thug speis do’.n a’ Ag iomain am fuathan le mire ’s le cruadail bhriogais, Gun ghioraig roimh uamhas ’san gluasarl gun ’S an reis bha cho liobast’ ri duine ro aosd’ ; sgios, Ach Gaidheil ’n aon fhillidh a’ lemnnaich le Is dealradh ’nan gruaidhean le lasadh an mire, cruaidhean, Mar eildean an fhirich ’measg phillean an ’S e Cataieh nam buaidhean tha mi’n uaii- so fhraoich. ag inns’. Bu- bhoidheach am pasgadh ’nan cbmhdach de’n ’S e’n tri deug ’san ceithir tichead ’ni sgiathan tartan, a bhi-isteadh Fo mhor-bhoineid dhaithte de earradh an Le’n sleaghanan ruiteach ’s le biiosgadh an eoin ; doni; Is loint-itean geala de chleochda na h-eala, Ri ’n cliathaich bha bhiodag air stiallag ’nan Fo sprebd-chluaran greannach is nathrachail criosan Pog- Is bian a’ bhuio ghibeich ’na ohiste dha’n or. An dbid-chasan fallain mai- loineag a’ chanaich, • An cloimh-osan bhreaca le gartain m’am bebil; Am beul air a chumadh ri feusag nan sionnach Is trebrachd nam pearsa nach tebradh le acras, A phianas an cuilein is curranta treoirj ’S bucaill br-bhuidhe ghlana ’nam barr-eill ’Na meadhon tha cluigeinean striocht’ aim an ’nam brbg. cuideam, Tha’n caramh’s an dreach os cionn chaich aim Is meuranan umha ’gan cumail air doigh. am maise, Gu’m b’aluinn an sealladh an caramh fo’n Agus ardan nan gaisgeach do-chaisgt’ fliad’s is earradh beb ; ’N uaii- thairngeadh an rancan gu air’ air parad, Na h-armuinn nach fhacas a’ draghadh is Le sgarlaid ’nam ballaibh fo fhabhar Ghlinn gealltachd, Garaidh, Roimh bhas no roimh bhatail, le smachd no Is dearrsadh an lannan mar dhealan nan ard. cion loin. Cha toil- airdead an t-sneachda orra failinn no Gun chlaonadh gun chamadh bho’n aodann gu’n lapadh, casan. Ged tharladh dha’n casan a shaltairt gun Mar aon a’ dol seachad air marcaich a’ bhlair; bhrbg; Is siiathain dhe’n gartain fo aomadh am bacan. Anns gach am am bheil drama ’ga thraghadh a Gu h-aotrom fo’m breacan a’ saltairt an lair. glaine Bu mhoralach tlachdmhor ’s bu stolda fo’m Tha’n slainte bho bhalla gu balla ’ga h-bl. brataich Na leoghainn le’m bu mhasladh bhi tais ri uchd ’S iomadh oearn tha fad as am bheil larach an namh ; casan, Bu cheblmhor an caismeachd trarnoin agus Is blar agus batail a chaisg iad gu sith, maduinn, Agus fardach is achadh aims na thamh lad gu ’N uaii- threoraicht’ a mach iad no dhachaidh maduinn, air mairt. Gun kite gu cadal no fasgadh bho ’n t-sian. An uair a dh’ fhasadh cas lapach 'sa' dh’ Piob mhor nan dos grinne seinn branan bin- fhagadh an neart iad nealtach, ’Nan camaibh ’s na claisean le laige fo dhith, ’S rbpan dhe ribinnean ruith aims a’ ghaoith, Bhiodh armuinn nam breacan air faire nan cas- Is cbmhradh a h-uilneig a’ sebladh dha ’n bheann. drumair Gun fhaillinn, gun lapadh, gun ghaise, gun Mar’s coir dha gach buille bhi ’cumail na time. sgios. AN DEO-GREINE. 167 Ged ’s treubhach an coltas fo’n eididhean needed the support which would enable her to molach take the position due to her by right of Mar fheidh air a’ mhonadh nach gonar nationality alongside other languages. The gun spairn; gifts are not only interesting in themselves, Tha seimhealachd mhodhail an sgeimh air am but in their effects they may be of a far- bonnaibh, reaching nature ultimately. We are of those ’S am meudachd gun chromadh ion-mholta ’s who believe they will be. gach cearn. It is to men of such stamp as Mr. Duncan Macleod, Dumbreck, Glasgow; Mr. Angus Bha righrean is gaisgich ’s na linntean chaidh Robertson, Vice President of An Comunn seachad Gaidhealach, Dunholme, Glasgow; and Mi1. ’Nan liub a ghabh i'asgadh fo’n taic aims na Robert MacMillan, Giffnock—all successful blair; business gentlemen—whose hearts are sound ’S bu chinnteach an neart dhoibh an cuisearnan on the Gaelic movement, that the Comunn sgaiteach, might look for the sinews of war in its enter- *Gnn fliuilleach a shrachdadh na thachradh prise. It goes without saying, however, that ri ’n ras. much smaller contributions are naturally expected from others whose love for Gaelic Ged ’s uamhasach sealladh an cruadail ’s a’ may be equally warm. The help of all is charraid needed for our movement. Gratifying sub- Fo shuaicheantas ballach ’cur cathan an High, scriptions have already been received and Tha uaislead am fala ’s am buadhachd mar acknowledged in the pages of this magazine, leannain and it is to be hoped that this may stimulate * A’ fuadach bho chailleagan cadal na h-oidhch’: others to give of their means towards * the Tha maighdeanan glana lan saibhreis an worthy object for which the Comunn Gaidh- Sasunn ealach exists. May the year 1920 be the ’Gan claoidh leis a’ ghalar ri’n canar an gaol, beginning of increased prosperity to the ’S gu h-aoibhneach a chaidleadh le saighdearan Comunn and to the furtherance of Gaelic and tlachmhor, its literature in Scotland, whose original ’Nam feileadh ’s ’nam breacan fo fhasgadh nan language it was. craobh. Both Mr. Macleod and Mr. Robertson are Skyemen, and Mr. MacMillan is a native of * This line is obscure. Perhaps “ fhuilleach ” might Arran. Success in business has not diminished be “ fhuireach,” and “ ras” “raths.” their regard for their mother tongue, nor has the spirit of so-called “modernism” dimmed the ancestral soul in them. Their hearts beat true to their country and its associations, and THf^EE GENEROUS GAELS. they are outside the circle of the modern Gallios, who care for none of these things. The announcement made at the extra- Their example is worthy of imitation, and we ordinary meeting of An Comunn Gaidhealaeh nurse the hope this may be the beginning of at Crianlarich last month deserves more than big things for the language and literature of a passing notice. It made the meeting the Gael, and for the Comunn Gaidhealach as “ extraordinary ” in a much more important the premier association concerned in the Gaelic sense than what is usually associated with it. movement. Never in the history of An Comunn have gifts Mr. Macleod’s gifts for the encouragement of such generous nature been recorded, and all of music in bis native island are already well friends of the Gaelic movement in Scotland and known. They will tend to awaken the genius in the Colonies must feel deeply grateful to the for song latent in Skye youths, though in large-hearted gentlemen who have recognised earlier days a glas-ghuib was put upon their the claims of Gaelic in our time so handsomely. fathers by, no doubt, well-meaning people who Following the recognition of Gaelic as a school sought to drive the Gaelic soul out of them and subject by Act of Parliament, the gifts are of do violence to their natural bent. But as old signal interest. We have been waiting long Horace' wrote long ago, you may drive out for “ the hour and the man,” so to speak. Nature with a fork, yet it will still come back. Both have come unexpectedly, yet none the less Guidhemaid do thaobh nan uaislean mu ’n welcomed—the hour when Gaelic would come bheil mi a’ sgriobhadh, gu lean foirbheas to its own; the men when the old language rathail an Aigh iad gu deireadh na criche. 168 AN DEO-GREINE. tionate decline • took place in the decennial THE SECRETARY’S PAGE. period, and any effort for the propagation or encouragement of Gaelic that An Comunn, or Bha mi anns an Oban re Faidhir Ghlascho others, might make to neutralise that decline agus bha coiiineamh againn de Chomhairle was thus impeded. lonadail a’ Mhoid. Tha gaoh ni a’ dol air “ It will be obvious that the practical use- aghaidh gu soirbheachail agus faodaidh suil a fulness of the statistics relating to Gaelic would bhi aig luchd-leanmhuinn a’ Mhoid ri tri be enormously increased by a return to the laithean togarraoh, ceolmhor. Is duilich nach method of stating them followed prior to ’eil talla as motha anns a’ bhaile airson Guinn 1911. Chiuil Di-haoine ach tha dochas gu’n gabh “ The Association trust it will be possible ullachadh deanamh a bheir cothrom do for you to take such steps as will ensure that mhoran frithealadh. Tha moran chairdean the figures are given in detail as suggested.— aig a’ Ghaidhlig mu’n Oban agus nithear gach I am, etc.” oidhirp a chum cothrom a thoirt dhoibh na The following is the reply to the above com- Cbisirean agus an luchd-duais a chluinntinn. munication : —“ Sir,—I am directed by the * * * Secretary for Scotland to inform you that the The Flag Days held under the auspices of suggestion contained in your letter of the 14th the Oban Branch in aid of a fund to assist rural instant with regard to Statistics as to Gaelic- competitors attending the Mod have turned speaking persons will receive due consideration out very successful. -While a few districts in connection with the arrangements for the have still to be heard from, the amount Census of 1921.—I am, etc., (signed) John realised to date approximates -£80. Rural competitors, whether members of choirs or Lamb.” * * * otherwise, and who wish to participate in the A very successful concert, organised by Miss assistance towards their expenses offered by Campbell of Succoth in aid of the Publication the Oban Branch from this fund, are requested Fund, was held in the Hall, Furnace, on 16th to make early application.to the Branch Secre- July. Mrs. Courts and Miss Myrtle Campbell tary, Mr. T D. MacDonald, 10 Stevenson of the “ G.G.” accompanied me from Glasgow Street, Oban. In all cases the amounts of the and contributed Gaelic and Scottish songs. return fares should be stated. Miss Campbell of Succoth sang several solos and a duet with Miss Given, who also played Following out the suggestions put forward the accompaniments. Mr. Bathgate, Dun- in a recent article cn the Census returns and fermline, gave excellent renderings of “ Mac- Gaelic, the appended is a copy of a letter sent Gregor’s Gathering ” and the “ Land of the to the Secretary for Scotland from this Leal.” Mr Burgess also contributed spirited office: — choruses. The prize dialogue, “ Clamhas, “ Sir,—I am directed to bring under your was performed by Mi's. Coutts and myself, and notice a matter of considerable importance was very well received. The Publication Fund from the point of view of this Association in benefits to the extent of ten guineas as result of the concert. connection“ Previous with to 1911the Censusthe Gaelic of next statistics year. were shown in every division of these returns, and if the number of Gaelic speakers in any part I regret to record the death of another of of the countiy, however small, was required, it our members, that of Mr. John MacDiarmid, was available. Thus, we could find the num- Edinburgh. He had been a life member for ber of Gaelic speakers in a county, a civil many years, was a generous supporter of the parish, an ecclesiastical parish, a burgh (Royal Mod, and a keen reader of “ An Deo Greine.” or police), a School Board district, a town, or * * * even a village. In whatever division of the To Miss Margaret MacDonald, who carried on countiy other statistics were shown, the Gaelic the secretarial work so efficiently during my figures were also available. In the Census of war service, I tender the sympathies of mem- 1911 this was changed, and the number of bers and readers on the loss of her eldest Gaelic speakers was given only for each county, brother, who died on board the s.s. “ Appam, and then only in a small paragraph in the homeward bound from the African Gold Coast. introductory matter to the figures for the county. The effect of this change was to make any inquiry into the decline of Gaelic speaking Keep in mind the dates of the Mod proceed- more difficult, because it was impossible to dis- in-s at Oban, 22nd, 23rd, and 24th September.Niall. cover in what part of a county any dispropor- AN DEO-GREINE. 169 DEALBHCHLUICH CLOINNE. fathast. An ann a’ bruadar a tha mi? Tha ©sail neo-chiontach ; is gheibh © a cheuman saor. (Air a leantuinn bho’n airearnh mu Chi sinn e nuair thilleas © lan bir is airgid. Ha- dhtirtadh, 157.) ha! Thig gnothuch an righ an caraibh a’ bhaigeir iomadh uair. (I toirt sill an drasd’s a Ceard I.^-Sud e! Cliuala. mis’ a Tha o rithis an rathad Dhiighaill). Itinn mi cheana coltach ri glaodh balaich. ciobair d© Sheumas agus cumaidh mi ann e. Ceakd II.—An gudaboc ag iarmidh ait© ’Fiadh a fireach, breac a linne, is slat a coille’, taimh, ’s.e ’n deidh sgaoim a ghabbail roimb ’n nach onoireach e? Ach dhiol mo chuideachd taimeaiiach. (Tairneanacb eil©). bhochd-sa, air ; is dhiol Seumas mbr orra e. Na Ceaird Comhla — Sud ©! Sud e! Ceard I.—Tha, thu, laochain, ’na’s fearr a nis. Soilleir gu lebr. Tha cuid©igimr ami. Ceard H.—Clia b’uilear da. Bha feum aige Ceard I.—Gu daarbh, cliuideachd, tha’n i>am gu’n do mhothaich simi cho trath dlia; no cha’n sealltainn am mach. Glia duraichdiim do m’ fliaicaadh © Lunnainn gu brath. namhaid e bhi ’na eiginn, ’s e ’ndchomas cobhair Ceard III.—Nach iomadli ceum coimheach a dheanamb air. Seallamaid am mach. tha romhad fathast mu’n ruig thu ’n chrioch (Theid triiiir am mach, agus thig iad a steach Shasunnach fein, gun ghuth air a liughad ceum agus Diighall aca eatorra, ’s e flinch fann. a tha eadar sin agus Lunnainn. Am bhoil Cuiridh iad ’na sliineadh e taobh an t©in©; is Bourla agad? cruinnichidh iad uile mu’n cuairt air g’ a Dughall—Cliai’n ©il. Cha bhi feum again eiridinn.) oirre. Ni mi mo rathad ’s mo ghnothuch 1© Ceard I.—0, am balachan bochd 1 teangaidh mhaith Ghaidhlig. Ceard''II.—Ciod © air an t-saoghal a thug an Ceard IY.—Ho-hb, laochain! Aon uair ’s rathad-s’ ©? gu’n ruig thu na crioclian Gallda, cha bhi thu Ceard III.—Mur do rainig sinn cho luath, blia. ach mar blialbhan, ’s nach teid fuaim ann ad e bathte. 0, an duin©achain bochd! chluais ach rud a bheir a d’ chuimhne—gorra- Ceard IY.—An creutair bronach. ’S © cail nan rocais air maduinn fhoghair. Cha ’n ionndrainn cuideiginn a th’ann, co ’sam bith ©. aithnich thu an dara facal seach am facal ©ile, Deanaibh d©och bhlath dha’s cha bhi ciiram da.. ’s a h-uile fear dhiubh cho. fada, ri do ghairdeau. Mairi Mhor—Cha bhi ciiram da ma’s urrainn ’S blath dhuit, a laochain, a’ Ghaidhlig bhinn a duinn. ’S math an t-ait© ’san do thuit ©; god is chluinneas tu aig ceard an dubha nan adharc ann am moasg cheard air am bhoil dearc-tath fein, na Beurla nan uaislean is motha an aig an t-saoghal. Ach leigidh sinn fhaicinn do Sasunn. ’n t-saoghal gu’m bhoil ball a’ bualadh an uchd Te de na mnathan—Bha mis© air fasdadh ceird ris an abrar ’cridhe, agus gu’m bheil e ’sa Ghalldachd uair roimhe; ’s fhuair mi mo truacanta r’a chomh-chreutair eadhon an comh- lebr mu’n d’ ionnsuich mi Beurla leis mar tha chreutair a ni tair air. Cuir an coir© air an i ca.s mu seach. ’S e " dog ” a th’air cu, agus t©in© gus an teasaichear bainn© dha. An duine “ cu ” a th’ air mart,. Agus ’s © “ donkey ” a bochd! bh’ orm fein. (Bheiroar dooch bhlath dlia, agus thig © Fear de na Ceaird—An cluiim thu sui? ’S © chuige.) “ donkey ” a’ Bheurla a th’ air Seonaid. Na’n Ceard I.—Ciod ©, laochain, an ceam d ’am robh„ e laochain, teanga Bheurla Sebnaid a’d buin thu; no ciod e ceann do sheud’s do shiu- cheann’s ann duit nach biodh an ciiram an teis- bhail? meadhon na Frainge, gun ghuth air Sasuim. Dughall—Tha mi a Srath-mor, agus is © Seonaid—Leshmahago, Waterloo, Canilachie. ceann mo sheud ’s mo shiubhail Lunnainn, a Sturr the porrog©, donkey, y© laazy! (Bualadh riirach am mach brathair m’athar; ’s tlia bhas aig each). fiughair again tilleadh 1© gu lebr d© or ’s de An Ceard—An cluihn thu sin, a bhalaich? airgead. B’ ole an airigh te do sgoil is t’ ionnsuchaidh a Ceard I.—’S math do mhisneach, a laochain. bhi rbsadh adhairoean. Ach feuch nach eil thu fada os ceann do Dughall—(’s © ’g eirigh a dh’ fhalbh)—Ni ghabhail.. Cha’n © so dath a bhios air an mis© mo rathad mar a tha mi, Beurla ann no rainich mu’n ruig thu, ma ruigeas tu idir; agus Beurla as. Cha’n e saothair bo-laoigh mo is lom a bhios gach crann ’san doir© mu’n till shaothair mu’n d’ thubhairt mo mhathair e. thu, ma’s tilleadh dhuit idir e. Mairi Mhor (a leth-taobh)—0, a Srath-mbr! Dealbh III. Mac ciobair an t-Srath. Seadh, ciobair! Tuitidh am Brat. Cha’n e! Ciod © tha so? Mac Shoumais Mhbir (Dughall air Drochaid Lunnainn, ’s e glaodh- —air tighinn ’nam rathad ’na fheumanach! aich ; “ Srath-mor.” Daoine air an ais Ha-ha ! Cha’n eil am bomiach beag bruich ’s air an aghaidh seachad air. Feadh- 170 AN DEO-GKEINE. ainn a’ seasamh a ghabhail ionghnaidh sraidean Lunnainn ach a h-aon a bhuineadh do deth. Balaich a’ reic phaipearan ’s a’ Shrath-mdr. Co bhiodh ann ach mac mo gla.odliaicli “ Echo,” “ Star,” “ Glob©.”) bhrathar? Theid mi g’a fhaicinn, co sam bith Dughall — “ Strath-mor ” ; “ Strath-mor,” a th’ ann. (Eirigh e dh’ flialbh.) Thallamaid a etc., etc., etc. Pheigeag gus am faic mi ’m balach. (Cruiniiichidh ua balaich inu’n cuairt Dhug- haill a’ gaireachdaich. Brathaidh iad cirb Togar am Brat. fheilidh. Buailidli Dughall fear an sud s an (Dughall mar a. ohuimacas cheana e, is sluagh so, is tuitidh iad.) mu’n cuairt air.) Dughall—So. Mur a bheil Beurla again Dughall—“ Sratli-mdr,” etc. fein, tha Beurla gu leoir aig mo riidain. (Seasaidh Cailean is Peigeag lamh ris.) “ Srath-mdr,” etc. Peigeag—Am bheil sibh ’ga thuigsinn, (Thig Cadleag, air tighiun as an sgoil, is sea- athair? saidh i lamh ids.) Cailean—Is dogh gu’m bheil. Co’d as a tha Dughall—(a’ sealltainn oirre)—Ciod e tha thu mach a,, ladchain? thusa ’g iarraidh an so. Falbh dachaidh is ionn- Dughall—A’ Srath-mdr an Gaidhealtachd suich do leasan. “ Srath-mor,” etc. Tlia. cho na h-Albann. Tha Gaidhlig agaibh. math dhuibh gabhail mu chill ur gnothuich, no Cailean'—Co dha bhuinea® tu an sin, a ni raise breacan dubh is dearg de na h-aodainn laochain ? agaibh. “ Sraith-mor,” etc. (Bidh na balaich Dughall—Buinidh do Sheumas MacRath. a.’ conas ris, is esan a’ toirt leuin d’ an ionnsuidli An aithne dhuibh e, o ’n is Gaidheal sibh ? g’am bualadh.) Feuchaibh a rithis e, ged a Cailean—’S math sin, a bhalaich. ’S ciod e tha sibh air ur dunan. fein. ■ “ Srath-mor,” etc. thug air an astar ud do’n. bhaile choiniheach so Bheir i sud fead air na cluasan agaibh (a’ thu ? sealltainn air a dhorn). “ Srath-mor,” etc. Dughall—Thainig mi a, rurach Chailein bratliair m’ athar. Math dh’ fliaodteadh gu’n Tuitidh am Brat. sedl sibhse a’m rathad e. Dealbh lY. (air taiobh-beoil a’ bhraih). Cailean-—Seolaidh, ai laocliain. Thalia (A’ Chailaag a sheas lamh ri Dughall ag thusa, leamsa. innseadli uime d’a h-atbair.) Tuitidh am Brat. A’ Chaileag (Peigeag)—Athair, na,’m faice- (Cailean agus Dughall a’ tighinn a steach do adh sibhse am balach neonach, is aodach neon- tliigh brathair athar. Suidhidh iad.) ach air a tha ’na sheasamh air an Drochaid, ’s Cailean—Dean suidhe, a laochain, an tigh a h-uile duine theid seachad air a’ seasamh a brathair t’ athar. shealltainn air leis cho neonach ’s a tha ’n Dughall-—An e so a thigh. Tha mi gle t-aodach a th’ air, agus a’ chanain a th’ aige. thoilichte fhaodtainn am mach. B’ aill leam, a A h-athair (Cailean)—Ciod e Ti neonaichead nis, gu’m faicinn brathair m’ athar fein. Am a th’ air aodach 1 bi © fada. gun tighinn? P'eigeag—Tha e breac agus gun e ruigheachd Cailean—Cha bin. Tlia e an so, a ruin (’s e ach a ghluinean, agus breacan eile mu ghuail- breith air laimh air). ’S mis© Cailean bratliair lean, is it© ’na bhoineid. t’ athar. Agus dean thusa thu fein aig an Cailean—Ho ! ruin, sin agadsa balach Gaid- tigh ’na thigh. Sin agad mo nighean do healach. Sin agadsa fear-duthcha t’ athar. bhanacliaraid bheag (Cuiridh iad failt air a Feumaidh mi dol g’a fhaicinn am maireach, cheil©). Agus ciod © mar a nis a tlia t’ athair mu’m bi cuideachadh a, dhith air. is do mhathair? ’S iomadh latha o nach do Peigeag—Cuideachadh, athair! Dh’ fhaod- thachair sinn. Agus is trie a bhithinn a’ teadh gu’m bheil e feumail an nochd fein, an smaointinn orra ’nan aonar anns an t-Srath- duine bochd. Thallamaid for am bheil e. Tha mhor a bh’ aig an n-athraichean, ’s gun aige- h-uile duine deanamh feal-ardha’ dlieth; ’s na san—an t-oighr©—ach oead a choise dheth. balaich a’ spionadh aodaich, ’s ag aithris air an Dughall—Tha iad gu math, ach bochd; an rud a tha e ag radh. urra, mar is trie, ri breac na linne no eun an Cailean—Ciod e tha e ’g radh, ruin? Co fhirich air son an loin. Cha’n’edl aca ach mis©; ris a tha e coltach ? agus ged nach eil mi ach dg, dh’ flieuch mi ri Peigeag—Tlia e ’g radh : “ Sramor,” “ Srar togail a thoirt daibh le bhi tighinn an t-astar mor,” “ Sramor,” no rudeiginn mar sin. so a rurach brathair m’ athar. Cailean (a’ sealltainn am mullach an tighe) Cailean—Rinn thu gu math, a laochain ; —Srath-mor! A dhuine chridhe, ciod e fios agus mu’m fag thu so, cuiridh mis© ’nad nach e mac mo bhrathar a th’ ann. Srath-m6r! chuideachd na, chuireas tu fein is t’ athair’s do Co eile bhidh a glaodhaich “ Sratli-mor ” air mhathair air us casan. £N DEO-GREINE. 171 Tuitidh am Brat. Lunnainn is tilleadh as. Agus fhuair thu mach brathair t’ athar! Dealbh V. Dughall—’S mi rinn sin, ’s nach robh fada (Dughall air a. rat had dacliaidli is poc airgid ris. An rud a chuir mi romham rinn mi. Dh’ air a nihuiii). fhas gach ratliad bu ghairbhe cho min ri traigh, Dughall (an oidliclie ami) -— Tlia diiil a’xn ’s bha gach onoc cho comhnard ris an t-srath. gu’m bhedl mi ag aitlmeacliadh an aite so. So Mairi Mhor—’S cha bu shaothair bo-laoigh an abhainu aims an do tliuit mi; agus sud an do shaothair na bu mho. ’S e ’n gille glan choc glas a tbeirinn mi a dbol db’ ionnsuidb “ ni mi ” ged is e ’n gealtair mor “ B’ aill learn.” campa uan ceard nuair a chunnaic mi solus. B’ Leig dhiot, a laochain gus am faigh thu rud. flieair gun robli iad romliam an nochd. Bu (Suidhidh Dughall is laighidh e sios air leab- mhath na ceird fein an aite cho uaigneach iirlair.) so, gun ni r’a fhaicinn no r’a chluinntinn Mairi Mhor (ag ullachadh bainne-teth is ach stiican dubha coimheach agus lochan arain)—Tha fios gu’m bheil thu air trasgadh, a an fheidh no gog na liath-chirc. Bu chreutair, an deidh a liughad ceum lom acrach, bhoidheach learn iad na b’ fhaisge air mo a chuir thu seachad. dhachaidh; ach ’s aobhar mulaid dhomh iad Aon de na Ceaird—Tha fios, an duine bochd, I.hi cho fada bho ’n tigh. Comharran na gu’m bheil. Dean thusa lainh ort, ’s gu’n dachaidh’s an dachaidli fad as. Ach ciod e tha sineadh e chnamhan sgith air a chonlaich. ’n sud An reaunag a a’ doarrsadh air loch, Mairi Mhor (a leth-taobh, ’s i cur stuth a no ’n solus cairdeil e? Ho! solus nan ceard! botul do’n bhainne)—Caidlidh e gu socair an Nach b’ o ’n solus coltas nan daoine, gad a bh’ deidh - so. Cha dean luibhean na runnaich iad na ceardan fein iad. Ma’s fada bhuam e, mhoir dearmad air an sin. (Ri Dughall.) So cha’n fhada ’ga ruigheachd mi. dhuitse, ruin, greim is balgam’s gu’n gabhadh tu fois na h-oidhehe. Togar am Brat. Dughall—Taing dhuibh. Cha, robh mi cho (Campa nan e«i,rd mar a blia. e roimhe). son,a an luchairt mhoir brathair m’ athar an Mairi Mhor (aon de’n chomunn)—Seall am Lunnaiim’s a tha mi fo sgail nan craiceann so mach a laochain, feuch ciod e ’n oidhche a tli’ troimh ’m faic mi na reannagan ’s an speur Sann mu’n teid sinn mu thamh. go,nn nuair a sheallas mi ’n ail'd, an aite (Thoid aon am mach ; ’s an uair a thig e staach ballachan grinn le ’n obair-ghreis cho riomhach their e : —) ’s a ni spain-a,oil no cumadair iad. Taing Th’ ann oidhche reannagach reulagach, gun mhor dhuibh. Theid mi nis a chadal. ’S ghaoth, gun turadh, gun uisge. fhada o nach do leag mi mo chliathach air Mairi Mhor—Nach iongantach an oidhche i! leabaidh cho socrach. Cha chual thu ceium allabanach a,’ tighinn an (Tuitidli Dughall ’na cliadal trom, ’a am poc rath ad. No ’n leigear leas an coire bainne airgid fo cheann.) ghlcidheadh blath Mairi Mhor—A shugh nan luibh a chinneas An Ceard — Cha chual. Ach chuala mi cho narach am boglaichean na runnaiche sgreuch a’ bhud-a-goic a’ leum as an allt aig moire, dean do ghnothuch. Chi sinn a nis ciod bun na Beinne-gladse; is rac na lacha anns an e th’aige. runnaich mhbir. Feumaidh gu’m bheil (Bheir iad am poca bho cheann is seallaidh feumanach faisg an laimh. iad air an airgead.) Mairi Mhor—Tha cuidedgin air an t-slighe. Gach aon comhla—0 ! nach b’e ’n sealladh e! Ceard eile—Is claoidhte a chom mu’n d’ Aon de na Ceaird—Nach esan a rinn fiach tliainig- e bliarr a’ mhouaidh-dhuibh a thoirt am a shaothrach doth! mach Coil nam fiadh roimh am cadail. Sgaoil Aon eile—Tha ’n so na chumadh teaghlach conlach taobh an teine dlia. ceart Fain lieo! (Thig Dughall a steach.) An treas fear—Tha ’n so na cheannaicheadh Na Ceaird (ag eirigh ’nan seamamh)—0, oighreachd mhath de or buidhe nan Innsean! laochain, a laoehain! Mairi Mhor—Ciod e ’sam bith a th’ ann, cha Aon de na ceaird—An d’ fhuair thu bed am chuir e Seumas mor an bSrath bho’n chiobuir- fad so? eachd fathast. ’S ma dhireas e na bealaichean, Ceard eile—Rinn thu mach do cheann-uidhe, ’s ann ’na ghille aig each, ged a gheibheadh e co-dhiubh (’s e a’ bualadh a’ phoca). Nach urad bbliadhnachan’s a tha de bhuill bhana na mearachd a, ni dicheall: gheibh e troinih gach bhreacan ballach. Nuair dh’fhalbbas Diighall cas. Is duilghci• armu intiim air gniomh na, ’n ’sa mbaduinn mu’n toir briseadh an la,tha air gniomh a dheana.mh : agus is duilghe smaoin- eoin na moch-eirigh an t-uisge a, bhlasad, falbh- tinn air del do, Lunnaitm ’nad shuidhe air cnoc aidh e la cuallach do eitaagan an uillt ’s de na do chas a shineadh air an t-slighe-dol do shligean na traghad. ’S mu’m fosgail e pocan 172 AN DEO-GREINE. na h-ulaidh an Sra,th-M6r c’ ait© ’in bi na Aon de na Ceard—Guma buan duit, a ceardan. Ho, ho ! C’ aite 2 ghalad! (Taomar an t-airgead am bocsa, is lionar am Aon bile—Feumaidh sinn bhi as, no bidh an poca de sliligean’s d© eiteagan; agus cuirean a toir ’nar deidh ritliis fo cheaiim Dhughaill ©.) A’ chuideachd, mu seach—Cuireamaid mu (Diiisgidh Uiighall.) reir, ma ta. Biodh gach duine ’na dhithis. Dughall (’ga sliineadli ’s ’ga altachadli Cuireamaid a’ Bheinn Ghlas gu math ’nar deidh fein)—Hoch-och! Nadi mi rinn an cadal mu’n tuit a’ ghrian, no mu’n tog sinn toit eile. trom. Ciod © ’n bam a dh’ oidhcbe tlia. ©2 Maori Mhor—So ; so, ma ta ! Suidhibh ri Maihx Mhok—Tha direach glasadh an la ann. greim. 0, mo chion ort a chuir an cadal trom Tha sinne gun dol mu thamh fatliast eagal ’s air Dughall. Ho ho! ’S ann annad a tha gu’n csaidleamaid faida. Am bhedl tlm air son bhaigh (botul ’na laimh). Fuirich an sin, a cirigli 2 Tha h-uile h-aon an so a,’ crotadli laochain ; bithidh feum fathast ort. (Leigidh taobh an teine. i as e is togaidh i am bocsa.) Nach feuch Dughall—Tha oho math oeium a tlioirt as. sibhse so! Nach ann ann a tha ’n cudthrom Ged is socrach mo leabaidh ’s math leam a bhi (iad a’ feuchainn a’ bhoesa). Dughall a’ bharr a Mhaima Gairbh mu’n tuit a’ ghrian. gabhail beachd; their e a leth-taobh.) Ha. (E ’g eirigh.) Bitliidh mi ’n sin an eisdeachd Tha mi faicinn a nis. Fhuair mi deoch cadail. na liath-chirce bhios a’ gogail air Srath Mbr, ’s Ach bheir mi seachad te a nis. Stad—(theid an coileach ’ga freagairt. ’S boidliaach leam Dughall gu foilidh agus cuiridh e steall de’n an goirsinn. bhotul ’sa chuaich bhainne. (Diiisgidh each air fad suas, is iad a’ meanan- Dughall (a leth-taobh)—So a nis. Chi mi aich ; agus suidhidh Dughall ri biadh.) ciod e mar theid daibh. Cadal math orra: Mairi Mhor—Gabh graim, ma ta, laochain ; agus diisgadh anmoch daibh. agus ruigheachd dachaidh go math dhuit. Mairi Mhor (a’ taomadh a’ bhainne do na Diiisgibh ! Tha Dughall a’ Mbh. soithichean)—So, so ! Lamh oirbh ! Tha ’n Dughall—Maduinn mhath dhuibh uile, agus t-am againn a bhi as, is luchdan cadail taing mhor air son ur coibhmeas. Innsidh mi fhaotainn an ciiil air choireiginn mu mheadhon- aig an tigh mar a ghabh sibh roniham, is dh’ latha. fhaodtaadh gu’n tachair sinn fat hast. Baann- (Suidhidh iad ri biadh, is tuitidh cuid ’nan achd leibh! “ Tachraidh na, daoine far nach cadal.) tachair na cnoic.” Mairi Mhor—0, eudail, tha iad so seachad. A’ Chuideachd—Beannachd leatsa. Sian Tha cho math dhuinn luchdan a dheanamh far leatsa. Tunis math. am bheil sinn. (Tuitidh aon an deidh aoin.) Tuts! Tha sibh air falbh air fad a nis. ’S TtiiTiDH am Brat. gu dearbh tha mo cheann fein trom, cuideaohd. (Dughall aii' an rathad.) (Tuitidh iad uile ’nan cadal le srann.) Dughall (a leth-taobh)—Gu dearbh, tha mi Dughall (a’ togail leis a’ bhoesa)—Cadal faireachduixm a’ phoca. na’s aotruim© na bha ©. math oirbh. Theid mise ’nam chuid fein. Mu’n teid mi na’s faide seallaidh mi an do Sian leibh, agus sin agaibh bhur sligean. spiiinn na oeaird mi. (Falbhaidh e.) (Leigidh © dheth am poca is seallaidh © ann,) Nach d’aithnich mi (e caoineadh) ! Cha b’ Dealbh VI. ionghnadh iad a bhi coibhneil rium. Ghleidh- (na ceaird nan cadal.) eadh iad mo chuid is chuir iad mo shaoithair Mairi Mhor (a’ diisgadh)—Ho ho. Eiribh ! ghoirt an asgaidh. Na meirlich mhosach ! ’Gam Eiribh ! 0 luaidh, nach sinn a rinn an cadal! loigedl dachaidh 1© clachan beaga is sligean. (A’ sealltainn troimh ’n phailluinn. Seallaibh Na Meirlich! Ach stad ! Tillidh mi, is chi a’ ghrein. Seallaibh air an uair a tha e. ’S mi ciod e a ghabhas deanamh. _ Na Meirlich ! aim a tha aird an fheasgair ann. (Theid © bharr a’ chlair.) (lad ag eirigh ’nan suidhe, ’s a’ meananaich, ’s ’gan altachadh ’s gan tachas fein.) Tuitidh am Brat. Aon diubh—Obh ! obh ! Nach b’e sud an (Na c©aird mar a bha iad I'oimhe, agus cadal gu dearbh ! ’S ann a tha mo cheann cho Dughall a farchluais is a’ gabhail beachd.) trom ris na clachan fathast. Mairi Mhor (agus bocsai aice)—Ho re, Aon eile (’ga shineadh fein)-—Tha; ’s mo chlann ! ’S math an obair oidhche rinn sinn. cheann-sa. Ho ho! Nach e Seumas Mor a chagnadh Aon an deidh aoin—Tha; ’s m’ fhear-sa. Maii’i Mhdr nuair ruigeas Dughall. Ho i'6! Fuirichidh sinn far am bheil sinn an nochd. Tha ’n car uair ©il© as. Cha ’n ’©il Mairi cho Tha ’n cadal orm fein fathast, claon !v Ho ro ! Mairi Mhor—Thalia, thalla! Tha gu lebir AN DEO-GREINE. 173 dhuinn ged a gheibheamaid fein deoch-chadail, shiiilean e lamh riut fein fhaotainn aon uair a leithid de chadal a dheanamh. (Mothaichidh eile slan sabhailfe taobh an teine. i do ’n phoca.) Ach air thalamh an t-saoghail Seumas—Seadh. ’S mb againn do chathair ciod a tha’n so. (lad a’ sealltainn air fad.) a bhi lan aon uair eile ged a b’ ann air maorach Poca Dhiighaill; ’s am bocsa air falbh. Am a’ chladaich a bhitheamaid a’ tighinn beb a bocsa air falbh ; 's cha toirinn mo leth-shuil air thitheachd air na bheil an cois na ciobaireachd nid de na bh’ aim. (I sgreuchail.) Nach am fad’s urrainn mise am monadh a dhireadh, simie fhuair an droch chadal! (A’ feuchaiml no srath a shiubhal. a’ bhotuil.) Agus nach sinne fbuair sin gu Dughall—Sin agaibh a nis ur fortan (a’ dearbh. Gun deur air a mhas! (lad air fad fosgladh a’ bhocsa). a’ glaodhaich : O, mo chreach!) As a dheidh (Seallaidh iad ’sa bhocsa is gheibh iad paip- sinn. Cha leig thu leas. ’S iomadh mile as earan ann.) an so e. Seumas (a’ sealltainn le longhnadh air Mairi Mhor (a’ sgreuchail ’s a fasgadh a paipear)—Ach ciod as a thainig so? An ann dorn)—0, nach e Dughall aotrom a thug an aig Seumas brathair t’ athar a fhuair thu so ? car mu thorn dhuinn! 0, na’n robh mi cho Cha ’n urrainn gur h-ann. dliith dha’s a tha mi cho fada bhuaidh! 0, Marsali (a’ laimhseachadh an airgid)—Nach nach mi dh’ iulladh e! Nach mi dh’ iulladh e! e so an ulaidh, a dhuine ! Ciod e tha ’n sin ? Obair mo bheatha gun fheum a nis! Co Dughall—Air m’ fhalbh ’s air mo thilleadh shaoileadh gu ’n robh e cho gleusda? Co chuir mi oidhche seachad an campa chbard ’sa shaoileadh e. An Srath-M6r mu dheireadh aig Mhonadh-Dhubh. An oidhche thill mi rinneadh Seumas. (0 bualadh a has.) coibhneas mbr rium. Chaidil mi ’s am poca airgid fo mo cheann, agus air an rath ad an la Tuitidh am Brat. arn-a-mhaireach sheall mi feuch an robh mo (Dughall le bhocsa air a dhruim.) chuid agam. Ciod e shaoileas sibh a thachair? Cha robh air mo sheilbh ach sligean a’ chladaich Togar am Brat a ris. agus eiteagan na h-aibhne. Spuill na ceardan (Athair is mathair Dhughall a’ sealltainn mi agus cha robh ach gle bheag eadar mi is am mach bhuapa.) tillidh cho lom’s a dh’ fhalbh mi—na bu luime Marsali—Lebra ! Ma tha Dughall beo, ’s —mo dhuais air a call an deidh a buidhinn. e tha ’n sud! Am bheil thu ’ga fhaicinn? Co Ach thill mi. Dh’ fhan mi farchluais. Thuig eile bhiodh cho eolach ’s gu’n tigeadh e lorn is mi gu’n d’ fhuair mi deoch-chadail a dh’ fhag direach far an taine an abhainn, an aite mo cheann ro throm. Rinn mi paigheadh mu aghaidh a thoirt air an drochaid. chlar orra. Nuair bha iad a’ mebrachadh na Seumas (a’ cur sgaile air aodann le laimh)— h-ulaidh chuir mi sainnseal math de shugh nan Cha ’n e ceum coigrich a th’ ami, co-dhiubh’s e luibhean ’sa chuaich bhainne. ’S an uair a ’s nach e Dughall a th’ aim. thuit na beistean ’nan closaichean air an iirlar Mauhai.i—’S e th’ aim. Cha ’n eagal nach thug mi learn am bocsa’s na bh’ ann barrachd aithnich mi ceum mo bhalaich. Seall sin : tha air mo chuid fein. e smeideadh. Marsali—A Dhiighall, nach tu ruith an Seumas—Saoil nach eil! cunnart nach d’ thug iad as do dheidh, ’s nach Marsali—M’ eudail! do mharbh iad thu ! Seumas—Mo luaidh ! Nach esan nach do Seumas (a’ leughadh a’ phaipeir)—Ho ho! chaomhain a fein a thoirt togail d’a athair ’s Co shaoileadh e ! Ohair Mairi Mhbir! (E d’a mhathair. Tha fuil Chloinn ’ic Bath an crathadh a,’ phaipeir os a chionn.) A bhana- sud. mheirleach Mhbr! Cbinchean an t-Srath- Marsali—Is Chloinn Chamshroin. Mhbir a ghoid i’s a chum mi gun seilbh fhaot- Seumas—M’ eudail! ainn air oighreachd iar-ogha brathair mo Marsali—Mo luaidh ! sheanar. A bhana-mheirleach Mhbr! A (Thig Diighall a steach. Theid failte chuireadh na sean binsichean air an robh ciiram chridheil a chur air.) tighe is cuid an t-sean amadain m’a corragan— Seumas—Cha robh diiil a’m ri d’ bheb no ri chuir roimpe aichmheil a thoirt am mach air d’ mharhh fhaicinn gu brath. An do rainig son gu’n do ruag mi a brathair. Ho hb ! A thu Lunnainn 1 Am fac thu brathair t’ athar 1 Dhughaill Bhig, a laochain, nach tusa thug Dughall—Rainig mi Lunnainn is chunnaic turns an aigh—an turus a rinn dhiot fein mi brathair m’ athar. Is th’ ann an sud, ciod oighre air an t-Srath Mhbr a’m dheidh-sa. (E ’sam bith eile th’ ann, na chumas bho ’n leum ’s a’* crathadh a’ phaipeir.) Ho hb! chiobaireachd sibhse gu brath, agus na ni Chaidh i bho ’n chiobaireachd mu dheireadh duine dhiomsa. thall. Marsali—0, m’eudail. Nach beag am Marsali—Ni Mairi Mhbr cron, ma ta. 174 AN DEO-GREINE. Setjmas (a’ brath air sean mhusg)—Ni be done in the way of systematic re-editing. raise cron an toiseach. Cuiridh i sud ’nan For that purpose organisation and money were tosd’s ’nan tamh a h-uile ceard no bana-cheard required. a thogus pailluin air aon leanaig ’san Ghaidh- Speaking on “ Gaelic Prose and Poetry,” he ealtachd. (E leum feadh an tighe.) Ho re! said it was a great misfortune that so many Tha raise air mo bhaile mor, is feuch cd people who wrote books on Scottish literature chuireas as mi. Ho re! and history ignore the fact that a Gaelic Mabsali (a’ cur a laimh mu mhuineal literature ever existed in Scotland. It was Dhughaill)—Nach math choisinn mo rim an also unfortunate that the great national term oighreachd. 0, guma buan e fein ’nar deidh- “ Gaelic ” had been so largely displaced in this ne, a’ gabhail toil-inntinn innte. country by the term “ Highland.” Although Seumas (a’ cur a laimh mu mhuineal an most that was associated with the latter term taobh eile)—Agus guma sheadh sin da-san air was highly honourable, yet it was not free from grunnd a sheanairean air an robh e iomadh its abuses in respect that it had obscured the latha ’na dhiol-deirce an aite bhi ’san tigh fact that the name “ Gaelic ” is a national bhan ud shios mar aona mhac duin-uasail do’n name. In connection with Gaelic literature, tugadh uaislean urram. Mar sin bithidh e nis he considered it a great pity that it was so agus, a bhean, ho re ! (An dithis a glaodhaich, little known, not only amongst outsiders, but agus Diighall eatorra.) also amongst those who spoke Gaelic. This Tuitidh am Brat. he ascribed largely to its inaccessibility, and also to the fact that, owing to the extraordinary system of Scottish education since 1872, few people could read Gaelic. He felt justified in ECHOES EROM THE LATE CELTIC declaring it part of their duty to make Gaelic CONGRESS. literature accessible to the people of Scotland. Prof. Watson on Educational Policy, &c. Education in Ireland. Miss Agnes O’Farrelly, dealing with educa- In a previous number of this magazine tional methods in Ireland,-said that the object notice was taken of the doings of the late the congress should keep clearly in view was to Celtic Congress in Edinburgh. Want of space save the language of the Celt. The love of prevented us from taking note of the learning in Celtic countries had been ham- addresses delivered by our own Gaelic scholars. pered for 200 years. When they got educa- In dealing with educational policy and methods tion into their own hands they would re- in Scotland, Professor Watson said that organise it. What they proposed to do was though the details of the policy of the new to base modem education upon the old Celtic Education Authorities have not yet been fully culture, tearing off all the veneer that had disclosed, or probably settled, there were indi- been thrown over it. The teaching,of Irish cations sufficient to show that they were not history must be the first plank in the Irish unmindful of the duties imposed on them by education programme. They naturally looked statute with regard to Gaelic, and were pre- for sympathy from Celts at the top of political paring to carry them out. The initial diffi- life, but they did not always get it. Mr. Lloyd culty of finding qualified teachers was already George had nothing bettor to say than that being met by summer classes proposed to be the language of Ireland was purely artificial. held in Glasgow and Inverness. The future That was grossly unfair. Mr. Lloyd George supply will be maintained once Gaelic becomes could not be a good Celt in Wales and an established in the secondary and higher grade Anglicised one in Ireland. schools, which fed the training centres. As Speaking on the same subject, the Rev. Dr. regards the teaching of Gaelic, the practical MacLennan, Edinburgh, said that, compared problems to be faced were similar to those with Ireland and Wales, the quantity of Gaelic already dealt with successfully in Wales, and prose was small. In the circumstances which also in Ireland. The great aim to be kept in Scottish Gaelic had had to face, however, it view was that no Gaelic-speaking child shoidd was remarkable that there was so much prose. be allowed to grow up without a good know- If Gaelic could have been killed in Scotland In- ledge 6f Gaelic, while children who wished to studied contempt and neglect or by organised learn Gaelic should be encouraged to do so. attack from high quarters, it would have died With regard to Gaelic literature, which existed of starvation or from violence a quarter of a in considerable quantity, it was in many ways millennium ago. In 1616 the Privy Council first rate in form and in matter-, but much of declared in an Act of Parliament that the it was at present out of print, and work had to Gaelic language was one of the chief causes of AN DEO-GREINE. 175 the continuance of barbarity among the inhabitants of the Western Isles and the High- Traits of the Celt. lands, and ought to be abolished. The At the concluding session of the Celtic Con- 8.P.C.K. prohibited the use of Gaelic in their gress, the Duke of Atholl expressed regret that schools for something like 50 years. The ' he had not been able until then to visit the result was that early in the nineteenth century Congress, but another duty, to his King and his education was in a backward state in the High- Church, took priority. Referring to the lands. A Ross-shire clergyman recorded in chairman’s introduction of him, he said that 1811 that in one parish, which was thickly when one had been brought up among the populated, there was not a single individual people of the country and speaking one’s own who could read the Scriptures in Gaelic or language, and finding his best friends among English. Under conditions like these no prose the people, it would be strange indeed if he did could be produced. The Gaelic Schools not play the game by them, more especially Society was founded in 1811 with the object of one with his position and responsibilities. He teaching the people to read Gaelic, and especi- was interested in the past of the Celtic race, ally the Gaelic Bible, In a single generation but more so in the present and the future; a remarkable change took place. Nowadays 90 they would be a far better Celtic nation if they per cent, of the Gaelic-speaking Highlanders dwelt less on the past and pulled themselves can read Gaelic and English. Dr. MacLennan together and thought more of the future. The then dealt with Gaelic prose writers, and made Celtic race had suffered to a certain extent special reference to Scottish Gaelic folk-litera- from the fact that they were scattered all over ture in such collections as Campbell’s West the world. Perhaps from their nature they Highland Tales, many of which displayed great had not been able to organise in large masses mastery in the art of narrative. Some were as they had been able to organise in smaller models of what short storied should be. areas, and had had, owing to their divided Among the notable writers Mr. Donald Mac- counsels, to fall back before the great Kechnie wrote an excellent prose, which had organisations of more subservient nations. refined humour, grace of diction, and a sense of That had been their history. But if they had style. suffered from their lack of cohesion, they had In dealing with Scottish Gaelic poetry from learned to endure, to be loyal, and to stick 1600 a.d., the Rev. George Calder, D.Litt., together. Living in the far glens had had a« Lecturer on Celtic in Glasgow University, certain narrowing effect from want of the pointed out that Gaelic had had a great litera- opportunities of intercourse and exchange of ture for more than 100 years. Its destruc- views and the lack of a press or literature. tion has been caused by political troubles Now that was all different, and no one in the which had severed that age-long connection rural glens could now say he was cut off from b< t ,Teen Ireland and the Highlands. He con- civilisation. They must give up their smaller sidered that the strength of Gaelic literature ideals and live up to great ideals and the tradi- lay in its closeness to the vernacular, whence tions of their race, it derived a directness and familiarity all its own. Referring to the religious poetry of “ The Good of Gaelic.” the Highlands, the speaker said that the metri- Mr. John MacLeod, M.P., presided at a cal version of the Psalms, revised by Dr. Celtic Concert in the Usher Hall, Edinburgh, Smith, of Campbeltown, and others, was tq He said the question had been asked, “ What many even now the best form of poetry known. was the good of Gaelic ? ” It was not a com- In conclusion, he would commend the study of mercial language. This was characteristic of Gaelic to all who wish to know what is best in the materialism rampant at the present time. a virile and idealistic people, but, above all, a The cry was money, money, money* as if it people who all understand and love poetry. were the chief end of man. Money or com- The Rev. M. N. Munro, M.A., convener of merce never made a race. What made a race the Mod and Music Committee of the Comunn was character and tradition. There was no Gaidhealach, said that Gaelic folk-song was of race of a higher character in all the world than a high order. It was still alive and creative the Celtic race. In the course of his speech in many districts of the Highlands. Students Mr. MacLeod made the interesting announce- of music, sick of all the arid rules of composi- ment that the lady who had composed the air tion, would find in the Highland melodies an of the Skye Boat Song was Lady Wilson, whose intense interest. Celtic music, according to maiden name was Ann C. MacLeod. It was the Earl of Cassilis, was not necessarily melan- not generally known that she was the second choly ; there was in it a good deal of the note daughter of the Rev. Dr. Norman MacLeod, of of sadness, a regret for the past and a longing the Barony, Glasgow, and that she was editor for unattainable happiness. of the “ Songs of the North.” 176 AN DEO GREINE. OBAN MOD FUND. The Shop for Gaelic Books. Received at Head Office. Price Postage W.Previously G. Burn-Murdoch, acknowledged, Esq., ... Edinburgh, 183 06 Gaelic Self-Taught. An Introduction to Gaelic Glasgow Inverness shire Association, 6 0 ciationfor Beginners, invaluable with to anLearners, imitated complete, pronun- 1/6 2d GlasgowBute Branch, High ...School Ceilidh, 35 0 An Rosarnach, a galaxy of the best modern Mid-Argyll Association, 0 BardachGaelic Leodhais, authors, Lewis 2 volumes Bards, ready,now ready, each 10/-6/- 6d Alex.Glasgow Fraser, Skye Esq.,Association, Whiteinch, 2 0 The Wizard’s Gillie, with Gaelic and English Tiree Association, 0 0 Fionnopposite ann an pages, Tigh a’ Bhlair Bhuidhe, A Tale,2 3d/6 4did P.Mrs. Mac MacDougall, D. Pullar, Esq.,Bridge-of-Weir, Glasgow, ... .. 100 06 Handbook for Speakers at Gaelic Meetings, - 3d |d Capt. Geo. Campbell, Yr. of Succoth, 1 0 RosgReid’s Gaidhlig. New Elementary Selections Course of Gaelic of Gaelic, Prose, --1/- 2/6 4d3d JohnMrs. JulietCallahan, Macdonald, Esq., Brooklyn, Lochaber, N.Y., 100 0 Reiteach Moraig. Popular Gaelic Play, - 6d l|d John MacKenzie, Esq , Brooklyn, N.Y., 0 0 MacBain’sPosadh Moraig, New Gaelicsequel Etymologicalto Reiteach Moraig, Diet., 12/66d 6dl|d Balance on hand,Received by Local Treasure 11 5 MacLeod and Dewar’s Gaelic-Eng. English- A. MacKay, Esq. of Glencruitten, 0 0 MacEachen’sGaelic Dictionary, Gaelic-English - Dictionary,- - - -12/6 2/6 6d4d Rev.Miss HallG. W. of MacKay, Tangy, Killin, 0 0 Aig Tigh na Beinne, by Mrs. Grant, just pub. 3/6 4d J. VV. Melles, Esq. of Gruline, 0 0 Gu’nMacDougall’s d’thug I speisFolk doTales ’n Armunn, and Fairy Gaelic Lore, novel - 6/-1/- 2Jd4d ObanJohn Branch,Mackintosh, Esq., Inverness, 0 0 Delrdire, Gaelic and Eng. opposite pages, - 3/6 4d Sir Norm-in Lament, Bart, 0 GaelicCameron’s Mission Highland IJymn ClearancesBook, to- 1912,- -- 12/- /- 2d4d T.Rev D. A. MacDonald, MacDiarmid, Esq., Morven, Oban, 0 0 Bardachd Ghaidhlig, Selections from Gaelic J. M. Hall, Esq. of Killean, 0 0 Cath-chuairtPoetry, Eideird Bhruis an Eirinn, 31/-/6 6d2d ColonelRobert N.Gardyne MacLeod, of Glenforsa, Esq., Taynuilt, 20 0 An Solaraiche, four choice Gaelic Essays, 1/3 2d AuraiceptMinstrelsy na of n’eces,the Highlands, Prof. Geo. Gaelic Calder, & Eng , 12/64/- 6d PUBLICATION FUND. £138 3 Celtic Lyre, Gael, and Eng:, sol-fa and staff, 3/6 3d Amount previously acknowledged. ... £198 6 2 Gaelic Songs, little volume in tartan silk, - 1/6 IJd A. Ruse, Esq., Nairn, per Rev. G W. Mackay, 1 0 0 GaelieBiblesAll Post andOrders Testaments must include at sufficientall prices,- for Postage. JamesProceeds Robertson, of Concert Esq., at Furnace,Bonskied, per Miss... 0 5 0 ALEX MACLAREN 81 SONS, Campbell of Succoth 10 10 0 360 and 362 Argyle Street, GLASGOW £210 1 2

WE SPECIALISE IN HAND-WOVEN TWEEDS, REAL HARRIS, ST. KILDA, WEST HIGHLAND, ETC. LADIES' GENTLEMEN'S COSTUMES,AND SUITS, IN THESE FABRICS ARE ALWAYS FASHIONABLE, AND GIVE THE MAXIMUM OF W’EAR. Patterns Free in all N%w Shades. J. G. MALCOLM & BINGHAM, CHARING CROSS (ne^tgerlanu) GLASGOW. Mackay’s Palace Hotel, EDINBURGH. —Highly Recommended. I TABLEBEDROOM, D’HOTE ATTENDANCE, BREAKFAST, LIGHT, from AND Ss. En Pension Rates on Application. HUGH MACKAY, Proprietor. Na Stad gus an ruig thu so. AN DEO-GREINE Leabhar XV.] Darna Mhios an Fhogharaidh, IQ20. [Earrann 12. An laithean leanabais a’ Chomuinn b’e CLAR-INNSIDH. gearan gach neach a bha lionta le eud do’n Ghaidhlig, nach robh i air a teagasg anns na sgoilean. B’e sud an t-uallach a bha a’ cur dragha orra. Ged fhuaradh cuidhte de’n Mu Shealg bheireannach Oisein-Concerning Ossiau’s last eallach a nis, cha duirt, sin gtu’m faod sinn ar lamhan a phasgadh mar nach biodh feum air an cbrr a dheanamh. Tha e mar fhiachaibh oimn, a bhi cho furachail mu chiiisean ’sa bha sinn riamh, agus suil a chumail air dol-a-mach na cuideachd ris an d’ earbadh foghlum na CO DE’N TRIUIR O’ AM BUIN THU? cloinne. Fhuair sinn cothrom laghail, agus a nis ’se ar cuid-ne de’n obair buil a chosnadh o’n Thainig an Comunn Gaidhealach gu ire chothrom sin, air neo cha’n fhearr an lagh na duinealais anns a’ bhliadhna 1891. Tha e a nis reachd gun bhrigh. Cuireamaid, ma ta, cas an suas ri deich bliadhna ficbead de aois. Ghineadh greim is lamh air thapadh a chum cothrom a e aims an Oban. Tha suil aige ri bhi ’del gu ghabhail air na tha fillte aims an Achd iir do tir a leanabais a dh’ aithghearr ’na lan fhearalas,- thaobh na Gaidhlig. Tha Earra-Ghaidheal air agus cha ’n ’eil teagamh nach nochd na tbiseachadh a h-ullachadh fein a dheanamh Latharnaich aoidheaohd chaoimhneil ris, cha ’n cheana, agus tha an t-am aig Ughdarrais eile na ’e mhain air sgath nan laithean a chaidh bheil ’nan amharc a nochdadh. seaohad, ach air sgath na rinneadh leis air *- * * r.aobh na Gaidhlige. Is iomadh rudha air an 0 chionn fhada bha faidhean breige a’ cumail d’ fhuair e timcheall, is iomadh sgeir a thachair a mach gu robh a’ Gbaidhlig a seargadh as mean ris, is iomadh griobadh a dh’ fhuiling e o air mhean, agus gu robh a bas air faire. B’e Ghaidheil fhein, ach chum e a chasan gun sud beachd Mhic Tile Ruaidh an 1832. Ars’ sleamhnachadh gus a seo. Nach faodar a bhi ag esan : —“ Mu’n teid loth cheud bliadhna seachad altmm an dochais a nis gu’m bi a chinneas anns theid i dhith mar a chaidh a’ chanain Chornach, na laithean tha roimhe a’ dol o neart gu neart, agus canain na Bhaldenseach. Cha ’n ’eil ach gu h-araidh an uair a thuigeas daoine nach do mu dhusan bliadhna romhainn gus am bi chaill an spiorad cinneadail seadh na nithean faisneachd Mhic Tile Ruaidh ceud bliadhna de air a bheil e cuimseachadh. Nach mor an aois, ach tha Ghaidhlig iuthmhor fhathast, agus tairbhe a lean a shaothair air dha, le cuid- cha ’n ’eil dad de choltas a’ bhais oirre. ’Nar eachadh a chairdean, cead fhaotainn, fo la fhein thug an t-ollamh Manus Mac Gill- iighdarras Achd Parlamaid, canain ar diithcha Eathain, Sgitheanach ealanta, tarruing air a chur air clar-teagaisg nan sgoilean. Na’n faisneachd ’na dhoigh fhein. Cha deach e cho robh ar daimhich a tha an diugh a’ cnamh fo fad ri Mac Tile Ruaidh, ach b’e bheachd gu robh na leacan, bed, is iadsan a thogadh iollach an sinn dluth air an am anns an tuiteadh na baird toileachais air son na thachair. Ghaidhealach an slochd na dichuimhne ! Cha d’ thainig an t-am sin air faire fhathast. Air 178 AN DEO-GREINE. a chaochladh ; tha barrachd aire do shaothaii- nan daoine o’n d’thainig iad. Na leigeadh iad nan sean bhard ri fhaioinn an diugh na am leb fhein sleamhnachadh fo bhuaidh saobh- bliadhnachan roimh seo. Cha do chuir an shruth an ama le ghlumagan dorcha. Tha sinn saobh-eolas nuadh leis a bheil skin air ar cuartaichte le iomadh sruth nach ’eil cairdeil suartachadh uiread de sgleo air siiilean a’ duinn mar- ohinneadh. Tha beachdan iir agus phobuill ’sa tha daoine am barail. Mar a annasach air greim a ghabhail air inntinnean thuirt an t-Urr: Coinneach Maclebid mi/n an t-sluaigh, air chor agus nach ’eil e soirbh a phuing seo : —“ An, t-amhusg a ta feuchainn ris dheanamh a mach ciod is ceann-uidhe dhaibh. gach ni a dhubhadh as nach gabh reic no Mar sin biodhmaid air ar faicill nach teid ar ceaimach, is ris an or-cheard a chur ’na shuidhe taladh a thaobh le spiorad meallta a bhios a’ cur an cathair Chaluim Chille ” ! Cha bu mhisde an dimeas luach na nithean a tha toinnte ’nar daoine a bhi na bu chinntiche mu comharraidh- gne. ean mu’n gabhadh iad orra fhein lamh a ghabhail air faisneachd. An dream a tha fuar! Ciod a theirear mu’n timcheall-san ? Is gairsineach an, aiteam iad— An diugh, is roimh an diugh, tha, is bha Gaidheil! An do reodh iad buileach ? An d’ Gaidheil roinnte ’nan tri .buidhnean do thaobh fhas iad mar na cnamhan tioram am meadhon an canain. Bhiteadh a’ cur as an loth gu trie a’ ghlinne mar a thaisbeanadh do’n fhaidh nach robh iad riamh air an aon ramh, ’nam Eseciel. Ma dh’ fhas, cb as a thig an anail a measg fein ach aig aon am, agus b’e sin ri uchd sheideas gu teas an teine a tha dubh as? Ma catha air son chaich. Biodh sin mar a dh’ tha na h-eibhlean tur fuar, nach diomhain a bhi fhaodas e, tha comharradh nan tri buidhnean ’seideadh orra? Ach bu mhiann leam a chreid- soirbh ri dheanamh a mach. Tha aon diubh sinn gu bheil sradag fhann am folach anns an teth, an dara te meagh-bhlath agus an treas te luaithre, a feitheamh air “ seimh-anail o thaibh- fuar. Co de’n triiiir d’ am buin thu 1 Is ceist sean nan linntean a dh’ aom,” agus gu’m seo a tha ag agradh fein-cheasnachadh, oir beothaich na h-eibhlean leis an t-sean bhlaths, buinidh e do gach Gaidheal a cur ris fhein. Do eadhon air a lughad. thaobh an dream tha teth cha ruigear a leas Ciod is aobhar do’n fhuarachadh air a bheil mdran a radii. Dhaibh-san buinidh an t-urram mi a’ bruidhinn ? ’Nam bheachd fein, direach a shruthas o dhuinealas, o dhilseachd is o’n an sean ghalar a tha ’leantuinn mhbran, biodh uaisle a tha comharrachadh Gaidheal cothrom- iad Gallda no Gaidhealach, agus is e sin at na ach. mbrehuis, uabhar, spagluinn, fasan an ama, agus Ciod a theirear mu’n fheadhainn a tha air fas mar sin air adhart. Nach eil e mi-nadurra do meagh-bhlath? Ciod e an sebrsa teine bu choir Ghaidheal a chulaobh a thionndadh air nithean fhadadh fodhpa-san? Mur dean bradhdan a bhuineas d’a ghne fhein? Nach ’eil e diithchasach an gnothuch, cha ’n fhios domhsa iomchuidh gu’m biodh daoine seasmhach a ciod e an lasair a fhreagras. Tha iad an thaobh gach cuis a bhuineas do’n diithaich is comhnuidh air clach an turramain—comharradh do’n canain, ged bhiodh iad a chbmhnuidh gu bheil an cnaimh-droma duthchasach a’ dol taobh a mach a criochan ri reic is ceannach. an laigead le cion smior. Am bheil ablach air thalamh is mo culaidh-thruais na esan a chaill a Aig a’ Mhbd a tha nise a,’ teannadh dluth smior-chailleach ? Tha an aiteam seo a’ saoilsinn oirnn chithear a bhuidheann nasal a tha teb- nach eagal do’n Ghaidhlig, gu bheil i tearuinte chridheach do’n Ghaidhlig ma theid idir ac’ air. fo chiiram nam feadhnach a tha cho dealasach Math dh’ fhaoidte’ gu’m faicear grunnan de’n air a taobh, agus mar sin nach eil e mar dream a tha meagh-bhlath cuideachd air fhiachaibh orra-san lamh a thogail a chum an sraidean an Obain. Is e lan di-am-beatha cuideachadh. Cha toigh led aideachadh gu tighinn do’n chbmhlan, gun fhios nach teid iad bheil iad coma ged gheibheadh a’ Ghaidhlig air theas fo bhuaidh na chi’s na chluinneas iad. bas, no gu’n cuirteadh tuar Gallda air a’ Cha mhisd daoine de atharrachadh beachd Ghaidhealtachd. Is i a’ Bheurla-Ghallda is tighinn an cuideachd a cheile aon uair ’sa dluithe do ’n aigne, a chionn gur h-i (’nam bhliadhna am feadh ’sa bhios Parlamaid na beachd-san) a threbraicheas an cloinn gu Gaidhlig cruinn. Ma thachras gu’n tig cuid saibhreas saoghalta. Cb a dhearbh gus a seo de’n dream a tha air fuarachadh air cheilidh gu robh Gaidhlig ’na cloich-bhacaidh air peach oirnn, cha dhiinar a’ chbmhla orra. Sinidh na ’sam bith? Dh’fheuchadh ris air amanan, ach Lathurnaich lamh na failte dhaibh. Cluinnidh cha robh ann ach mealladh. Guidheamaid air iad na sean brain air an seinn gu binn ’s gu an dream seo tionndadh ri rian cinneadail air tlaehdmhor—na h-brain a thalaidheas air ais sgath na diithcha aims na ghineadh iad, agus iad gu laithean aighearach na h-bige. Mur AN DEO-GKEINE. 179 dearg sin orra, mur fairich iad plosgadh cridhe, congregations was 30. These were hiding agus buille ’nan enisle, tha iad cruaidh- half of their light under a bushel. The cause ehridheach da rireamh. Cha bn in hath leam of the Church in the Highlands demanded the a bhi ’nan caiseart. attention of these brethren. Speaking on “ Celtic Sentiment ” in the Church, the Rev. Dr. R,. Simpson, Edinburgh Aon sanas eile aig deireadh mo sgebil. Na (U.F.), wondered if the Assembly realised how cluinneamaid lideadh ach Gaidhlig air many people there were in the Highlands who, sraidean an Obain fhad ’sa bhios am Mod while they spoke in English, thought in Gaelic. cruinn, agus sin gu h-araidh leis a mhuinntir a In the coming years they might have difficult tha comasach air canain ar diithcha a and delicate problems, social and ecclesiastical, bhruidhinn gu fileanta. Na gabhamaid in the Highlands. In the past, delicate iasad o’n Sags-Bheurla a’ siubhal am measg a’ situations had been relieved, because someone phobuill mar gu’m biodh naire oimn roimh had been able to speak to the people in their choigrich. Ma tha dad againn r’a radh ri a own language. clieile abramaid e an Gaidhlig bhlasda gun Mr. J. Buyers Black, Glasgow, speaking in athadh. Biodh gach neach mar ghunna-da- support of overtures asking that a Gaelic and bharaile—a losgadh leis an fhear a fhreagras a’ English preacher should be appointed as secre- chuis aig an am. Gu soirbhich Mod na tary of the Highland Committee, said that the bliadhna seo ’san diithaich aims an deach a chur tendency at present was to settle men on the air bonn. land in the Highlands, and with water-power schemes there they might see the rise of large THE CHURCHES AND GAELIC. villages. They had very few Gaelic students— not more than three or four—and there were It was intended that pronouncements on twelve important charges vacant. The Free Gaelic in the three Churches during the last Church, one-tenth of the size of the U.F., had Assembly should be recorded in our pages twenty. These were got through the instru- earlier, but want of' space stood in the way. mentality of their Highland secretary. As these are noteworthy, they may be put on A deputation from An Comunn Gaidhealach record now in view of future developments. appeared in the Free Church Assembly in con- The Churches have definitely ranged them- nectiqn -with the teaching of Gaelic in schools. selves on the side of Gaelic in schools. Con- , Professor Watson, on their behalf, appealed sidering the service they rendered to this cause for the assistance of the Churches in Scotland when the Education Bill was being piloted in carrying out the provisions of the new through Parliament, there can be no doubt of Education Act. He gave instances of the their attitude now. If they were apathetic in contributions of ministers to Gaelic literature, days gone by, as some think, they have fully and insisted that the Churches should not fail atoned for it, and the Comunn Gaidhealach to interest themselves in this matter. He regard them as allies whose aid will be of far- maintained that Gaelic in the Highlands was of reaching consequences to the whole movement. tremendous importance as a means of religious The Rev. Dr. Russell, Edinburgh, in deal- instruction and of culture. It was the duty of ing with religious conditions in the Highlands Highlanders to attend the Gaelic services at the Assembly in May, expressed his gratifi- regularly, and to buy Gaelic books. He asked cation that among the unusually large number everyone to help the new Education Authori- of young men aiming at the Ministry, a due ties in carrying out the provisions of the proportion of them were Gaelic-speaking. The Education Act. The acting Moderator (the prospects of education, he said, were very Rev. Dr. Maclean) assured the deputation that bright. In regard to the dearth of Gaelic the Free Church would do all in its power to students, Mr. Clark Hutchison of Ledaig (U.F. further their cause. Church) said that the condition of congrega- The above remarks by churchmen are signi- tions in the Highlands was disquieting because ficant as bearing on the Gaelic movement, but of the dearth of Gaelic probationers and there is one thing lacking in them all, and that students in the Church. There were only is the failure to recognise that Gaelic deserves three of each, and there were twelve vacancies. to be studied, not merely as a crutch for the Mr. John G. Mackay, Portree, said there was work of the various churches, but for its own no scarcity of Gaelic ministers ; a good num- sake as an instrument of culture. It will ber was scattered1 over the land—gone to more never come into its own unless this is realised fertile fields. According to the Rev. John by the churches, and the laity as well. In so MacBean, Tobennory, the number of Gaelic- far as the religious life of the Highlands is speaking ministers in purely English-speaking concerned, the knowledge gained in a theologi- 180 AN DEO-GREINE. cal course is looked upon with some suspicion in certain parts of the Highlands yet. Niceties Mar an uiseag, lebint’ ’s an fhasach, of textual criticism do not appeal to the Celtic Fann, ’s a cairdean idle marbh. mind, however important these may be regarded from the point of view of the scholar; Ach gidheadh cha d’ eug ar sliochd-ne they are often treated as the “ idle wind which Mar an Fheinn ’s an am bho chian, they respect hot.” Gaelic demands a more Cunntair fathast mbran Ghaidheal scholarly study than people are inclined to Anns gach fonn mu ’n dearrs a’ ghrian. think, and its literature, much of which is unpublished yet, is not so meagre as is sup- Glacamaid gu daingean misneach ; posed. Its serious study involves a mental Seallamaickri Tir nam beann ; training equal to the modicum of Hebrew and Diiisgeamaid a mic gu eirigh Greek required in a theological course. A Oir is siol nan treun a th’ ann! language which has been, and is yet, so closely interwoven with the spiritual experiences of Gus an cluinnear cebl na ploba the people cannot be ignored without doing Aig na suinn ’n an diithaich fein ; violence to the spiritual idealism of an Gus an sguirear ’bhi ’g an sgiotadh emotional race. This idealism is an outstand- Mar luchd-uilc do thirean cein. ing factor in the psychology of the Gael, and is what differentiates him from most other Gus an soillsich grian an eblais, people. As things stand at present, Gaelic is ’N a geal-ghlbir air Tir mo ruin; essential for his mental pabulum. At the Far am bheil na beanntan aillidh moment the omens are favourable for Gaelic, ’S ceb nan ard orra mar chrim. and those who wish prosperity to it should seize the opportunity. The Churches should Far am fionnar cuisl’ an fhuarain, see to it that all Sabbath schools in the High- Far an rioghail cluain nam fliir; lands should be conducted in Gaelic alone in Far am binn a’ cheblraidh shamhraidh the case of Gaelic-speaking children. • ’Seinn air roinn nam meangan iir. Far an cluinnte smior na Gaidhlig, Sgeulachd ard no ealain dhian ; BROSNUCHADH NAN GAIDHEAL. Fuaim an dain mu euchdan mbra Mosgail suas a mhic .a’ Ghaidhil: ’Rinn na sebid a bh’ ann bho chian. Diiisg gun dail, is tog do cheann ; Dinsgibh suas a chlann nan Gaidheal! Diiisg gu luath, a chum nach basaich Deanaibh spaim is iomairt chruaidh; lomradh aluinn Tir nam beann. Cuimhnichibh air cainnt bhur mathar, Mosgail grad a clos do chodail; Cainnt an aigh ’s nan iomadh buaidh. Clos gu brath nach coisinn cliii; Ach mur eirich sibh gu dileas, Clos a dh’ fhagas t-eachdraidh suarach Bidh bhur staid d’a rireadh searbh. ’S a ni t-ainm gun luach gun diu. Sluigidh dl-chuimhn’ suas bhur canain ; ’S truagh nach robh mi deas am briathran, ’S bi bhur cliu mar Ghaidhil, balbh. Cumhachdach mar shiol nam bard— ’Chum ’bhi ’brosnuchadh mo dhiithcha “ Lean gu dluth ri cliu do shinnsir.” Gu ’bhi ’diisgadh dochas ard. Seas gu direach air do bhonn. Mosgail, ’s cuir ’an cbill gu buadhach Chuala sinn na dain aig Oisein, Facal suaicheantais nan sonn! Brighmhor aim an neart’s am fonn; “ Crbag Sgothabhal.” Far am bheil’s gach cearn de ’n t-saoghal larmad sgaoilte Tir nan sonn. Chualaidh sinn na dain aig Oisein, Is iomadh gnath fhocal maith tha againn ’sa Cianail mar an osag Mhaigh, Ghaidhlig, as am faodar moran tuigse ’tharr- ’Caoidh gu’n d’ fhuair an, t-eug na gaisgich uing, agus da rireamh cha ’n e an t-aon a leanas Agus bighean grinn an aigh. as miosa dhiubh. “ Na’m biodh lochdan agus cionta an duine as fearr air thalamh, sgriobhta Bha e aonarach ’us deurach, air clar ’aodainn, dh’ fheumadh e a chbmhdach- ’Toirt fainear nan treun a dh’ fhalbh, cinn a tharruing sios air a shiiilean.” AN DEO-GREINE. 181 MU SHEALG DHE1REANNACH OISEIN.# CONCERNING OSSIAN’S LAST HUNTING.* Bha Oisean ’na sheann aois, ’na aonar ann Ossian, when very aged, lived alone in a an tigh a muigh ann am baile, do’n ainm house in the outlying part of a township called Gleann-Caoin-Fheoir an sgireachd Thorasaidh. Gleann-Caoin-Flxeoir in the parish of Torasay. Chuir Padruig agus nighean Oisein cul ris, Patrick, and Ossian’s own daughter, had le [a] ro mheud ’sa dh’ itheadh e. turned their backs on him, because of the great amount he used to eat. Chuir Padr-uig cuireadh air Oisean, a athair Now Patrick sent an invitation one day to ceile, air latha araid, chum feisd a dh’ ullaich- Ossian, his father-in-law, to a feast that had eadh do dhream ara-id de na cairdibh. been prepared for a certain branch of his kindred. Chuir aon de na daoinibh oga, reasgach, a One of the restless young men who were bha ’nan suidh aig an fheisd, aig an robh calpa sitting at the feast had a deer’s shank which feidh ’ga chreim, a’ cheist air Oisean—am faca he was picking. He put the [following] ques- e riamh calpa feidh bu mho na an calpa ud. tion to Ossian—Had he ever seen a deer’s shank bigger than tjiat? Rug Oisean air a’ chalpa, agus mheuraich se Ossian laid hold of the shank, and fingere J e, oir bha e ’na dhall an uair sin. Agus it, for he had become blind at that time. And fhreagair e, an t-6ganach, agus thuirt e ris, he answered the young man and told him that gu’m faca e calpa luin f moran na bu mho, he had seen a blackbird’s shank f very much agus gu’m b’ aithne dha an t-aite an robh e, bigger, and that he knew the place where it mur a bhith dith na leirsinn. was, [and could find it,] were it not for the want of eye-sight. “ 0! is e an t-amadan truagh,” ars’ a “ 0 ! ” said his daughter, “ what a pitiful nighean, “ am fear a ta a’ tabhairt creideis fool must he be who gives thee any credence, dhuit, le do bhosd agus le do bhriagaibh.” thee with thy boastings, and thy lies.” Thug i an togail ghrad sin air Eachdraidh And suddenly snatching up the History of na Feinne, a bha sgrlobhte aig a companach the Fingalians, which had been written out by Padruig, agus thilg i an t-iomlan ann an her spouse, Patrick, she hurled the whole of meadhon an teine, agus chaidh iad ri ’theinidh, the writings into the midst of the fire, and they —The* oldThis Fingalian story will host, probably a band be ofmade mighty more giants, intelligible had diedby the fighting following their prefatory last great remarks: battle, andthe battleOssian. of Gabhra.Ossian hadAll beenhad perished,saved from except the slaughterCaoilte (with at Gabhra, whom weand are carried not now away concerned) to fairy- returnsland by tohis Scotland,fairy sweetheart. where he Hefinds lives a racein fairyland of puny fordwarfs three in hundred possession years, of theafter country. which heIn wellone ofas histhe adventuresnatural powers among of sightthese and little strength, dwarf's andhe losesbecomes the fairya pitiable gift ofwreck perpetual of his youth, former as mightyStranded self. among Though the puny as tremendous race of little in staturemen, a asTriton ever, amonghe has thebecome minnows, old, infirm,Ossian, and old blind. and theblind, mighty Ossian, deeds the oflast the of ancient the giants, heroes, Ossian,dwelling bard on andtheir chieftain, great stature, begins and telling on thethem great tales size of ofOssian’s the deer son-in-law, which their so much huge thathunting he commitshounds usedmany to of chase.them to Thesewriting. tales charm Patrick, in theOssian’s proverb emotions (Nicolsbn, at finding382)— his native soil overrun by dwarfs are probably commemorated CarraigPat’s rock Phaidein under fopigmies, na bridich, however,said when Ossian’sthat which great is venerable stature seemsis trodden to have under been foot transferred by the unworthy. to another Incharacter, that proverb, owing allperhaps the elements to some ofdecay folk-tales. in the art of storytelling. Proper names are, as a rule, the most fluid of thatt ofLuin, an gen.ordinary of Ion, deer a blackbird,would scarcely also an have elk. provokedTo say thatOssian’s the bonedaughter of an to elk wrath. was biggerIt follows than versions,that she mustreciters have understoodspeak of ““calpa isean luin”an loin-duibh,” to mean “the i.e., shank the ofchick the blackbird.”of the blackbird: In other whereas,calf; and hadwould the nevercreature have been called an it-elk, black, they as wouldthat colourhave referredis not characteristicto its young asof “ laogh,”the deer a theirtribe. fossilThat remains. there was This at onetale time preserves a gigantic a memory race ofof elks these in andthese of islands the fact has that been theyproved were by thehunted, hunting though of itthe is colossala long timeMoa, since a bird they which became became extinct. extinct The only Maoris recently. also preserve tales of 182 AN DEO-GREINE. mu ’n do rug iad ach air ro bheag a shabhaladh were burnt with the exception of a veiy few, dhiiibh. which they just managed to save. Bha Padruig ro dhuilich air [an] son. Patrick was very sorry for [the loss of] them. “ Ma ta,” ars Oisein, “ dearbhaidh mise “ However,” said Ossian, “ I will prove to dhuibh gur i an fhirinn a ta agam-sa; agus a you all, that what I say is the truth; and Phadruig, ma cheadaich&as tu do d’ mhac falbh Patrick, if thou wilt allow thy son to go with leam-sa, lorgaidh mi a mach fhathasd calpa an me, I will yet trace up and find the blackbird’s luin.” shank.” Dh’ aontaich Padruig a leigeil leis. Pat lick agreed to let him go with him. Dh’ fhalbh Oisean, agus mao Phadruig, do’m So Ossian and Patrick’s son, whose name b’ ainm an Gille Blar Odhar. Choisich iad gu was the Gille Blar Odhar, went off. They iochdar Beinn-an-t-Seallaidh, agus thog iad a walked to the foot of Beinn-an-t-Seallaidh, mach ri achadh, do’n ainm Lurg | laruinn. and thence they made for a field, named Iron Thuirt Oisean ri a ogha. Ridge. Said Ossian to his grandson, “ Ciod e, a’ laochain, a tha thu nis a’ faicinn, “ What is it, my little hero, that thou seest oir tha mi ’cluinntinn monmhur bruidhne.” now, for I hear a low murmuring, as of speech.” “ Tha,” ars’ a ogha, “ daoine, a tha air “ It is,” said his grandson, “ some men, who seisrich laimh ruinn.” are working with a team of six horees near us.” “ Thoir mise, a laochain, an rathad a tha “ Take me towards them, my little hero.” iad.” Rinn a ogha mar a dh’ iarr e air. His grandson accordingly did as he desired him. “ Is math a gheabhar sibh, ’fheara,” ars’ “ Well done, my men! You do well indeed,” Oisean. said Ossian. " Tha sinn a’ deanamh mar a dh’ fhaodas “ We just do as best we may,” said the men. sinn,” arsa na fir. “ Thoir dhomh do lamh,” ars’ Oisean, ris a’ “ Give me thy hand,” said Ossian, to the lead- chrannairean. ing ploughman or goad’s-man. “ Cha toir,” ars a ogha ; “ ach thoir an coltar “ No, do not do so,” said his grandson; as a’ chrann, agus thoir dha e.” “ take the coulter out of the plough instead, and give him that.” Rinn an duine mar sin, agus ghlac Oisean an The man did so, and then Ossian, seizing coltar, agus liib e air a cheile e. * the coulter, bent it upon itself (i.e., bent it until the two ends met together). ’Na dheidh sin, thog iad a mach ri Mam Afer that, they fared forth and made for Bradhadail, agus theirinn iad air Leitir Mam Bradhadail, and descended the Slopes of Luin, § air am bheil an t-ainin sin gus an of the Elk or blackbird, which are so named latha an diugh. Deir Oisean ri a ogha, even unto this day. Said Ossian to his grand- “ Bi furachair: am faic thu seann chraobh “ Give good heed ; seest thou an old tree mhor, dharaich, agus cos ’na taobh 1 ” there, a mighty oak, with a hollow in the side of it?” Fhuair an Gille Blar Odhar i, gun ro The Gille Blar Odhar, guided by his grand- mhoran saothraich, le sebladh a sheanar. Chuir sire, found it, without much labour. And Oisean a lamh a stigh ’sa ’chbs, ’us thug e a thereupon, Ossian, putting his hand into the mach as, calpa an luin. hollow, fetched out of it the blackbird’s shank. + Lurg laruinn, the Iron Ridge, very suggestive of the episode following. Lurg means the theridge face, of aresembling hill extending baldness: gradually “ odhar,” into ameans plain. “ dun,“ Blar pale, ” is sallow,said of drab,animals dapple, that haveyellowish.” a spot on an old* See Fingalian “ An Deo-Greine,” champion, orNov., his ghost,1913, p.wishes 26, forto shakefurther hands, examples a wise of man this always incident. offers himWhen a coulter, or“bruises” sword, oror some smashes hard theobject. sword, Theand other crushes leaves other the objects marks till of they his crumble fingers toon dust. the eightSometimes living it generations,is an ancient and withered is found man behind who somewishes shelf to shakeor cranny, hands. swaddled He is away the inancestor a bundle ct ofstrength moss orof wool.his grasp Though is terrific. so old, this “ ninth father ” is always very dangerous, and the § Leitir Luin, the Slopes of the Elk or Blackbird, another suggestive name. AN DEO-GREINE. 183 Dh’ imich iad rompa a niach as a’ choillidh. They pressed on until they were out of the “ Seall, a ’laochain,” ars’ Oisean, “ am faic thu forest. “ Look, my little hero,” said Ossian, choc mdr aims a’ bhlar, an iochdar na coille ?” “ seest thou the great hill on the plain, at the lower or farther end of the forest ? ” “ Chi,” ars a ogha. “ Yes, I see it,” said his grandson. “ Treoraich mise an sin,” ars Oisean. Is e “ Lead me there,” said Ossian. The name ainm a’ chnoic-sa Ceann-a-’Chnocain, cnoc- of that hill is Ceann-a-’Chnocain, a heather hill fraoich bu ghnath leis an Fheinn a bhi tathaich where the Fingalian host had often been accus- gu trie, aims na linntibh roimhe sin, ceart tomed to resort, in times long before that; it laimh ris a ’pholl ’na thiodhlaic Fionn, athair is hard by the pit in which Fingal, the father Oisean, an coire—[poll] ris an canar, gus an of Ossian, had buried the cauldron, f [a pit] latha an diugh, Poll Choire Fhinn. which is called to this day the Pit of Fingal’s Cauldron. Shuidh iad air a’ chnoc, agus ghabh iad mu They seated themselves on the hill, and thamh, an sin, re na h-oidhehe. rested there for the night. Ghuidh Oisean gu diithrachdach, gu’m Ossian prayed most earnestly, that Biorach, bitheadh Bioi ach Mac Buidheig, an t-aon chii bu the son of Buidheag, the very worst hound the dona bha riamh ’san Fheinn, air a dheonach- Fingalians ever had, might be vouchsafed to adh dha. | him. | Mhosgail e mu dheireadh na h-oidhche, ’us He awoke during the latter part of the e a’ mothachadh trom air muin a chos, agus dh’ night, feeling a weight lying on his feet, and he aithnich e gu’n d’ fhuair e a ath-chuinge. knew he had obtained his request. Dh’ fhan e mar a bha aige, gu briseadh na [He did not move, but] remained as he was, faire. till the break of day. Dhiiisg Oisean an Gille Blar Odhar, agus Then, having awakened the Gille Blar thug Oisean eigh no iolach as, a chuir geilt- Odhar, Ossian raised the [hunting-]halloo, such chrith air gach creutair gluasadach a bha aims a rousing shout, that every living (lit., moving) na coilltichean mu’n cuairt dha. creature in the woods round about him, shivered with fear. “ Ciod e-a chi thu? ” are Oisean ris a’ Ghill© “ What seest thou? ” said Ossian to the Gille Bhlar Odhar. Blar Odhar. “ Tha mi ’faicinn aireamh lionmhor, de “ I behold a mighty number of little animals, chreutairibh beaga, seanga, ruadha.” [deer], slender and tawny.” “ Leigidh sinn seachad iad sin,” a deir •‘We will let those past,” said Ossian; Oisean ; “ cha ’n ’eil an sin, a laochain, ach “ those, my little hero, are naught, they are Sliochd na Luaithe-Luinnich.” only the Breed of the Swift Elk.” Thug Oisean an ath eigh1 as. “ Ciod e, a Again did Ossian give a mighty shout. nis, a chi thu, a laochain? ” “What now dost thou see, my little hero?” “ Chi mi,” ars a ogha, “ na h-uiread de “ I see,” said his grandson, “ a great num- bheathaichibh seanga, donna.” ber of gaunt, brown beasts.” “ Tha, an sin, Sliochd na Deirge Dasnuiche. “ That is the Race of the Fierce Red [Deer.] Leig sin seachad fathasd.” Let them also pass on.” Thug e an treas eigh as. Dh’ fheoraich e Then he gave a third halloo, and asked his de a ogha, ciod e bha e’ faicinn. grandson what he saw now. t The Cauldron was more or less magic. See on magic cooking of ancient Gaelic goddesses, “Celtic+ The Review,” Gaelic wordVIIL, “ 74:guidh X., ” 335.means three things, to pray, to wish for, to curse. In some tales“ W. theH. Tales,”suppliant IV., sits Nos. in 119,a magic 305, chairpp. 408, to “pray et seq.”or wish. : “ CelticPraying Review,” for somethingV., 259, and occurs in tales in wasof the made, “ Glass but Mountainrepresent ”the group. suppliant These as prayingtales never for somegive thecreature, name ofsuch the as god the to White whom Hound, prayer gottenor Great gods. Bull, namesThe wishing-cup, which may wishing-for-luck,very well be the etc.,representatives are known toor moderns,symbols butof the they now do not,for- ouras a story,rule, Ossianrealise praysthat thisfor andwishing obtains is anot degraded only the form hound of paganbut the prayer.—In lad as well.—Biorach some versions Mac of coloursBuidheig of maygood mean omen “ inSharp, the case the ofSon dogs. of Yellow-Bitch.”See also Nicolson’s Yellow “ Gaelicor tawny Proverbs,” were deemed 99, 364— to be “ Almost,Theab ’sbut cha didn’t, d’ rinn, the cu’s worst miosa dog ’bhain the riamh Fingalian ’s an Fheinn.pack.” “ ‘ ChaAlmost d’rinn ’ never Theab got riamh game.” sealg. 184 AN DEO-GREINE. “ Tha mi faioinn,” ais’ a ogha, “ moran de “ I see,” said his gi'andson, “ a multitude of fheidhibh troma, donna.” huge, heavy, brown deer.” “ Bi a’ stuigeadh § Biorach Mac Buidheig.” “ Up, and set Biorach Mac Buidheag at them.” § Ri siubhal a ghabh an oil, agus mharbh e Away rushed the hound at speed, and it seachd lan daimh. killed seven full-grown stags. “ Am bheil e ’leagail na leoir? ” ars’ Oisean. [“ Is he dragging down plenty?” said Ossian. “ Tha.” “ Yes, he is.” “ An uair a ohi thu, a nis, aon dusan aige, “ When thou seest, now, that he has caught caisgidh thu e.” a dozen, check him.” An uair a shaoil an Gille Blar Odhar gu’n When the Gille Blar Odhar thought the robh iad aige, sheinn e an fhideag, ’us chaisg e hound had caught that number, he sounded an oil.] the whistle, and checked the hound.] “ Bi furachail, a laochain; [ma tha an “ Be wary and watchful, my little hero ; [if cuilean buidheach seilge, thig e gu modhail, the pet whelp be sated with the chase, he will socair—mur ’oil, thig e ’us a chraos fosgailte.] come fawning and quietly—if he be not sated, Am faic thu an oil a ’tighinn 1 ” he will come ravening with open gape.] Seest thou the hound coming?” “ O chi mise e,” ai's an Gille Blar Odhar, “ 0, I see him, indeed,” cried the Gille Blar “ agus a chraos fosgailte.” Odhar, “ and his ravening mouth is all agape.” [“ Is dona_an nid a rinn thu—an cuilean a [“ It is an ill thing thou hast done—to check chasg, ’us gun e buidheach seilge.] * Cha ’n the pet pup when not yet sated with the chase.] ’eil mo chuilean-sa buidheach seilge fathast, My pet whelp is not yet sated with hunting, agus marbhaidh e sinne. Ach feuch an stiiiir and it is we whom he will kill. But see if thou thusa mo lamh-sa a stigh ’na bheul, an uair a cansk guide my hand into his mouth, when he thig e am fagus.” comes up [to us].” Rinn e [an Gille Blar Odhar] mar a dh’ iarr The Gille Blar Odhar did as Ossian had Oisean air, agus chuir e a lamh ’na chraos, [’us desired him, and guided Ossian’s hand into its chrath e an sgbrnan as], ’us mharbh se e. ravening gape, [and Ossian shook out its throat] and killed it. “ Thoir a nis mi, far am faca thu na feidh a’ “ Bring me now to the place where thou tuiteam,” [ars Oisean.] didst see the deer fall,” [said Ossian.] Chruinnich e leis iad air mullach a ghualainn He [Ossian] gathered the deer, and carried them away on the top of his shoulders and on ’us air uallach a dhroma, gus an mig e an cnoc the burden-bearing part of his back, till, he air an do chaidil iad an oidhche roimhe sin. came to the hill on which they had slept the [Is e naoidh daimh a bh’ ann, agus cha b’ night before. [There were nine stags, but uilear do Oisean siod ’na onrachd, ’us bha cuid they were scarcely enough for Ossian alone. a’ ghille air chall, o’n a chaisg e an oil mu’n What the lad might have had was all lost, robh e buidheach seilge.] because he had checked the hound before it was sated with the chase.] They [Ossian and his grandson] built a large Chuir iad suas an tuiiach. fire. They gathered firewood. Chruinnich iad connadh. They skinned the deer, and then Ossian Chuir iad na feidh as bein, agus thog Oisean lifted the cauldron of Fingal, his father, out coire Fhinn, a athar, as a pholl, ’us bhruich iarl of the pit, and they cooked the deer [in it.] na“ feidh. Nis, a laochain,” ars Oisean, ri a ogha, “ Now, my little hero,” quoth Ossian to his “ fan thusa fad na laimhe uam-sa, mu’n ith mi grandson, “ keep thou a long arm’s-length § Imperative of the verb to be + at + verbal noun. This combination expresses a com- mand* Theof greatsentences urgency. between square brackets, inserted. in order, to make. the sequence of„ events clearer,mons the have deer, been not taken with froma shout a versionor halloo, in “but W. byIT. a Tales,”whistle II.,or chanter.No. 31, in Inwhich another Ossian version, sum- the whistleblowing isof mentioned this whistle in severalnearly tales.splits Thethe Red attendant Indian, boy’s when head. hunting The the terrific moose, power gives of bull.noon a Withbirch-bark a bellow pipe of the defiance call of atthe all cow other moose males, with thea fidelity bull comesthat completely crashing throughdeceives the memoratesforest to where the practicethe Indian of a issimilar lurking, hunting and is ruse duly in shot ancient for his Gaeldom. pains. Our tale possibly com- AN DEO-GREINE. m thu, an riochd toitein. Ma gheabh mise mo from me, lest I eat thee, [taking thee] for a leoir an diugh, cha bhi dith no faillinn orm-sa collop. If I can only get enough to satisfy me li m’ bheo.” f to-day, I shall never suffer want or failing again for the rest of my life.” f Ma b’ fhior, nam faigheadh e a leoir an la If it were credible, he would have become sin, gu’m fasadh e ogail, laidir, neartmhor, young and strong, powerful and active once treubhaoh. Blia’n fhagail-sa j aige o a more, if only he could get enough to satisfy leannan sith. him that day. This virtue or fate or gift ] had been bestowed upon him by his fairy love. Bha crios mu a mheadhon, airson a bhrii a Now there was a belt about his middle, for theannachadh air a cheile. § the purpose of drawing in his waist and hold- ing it firmly together. § Bha naoidh tinneachan de’n chiios air a [So greatly had the belt been tightened] chur seach a cheile, mu’n do thoisich e air that it overlapped by nine links. This was itheadh nam fiadh. Dh’ fheumadh e ’fhaotainn before he began to eat the stags. And what de shithinn na llonadh a bhrii: an sin, bhith- he wanted and must needs have was enough eadh an crios arm an ruighidh gus an tinne a b’ venison to fill his maw: for then the belt fhaide mach. would have been let out to the farthest link. [A h-uile damh a dh’ itheadh e, leigeadh e [For every stag he ate he let out the belt by tinne de ’n chrios a mach.] Ach an uair a one link.] But the Gille Blar Odhar, seeing chunnaic an Gille Blar Odhar, nach robh a that there was no likelihood of Ossian’s leaving choltas air Oisean gu’m fagadh e fuighleach, any remnant, drew away a large portion of sgriob e leis earrann mor de na bha air what there was before his grandsire, and beulaobh a sheanar, agus chuir e siod air a appropriated it to himself. thaobh fein. Dh’ ith Oisean na bha aige, an uair sin, ach Ossian then ate all there was near him, but cha robh e air a shasuchadh. Dh’ ionndrainn his hunger was not appeased. He felt the e na thug a ogha leis, agus thuirt e, “ 0, a’ want of what his grandson had taken away laochain! is ro ole a fhuaras tu; nam fagadh and longed for it, and he said, “ 0, my little tu an t-iomlan agam, bhithinn cho math ’s a hero! it is an ill deed thou hast done; hadst bha mi riamh.” thou but let me have it all, I had been as well and strong as ever I was.” Thiodhlaic Oisean an coire ann an Poll Ossian buried the cauldron in the Pit of Choir’ Fhinn. Ghluais e fein agus a ogha Fingal’s Cauldron. He and his grandson set chum pillidh do Ghleann Caoin-Fheoir, ach is e about returning to Gleann Caoin Fhebir. But a’ chomhairle a chirm an ceann ogha Oisein, now, the plot, which all this time had been gu’m feuchadh e am faigheadh e Oisean, a maturing in his grandson’s mind, came to a sheanar, a chur le creig. Chomhairlich a head, and he determined to try and get Ossian, mhathair dha roimh laimh, sin a dheanamh. his grandsire, to fall over a precipice. His mother had advised him before hand, to do so. Threbraich se e gu bruaich Uirigh Bhiat- He led him to the edge of the Raven’s Eyrie, aich, * ris an goirear gu coitchionn a nis which is now commonly called Uirigh an Uirigh an Fhithich, agus dh’ fhag e an siod e. Fhithich, and there he left him. Thuit e leis a’ chreig, agus stad e meadhon Ossian fell down the rock, and landed half na h-Uirigh. Bha e car nine, mu’m b’ urrainn way down the eyrie. It was some time before da gluasad, ach cho luath ’s a chuir e am he was able to move, but as soon as he had got preathal sin seachad, thbisich e air meurach- over the shock, he began to feel about him adh mu’n cuairt da, gus an d’ fhuair e fainne, until he found a ling, which he had lost some a dhealaich ris uine roimhe so. time before. +f Fagail.In “ Leabhar “ Tha na ’fhagail Feinne,” fhein “ ortsaaig gach rid bheo,”neach. i.e.,Everyone on thee has for his the fate. rest Lit., of thy his life.abandon- thatment—left time. toThe himself.” “fagail” “ orBha “heritage” fagail aig was, na righeanthat if the’san Kingam ud failed ”—Kings to do hadjustice a heritage properly, at —“the judgmentW. H. Tales,” seat wouldII., No. give 35.—“ a kick, Proc. and Roy. the IrishKing’s Acad.,’ neck wouldxxxiv’., suffer C. a10, crick.—“ 11, p. 274. Nicolson,” 357. § “ TightenTeannaich your do beltchrios till gus you am get faigh food.”—“ thu biadh. Nicolson,” 353. TheyThe nineappear links as arenine referred oaken skewersto with ina “singular W. H. Tales,”pronoun, II., anNo. interesting 31. point of grammar. the *modern Biatach, word. an obsolete,Uirigh, ora shelf,nearly or obsolete eyrie. word for “raven”; fitheach, gen. fithich, being 186 AN DEO-GREINE. Nis, is arm o a leannan sith a fhuair e an Now, it was from his fairy love that he had toiseach e. Rha de bhuaidh air, nach cailleadh first obtained the ring. And ils virtue and e a fhradharc agus naoh faigheadh e bas. potency consisted in this—that Ossian should never lose his sight nor see death [so long as he had it.] [Fhuair e mar so, a fhradharo a rithisd.] [It was in this way that he recovered his sight again.] Thainig e an sin dhachaidh, le a fhainne And so he came home, with his ring and the agus le calpa an luin ; agus mar a thuirt e riu blackbird’s shank ; and it was even as he had mu’n d’ flialbh e, is amhlaidh a b’ fhior—b’e told them before he went away—the black- calpa an luin moran na bu mho. bird’s shank was bigger [than the deer’s] by far. NOTES AND TRANSLATION.—By J. G. MACKAY, London. From J. F. Campbell’s “ Leabhar na Feinne,” In another version, Ossian prays for and p. Other38: See versions also “ appearedibid.” 198. in “ West Highland Whetherobtains, notthese only were the regarded hound, butas phantomsthe gillie oralso. as Tales,” 11., No. 31: IV., p. 384, Nos. 91, 114. problemre-incarnations of the stags.remains as mysterious as the AndThe one legend in “ Waifsis sometimes and Strays.” called “ Oisean an The present form of the story is probably but galians),deidh na Feinnewhich ”may (lit., beOssian roughly after translated,the Fin- theThe meresthalting shadow translation of a one-timefalls hopelessly great shortlegend. of phrase“ Ossian, became the.survivor a proverb, of the used Fingalians.” (see “ Nicolson,” The subjectthe original; is apparent. yet, even Throughso, the greatnessthe medium of theof 313), to indicate the last survivor of a race. thismany wild mysteries, drama, hasprimitive certainly man, managed faced to withcon- The“ Celtic proverb Review,” again I., is172. the name of a tale in vey to us some notion of the manner in which meansOdysseus, of a whensacrifice in ofthe blood,shades, its restored,voice to bya andthey howaffected he attempted him, how hein hisfelt primitivein their presence,and dis- ghost. In the tale of Ossian’s Last Hunt, a themes.connected Butway, he hadto philosophiselittle to found upon upon great: his feaststrength of venison and powers. is to restore Analogy to Ossian would his suggestformer information was scanty, and his reasoning fre- that the stags from whom the venison is derived true,quently have fanciful. penetrated Modern much fartherphilosophers, than primi- it is theare factalso realthat animalsthese stags of fleshbelonged and toblood. a herd But or tive man did, but their voices are many, and whistle,race that and hadthat beenthey weresummoned the third by aherd magic so thethat mysterieswe may remainsafely prophesyas mysterious that futureas ever; ages so summoned, every herd being of a different samewill looklofty back way uponas the the present present looks in backmuch upon the tomspecies animals. or breed, suggests that they were phan- the primitive. CELTIC ART. survival open to them was Gaelic. Art was the only tangible survival which was open to Lecture delivered at Inverness to the teachers anybody who did not understand old Gaelic or attending the Gaelic Vacation Classes, by the Early Irish. For that reason alone it was Dr. Galbraith, Dingwall. worth going into. It was a subject which shed very considerable light on some of the knotty We are indebted to the pages of the Northern points of our history. The materials for con- Chronicle for the following report of Dr. Gal- structing the early history of Scotland were braith’s scholarly lecture on the above subject. scanty. They should not, therefore, overlook Mr. William Mackay, LHD., Inverness, de- anything that threw light upon it. Conversely livered a lecture on “ Education in the High- the history threw light on the Art. It was the lands in the olden times ” on the previous week. Art of that part of the country which was Dr. Mackay is well equipped for dealing with inhabited by Celtic peoples. He used the word that subject, and we hope to reproduce the lec- “ Celtic ” in its popular sense. That Art was ture in our next issue. found all over Britain and Ireland, but he was Dr. Galbraith said he proposed going over going to deal with Scotland only. The Art Celtic Art in a sketchy way. It was impos- was a geometrical Art—the spiral, the inter- sible to give them in the time at his disposal laced, and the fret. In certain districts there a full description or even a criticism; what he were certain other things—the symbols com- hoped to do was to interest them in the two monly called the Pictish symbols. In this Art, sides of the question—(1) The Art. as descrip- even in such a circumscribed area as Scotland, tive Art ; and (2) the Art as a survival of the there were schools. The stones of Pictland ancient Celtic civilisation. The only other on the north-east were different from those of AN DEO-GREINE. 187 Dalriada on the south-west. Why this differ- cultural centre in Pictland as against a cultural ence in the Art of a country which for centuries centre in Dalriada. Another interesting point had been under one government 1 ? He thought raised by the Art was the question of the there were various reasons. The irrhabitants Pictish symbols. They did not know their of Dalriada were the Scots who came from Ire- significance; they could only guess at it. land, and the inhabitants of the rest of the These symbols were said to be similar to cer- country were the Piets. There was along with tain symbols, in slightly modified form, in that difference an ecclesiastical difference—the Egypt, Asia Minor, and a large part of the con- Pictish Church and the Dalriada Church. tinent of Europe, and so they had to leave it at Now came the knotty point—the question of that. Whatever their meaning they had an the age and the geographical extent of the historical significance. They were absolutely Church. Dr. Mack ay had worked at the sub- limited to Pictland; there was not one in ject from an entirely different point of view— Dalriada. He did not think it likely that a from place-names and dedications—and had set of symbols could come into this country and come to the conclusion that the Church of become universal in the time between the Ninian, who landed about 400 a.d., passed invasion of the Scots and the coming of St. north much farther than was generally Columba. He believed the explanation was admitted in the history books. There were that the Pictish symbols, being pre-Christian, numerous traces, purely Pictish, in the High- came to this country long before the Christian lands. He thought the commonsense view religion. They had it in Irish legend that the was that where they got dedications of the Scots came across to Dalriada 500 years before Pictish School they were on the site of what Christ. It was worth considering whether it originally was a Pictish School, and the dedica- was not possible that a pre-Christian influence tion was to keep alive the memory of the in Dalriada could be wiped out by this founder. They found, in the time between invasion, and the subsequent foundation of the the mission of Ninian in 400 a.d. and that of Gaelic kingdom of Dalriada was simply a Columba in 550 or 570 a.d., the mission of logical conclusion to the earlier settlement. Paladius. That was a gentleman about whom These were some of the historical problems. there had been much discussion. They found The Art was exceedingly beautiful. What him recorded as having been sent by the Pope they were looking at were the vestiges. Cen- as first Bishop to the Christian Scots, who were turies of vandalism, neglect, and weather had the Irish. The Irish Church, which after- reduced the examples in this country to about wards returned to this country with Columba, 500 so far as the stonse go. The Presbytery was founded by a Scotsman, St. Patrick—a fact of Argyll had a brain wave and hove a lot of which was not referred to very much in the these stones into the sea at Iona. There was Irish text-books. Ireland in those days would also a tradition at Applecross that the path have nothing to say to an outsider like round he church was bottomed with Celtic Paladius, and he had to move on. He landed stones, and he could quite believe it. Only in in Kincardineshire. It was not likely he the last two months he had seen within twenty stayed where Christianity was not known, but miles of Inverness a few stones which had never- that he went to a district more or less before been described. Then they had the Christian. The fact of his going far north manuscripts, which dated from 600 to 700 a.d., proved that the Church of Ninian spread much the time of St. Columba. The finest manu- farther north than Galloway. scripts were the earliest, and it seemed to him an absolutely futile conclusion to come to that A Cultural Centre. the oldest manuscripts were the first. If they When they came to the Art they got a came to that conclusion they were left with a characteristic Pictish Art. All over Dalriada hiatus of about 400 years from the time the Art they got an Art, which was not Pictish and went out and the manuscripts came in. He entirely different, limited to the region of the did not think it was the least likely that the Scots. They knew that the Piets were inter- Art had died down between the two times. mittently at war with their neighbours of Dal- Some of these manuscripts were the finest riada and that Ninian was brought up as a mis- illuminated manuscripts in existence. It was sionary at Rome. They also knew that the commonly supposed that everything Celtic Pictish Church was more susceptible to Roman worth looking at came from Ireland, but Ire- influence than the Church of St. Columba, and land had no stones earlier than 800 to 900 a.d. that it was backed by the national feeling, The Pictish stones were totally different from because one of the Pictish kings cleared out all the Irish. They might apply that to the Dal- the St. Columba clergy in 717. That would riada and the Iona stones, which were all post- indicate—he granted it was vague—a distinct Celtic, and dated between 1200 and 1300 a.d., 188 AN DEO-GREINE. but the date of the stones of Pictland was much claimed for the old Pictish Church of St. older. The inscribed stones were very few; Ninian from his study of the ecclesiastical there were only two in existence. One could place-names. Perhaps he might mention that not be dogmatic about these matters. One Dr. Mackay was the first man to direct atten- must collect all one’s facts together and see how tion to this strong probability that the mission they fitted in ; and if one could construct a plan of Ninian really extended north of the Gram- for the whole, one could get as near- the date as pians as well as to the south of Scotland. He one could go. had always had the impression that in the Dr. Galbraith then threw on the screen a Celtic Art as depicted on the Pictish stones large number of slides to illustrate his lecture there was a distinctly more eastern influence and to show that the men who did the carving, than on the Art of the Ionian stones. If that etc., were not “ barbarous savages,” but highly were so, it might prove that there was a closer cultured artists belonging to a highly cultured connection between the Pictish Church and the race. In their own old Celtic civilisation, he Eastern Church as contrasted with the Ionian said, there was something worth studying for Church. They knew, for instance, that saints itself quite apart from the language. of the Eastern Church, such as St. Cyril, were veiy highly venerated in the Pictish Church. P'tolemey’s Map. He did not think they were so highly venerated In proposing a vote of thanks to Dr. Gal- in the Ionian Church. braith, Mr. Hugh Fraser, M.A., Dingwall, who Dr. Mackay said he took it that Mr. Fraser’s has done first-rate antiquarian research work, speech was a motion for a vote of thanks to Dr. said he was very much interested in the way in Galbraith for his lecture. Dr. Galbraith de- which the lecturer brought out the difference served a vote of thanks, for his lecture was an between the Pictish Church and the Dalriadic extremely learned one and a very educative Church—-a fact which was not sufficiently one. To himself it was most interesting. He recognised in the school books. It was up to was much interested in the connection brought them as teachers to insist upon getting history out between the ancient stones and the ancient books for their Highland schools which would Church. There was no question at all, in his give history of the Highlands in its true per- opinion—and the theoiy was now accepted— spective, and not, as had always been the case, that they had in the Highlands Christianity at a history of the Highlands as seen through the least 150 years before Columba. St. Patrick spectacles of Englishmen. St. Columba may referred to the Piets as having lapsed into have been a strongly evangelical man and an paganism. They could not have lapsed if they enthusiastic missionary, but at the same time had not first been Christians. Then they had there could be little doubt he wished to have Bede mentioning St. Ninian as the apostle of an opportunity of downing his pet enemies the the Southern Piets. Dr. Mackay then referred Piets ; and they would find there was a ten- to Bede’s mistake over Ptolemey’s map of dency among modern Celtic scholar’s to look Scotland. The numerous purely Pictish dedi- upon St. Columba as a proselytiser as well as cations they had along the east coast up to an apostle of religion. With regard to the Orkney showed that there must have been controversy as to the extent of ground covered Pictish churches in that paid long before the by the old Pictish Church, the only reason they Irish Church of St. Columba came in. St. had for coming to the conclusion that ancient Columba was the stronger of the two, and the Pictland was confined to the portion of Scot- Ionian theology and Church work spr ead all land south and south-east of the Grampians over the north, with the result that Gaelic came was, as far as he knew, a passage in Bede where in and that Gaelic ultimately destroyed the he referred to southern Pictland. All of them ancient Pictish tongue. Before that they had who were acquainted with Ptolemey’s map of a bilingual race—the learned men speaking the Scotland, which was the only map available to Gaelic and the Pictish tongues. They had Bede, would see that the part north of the numerous place-names in the Highlands which Forth and Clyde was twisted round almost at were not Gaelic, but the old British tongue. right angles, so that when Bede spoke of Dr. Galbraith, in reply, said he hoped southern Pictland he might quite well have teachers would take an intelligent interest in meant the whole of the country north of the this subject along with their Gaelic, and use it Forth and Clyde and lying toL the east of the as a means of throwing light on early history mountain range running through Argyllshire to and destroying the Anglo-Saxon, myth that all Cape Wrath. Thus his southern Pictland culture belonged to the Anglo-Saxons. We would correspond to a nicety to the area. Dr. were the cultured race of Britain. Our art, Galbraith claimed to be the area of the Pictish language, and literature absolutely proved it. stones, and also the area which Dr. Mackay AN DEO-GREINE. 189 PANQUR BAN. Faelidsem cu ndene dul, Hinglen luch inna gerchrub, In the monastery of Saint Paul in Carinthia Hi tucu cheist ndoraid ndil, is preserved a very old manuscript. It consists Os me chene am faelid. of four leaves, before which has been fastened a smaller leaf, written on one side, of a manu- script of the Bible. The contents are of a Cia beimmi amin nach re, miscellaneous character; and there are five Old Ni derbam each a chele, Gaelic poems—among the very oldest we have— Maith la cechtar nar a dan, written in the same hand. The manuscript Subaigthius a oenuran. belongs to the end of the 8th, or the 9th cen- tury. The language of the poems points to the He fesin as coimsid dau latter date; but some of them at least go much In muid dungni each oenlau, further back than the date of their having been Du thabairt doraid du gle commited to writing. At anyrate we have For mu mud cein am messe. here Gaelic poems one thousand one hundred years old. The first is a charm or incantation, in parts, so far, unintelligible. The second is Mise agus Pangur Ban our poem. It narrates the doings of the Sinn ’nar gairm fa leth an sas studious author and his favourite cat, Pangur Bithidh inntinn-san ri seilg Ban. There is a delightful bookish and literary M’ inntinn fhein ri m’ dhearbh-cheird. flavour about the poem, as well as a fine fellow- ship and sympathy with animals, a thing not uncommon in old Gaelic literature. Pangur ’S toigh leam-sa fois—fearr na cliii— Ban is an earnest and diligent student of his Le mo leabhran dian air foghluim; own craft, viz., that of hunting mice. While Cha ’n fharmadach rium Pangar Ban, the monkish author is as diligent a student of Is toigh leis-san cluich mar phaisd. his own art. So they live alone together and are happy, neither seeking nor wanting fame. Oir bithidh sinn—sgeul gun sgios— Pangur Ban glad when a mouse falls into his ’Nar tigheadais ’nar dithis ; net, and the scholar when he understands a Ta againn—cleas gun chrioch— “ dark dear saying.” Aobhar cleachdaidh ar geur-chiall. The metre is Deibhidhe. I give the original Gnath uairean tre euchdan treun text, and a modern Gaelic translation in the . Leanaidh luch ’na lion-san, same metre. ’S tuitidh dhomh-sa ’nam lion fein, Messe ocus Pangur Ban Ceist dhoirbh le dorch-cheill. Cechtar nathar fria saindan, Bfth a menmasam fri seilgg Siiil aige-san ri fraigh an t-fhalain Mu menma cein im saincheirdd. Le rosg shoilleir fior-fhallain ; Caraimse fos ferr each chi Mo shiiil fhein, ri feolas eagnaidh, Oc mu lebran leir ingnu, Le fradhrarc geur, ged is lag i. Ni foirmtech frimm Pangur Ban Ni esan faoilt ’na dhian ruith Caraid cesin a maccdan. Is luch leis ’na gheur chruibhean ; Grubiam seel cen sefs, Is bidh faoilt orm-sa mi-fhin lunar tegdais ar noendfs, ’S mi tuigsinn ceist dhorch-dhxleis. Taithiunn dichrichide clius, Gu’m bidh sinn mar sin gach re, Ni fristarddam arnathius. Gun dragh do chach a cheile; Gnath huaraib ar gressaib gal Is maith leinn bhi ’nar gairm an sas. Glenaid Inch ina Ifnsan, Deanamh subhachas ’nar n-aonar. Os me dufuit im Ifn chein Esan eirmseach a ghnath, Dliged ndoraid cu ndronclu'ill. Aii\’n obair nithear leis gach la ; Fuachaidsem fri frega fal, Mis’ eirmseach air m’ obair fhein, A rose anglese comlan, Bhi tabhairt ni dorch gu leus. Fuachimm chein fri fegi fis Mu rose reil cesu imdis. Lochgilphead. Malcolm Macleop. 190 AN DEO-GREINE. THE SECRETARY’S PAGE. Grace the Duke of Argyll will preside, and the programme will be repeated in its entirety at Mu am faigh mi faeal eile a radh ribh ar an the second house. It would be a gracious act duilleag so bidh Mod mor an Obain seachad. on the part of the town people if they would Cha chreid mi gu meallair ’nam bharail mi, allow our niral friends to attend the first house, agus is e sin gu’m bi againn Mod cho gasda agus and enable them to return home at a reasonable a bha againn bho cheann fada, Tha ddchas hour. nach eirich tubaist mar an uiridh. Is e sin an The Annual General Meeting will be held on aon ni a chuireadh troimhe cheile an acfhuinn a Saturday in the Large Hall, and I would ask tha an drasda a’ ruith'gu socair, sleamhuinn. members and members of Executive to attend A largely attended meeting of the Local Mod if at all possible. The preliminary meeting Committee was held in Oban on 12th August. of Executive Council will follow immediately, The President and ex-President attended, and and the business is an important one-— much useful discussion took place. The wel- that of appointing the Standing Committees. fare of the Mod was the keynote all round, and The President paid a visit to the teachers the conclusions arrived at will, I hope, ensure attending the Gaelic Vacation Classes at Glas the success of the Mod financially and socially. gow and Inverness towards the close of their session. At both centres he addressed them in The Junior Concert on the Wednesday even- Gaelic and English, and was cordially received. ing will be presided over by Sheriff MaoMaster These visitations strengthen the bond between Campbell, Campbeltown. The concert will An Comunn and the Gaelic-speaking teacher, start, at 7.30 p.m., and the prices of admission and altogether the result of this year’s classes 3s. and 2s., including tax. The “ Oban Times ” should have a far-reaching influence on the Trophy, batons, and silver medals, will be pre- movement throughout the whole Highlands. sented to the winners at half-time, and the results of the Junior and Senior Literary com- Mrs. Burnley Campbell of Ormidale very petitions will also be announced. kindly entertained the teachers attending the Glasgow Class to tea on the 26th ultimo * * * in the Small Hall of the Christian Institute. On Thursday all the Senior Oral and Solo There was an attendance of about 50, including competitions, with the exception of the Former Dr. Calder, Mr. Archd. MacLean, and Mr. Mal- Medallists’ and First Prizewinners’, will be colm MacLeod. A varied programme was carried through. Solo competitions will be gone through, comprising bagpipe selection, held in the Argyllshire Gatheiing Hall and St. Gaelic songs, recitation, and puirt a beul, those Columba Church Hall simultaneously. The sustaining the programme being Lieut. Colin Oral will be held in the Small Hall of the MacLeod, Mrs. Coutts, Miss Bessie Campbell, former. The Gold Medal competitions will Miss Johnstone (Islay), and Mr. Neil Shaw. commence at 6 p.m. in the Large Hall, and at 8 Miss MacGeachy (Islay) played the accompani- a reception to members and competitors is to ments, and at the close a very cordial vote of be given by the Local Branch. thanks, proposed by Mr. Malcolm MacLeod in * * * a short Gaelic speech, was accorded Mrs. Burnley On Friday the two itemairising Solo com- Campbell for her generous and much appreci- petitions, the Duet and Choral competitions, ated entertainment. will be held in the Large Hall. The “ Lovat and Tullibardine Shield ” competition is timed The Editor was in Rothesay during the to commence at 2.30 p.m., this being the last month of August, and got into touch with some item on a long list of interesting events. The members of Comunn Gaidhealach Bhoid who, Instrumental competitions will commence at 11 he says, were a “ live body.” His only disap- a.m. in the Small Hall. pointment was that in the Public Library not a single book on Gaelic subjects could be seen. Owing to the limited accommodation and the There was, however, a copy of Macleod & desire to cater for the large public . who are Dewar’s Gaelic Dictionary in good condition. anxious to attend the Grand Concert, it has been arranged to run this year’s concert on the The dates of the Mod are the 22nd, 23rd, and “ two house ” principle. The first house will 24th September. commence at 6.30, and the second at 9. His Niall. AN DEO-GREINE. 191 LETTER TO THE EDITOR. pre-MilesianAnd, later, “ races, The Feinne,and were then, connected, belonged not to onlythe EILEAN DA DHEALGA1N. withand Lochlan.”Erin, but likewise with Alban, Breatan, With reference to an article on the above Your readers can choose between Dr. Skene subject by the Rev. Mr. Macdonald of Killean, forand Dundalk.Dr. Edmondston Far beScott. it from The me latter to belittlepleads Dr. W. J. Edmondston Scott, London, writes us Dundalk, or detract from ite rightful claims as follows : — to recognition. The battle of Dalgen, 574, Sir,—In my opinion there exists no ancient cannot,But it would however, appear be thatconnected “ Laoidh with Oscair Dundalk. ” can, Feinneliterary everevidence visited to Fileanprove thatda Dhealgain,Fionn and anathe directly oi indirectly. the Rev. Mr. Macdonald seems to have a con- of I Irisham chargedtopography. with havingI do not a confusedclaim to notionbe an himfused to notion increase of oldthe Irishnumber topography of clerical which errors leads he expert, like Dr. Edmondston scoot But, what means to expose. The allusions to Dun Deal- Louth,about ashis a owncelebrated reference city ofto Ulster?Dundalk inIs Co.not Dundalkgain in the in CuchullinCounty Louth, and Fenianand anyone sagas familiarrefer to this “ to be at war with everything established with early Irish history is scarce likely to iden- transplantedor disestablished from ” ? Ulster,When where did Dr.Dundalk Edmond- get thetify Royalthis celebrated Court of Tara,city of with Ulster, an islandsituated in Lochnear ston Scott places it, to Leinster, where it stands Tarbert unknown to the Fenian traditions ot learnedaccording correspondent.-—I to all authorities am, other etc., than your Leinster.The Rev. Mr. Macdonald may be, for aught I D. J. MACDONALD. know,as the aFenian pillar oftopography the Established of Ireland kirk, but is socon- far establishedcerned, he seemsand disestablished.—Is to be at war with mise, everything Gu dileas, COMUNN NEWS. W. J. EDMONDSTON SCOTT, M.A., D.Lit. The Rothesay Branch.—This Branch of An To this Mr. Macdonald sends us the follow- years,Comunn caused Gaidhealach, by the war, after resumed a lapse work of inthree the ing reply : — winter of last year, when the session was opened Sir,^—Commenting on an article on Eilean Da by a ceilidh and dance. The membership at Dhealgain over my signature, which appeared Committee,that time consisted but they practically took up of thematters Executive with inW. theJ. EdmondstonJuly number Scottof “ Anexpresses Dea-Greine,” the opinion Dr. enthusiasm, and now the membership stands at that “there exists no ancient literary evidence much110, an alive evidence in Baile that Bhoid. the Gaelic Fortnightly cause is meet-very visited”to prove thatthat place.Fionn Inand thisthe case, Feinne the linesever ings were held during the session of 1919-1920, which I quoted cannot be associated with it. meetingsand they held, were five very were successful.lecture nights, Of threethe ten in theBut, suggestion with all deference,is to be 1 disposedquestion of whether in Dr. Gaelic and two in English. The other meetings Edmondston Scott’s free and easy way. He tookof which the formwere ofextremely Gaelic and popular, English as concerts, were three all islandrefers within Westthinly L. veiledTarbert.” contempt There tois, how-“ an successful dances. These meetings added con- ever, historical evidence to prove that this forsiderably the year’s to the working. treasurer’s At the substantial concerts vocalistsbalance anisland early was age. a placeDr. ofSkene, considerable in his introduction importance toat from Glasgow lent their aid. Miss Nettie the Dean of Lismore’s book, says that “ Ossin MacgregorStewart gave gave a musical“ Bonnie evening, Prince whileCharlie Mr. in D.song S. whoseand Caoilte mission survived to Ireland to the fell time in ofthe St. year Patrick, 432. and story.” The rest of the programme was Tighernac, the Irish annalist, records in 574, thesustained number by ofmembers Gaelic speakersof the Branch. is comparatively Although Cathantecedently Delgen impossiblea Cindtive.” in theIs suppositionthere anything that few, a considerable number give evidence of a the Feinne crossed over to Eilean Da Dhealgain ? desire toexists, learn thegratifying language, progressand where may such be forThe Ireland,Irish claim and the Ireland Feinne alone. and allBut their no v/orks less expected. With such true Gaels as the able sec- distinguished an authority than Dr. Skene, in thernretary, Yacht Mr. Club,John CaptainMacPhail, James of the Kennedy, Royal Nor-Mr. theOssianic aforesaid poems, Introduction, as well as thosesays, in “thethe Dean’sIrish Murdoch Mackenzie, editor of Rothesay Kxpress. and MS., indicate that the Feinne were not a body fearMr. Archibaldof the Rothesay Campbell, Branch treasurer, falling there into isdecay, little ofever troops they confined were, toto Ireland,a much butwider belonged, territory. who- and we wish it every prosperity. The Executive Thus, in the poem on the battle of Gabhra, in lightis a “liveunder body,” a bushel. and doesPreparations not need areto hidealready its thewhich Feinne Oscar, from the allson quarters of Ossian, took was part, slain, we findand being made in view of the coming winter session. the following verses: — Cfm d’ thainig eun glan riamh A near! a’ “ AndThe thebands supreme of the KingFians ofof Breatan,Alban, chlamhain. JoinedBelonging us into thethat order battle.” of the Feinne of Alban Is duilich bum glan a thoirt a tobar salach. 192 AN DEO GREINE. OBAN MOD FUND. The Shop for Gaelic Books. Received at Head Office. Price Postage Dr.Amount William previously Mackay, acknowledged. Inverness, ...... £1382 23 05 The Celtic Garland, Gaelic and English Songs A. Stewart Robertson, Esq:, Aberfeldy, 0 10 0 Henrywith Translations Whyte “Fionn,” & Gaelic now Readings, ready, cloth by 7/6 6d Mrs.Capt. Burnley-Campbell,Campbell, Ardrossan, 210 0 0 Bard Bharabhais, Humorous Songs and Read- Mrs. Christison, 10 0 cloth,ings of net, Donald Macdonald, Barvas,3 limp /6 4d Received by LocaTTreamrer. GaelicSgeulaiche Self-Taught. nan Gaol, An John Introduction Macfadyen, to Gaelic 4/- 6d LordG. Craig Leverhulme, Sellar of Ardtornish, 5 000 0 for Beginners, with an imitated pronun- Hugh Morrison of Islay, ... 50 0 An Rosarnach,ciation invaluable a galaxy to Learners, of the best complete, modern 1 /6 3d AllanSir William Morrison, Sutherland, Esq., Sheffield, 53 03 0 Gaelic authors, 2 volumes ready, each 10/- 9d Duncan MacCallum, Esq.. Oban, 110 TheBardach Wizard’s Leodhais, Gillie, Lewis with Bards, Gaelic now and ready, English,3/6 7/6 9d6d £168 19 5 Fionn ann an Tigh a’ Bhlair Bhuidhe, A Tale, 3d Id RosgHandbook Gaidhlig. for SpeakersSelections at Gaelicof Gaelic Meetings, Prose, -- 2/63d 4dJd NOTICE. Reiteach Moraig. Popular Gaelic Play, - 6d IJd The Magazine will be sent post free to all MacBain’sPosadh Moraig, New Gaelicsequel Etymologicalto Reiteach Moraig, Diet., 12/66d 6difd countries in the Postal Union for 2/- per annum. Aig Tigh na Beinne, by Mrs. Grant, just pub. 3/6 6d Single copies will be sent by post for 2d. Gu’nMacDougall’s d’thug I speisFolk doTales ’n Armunn, and Fairy Gaelic Lore, novel 7/61/6 3d9d Communications regarding the Sale of the Maga ■ Deirdire, Gaelic and Eng. opposite pages, - 3/6 6d zine, Annual Subscriptions, Advertisements, etc, Cameron’s Highland Clearances to 1912, - 2/- 4d should be addressed to Mr. Neil Shaw, Secre- Gaelic Mission Hymn Book, - - - 1/- 2d tary, 114. I Vest Campbell Street, Glasgow. Cath-chuairtBardachd Ghaidhlig, Eideird SelectedBhruis an Gaelic Eirinn, Poetry, 1/-3/6 3d6d All literary contributions, accompanied by the An Solaraiche, four choice Gaelic Essays, 1/3 3d name and address of the writer, should be addressed Auraicept na n’eces, Prof. Geo. Calder, 12/6 1/- to Mr. Donald Macphie, 5 Victoria Terrace, Minstrelsy of the Highlands, Gaelic & Eng., 4/6 6d Dullatur, and should reach him not later than QaelieBiblesGaelic Songs, and little Testaments volume in at tartan all prices,- silk, - 2/- 2d the 15th of each month. All Post Orders must include sufficient for Postage. ALEX. MACLAREN &! SONS, 360 and 362 Argyle Street, GLASGOW

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