MLM-3245 Add. 1

MLM--3245-Add. 1 DE88 001510

DOE EVALUATION DOCUMENT FOR DOT 7A TYPE A PACKAGING

Don A. Edling, Daniel R. Hopkins, and Russell L. Williams

March 1987

...... MOUND Miemisburg. Ohio 45342

operated by MONSANTO RESEARCH CORPORATION Monsanto a subsidiary of Monsarito Company

for the U. S. DEPARTMENT OF E:NERGY Contract No.DE-AC04-76-DP00053 DISCLAIMER

This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency Thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. DISCLAIMER

Portions of this document may be illegible in electronic image products. Images are produced from the best available original document.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ...... 1-1

173.24 . STANDARD REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL PACKAGES

Steel Drums ...... A-1 SteelBoxes ...... A.7 Wooden Boxes ...... A-13 Fiberboard Containers ...... A-19 UF-6 Cylinders ...... A-25 Liquids and Gases ...... A-31 Miscellaneous ...... A-37

173.411 . GENERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

Steel Drums ...... B-1 SteelBoxes ...... B-4 WoodenBoxes ...... B-7 Fiberboard Containers ...... B-10 UF-6 Cylinders ...... B-14 Liquids and Gases ...... B-17 Miscellaneous ...... B-20

173.412 . ADDITIONAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR TYPE A PACKAGES

Steel Drums ...... c.1 Steel Boxes ...... c-12 Wooden Boxes ...... c-21 Fiberboard Containers ...... C-30 UF-6 Cylinders ...... c-35 Liquids and Gases ...... C-40 Miscellaneous ...... c-49 173.465 . TYPE A PACKAGING TESTS

Water Spray Test

Steel Drums ...... D-3 SteelBoxes ...... D-5 Wooden Boxes ...... D-7 Fiberboard Containers ...... D-12 UF-6 Cylinders ...... D-13 Liquids and Gases ...... D-14 Miscellaneous ...... D-16

i . TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)

Free Drop Test (Four- and Thirty-Feet) Steel Drums ...... D-20 SteelBoxes ...... D-24 Wooden Boxes ...... D-33 Fiberboard Boxes ...... D-39 UF-6 Cylinders ...... D-41 Liquids and Gases ...... D-42 Miscellaneous ...... D-45

Free Drop Test (Corner) Steel Drums ...... Not Required Steel Boxes ...... Not Required Wooden Boxes ...... D-46 Fiberboard Boxes ...... D-48 UF-6 Cylinders ...... Not Required Liquids and Gases ...... D-48 Miscellaneous ...... Not Required

Compression Test

Steel Drums ...... i ...D-51 Steel Boxes ...... D-53 n Wooden Boxes ...... D-57 Fiberboard Boxes ...... D-62 UF-6 Cylinders ...... D-65 Liquids and Gases ...... D-66 Miscellaneous ...... D-69

Penetration Test Steel Drums ...... D-71 Steel Boxes ...... D-74 Wooden Boxes ...... D-80 Fiberboard Boxes ...... D-86 UF-6 Cylinders ...... D-89 Liquids and Gases ...... D-90 Miscellaneous ...... D-92

ii INTRODUCTION

This document is a support document for the DOE Evaluation Document for DOT 7A Tvue A Packaging, MLM-3245, March 1987.

Provided herein are details concerning the performance requirements specified in 178.350 Specification 7A, General Packaging, Type A. MLM-3245 references appropriate sections in this document.

This document does not by itself meet the documentation requirements specified in 49 CFR 173.415 and has compliance value only when used in conjunction with MLM-3245. Y: e SDNDlRD FOR ALL PA- package used for shipping hazardous material under this subchapter shall be so designed and -, and its contek so limited, ulatunder conditions normally incident to transportatian:

PACKAGING cATEx;oRy

(1) There will be no significant To be considered during package All padcagings met the intent of release of the hazardaus materials to designevaluation. shim thisrequirement asdemrmstratedby the envimnment; responsibility to ensure. meeting the more severe Type A packaging red-==- Of 173.411, -412, .465, and/or .466 as demmstmtal in MLM-3245 and ulis

(2) The effectiveness of the be considered during package All packagings met the intent of packaging will not be fllbstantially design evaluation. shim this- asclkmmtmtedby redud; and responsibilitytoensure. One meeting the mre severe Type A pack- aspect for strong consideration is asins Of 173.411, .412, effect of contents on packaging .465, wasdemonstrated in effectiveness. MLM-3245 and this -. NurE: shim respansibility to consider and evaluate, if ~.hecessary, the effect of the contents.

(3) mere will be no mixture of shim responsibility to ensum. shim responsibility to -. gases or vapors in the package which could, thmugh any credible Spantaneous hcrease of heat or pressure or thruugh an explosion, significantly reduce the effectiveness of the packaging. (b) Materials for ach detailed Does not Does not apply. specifications for packaging am not set forth in this part must be tsecumly packaged in stsong, tight packages lneeting the of this section.

A-l

I PACKAGING CATEGORY STEELDRUMS

(c) Packaging used for the shiptof hazardaus matrials under this subchapter shall, unless mlermse' specified or exeqted therein, meet all of the folluwing design and construction criteria: (1) Each specification container must be marm as follaws: (i) ~nan Mobstructed area package must be marl& **W7A Type shim respansibility to ensure. with letters and numerals identifyins A,*' shim responsibility to the container specification (e.g., ensure. DcTr-lA, Iwp-17E-304Hl!, EUF23G40). See 178.0-2 of this fllbchapter. (ii) The name and address or shim responsibility to ensure. shipper responsibility to ensure. symbolofpersonmakhqthemark specified in paragraph (c)(1) (i) of this section. symbol letters, if used, must be registered with the Director, m. Duplicate symbols are not authorized. (iii) The markings must be SkLJDer responsibility to ensure. shipper responsibility to ensure. stamped, embossed, burned, printed, or atherwise marked on the packaging to provide adequate accessibility, penni?- nency, and contrast so as to be re3dlly apparenrtandunderstood. (iv) unless otherwise speci- ShilJDer responsibility to ensure. Shimresponsibility to ensure. fied, letters and rnmherals must be at least 1/2 in. high. -

A-2

I ACI’ION REWIRED/ BYWHOM

(v) Packaging dchdoes nut Shim responsibility to ensure. amply with the applicable specification listed in parts 178 and 179 of this must not be marked to indicate such ccarq?liance (see 178.0-2 179.1 Of this -)* (2) steel used shall be lm-carbon Desiqner anl fabricator to do a& shimer responsibility to ensure. cmumxialqualitysteel. Stainless, shim responsibility to ensure. apen hearth, electric, basic oxygen, or ather similar quality steels are acceptable. steel sheets of specified gauges shall CCBlllply with following: I the Normal -ulge T2hi.W Thickness No. (in.1 (in. 1 12 0.1046 0.0946 13 0.0897 0.0817 14 0.0747 0.0677 15 0.0673 0.0603 I 16 0.0598 0.0533 17 0.0538 0.0478 18 0.0478 0.0428 19 0.0418 0.0378 20 0.0359 0.0324 22 0.0299 0.0269 23 0.0269 0.0239 24 0.0239 0.0209 26 0.0179 0.0159 28 0.0149 0.0129 30 0.0120 0.0110

A-3 PACXAGING CATEGQRY ACTION REXUEEDDY WHOM STEELm

(3) LLnnber used shall be well- Desimer and fabricator to do and shim respansibility to ensure. seasoned, coamnercially dry, and free shim responsibility to ensure. frcau decay, loose )mots, knots that would interfem with nailhx~,and other defects that wmld materially lessen -strength* (4) welding and brazing shall be Fabricator to do and shim shimer responsibility to ensure. performed in a worknmlih mmer ushq responsibility to ensure. suitable and appropriate techniques, materials, andequimt.

(5) packaging materials and con- Desimer todOandshiP?=r shim responsibility to ensure. tents shall be such that thexe will be responsibility to ensure. no significant chemical or galvanic reaction amng any of the materials in the package.

(6) Closure shall be adequate to Desimer to do and shim shim responsibility to ensure. preverrt inadvertent leakage of the responsibility to ensure. contents under no- wnditions incident to transportation. Gasketed closures shall be fitted with gaskets of efficient materials which will not be deteriorated by the contents of the container.

(7) Nails, staples, andother Fabricator to do ami shim shim responsibility to ensure. metallic devices shall not protrude responsibility to ensure. into the interior of the outer packaging in such a manner as to be likely to cause failures.

(8) The nature and thickness of the Fabricator to do and shim shimer responsibility to ensure. packaging shall be such that friction responsibility to ensure. duhq transport does not generate any heating likely to decrease the chemical stability of the contents.

A-4

I :@ c PACKAGING CATM;ORY STEELDRUMS

(a) Folyethylene packagm and receptacles:

(1) polyethylene used in packagirqs miqner todoandshillDer shim responsibility to ensure. and receptacles must be of a type am- responsibility to ensure. patible with the ladig and may not be permeable to an extent that a hazardcrus condition occurs during transportation, hardling, or refilling.

(2) ~achpolyethylene packaghq or miqner, tester, and evaluator to responsibility to ensure. receptacle which is used for liquid do and shim responsibility to hazardous materials must be capable of ensure. wi- ' withoutfailurethepro- caiure specified in Appedx B of this part (ttprocedurefor Testing mcal ccanpatibility and Rate of permeation in polyethylene Packagings and Recepta- cles") and the IMxinnrm rate of pameation of hazardous lading thmugh or into the polyethylene packaging or receptacles may not exceed the follcrwing rates: (i)0.5 percent for materials meeting the definition of a poison according to this sutxhapter and 2.0 percent for uther hazardaus materials, when subjected to tenperatures no 1- than 18OC (64%) for 180 days in accordance with Test 1; (ii)0.5 percent for materials meeting the definition of a poison according to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other ~~ZZUXIOUSmaterials, when subjected to temperatwxs no 1- than 5OoC (122%) for 28 days in accordance with Test wthod 2;

A-5 (iii) 0.5 percent for materials meting the definition of a poison amzding to this and 2.0 percent for ather hazardaus materials, when subjected to temperatures 110 lm than 6OoC (140%) for 14 days in accordance with Test Method 3; (3) Alternative procedures or rates shim responsibility to ensure. shimer responsibility to ensure. of p=xmeation are permitted if they yield a level of safety &valent to or greater than that provided by paragraph (a) (2) of this section and are al?praved by the Director, 0". (4) ~a&polyethylene packagirg shipper responsibility to ensure. shipper responsibility to ensure. used as an outside packaging for materials meeting the definition of a poison according to this sub&apter shall be penwnently marked, by emboss- ment or other durable IEIIIS, with the word POISON*^ in letters of at least 1/4 in. in height. Additional text or ., . symbols may be included in the marking. The marking shall be located within six inches of the packaging's closure. The rqukam~tsof this subparagraph do not apply prior to September 1, 1985. (e) For specification containers, cart- shimex responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. pliance with the applicable specifications h Parts 178 and 179 of this subchapter shall be required in all details, except as othexwise pruvided in this subchapter.

A-6

I 173.24 - SDWlXRD FOR AT& PACKAGES (a) ~achpackage used for shipping hazardaus material under this subchapter shall be so design& and construct&, d its Contents so limited, that under conditions normally incident to transportation: PACKPIING CATEGORY

(1) There will be no significant To be considered during package All packagings met the intent of release of the hazardaus materials to designevaluation. shim thislqxkmnt as demnstrated by the erlvhrnnent; responsibility to ensure. ILbeeting the more severe Tvpe A packasins =@==t-s of 173.411, .412, .465, and/or .466 as denaonstrated in MLM-3245 and this addenim. (2) The effectiveness of the To be cansidered during package All packaghqs met the intent of packaging will not be substantially design evaluation. shim thisrequirement as demnstratedby reduced; and respansibilitytoensure. One meeting the more severe Type A pack- aspect for strong consideration is asins =qui==- of 173.411, .4l2, effect of contents on packagiq .465, and/or .466 as demnstrakd in effectiveness. MLM-3245 and this addendum. m: shimer responsibility to considez and evaluate, if necessary, the effect of the conterrts. (3) me.rewil1benomiXture of shimer responsibility to ensure. !3liPDer responsibility to ensure. gases or vapors in the package which could, through any credible spontaneous im=rease of heat or pressure or thruugh an explosion, significantly reduce the effectiveness of the packaging.

(b) Materials for Which detailed Does nut amly. Does not apply. specifications for packaging are not set forth in this part must be !sealmly packaged in strong, tight packages meting the nqdmmts of this section.

A-7 PACKAGING CKIWORY STEEL BOXES (c) packaging used for the shipent of hazardaus matrials undex this subchapter shall, unless atherwise specified or ex- therein, meet all of the following design and canstruction criteria: (1) Each specification container mLlst be marked as follckJs: (i) In an unabstructed area Rckage mst be marked rrDCrr 7A Type shimer responsibility to ensure. with letters ard numerals identify- A." Shim responsibility to the container specification (e.g., ensure. KYT-IA, KYT-17E-304HT, -23G40). See 178.0-2 of this -. (ii) The name and address or shim responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. symbol of person making the mark specified in paragraph (c)(1) (i) of this section. Symbol letters, if used, mustberegistered with the Director, OHMT. DLlplicate symbols are not authorized. (iii) The markings must be shimz responsibility to ensure. shim lresponsibility to ensure. stamped, embossed, burmd, printed, or otherwise marled on the packaging to pravide adequate accessibility, perma- nency, and contrast so as to be readily amtand uderstmd. (iv) unless otherwise speci- shim responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensum. fied, letters and numerals nust be at least 1/2 in. high.

A-a

r c

ACTION RMKJIRED/By WHCM (v) Packaging which does not comply with the applicable specifica- Shiwer responsibility to ensure. tion listed in parts 178 and 179 of this must nat be marked to indicate such capliance (see 178.0-2 and 179.1 of this -).

(2) steel used shall be law-carban Desicmer and fabricator to do and shim responsibility to ensure. ccnrmaercial quality steel. Stainless, shiwer responsibility to ensure. open hearth, electric, basic oxygen, or other similar quality steels are acceptable. steel sheets of specified gauges shall comply with the folluwing:

12 0.1046 0.0946 13 0.0897 0.0817 14 0.0747 0.0677 15 0.0673 0.0603 16 0.0598 0.0533 17 0.0538 0.0478 18 0.0478 0.0428 19 0.0418 0.0378 20 0.0359 0.0324 22 0.0299 0.0269 23 0.0269 0.0239 24 0.0239 0.0209 26 0.0179 0.0159 28 0.0149 0.0129 30 0.0120 0.0110

A-9 PACKAGING CATEGORY ACTION REWIRED/ BYWHOM STEEL BOXES

(3) ullnber used shall be well- Desimer and fabricator to do and shim responsibility to ensure. seasoned, commercially dry, and free shipper mibility to ensure. fram decay, loose knots, knots that would interfere with Miling, and other defects that would materially lessen the strength. (4) Welding and brazing shall be Fabricator to do and shim shim responsibility to ensure. perfonned in a workmanlike manner using responsibility to ensure. suitable and appropriate techniques, materials, andequiprent. (5) Packaging materials and con- Desimer to do and shim shim responsibility to ensure. tents shall be such that there will be responsibility to ensure. no significant chdcal or galvanic reaction amng any of the materials in the package.

(6) Closure shall be adequate to Desimer to do and shipper shim responsibility to ensure. prevent inadvertent leakage of the responsibility to ensure. contents under mmal conditions incident to transportation. Gasketed chsures shall be fitted-withgaskets of efficient materials which will not be deteriorated by the contents of the container. (7) Nails, staples, and other Fabricator to do and shim shi?mer responsibility to ensure. metallic devices shall not protrude responsibility to ensure. into the interior of the outer packaging in such a rnanner as to be likely to cause failures.

(8) The nature and thickness of the Fabricator to do and shimer shiuper responsibility to ensure. packaging shall be such that friction responsibility to ensure. during transport does not generate any heating likely to decrease the chdcal stability of the contents.

A-10 PACKAGING CATM;ORY ACTION REDWRED/ BYwHaM SWEELl BOXES (d) polyethylene packagm and m- cles: (1) polyethylene used in packagings Desimer todoandshimer =won- shim respansibility to ensure. ard receptacles must be of a type ~0~11- sibility to ensure. patible with the lading and may not be permeable to an extent that a hazardous condition cccurs during transportation, handling, or refillirrg. (2) Each polyethylene packaging or Desimer, tester, axii evaluator to shim responsibility to m. receptacle which is used for liquid do and shim responsibility to hazardous materials must be capable of ensure. withs- without failure the procedure specified in m B of this part (Vmcedme for ming chemi& compatibility and Rate of Permeation in polyethylene Packagings and -pta- cles") and the maximoJm rate of permeation of hazardaus lading thruugh or into the polyethylene packaging or receptacles may not exceed the follming rates: (i) 0.5 percent for materials meeting the definition of a poison according to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other hazardous materials, when subjected to tempaxitwx?.s no lower than 18OC (64%) for 180 days in acconiance with Test Method 1; (ii) 0.5 percent for materials meting the definition of a poison according to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other hazardous materials, when subjected to tenperatwx?.s no lower than 5OoC (122%) for 28 days in accordance with Test Method 2:

A-11 PACKAGING CATEGORY STEEL BOXES

(iii) 0.5 percent for materials Ilyeeting the definition of a poison amomto this subchapter and 2.0 pement for ather hazardous materials, when subjected to tenpxatures no 1- than 6OoC (140%) for 14 days in accordance with '&st Method 3; (3) Alternative procedures or rates shipper responsibility to ensure. shilmer responsibility to ensure. of permeation are permitted if they yield a level of safety equivalent to or greater than that provided by param (d) (2) of this section anfi are approved by the Director, OHMT. (4) Each polyethylene pacbging shipper responsibility to ensure. shim resposlsibility to ensure. used as an outside pacbg- for materials meet- the definition of a poison according to this fllbchapter shall be permanerrtly marked, by emboss- ment or other durable means, with the word IlNIsW' in letters of at lwst 1/4 in. in height. Additional text or symbols may be included in the marking. The marking shall be locate3 within six inches of the pachging's closure. &e rqdmwx& of this subparagraph do not apply prior to Septaber 1, 1985. (e) For specification containers, am- shirner responsibility to ensure. shipper responsibility to ensure. pliance with the applicable specifications in Parts 178 and 179 of this su)xhapter shall be required in all details, except as otherwise provided inthis subchapter.

A-12 173.24 - SWVlARD FOR ALlt PACXAGES (a) Each package used for shimiq hazardous material uxkr this wbchpkr shall be so designed and constructed, and ifx so limited, that uikr &ti- nonually incident to transportation:

(1) There will be no significant TO be considered during package All padzagings met the illtent of release of the hazardous materials to designevaluation. shim thisrequiremerrt as demnstrate3 by the envirormbent: responsibility to ensure. meet- the rnm sevm Typ A pa&- agiq requiremerrts of 173.411, .4l2, .465, and/or .466 as demonstrated in MLM-3245 and this addendum. (2) The effectiveness of the TO be considered during package All packagiqs met the intmt of packaging will not be ' lY designevaluation. shim thisLl@nmmt as aemonstrateaby reduced: and responsibilitytoensure. One meet- the sevm Type A pack- aspect for stmrg cansideration is agirrs of 173.411, .4U, effect of mntents on packaging .465, and/or .466 as denrxlstrated in effectiveness. MLM-3245 an3 this addendum. m:shim responsibility to consider and waluate, if moessaq, the effect of the contents.

(3) There will be no mixture of shim responsibility to ensure. shim lcespansibility to ensure. gases or vapors in the package which could, thmugh any credible of heat or pressure or thmugh an explosion, significantly reduce the effectiveness of the pachgirrg. (b) Materials for which detailed Does not wly. Does not apply. specifications for packagiq are nut set forth in this part must be securely packaged in strong, tight packages meeting the -ts of this section.

A-13 PACKAGING CAlIEORY WOODEN BOXES

(c) Packaging used for the dpxnent of hazardaus matrials under this fllbchap ter shall, unless cmemlse specified or exempt& themin, nreet all of the folluwing design and comtmction criteria: (1) ~achspecification ccoltainer must be marked as follclws: (i) In an umbtn&d area Package lINst be marked "DOT 7A 'I'YP~shimer responsibility to ensure. with letters and rnrmerals identify- A." Shim responsibility to the container specification (e.g., ensure. DCYI'-lA, EYI'-17E-304HII, DcIp-23G40). See 178.0-2 of this subc;.hapter. (ii) The name and address or shipper responsibility to ensure. shilmer responsibility to ensure. symbolofpersonmakirqthemark specified in paragraph (c)(1) (i) of this section. symbol letters, if used, mustberegistered with the Director, OfIMT. Duplicate symbols are nut authorized. (iii) The markings must be Shi?XEX responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. stamped, embossed, burned, printed, or otherwise marked on the packaging to provide adecpate accessibility, penna- nenq, and contrast so as to be readily apparent and understood. (iv) unless otherwise speci- shimer responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. fied, letters and numerals nust be at least 1/2 in. high.

A-14 PACKAGING CATEGORY ACTION REWIRED/ BY WHm lmom BOXES (v) Packaging which does not ShiPDer responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. canply with the applicable specification listed in parts 178 arrd 179 of this~llarstnatbemarksdto indicate SUA-1- (See 178.0-2 and 179.1 of this subchapter). (2) steelusedshallbelcrw-cartx4n Desisner ani fabricator to do and shiwex responsibility to ensure. cormzmialqualitysteel. stainless, shipper respmsibility to ensure. open hearth, electric, basic oxygen, or other similar quality steels are acceptable. steel sheets of specified gauges shall axply with the follclwirrg: Normal Gauge Thickness mckness No. (in. 1 (in.1 12 0.1046 0.0946 13 0.0897 0.0817 14 0.0747 0.0677 15 0.0673 0.0603 16 0.0598 0.0533 17 0.0538 0.0478 18 0.0478 0.0428 19 0.0418 0.0378 20 0.0359 0.0324 22 0.0299 0.0269 23 0.0269 0.0239 24 0.0239 0.0209 26 0.0179 0.0159 28 0.0149 0.0129 30 0.0120 0.0110

A-15 ACTION REWIRED/ BywHcM

(3) Lumber used shall be well- Desisner and fabricator to do and shiPP€?r responsibility to ensure. seasoned, caanmercially dry, and free shimex responsibility to ensure. from decay, loose hots, )nmts that would interfere with nail-, and other defects that would materially lessen the strength. (4) Welding and brazing shall be Fabricator to do and shim shim responsibility to ensUre. performed in a worlmanlike manner using responsibility to ensure. suitable and appmpriate techniques, materials, andequipent. (5) Packaging materials arid con- Desimer to do and shim shi- responsibility to ensure. tents shall be such that there will be responsibility to ensure. no significant chemical or galvanic reaction among any of the materials in the package. (6) Closure shall be adequate to Desisner todoandshiPDer shim responsibility to ensure. prevent inadvertent leakage of the responsibility to ensure. contents under normal conditions incident to transportation. Gasket& closures shall be fitted with gaskets of efficient materials which will nut be deteriorated by the contents of the container. (7) Nails, staples, and other Fabricator to do and shim shim respo3lsibiliQ toensure. metallic devices shall not protrude responsibility to -. into the interior of the outer packaging in such a manner as to be likely to cause failures. (8) The nature and thidmess of the F'abricator to do and shim shim responsibility to ensure. pxkaging shall be such that friction responsibility to ensure. during transport does not generate any heating likely to decrease the chemical stability of the contents.

A-16 r c PACKAGING CATM;ORY WOODEN BOXES

(d) Polyethylene packagings and receptacles:

(1) polyethylene used in packaginp Desisner to do and shipper shiw responsibility to ensure. and receptacles must be of a type cant- responsibility to ensure. patible with the lading and may not be permeable to an extent that a hazarctaus condition occurs during transportation, handling, or refilling. (2) ~achpolyethylene packaging or Desiqner, tester, and evaluator to shipper responsibility to ensure. receptacle which is used for liquid do and shi- responsibility to hazardous materials must be capable of ensure. withstanding without failure the procedure specified in Appendh B of this part (l?mc&ure for Testing chemical cconpatibility and Rate of Permeation in polyethylene Rckagings and Recepta- cles") and the maximum rate of permeation of hazard- lading through or into the polyethylene packaging or receptacles may not exceed the following rates:

(i)0.5 percent for materials meet- the definition of a poison according to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other hazardous materials, when subjected to tenpxatures no lower than 18OC (64%) for 180 days in accordance with Test Wthod 1;

(ii)0.5 percent for materials meting the definition of a poison according to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other hazardaus materials, when subjected to temperatures no lower than 5OoC (122%) for 28 days in accordance with Test Method 2;

A-17 PACKAGING CATM;ORY WOODEN BOXES

(iii)0.5 percent for materials meeting the definition of a poison according to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other hazardaus materials, when subjected to temperatures no 1- than 6OoC (140%) for 14 days in acbrdance with Test ~thod3; L (3) Alternative procedures or rates Shimfz responsibility to ensure. shiw respcmsibility to ensure. of permeation are permitted if they yield a level of safety equivalent to or greater than that provided by paragraph (d) (2) of this Section and are approved by the Director, OIMl?.

(4) Each polyethylene packaging Shim responsibility to ensure. ShiP?Y=r responsibility to ensure. used as an outside packaging for materials meeting the definition of a poison according to this subcham shall be pernranently marked, by emboss- mt or other durable mans, with the word flpOISCW1 in letters of at least 1/4 in. h height. pdditiondl text or symbols may be included in the mar-. marking. The lllarking shall be located within six inches of the pa&gingls dosum. TherequFrements of this subparagraph do not apply prior to S- S- 1, 1985. (e) For specification carrtainers ,- shim nxpmsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. pliance with the applicable specifications in parts 178 and 179 of this subchapter shall be requimd in all details, except as ' pmided inthis subchapter.

A-18

I 173.24 - SDNDARD FOR ALL PACEAGES (a) ~achpackage used for shipping hazardau~material under this subchapter shall be so designed and constructed, and it! contents so limited, that under conditiogls normally incident to transportation: PACKAGING CA"RY ACTION REWIRED/ BYWHCM

(1) There will be no significant To be considered during package All packagings met the intent of release of the hazardaus materials to design evaluation. Shim this reqUirement as demonstrated by the ernrimnment; responsibility to ensure. meeting the severe Type A packaging rqukments of 173.411, .4l2, .465, and/or .466 as demonstrated in MLM-3245 and this addendum.

(2) The effectiveness of the To be considered during package All packagings met the intent of packaging will not be substantially design evaluation. shipper this requirenSent as demonstmted by reduced; and responsibility to ensure. One meet- the more severe Type A pack- aspect for strong consideration is aging requhmmts of 173.411, .4l2, effect of contents on packaging .465, and/or .466 as demonstrated in effectiveness. MLM-3245 and this addendum. m: shipper responsibility to consider atd evaluate, if necessary, the effect of the contents.

(3) There will be no mixture of ShirJper responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. gases or vapors in the package which could, through any credible spntaneous increaSe of heat or pressure or through an explosion, significantly reduce the effectiveness of the packaging. (b) Materials for which detailed ~cesnot apply. Does not apply. specifications for packaging are not set forth in this part nust be securely packaged in strong, tight packages meeting the requhmmts of this section.

A-19 (c) packasing used for the shipment of hazardous matrials under this subchap ter shall, unless atherwise specified or exempted therein, meet all of the follow- design and construction criteria:

(1) Each specification container nust be marked as follms: (i) In an unobstructed area Package mRlst be marlced "W 7A Type ShirXEr responsibility to ensure. with letters and numerals identifying A." Shim responsibility to the container specification (e.g., ensure. DOT-IA, DYT-17E-304HT, DoT-23G40). See 178.0-2 of this subchapter. (ii) The name and address or shirmex responsibility to ensure. ShirXEr responsibility to ensure. symbol of person makirg the mark specified in paragraph (c) (1)(i) of this section. symbol letters, if used, must be registered with the Director, 0". Duplicate symbols are not authorized. (iii) The markings must be Shimresponsibility to ensure. shipper responsibility to ensure. stamped, enbssed, kmned, printed, or otherwise marked on the paaging to provide adequate accessibility, perma- nency, and contrast so as to be readily apparent and understood. (iv) unless atherwise speci- shim responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. fied, letters and numerals must be at least 1/2 in. high.

A-2 0

I PACKAGING cATM;oRy ACTION FEQUEED/ BYWHCM -aXaYmms

(v) packaging which does not shim responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. canply with the applicable specification listed in parts 178 arrd 179 of this subchapter must nut be nlarlel to Mate such -1- (See 178.0-2 an3 179.1 of this mpkr).

(2) Steel used shall be 1- Desiqner and fabricator to do and shimex responsibility to ensure. cammercial quality steel. Stainless, shim responsibility to ensure. open hearth, electric, basic -a, or other similar quality steels are acceptable. Steel sheets of specified gauges Shall comply with the follawing: No& Gauge Thi- TkiCkneSS No. (in.1 (in. 1

A-21 PACWGING CATEGORY ACTION -/BY wH#M FlmRmmmCOWrZUNERS

(3) Lumber used shall be well- Desimer and fabricator to do and shim responsibility to ensure. seasoned, camroercially dry, and free shim responsibility to ensure. fmm decay, loose 3mats, knots that would interfere with Miling, and other defects that would materially lessen the strength. (4) Welding and brazing shall be Fabricator to do and shipper Shimresponsibility to ensure. perfonned in a workmanlike manner using responsibility to ensure. suitable and appropriate tecbniques, materials, andequipment. (5) mckaging materials and con- Desisner to do and shipper shim responsibility to ensure. tents shall be such that there will be responsibility to ensure. no significant chemical or galvanic reaction mng any of the materials in the package. (6) Clcsure shall be adequate to Desimer to do arid shipper shimer responsibility to ensure. prevent inadvertent leakage of the responsibility to ensure. contents under no& conditions incident to transportation. Gasketed closures shall be fitted with gaskets of efficient materials which will nut be deteriorated by the contents of the container.

(7) Nails, staples, and ather Fabricator to do and shin2e.r shim responsibility to ensure. metallic devices shall not protrude responsibility to ensure. into the interior of the cuter packaging in such a manner as to be likely to cause failures.

(8) The nature and thickness of the Fabricator to do and shin2e.r shim responsibility to ensure. packaging shall be such that friction responsibility to ensure. during transport does not generate any heating likely to decrease the chemical stability of the contents.

A-22 PACKAGING CATM;ORY FIBERBQARDm-

(d) F%dyethylene pamgm and reCepta- cles: (1) polyeulylene used in packagjngs Desimer todOand.&&!eE shipper responsibility to ensure. and receptacles nust be of a type can- responsibility to ensure. patible with the lading and may not be -le to an extent that a hazardous condition occurs during transportation, handling, or refilling. (2) ~achpolyethylene packaging or Desisner, -tester, and evaluator to shipper responsibility to ensure. receptacle which is used for liquid do and shim responsibility to hazardous materials must be capable of ensure. withstandrng without failure the pro- oecture specified in Appdx B of this part procedure for Testing clremical ccanpatibility and Rate of Pameation in polyethylene Packagings and FWqta- cles") and the lIBximm rate of permeation of hazardcrus lading thmugh or into the polyethylene packaging or receptacles may nut exceed the follming rates:

(i)0.5 percent for materials meeting the definition of a poison according to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other hazardous materials, whm subjected to temperatures no lower than 18OC (64*) for 180 days in accordance with Test Method 1;

(ii)0.5 percent for materials meeting the definition of a poison according to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other hazardous materials, when subjected to temperatures no lower than 5OoC (122%) for 28 days in accordance with Test Method 2;

A-23 PACKAGING CATEGORY FnmmARDa-

(iii) 0.5 percent for materials mseting the definition of a poison according to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other hazardous materials, when subjected to temperatures no 1- than 6OoC (140%) for 14 days in accbrdance with Test Method 3; (3) Alternative procedures or rates shimer responsibility to ensure. shimer responsibility to emsure. of penneation are permitted if they yield a level of safety equivalent to or greater than that provided by paragraph (d) (2) of this section and are approved by the Director, OW. (4) Each polyethylene packaging shi?m€T responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. used as an outside paaging for materials meeting the definition of a poison according to this subchapter shall be permanently marked, by emboss- ment or other durable mans, with the word tTOISON1t in letters of at least 1/4 in. in height. Additional text or symbols may be included in the marking. The marking shall be located within six inches of the pa&agingts closure. The requhmmts of this subparagraph do not apply prior to September 1, 1985. (e) For specification containers, can- shiPDer responsibility to ensure. shipper responsibility to ensure. pliance with the applicable specifications Parts 178 and 179 of this zmb&@er shall be required in all details, except as otherwise provided inthis subchapter.

A-24 c

173.24 - FOR ALL, PACKAGES (a) Each package used for shipping hazardous material under this subchapter shall be so designed and coIIstructed, and its amtents so limited, that UI&T axlitions normally incident to transportation:

PACKAGING ClTEREl ACTION RECUEEDDY WHm uF-6 CYIJNDERS

(1) mcm? will be no significant To be considered during package All packagiqs met the intent of -ease of the hazardous materials to design evaluation. Shim thisrequirement as demonstrated by the emiromt; responsibility to ensure. meeting the mre severe Type A packaging of 173.411, .412, .465, and/or .466 as demonstrated in MLM-3245- and this adderdun. (2) The effectiveness of the To be considered during package All packagiqs met the intent of packaging will not be substantially design evaluation. Shimer this- as demonstrated by reduaed; and responsibilitytoensure. one meeting the mre severe Type A pack- aspect for strong consideration is aging requirerrrentS of 173.411, .412, effect of contents on packaging .465, and/or .466 as demonstrated in effectiveness. MLM-3245 and this adderdun. NUIE: shim responsibility to consider and evaluate, if necessary, the effect of the contents. (3) There will be no mixture of shim responsibility to ensure. shimex responsibility to ensure. gases or vapors in the package which dd,through any credible spontaneous inmase of heat or pressure or thmqh an explosion, significantly reduce the effectiveness of the packaging. (b) Materials for which detailed Does not apply. Does not apply. specifications for packaging are not setforthinthispart~besecurely packaged in strong, tight packages meeting the require;ments of this section.

A-25 PACKAGING CATEGORY UF-6 GlLlNDm

(c) Packaging used for the shipment of hazardous matrials under this fllbchap ter shall, unless atherwise specified or exenpted therein, meet all of the follcrWing design and construction criteria: - (1) Each specification container must be marked as follclws: (i) In an umbstructed area Package nust be marked "DUT 7A Type Shimer responsibility to ensure. with letters and nuTIberals identifying A.I' ShirJPer responsibility to the container specification (e.g., ensure. IXYFlA, m17E-304IEF, -23G40). See 178.0-2 of this me. (ii) The name and address or shipper responsibility to ensure. shiw=r responsibility to ensure. symbol of person making the mark specified in paragraph (c)(1) (i) of this section. Symbol letters, if used, lnustberegistered with the Director, OHMI!. Duplicate symbols are not authorized. (iii) The markings must be shipper responsibility to ensure. ShiPPer responsibility to ensure. stamped, embossed, burned, printed, or othe.rwise marked on the packaghg to prcnride adequate accessibility, perma- nency, and contrast so as to be readily apparent and understood.

(iv) Unless dkenase' speci- ShiDDtX responsibility to ensure. shipper responsibility to ensme. fied, letters and llcrmerals must be at least 1/2 in. high.

A-26

I c c PACHGING cATM;ow UF-6 CYLINDERS

(v) Packaging whi& does not Shim responsibility to ensure. ShipI3e.r responsibility to ensure. ccBup31y with the applicable specification listed in parts 178 and 179 of this subchapter must nat be marked to indicate such compliance (see 178.0-2 and 179.1 of this dxkpter). (2) steel used shall be lm- Desimer and fabricator to do and shi?YPer responsibility to ensure. ccmnercial quality steel. stainless, shim responsibility to ensure. open hearth, electric, basic oxygen, or other similar qgality steels are acceptable. steel sheets of specified gauges shall amply with the following: Normal Gauge michess miCkneSS No. (in. 1 (in. 1

A-27 PACKAGING CATM'XIEu! ACTION REWTREDm MIOM UF-6 CYLINDERS

(3) Lumber used shall be well- Desiqner and fabricator to do and shim responsibility to ensure. seasoned, carmnercially dry, and free shim responsibility to ensure. frcan decay, loose hots, )mats that would Merewith ding, and other defects that would materially lessen the strength. - (4) Welding and brazing shall be Fabricator to do and shim shim responsibility to ensure. performed in a worhanlike manner using responsibility to ensure. suitable and appropriate techniques, materials, andeqdpent.

(5) PacJcasingmaterials and con- Desiqner to do and shim shim responsibility to ensure. tents shall be such that there will be responsibility to ensure. no significant chemical or galvanic reaction among any of the materials in the package.

(6) Closure shall be adequate to Desiqner to do and shipper Shimresponsibility to ensure. prevent inadvertent leakage of the responsibility to ensure. contents under normal conditions incident to transportation. Gasketed closures shall be fitted with gaskets of efficient materials which will not be deteriorated by the contents of the container. (7) Nails, staples, and other Fabricator to do and shipper shim responsibility to ensure. metallic devices shall not protrude responsibility to ensure. into the interior of the outer packaging in such a manner as to be likely to cause failures.

(8) The nature and thickness of the Fabricator to do and shipper shim responsibility to ensure. packaging shall be such that friction responsibility to ensure. during transport does not generate any heating likely to decrease the chemical stability of the contents.

A-28 c PACKAGING CATEGORY UF-6 CYLINDERS

(a) Polyethylene packagings and reCepta- cles:

(1) polyethylene used in padkagings Desiqner to do ami shim shim responsibility to ensure. and receptacles must be of a type can- responsibility to ensure. patible with the la- and may not be -le to an extent that a hazardous condition occurs during transportation, handling, or refilling. (2) Each polyethylene packaging or Desiqner, tester, and evaluator to shim responsibility to ensure. receptacle which is used for liquid doandshim responsibility to hazardous materials must be capable of ensure. with&mdmg' without failure the pro- cecture specified in Appendh B of this part (gProcduefor Testing &dcd compatibility and Rate of Fwmeation in polyethylene Packaghgs and Recepta- cle~'~)and the maximum rate of permeation of hazardous lading through or into the polyethylene pacbging or receptacles may not exceed the follaw~rates:

(i)0.5 percent for materials meet- the definition of a poison according to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other hazardous materials, when subjected to temperatures no 1- than 18OC (64%) for 180 days in accordance with Test Method 1;

(ii)0.5 percent for materizds meeting the definition of a poison accodng to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other hazardaus materials, when subjected to temperatures no lower than 5OoC (122%) for 28 days in accordance with Test Method 2;

A-29 PACKAGING cATM;oRy ACTION RMxJIRED/ BY WHOM UF-6 CYLINDERS

(iii) 0.5 percent for mterials meet- the definition of a poison according to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other hazardous materials, when subjected to temperatures no lower than 6OoC (140%) for 14 days in accordance with Test Methcd 3; (3) Alternative procedures or rates Shim responsibility to ensure. Shi- responsibility to ensure. of permeation are permitted if they yield a level of safety equivalent to or greater than that provided by paragraph (d) (2) of this section and are approved by the Director, OHFIT.. (4) ~achpolyethyhne packaging Shim responsibility to ensure. Shimresponsibility to ensure. used as an outside packaging for materials met- the definition of a poison according to this subchapter shall be pernranently marked, by emboss- ment or other durable means, with the word "FoImfin letters of at least 1/4 in. in height. Additional text or symbols may be includd in the marking. The marking shall be located within six inches of the packagiq's closure. The rqukments of this subparagraph do not apply prior to September 1, 1985. (e) For specification contahers, cam- ShiPDer responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. pliance with the applicable specifications in Parts 178 and 179 of this fllbchapter shall be required in all details, except as otherwise provided in this sakchapter.

A-30 .. 173.24 - SXUNXRD FOR AT& PACEAGES (a) Each package used for shipping hazardous material under this subchapter shall be so designed and comtmcted, and itz contents so limited, that uder conditiolls normally incident to transportation: PACKAGING CATEGORY ACTION REWIRED/ BY WHm LIQUIDS AND GASES

(1) There will be no significant To be considered during package All packagings met the in- of release of the hazardaus materials to design evaluation. Shipper this mqakment as demonstrated by the envhnment; responsibility to ensure. meeting the mre severe Type A packaging of 173.411, .4l2, .465, -and/or .466 as demonstrated in MLM-3245 and this addendum.

(2) The effectiveness of the To be considered during package All packagings met the intent of packaging will not be substantially design evaluation. Shipper this recphmmt as demonstrated by reduced; and responsibilitytoensure. One meeting the mre severe Type A pack- aspect for strong consideration is aghq -ts of 173.411, .412, effect of contents on packaging .465, and/or .466 as demonstrated in effectiveness. MLM-3245 and this addendum. "E: ShiPPer responsibility to consider and evaluate, if necessary, the effect of the contents.

(3) There will be no mixture of Shi= responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. gases or vapors in the package which could, through any credible SpontaneaUs increase of heat or pressure or through an explosion, significantly reduce the effectiveness of the packaging. (b) Materials for which detailed mes nut apply. Does nut apply. specifications for packagixq are nut set forth in this part must be secxlrely packaged in strong, tight packages meeting the mqdmments of this section.

A-3 1 (c) Packaging used for the shipent of hazdous matrials under this subchapter shall, unless othemise specified or exenpted therein, meet all of the follawing design and construction criteria: (1) Each specification container must be marked as follows: (i) In an unobstructed area Package must be marked "DOT 7A Type Wmer responsibility to ensure. with letters and numerals identifying A." Shipper responsibility to the container specification (e.g., ensure. IXWIA, Dcn"17E-304HT, DcTr-23G40). See 178.0-2 of this fllbchapter. (ii) The nam and address or shipper responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. symbol of person making the mark specified in pamgraph (c)(1) (i) of this section. symbol letters, if used, must be registered with the Director, 0". Duplicate symbols are not authorized. (iii) The markings must be Shimresponsibility to ensure. ShirJper responsibility to ensure. stamped, embossed, burned, printed, or otherwise marked on the packaging to provide adequate accessibility, pe.nna- nency, and contrast so as to be readily apparent and understood. (iv) unless otherwise speci- ShiPDer responsibility to ensum. ShiDDlZ responsibility to ensure. fied, letters and n-s must be at least 1/2 in. high.

A-32

I PACKAGING CATM;ORY LIQUIDS AND GASES (v) Packaging which does not !3hiPPfx responsibility to ensme. shimer responsibility to ensure. comply with the applicable specification listed in parts 178 and 179 of this must not be marlced to indicate such ccarq?liance (see 178.0-2 and 179.1 of this subchapter).

(2) Steel used shall be low-xrbon Designer and fabricator to do and ShiPlEr responsibility to ensure. commercial quality steel. Stainless, shim responsibility to ensure. open hearth, electric, basic oxygen, or other similar quality steels are acceptable. Steel sheets of specified gauges shall qlywith the folluwing: Nonnal Gauge ThiClUESS Thickness No. (in.1 (in. 1

A-3 3 ACTION FEWIRED/ BY WHOM

(3) Lumber used shall be well- ksisner and fabricator to do and Shim responsibility to ensure. seasoned, came.mially dry, and free shipper responsibility to ensure. fm decay, loose knots, knots that would interfere with nailing, and other defects that would materially lessen the strength.

(4) Welding arxl brazing shall be Fabricator to do and shimer Shipper responsibility to ensure. perfomed in a workmaxilike manner using responsibility to ensure. suitable and appropriate techniques, materials, andequipent.

(5) packasing materials and con- Desisner to do and shipper Shipper responsibility to ensure. tents shall be such that there will be responsibility to ensure. 110 significant chemical or galvanic reaction mng any of the materials in the package.

(6) Closure shall be adequate to Desiqner to do and shipper shiwer responsibility to ensure. prevent inadvertent leakage of the responsibility to ensure. contents under no& conditions incident to transportation. Gasketed closures shall be fitted with gaskets of efficient materials which will not be deteriorated by the contents of the container.

(7)Nails, staples, and other Fabricator to do and shipper shim responsibility to ensure. metallic devices shall not protmde responsibility to ensure. into the interior of the outer packaging in such a manner as to be likely to cause failures.

(8) The nature and thickness of the Fabricator to do and shipper Shipper responsibility to ensure. packaging shall be such that friction responsibility to ensure. during transport does not generate any heating likely to decrease the chemical stability of the contents.

A-34 e PACKAGING CATMxlRy ImuIDs AND GASES

(d) polyethylene packaghqs and receptacles:

(1) polyethylene used in packagings Desiqner to do arkl shim shim responsibility to ensim. Wreceptaclesmustbeofatypecm- responsibility to ensum. patible with the 1- ard my not be pemeable to an extent that a hazardous condition occurs dturing transportation, hanzuing, or refill-.

(2) ~a&polyethylene packaghg or Desimer, tester, and evaluator to shim responsibility to ensure. receptacle which is used for liquid do arkl shim responsibility to hazardous materials must be capable of ensure. withstanding without failure the procedure specified in Appendh B of this part (~~~ for Test- Chemical ccarpatibility W Rate of Permeation in polyethylene Packagiqs and Recepta- cles") and the maxirmrm rate of permeation of hazardous lading thruugh or into the polyethylene packaghj or receptacles may not exceed the following rates:

(i)0.5 perCent for materials meet- the definition of a poison according to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other hazardaus materials, when subjected to temperatures no lower than 18OC (64%) for 180 days in accordance with Test Methcd 1;

(ii)0.5 percent for materials meet- the definition of a poison according to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other hazardous materials, when subjected to temperatures no lower than 5OoC (122%) for 28 days in accordance with Test Wthcd 2;

A-35 PACKAGING CATEGORY LmuIl26 AND GASES

(iii)0.5 percent for materials meeting the definition of a poison according to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other hazardous materials, when subjected to temperatuxes no luwer than 6OoC (140%) for 14 days accordance with Test Method 3;

(3) Alternative pncedmes or rates shipper responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. of permeation are permitted if they yield a level of safety equivalent to or greater than that provided by paragraph (d) (2) of this section and are appmved by the Director, OHMT. (4) Each polyethylene packaging Shipper responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. used as an outside packaging for materials meeting the definition of a poison according to this subchapter shall be permanently marked, by emboss- ment or other durable means, with the word rrR31SONt1 in letters of at least 1/4 in. in height. Additional text or symbols may be included in the marking. The marking shall be located within six inches of the packagingts closure. The of this subparagra@ do not apply prior to Sepit-nmber 1, 1985. (e) For specification containers, corn- shim responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. pliance with the applicable specifications in Parts 178 and 179 of this shall be required in all details, as otherwise prwided inthissukhaptta-.

A-3 6

I c 173.24 - SXNRARD 7FOR ALL PACXZGES (a) Each package used for shipping hazardau~material under this subchapter shall be so designed ard constructed, and its contents so limited, that under corditions normally incident to transportation: PACKAGING CATEGORY ACTION REQUIWD/ BYWHCM MI-S

(1) There will be no significant To be considered during package All packagings met the intent of release of the hazardous materials to design evaluation. Shipper this- as demnstrated by the environment; responsibility to ensure. meeting the more seven? Type A packaging of 173.411, .412, .465, and/or .466 as demnstrated in MLM-3245- and this addentturn. (2) The effectiveness of the To be considered during package All packagings met the intent of packaging will not be substantially design evaluation. Shipper this Ec@ment as demnstrated by reltuoed; and responsibilitytoensure. One meeting the more severe Type A aspect for strong consideration is packaging of 173.411, effect of contents on packaging .4U, .465, and/or .466 as effectiveness. denronstrated in MLM- 3245 and this addendum. NUI'E: Shim responsibility to consider and evaluate, if necessary, the effect of the contents.

(3) There will be no mixture of ShiPTX2r responsibility to ensure. Shipper responsibility to ensure. gases or vapors in the package which could, through any credible spontaneaus increaSe of heat or pressure or through an explosion, significantly reduce the effectiveness of the packaging. (b) Materials for which detailed Does not apply. Does nat apply. specifications for packaging are not set forth in this part rrmst be securely packagd in strong, tight packages neeting the mquimmmts of this section.

A-37 PACKAGING CATEGORY MIscEL;LANMws

(c) packaging used for the &pent of hazardous matrials under this subchapter shall, unless atherwise specified or exempted Win, meet all of the follming design and cunstruction criteria: (1) Each specification container must be marked as follcrws: (i) In an unobstmcted package must be marked WYT 7A Type shipper responsibility to ensure. with letters and numerals identifying- A." shim responsibility to the container specification (e.g., ensure. DcTr-lA, DCrr-17E-304HT, DcTp-23G40). See 178.0-2 of this subchapter. (ii) The name and address or shiimer responsibility to ensure. shipper responsibility to ensure. symbol of person making the mark specified in paragraph (c)(1) (i) of this section. symbol letters, if used, must be registered with the Director, OW. Duplicate symbols are not authorized. (iii) The markings nust be shipper responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. stamped, embossed, burned, printed, or othmise marked on the packaging to pmvide adequate accessibility, perm?- nency, and wntrast so as to be rea&ly apparent and understood. (iv) Unless othmise speci- shim responsibility to ensure. shi?mer responsibility to ensure. fied, letters and numerals rrmst be at least 1/2 in. high.

A-38 c e PACKAGING CATEGORY ACTION RMwIRED/By WHCM MIS-

(v) Packaging which does not shipper responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensum. conply with the applicable specification listed in parts 178 and 179 of this subchapter must nat be marked to indicate SUC~ccnrp?lU (See 178.0-2 and 179.1 of this subchapter).

(2) Steel used shall be luw-carbon Desimer and fabricator to do an3 shimer responsibility to ensure. ccrrmraercial quality steel. Stainless, !shiuper responsibility to ensure. open hearth, electric, basic oxygen, or other similar quality steels are acceptable. Steel sheets of specified gauges shall comply with the following: Normal Gauge ThichEss ThiCheSS No. (in.1 (in.1

A-39 PACKAGING CATM;ORY ACTION -/ BY WHOM MIS-s

(3) Lumber used shall be well- Desisner and fabricator to do ~IXIshi- responsibility to ensure. seasoned, commercially dry, and free shim responsibility to ensure. fmm decay, loose knots, knots that would interfere with nailing, and other defects that would materially lessen the strength. (4) Welding and brazing shall be Fabricator to do and shipper shim responsibility to ensure. performed in a workmanlike merus- responsibility to ensure. suitable and appropriate techniques, materials, andeqipent.

(5) Packaging materials and con- Desiqner to do and shipper shim responsibility to ensure. tents shall be such that there will be responsibility to ensure. no significant chemical or galvanic reaction among any of the materials in the package.

(6) Closure shall be adecpte to Desiqner to do and shipper shipper responsibility to ensure. prevent inadvertent leakage of the responsibility to ensure. contents under normal conditions hident to transportation. Gasketed closures shall be fitted with gaskets of efficient materials which will not be deteriorated by the contents of the container. (7) Nails, staples, and other Fabricator to do and ship?x.r shiDmr responsibility to ensure. metallic devices shall not protrude responsibility to ensure. into the interior of the outer packaging in such a manner as to be likely to cause failures.

A-40

I c PACKAGING CATEGORY ACTION REWIRED/ By WHm MISCEIJANEOUS

(d) polyethylene pahgings and receptacles: (1) polyethylene used in packaghp Desimer to do and shkmer shim responsibility to ensure. and receptacles must be of a type com- responsibility to ensure. patible with the lading and may not be permeable to an extent that a hazardaus condition occurs Whxj transportation, handling, or refilling.

(2) Each polyethylene packaging or Desimer, tester, and evaluator to Shipper responsibility to ensure. receptacle which is used for liquid do and shipper responsibility to hazardous materials must be capable of ensure. withstanding without failure the pm- cedure specified in Appendh B of this part (ttprocedurefor Testing chemical compatibility and Rate of permeation in polyethylene Packaghgs and Wpta- clesll) and the maxirmrm rate of pentea- tion of hazardous lading through or into the polyethylene packagbg or receptacles may not exceed the following rates: (i) 0.5 percent for materids meet- the definition of a poison according to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other hazardous materials, when subjected to temperatures no lakller than 18OC (649) for 180 days h accordance with Test Method 1; (ii) 0.5 percent for materials meeting the definition of a poison according to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other hazardous materials, when subje(=tedto temperatures m 1Cwe.r than 5OoC (122%) for 28 days in accordance with Test Methcd 2;

A-41 PACXAGING CATEGORY MIS-s

(iii) 0.5 percent for materials meeting the definition of a poison accozdhg to this subchapter and 2.0 percent for other hazardous materials, when subjected to temperatures no lower than 6OoC (140%) for 14 days in accordam=e with Test Wthd 3; (3) Alternative procedtures or rates shim responsibility to ensure. shim responsibility to ensure. of permeation are permitted if they yield a level of safety equivalent to or greater than that prcrvided by paragraph (d) (2) of this section and are approved by the Director, OHMC. (4) ~achpolyethylene packaging shim responsibility to ensure. skim responsibility to ensure. used as an outside packaging for materials meeting the definition of a poison according to this fllbchapter shall be penuanently marked, by emboss- ment or uther durable means, with the wod VOISONf~in letters of at least 1/4 in. in height. Additional text or symbols may be included in the marking. The marking shall be located within six inches of the packaging's cl-. &e of this subparagraph do not apply prior to September 1, 1985. Mmer ensure. (e)1 For specification containers, cow shim responsibility to ensure. responsibility to pliance with the applicable specifications in Parts 178 and 179 of this subchapter shall be required in all details, except as atherwise pmided inthissubchapter.

A-42 c 173.411 - GENERAt DESIGN

Except for a package that contams' a limited quantity or exoepted instrument or artdle umlex 173.421 through 173.424, each package used for shim of radioactive materials shall be desi+ so that:

GrJIDANa FoRmcATIoN

(a) The package can be This does not I.lecessarily mean handles are required. All the drums evaluated easily handled and Theintentistomaintam' a package size and gemem meet the intent of this properly secured in or on which dLla~conformance to paragraph (a). For example, requiremerrt. Inall a conveyance during a package 4 ft x 6 ft x 4 ft cantlot be easily handled by cases, the shipper should transport; haml. For such a package, other handling methods wmld avoid loading a tapheavy be designed. A package with sharp edges or Ccanponents package ard should be may not be easily handled manually. Also, package aware of the need for stability is required during transport. A rrxmd-shaped tie-dcrwns for any su& package, a top-heavy package, or any similar package Pac;kages* whi&wmldnutmahtiun' its initial orientation and -load position under conditions incidental to routine transportation muld not met these rquhmmb. Tie-dm are required for the packag- mtioned in this paragraph, arrd exclusive use shipents or documented special provisions with the carrier are required. Desimer to do ard shim responsibility to ensure. (b) A package with gross This does not necessarily mean that handles are re- All the drums evaluated weight em=eed.mg' 10 quired. AS in the COBrrment on param (a) above, meet the intent of this kilograms (22 lb) andup physical size, geoaaetry, and exterior surface design requirementwheninthe to 50 kilogranrs (110 lb) should be mciveto manual handling. Esncluded are: 10-IKJ (22-lb) to 50-IKJ has a means for manual (110-lb) rage. handling; - me,aW packages or odd-shaped packages with no reasoMble way to lift, hold, or me by hand;

- surfaces with sharp edges or points ma)ce handling difficult. Designer to do and shimer responsibility to ensure.

B-1 PACKAGE CATEGORY GUIlMNCE JXIR APPLICATION STEmlIsRurJE

(c) A paage with a gross Thought should be given to how the the packages will All the drums evaluated weight of 50 kilogranr; (110 Ib) be hadled, and they shauld be designed accozdi-ngly. meet the intent of this or mre can safely be handled If skids are used, the balance stability of the requirement. Thereare by- 'Cal means; package on the forklift must be considered. One m;urvdnmdbarrel-ing must also ensure that, when lifted by a forklift, devices whi& have pmen the buttom structure can support the weight without effective and safe .for significant distortion or loss of containment drum weighing more than aity. If hwks/lifting devices are used, they 50 kg (110 Ib) . mLlst meet 173.411(d). ~nmst cases, this is for the shipper to evaluate, particularly the ment that failure %oUd not impair the ability of the package to meet all other requirements.11 Desiqner to do and shimer responsibility to ensure.

(d) Each lifting attachmnt on A sign saying YB Not Use As A Lifting Device,vvWNat All the drums evaluated the package, when used in the A Lifting etc. is not adequate to prevent llheet the interrt of this intended mnner, with a minimum the use of the unauthorized liftins devices. The ?qghmmt. Theonly safety factor of 3, does not procedures for use of the packaging should also drum with a meis the hpse an unsafe stress on the state the intended use of any attaching points for 17C (178.115) 5- dnrm. structure of the package. In other pwpcses (Le., Vor lift- the lid only - This packaging was tested addition, the lifting attach- not entire packagjngll). Desi andperhap (1) at greater than 300 Ib ment shall be so designed that tester and evaluator, to do &-&- with no failure of handle, failure urrder excessive load responsibility to ensure. and (2) at 400 lb where would not impair the ability of the handle did fail, but the package to meet all other only pulled free frwm the lquhments of this subpart. sidecoupling. Thus, the Each attachment or &her failure was in an accepta- feature on the outer surface of ble mde. were m the padcaging that cmld be other lifting devices or used to lift the package must attachmmts. be -le or atherwise capable of being made inopera- ble for transport, or shall be designed with strength equivalent to that required for lifting attachnmts; ...... ,. ..*Q .&+-

(e) &e extemal surfaces, as Plywood, although not nonually thought of as easily All the dn;nas evaluated far as practical, may be easily decontaminated, is acceptable. T% intent is to the intent of this deccmtadnated; proamte surfaces that are relatively SIllDOth axxi that . minimize cracks and crwices in dch surface am- tamhation wuld reside. Consideration should be given to actions such as saxding or painting surfaces. Desiqner to do and shim mspmsibility to ellsure.

(f) The outer layer of packag- This is nut intended to eliminate 55- drums as All the drums evaluated ing will avoid, as far as Spec 7A packaging. The intent is for packaging naeettheintentofthe pratical, pockets or crevices designpersomdtocansiderthisaspect. Donut regulation. Amly designed shauld Wkrewater might collect; and design a puddle on tap of a bax or pmide cavities package to collect water dchcmld spill during transport consider this requirement. or handling or could promote rusting ard general deterioration of the packagirg, possibly in locations difficult to detect. Desisnes todoand Shilx3e.r responsibility to ensure.

(9) Each feature that is added For example, a canvas mer placed aver a package This is a shim respon- to the package at the tine of for pratection against the rain must nut adversely sibility since the regula- transportandthatisnutpart affect heat transfer m&renmb . shipper tion addresses item added of the package will not reduce responsibility to ensure. to the packagw that was the safety of the package. already evaluaw.

B-3 173.411 - GENERAL DESIGN Except for a package that contains a limited quantity or excepted indxment or article under 173.421 through 173.424, each padcage used for shipment of radioactive materials shall be designed so that:

(a) The package can be This does not necesarfiy mean ha.mXLes are required. All the steel hxqs mu- easily handled and The intent is to maintain a package size and geometry ated meet the intent of properly secured in or on which allw conformance to paragraph (a). For -le, this rquimmt . None a conveyance during apachge4ftx6ftx4 ftcannotbesasilyMedby are intended for manual. transport; hand. For such a package, other hanzuhg methcds &d hardling an3 all have a be design&. A package with sharp edges or CcBnpOnerrts laqe, stablebase. may not be easily handled manually. Also, package stability is requked dur- transport. A rrrund-shaped package, a top-heavy package, or any similar package which would not mainkcin its initial orientation and load position under conditions hidental to routine transportation would not meet these -. Th?dams are required for the packagirqs mentioned in this paragraph, and exclusive use shim or documented special provisions with the carrier are required. Desisner to do and shim responsibility to ensure.

(b) A package with gross This does not neessarily ltbean that hamiles are re- This does not apply since weight ' 10 quired. As in the canment on paragraph (a) me, all the steel boxes will kilograms (22 Ib) and up physical size, gem&ry, and exterior surface design weigh more than 50 to 50 kilograms (110 Ib) should be conducive to manual handlw. Esrcluded are: (110 Ib) . has a for manual ham=ng; - we, awkard packages or odd-shm packages with no reasonable way to lift, hold, or me by hand; - surfaces with sharp edges or points which make handling difficult. Desiqner to do an3 shim responsibility to ensure. c PACKAGE CATEGORY STEEL BOXES

(c) A package with a gross Thmght should be given to how the the packages will These baxes are typically weight of 50 kilogranr; (110 Ib) be handled, and they should be designed accordirpgly. design& for Mingwith or mre can safely be hardled If skids are used, the balance stability of the a truck or forklift. In by- 'Cal means; package on the forklift must be considered. One all the steel box packag- xust also ensure that, when lifted by a forklift, i-ws, qi-, wing,. the bottoan structure can support the weight without and/or design analysis significant distortion or loss of contaimmt have demnstrated ccanpli- integrity. If hooks/lifting devices are used, they ance. xust ltleet 173.411(d). In 11106t cases, this is for the shipto evaluate, particularly the mcpire- nmt that failure l%muld not impair the ability of the package to meet all other requirements. I1 Desimer todoandshiPDer responsibility to ensure.

(d) Each lift- attachment on A sign saying Wo Nut Use As A Lifting Device,11 I%t 'Ihe M-4 bin and the SAND the package, when used in the A Lifting Device,11etc. is not adequate to prwent box have li- devices interded manner, with a minimum the use of the UMUthorized lifting devices. The which far ex& the re- safety factor of 3, does not procedures for use of the packaging shauld also quired safety fator of 3; imposeanunsafestressonthe state the intended use of any attaching points for huwwer, because of the structure of the package. In other purposes (i.e., llFor lift- the lid only - stsength of the lifting addition, the lifting attach- nat entire packaging11). Desimer, and perhaps device, inead~casethe ment shall be so designed that tester and evaluator, to do and &mer box will fail before the failure under excessive load responsibility to ensure. lifting dwice. This will wmld not inpix the ability of nut negatively affect the the package to meet all other evaluation of these boxes of this subpart. since bath are used within Each attachment or other averpacks and the lifting feature on the outer surface of devices are nat used dur- the packaghq that axld be ing transportation. RoGar used to lift the package mLzst boxes have lifting devices be removable or otherwise on the lid. These are capable of being made inopera- htended only for lifting ble for transport, or shall be the lid andmust be re- designed with equiva- med or rendered ifiopera- lent to that req&red for ble before transpod. lifting attachments; This is the shimer's responsibility. PACRGING CATEGORY STEEL BOXES

(e) The external maces, as Plpmd, although not normally thought of as easily All the boxes evaluated far as practical, may be easily decorrtaminated, is acceptable. The intent is to naeet the intent of this decuntaminated; pramte surfaces that are relatively smoth and that . minimize cram and crevices in which surface contamination add reside. Consideratian should be given to actions such as sanding or painting surfaces. Desiqner to do and shiw responsibility to ensure.

(f) ?he outer layer of packag- This is not intended to eliminate 55- drurns as All the boxes evaluated ing will avoid, as far as Spec 7A packaging. The hte& is for packaging meet the intent of the pratical, pockets or crevices design personnel to consider this aspect. Do not where water might collect; and design a puddle on tap of a box or prwide cavities to collect water which could spill during transport or han3ling or cmld prcanOte rusting and general deterioration of the packaging, possibly in locations difficult to detect. Desisner to do axxi ShiPl3er responsibility to ensure.

(9) Each feature that is added For example, a canvas mer placed over a package This is a shipper respon- to the package at-the, t,h-of f%,P- 'on against the rain must not adversely sibility since the regula- transport arii that is n& part affecth&t transfer . shipper tion addresses items added of the package will not reduce responsibility to ensure. to the packaging that was the safety of the package. alnady evaluated.

B-6 cj c c 173.411 - DESIm EX- for a package that contains a limited quantity or excepted instnmmt or article der173.421 thmugh 173.424, each package used for shim of radicactive materials shall be designed so that: PACKAGING CATEGORY GumANcE FOR AppI3CATION WOODEN BOXES

(a) The package can be This does not necessarily mean handles are required. Allthe~boxes easily handled and The intent is to maintain a package size and geoaTletry evaluated llleet the intent properly secured in or an which allow conformance to paragraph (a). For example, of this requirement .In a conveyance during a package 4 ft x 6 ft x 4 ft cannut be easily handled by dl cases the shipper transport; hand. For such a package, ather handlw mthods would shdd avoid loading a be designed. A package with sharp edges or Ccnnponerrts to??-heaw package and may not be easily =ed manually. Also, package shdd be aware of the stability is requimd durhg transport. A round-shaped need for tie-dm for package, a top-heavy package, or any sM1a.r package arry such packages.' whichwmldnat~its initial orientation and load position under ccolditions incidental to ruuth transportation adnot meet these -ts. Tie-dm are required for the paackagings mentioned in this paragram, and exclusive use shipmnts or documented special provisions with the carrier are required. Desiqner todoandshimer responsibility to ensure.

(b) A package with gross This does not necessarily mean that handles are re- All the wooden boxes weight exceeding 10 quired. As in the COBntIbMt on pagraph (a) We, evaluated meet the intmt kilogranrs (22 lb) andup physical size, geometry, and exterior surface design of this zqlimmt when to 50 kilograms (110 lb) should be conducive to manual hantuing. Excluded are: used in the 10-kg (2243) has a means for mamal to 50-kg (110-lb) range. handling; - me,awkanl packages or odd-shaped packages with no reasamble way to lift, hold, or me by hand; - surfaces with sharp edges or points which make handling difficult. Desisner todoandshim respnsibility to ensure.

B-7 PACKAGE CATEGORY WOODEN BOXES (c) A package with a gross Thought should be given to haw the the packages will These boxes are typically weight of 50 kilograms (110 Ib) be handled, and they shdd be designed accordingly. designed for handling with or more can safely be handled If skids are used, the balance stability of the a truck or forklift. For by- ‘Cal means; package on the forklift mLlst be considered. One all of these packaging% must also ensure that, when lifted by a forklift, experience, testing, and/ the bottcan structure can support the weight without or design analysis have significant distortion or loss of mntamen‘t demnstrated ccmpliance. integrity. If hmks/lifting devices are used, they must meet 173.411(d). ~nmost cases, this is for the shipto evaluate, particularly the requirement that failure nat hpah the ability of the package to meet all other rqyimwnt~.~~ Desimer to do and shim responsibility to ensure. (d) Each lift- attacbent on A sign saying tvDoNot Use As A Lift- ttNOt None of the wooden boxes the package, when used in the A Lifting etc. is nut adequate to prevent have lifting attachments; intemled manner, with a minimum the use of the unauthorized lifting devices. The this- does not safety fadr of 3, does not procedures for use of the packaging should also aPPlY * impose an unsafe stress on the state the intatled use of any attaching points for structure of the package. In other purposes (i.e., !IFor lifting the lid only - addition, the lifting attach- nut entire packagingtt). Desisneu, and perhaps ment shall be so designed that tester and evaluator, to do and shim failure under excessive load responsibility to ensure. would not impair the ability of the package to meet all other 3Xquimmts of this subpart. Each attachment or other feature on the outer surface of the packaging that could be used to lift the package must be rennvable or otherwise capable of being made hopera- ble for transport, or shall be designed with strength @valent to that required for lifting attachments;

ic. I . B-8

I PACKAGING CATMXFH GumANcE FOR AF"LIm0N WODEN BOXES

(e) &e extenadl surfaces, as Plywood, although not m&ly thought of as easily All the boxes evaluated far practical, may easily dewntarnhated, is acceptable. The intent is to nveettheintentofthis as be requirement. If- - decontarmna' ted; prcanate surfaces that are relatively SmDOth and that minimize crack axl crevices in which surface con- tian is a significant tamination could reside. Cansideration should be potential problem, then given to actions as sanding or painting sanding, painting, or surfaces. Desiqner to do arrd shipper responsibility similar surface prepara- to ensure. tion ShCRlld be cmpleted.

( f) The outer layer of packag- This is not irrtendled to eliminate 55- drums as All the boxes evaluated ing will avoid, as far as Spec 7A packaging. The intent is for packaging the intent of the pratical, pockets or crevices design personnel to consider this aspect. Do not where wa- might collect; and design a puddle on tap of a box or pravide cavities to collect water which could spill during transport or Mingor wuld proancrte rusting and general deterioration of the packaging, possibly in locations difficult to detect. Desimer to do and shimer responsibility to ensure.

(9) Each feature that is added For -le, a canvas cover placed over a package This is a shipper m- to the package at the thof for pxwtech'an against the rain must not adversely sibility since the regula- transport and that is not part affect heat transfer nquhnm- . shim tion addresses items added of the package will not mce responsibility to ensure. to the packaging that was the safety of the package. already evaluaw.

B-9 173.411 - GENERAL DESIGN Except for a package that contains a limited qgmtity or except& imtnmmt or article under 173.421 through 173.424, etch package used for shipment of radioactive aaateridls shall be designed so that:

PACFAGING CAlFEGoRy GUIIIANCE FOR APPZ-IICATION PACKAGIMGS (a)-The package can be This does not mcessarily mean handles are requhd. All the.fibexbmi boxes easily handled and The intent is to maintain a package size and geometry andc%rumlneettheintent properly secured in or on which allow confo- to paragraph (a). For example, of this requirenaent. In a conveyance during a package 4 Et x 6 ft x 4 ft Cannot be easily handled by all cases the ship transport: hand. For SUAa package, other handling methods ad shdd avoid loading a be designed. A pckage with sharp edges or cOmpOnentS tap-heavy Package and may not be wily handled Inamlally. Also, package shauld be aware of the stability is myired during transport. A raund-shaped need for tie-dmns for package, a top-heavy package, or any similar package any such packages. which would not maintain its initial orientation and load position u&x conditions incidental to routine transportation wuuld not meet these rqukments. Tie-dmns are required for the packagings mentioned in this paragraph, and exclusive use shipnab or doaxwnted special pmisions with the Carrier are requimd. Desicmertodoandsihimer responsibility to ensure. (b) A package with gross This does not necessarily mean that handles are re- All fiberboard boxes and weight exceeding 10 quired. As in the COBrmbent on paragraph (a) above, drums meet the intent of kilograTlls (22 Ib) and up physical size, geumetzy, anzl exterior surface design this requirement when to 50 kilograms (110 lb) should be conducive to rnanual mhg. Esrcluded are: used in the 10-kg (22-lb) has a means for manual to 50-kg (110-lb) range. handling; - Iarye, awkard packages or odd-shaped packages obviausly, the "rid1 with no -le way to lift, hold, or me packaging (page ell) is by hand; intended for weights exceeding 50 kg and will - surfaces with sharp edges or points which mah =&-=- 'Cal hand- handling difficult. ling mw. Desimer to do and shimer responsibility to ensure.

B-10 '. e c G

GUIDAtKE FOR APPLICATION

(c) A package with a gross Thaught shauld be given to huw the the packages will The boxes and druras evalu- weight of 50 kilm (110 Ib) be handled, and they shauld be designed accordingly. atedaretypically de- or mre can safely be handled If skids are used, the balance stability of the signed for Mingwith by- 'Cal means; package on the forklift rrmst be considered. one haml-trucks and/or fork- must also that, when lifted by a forklift, lifts when weighing in the. kuttom structure can support the weight without excess of 50 €33. For all significant distortion or loss of contaiment of packag*, integrity. If hooks/liftbq devices are used, they vi-,- -ins, and/ must meet 173.41qd). ~n cases, this is for or design analysis have the shipper to waluate, particularly the require- denronstrated ccarp?liance. ment that failure Wald not impair the ability of As in all packages, but the package to meet all other nqukment~.~~ particularly important in Desimer todoandshirmer responsibility to ensure. Tri-wall packaging, the shiw shall ensure that the content load is in the center of the box or evenly distrwalong the battcsn.

B-11 8 8 PACKAGING cATM;oRy FIBERBQARD PACKAGINGS

(d) Each 1ifth-g attachment on A sign saying Wo Nut Use As A Lifting Device,11'Wut None of the f- the package, when used in the A Lifting Device," etc. is not adequate to prevent padcagirgs have lifting intended manner, with a minirmrm the use of the unauthorized lifting devices. The attachments; this require- safety factor of 3, does not procedures for use of the packaging should also ment does not apply. impose an unsafe stress on the state the intenled use of any attaching points for stiuwof the package. In other purposes (i.e., "For lifting the lid only - addition, the lifting attach- nut entire packagwl) Desimer, and perhaps mt shall be so designed that tester and evaluator, to do and shipper failure under excessive load responsibility to ensure. would not impair the ability of the package to meet all other requimmts of this subpart. Each attachment or other feam on the outer surface of the packaging that could be used to lift the package must be mawable or otherwise capable of being made inopera- ble for transport, or shall be designed with &rength @valent to that reqqhd for lifting attachmmts;

(e) The external surfaces, as Plywood, althm not normally thought of as easily All the packagings evalu- far as practical, may be easily decontaminated, is acceptable. The intent is to ated meet the intent of decontaminated; pramote surfaces that are relatively smooth and that this nqllimmt. If minimize cracks and crevices in which surface con- amtamination is a signifi- tamination could reside. Consideration should be cant potential problem, given to actions such as sanding or painting Covering, painting, or surfaces. misner to do and shipper responsibility similar surface p~para- to ensure. tion should be cmpleted.

B-12 <. . , c

PACXQGING CATEGORY FIBERBOARD PACKAGINGS

(f) The outer layer of packag- W is not inte.nded to eliminate 55- drums as All the packaghgs evalu- ing will avoid, as far as Spec 7A packaging. The intent is for pachging ated net the intent of pratical, pockets or crevices design personnel to consider this aspect. Do not the-. where water might collecrt; and design a puddle on tap of a box or provide cavities to collect water which cauld spill during transport or mingor cuuld pKanote rusting and geneyal deterioration of the packaging, possibly in locations difficult to detect. Desimer to do and shim responsibility to enswe.

(9) Each feature that is added For ample, a C~TIMScover placed aver a package This is a shipper respon- to the package at the time of for pratection against the rain must nut adversely sibility since the regula- transport and that is nut part affect heat transfer . shimer tion addresses items added of the package will nut reduce responsibility to ensure. to the packaging that was the safety of the package. already evaluated. 173.411 - GENERAL DESIGN ~~ceptfor a package that oontains a limited quantity or instnmbent or article mer 173.421 through 173.424, each package used for shim of radioactive materials shall be designed so that: PACKAGING GuIDANa FoRAPFuc!A!rIoN UF-6 CYLJNDW

(a) The package can be This does not necessarily mean handles are required. All cylindem evaluated easily handled and &e htent is to maintain a package size and gearmetry mBet the intent of this properly secured in or on which allow conformance t0 paragram (a). For example, rquhment. The experi- a corn- during apackage4ftx6 ftx4ftCannatbeeasilyhandledby ence data base demon- transport; M.For such a package, other handling methods wozxld strates the stability of be designed. A package with sharp edges or ampwnts these packages in trans- may not be easily handled mam&Lly. Also, package port and their ease of stability is required during transport. A mmd-shapd handling. package, a top-heavy package, or any similar package which would not maintain its initial orientation and load position under conditions incidental to rautine transportation wmld not meet these -. Tie-downs are recphd for the packagings mentioned in this paragraph, and exclusive use shi- or documented special pravisions with the carrier are required. Desimer todoandshiPDer responsibility to ensure. (b) A package with gross This does not necessarily mean that handles are re- This applies only to the weight exceeding 10 quired. As in the cmmnt m paragraph (a) above, IS, 2S, and 5A qlh- kilograms (22 lb) andup physical size, geometry, and exterior surface design ders. AS statedabove, a to 50 kilograms (110 lb) should be coducive to manual handling. Exclude3 are: vast exptxiexe base has a means for xaanual demonstrates ampliance. handling; - we, awkard packages or odd-shapd packages with no reasonable way to lift, hold, or me by hand: - surfaces with sharp edges or points which make handling difficult. Desisner todoandshim3er responsibility to ensure.

B-14 r. -* . GUIlXNCJ3 FOR AFFIXCATION UF-6 CYLJNDEDS (c) A package with a gross Thought &mld be given to hcrw the the packages will For the cylinders ather weight of 50 kilograms (110 Ib) be handled, and they should be designed accordirsgly. than IS, 2S, and=, a or more can safely be handled If skids are used, the balance stability of the variety of mecham'Cal by- 'Cal means; package on the forklift nust be considered. One systems are pravided and must also ensure that, when lifted by a forklift, have been used effectively the bottcan strum can support the weight without and reliably for years. significant distortion or loss of contairrment See Table C-4, page C-39. integrity. If hooks/lifting devices are used, they must meet 173.411(d). ~nmost cases, this is for the shipper to evaluate, particularly the xeq@re- ethat failure t%muld not inpair the abilityIt of the package to met all other -. Desimer to do and shiwer responsibility to ensure.

(d) Each lifting attadment on A sign saying ItDo Not Use As A Lifting Device,ttWut All cylinders meet this the package, when used in the A Lifting Device,tt etc. is nut adequate to pment requirement, asdeman- interded manner, with a minimum the use of the unauthorized lifting devices. The strated in Table (2-4, age safety factor of 3, does not pmcedwes for use of the packaging shdd also c-39. impose an unsafe stress on the state the intended use of any attampoints for structure of the package. In &her purpces (i.e., ItFor lifting the lid only - addition, the lifting attach- nat entire packagingtt). Designer, and perhaps ment shall be so designed that tester and evaluator, to do and shipper failure under excessive load responsibility to ensure. would not impair the ability of the package to meet all other lquimmk of this subpart. Each attachment or other feature on the outer surface of the packaging that could be used to lift the package nust be namable or otherwise capable of being made impera- ble for transport, or shall be designed with strength equivalent to that nquired for lifting attachments; PACKAGING CATEGORY UF-6 CYLINDERS

(e) The extenaal surfaces, as Plywood, al- not normally thought of as easily Themetaldpainted far as practical, may be easily deccatarmM’ ted, isacceptable. meintent isto metal surfaces have demn- decontaminated; pramote surfaces that are relatively SmDOth and that strated, through=.p=i- minimize mcks and crevices in which surface con- ence, compliance with this tanhation could reside. Consideration should be requhlmt. given to actions such as sanding or paint- surfaces. Desiqner to do and shimer responsibility to ensure. (f) The outer layer of packag- This is nat intended to eliminate 55- drums as These packages Ineet the ing Will avoid, as far as Spec 7A packaging. The intent is for packaging intent of the pratid, pockets or Crevices design personnel to consider this aspect. Do nut as shuwn in the sktches where water might collect; and design a @die on top of a box or provide cavities in MLM-3245. to collect water which could spill during transport or handling or could pmmate rusting and general deterioraticm of the packaghg, possibly in locations difficult to detect. Desianer to do and shim responsibility to ensum.

(9) ~achfeature that is added For ample, a carwas cover placed over a package No features are added other , to- -_package at the time of for protection against the rain must not adversely than those described transport and Wat is not”part affect heat-transfer Equimmb. Shi?mer> in aperating p-1 of the package will not &ce responsibility to ensure. and these are duated by the safety of the package. the shipper.

r c 173.411 - GENERAL DESIGN mcept for a package that contains a limited quantity or excepted instrument or article under 173.421 through 173.424, ea& package used for shipment of radioactive materials shall be designed so that: PACKAGING (XTEGORY GUIIXNa FOR APPLICATION LIQUIDS AND GASES (a) The package can be This does nut necessarily mean handles are required. All packaghgs meet the easily handled and The intent is to maintain a package size and geametry intent of this require- properly in or on which allcw conformance to paragraph (a). For example, ment per analysis of the a conveyance- during a package 4 ft x 6 ft x 4 ft cannot be easily handled by sketches and as demon- transport; hand. For such a package, other handling methods would strated by actual experi- be designed. A package with sharp edges or CcBTlponentS ence. In all cases, the my not be easily handled manually. Also, package shipper should avoid stability is required during transport. A mund-shaped loading a topheavy package, a top-hvy package, or any similar package Package and shauld be whkh wtruld not maintain its initial orientation and aware of the need for load position deraonditions incidental to routine tie-dm for any such transportation wuld not met these requirementS. Packages- Tie-downs are required for the packagings mentioned in this pram, and exclusive use shipments or docmmted special prwvisians with the. carrier are required. Desiqner todoandshi~responsibility to ellsure.

(b) A package with gross This does not necessarily mean that M~sare re- All the paackagings evalu- weight exceeding 10 quired. As in the coxmmt on paragraph (a) above, ated mt the intent of kilv(22 lb) and up physical size, geometry, and exterior surface design this requimmt when to 50 kilograms (110 lb) should be cordwive to manual handling. Excluded are: used in the 10-lq (22-kg) has a means for manual. to 50-kg (110-lb) range. handling; - T;lrqe, awkard packages or odd-shaped packages with no masonable way to lift, hold, or me by hand; - surfaces with sharp edges or points which make handling difficult. Desimer to do and shim responsibility to ensure.

E17 PACKAGE CATEGORY GUIDANCE FOR AETLXNTa

(c) A package with a gross !Ihought should be given to haw the the packages will The only two paCJ=gi-m weight of 50 kilograms (110 lb) be haradled, and they should be designed accordhgly. that fit these criteria or mre can safely be handled If skids are used, the balm stability of the are the Ol?NLF&urnable by- 'calnleans; package on the forklift must be considered. One shielded shipping contain- must also ensure that, when lifted by a forklift, er and the J. L. !%e@ the battam structure can support the weight without Gas Cylinder No. 4 (see significant distortion or loss of co- Pages F-26 and F-36 of integrity. If hooks/lifting devices are used, they MLM-3245). Both of these rrmst meet 173.411(d). ~nmost cases, this is for packages have outer boxes the shipper to evaluate, particularly the require- designed for routine hand- ment that failure #%uuld not impair the ability of ling with mIIl=ckm'cal the package to meet all other mqukawnt~.~' devices. E3q?eriaEehas Desiqner to do and shimer responsibility to ensure. dmnstrated packaging compliance with this

(d) Each lifting attachment on A sign saying lsDo Not Use As A Lifting Device,tf Wot The only package with a the package, when used in the A Lifting Device,81etc. is not adequate to pzwent lifting attachment is intended manner, with a minimum the use of the unauthorized lifting dwices. The ORNL~Sretunaable plastic safety factor of 3, does not procedtures for use of the packaging shdd also box (Page F-30, MLM- impose an unsafe stress on the statetheintemkd use of any attaching points for 3245). Tests at OFNL structure of the package. In other (Le., "For lifting the lid only - demnstrated compliance addition, the lifting attach- not entire packaginglt) . Desimer, and perhaps with this -t, and mt shall be so design& that tester and evaluator, to do and shipper failure of the handle failure der excessive load responsibility to ensure. wmld not impair the would not hpir the ability of ability of the packaging the package to meet all other to neet the containment of this subpart. integrity requirements. Each attachment or other feature on the outer surface of the packaging that ccniLd be used to lift the package must be removable or otherwise capable of being made hopera- ble for transport, or shall be designed with eequiva- lent to that required for lift- attachments;

B-18 *, c PACKAGING

(e) ?he external surfaces, as Plywood, although not nonually thought of as easily ?he variety of surfaoes far as practical, may be easily -ted, is acceptable. !the intent is to nEet the illtent of this dem&mhated; pmnmte surfaces that are relatively SlllDOth and that minimize cracks ani crrwices in which surface cun- tamhation cald reside. Consideratian shculd be given to actions such as sanding or painting surfaces. Desimer to do and shim responsibility toensure.

(f) The outer layer of packag- Thisisnotintenled to eliminate 55-gal as These packages m2e.t the ing will avoid, as far as Spec 7A packaging. The is for packaghg intentofthis3qukamt pratical, pockets or crwices design persannel to consider this aspect. Do not by analysis of the where water might collect; and design a puddle on tap of a box or provide cavities -/eng-ing to collect water which could spill during tmmport drawings in MLM-3245. or hanil- or cald proarmte rusting and general demioratim of the packaging, possibly in locaticols difficult to detect. ksiqner todoard shim lrespcolsibility to ensure.

(9) Each feature that is add€d For -le, a cxmas carer place3 over a package Thisisashiwrespcol- to the package at the time of for protection against the rain nust not adversely sibility since the regula- transportaxdthatisnotpart affect heat traIX3fe.r nquimmb. Shilxer tion addresses items added of the package will not reduce responsibility to ensure. to the packaghg that was the safety of the package. already evaluated.

B-19 173.411 - GENERAL DESIGN Except for a package that contains a limited quantity or excepted instmmk or article under 173.421 through 173.424, each package used for shipment of radioactive materials shall be designed so that: PACKAGING GuIJ)ANa mzlPPrJmm MIscEuANMxTs (a) The package can be This does nut necesarily m handles are required. All the pacJGlgirqs meet easily handled and Theintentistomaintam' a package size and getmetry the intent of this properly securd in or on which allow conformance to param (a). For -le, per analysis a conveyance during apackage4ftx6ftx4 ftcannatbeeasilyhandledby of the sketches and as transport: hand. For such a package, other handling lnethcds timid demonstrated by actual be desi-. A package with sharp edges or campo- experience. Inall may not be easily Medmanually. Also, package cases, the shipper should stability is required during transport. A raundshaped avoid loading a tapkreavy package, a tapheavy package, or any similar package package and should be which would nut maintain its initial orientation and aware of the need for load position un3e.r conditions incidental to routine tie-dm for any such transportation wmld nut met these mqukenmts. Packages* Tie-downs are required for the packaghgs mntioraed in this paragraph, and exclusive use shieor docmmted special pruvkions with the carrier are required. Desicanertodoandshimer responsibility to

ensure. ,-

(b) A package with gross This does not necessarily mean that hardles are re- Only the LNL shielded weight exeedmg' 10 w. & in the COgrrmMt on paragraph (a) we, COntainer (see Page 01, kilograms (22 lb) andup physical size, geometry, and exterior surface design MIM-3245) fits this to 50 kilograms (110 lb) should be cortlucive to nranual hadling. Excluded are: criterion and, as can be has a means for manual seen, it has a me. handling: - Large, awkard packages or odd-shaped packages with no -le way to lift, hold, or move by hard; - surfaces with sharp edges or points which mahe handling difficult. Desimer todoandshim responsibility to ensure.

B-20 .

.: .: : .

PA- CATEGORY GUIWCf3 FOR AFJPIX(3" MIS-

(c) A package with a ~ross Thmght shdd be given to hm the the packages will The three packages exceed- weight of 50 kilograms (110 lb) be Med, and they should be designed accordirrgly. ing 110 lb all have means or mre can safely be handled If skids axe used, the balance stability of the for mechaTll'cal handling, by- 'calmeans; package on the forklift must be cansidered. One and experience has demon- rrmst also ensure that, when lifted by a forklift, straw ccapliance. the bottagn ,dm&ure can support the weight without significant distortion or loss of 't integrity. If hooks/liftirrg devices are used, they mst met 173.411(d). ~nmost cases, this is for the shipto evaluate, particularly the requirement that failure 'buld nut inpair the ability of the package to meet all other mquhmmk. II Desiqner todoandshipper responsibility to ensure.

B-21 ~achlifting attachment on A sign saying llDoNut Use As A Lifting Device,t1 'Vat The TRU Package (see package, when used in the A Lifting Device,11 ek. is nat adequate to prwent Page 05, -3245) and the use of the unauthorized lifting devices. !the theFEMAsaurceoverpack safety factor of 3, does not procedures for use of the packaging should also (see Page 0-9, -3245) impose an unsafe stress on the state the intended use of any attaching points for are the only two packag- stm- of the package. In other ~plrposes(i.e. , !'For lifting the lid only - ing~with lifting dgvices. addition, the lifting attach- nut entire packagi.ng1l). Bsisner, and perhaps A stn;lctural analysis by ment shall be so designed that tester and evaluator, to do and shi- Mcnmlhasd(?mnstrated failure der excessive load responsibility to ensure. compliance with three would not inpair the ability of tiroles the gross weight the package to meet all other rquhment for both mqllhmmts of this subpart. packages. Withthem Each attachment or other TRU package, the outer feature on the outer surface of metal skin will fail prior the packaging that could be to the handle, but this used to lift the package luust wouldnutqrdsethe be removable or othenn'se crverdll ability to ccwp?1y capable of being made inopera- with this nquimmt,A ble for transport, or shall be similar analysis denrrm- designed with strength &va- strated that the handles lent to that rquired for of the FEMA package also -*- ,*. .-& lifting am-; < r comply with the t@e times the gross weight rqukmat, and failme of the lid haradles or side handles wuuld not reduce the ability of the packaging to cc~llply. with this external surfaces (e) ?he external surfaces, as Plywood, althcugh not normally thcplght of as easily The are far practical, may be easily demnbd~ted,is acceptable. ?he intent is to all mesal and ccmply with as requirenrent. deContarmna' ted; promote surfaces that are relatively smoth and that this minimize (xacks and crwices in which surface can- tamination could reside. Consideration should be given to actions such as sanding or painting surfaces. Desimer todoandshiPDer responsibility to ensure.

(f) Tf-re outer layer of packag- Thisisnutintexxw to eliminate 55- drums as cumpliance is Wims by ing will avoid, as far as spec 7A packaging. ?he intent is for packaging analysis of the sketches. pratical, pockets or crevices design perscanel to consider this aspect. Do not 'we only exception is the where water might collect; and design a @idle an tap of a box or provide cavities SNL drum (see Page 013, to collect water which could spill during transport MIM-3245) , which ccaaplies or handling or could prcanote rusting an2 general with the intent per the deterioration of the packaging, possibly in column on the left. locations difficult to detect. Desimer to do and shipper responsibility to ensure.

(9) ~achfeature that is added For exanple, a canvas mer placed over a package 'Ihis is a shiprespon- to the package at the time of for pmtection against the rain T[Iust not adversely sibility since the regula- transport and that is not part affect heat transfer lquiramts. shi- tion addresses items added of the package will not reduce responsibility to ensure. to the packaging that was the safety of the package. already evaluated. ,<

B-2 3 173.412 - ADDITIONAL DESI(;N FOR TYPE A PACKSES addition to meting the general design prescribed in 173.411, each Type A packaging shall be designed so that:

(a) The smallest overall ex- Desimer to do and shim responsibility AsShawnonthesketches ternal dinrension of the package to ensure. and as given in the packaging is not less than 10 centi- description in MIM-3245, all lneters (4 in.); packagings laeet this require ment.

(b) The outside of the packaging For this requireZrrent I the package Wisner may There are acceptable ap- incorporates a fatwe, such as a need to be skilled and creative. This is espec- proaches to aaupliance for seal, that iS nat readily ba- ially true for packages such as fiberboard all evaluated packagings. It able, and that, while intact, is cartonsandmodenboxes Apadlcckisnot is the shimer's respon- widence that the package has nat effective as a security seal. It is not sibility to ensure aaupli- beenopaled. Inthecaseof possible with mst types of padlocks to asce~ ance with this xqubxmt. packages shipped in exclusive use tain if they have been illicitly opened. One closed transport vehicles, the acceptable approach towanl meting this require- cargo-P=t=ntmaYbes=led ment is serially rnzmbered lead- seals, or, instead of the individual pack- inthecaseof fiberboard packages, a tape of ages ; sufficient adhesive strength to damage the fiberboard upon remcNal. Desimer to do and shim responsibility to ensure. (c) As far as practicable, the me intent is to minimize the rnnnber and All evaluated packagings external surfaces are free frcan nature of pratrusions by consideration meet this rec@mmt. protrusions and are designed so during design and/or as a result of any that they an be easily dm- mdifications to the packaging. Desimer taminated; to do and shim responsibility to ensure.

c-1 Metals used in (dl and shielding This does not mean any of the tests nulst these dnmrs adbe maintab& Cturirrg trans- necessarily be perfonned at the -m will nat becoane excessively - brittle at -4OOC and all portation and storage in a telu- actrems. [Nute: 173.461(b) .] The regula- peratwe range of -4OOC (-40%) tions allm the assunption that the packag- gasketsusedalsomeetthis to +7OoC (+158%) with account is in equilibrium at 38OC prior to testing. -. Noneofthese taken of the possibilities of one rrmst enraluate the packaghg CcBlllpOnents with packag- are authorized brittle fracture; respect to behavior at the temperatwe for liquids, so freezirg under dtians incidental to transpomtim of contents is nut a concern. (Le., the jiggles, boun~~,and bermps nor- Temperatures of +7OoC will mally emxmhzd in transportation) Gaskets nut result in any signifi- and packaging compmmb to be evaluated cantdeaeasein- todeterrmne if they will beccane excessively integrity, as show in brittle at -40%'. This may be accaplished by praperty of materials tables. actual testing, referring to praperty of material tables, .. data fKlanmanufa-, etc. he shipper nust ccolsider such Wngs as freez- of li&d amtents and evaluate the effed to ensurec!onbm&ocataumbent integrity. ?he shipper xaust also consider the buildup of pre~fllre at elevated temperatures iud ensure contin& con- tairmtent. Desi-, tester, and evaluator to do am3 shi- responsibility to ensure. Typically, one uses actual experience as a guide. Experience has consistently (e) It is able to wiurstana the damnstrated that effects of any acceleration, If experience is not available, one normally uses these pack- vibration, or vibration a CCBmpariS0n to a similar packaging with an aghp or similar aeSiW that may arise during normal ience pmfile. If this isn't possible, vibra- ccmply with this requirenaent. transportation, without any tion testing can be perfonned. The ~rurpose Ihe shipper mustensurethe deterioration of effectiveness of this section is to prevent the 1- of application of quality assur- the ance necessary to achieve of closing devices or of the in- nuts, bolts, and contairmbent devices under con- tegrity of the package as a whole ditions incident to rautuhe-' transportation. this xqxhment. and without loosening or uninten- siqner, tester, and evaluator to do and tied release of nuts, bolts, shiTmer responsibility to msure. or other securing devices even after repeated use:

c-2 (f) It includes a ~yxxew-type~lc~osures can qualify. All packagings evaluated system securely closed by a posi- 1fFticti.mfit11 nonnally doeis nut qualify. meetthisrequ' fi, as tive fastenirrg device that cannut Security clips on cans could be acaeptable. shown on the skekhes or in bew- ionally or by -er, one cannut depend on friction alone. the packagirg descriptions. pressure that may arise within the mi-, -tester, and evaluator to do and package during normal transprt. shipper responsibiity to ensure. special form, as demnstmted in acm- with 173.469, may be cansidered as a axpnent of the corrtainment System; (9) Ihe materials of the packag- misner todoandshiv responsibility shiv responsibility to ingandanyampmntsorstruc- to ensure. ensure. tures are physically and chemi- cally cclmpatible with each other andwiththemntents,taJcinginto account the behavior of each uikr irradiation; (h) For each of the con- Desisner todoandshimer responsibility shiv responsibility to tairmaerrt system, accumt is taken to ensure. ensure. wh6 applicable of radiolytic de- ccanposition of mterials and the generation of gas by chemical reaction aril radiolysis; (i) system will The systemisdefinedas !this analysis requires a mre retain its- radioactive amtents the=- to retain the radio- detailed description to pro- uxtier the reduction of ambient active CQntentS durjng transportation. Thus, vide adequate information. pressure to 0.25 kilogram per one starts by identifying the contaiment See Table C-1. centime* (3.5 lb/ system. ?he radiuative contents must be -Pl-Y ' intheam~jnlRentSystem if the package- is subjected to reduce3

c-3

r mmmm: ' paragraph 173.4l2(i) in effect recpims a pressure diffaerrhal of 0.75 atm (11.2 psi) across the surfaces of the containment system acting hrcan the inside to the outside. ~nall of the steel drumpackagbqs the umbhmnt system is defined as the drum itself. TO achieve the pressum differential, the inside of the packaging was pressurized to 11.2 pig us- ccnnpressed air atd held for approximately 5 min. Ihe -/fail criteria were:

(1) No release of cxmknts as deterrrmhed' by the aksence of any &-kctable air flaw or fluorscein after the test.

(2) The mtentim of pressure, 11.2 f 0.3 pig. 'Ibis was held for apxxhuately 5 mh.

(3) No Struckual distortim which would cause an incmase excedmg' 20% in the dose rate at the surface of the package as CCBllpared to the dose rate prior to beginniq the test.

17C 55- drutus with vent clips and with high-efficiency filters installed in the lids m tested. In this Case the criteria became just cmtdmmt (no release of contents) since the packagbq will not hold pressure. This last statement is te&ni&ly correct; however, in the instame abcrve (vent clips ami filters in lid), the pressure was raised to 11.2 psig and held for 5 min by adjusting the immrtl flow to equal the loss thmugh the vent clip and/or filter. Mswas -testing since $here are no realistic conditicllls of no& transport in which a pressure (J XdiEferential of- this'~magnitxdez&& arise4n a matter of-;secords.' ~nthe unlikely event-of &.a pressure over longer priods of tb, the vent clip or filter wuuld allow the prssums to equilibrate before differentials approaching 11.2 psi &d be rea-. The table below pmvides detailed information the testing of the steel drums and the results.

c-4 In 1 1 1 G N N N .

N N N

0 0 d SteelDnnUsin ewer Of preserrtatian in I"!-3245 No. No. Tested Result Tested Re!mlt

I Spec 17C 55- 5 5- 0 EwfQ ' (178.115)

1 1 fail Flour and fluorescein upon hspectim, a manu- (- -1 facturing defect in the gmetwasrmted. Drums fm same supplier tested again and all passed.

5 5- 0 vermiculite with flour and fluoxescein

Spec 17C 55- 5Ro~Well5paSS 0 Flour and fluorescein Thistestwithno (178.115) Hanford vent clips was to with pressure d-te the Mief devices integrity of a standard Pa'ondrumwithout Krv. - Vent clip 5Fbck~kll5paSS 0 Vdculite with flour At 11.2 pig, air HZ3lIfOI-d and fluorescein escaped, but -no fluorescein was detected during or after these tests.

C-6 c

TAEU c-1 (continued) Test Results SteelDnrmSin onslmtkud order of proauction presentatianin packagings MIM-3245 Without RTll No. No. Tested Result Tested Result

- Filter 3- 3- 0 Vermiculite with flour lfbe opening on the Flats ard fluorescein filterwasccweredan the inside and 11.2 psi pmwas =lied totestthednmrsard the filter housing. As prwiausly stated, all passed. 3- 3pass 0 Vermiculite with flour At 11.2 pig, ah Flats aril flwrescein -Y escaped, no fluorescein was de- tecteddurhqorafter these tests. Spec 17C 55- (178.115) with 90-mil HDm linfzr spec 17H 3- 5 LASL 5 fail w (178.118) 3 LASL 3 fail Flour and fluomin

3 IASL 3 PS Flour and fluorescein 3 3 fail w Flats

c-7 TABLE c-1 (mtirnled) Test Ftesults SteelDnrmSin onstandard I w of €m&ction TestResultswithFav Resentationin mckaginqs Adhesive Went (Requires MIM-3245 Without RI'V 24-hr Before Tb&h) mltents

No. No. Tested Result Tested Result

3- 3 fail vermiculite with flour Flats and fluorescein

speclrn55-gal 7MoulY3 7fail (178.118) 2Mould 2pass 5M5fail

10 Mould 10 pass

2- 2 fail Flab

2RockY 2pass vermiculite with flour Flats arrd fluorescein 2m 2 fail m?tY 3m 3 fail vermiculite with flour and fluo-in e c

No. No. Tested FteSlllt Tested Result Military specification

MS-24347-la 0.25- 3 MS-24347-7 1.25- 3 MS-24684-1 0.25- 3 MS-27684-2 4- 2 MS-27684-3 6- 3 MS-27684-6 8- 3 MS-27684-8 12- 3 MS-27683-7 30- 3 MS-27683-13 45- 3 MS-27683-21 85- 1 3 I 2

assembly number. %?lour, fluorescein, sard, andlead. NUJE: Twenty-one Spec 17C 55- drum from three different DOE cOntractOrS wexe tested d denarmstrated cxanplhxe with this reqdnmk. NOTE: Thirty-five 17H 55- steel drums were tested. Of the 21 tested (fm three diffdDOE Carrtractors) without KIIV: 19 failed, 2 passed. Ofthe14testedwithRlV: 14passed.

c-9 GUIDANCE FOR APPLICATION pressure. A filtered packagw is possible as 1- as it can be demnstrated that the filtered package will retain the mntents and that the filter is not ' letodamagefroaaany uther tests. Caution shauld be exercised to ensure that the contents and internal Paaging ccanponerrts (i.e., plastic boxes, etc.) will not effectively seal the filter during normal use. III cases where a pressure differential will not build up becaw of the free-fluw through a filter, themc&=?nt of cklmsb=ting the retention of Corrtents rrmst still be met. For a package that breathes (does not hold 11.2 psi) , SUChasawodenbox, onermxstdemnstmtethat, even with breathing, the conterrts will be otherwise, a separate inner containment capable of mtjng the reduced P- P- =wl==nt isrequired. Desiqner, tester, and evaluator to do and shim resposlsibility to ensure.

;(j) mch valve through which * wisner todoandshils3er responsibility ' None of these the radioactive contents to ensure. have valves. could otherwise escape is pmtected against damage ard unauthorized operation and, except for a pressure relief device, hasaneMClofllret0 retain any leakage;

c-10 -.

I (k) Any radiation shield The shield shall be securely closed or, that encloses a cclmponent by way of packaging design, ensure of the packaging specified against escape of a cmtahmt as part of the containment system CQaPanent. One ample is a package will prwent the mintentimal with cellatex on top of a lead shield escape of that CXBnponent with a press-fit lid in which clc6"e fmn the shield; of the cellatex holds the lid in place. Tbeshippermustmahsure that urxlkr the tests prescribed in 173.465 there will be no marrange- merrt of the original containment/shield orientation. Desimer, tester, evaluator todoandshimer responsibility to axsure.

(1) milure of any tie-down Desimer, tester, evaluator to do and None of these packag- atta- on the pack- shim responsibility to e~lsure. have ti- attachnmts aging under excessive load as described. will not impair the ability of the package to meet utherrequirenrents of this fllhpart.

c-11 173.412 - ADDITIONAL DESIGN FOR TYPE A PACKAGES In addition to meeting the general design prescribed in 173.411, each Type A packaging shall be designed so that:

(a) The smallest overall ex- Desimer to do and ShirJPer responsibility As shuwn on the sketches tem& dimension of the package to ensure. and as given in the packagiq is not less than 10 centi- descriptim in MUf-3245, all meters (4 in.): packagiqs meet this Eqllim- llEnt.

(b) &e autside of the packaging For this , the package designer may There are acceptable ap incorporates a feature, such as a need to be skilled and creative. This is espec- pma- to cmpliance for seal, that is not readily break- idly true for packages such as fiberboard all evaluated packagw. It able, and that, while jntact, is wrtonsandwoodenbaxes. Apadlockisnot is the shipper's respon- evidmce that the package has not effective as a security seal. It is not sibility to ensure cmpli- beenopened. Inthecaseof possible with most types of padlock to ascer- ancewiththis xqlimmt. packages shim in exclusive use tain if they have been illicitly opened. one closed tramp& vehicles, the acceptable approach towaxd meeting this rec&e= cargo mtmay be sealed mat is serially mmbered lead-wh seals, or, instead of the individual pa&- in the case of f- packages, a tape of ages ; sufficient adhesive strmgth to damage the fiber- boarduponre;l.aoval. Desimer to do and shim responsibility to ensure. (c) As far as practicable, the me jntent is to minimize the number and All evaluaw packagings external surfaces are free from nature of prat.rusions by Consideration meet this mquimwnt. protrusions and are designed so durhg design and/or as a result of any that they an be easily dm- modifications to the packaging. Desimer taminated; to do and shipper responsibility to ensue. (dl and shiela 'hisdoesnrrtmeananyofthetestsmust Metdlsusedintheseb== wouldbe maintained durirrg w- necessarily be perfonmd at the temperature will nut became excessively portation and storage in a tem- atremes. [Note: 173.461(b).] The regula- brittle at -4OOC and all pram rarrge of -4OOC (-40%) tions alluw the asamption that the packaging gdetsusedalso~tthis to +7OoC (+l58%) with account is in equilibrium at 38OC prior to testing. None of these taken of the possibilities of one must evaluate the packaging ccllllponents with packagings are authorized brittle fracture; respect to behavior at the temperature for liquids, so freezm wder conditions incidental to transportation ofccnrterrtsisnotaconcern. (Le., the jiggles, bounces, and bmps nor- Temperatures of +7OoC will mally in transportation). Gaskets nut dtin any signifi- ard paaging- cumpomnts need to be evaluated Cantdemasein- todeterrmne' if they will becorrae em=essively integrity, as show in brittle at -40%. may be accomplished by praperty of materials tables. actual test&q, referr- to property of material. tables, obtaumq.. data fraaamanufacturers, etc. Ihe shipper must consider such things as freezing of liquid contats and evaluate the effect to ensure- -integrity. The shipper must also consider the buildup of pressure at elevated temperatures and ensure continued con- tairmhent. Desiuner, tester, ard evaluator to doandshivper responsibility to ensure. (e) It is able to withstand the Typically, one uses actual experience as a quide. Experience has consistently effects of any acceleration, If experience is nut available, one normally uses demnstmted that these pack- vibration, or vibration resomme a ccaopariscn to a similar packaging with an exper- agings or similar designs that may arise during normal ience profile. If this isn't possible, vibra- ca@y with this transportation, withcut any tion test- can be perfod. The purpose meshimmensurethe deterioration of the effectiveness of this section is to prevent the loosening of application of quality assur- of closing devices or of the in- nuts, bolts, and containment devices under con- ance necesay to achieve tegrity of the package as a whole ditions incident to rcutine transportation. E- this -t. and without loosening or minten- signer, tester, and evaluator to do and ti& release of nuts, bolts, shir3lx2r responsibility to ensure. or other securbq devices even after repeated use;

C-13 GUIDANCE EOR APPLICATION (f) It includes a corrtairrment n~typel@closures can qualify. All packagings €mihated system securely closed by a posi- Vriction fit” normally does nut qualify. meetthis- ,as tive fastenhg devioe that cannut Security clips on cans could be acceptable. shown on the &etches or in beapened- ‘onally or by ~clwwer, me cannut aeperrcl on friction alone. the packaging descripti-. pressure that may arise withjn the -i-, -tester, an3 evaluator to do and package dur- normal transport. shipresponsibiity to ensure. special fom, as demonstrated in accordam=e with 173.469, may be considered as a capnent of the __ -SYst’Rm; (9)The materials of the packag- Desianer to do and shim responsibility shim responsibility to ing and any amponents or struc- to ensure. ensure. tures are physically an3 cfiemi- dlyccanpatible with each other andwiththewntents,takirrginto account the behavior of each under irradiation; (h) For each of the con- Desisner to do arid shim responsibility shipper responsibility to taimentsystem,acccnmtistaken to ensure. ensure. where applicable of radiolytic de- ccarrposition of materials and the generation of gas by chemical reaction and radiolysis; (i)me contairrment SyStml will The cantahwnt SyStemisdefinedas Thisamlysisrequiresamre retain its radioactive cmtents the mpments irrtended to retain the radi- detailed description to pro- under the reduction of ambient active contents during transportation. Thus, vide adequate information. pressure to 0.25 kilogranrs per one starts by identifying the containment See Table C-2. centimeter (3.5 lb/ system. The radioative contents must be 7 completely retained in the contaiment ifthepackageistobesubjectedtor&uced-

C-14 c

The- system is define3 as the box itself. To achieve the pressure differential, the inside of the packaghg (steel box) was pressurized to 11.2 pig us- CcBllpreSsed air, CcBapreSsed nitrogen, or water, as described below. In all cases, the pressure was held for approximately 5 min. The -/fail criteria were essentially the san~as given in Table C-1, with the exception of the capital test, which used water. In this case, obviously no flour or fluorescein was used; huwever, the absence of a visible water leak (and retention of water pressure) was really a mm sensitive test than detection of flwresdn. Note that this test amlies only to the nonfiltered packagings since this differential could nut reasonably be aq?eckd to be enamted in transportation with a filtered packagiq.

C-15 TABLE c-2

SteelBoxesin order of preserrtation Size/Model Test Test MIM-3245 No. Methodoloqy Results capital Industries S-0510-0823 pressurized Pass No leakage of water and pressure with water to held for 5 nh. 11.2 psi

V-0510-0823 Vented/filtered Pass sothistestis not aplicable

S-0450-0846 win(=- Pass analysis by um- parhto S-0510-0823 abave S-0730-0846 win(=- Pass analysis by um- parhto S-0730-1006 bel-

S-0240-0906 Engin(=% Pass analysis by canparison to S-0510-0823 above

S-0480-0906 Eng-hY Pass analysis by canparison to S-510-0823 above S-0730-1006 pressurized with Pass No leakage of water and pressure water to 11.2 psi held for 5 nh.

C-16 SteelBoXesin orcler of presentatim Size/Mdel Test 'pest MLM-3245 No. Methodoloqy Results 5-0480-1376 Eng-ing Pass analysis by can- parisonto s-0730-1006 abwe S-0840-1440 pressurized with Pass No leakage of water an3 pressure water to 11.2 psi held for 5 min.

container -6-5 S/L FD Verrted/ffitered products carp. sotestnut applicable B-96-5 sfi RA pressurized with pass No leakage of air and pressure air to 11.2 psi held for 2 nb. B-96-5-RA-B pressurized with Pass No leakage of air and pressure air to 11.2 psi held for 2 min. All the remailling container plmducb mrp. models are ventd/filtered; therefore, this test is nut amlicable. Rd;archemical R-1 Engineering analysis t Nuclear by to R-3 Services, ~nc. belcrW. R-2 Engineering analysis by ccgnparisOn to R-3 MW.

C-17 C-2 (continued) steel Boxes in order of preserrtation Size/Model Test Test MLM-3245 No. M!=thdoloqy Results R-3 pressurized with Pass No leakage of nitrugen and p- nitrogen to 11.2 held for 5 mirnrteS. Psi R-4

mcky Flats, Style 1 Each style (1-4) pass No leakage of nitrugen and Golden, 03 pressurized with pressure held for 5 h. Style 2 nitrogen to pass slightly above 12 psi Style 3 Pass Style 4 Pass

.e-.-.-" . . ^., . T:+ 1 Nb 1eakag.e of Water-and.pr==e q-r National held for more than 5 h. Laboratory - Arsonnet certified only Nut Itequired Box is not designed with for Form 3 agasketsealirrtended to material; thus, retain Fbm 1 or Form 2 test nut lKaning- contents. ful

C-18 - _I -. '- c PACKAGING -Y GUIlXNCF, FOR APPLICATION STEEL BOXES

PresSUre. A filtered packaging pOSSible aS long as it canbe demnstmted that the filtered package will retain the cmtents anl that the filter is not susceptible to damage froan any other tests. Caution should be exercised to ensun3thatthewntentsandintemal packaging cxanponents (i.e., plastic boxes, etc.) will not effectively sedl the filter during nomal use. In cases where a pressure diffm' willnot build up because of the free-fluw thmqh a filter, the requirement of demnstrathq the retentian of contents must still be met. For a package that breathes (aoeS not hold 11.2 psi), SUChasawoodenbox, onemustdenmnstratethat, even with bmthhq, the Contents will be retained. otherwise, a separate inner ccartairmrent capable of meeting the reduced P- P- =P=e=nt isrequired. Desimer, tester, and evaluator to do anl shipper responsibility to ensure. (j) Each valve thmughwhich Desisner todoanlshi?3Der responsibility None of these packagirqs the radioactive cmtents to ensure. have valves. could otherwise escape is pratected against damage and unauthorized operation ard, except for a pressure relief device, has an enclofllre to retain any leakage;

c-19 . . ...

PACKAGING CATEGORY GUIDANCE FOR APPLICATION SImL BOXES (k) Any radiation shield The shield shall be securely closed or, None of these packag- that encloses a campo& by way of packaghq design, ensure have shielding as decribed. of the packaging specified against escape of a contaurmen't as part of the contairmberrt system ampnent. One example is a package will prevent the unintent id with cellatex on tap of a lead shield esca+ of that ccrrrp?onent with a press-fit lid in which cl- froan the shield; of the cellotex holds the lid in place. Theshippermstmakesure that under the tests prescribed in 173.465 there will be no rearmnge- merit of the original contairrmerrt/shield orientation. Desimer, tester, evaluator to do and^^ responsibility to ensure.

(1) Failure of any tie-dawn Desi-, -tester, evaluator to do and None of these packaghgS attachment on the pack- ShiTmeX responsibility to ensure. have tidown attachments aging undex excessive load as described. will not impair the ability of the package to meet other lquhments of this subpart.

*. c-20"

I e 173.412 - ADDITIONAL DESIGN FDFt TYPE A PACKAGES In addition to meeting the general design requirenrerrts prescribed in 173.411, each Type A packaging shall be designed so that:

(a) The smallest merall ex- Desimer todoaIxlshipper responsibility Asshawnonthesbt&es ternal dinmsion of the package to ensure. and as given in the packaging is not less than 10 centi- description in MLM-3245, all meters (4 in.): pacbgings meet this requirement.

(b) The autside of the packaging For this mquhmmt , the package designer may There are acceptable ap incorporates a feature, such as a need to be skilled and creative. This is espec- proaches to ccntlpliance for seal, that is not maybreak- ially true for packages flLch as fhxboard all evaluated packagiilgs. It able, and that, while intact, is Cartansand'klwdenboxes. Apadlockisnat is the shiwer's respan- evidence that the package has not effective as a security seal. It is nat sibility to ensure ccaapli- beenopened. Inthecaseof possible with most types of padlocks to ascerc ance with this -. packages shipped in eclusive use tain if they have been illicitly opened. One closed transport vehicles, the acceptable appoach tokmrd meeting this require- cargo cxlanparhnent may be sealed ment is serially rnrmbered lead-wh seals, or, instead of the individual pack- inthecaseof fhrboaxd packages, a tape of ages i sufficient adhesive to damage the f- boarduponmmval. Desisner to do aIxl shim responsibility to ensure. (c) As far as practicable, the 'IIEintent is to minimize the number and All evaluated packagings external surfaces are free from nature of pratrusions by consideration nreet this YquimEnt. protrusions and are designed so during design and/or as a result of any that they can be easily dean- modifications to the packaging. Desimer taminated: to do aIxl shipper responsibility to ensure.

c-21 GLJmANm FoRAEFLX~oN

(dl -n- and shielding This does not mean any of the tests must '1Aemterials (wood, caulk- would be mairrtained during trans- necesarily be performed at the terperam ing, metal strips, mils, portation & storage in a ten- [Note: 173.461(b).] The regula- gaskets, etc.) wuldrmt perature range of -4OOC (-40%) tions dluw the assumption that the packaging becane excessively brittle to +7OoC (+158%) with account is in equilibrium at 38OC prior to testing. at -4OOC and all gaskets taken of the possibilities of one must evaluate the packaging cxrmpoh with USed&thiSEqUhlD&. brittle fracture; respect to behavior at the tenprature extmnes None of these packagings under conditions hidental to transpOrtatian are authorized for liquids, (i.e., the jiggles, baunces, and bunp nor- so freezing of contents is mally in transportation). Gaskets notawncern. TWperatums and packaging- ccmpmts need to be evaluated of +7OoC would not result to determine if they will becornse excessively in any significant decrease brittle at -40%. This may be acccmplished by in integrity either, as shcrwn actual testing,.. referring to pmperty of material in property of materials tables, ol3kmmg data froanmamfacturers, e. tables. The shipper must consider such thing3 as freezing of liquid mntents and evaluate the effect to ensurecontlnued- integrity. The shipmust also consider the buildup of pressure at elevated tenperatums and ensqe continued contairrment. Desiqner, tester, & evaluator to . .. do am3 shim responsibility to ensure. (e) It is able to withstand the Typically, one uses actual qiem=e as a guide. Expxience has wnsistentl.~ effects of any acceleration, If aperience is not available, one normally uses dmcmdrated that these pack- vibration, or vibration reso~nce a comparison to a similar packaghg with an exper- agings or similar designs that may arise during normal ience profile. If this isn't possible, vibra- wlywith this ?quimmt. transportatioll, without any tion test* can be perform& ?he purpose The shii3Pe.r mustensurethe deterioration of the effectiveness of this section is to prevent the locening of application of quality assur- of closhg devices or of the in- nuts, bolts, and contahmmt devices urder con- ance necessary to achieve tegrity of the package as a whole ations incident to routine transportation. De- this lxquhlmt. and without or uninten- siqner, tester, and evaluator to do & tianal +ease of nuts, bolts, shim responsibility to ensure. or other securing devices even after repted up=:

c122 , I : ., ...... , . . , . .-:.,. . ,:,.i.,; , . ,-.' PACKAGING CATEGORY mm BOXES (f) It includes a contairrment l%crew-typev@closures can qualiQ. All packagiqs evaluated system securely closed by a posi- llFriction fit" normally does nut qualify. meet this lX&m3mt fa tive fastening device that cannot Security clips on cans wuld be acceptable. sham on the skkhes or in be opened unintentionally or by Hwever, me cannot depen3 on friction alone. the packagiq descriptions. pressure that may arise within the Desimer, tester, and evaluator to do and package during normal transport. shipper respmsibiity to ensure. Special form, as demnstrated in accordance with 173.469, may be amsidered as a amponat of the co -t system; (9)me materials of the packag- Desiqner to do and &mer responsibility ShilJDer responsibility to ing and any CcDnpOnents or struc- to ensure. ensue. tures amphysically and chemi- cally ccarq?atible with each other and with the contents, taking into account the behavior of each under irradiation;

(h) For each CCBnponent of the con- Desimer todoandshimer responsibility ShilJDer I.esponsibility to tainment system, account is taken to ensure. ensure. where applicable of radiolytic de- ccarposition of materials arrd the generation of gas by chemical reaction and radiolysis; (i)The containment system will ?he containment system is defined as Based on the testing discussed retain its radioactive contents the CcBnpOnents intended to retain the radio- below (see Table C-3) , these mer the reduction of anbient active contents during transportation. Thus, packagi.Iq3 all meet this re- pressure to 0.25 kilograms per one starts by identify- the containment for Form 2 and 3 Centim2ter (3.5 lb/ system. The radioative contents must be materials. The contairmmt Tm. )I capletely retained in the contairrment system -in ach case is the system if the package is subjected to reduced wooden box itself. obviously, pressure. A filtered packaging is possible as the box is not eqected to be long as it can be d-nstrated that the filtered air-leak tight with a signifi- package will retain the contents and that the cant pressure differential filter is not susceptible to damage fmany applied. Thirteen separate other tests. Caution should be exercised to boxes were subjected to this ensure that the contents and internal test. The contents in all

C-2 3 package will retain the contents and that the cases were flour, fluorescein, filterisImtEx=€@3b' le to damage froan any andsard. Ineachcase, the ather tests. Caution shauld be exercised to box did not hold pressure, as ensure that the crmtents and internal expcted. Typically,- packaging capmenb (i.e., plastic boores, started leaking air at less etc.) will not effectively seal the filter thanlpsi. ~stheprqssum duringmnualuse. ~ncaseswherea -, 1eak-paminCreased pressure differential will not build up until they began leaking all because of the free-flm thmugh a filter, over (at the searas, araund therquimmt of demnstmting the nails, etc.) at 9 psi. In each retention of contents rrmxst still be met. case, no sand was released, so For a package that breathes (does not hold these padcagiqs passed for 11.2 psi) , such as a wooden box, one must mrm 2 ami 3 materials (which demnstrate that, even with breathing, the is That they were evaluated contentswillberetairled. otherwl'se, a for). In all cases, fluores- separateinnercorrtairmaent capable of Illeeting cein was detected, but again, the=iUC&presSUre~ ism. this s@1y the packaging Desi-, -tester, anl evaluator to do and cannot be authorized for Form 1 shi- responsibility to ensure. materials. This does not pre- sent a problem since the boxes were never intemled for use . -.._ with Form 1materials, "and each evaluation states that Form 1 materials are "Nut authorized without separate contzdnment testedtoTypeA- with appmpriate documentation." *. This test method, rais- the irrtemdl pressure to 9-11 psi and it for several minutes , is very ccolsewative. This is because, in tyansport, any pressure differentd' -be equilibrated very slowly, arrd the strwag drivhg force in this test would nut exist.

TvPeofWoodenBax/ principal User Model/Size Test/AnalYsis 7A-217 These packagirgs are authorized only Pass Authorized only for Fbrm 3 7A-375 for Form 3 materials. Test results materials. 7A-670 discussedinthissectiandamrr- 7A-880 strate that Form 3 materials 7A-995 would nut be released. 7A-1315 Flush Panel Test data on Similar packagiIgS as Pass Authorized only for Form 2 4 ftx4 ftx7ft discussed below d€mmstmte that axd 3 materials. Fbm 2 axd 3 materials adnut be released as a result of this test. lKmm MA-1 Tests data on similar paclcagings as Pass Authorized only for Form 2 Configuration A MA-2 discussed in this table denm- axd 3 materials. MA-3 Strate that Form 2 an3 3 ma-ials would nat be released as a result of this test.

C-25 6

TABLEC-3 (conthed)

Test/AnalYsis Results cowments m MB-1 Tests cxmdu&@ onMB-1, 2, 3, pass merewasnoreleaseof configuration B MB-2 4, and 5 with flour, fluorescein, Form 2 (or 3 by extrapo- MB-3 andsarvlascontmts. mepackage lation) ccartents. lhus, MB-4 was pressurized to 9 and these PaCkag%F are MB-5 11.2 psi, and an equilibrium (es- authorized for Form 2 MB-6 cape vs. inpt) was achieved and and 3 materials. held for 1-2 mh. Air leaked OutalmOstinmEdia~y. Fluor- esceinwas detected in all cases, w in no instance wassand detect&. m Mc-1 Tests data on similar packagings as pass Authorized only for Form 2 configuration C E-2 discussed in this table demn- and 3 materials. E-3 strate that Form 2 and 3 materials E-4 wmld nut be released as a result E-5 of this test. lmuND MD-1 Tests wem amduct& on -1, 2, 3, pass There was no release of configuration D MI32 4, 5, and 6 with flour, fluoreSCein, Form2 (or3byextrapo- m-3 andsandaswntents. Thepackage lation) ccartents. Thus, MD-4 was pressurized to between 9 and these Packagings MD-5 11.2 psi, and an equilibrium (es- authorized for Form 2 MD-6 ape vs. input) was achieved and and 3 materials. held for 1-2 min. Air leaked aut almosthudately. Fluorescein wasdetectedinallcases,butin nolnstance was sanddetected.

C-2 6 ". ~ _.-: . LI - c TABLEC-3 (continued)

Type of wooden Box/ princiml User Model/Size Results (xmmlts laxnnl ME-1 TestSweremanal1three pass aLerewasnoreleaseof Qmfiguratian E ME-2 models with flour, fluorescein, Form 2 (or 3 by extrapo- ME-3 andsandasconkmts. Thepackage lation) wntents. Thus, was pressurized to between 9 and these pamgirU3s 11.2 psi, and an equilibrium (es- authorized for Form 2 cape vs. input) was achieved and and 3 mawials. held for 1-2 min. Air leaked out almrostinlmdla*my. Fluorescein was detected in all cases, but in mlnstance was sand detected. In summary, 13 of the Mourd series boxes wre tested and passed this test for Form 2 and 3 materials. These tests denmstnte that all of the boxes in this sectian would .I&eet this requirenrent for Form 2 & 3 materials.

NLC) Family 04214 lhese packagirqs are authorized pass Authorized only for Form 3 of Boxes 0-4245 only for mrm 3 materials. me Id32.riELlS. 04255 testresultsdiscussed inthis 04273 section demmstrate that Fom 3 04292 materials wmld nut be released. Y-l2 B-1 lhese packagirgs are authorized Pass Authorized only for Form 3 Series B B-2 only for Form 3 materials. Test materials. B-3 results discussed in this section B-4 dexmstmte that mrm 3 materials B-5 &d not be -Based. B-6 B-7 B-8

C-27 Y-12 PF-1 These packaghp are authorized only Pass Authorized only for Form 3 Picture l%ames PF-2 for Form 3 materials. Test results materials. PF-3 aiscussea in this section denan- PF-4 strate that Form 3 materials wmld PF-5 not be released. PF-6 PF-7 PF-8

Rocky Flats configuration 1 These packaghp are authorized anly pass Authorized only for Fonm 3 RA series for Form 3 materials. Test results materials. configuration 1 discussed in this section demnstrate that Form 3 mterMs would nut be released.

C-28

I c

PACKAGING CATM;ORY mm BOXES (j) Each valve thnxgh whi& Desiqner todoandshimer responsibility Nom of these packagings the radioactive mntents to ensure. have valves. CCIuld 'escape isprotectedagainst damage and UMUthorized aperation and, except for a pressure relief device, has an enc1Oflll"e to retain any leakage;

(k) Any radiation shield ?he shield shall be securely closed or, Nme of these packagings that encloses a CCBnponent by way of packasins wig?, ensure have shieldirq as decribed. of the packagirq specified againstescapeofaamtammk aspartofthe- systc3n capormt. One -le is a package will prevent the 'anal with cellatex on top of a lead shield escape of that cmponmt with a press-fit lid in which closure frmn the shield; of the cellotex holds the lid in place. ?heshippermustmakesure that under the tests prescribed in 173.465 there will be no mamange- merit of the original wntahnmt/shield orimtation. Desimer, tester, evaluator todoandshim responsibility to ensure. (1) Failure of any ti- Desimer, tester, evaluator to do and None of these packagings atta-t on the pack- shimer respansibility to ensure. have ti- attadmmb aging under exessive load as described. will nut impair the ability of the package to meet uther requiremnents of this subpart;

C-29 173.412 - AJDITIm DESIGN FOR TYPE A PACKAGES In addition lx meeting the gene.ral design requirements prescribed in 173.411, each Type A packaging shall be designed so that:

(a) The smallest averall ex- Desisner to do and shipper responsibility Asshmonthesktches ternal dimension of the package to ensure. and as given in the packaging is nut less than 10 cerrti- description in MLM-3245, all meters (4 in.); packagings meet this mquire- mE?,nt.

(b) The autside of the packaghq For this I the pa-- Wisner may There are acoeptable ap im=orporates a feature, such as a need to be skilled and creative. W is espec- pmaches to wnpliance for seal, that is not readily break- ially true for packages such as fibertx>ard all evaluated pachgixqs. It able, that, while intact, is cartonsandwmdenboxes. Apadlockisrmt is the Shimer's t-espan- evidence that the package has not effective as a security seal. It is not sibility to ensure cumpli- -opened. Inthecaseof possible with mDst types of padlocJcs to asce.~ ancewiththis 3qubmmt. packages shipped in exclusive use tain if they have been illicitly opened. one closed transport vehicles, the acceptable appmach tmard meeting this mquire- cargo CCBnpartment may be sealed ment is serially rnrmbered lead- seals, or, instead of the Mvidual pack- inthecaseof fiberkmd Packages, a of ages ; sufficient adhesive strmgth to agethe f- b~arduponrenmal. Desimer to do an3 shim responsibility to ensure.

(c) As far as practicable, the me intent is to minimize the rnrmber and All evaluated packagixqs external surfaces are free froan nature of protrusions by consideration lQeetthis re@ment. protrusions and are designed so during design and/or as a result of any that they can be easily decon- modifications to the packaging. Desisner tamiraated; to do and shim responsibility to ensure.

I e

PACKAGING

(4 and §hielding lhis does not mean any of the tests mematerials (fibdmaml, wouldbe-- ' duringtrans- necessarily be perfom at the temperature metal strips, nails, portation and storage in a tem- -. [Nd: 173.461(b).] The regula- gaskets, etc.) Udnot perature range of -4OOC (-409) tions allow the assunption that the packaging beccm exoessively brittle to +7OoC (+l589) with acwunt is in equilibrium at 38OC prior to at -4OOC and all gasbts taken of the possibilities of one mLlst evaluate the packaging cxmpmmb with usednaetthis-. brittle frac'hxe; respect to behavior at the tenperature extnims None of these packagings under conditions incidental to transportation are authorized for liquids, (i.e., the jiggles, baunces, and bumps nor- so this Equhmat isnot mally in transportation). Gaskets applicable. Tenperatures arrd packaging- ccmpnmk need to be evaluated of +7OoC wmld not dt to deterrrmEe' if they will becume excessively in any significant demezke brittle at -409. This may be accaplished by in integrity, as shuwn __ actual testing, referring to pmperty of material in property of materials tables, obtamng.I data frosaranufacturers, etc. tables. The shipper rrmst consider such things as f-ing of liquid cmtents and evaluate the effect to ensure continued integrity. The shipper mLlst also- consider the buildup of pressure at elevated tenperatues and ensure cmtimed containment. Desiqner, tester, and evaluator to doandshi?mer respcolsibility to ensure. (e) It is able to withstand the rlypically, one uses actual experience as a guide. Ekperience has consistently effects of any acceleration, vi- If experience is not available, one normally uses denonstrated that these pack- bration msomnce that may arise a ccanparison to a similar packaging with an exper- agings or similar designs during normal transportation, ience profile. If this isn't possible, vibra- amply with this without any deterioration of tion testing can be performed. ?he purpose me shimex nolstensurethe the effectiveness of closing de- of this section is to prevent the loosenirrg of applicatian of quality assur- vices or of the intetgrity of nuts, bolts, and containment devices urder con- ance necessary to achieve the package as a whole and ditions incident to ruutine transportation. !&- this-. without loosening or uninten- siqner, tester, and evaluator to do and tional release of nuts, bolts, shi?mer responsibility to ensure. or ather securing devices even after repeated use;

c-3 1 PACKAGING (XTEGORY GUIDANCE FOR APFLZCATION l?IBERBQARDm"ms

(f) It includes a cantairmrent l%rew-typ" closures can qualify. All packagirmgs evaluated syster securely closed by a posi- "Friction fit" rnrmllv does nat qualify. meetthisrequirement, as tive fastming device that cannot Security clips on cans could be acceptable. shuwn on the sbtches or in be opened unintentionally or by However, one cannot d- on friction alone. the packaging descriptions. pressure that may arise within the mi-, -tester, and evaluator to do and I package during normal transport. shipper respansibiity to ensure. spedial form, as damstrated in accordance with 173.469, may be considered as a cxaaponerrt of the amtairrment system;

(9) The materials of the packag- Desi- todoandshim respcolsibility ShiDl3e.r respansibility to ingandanyccrmpol.lentsorstruc- to ensure. ensure. tures are physically and chad- cally ccanpatible with each other l and with the con-, taking into accclunt the behavior of each under I irradiation;

I (h) For each caponat of the con- Desi- todoandshiw2r responsibility shiw2r responsibility to tairrmentsystem,accauntistaken to ensure. ensure.

where applicable of,radiolytic de- i ccrmposition of materials and the generation of gas by chemical reaction armd radiolysis; (i)me contairmbent system will The co systerisdefinedas Ekcept for LLllL's package, retain its radiactive amtents the to retain the radio- thistestwasnotcondudA ambient active=- CQntentS during transportation. Thus, on any of the f- under the -&ion of pressure to 0.25 kilograms per one starts by identifying the containmmt packagings since they okwicusly centimeter (3.5 lb/ system. lple radiative contents must be are not leak tight. With the 7In* 1 qletely retained in the contairrment SYS- exception of the IJNL package if the package is subjected to meed prwiously mentioned, these pressure. A filtered packag- is possible as packagings are authorized only long as it can be demnstrated that the filtered for Form'3 materials. Since package will retain the contents and that the Form 3 materials by definition filter is nut susceptible to damage frm any have no dispersible contamina- c c

GuImNcE Fat APPIJmoN crther tests. Caution shald be exercised to tion, a movement of air frena e3lsurethattheamtentsandirrterndL insidemepackagetothe packagiq mqonenb (i.e., plastic boxes, outsidewmldhavenoadverse etc.) will mt effectively seal the filter -. Thus, all these duriqnonnaluse. Incaseswherea packag- authorized for only pressure diffemltlal' willnotbuildup Form 3 material would because of the free-flow through a filter, thislqukmmt.. therequirement of demonstrating the retention of contents must still be met. For the one -on, the ILNL For a package that breathes (does not hold pacming, two separate(No. 10 cans), 11.2 psi), su& as a wodm box, one nust metal CO- - demnstrate that, evm with breathirrg, the were tested in a bell jar as- cantentswillberetained. Otherwise,a Senblyandpassed. Thelnetal separate inrErwId3hmt capable of meetirrg inraerco&kmer', (- the?32dUCdpressUrerequiremerrt ism. system)-- ina Desimer, tester, anl evaluator to do and beaker of water inside a bell shilmer vibilityto ensure. jar for app&tely 5 min, aril the pressure inside the bell jar ws reduced to 3.6 psi. The water was checked for bubbles and, in both cases, nclneseredetected. arms, the metal inner container (No. 10 =wpasSed--byitself.

(j) Each valve through which Desimer to do and shim responsibility None of these packaghgs the radioactive corrtents to ensure. have valves. CCIuld 'escape is pmtected against damage and unauthorized operation and, for a pressure relief -ice, has an enclosure to retain any leakage:

c-33 Q

(k) Any radiation shield The shield shall be securely closed or, None of these packagings that encloses a CCBnponent by way of packaging design, ensure have shielding as decribed. of the packaging specified against escape of a COntaurmM't as part of the containment system capnent. one exarmrple is a package will prevent the dntent~'onal with cellatex on tcp! of a lead shield escape of that amlp0nen.t with a press-fit lid in which closure fmthe shield: of the cellatex holds the lid in place. Theshippermstmakesure that urikrthe tests prescribed in 173.465 there will be no rearrange- ment of the original contairmbent/shield orientation. Desimer, tester, evaluator todoandshimer responsibility to ensure.

(1) Failure of any Wisner, -tester, evaluator to do and None of these packagings attachment on the pack- shim respansibility to ensure. have tiedckJn attachments aging excessive load as described. will nut impair the ability of the package to meet athermquhmnb of this subpart.

c-34 c c 173.412 - ADDITICNAL DESIGN RecpnxlEMEwrs FDFt TYPE A PACKAGES In addition to meet- the general. design prescribed in 173.411, each Type A packaging shall be designed so that:

(a) The smallest overall ex- Desimer to do and shim responsibility Asshcklnonthesketches ternal dimnsion of the package to ensure. and as given in the packaging is nat less than 10 cerrti- description in MLM-3245, all meters (4 in.); packagiqs meet this requirement.

(b) The autside of the packaging For this , the package designer may There are acceptable ap incorporates a feature, such as a need to be skilled and aeative. is espec- proaches to axpliance for seal, that is laot readily break- ially tme for packages such as f- all ewaluated packaginp. It able, and that, while intact, is carbnsandwoodenboxes. Apadlockisnot is the shim's Irespon- evidence that the package has nat effective as a security seal. It is nat sibility to ensure ccaapli- beenapened. Inthecaseof possible with mDst types of padlocks to ascerc ancewiththis?quhEnt. packages shim in exclusive use tain if they have been illicitly opened. one closed transport vehicles, the acceptable vchtoward meeting this require- cargo ccarp?artment may be sealed ment is serially rnrmbered lead-wire seals, or, instead of the individual pack- inthecaseof fjhrbazd Packages, a tape of ages ; sufficient adhesive strerrgth to damage the fiber- boarduponremovdl. Desisner to do and shim responsibility to ensure. (c) As far as practicable, the Ihe intent is to minimize the number and All evaluated packagings extemal surfaoes are free froan nature of protrusions by consideration meetthisnqhment. pmtrusions and are designed so during design and/or as a result of any that they can be easily decal- modifications to the packaging. Desisner taminated; to do and shim responsibility to ensure.

c-35 PACKAGING CATEGORY GUIDANCE FOR AppL;TcATIoN uF-6 CYIJNDERS (dl and shielding ThisdcesnatTaeananyofthetestsmust Metals used in these cylinaers wouldbe maintained during trans- necessarily be perfonned at the tenperatme will not becane excessively portation and storage in a tern- ext-3.enaes. [Note: 173.461(b).] The regula- brittle at -4OOC and all perature range of -4OOC (-40%) tions allw the assunption that the packaging gasketsusedalsomeetthis to +7OoC (+158%) with account is in equilibrium at 38OC prior to test-. rquhmnt. Nom of-;these taken of the possibilities of one must evaluate the packaging coqmerb with packagings are authorized brittle fractures; respect to behavior at the temperature extxems for liquids, so freezing under conditions incidental to transportation of contents is not a concern. (i.ee, the jiggles, bounces, and bunp nor- Temperatuxes of +7OoC will mally enaclmrtered in trawportation). Gaskets nat result in any signifi- and packaging cxqxxmk need to be evaluated cantdemeasein- todetemme' if they will became excessively integriw, as show in brittle at -40%. This may be acccqlished by pmperty of materials tables. actual testing,.. referring to praperty of material tables, c&Ymnmg data fmnmnufacb.n=rs, etc. &e shipper must consider such thirrgs as freezing of liad ccoltents and evaluate the effect to ensure continued containmat integrity. The shipmust also consider the buildup of pressure at elevated te;mperatures and ensure continued can- tairmpent. Desiqner, tester, anl evaluator to do and shim responsibility to ensure. (e) It is able to withstam3 the Typically, one uses actual experience as a guide. Expexience has consistently effects of any acceleration, If experience is not available, one normally uses dennmtmw that these pack- vibration, or vibration resonance a CcBnpariSon to a similar packaging with an agings or similar desi. that my arise during normal ience profile. If this isn't possible, vibra- canply with this requirement. transportation, without any tion testing can be performed. purpose The shim must ensure the deterioration of the effectiveness of this section is to prevent the 1- of application of quality assur- of closing devices or of the in- nuts, bolts, and containment &Aces under con- ance necessary to achieve tegrity of the package as a whole ditions incident to routine transportation. i&- this reqhlmt. and without locening or uninten- siqner, tester, and evaluator to do and tional release of nuts, bolts, shimer responsibility to ensure. or other securing devices even after repeated use;

C-36

I (f) It includes a %cnw+pd~ closures can qualify. All packagirrgs evaluate3 system securely closed by a posi- Vriction fit" nonnallv does not qualify. meetthis- r= tive fasteniq device that cannot Security clips on cans cmld be acceptable. shclwnonthesbtchesorin bem- ionally or by ~er,ane cannat on friction alone. the packagimj desmiptions. pressure that may arhwithin the Desiuner, tester, and evaluator to do and package during mnnal transport. shim responsibility to ensure. special form, as damstrated in accordance with 173.469, may be considered as a caplent of the wntamnent Wst=: (9) 'Ihe materials of the packag- Desimer t~ do and shim respansibility shiprser nqmsibility to ingandanycapnenborstnrc- to ensure. ensure. tures are physically and chemi- cally ccanpatible with each uther andwiththeconbnts,takirrgb account the behavior of each irradiation:

(h) For each umpment of the can- Desimer to do and shim responsibility shim responsibility to tainnmt system, account is taken to ensure. ensure. where applicable of radiolytic de- cclmposition of matdals and the generation of gas by &emid reaction and radiolysis: (i)The containment system will The systemisdefinedas All cylinaers are designed to retain its radioactive contats toretaintheradio- withstand pmssures far in under the reduction of ambient *=-active mntents duriq transportation. lhus, excess of 11.2 psi. Ihe mini- pressure to 0.25 kilograms per one starts by identifying the Contsinmerrt narm service pressure for any of centitneter (3.5 lb/ system. Ihe radiative ccatents must be these cylinders is 100 psig and wl-n. )I -1-y ' in the containment system exterds up to 200 psig for nine if the package- is subjected to reduced of the cylinders. pressure. A filtered packaging is possible as lqas it can be demnstrated that the filtered package will retain the contents and that the filter is not susceptible to damage

c-37 PACKAGING CA!IEGORY UF-6 CKUWEXS

fmany other tests. Caution should be ~isedtoensurethat~amtentsand irrtenaal packaging ccrmponents (i.e., plastic boxes, etc.) will not effectively seal the filter during mnnal use. ~ncases where a pressure differential will not build up because of the free-flaw through a filter, the reqUirement of denmnStratirrg the retention of cuntmts mst still be met. For a package that breathes (does not hold 11.2 psi), suc31 as a wuoden box, one nlust c33mEkmte that, wen with breathing, the corrtents will be &An&. otherwise, a separate inner cmhhmnt capable of meeting the pressure requirement is required. Desiqner I-tester, and evaluator to do and shi- responsibility to ensure. (j) Each valve thnugh which Desimer to do and shiw responsibility Each valve is protected the radioactive contents to ensure. against damage, sealed against could atherwise escape unauthorized aperation, and is pmtected against capped to retain any leakage. damage and unauthorized operation and, except for a pressure relief device, has an enclosure to retain any leakage; (k) Any radiation shield The shield shall be securely closed or, None of these packag- that encloses a ccgnponent by way of packaging design, ensure have shielding as decribed. of the packaging specified against escape of a amtamnm't as part of the contairmbent wst=m component. one example is a padcage will prwerrt the uninterrtional with cellatex on tap of a lead shield escape of that component with a press-fit lid in which closure frum the shield; of the cell- holds the lid in PACKAGING cATE)GoRy UF-6 place. Th!e&ipnulstmsure that UrKkr the tests prescribed in 173.465 dlbe 110 rearrange ment of the original -/shield orientation. Desicmer, tester, evaluator to do and shim responsibility to ensure. (1) Failure of any tie-dawn Desi-, -tester, evaluator to do an3 only one amfiguration attachment an the pack- shim responsibility to ensure. (48-in. Cyl-) Uses/ aghg under excessive load incorporates tie-duwn attach- will nut impair the ability ments. Table C-4 shuws the of the package to meet calculated safety factors and otherrequirements of this thefailuremodeanalyses. In sum=-t* all cases, it was -ted that the lug wmld fail, not theCy1m. aws, the integrity of the cylm wxddnotbeimpaired.

weight Calculated CVl* -u!L Safety Factor Result

48X 25,530 l2 Pass 48Y 32 ,760 10 Pass 48G 30 ,600 10 Pass 48H 31,190 10 Pass 48HX 31,190 10 Pass

c-39 173.412 - ADDITI- DFSIGN FOR TYPE A PACKAGES

III addition to meeting the general design prescribed in 173.411, each Type A packaging shall be designed so that:

(a) The smallest overall ex- Desisner to do and shimer responsibility Asshcrwnonthesketches ternal dimension of the package to ensure. & as given in the packagm is not less than 10 centi- description in MLM-3245, all meters (4 in.); packagings meet this requirement . (b) The autside of the packaging For this , the package designer may There are acceptable ap- incorporates a feature, such as a need to be skilled & creative. This is espec- proaches to ccmpliance for seal, that is not readily break- idly true for packages such as fbexbard all evaluated packagings. It able, and that, while intact, is cartonsandwoodenboxes. Apadlockisnot is the shimergsrespon- evidence that the package has not effective as a security seal. It is nut sibility to ensure ccmpli- beenopened. Inthecaseof possible with mst types of padlocks to ascer- ance with this -. packages shim in exclusive use tain if they have been illicitly opened. One closed transport vehicles, the acceptable approach towanl nee- this require- cargo cxaaparhaent may be sedled xent is serially Tnrmbered lead-wire seals, or, instead of the individual pack- inthecaseof fibertx>ard packages, atapeof ages; sufficient adhesive streregth to damage the fiber- boarduponremoval. Desiqner to do & shipper responsibility to ensure. (c) As far as practicable, the The intent is to minimize the number am3 All evaluated packagings externdL surfaces are free fxum nature of protrusions by consideration m2et this 3quinm&. protrusions and are designed so during design and/or as a result of any that they can be easily decon- modifications to the packaging. Desiqner taminated; to do and shim responsibility to ensure. (dl and shiela cmis does nat mean any of the tests nolst mematerials (wood, caulk- wouldbe-- ' duringtrans- necessarily be perfo& at the temperature ing, metal strips, nails, portation and storage in a tezn- extremes. [Nd: 173.461(b).] ?he regula- gaskts, etc.) wouldnot perature range of -4OOC (-40%) tions allw the assuption that the packaging becoarne excessively brittle to +7OoC (+158%) with account is in ecpilibrim at 38OC prior to testirq. at -4OOC. Temperatures taken of the possibilities of one must evaluate the packaging CxaapOIhents with of +7OoC muld not result brittle fractue; respect to behavior at the tenperature extrems in any significarrt decrease umkr cattitions incidental to transportation in integrity either, as shown (i.e., the jiggles, bounces, and bumps no^ in property of materials mally enwwhxd in transportation). Gaslets tables. ?he&iF3?ermust and packaging cmpmlts need to be evaluated ensure that, if the cattmts todebnume* if they will become excessively freeze, no rupture of-- brittle at -40%. This may be acccanp?lished by carrtai?Eerwilloccwe. In actual testing, referring to property of material addition, the shipper must tables, obtzmmg.. data fraanmararfackrrers, etc. muate the paterrtial for Ihe shipper must consider such thirrgs as freezing pressure buildup at elwated of liquid ccoltents and evaluate the effect to t=E==-* ensurecmtlmed- integrity. ?he shipper must also consider the buildup of pressure at elevated temperatures and ensure cmtimed con- tairnaent. miqner, tester, and duator to do and shim responsibility to ensure. (e) It is able to withstard the Typically, one uses actual aqeri- as a +de. Experience has consistentlY effects of any acceleration, vi- If experience is not available, one llonaally uses dezrrmstrated that these pack- bration resomince that may arise a caparbto a similar packaging with an exper- agings or similar designs during nonual transportation, ience profile. If this isn't possible, vibra- ccmlply with this requiremerrt. without any deterioration of tion testixq can be perfod. Ihe purpose me shim nnzst-the the effectiveness of closing de- of this section is to pment the loosenhg of application of quality assu~ vices or of the irrtetgrity of nuts, bolts, and- ' t devices under cm- ance to achieve the package as a whole and ditians incident to rcruth transportation. @ this -t. without loosening or uninten- si-, tester, and evaluator to do and tional release of nuts, bolts, Shiimer responsibility to ensure. or other securing devices even after repeated use:

C-4 1 PACKAGING GUIlMNcE FOR APPL;TCA!I'ION LImE AND GASES

(f) It includes a wntahwk ~~screw-type~~c~oflxres can qualify. All packagings waluat€d system securely closed by a posi- "FricTtion fit" normally does not qualify. meetthisrequirement r= tive faStening device that cannot Security clips on cans could be acceptable. shmonthesketchesorin beapened unintentionally or by wer,one cannot deptad on friction ala. the packaging descriptions. pressure that may arise within the Desi-, -tester, and evaluator to do and package during mnnal transport. shimer responsibility to ensure. Special fom, as demonstrated in amomwith 173.469, may be considexed as a CcWpQnent of the containmat system: (9) The materials of the packag- Desimer todoandshim responsibility shim responsibility to ing and any ccrmponents or struc- to ensure. ensure. tures are physically and chemi- cally ccanpatible with each other andwiththecontentsf takinginto account the behavior of each under irradiation;

(h) For each capcant of the con- Desimer todoandshiPcer responsibility shi- responsibility to ta- system, account is taken to ensure. ensure. where applicable of radiolytic de- ccrlnposition of materials and the generation of gas by chemical reaction and radiolysis: (i)The containment system will me mntahmt system is defined as Msanalysis requires a more retain its radioactive contents the c€apm&s intended to retain the radio- detailed discussion to provide under the reduction of ambient active conten& clurhg transportation. Thus, adequate informatiohm See pressure to 0.25 kilcgrams per one starts by identifying the containment Table C-5. ce.n*ter (3.5 lb/ system. The radioative c0nten;ts nust be rm. )I cmpletely retained in the con-t system if the package is subjected to mduced A filtered packagm is possible as long as it can be demonstrated that the filtered package will retain the contents and that the filter is not susceptible to damage fran any other tests. Caution should be exercised to

C-42 c c TABLE c-5

Glass buttle with Screw ltJl0 of these glass buttles Pass cap withcapsscrewedanbym wereunrerted inamof watex, aril a vacuum was drawn (3.6 psi). After 5 min there was m evidence of leakage (bubbles in the water). Also, the metdl drum itself passed--P=== test,sometestsmthe battlesadnothavebeen required. IASL Fmbaotwith inner Irrnerleadcmhinerwith Iheinnerleadcmtaherwas Pass lead ccartainer =-+=Pcap~o-riw irnrerted in a beaker of water, seal arvl a vacuum was drawn (3.6 pi) After5min,therewasm evidence of leakage (bubbles in the water).

3A-1800 Each of the Cylinaers was pres- Pass 3E-1800 surized before be- sent to McnllxL mepressurewas nrsasuredineachoaLep receipt and averaged appd- mtely 92 psig per cylider. !mese data am3 the fact that the semi- pressure is 1800 psis demnstnted capliance with the 11.2. psi

c-43 TAXE c-5 (Conthed)

-/size Test/Analysis Results

ORNL Fibertx>ard box for Glass bottles with plaS- Four to six bottles of each size Pass liquids and solids tic !zcn?w-top caps: wlere inverted in a glass bea)ter of water in a bell jar. The 15mL-6tested presfllre was reduced (vacuum dram) 25&-6- to 3.6 psis and held for 5 min. 50mL-5teSted There was no leakage (bubbles in 100 mL - 4 tested the water) in any case.

Fib&XEUd box for ~auranpules of each size were Pass gases innmxed in water in a glass beak- 2cc-4tested er inabell jar. Thepressure 5cc-4tested was reduced (vacuum dram) to 3.6 1occ-4tested psig an3 held for 5 nh. There 20 cc - 4 tested was no leakage (bubbles in the water) inanycase. FibertxMzd box for Glass bottles with PIS- ~cxlrto six bottles of each size Pass L r I, 1iqui.a-and solids with tic scxew-top caps: were.mverted inaglassbeaker shielw of water in a bell jar. The See abme pressure was IEChced (vacuum drawn) to 3.6 psig and held for 5 nh. There was no leakage (bubbles in the water) in any case.

ORNL zAluminum clad wood bax Four to six bottles of each size Pass (returnable) wlereuNerted inaglasshakr of water in a bell jar. The pYx?s!mm was l3duced (vacuum drawn) to 3.6 psig and held for 5 min. There was no leakage (bubbles in the water) in any case.

c-44 c. e TABLE c-5 (conthed)

Gas cylinaers in return- Gas Cyl* as listed on Ea& of these cylirrliers is de- Pass able plastic boxes pages F-31, 32, and 36 signed for aryl tested at pres- sures well above 11.2 psi.

c-45 GUIDANCE FOR APPLICATION ensure that the cmtents and irrtenaal packaging capmnts (i.e., plastic boxes, etc.) will not effectively seal the filter duringnormluse. Incases-a presfllre differential will not build up because of the free-flaw through a filter, themquimmt of demnstrathg the retention of omfxtnts must still be met. For a package that bmm(does not hold 11.2 psi) , such as a moden box, one must demnstrate that, even with breathing, the contentswillberetained. cXhen&e la separate inner cxmwmE& capable of meeting the reduced pressure reqhxmt isrequired. Desi-, -tester, and evaluator to do and shiw responsibility to ensure.

(j) Each valve through which Desiqner to do and shipper responsibility nJ0 packagings in this the radioactive wntents to ensure. category have valves as could othexwise escape described belaw: is pmtected against damage (1) m Gas cvlinaers These ard unauthorized aperation cylinaers are packaged in a and, except for a pressure 17H 30- steel drum, which relief device, has an enclo- provides the physical pratec- sure to retain any leakage; tion and pmtects against mu- thorized operation. The 17H 30- drum also pmvides an enclosure to retain any leakage. mre positively, each valve outlet is capped to retain any leakage. (2) ORNL Gas cvlirders Each cylinder has a protective cap and is sealed against UMUthorized aperation. The threaded caps also retain any leakage.

- c ~' C-46

I (k) Any radiation shield The shield shall be securely closed or, that encloses a ampnent by way of packaging wig?, of the packaging specified against escape of a arbmmnt- aspartoftheconrtairmrent sYstf= cmpcrmt. one -le is a package will prevent the tlnirrtentional with cellatex on tap of a lead shield escape of that c%2qmmt with a press-fit lid in which closure frcan the shield; of the cellatex holds the lid in place. %shippermustmakesum that under the tests prescribed in 173.465 there dlbe we- merit of the original mnMment/shield orientation. Desimer, tester, evaluator to do and shimer responsibility to enswe.

Only a few padcages have a design fitting this crittxion. lhese are: Results

LASL fibertx>ard bax Innerleadco3ltairaer As Shawn .h the sketch on p. F-6, pass with inner lead (2-in. 0.d.) with theinnermntah~isheldin shielded cmtabxs saw-cap and O-ring place by a lid with three bolts. 4. lhus, the outer shield is securely closed. mexe was no r€armxqm during the tests specified 173.465.

ORNL fib&maId baxes lass ampile or bottle As shown On pp. F-20 and 21, the p&- pass with shielded inner withscrewcapanda aghq coqxmm& are firmly held in containers sealedmetdlcan. place by the sealed metal can.

ORNLalUmiranaclad Gl- battle and the As Shawn On p. F-26, the 2R conkher pass ~bax 2R(xmbimm. is held in place by the bolt closue lid of the stainless steel-clad lead carrier.

c-47 6

PackacTinq Containrmerrt Swtm Analvsis Results

ORNL gas cylinder T!E cylhder itself. AS shcrwn an pp. F-31, 32, and 36, the pass lead shielding, when used, fills the void between the inner and outer wall and PW- escape*

(1) Failure of any tie-down Nolle of these pa&ghgS have attachment on the pack- tie-dm attachments as aging under excessive load described. will not impair the ability of the package to mt other n4uhmmb of this =Q?=t*

C-48

I 173.412 - DITIOPU& DESIW FCIR TYPE A PACKAGES rn addition to meetimj the general design requiremerrts prescribed in 173.411, each Type A packaging shall be designed so that:

(a) The smallest averdl1 ex- Desiqner todoandshimer responsibility Asshumanthesketches ternal dimension of the package to errsure. and as given in the packaging is not less than 10 centi- description in MIM-3245, all meters (4 in.); &.packagings IEet this require-

(b) The autside of the packaging For this , the package designer may ?here are acceptable-ap inaxprates a feature, such as a need to be skilled and creative. This is espec- proaches b ccmplian& for seal, that is not readily break- ially true for packages such as fibertxwd all evdLuated padcagitqs. It able, and that, while intact, is cartonsand~boxes.Apadlockisnut is the shiw's rspon- evidence that the package has nut effective as a security seal. It is not sibility to ensure ccwpli- beenopened. Inthecaseof possible with ltlDst types of padlocks to aster ancewiththis requiremerrt. packages shim in exclusive use tain if they have been illicitly opened. One closed transport vehicles, the acceptable approach tclward meeting this require- cargo CCnnparhIzerrt may be sealed ment is serially rnrmbered leadwire seals, or, instead of the individual pack- inthecaseof f- packags, a tape of ages; sufficient adhesive strength to damage the fiberboard upon remval. Desimer to do and responsibility to ensure.

(c) AS far as practicable, the he intent is to minimize the rnrmber and All evaluaw packagings external surfaces are free froan nature of pmtrusions by consideration meetthisrequirenrent. protrusions and are designed so during design and/or as a result of any that they can be easily decon- dficatians to the packaging. Desimer taminated; todoandshim responsibility to ensure.

c-49 PACKAGING CATEKBY GUIDANCE FOR AppI;IcATIoN MIscEuAtmm (d) Containment and del- Thisdoesmtmeanqofthetestsm Thematerials (wood, caulking, would be maintained during trans- necessarily be performed at the temperature metal straps, Mils, gaskets, portation and storage in a tem- extrmes. [Nub: 173.461(b).] The regula- etc.) would not beams exces- perature range of -4OOC (-40%) tions allw the that the packaging sively brittle at -4OOC. to +7OoC (+158%) with account is in equilibrium at 38 C prior to test-. lkmperatures at +7O0C..~d taken of the possibilities of one must evaluate the packaging cmponents with not result in any significant brittle fracture; respect to behavior at the temperature extmnes decrease incontahnent -- under conditions incidental to transportation rity, as shown in property of (i.e., the jiggles, baunces, axd hnp~nor- material tables. mally encountered in transportation). Gaskets an3 packaging CCBlipanents need to be evaluated to desif they will became excessively brittle at -40%'. 'Ibis may be acccmplished by actual testing, referring to praperty of material tables, obfmnmg.I data froanmamfacturem, etc. The shipper must consider such things as freezing of liquid contents and evaluate the effect to ensure continued contahwnt integrity. The shipper must also consider the buildup of pressure at elevated teaperatures and ensure continued can- tairrment. Desimer, tester, and evaluator to do and shipper responsibility to ensure.

(e) It is able to withstand the Typically, one uses actual experience as a guide. Experience has consistently effects of any acceleration, If experience is not available, one normally uses demonstrated that these pack- vibration, or vibration xesomme a comparison to a similar packaging with an exper- agmor similar designs that may arise during rmmal ience profile. If this isn't possible, vibra- cxmlply with this requirement. transportation, without any tion testing can be performed. The purpose The ShilJPer muSterlSuethe deterioration of the effectiveness of this section is to prevent the loosening of application of cpality assur- of closing devices or of the in- nuts, bolts, and contaimmt devices under con- ance necessary to achieve tegrity of the package as a whole ditians incident to ruutine transportation. e- this -. and without loosening or uninten- siqner, tester, and evaluator to do and tional release of nuts, bolts, ShiPl3e.r responsibility to ensure. or other securing devices even after repeated use;

C-50

I e PACKAGING mY GUIDANCII FOR APPLICATION MIS- (f) It includes a wntamnm't %crew-typetl closures can qualify. All packagings evaluated system securely closed by a posi- tlFtiction fit1! normally does not qualify. meetthisrqlimmt1- tive fastenirrg device that cannut SecUrity clips on cans could be acceptable. shuwnonthesketchesorin beapened- idlyor by However, me cannot depend on friction alone. the packaging descriptions. pressure that may arise within the Desiqner, tester, and evaluator to do and package during normal transport. shiw respansibility to ensure. special form, as demonstrated in accordance with 173.469, may be considered as a cmpnent of the contairmaent System; (9) The materials of the packag- Desiqner todoandshiPPer responsibility shimfxresponsibility to ingandanyccarrponentsorstruc- to ensure. ensure. tures are physically and chemi- cally ccmpatible with each other and with the contents, taking into account the behavior of each under irradiation;

(h) For mch cmpnent of the m- Desimer todoandshiPPFx responsibility shipper responsibility to tainmerrtsystern,accauntistaken to ensure. ensure. where amlicable of radiolytic de- ccanposition of materials and the generation of gas by chemical reaction and radiolysis; (i)The contaiment system will The system is defined as See Table C-6. retain its radioactive contats to retain the radio- under mionof -=-active wntents during transportation. Thus, the ambient pressure to 0.25 kilograms per one starts by identifying the contairmrent centimeter (3.5 lb/ system. &e radioative contats must be r111. ), -1-y ' inthecontainmerrtsystenl if the package- is subjected to reduced pressure. A filtered packaging is possible as long as it can be demnstrated that the

C-51 containment Wstm Test/mwis Results me cavity of this padcaging was pass filled with a wawfluoreSCein solution. package was inverted in a bell jar and subjected to a reduced pressure of 3.6 psi for 5 min. upan capletion of the test there was visible no loss of cantents, and no loss was fd with a black lighL since the CCDTtents are 'Ibis test has little & since Pass restricted to special there is no loose contamination Form [ 49CFR 173.403 (2) 3 , available for dispersim or trans- this pravidestheam- fer. Thistestwasnot-, taimuent System. but ohriasly wuuld mset the criterion, if tested, of Wo Ir>ss of contenb." FEMA since the contents are This test has little reanirq since pass source overpack restricted to special thereisnoloosecorrtarmM' tim Fonn [49CFR 173.403 (2) 3 I available for dispersion or trans- this providesthecon- fer. Thistestwasnot--/ system. ohriowly wuuld meet the mi- - terion, if tested, of "NO Ir>ss of contenb." SNL Tritium Waste meinnercmtamer' wassubjected Pass package to a hmticpressure of 80 psi for 5 minwith no leakage.

C-52 .i PACKAGING CATEGORY MIS-s

filtered package will retain the contents and that the filter is not susceptible to damage frat any &her tests. CautiOn shcnild be exercised to ensure that the contents and internal packaging c0npnent.s (i.e. , plastic boxes, etc.) will not effectively seal the filter duritq normal use. In cases where a pressure differential Will nut build up because of the free-flow thmugh a filter, the of demnstmting the retention of Conterrts must still be met. For a package that bream (does nut hold 11.2 psi), such as a wwden box, one must demonstrate that, even with breathing, the Contents will be retained. otherwise, a separate inner contairjment capable of meeting the reduced prt=sure requirenaent is requind. Desiuner, tester, and evaluator to do andshiw -ibility to ensure.

(j) ~achvalve through which Desimer todoandshiwer responsibility The only packaging meeting the radioactive contents to ensure. this criterion is the SNL could otherwise escape Tritium Waste Package. The is protected against 171-130- drum prcrvides the damage and unauthorized physical P- 'on against operation and, except for unauthorized operation. The a presflzre relief device, asphalt which surmmds the hasanenclosureto entixe inner packaging and the retain any leakage: 17Hsteeldnrmwillretainany mntents.

c-53 0

PACKAGING CATEGORY

(k) Any radiation shield The shield shall be securely closed or, that encloses a compnmt by way of packagiq design, ensure of the packaging specified against escape of a cmtaix-nnent (spec. 55) .me as part of the contaimmt system ccpnpol.lent. One -le is a package packaging/shield- is one piece, will prevent the unirrtentional with cellotex on top of a lead shield so it is ca3viausly the contain- escape of that ccrmponent with a press-fit lid in which clcsure mentsystemalso. sincethe fmthe shield; of the cellatex holds the lid in containlnent system and the place. &eshippermustmaWsure radiation shield are all the that under the tests prescribed in -, they escape/ 173.465 there will be no rearrange- separate. - ment of the original containment/shield orientatian. Desimer, tester, evaluator todoandshimer responsibility to ensure.

(1) Failure of any tie-dawn Desimer, tester, evaluator to do and None of these paCkagin3.s attachment on the pack- shimer responsibility to ensure. have tie-down attachments aging under excessive load as described. will not impair the ability of the package to meet ather- of this subpart.

c-54 e SUMMARY OF TYPE A PACKAGING TESTS (49 CF'R 173.465)

The purpose of this Section is to prwide more details umcemhg the Type A packagw tests that wtxe conducted or against which the packages were myzed for cmpliance. The tests involved are: 1. Water Spray 2. Free Drop 3. Capressim 4. Fenetratim

These tests, test methods, and cktemma' tim of -/fail criteria are discussed at length in the MLM-3245 Introduction.

173.465 (a) The prcrposed packaging with proposed contents must be capable of wi- ' thetests prescribed in this section. one prototype may be used for all tests if the requbmmts of Param (b) of this section are caplied with. 0

WATERSPRAYTEST

(b) Water Spray Test. Major points. The water spray test must precede each (1) Must precede each test test or test sequeme prescribed (2) 2 in./hr in this section. The water spray test (3) I-hr duration shall simulate apcsure to rainfall of ap pmximately 5 centimeters (2 in.) per cxmMmks: hour for at least one hour. The the interval between the end of the water spray This is usually a conditioning of a package, testandthebeginningofthenexttest rather than a test as such. One would not ex- shall be such that the water has soaked in pect a less of contents or significant incnase to the mximm extent without appreciable in dose rate resulting frcgn just the water spray drying of the exterior of the specimen. test. Hubever, consideration must be given to the In the absence of evidence to the contrary, possibility of water leakage into the package with this interval may be assumed to be two haurs tabsequent transport of radioactive contents aut as if the water spray is applied frau four leakage. different directions simultaneously. Huwever, no time intend may elapse if the water Desimer, tester, evaluator to do an3 shim spray is applied froan ach of the four responsibility to ensure. directions consecutively.

. .- P2 c

In evaluating steel drums against this nquhmmt, one wmld ccolsider such things as: (1) The effect the water spray wmld have on the ability of the steel dnrms to meet the ather Spec 7A mo- -: (2) The potential for inleakage of water with the potential for transport of the doactive contents out of the packagings; (3) Because these same pa&gw are &leak tight, one wmld also expect them to prevent the inleakage of water such passive canditions as a water spray (rain). As shown in Table D-1, nine different types of steel drums (a total of 26 different packagings) were subject& to this test. In all cases, as one would expect based on materials ad methods of construction, closure mechanislrs, gaskets, & the painted surfaces, the water spray had no effect that could possibly be irrterpreted as decreasing the ability of the steel drum to meet all Spec 7A performance criteria. is not surprising since there are years of experience aenronstrating that lengthy expswes to rain have not had a negative effect on Cantahmnt integrity. In addition, in each of the 26 individual tests, a careful inspection demonstrated there was no Meakaqe of water as a result of these tests. Because these same packagings are air-leak tight, one would also expect them to prevent the inleakage of water under such passive coxtiitions as a water spray (rain).

AS a final point of minly academic discussion, since the steel drums are air-leak tight to begin with, in the unlikely went of an inleakage of water, it wmld be elyunlikely that this eqected n'thute quantity of water would leak aut. Thus, based on the test data below after ccnrparison of the similarity in materials d methods of construction of the untested steel drums, one can readily conclude that these steel dnmrs meet this L. TABLE D-1 specific Packacfhq Test/Analysis Results

Spece5-m By Ccanparison, this drum would meet this rqdnnmt. spec 10- By camparison, this drum would ltleet this mquhmmt. Spec 17C 5- By Camparison, this drum would meet this -. Spec 17C 30- By Ccnrparison, this drum admeet this reqUirement. Spec 17C 55- Three drums were subjected to this test and passed. Spec 17C 55- Three lids with the llMZC-Fillt filters were subjected to the with pressure water spray test and no water passed through the filter. relief device Spec 17C 55- The same data shckln for the 17C 55- drum would apply here. w/HDpE liner Spec 17H 30- ~hreedrums were subjected to this test and passed. spec 17H 55- ~hreedrums were subjected to this test and passed.

MS-24347-1 Byconparison, thisdrumwouldmeetthis-. MS-24347-7 mdnnnsweresubjectedtothistestandpassed. MS-27684-1 By ccpnparison, this dnnn wmld meet this requireulent. MS-27 684-2 By cmprison, this drum would meet this Wt. MS-27684-3 Three drums were subjectedtothis test andpassed. MS-27684-6 By camparison, this drum would meet this re&nmmt. MS-27684-8 Three drums were subjected to this test and passed. MS-2 7 68 3-7 Three drums were subjectedto this test andpassed. MS-27683-13 Bycarprison, thisdnnnwouldmeetthis~t. MS-24683-2 1 Three drums were subjected to this test and passed. c

In evaluatiq steel boxes against this requirement , one would consider such things as: (1) The effect the water spray wmld have on the ability of the steel boxes to meet the other Spec 7A performance requirenaents; (2) Tfie potential for inleakage of water with the subsequerrt putential for transport of the radioactive contents out of the packagings; (3) Because these same packagings are air-leak tight, one would also expect them to prevent the inleakage of water uder such passive conditions as a water spray (rain). In all cases but one (the ANLrwest 7A 960 steel box), as one wmld expect based onmaterials aradmethods of construction, closure mecham.'cans, gaskets, and painted surfaces, the water spray adhave no effect that could be interpreted as dea=sing the ability of the steel boxes to meet all spec 7A perfonnance criteria. This is nat surprising since the^ are years of experience dernonstratiq that lengthy expxues to rain have not had a negative effect on containment integrity. Because these sanae packagings are air-leak tight, one would also expect them to pwent the inleakage of water umkr su& passive conditions as a water spray (rain). As a final point of mainly academic discuss ion, since the steel boxes are air-leak tight to begin with, in the unlikely event of an inleakage of water, it wrruld be @ly unli)cely that this minute qmrrtity of water wmld leak out. Thus, based on the information below and after CcBnpariSon of the similarity in materials and methods of construction of the steel boxes, one can readily conclude that all the steel boxes meet this requiremerrt (with the exception of the AMiwest 7A-960 discussed in Table E2).

D-5 TABLE D-2

specific Rickacling Test/AnalYsis Results All - Capital Industries Alltheseboxespassbv analysis of materials, methods of -container FYodud carp. construction, yea^^ of experience (exposwe to a variety - RoGar chemical an3 Nuclear of weather comlitions, inc1udi-q hwvy rains), ard air- Services leak or water-leak tests which have demnstrated the boxes - IEocky Flat SAND Boxes to be leak tight. ?he tests referenced are the reduced - M-4 steel Bh pressure tests, Page C-14, of this document. The filters (for filtered boxes) have been tested and demonstrated to be WatePleak resistant also. ANGwest 7A-960 Since this package does not have a gasket, one has to assume there could be an inleakage of water, haever slight. To protect against this possible exposwe to water, the cmtents rrmst be enclosed in plastic or equally water resistant materials, or the shipper must ensure that, if the cantents wen= expose3 to such water, there would be no transfer of radioactive materials to the liquid. See l?estrickioq/ specification section on Rige B-28. A preferred method (since the introduction of any water into a radioactive material shi~ingczahmer ' is highly undesirable) is to use a gasket. Thus, all of the steel boxes except the ANGwest 7A-960 thisEcpimu& with& any restrictions or specifications, and the ANGwest 7A-960 this whenusedas prescribed on Page B-28.

E-6 PACKAGING WEGOFlY: WODl3J BOXES

(1) The effect the water spray wxld have on the ability of the waden boxes to meet the other Spec 7A perfonnance requirenrentS i

(2) The potential for inleakage of water with the subsequent potential for transport of radioactive contents out of the padCagin3s. As &uwn in Table D-3, 14 different types of wocden boxes (a total of 24 different packagings) were subjected to this test. In all cases, as one adexpect based on materials and methods of construction, closuremchmims, and caulking/glue, the water spray had no effect that could be interpreted as decreasing the ability of the &en boxes to meet the remaining spec 7AperfOnuance criteria. This is not surprising since there are years of experience aenronstrating that exposwe to rain has not had a significant effect on containment integrity. With respect to Item 2 above, the potentid for inleakage of water, some boxes constructed of normal exterior grade plywocd did allow small amunts of water to penetrate. For test purposes, the insides of the test boxes were lined with paper, ami the box was subjected to the water spray test for 1 hr and allawed to sit for 2 hr. At the end of this period, the paper was hspated for spots which wcnitd indicate the presence of water.

E7 n

n c

2nd Test 3rd Test Configuration IstTest KWUSedto Water Sealant (Dimensions in lixhes) As Built seal Sxms on Inside Armlied to Mound Configuration A Pass - No indication Failb Pass 8~8x36 of water IWtmd Configuration B Pass - No indication Pass Pass 12x12~36 of water

Mound Configuration C Fail - Water absorbed Fail Pass 12x12~36 0l.l paper Mound Configuration D Fail - Water absorbed Fail Pass 12 x 15 1/2 x 48 on paper IWtmd Configuration E Fail - Water absorbed Fail pass 21 x 21 x 22 1/2 paper specific Padcaqinq Test/Analysis Results NLO FamilY of By amparison these boxes would mt this nxphmnt. Box=

Y-12 B Series

B-1 through mch of these packagings was subjected to the water spray for 1 hr, allow& to sit B-8 for 2 hr, d then subjected to the drop test. There was no evidence of a decrease ina3ntahment htqrity as a result of this test. Considering the materials and methods of a3nstruction, all of the other vmcden boxes would also meet this ?Equimmt.

Y-12 Picture Frame Boxes PF-1 through By camparison these boxes wmld meet this requirement. PF-8

RocJcy Flats - RA By camparison these boxes would neet this -t. Series of Bxes

D-10 c c

As sham in Table D-4, small amcnmts of water did appear at times on the paper, Mcatig an inleakage of water. The majority of the inleakage occurred at the cozners d at scane points in the seams; huwwer, a few spots ocrurred that indicated inleakage thruugh the walls themselves. Three possible appmam are describefi that are acceptable with respect to addressing this inleakage ensuriq that there is no transport of radioactive materials cut of the packagw. (1) Securely enclose the radioactive conterrts within the box so that any inleaking water cannot come in contact with the radioactive material.

(2) seal the box us- GEOCEL or its equivdlent. If the box is reused, it must be recoated with at least one coat to mer the seal areas befom each ShiFment. (3) Assure that there is no loose or remvable contamination which could be entrained in any liquid and that the radioactive material is not soluble in the liquid. Thus, even if the liwds come in contact with the radioactive material, there could be no transport fmthe package. "E: These three approaches are presented in the Restrictians/specifications section for each of the evaluated packagirqs in MLM-3245. There are obviously other possible approaches; haever, if an alternative approach is chosen, the basis for the choioe must be supported and dccumented. Ihe use of one of these alternatives or an equivalent allckls these moden boxes to met this -.

I311 TABLE D-6 specific rackasirq F- F- Boxes Each of these packagings was subjected to this test prior to each l2B-65 of the three tests: free drop, ccanpression, and penetratian. As a result (Po of the water spray, the addition of triple-wall support was in many of the cantainers so that these packagings ddwithstan3 the ampression test. &is test also damnstrated the need for water-resistant tape as required in the l?estrictions/Specificatians section. As one would expect, the boxes wexe soften& considerably; hcwwer, this didn't seem to mh ma)ce nu& difference in the drop or pnetration tests. Since om has to assume an inleakage of water, each shipper must adckess this paterrtial inleakage of water and ensure there is no transport of radioactive materials out of the packaging by the folluwing methods or their equivalent.

aPage rnmtbers refer to MIX-3245.

Two possible approaches are described that are acceptable with respect to addressing this potential inleakage and ensuring that there is no transport of radioactive materials aut of the packaging. (1) sec~lrelyenclose the radioactive contents within the ba~so that any inleaking water cannot cane in antact with the radioactive material. (2) Ensure that there is no loose or removable contamination which muld be entrained in any liquid ard that the radioactive material is not soluble in the liquid. Thus, even if the liquids COBzbe in antact with the radioactive material, there could be no transport from the package. m: These two appmches are presented in the Restrictions/specifications section for each of the evaluated packagings. There are obviously other possible approaclhes; hmever, if an alternative approach is chosen, the basis for the choice must be supported and docmen-. The use of one of these alternatives or an equivalent method allaws these fibertx>ard packagings to IIEet this -t -t . c

WATER SPRAY TEST RESUEIS FOR W-6 cyL;IN#ERs TABZE D-7

specific Packacfinq Models Is, 2s, 5A, The factors to be considered in evaluating am@iance as mentioned 8At 12A, UBI 3OAt 3OBt previously were: 48G, 48H, 48HX, 48X, 48Y (1) Ihe effect the water spray would have on the ability of the W-6 cylinaers to meet the uther Spec 7A perfoxmame -;

(2) Ihe poterrtial for inleakage of water with the subsequent * for transport of the radioactive wntents out of the padcagjngs. The materials ard method of mnstruch'on mke it obvious that a water spray (rain) Wdnot have any significant effect on the structural htqrity. lmis is well-substantiated by years of shipping thausands of these packagiqv through a wide variety of wtather &tiom. With to the aspect, inleakage of water, since these cylmhave welded seams and threaded valves which are gas-leak tight, the inleakage of water is not credible. m, these packagings meet this -.

P13 specific Packaqhq Test/Analwis Results steel Drum This test was nat ccm&ckd on this packaging since the cuter MS 24347-7 packaging CCBapoinent is a steel drum, and ccsIp?liance is -ted as (p. F-l)a described on pase D-3.

Thetestwas-priortoeachofthethreetests: 30-ftdrap, ccanpression, d penetration. Since the packaging successfully passed these three tests, this demonstrates the lack of significant effect with mspect to structural ixqects. Also, since the 2-in. inner container is air-leak tight, there is no putentid for inleakage of water. Thus, this packaging aaeets this requiremerrt. LwL Steel Drums The ccarq>liance of the outer packaging, spec 17~30-gal steel drum, has with as Cylinders already been demonstrated as described on Page D-3.

r,iquids and solids The water spray was performed prior to each test, and the packaging (p. F-15) successfully mt all requirements. since there is a sealed metal innex container, there is no potential for further inleakage of water. Disposable C~ntainer The water spray was perfow prior to each test, and the packaging with shielding successfully met all requhmmts. since there is a sealed metal inner (pp. F-20 and 21) conkher, there is no potential for further inleakage of water. - T,iquids, Solids, or Gases aPage rnmrbers refer to MLM-3245.

D-14 specific Paclcasing woodenBax %e water spray was perfom& prior to each test, and the packagw -le, shielded SuccesSAzlly met all zquimmk. ThesedLedinnermetal- (p. F-26) preclude any PatentraL’ for futher inleakage.

Gas cylindler %e water spray was perfom& prior to each test, an3 the packagirq Returnable - Hoke fllccessfully met all . Theplasticboxusedasan (p. F-30) overpack typically precludes any significant effect due to the water spray. Then, considerirrg that the inner cylinders are gas-leak tight, there is no pcrtential for further inleakage of water. Gas cylinder Oonsiderirq the materials ami method of construction arrl the fact that Returnable these cylinders are gas-leak tight, there is no potential for J. L. Sh@Ed inleakage of water. (p. F-36)

D-15 specific Packatxinq Test/mwis Rtssults This test was not cmdudxd since, considering the materials and moethods of of constructicm, it is obvious that this test would not adwrsely affect the ability of the package to met the additional Spec 7A .In addition, since the package was demnstrated to be water-leak tight even after the 4-ft dmp, there is no potential for inleakage of water.

This test was not condttlcted since, considering the materials arad methods of of construction, it is obvious that this test would not adversely affect the ability of the package to meet the additional Spec 7A .In addition, since the inner (saurce) co- has to meet the Special Form [173.412(2)] criteria, the inleakage of water would not dth a ptential transport of radioactive material frogn the package. FEMA saurce overpack This test was ncrt conducted since, considering the materials an3 n&hods of of &nstruction, it is obvious that this te& wuuld nut adversely affect - the ability of the package to meet the additional Spec 7A .In addition, since the inner (saurce) contahmnt has to meet the Special Form [173.412(2)] criteria, the inleakage of water would nut result in a patential transport of radioactive material fram the package. SNL Tritium waste Package The ccanplimce of the outer packaging, spec 17~30-gal steel drums, has already been dtzmonstrated aril discussed on Page D-3.

D-16 FreeDrcrD Test. Maior points.

The free4r-q test consists of a fall (1) 4-ft drop onto the target in a manner that causes (2) Manner to cause maximum damage maximLrm damage to the safety features beingtested; and

(1) For packages weighing 5,000 kilograms (11,000 lb) or less, the dhtance of the fall measured froan the lcwest point (1) ?he orientation causing maximum damage may not be of the packaging to the upper surface readily apprent. Typically, the follawirrg guide- of the target shall nat be less than lines ShCRiLd be considered: 1.2 (4 ft). (a) Drums - side drop with bolt closure ring (BCR) at impact point; - -le drop (approx. 45O on BCR and on buttcan at intersection of chim anl side seam) ; (b) Ewes - Tap (lid) corner near features, such as lift- rings ard filters, if any exist;

Approximate enter of gravity impact point. (2) A quick release device is required to ensure no change in package orientation.

(2) For packages weighing mre than 5,000 straightforward kilograms (11,000 lb) , the distance of the fall Shdll not be less than the distance specified in Table 11, for the applicable packaging weight.

D-17 > 5,000-10,000 >11,000-22,000 3 0.9 >10,000-15,000 >22,000-33,000 2 0.6 >15,000 >33,000 1 0.3

(3) For Fissile Class I1 packagings, the For packaghgs to be used for Fissile Class I1 ship- free drap specified in subparagraph (1) or men&, further testing and evaluation per Paragraph 3 (2) of this paragraph shall be preceded by a are requkd. free drop from a height of 0.3 meter (1 ft) on each comer. For cylindrical packagings, the 0.3-x&er (l-ft)drap shall be onto each of the qmrters of each rim.

(4) For fiberboarli or w13od . Desicmer, tester, evaluator to do and shipper packages not exceeding 50 kilograms (110 Ib) responsibility to ensure. - in weight, a separate spechen of the praposed packaging shall be subjected to a free drop onto each corner fram a height of 0.3 n&ers (1 ft).

(5) For fiberboarcl cylindrical packages Desimer, tester, evaluator to do and SbilJPer weighing nut more than 100 kilograms responsibility to ensure. (220 lb) , a separate spechm of the proposed packaging shall be subjected to a free drap onto each of the guarters of each rim from a height of 0.3 mters (1 ft).

D-18

I (6) The target shall have a flat, hori- As a rule of thumb: An essentially nonyielding zontal surface of such mass and rigidity surface is one at least five t* the mass of the that any haease in its resistance to impacting object. displacemtrrt or deformation upon inpact by the spec* wmld not significantly Tester, evaluator to do ard shipper -ibility hcrease the damage of the specimen. to ensure.

D-19 TABLE D-10 b 45O 'PaD 45O Bottcrmc Sided e weighta m/ No. No. NO. specific Pacbdnq ab) cantents Liner TestedResults TestedIbesults TestedReflllts

400 (Form 1) Tests wexe not done on the 17C (30-gal). Tl-ds evaluation isbasedontestingofthe17'H(30qal)drumfwhichhas structural integrity equal to the 17C dnnn. 500 (Form 2) None

900 (Form 1) spec 17c (55-gal) Line8 5 5Pass 5 5Pass 7 7Pass F/F/S/Pb 1,000 (Form 2) s/m NOne 5 5Pass 5 5Pass 6 6Pass

%is is the authorized gross weight. ~neach case, the actual test wigtits ex~eededthis value. %ppmximately a 450 angle with the package impacting on the bolt of the bolt closure ring. cmmximately a 45O angle with the package impacting on the battam chim. %ria- so that the bolt is at the point of impact. e4-ft draps flat on the top and flat on the bottm cllllere conk&& on the 17H and 17C 55-gal steel drums, but were not dea& mcessaq for other drums because of the Wt total lack of effect. fFlaur, fluorescein, d,and lead, as required to achieve desired weight. I g4-dl polyethylene bag, nut the 9O-mil HDPE liner discussed later.

J3-2 0 c c TABTED-10 (mntjnued)

Spec 17C (55w)with pressure Relief Device - vent clip 900 F/F/Srn 4 4Pass 2 2Pass 2 2Pass 1000 S NCine - - - - 1 1PaSS Spec 17C (55-gal) with pressure Relief Device - Filter 900 F/F/S/Fb None 3 3Pass - - 3 3PaSx5

Flat on Tbrj Spec 17C (55-gal) - Filter Installed 900 F/F/S/Pb N- 3 3Pass - - - -

900 F/F/S/Eb HDPE 5 5Pass 5 5Pass 5 5Pass Liner

4 00 F/F/S/pb 2 2Pass 1 1Pass 2 2pass 400 F/F/Sm 4-dl 2 2Pass 2 2Pass 2 2- 400 F/F/S/pb None 1 1Pass 1 1Pass 1 lpass 500 s/= NoIhe 2 2 Pass 2 2Pass 2 2 Pass fIRl3LE D-10 (continued)

45O lb?3 45O l3ottam Side Weight m/ No. No. No. I specific packasinq (Ib) carrtents Liner TestedResults TestedResults TestedResults

spec 17I-I (55-m) 1,000 S/% NOne 8 8Pass 8 8Pass 4 4Pass

900 4-mil 5 5Pass - - 900 None 6 6 Fail 7 2Pass (5 Fail) 900 4-mil 8 8Pass 2 2Pass 11 11 pass 900 m 5 5Pass 5 5Pass 5 5Pass MS-24347-1 (0.25-gal) 10 2 2Fail

10 4-mil 2 2Pass

MS-24347-7 (1.25-gal) 35 NOne 1 1 Fail 1 1Fail 4-mil 3 3Pass 3 3Pass

MS-27684-1 (3.O-gal) 60 4-mil 1 1 Pass NOne 1 1Pass

MS-27684-2 (4. O-gal) 110 Nolhe 4 4Pass 4 4Pass 4 4Pass

D-22 -c c

45O m 45O Bottoan Side weight m/ No. No. No. mific Packac~inq (Ib) c€&ents Liner TestedResults TestedResults TestedF&sul.ts

Flat on TUD andBattoan IS-27684-2 (4. 09) F/F/S/€b None 4 4Pass 4 4Pass - -

IS-27684-3 (6.09) 80 4-mil 3 3 Pass * 1 1PaSS NOne - - * 1 1Pass

MS-27684-6 (8.09) 80 3 3PaSS * 2 2Pass

IS-27684-8 (12. 09) 200 4-mil 2 2PaSS * 1 1Pass 200 NOne 1 lpass * 1 1Pass

IS-27683-7 (30. Ow) 400 4d.l 2 2pass * 1 1Pass 400 NOne 1 lpass * 1 1PaSS

MS-27683-13 (459) 500 4-mil 3 3pass * 2 2Pass Liner None * 1 1PaSS

IS-27683-21 (859) 800 2 2Pass * 2 2PaSS

*NO tests were cmducbd since these were one-piece stmdxms with 110 seals or chimes to test.

D-23 General oarmnents: The primary dmp orientation was inverting the box (lid down) with a corner as the point of impact. when filters were used, they were typically placed in an end, and the corner chcsen for the inpact point was the corner closest to the filter location. Weight specific packas- (lb) CbntentS Results camments

Manufacturer: Capital Industries

S-0510-0823 7,000 F/F/Sa Pass Angle drop on tap corner. No loss of Contents or significant change in package g-. Authorized for Form 1, 2 , and 3 materials.

V-0510-0823 7,000 F/F/S Pass Angle drop on tap corner. No loss of Contents or significant change in package geopnetry. Authorized for Form 1, 2, and 3 materials.

S-0840-1440 22,700 F/F/S Pass Angle drap on tap corner. No loss of contents or significant change in package geometry. Authorized for Form 1, 2, and 3 materials.

S-0730-1006 10,400 F/F/S Pass Angle drop on tap corner. No loss of contents or significant change in package geametry. Authorized for Form 1, 2, and 3 materials.

aFlaur, fluorescein, and sand.

D-24

r c c

TABLE E11 (continued)

wght mific packas- 0- Results Manufacturer: capital Industries

S-0730-0846 8,700 N& Tested Pass Evaluated by analysis and Cxanparison (lid, lid reinforci~~~angle, bolt size, bolt spac-, container flange, and materials) to packagw S-0730-1006 whid.1 wa~tested and enraluated. All materials and methods of wnstmction were equal to or better than the evaluate3 packaging, and the authorized gross weight Was 1,700 lb less than that for the evaluated packaghq. Authorized for Form 1, 2 arrd 3 materials.

S-0480-0906 6,120 NOtTested Pass Evaluated by analysis and CcBnpariScM (lid, lid reinforcing angle, bolt size, bolt spaciq, container flange, and materials) to packagw S-0510-0823 whi& waS tested and evaluate3. All materials and methods of oanstructim equal to or better than the evaluated packaging, arrd the authorized gross weight was 820 Ibs less than that for the duated packaging. Authorized for Form 1, 2 and 3 materials.

S-0450-0846 5,240 NOt TWt& Pass Evaluated by analysis and amprison (lid, lid reinforcing -le, bolt size, bolt spacing, container flange, and materials) to packaghq S-0510-0823 Which was tested &uaM. All materials and methods of construction were equal to or better than the evaluated packaging, and the authorized gross weight was 1,760 lb less than that for the evaluated packaging. Authorized for Form 1, 2 and 3 materials. TABLEE11 (continued)

Weight Wific packasing 0- Results l&nu.facturer: capital Industries S-0240-0906 3,672 Not Tested Pass Evaluated by analysis and ccB[Iparison (lid, lid reinforcing -le, bolt size, bolt spacing, container flange, and matc~ials)to packaging S-0510-0823 which was tested and evaluated. All materials and methods of mnstmch‘on were ecpl to or better than the evaluated packaging, and the authorized gross weight was 3,328 Ib less than that for the evaluated packaging. Authorized for Form 1, 2 and 3 mteials.

S-0480-1376 9,295 Not Tested Pass Evaluated by analysis and Ccrmparisan (lid, lid reinfoming angle, bolt size, bolt spacing, cmtaher flarage, and materials) to packaging S-0730-1006’which was tested and evaluated. All materials and methods of construction were equal to or better than the evaluated packaging, and the authorized gross weight was 1,105 Ib less than that for the waluated packaging. Authorized for Form 1, 2 a& 3 materials.

l3-12-44-4-S/L FD 4,625 F/F/S Pass Angle drop on top corner. Authorized for Form Drawing NO. 01-3100-1-00 1, 2, and 3 materials. RCW. B

D-26 c

Weight 0- Results Manufacturer:

B-25-4-S/L FD 4,820 Nut Tested Pass Wuated by analysis and amprison to tests lX&ng NO. 01-2800-1-00 of B-96-5 s/L FD which has identical lid seal Rev. c characteristics. ~naddition, this package was tested using just sand with no loss of contents. Authorized for Fbm 1, 2, and 3 materials.

B-52-4-S/L FD 4,775 Nut Tested pass Evaluated by analysis and amprison to tests Drawing NO. 04-1000-1-00 of B-96-5 S/L FD which has identical lid seal Rev. F characteristics. In additian, this package was tested using just sand with no loss of contents. Authorized for Fbm 1, 2, and 3 materials.

B-82-6-S/L FD. 6,775 Not Tested pass muated by analysis and amprb to tests mm NO. 01-2300-1-00 of B-96-5 S/L ED which has iderrtical lid seal REV. D characteristics. In addition, this package was testedusingjustsandwithmlossofcon- tents. Authorized for Fom 1, 2, and 3 materials. B-87-6-S/L FD 6,970 Not Tested Pass muated by analysis and amprison to tests Dram NO. 04-1300-1-00 of B-96-5 S/L FD dchhas identical lid seal W.B characteristics. Authorized for Form 1, 2, am3 3 materials.

I327 TABLED-11 (continued)

Weight 0- Results

Manufacturer:

B-96-6-S/L FD 7,000 NOt Tested pass Evaluated by analysis and CcBllpariScM to tests Be NO. 04-1200-1-00 of B-96-8 S/L FD which has identical lid seal Rev. 0 design. By analysis, the six side drive clips are ccanparable to the eight side drive clips for the E%-96-8 S/L FD amsidering the difference of 2000 lb in authorized gross weight. Authorized for Form 1, 2, and 3 materials.

B-96-8-S/L FD 9,100 F/F/S pass Angle dmp on tap corner. Authorized for Form Bw~NO. 04-1200-2-00 1, 2, and 3 materials. Rev. 0 B-96-5-S/L FD 6,050 F/F/S pass Angle dmp .on top corner. Authorized for Form Draw- NO. 01-2101-1-00 1, 2, and 3 materials. Rev. 0

B-96-5-S/L RA 6,800 NOt Tested pass Identical to B-96-5-S/L FD (except for strength Draw NO. 01-1901-1-00 rmbembers added to met reduced pressure test) Rev. 0 which was te&d and passed. Authorized for ~~rm1, 2, and 3 materials.

W96-5-M B 6,500 Not Tested pass Identical to B-96-5-S/L FD (except there is no Drawing No. 01-2201-1-01 filter) which was tested and passed. Author- Rev. 0 ized for Form 1, 2, and 3 materials. 467-C-S/L FD 4,000 Not Tested Pass Evaluated by analysis and aanparison to tests Draw- NO. 01-3700-1-00 of E3-96-5 s/L FD which has identical lid seal Rev. c characteristics. In addition, tests have been wmpleted using just sand with no loss of contents. Authorized for Form 1, 2, and 3 materials.

D-28 I.

Results

containerproductsoorp. (CFC)

B-96-5 FD B 6,500 F/F”S Pass Angle drop on tap corner. Authorized for Form Drawing NO. 01-2301-1-01 1, 2, anl 3 materials. Rev. 0

Model R-1 7,750 Not Tested pass Evaluated by analysis and caparison (lids, lid reinforcbq -le, bolt size, bolt spacing, amtaher flange, materials of mwtmction, &c.) to Wel R-3. All materms and anethods of ‘on were equal to or better than the- test padcaqing, the dimensions wzre -ally less, and the authorized gross weight was 170 Ib less than that for the test packagbq.

Model R-2 7,820 Nat Tested pass Evaluated by analysis and caparison (lids, lid reinforcing angle, bolt size, bolt spacing, ccatainer flarrge, materials of condndiat e-.) to Model R-3. All materials and methods of ‘on were equal to or better than the- test packag-, the dinmsions were fllbstantially less, and the authorized gross weight was 100 lb less than that for the test packaging.

D-29 TABLED-11 (contirlued) Weight specific packasinq (lb) contents Results Manufacturer: RcGar chemical and Nuclear services Model R-3 7,920 F/F’S Pass This package was drapped 4 ft on a top (lid) corner. Thexe was no loss of carrterrts or significant dmqe in package gecllmetry. Authorized for Form 1, 2, and 3 materials.

Model R-4 7,920 Not Tested Pass EValuated by analysis and cclmparison (lids, lid reinforcing angle, bolt size, bolt spacing, container flange, materials of construction, etc.) to Model R-3. All materials and methods of canstruction were equal to or better than the test packaging, the dimensions were fllbstarrtially less, and the gross weight remahed the same.

€bcky Flats SAND Box Style 1 7,000 Gravel and water Pass A rnrmber of tests were cmhcted at different orientations (45O on top, 45O on bottoan, etc.) for each packaging. After t~chtest, the packagings were fllccesseully bleak tested to 0.5 psi. The use of water and gravel was mm conservative than the use of flour and fluorescein to simulate the contents. Authorized for Fonn 1, 2, and 3 materials. c c

Weight specific PaCkasinrJ 0- Results Manufacturer:

F&ky Flats SAND Elox

Style 2 6,000 Gravel and water pass A number of tests were wnducted at different orientatians (45O on tap, 45O on buttcuu, etc.) for each packaging. After ea& test, the packagings were successfully air-leak tested to 0.5 psi. The use of water and gravel was more conservative than the use of flow and fluom- cein to simulate the contents. Authorized for Fom 1, 2, and 3 materials. Style 3 6,000 Gravel and water pass A number of tests were wrklucted at different orientations (45' on top, 45' on battam, etc.) for each packagirq. After ea& test, the packagings were successfully air-leak tested to 0.5 psi. The use of water and gravel was more conservative than the use of flour and fluoms- cein to simulate the contents. Authorized for Fom 1, 2, and 3 materials. Style 4 6,000 Gravel and water pass A number of tests wen? conducted at different orientations (45O on tap, 45O on battam, etc.) for each packagirq. After ea& test, the packagings m successfully +leak tested to 0.5 psi. The use of water and gravel was more conservative than the use of flow and fluom- cein to sirnulate the cmtents. Authorized for mm 1,2, and 3 materials.

D-3 1 TABLED.11 (continued)

Weight specific packasinq 0- Results Manufacturer:

Argo- M-4 3,000a Four 55- drums Pass Drapped on one of the bottm corners. mi- Bin’ filled with sand, ous analysis had shm this orientatim to be two 5-gal pails most vulnerable to damage. After the drap, the an3 appmximtely bin was filled with 24 in. of water, 18 in. 300 lb of loose above the damage area. The bin was leak tight. sand Authorized for ~onw1, 2, and 3 materials.

ANGwest 7A-960 960 Solid pieces of Pass DrapTped on top corner of lid. There was no lead loss of contents and no significant pathways created by which acnrtents ccnild escape. Authorized only for Fom 3 materials.

%he authorized gross weight is 3,000 lb; hmever, the actual. gross weight for testing was 3,215 lb.

E32 Weight swcific packasinq 0- Results

7A-217 217 Solid materials pass PackagirrJS were drapped on a top corner, which 7A-375 375 simlatbq mrm 3 included the lid. In all cases, the padcagbq 711-880 880 materials W=r€? met the mxpimmb for Fornu 3 materials. 7A-995 995 used for all Authorized for only Form 3 materials. 7A-13 15 1,315 tests

7A-670 670 55- drum pass Rckagirq was dropped on a top corner, which filled with soil included the lid. In all cases, the packagbq placed inside the met the mpimmmt for Form 3 materials. modenbax Authorized for only Form 3 materials.

LufG

Flush Panel 2, 500 Drysorb 75% by pass Packaging was dropped on a top corner, which wigfit; included the lid. There was no release of Mim-E 25% contents and the packagbq was authorized for by weight Form 2 and 3 materials.

D-33 0 c) FWR-IT FREE DROP TEST RFSULTS FOR mom BOXES TABLE D-13

General cements: All draps were colmducted on a top corner of the lid. There was no loss of contents ard the packagings were authorized for Form 2 and 3 materials. weight No. specific Packaqirq 0 Tested

MA-1 40 2 2Pass Authorized for only Form 2 and 3 materials. MA-2 100 2 2pass

MA-3 100 1 1

MA-4 100 1 1 Pass 1 1pass Mound wooden Boxes - Confiquration B MB-1 150 2 2pass Authorized for only Form 2 and 3 MB-2 150 2 2pass materials. MB-3 200 2 2Pass MB-4 150 2 2Pass MB-5 150 2 2pass MB-6 200 1 1 Pass asand and lead. %lour, fluorescein, sand, and lead.

IF34 c

Weight No. specific packaairrg 0 contenb Tested Results MulIn3woodenBoxes- confiquration C

MC-1 lpass Authorized for only Form 2 arrd 3 lpass materials.

Mc-2 lpass lpass

Mc-3

MC-4 100 FF/Srn 1 lpass S 1 lpass

Mc-5 150 FF/S 1 1- MoundwOodenBoxes- Confiuuration D

MD-1 200 F/F/S/B 2 2pass Authorized for only Form 2 and 3 MD-2 300 FF/S/B 1 lpass materials. MD-3 250 F/F/S 2 2- MD-4 250 FF/S 2 2Pass MD-5 200 F/F/S/pb 2 2BSS MD-6 200 F/F/S/* 2 2pass

D-35 TABIED-13 (continued)

weight No. 0 cantents Tested Results

ME-1 150 S 1 1PaSS Authorized for only Form 2 and 3 materials. ME-2 150 S 2 2Pass ME-3 150 F/F/S 1 1Pass

B-1 400 2PaSS Authorized for only Form 3 B-2 400 2 pass materials. B-3 400 2Pass B-4 400 2Pass B-5 400 2 pass B-6 400 2PaSS B-7 400 2Pass B-8 400 2 Pass c TABLED.13 (Continued)

Wight No. specific Packaqixq 0 contents Tested F&sults

PF-1 500 lpass Authorized for only Fonn 3 PF-2 750 2Pass materials. PF-3 1,000 2Pass PF-4 500 2Pass PF-5 750 2Pass PF-6 1,000 2 2Pass PF-7 750 2 2Pass PF-8 1,000 2 2pass

M Flats RA Series configuration 1 900 Solid material 1 1PaSS Authorized for only Form 3 materials.

configuration 2 1,250 Solid material 1 lpass

D-37 TABLE D-14

cammerrts: All drops were on a top corner of the lid. There was no loss of contents and the padcagings were authorized for Form 3 materials. specific Weight Packaqinq 0 Results orientation

04214 1,805 Pass All drups were conducted on a tap Authorized for only Form 3 04245 250 Pass corner of lid. In several instanceS materials. 04255 1,500 pass these packagings survived draps of 04273 3 ,250 Pass of 30 ft (7.5 times the prescribed 04292 852 Pass aistance) with no release of contents.

D-38

I c

TAEIE D.15

GeneralCcmmnts. Alldmpswerecmhctedonatopcornerofthelid. Therewasnolossofcontentsandthe packaghqs were authorized for Form 3 materials. Weight No. Specific packashq 0 contmtsTested Results

1 65 pb 2 2- Authorized for only Form 3 materials. 2 65 pb 3 3- 3 65 pb 1 1- 4 65 S 2 2- 5 65 S 2 2- Authorized for only Form 3 materials. 6 65 S 1 1- 7 65 S 2 2Pass 8 65 S 2 2- 9 65 S 2 2- 10 65 S 2 2- 11 65 S 1 1- 12 65 S 2 2pass 13 65 S 2 2- LU4.L 12B-10 with inner 10 Innermetal 3 3- Authorized for Form 1, 2, and 3 mate- lnetal cana can filled rials. Inner can was air-leak tested with rocks after ea& test. Tri-Wall Fibertxrard Box 350 sarrxin 2 2- Authorized for only Form 3 materials. plastic bags

%e inner metal canwas ren~nredafter ea& test and leak che~kedin a jar derwater.

J3-39 TABLE D-16

specific weight Packacfinq 0 1 115

2 115

3 115

4 115

5 115

6 115 m:Even though these packagirgs passed the drop test without release of the floor anl fluorescein, they were authorized for only mm 3 materialswsince their performance. in the penetration test was sporadic.

I340 .. c

FUUR-FT JXOP TEST FOR UF-6 TAELE D-17 specific Weight packagiml 0 orierrtation 1s 2 This category of packagings was evalu- ~hesepackagm are authorized 2s 9.5 atedbasedan~droptests for Form 1, 2, and 3 materials 5A 110 conducted on Models 5A, 8A, l2B, 30B, (recognizing that Form 2 and 3 8A 375 an2 48X cylhhs. These tests hcluded are not mlyappmpriate). l2A 645 the 4-ft drop (side and -le) , the much 12B 650 mre severe 3O-ft drap (side and -le) , 3oA 6,350 andthe4-ftdropcartothebar(- 30B 6,420 test) . In all of these tests, there was 48G 30 ,600 m loss of ccatents. when analyseswere 48H 30,150 performed, data such as materials of 48HX 30,150 construction, dimensions, authorized 48X 25 ,530 gmss weight, an3 effects of testing 48Y 32,760 were used to verify that the cyl- natteStedmeettheSpeC7AE4Uh- mts.

D-41 0 8

Weight specific packasinq (lb) contents 6 Water Tcrp (450): NO. Tested - 3; RS'Ulb - 3 paSS Flat on Tog: NO. Tested - 1; mts - 1 pass Bottcna (45 ): NO. Tested - 3; RS'Ults - 3 pass Side: No.Tested-2;mts-2paSS

Three 30-Et drops dane 'vely on the same pckage, then theinner- vessel (glass bottle) was remved and herted for 10 min to detemme' iftherehadbeenanylossof contents. Aftex nine 30-Et drops, there was no evidence of leakage, and the package was evaluated as meetirii3 all -. LASL l2B-62 62 Water one 30-foot drQp was done on this packaging. The impact point was Fiber330ard Box a tap corner (package was inverted). After capletion of the test,theiIxlerContainnent vessel (glass ampule) was renwed and inverted for 10 min to determine if there had been any loss of contents. There was no loss of contents. In addition, after an additianal 304% drap, the 2-in. dieter inner shield Container with the threaded cap and O-ring seal was &leak tested and passed. Thus, this packagiq meets all requirpments with any appqriate inner containment . TJNLSteelDnnnsWith A 304% drop test was conducted on both configurations. After each Gas cylinders drap test, it was detemmed' that there had been no 1- of con- (p. F-11) tents (by CcBapariSon of pretest pressure to posttest plx2ssuE) fm 3A 1800 68 Air any of the seven test cylinaers. Thus, there was no loss of con- 3E 1800 60 Air tents ardl this packaging meets all -.

D-42

I c

Weight specific PackaSinq 0 c3mtmts ORNL Fiberboard Box- 33 water A 30-ft drop test was conducted on this packaging. The impact uquids and Solids wasonthebattognedgeofthecardboardbox. Therewasnoevidence (Po F-15) of loss of cmtents, and this packaging llbeets all lx@mm&s. ORNL F- Box - 33 Water A 30-ft drcrp was conducted on this packaging. The *& Gases was on the buttom edge of the cardboard box. There was no evideme (p. F-20) of loss of cmtents, and this packaging meets all Equhm&s. ORNL Fihrbcmd Box- 33 Water A 30-ft drop test was conttucted on this packaging. The impact Liquids and Solids was on the battogn edge of the cardboard box. There was no evidence with shielding of loss of cmtents, and this packaging meets all rquimm-. (p. F-21)

ORNL wooden Box - 212 Water !tbm 30-ft dmps were mmhcted; one with the entire packaging &turnable, Shielded dlyand cole with just the stainless steel clad lead shield by (p. F-26) itself (withuut the wooden box). The secord drop indicated that this inner assembly ddwithstand the 30-ft drop test by itself. After both tests, the glass inner container was r€?Inoved and examined. There was no loss of contents (leakage of water), and this packaging meets all -. ORNL Gas cylinder I &turnable (Hoke Cylinders) HOH-50 9 mirty-ft drop tests were cxmlwbd on the 1000 lnLJ (not C-aUTently HOXe-50 15 used) and 500 mTi gas shipping cylinaers. The test packages were HOKr-50 15 dmpped with the valve cover down. There was no loss of amtents, "-150 11 and these packaghgs meet this lqubment. These two tests HOXe-150 35 subjected the packaging to maximLrm stress, so, after con- HOKr-150 35 sideration of material of construction, thickness of materials, "-300 12 package weights, etc., the analysis damnstmted that all listed HOKr-300 36 packagirqs meet all l=quhmnts. HOH-500 15 HOKr-500 50 TABLE E18 (continued)

wific PacJCasinq

omGas cylinder Returnable (J. L. Shepard)

cylinaer 1 24 A 30-ft drop test Was Conducted On J. L. Sh- Model 394-500-L cylinder 2 40 gas shipping cylk-der. The cylinder 1- on its trip. Helium cylinaer 3 60 leak testing before and after the testbg demnstrated that there was Ix) loss of contents and this packaging meets this Dquire- ment. since this packaging muld be subject to the greatest stress, all smaller packagings also meet all lquimwnts.

D-44 -

I c

Specific Wight PackacYinq 0 LUE&ld Spec 55 50 lba of these packagings were filled with a water/fluorescein solution, sealed, arrd dxupped on a lid edge. There was no loss of contents, even with these canservative amtents. ?plus, this packaging m2ets all -. omTRlJ ShiFpirrg 3 ,700 Since this packaging is certified only for Special Form [49 CFR 173.403(2)] container contents, this test has little meaning frum a loss of contents stamipoint. Haw- ever, the test was mxluckd on the tap edge with no significant effect on the packaging. Thus, the packaging plus the Special Form conterrts meet all requirements.

200 Since this packaging is authorized only for Special Form [49 CFR 173.403 (2) 3 contents, this test has little meaning frum a loss of mntents standpoint. How- wer, the test was coxluctd on the top edge with no significant effect on the packaging. Thus, the packaging plus the Special Form contents eall I(Lents.

SNL Tritium Waste 200 The inner container was dropped 6 ft on a chim and 4 ft on a pratected valve, and package the entire package was dral?ped 4 ft on the top bolt closure ring, all with no loss of contents. The packaging mets all requirements.

D-45 CORNER FREE DROP TEST RliSUEE FOR WOODEN BOXES

TABLE D-20

General Cements: Eight 1-ft dmps wexe CQndLlCted (one on each corner). There was no loss of amtents or uther effects on corrtainment htegriQ. The slight dimensional changes are shown in the last coltnun.

Weight No. Specific packaging 0 Tested Results camments Mound wooden Boxes - Confiquration A

MA-1 40 1 1PaSS 0.25-h. inderrt MA-2 100 1 1PaSS 0.25-h. itkknt MA-3 100 1 1PaSS 0.375-in. indent MA-4 100 1 1PaSS 0.25-h. indent m wooden Boxes - Confiquration B MB-1 150 1PaSS 0.25 h. indent

MC-1 150 1- 0.5-in. indent Mc-2 3 00 1PaSS 0.25-h. indent Mc-3 250 1 Pass 0.5-h. inde MC-4 100 1- 0.25-h. hdat MC-5 150 1 pass 0.25-h. hd&

D-46 c c TABLE D-20 (amtimed)

No. amtents Tested mt!3

MD-1 200 1 1PaSS 0.25-in. indent MD-2 200 1 1PaSS 0.25-in. MD-3 250 1 1- 0.25-h. indent MD-4 250 1 1PaSS 0.375-in. jndent MD-5 200 1 1PaSS 0.25-in. indent MD-6 200 1 1PaSS 0.25-in. inderrt

ME-1 3.50 S 1 1- 0.25-h. indent ME-2 3.50 S 1 1PaSS 0.25-h. indent m-3 150 S Nat Tested pass, basedm rnixqof similar Packagw. Y-I2 Series B wooden Boxes

B-1 400 sm 1 lpass 0.55-in. indent B-2 400 s/pb 1 lpass 0.25-h. indent B-6 400 s/Fb 1 1PaSS 0.l25-h.

m47 General ccrnrments: Eight 1-ft drqs were (one on each corner). There was no loss of contents or other effects on containment integrity. he slight dimensional are shown in the last column. Weight No. Specific Packaqinq 0 Contents Tested 12B-65 1 65 pb 2 0.25-h. indent 2 Not Tested Pass, based on testhqof similar PackagingS. 3 65 1 0.25-h. hde& 4 65 2 0.25-h. 5 65 2 0.25-h. irderrt 6 65 2 0.25 h. indent 7 65 2 0.25-in. irdent 8 65 2 0.25-h. irrdent 9 65 1 0.25-h. inderrt 10 65 2 0.25-h. indent 11 65 2 0.25-h. hkht 12 65 2 0.25-h. hkht 13 65 2 0.25-h. hd&

LnG 12B-10 Not Tested Pass, based on testing of similar Packasinss.

D-48

I c

GeneralcammentS: Eightl-ftdrapswere~(meoneachofthequartersofeachrim). -wasno loss of contents or other effects on c&Annmt integrity. 'Ihe slight dimensional chaq-es are Shawn in the last column.

weight No. wific Packacrinq 0 amtents Tested Results caments 1 115 F/F/Srn 1 1- 0.25-h. inderrt 2 115 F/F/Srn 1 1 Pass 0.125-h. inderrt

4 5 1 1Pass 0.25-h. irdent

6 1 1- 0.25-h. irdent

D-49 0 c)

(dl -ression Test Major points TfLe conpmssion test shall (1) 5 times apal weight last for a period of at least (2) 265 U/ft tuws the m of package 24 hr and consist Of a ccanpressive load equivdlent to the greater of the folluwing: (1) Five times the weight of the actual package; or (1) Be alert.2 For packages with a large tap surface area, the (2) 1300 kilograms qr square 265 lb/ft can Wckly becane very large. meter (265 lb/ft ) multi- (2) Any in to package surfaces adbe docu- plied by the vertically merited- for use in -evaluating the Wo significant dose rate projected area of the pack- -11 age. The ccanpressive load shall be applied uniformly to evaluator to do and shim responsibility to two apposite sides of the packaging Specilnen, one of which nut be the base on dchthe package Ud no^ mally stand.

D-50 c c

TABLE D-23

Authorized Gross mressicm specific Weight Test Weight packasinq fib) (Ib) spec 6C 5- 80 500 >24 1 1 Pass No detechble effect. spec 6c 10- 160 928 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. Spec 17C 5- 100 520 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

Spec 17C 30-gal 500 Not Testeda Pass, based on testing of 17H 30-~@ drum. Spec 17C 55- 1,000 Nut Testedb Pass, based on testing of 17H 55- dnmnc.

Spec 17C 55- 1,000 Nut Tested’ pass, based on testing of 17H 55- drumc. with pressure relief devices

Spec 17C 55- 1,000 Not Tested3 Pass, based on testing of 17H 55- drumc. with HDpE liner

Spec 17” 30- 500 2 ,700 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. spec 17H 55- 1,000 5,100 >74 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

%e test data for the spec 17~3- dr~mare syapplicable since the construction specifications for these two drums (17~30- and 17C 30-gal) am essentially the same. bA 17C 55- drum filled with Concrete was test& to 8,142 lb (for 24 hr) and passed. %e test data for the spec 17~55-91 dr~mare myapplicable (althou* conservative) , since the only major diffeaxmce between the 17H an3 the 17C 55- drums is the thklmess of the body sheet. The 17H body sheet is 18 gauge, and the 17C is 16 gauge.

E51 0

TABIE D-23 (continued)

Authorized Test/Analysis GrosS conp-ion Test Data and Results specific Weight Testweight f>uration No. Packacring (Ib) (Ib) (hr) Tested Results coamnents MS 24347-1 10 100 48 1 1PaSS No detectable effect.

MS 24347-7 35 200 48 1 1PaSS No detectable effect.

MS 27684-1 60 300 >24 1 1- No detectable effect. MS-27684-2 110 Not Tested pass,basedonccanparisontotestdataon ccwparable drums. MS-27684-3 80 401 >24 1 1PaSS No detectable effect. MS-27684-6 80 500 >24 1 1PaSS No detectable effect.

MS-27684-8 200 1,000 >24 1 1PaSS No detectable effect.

MS-2 7 683-7 400 2 I 072 >24 1 1PaSS No detectable effect. MS-27683-13 500 2 ,752 >24 1 1PaSS No detectable effect. MS-27683-21 800 5,500 >24 1 1PaSS No detectable effect.

P52

I c

TABLE D-24

Authorized Test/Analysis Gross ccanpression Test mta and -ts specific Weight Testweight =tion No. Packaclirq tlb) tlb) thr) Tested Results capital Industries S-0510-0823 7, 000 35 ,000 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

V-0510-0823 7 ,000 35 I 000 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

S-0450-0844 5,240 Not Tested - Pass, based on testing of Mcdel S-0510-0823. 'Ibis model passed with a load of 2500 lb/ c~rrogatiOn. Model S-0450-0844 would a test of 1871 lb/wrrugation which wouldbe -topass* S-0730-0846 8 ,700 Not Tested - Pass, based on testing of Model S-0730-1006. This model passed with a load of 2167 lb/ corryation. Model S-0730-0846 wwld a test of 2175 lb/wrrajation which wuuld be -topass* S-0240-0906 3 ,672 Not Tested - Pass, based on testing of Model S-0510-0823. This -el passed with a load of 2500 lb/ corrugation. Model S-0240-0906 Ud a test of 1353 lb/wrrugation which wouldbe -topass- S-0480-0906 6,120 Not Tested - Pass, based on testing of Model V-0510-0823. This delpassed with a load of 2500 lb/ coxmgation. Model S-0480-0906 would xequire a test of 1913 lb/corrogation which would be ew=c-d to Pass-

E53 lY4BLE D-24 (continued)

capital Industries S-0730-0906 10,400 52 ,000 >24 1 1 Pass NO detectable effect.

S-0840-1440 22 I 700 124 ,184 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

S-0480-1376 - Not Tested - Pass, based test- of Model S-0730-1006. Cmis mdel passed with a load of 2167 lb/ COrrgation. Model 5-0480-1376 UdreqLzire a test of 1936 lb/cormgation which wmld be =P=-=opaSs. container products corn.

B-96-5-S/GFD 6,050 30,250 >24 1 1 pass No detectable effect. B-96-5-S/GRA 6 ,801 NeTested - pass, based on testing of a ccarrparable me,B-96-5-S/GFDI which met this

B-96-5-S/GRA 6,500 Not Tested - pass, based on testing of a ccBnparable container, B-96-5-S/GFD, which met this

467-C-S/GFD 4 I 000 20 ,000 >2 4 1 1 pass No detectable effect. TFUJ Waste container B-l2-44-4-S/GFD 4,625 Not Tested -

P54 Authorized m5t/Analysis Gross ocaaparisan Test Data and wts specific weight Test Weight Ixlraticol NO. packasinq tlbl (lbl thrl Tested Results

&25-4-S/Z;n, 4,820 25,000 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. B-52-4-S/GFD 4 ,775 29 ,000 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. B-8 2 -6-S/GFD 6,775 35 ,000 >24 1 1 Pass No decbdable effect. B-87-6-S/GFD 6,970 NCrt Tested - pass, based on test- of a ccwparable Cantaher, B-96-6-S/GFDt. which Et this B-96-6-S/IrFD 7 ,005 40,020 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. B-96-8-SfiFD 9 ,100 47 ,000 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

Rocky Flats SAND Box

Style 1 7 ,000 36 ,760 >24 2 2 Pass No detectable effect.

style 2 6,000 32,000 >24 3 3 Pass No detectable effect.

style 3 6,000 32 ,000 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. style 4 6,000 32 ,000 >24 2 2 Pass No detectable effect.

D-55 Pass, based on testhJ of Me M-I11 Steel bh with a ccanpression load of 40,000 lb. The M-4 is of equal or better structural strength and would be. expect& to meet this

960 4,800 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

D-56 c c

TABLE P25

Authorized Test/mysis Gross ocaapression Test Data and Results specific Weight Test Weight Ixlratian No. packasinq (u3) (Ib) fhr) Tested Results camments ANLrwest 7A-217 217 1,085 24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. 7A-375 375 4 ,000 24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. 7A-880 880 5,168 24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. 7A-995 995 6,308 24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. 7A-1315 1,315 7,000 24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. 7A-670 670 4, 000 24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. IJNL Flush 2 ,500 25,000 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. Panel

MA-1 40 265 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. MA-2 100 500 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. MA-3 100 500 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. MA-4 100 500 >24 1 1 Pass No demleeffect. Mound wooden Boxes - Confiauration B

MB-1 150 Not Tested Pass, based on shown testing of boxes of similar materials and construction methods at weights in excess of those actually required.

MB-2 150 1,500 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

I357 TABLE Lk25 (conthued)

Authorized Test/Analysis Gross ccarrpression Test Data and Results specific weight Test Weight Duration No. Packaqinq tlb) tlb) a Tested Results (2amEnb MB-3 200 Not Tested pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and construction methcds at weights in excess of those actually required. MB-4 150 N& Tested Pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and construction methods at weights in excess of those actually required.

MB-5 150 Not Tested Pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials ard construction methods at weights in excess of those actually required.

MB-6 200 1,116 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. Mound Wooden Boxes - confiquration C

Mc-1 150 770 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. MC-2 300 1,550 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. Mc-3 250 1,000 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. Mc-4 100 520 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. Mc-5 150 770 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. Mound wooden Boxes - Confiquration D

MD-1 200 Not Tested Pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and wnstmction methods at weights in excess of those actually requind.

D-58 c TABLEP25 (continued)

Authorized Testpalysis Gross cumpression Test Data and ma specific Weight Testweight Duration No. mckacfinq (lb) tu1 (hr) Tested F&sliLts camments MD-2 300 1,528 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

MD-3 250 NeTested Pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and construction methods at weigh- in excess of those actually required.

MD-4 250 1,351 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

MD-5 200 Not Tested pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and coTlstruction mrrethods at weights in excess of those actually required.

MD-6 200 NeTested Pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and constnrction mewat weights in excess of thce actually required. Mound wooden Boxes - Confisuration E

ME-1 150 NeTested Pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and construction methods at weights in excess of those actually required.

ME-2 150 755 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

ME-3 150 755 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

D-59 Authorized GrosS Oclmpression Test specific Weight Testweight Ixuatian PackaqiIq tlb) tlb) 0 NL13 Family of Banded wocden Boxes

04214 1,805 10,000 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. 64245 250 1,000 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. 04255 1,500 7 ,500 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. 04273 3 ,250 18 ,000 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. 04292 852 4 I 500 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

Y-12 Series B wooden Boxes

B-1 400 2 ,072 70 1 1- No detectable effect. B-2 400 2 ,028 69 1 1PaSS No detectable effect. B-3 400 2 ,015 72 1 1Pass No detectable effect. B-4 400 2,028 >24 1 1Pass No detectable effect. B-5 400 2 ,072 >24 1 1Pass No detectable effect. B-6 400 2, 028 >24 1 1Pass No detectable effect. B-7 400 2 I 072 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. B-8 400 2,028 >24 1 1Pass No detectable effect. Y-l2 Picture Frame wooden Boxes

PF-1 500 Not Tested Pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and canstsuction methods at weights in excess of those

PF-2 750 3,770 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

D-60

I c

Authorized Gross specific Weight Packa&lq tlb) tlb) ET-3 1,000 Nut Tested pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials axi wnstmch'on methods at weights in excess of those actually required. ET-4 500 Nut Tested Pass, based on testirrg of boxes of similar materials and amstmch'on methods at Eights in excess of those actually required.

ET-5 750 3 ,770 >24 1 1Pass No detectable effect. PF-6 1,000 5,100 >69 1 1Pass No detectable effect. ET-7 750 Not Tested Pass, based an testing of boxes of similar materials and amsbmch*on mew at weights in excess of those actually required.

PF-8 1,000 5,100 47 1 1Pass No detectable effect. Rockv Flats RA series of wooden mes

Configuration 1 900 4,541 24 1 1- No detectable effect.

Configuration 2 1,250 6,664 24 1 lpass No detectable effect. T;ABL;E D-26

Authorized Test/Analysis Gross ccanpression Test Data and specific Weight TestWeight rxlration No. Packaqing (lb) (lb) (hr) Tested Results cammerrts

12B-65 F- Boxes 1 65 Not Tested pass, based on testing of of similar materials and construction methods at weights in excess of those actually required.

2 65 Not Tested Pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and mnstmction methods at weights in excess of those actually requked.

3 65 Not Tested pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and construction methods at weights in excess of those actually required.

4 65 330 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

5 65 N& Tested pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and construction mods at weights in excess of those actually xequird.

6 65 330 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

I362 c

7 65 325 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

8 65 328 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

9 65 328 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

10 65 325 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

11 65 328 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

12 65 Not Tested pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and construction methods at weights in excess of those actually required. 13 65 Not Tested pass, based on testiq of boxes of similar materials and construction n&hods at weights in access of those actually required. L4mL l2B-10 10 100 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. with inner Etal can

Tri-wall 350 2,510 >24 2 2 Pass Box was cxanpressed 0.5 in. in the middle as a Fiberboard Box result of this test.

D-63 TABLE D-26 (continued)

Authorized Test/Analysis Gross ccatpression "est Data an3 mts specific Weight TestWeight Duration No. Packaqinq tlb) tlb) 0I.r) Tested Results coamnents

21C F- Drums

1 115 603 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. 2 115 600 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. 3 115 601 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. 4 115 603 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. 5 115 603 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. 6 115 601 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

D-64 c c

Calculated No. of packages Required for stress hading to Failure

1s 60 pass Two nrethods of analysis were used to evaluate the ccmtainers: 2s >loo pass 5A 21 pass (1) A linear elastic stress and buchling analysis using the 8A 15 pass shell of revaluation program BOSOR; and 12A >loo pass 12B >loo F&SS (2) A linear elastic buckeling analysis and a nonlm elastic- 30A 12 Pass plastic collapses analysis using the finite element program 30B 12 pass ". 48G 9 pass 48H 9 Pass 48HX 12 Pass 48X 12 pass 48Y 9 pass

D-65 TABLE E28

Authorized Test/Analysis GrOSS ccanpression Test Data and Results specific Weight Test Weight Duration No. Packacfing (lb) tlb) thr) Tested Results

Steel Drum 10 Not Tested Pass, see age D-52 of this addendum for test MS-24347-7 results on this drum. (p. F-l)a

LASL l2B-62 62 328 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. Fib&3OXd BOX

IJNLsteelDrums Not Tested pass, see Page D-51 of this addendum for test with as Cylinders results on 17H 30- steel drums. (p. F-11) ,

ORNL F- 33 165 >24 1 1 Pass Deformation of up to 1 in. on all four sides Box - Liquids and less than 0.5 in. on the top end button. and Solids (p. F-15)

ORNL F- 33 165 >24 1 1 Pass Deformation of up to 1 in. on all fow sides Box - Gases and less than 0.5 in. on the top end button. (p. F-20)

aPage rnrmbers refer to MIM-3245 unless otherwise stated. rl rl

rl rl

0 w0 s 0. t rl rl % 2;

0 Inh Authorized Test/Analysis Gross Data and Results specific Weight No. packaqinq (lb) Tested Results "-300 12 Nat Tested pasS,basedonccaaparisontotestdataon heaviest cylinaer, mKr-500, &m below. HOKr-300 36 Not Tested pass,basedonmllparhntotestdaeon heaviest cylirder, HOKr-500, shown below.

Ho#-500 l5 NatTested pass,~onccanparisontotestda~on heaviest cylbler, HOKr-500, shown below.

Horn-500 50 285 24 1 1 Pass No damage to the packagiq.

Tests also wndmted with a 1,000 H& container in which a compressive load of 580 lb was applied for 24 hr. There was no damage to the package. Since thecylinaers are all identical in construction except for size ard weight, the testing of the two heaviest packaghgs represents the worst possible cases. Thus, all of the above cylinaers adpass this test.

cylinder 1 24 Evaluated based on letter describhg testing cylinder 2 40 wndtLzcted by ORNL, subject *U. L. Shepard Gas cylinder 3 60 Cylinder,**D. M. Ferren/D. A. ECU-, April 30, 1985.

IF68

I (1 c

TABIE D-29

Authorized Gross specific Weight Packacling tIb)

300 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect.

Not Tested Analysis demomtmtes that even 50,000 Ib, a seve~mer-test, would not ham a significant effect.

FEMAsourceover 200 1,070 >24 1 1 Pass No detectable effect. Pack

SNL Tritium Waste 200 Not Tested Pass, see Page P51 of this documerrt for test Package data an the 17H 30- drum.

D-69 (e) Penetration Test. Maior mints. For the penetration test the (1) 13-lb bar packaging specimen shall be (2) 1 m (3.3 ft) placed on a rigid, flat, (3) mst -le point horizontal surface that will not move wfiile the test is beingperfomEd. metest shall cans* of:

(1) Abar 3.2 Centurre'ters ocgmnents (1.25 in.) in diameter with Fenetration of the outer packaging(s) is not necessarily with a hemispherical end, a cause for failure. The question is, "Did the test weighing 6 kilogram (13.2 lb) result in a loss of contents?1t For outer packaging being dmpped with its CcBnpOnents not this mcpkemmt, one ccaild specify longitudinal axis vertical, an inner capnent(s) that will or design protective onto the center of the weakest devices to ensure that the bar cannot reach the primary Part of the pa-gw spec*, co- System. so that, if it penetrates far enough, it will hit the contain- Tester and evaluator to do and shim responsibility mtsystepn. Ihebarmstnotbe to ensure. deformedbythetest;and

(2) The of the fall of the bar- meamred fmits luwer end to the upper surface of the packaging specimen shall not be less than 1 meter (3.3 ft). G c

specific Test/Analvsis Results Pachginq No. Tested Imation Results 1 Lid at center 1pass 0.5-h. dent 1 Side at seam lpass 1-in. dent 1 Lid near closure 1- 0.25-h. dent ring 1 Lid at lpass 0.5-h. dent 1 Side at seam 1PaSS 0.75-h. dent 1 Lid near closure lpass 0.5-h. dent rirrs Not Tested Pass, based on test data shown for caparable or lesser gauge steels. Not Tested Pass, based on test data shown for ccanparable or lesser gauge steels.

Not Tested Pass, based on test data shown for ccanparable or lesser gauge steels.

I Spec 17C (55-gal) with 3 Center of filter 3Pass Air flow was established after each test with Pressure Relief Device flaur/fluo~inas CQntentS. ?here was 110 Nuc-fil filter visible evidence of loss of corrtents, and 110 loss of amtents was de- under a black light.

I371 llABLE D-30 (Corrthed)

specific Test/Analysis Results Paclcaainq No. Tested Lcation Results

spec 17H (30-gal) 1 Lid at center lpass 0.125-h. dent 1 Side at seam lpass 0.125-h. dent 1 Lidnearclosure 1Pass 0.055-h. dent ring 1 Lid at e 1PaSS 0.125-h. dent 1 Side at s~am 1PaSS 0.125-h. dent 1 Lidnearclosure 1- 0.055-h. desrt ring MS24347-1 (0.25+) 1 Lid at middle 1PaSS 0.75-h. dent I 1 Side at seam 1PaSS 1.2541. derrt

MS24347-7 (1.25-gal) 1 Lid at middle lpass 0.5-h dent 1 Side at seam 1- 1.25-h. den;t 1 Lidnearclosure 1pasS 0.125-h. derrt ring MS27684-1 (3.O+) 1 Lid at middle 1PaSS 0.75-h. dent 1 Side at seam lpass 1-in. dent MS27684-2 (4. O+) Not Tested pass, basedontestdatashownfordrunrsof lesser gauge an3 size.

MS27684-3 (6.0*) 1 Lid at middle 1 Pass 1-in. dent 1 Side at seam 1PaSS 0.5-h. dent

B72

I c- c

TABLE D-30 (m)

specific Test/Analysis Mts PacJcacfirq No. Tested Location Results

MS27684-6 (8.0-gal) 1 Lid at middle lpass 0.125-h. dent 1 Side at seam lpass 1-h. dent

MS27684-8 (12.Ow) 1 Lid at middle 1- 1-h. dent 1 Side at seam 1PaSS 0.562-h. dent

MS27683-7 (30.0*) 1 Lid at middle lpass 1-in. dent 1 Side at seam 1PaSS 0.562-h. dent

MS27683-13 (45*) 1 Lid at middle lpass 0.125-h. dent 1 Side at seam 1FaSS 0.125-h. dent

MS27683-21 (859) Not Tested pass, based on test data shown for dnnus of lesser gauge and size.

D-73 I specific Test/Analwis Results Packacfinq No. Tested Location Results

capital. Industries

S-0510-0823 1 Middle top Pass ~nall cases below, including the filter test, the only effect was a minor dent. This is V-0510-0823 1 Centerof filter pass eqected based on materials of construction and cmparative testing of lesser gauge mate- S-0840-1440 1 Middle tap pass rials.

S-0730-1006 1 Middle tap l?ass S-0730-0846 Not Tested Pass EvdLuated by analysis ZUXI ccanparison (lid, lid reinfo~-~ingangle, bolt size, bolt spacing, container flange, arxl materials) to packaging S-0730-1006 ddlWas tested ZUXI &u&&. All materials and methods of construction we.m equal to or better than those of the tested pacwing.

S-0480-0906 Nat Tested pass Evaluated by analysis and comparison (lid, lid reinforcing angle, bolt size, bolt spacing, container flange, and materials) to packaging S-05104823 which was tested and evaluated. All materials and methods of construction were equal to or better than those of the tested Packaging.

E74

I G c

specific Test/AnalYsis Results Packaclinq No. Tested Incation Results

S-0450-0846 Not Tested Pass Evaluated by analysis and CcBllpariSon (lid, lid reinforcing angle, bolt size, bolt spacing, COntainer flange, and materials) to packaging S-0580-0823 which wa~tested and &=ted. All materials ard methods of cmstmction were qual to or better than those of the tested Packaging. S-0240-0906 Not Tested Pass Evaluated by analysis and axparison (lid, lid reinforcing angle, bolt size, bolt spacing, CO ntainer flange, and materials) to packaging S-0580-0823 which wa~tested arrd dwted. All materials and methods of 'on were equal to or better than those of the tested packaging. S-0480-1376 Not Tested Pass Evaluated by analysis and CcIltlpariSon (lid, lid reinforcing angle, bolt size, bolt spacing, corrtainer flange, and materials) to packaging S-0730-1006 which W~Stested anl &l.lated. All materials and methods of canstsuctim were equal to or better than those of the tested Packaging.

I375 TABLE D-31 (continued)

specific Test/Analvsis Mts PackacYhq No. Tested Location Results

B-l2-44-4-s/L FD Not Tested Pass Evaluated by analysis and ccsnparison to Drawing NO. 01-3100-1-00 packaging B-25-4-S/L FD wfrose tap is con- Rev. B stmcted of materials of equal thiw. B-25-4-Sfi FD 1 Tap Pass only effect was a minor dent. Dra- NO. 01-2800-1-00 Rev. c

B-52-4-Sfi FD 1 w WVer Pass only effect was a minor dent. Drawi,~~~NO. 04-1000-1-00 Rev. F B-82-6-Sfi FD 1 Tap Pass only effect was a minor dent. Dram NO. 01-2300-1-00 Rev. D B-87-6-S/L FD Not Tested Pass Evaluated by analysis and canparison to Dram NO. 04-1300-1-00 packaging B-96-6-S/L FD tap is con- Rev. B structed of materials of equal thickness. B-96-6-S/L FD 1 Tap cover Pass only effect was a minor dent. Dram NO. 04-1200-1-00 Rev. 0

B-96-8-S/L FD 1 Tap cover pass Only effect was a minor dent. Drawing NO. 04-1200-2-00 Rev. 0 c

specific Test/Analvsis Results Pa*&q No. Tested kcation Results

B-96-5-S/L FD 1 Tap Pass only effect was a minor dent. Drarning NO. 01-2101-1-00 Rev. 0 B-96-5-S/L RA Nat Tested Pass Evaluated by analysis an3 ccanparisan to NO. 01-1901-1-00 packaging B-96-5-Sfi FD whose tap is con- Rev. 0 structed of materials of equal thichess. B-96-5-RA-B Not Tested pass Evaluated by analysis and ccrmparison to Drawing No. 01-2201-1-01 packaging B-96-5-Sfi FD whose top is con- Rev. 0 st;ructed of materials of equal thichess.

467-C-Sfi FD 1 Tap mer pass only effect was a minor derrt. Drawing NO. 01-3700-1-00 Rev. c RoGar chemical and Nuclear Semices Model R-1 N& Tested Pass Evaluated by analysis ard ccanparison (lid, lid rehforcw angle, bolt size, bolt spacing, C0artahe.r flqe, and materials of Canstruction) to test package (Model R-3). All materials and methods of construction were equal to or better than those of the tested packaging.

I377 0 8 ?aBLE F31 (continued)

specific Test/Analysis Results packasinq No. Tested bcation Results RGar chemical and Nuclear Sewices

MOM. R-2 Not Tested Pass Evaluated by analysis and caparison (lid, lid reinforcing angle, bolt size, bolt spacins, corrtainey flange, and materials of -&ion) to test package (Model R-3). All materials and n&hods of amstmch'on were equal to or better than thcse of the tested pa-gins.

Model R-3 1 Pass The only effect was a minor dent. 1 center of Pass ?he only effect was a minor dent. filter

MOM. R-4 N& Tested pass Evaluated by analysis and CclllTpariSon (lid, lid reinforcing angle, bolt size, bolt spacing, cmtainer flange, and materials of construction) to test package (Model R-3). All materials and methods of construction were equal to or better than those of the tested pa-gi-ng. Rockv Flats SAND Box

Style 1 1 Tap 1pass Other than a minor dent, there was no damage 1 side 1 Pass inany-. 1 Filter 1pass

Style 2 1 Tap 1 Pass Other than a minor dent, them was no damage 1 Side 1 Pass inany-. 1 Filter 1PaSS ddd did crs ddd ddd

m d a, 5cn TABIE P32

specific Packaqinq (xmmmts

7A-2 17 1 Tap Only effect was a minor dent in each case. 7A-375 1 Tap 7A-880 1 Tap 7A-995 1 Tap 7A-1315 1 Tap 7A-670 1 Tap

I.IwL Flush Panel 1 Tap 1 pass Only effect was a minor dent.

Momd - Confisuration A

MA-1 Tap 1PaSS Only effect was a minOr dent in each case. Side 1PaSS

MA-2 Tap 1PaSS Only effect was a minor dent in each case. Side 1pass

MA-3 Tap 1PaSS only effect was a minor dent in each case. Side 1PaSS

MA-4 Tap 1 pass Only effect was a minor dent in each case. Side 1 pass

D-80 c c c

Test/Analvsis Results No. Tested Location Results

MB-1 Nd Pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and construction nethods at weights in excess of those actually required. MB-2 1 Battosn 1 Pass Only effect was a minor dent in each case. 1 Side 1- Thebattowwaschosenbecauseitwasstill wet at the tim.

MB-3 NeTested pass, based on testing of boxe!s of similar materials and comtmction methods at weights in excess of those actually required. MB-4 NeTested Pass, based an testing of boxes of similar materials and construction methods at weights in excess of those actually required. MB-5 NeTested pass, based on test- of boxEs of similar materials and comtmction methods at weights in excess of those actually required. MB-6 1 Top 1 pass myeffect was a minor dent in each case. 1 Side 1PaSS

M - conficnuation C

MC-1 1 Tap 1 Pass only effect was a minor dent in each case. 1 Side 1 Pass - Confirmration C

MC-2 1 Tap 1PaSS Only effect was a minor dent in each case. 1 Side 1PaSS

Mc-3 1 Tap 1- Only effect was a minor dent in each case. 1 Side 1PaSS

MC-4 1 Tap 1PaSS Only effect was a minor dent in each case. 1 Side 1 Pass

MC-5 1 Tap 1PaSS Only effect was a minor dent in each case. 1 Side 1PaSS

Mound - Confiuuration D

MD-1 N& Tested ass, based on testing-ofboxes of similar I- materials and construction methods.

MD-2 N& Tested pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and construction methods.

MD-3 Not Tested pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and construction methods.

MD-4 N& Tested ass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and construction methods.

MD-5 N& Tested pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and construction methcds.

MD-6 Not Tested Pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and construction methods.

D-82 e

specific Packacring

ME-1 1 Tap 1PaSS only effect was a minor dent in each case. 1 Side 1PaSS ME-2 1 Tap 1PaSS only effect was a minor dent in each case. 1 Side 1PaSS ME-3 1 Tap 1PaSS only effect was a minor dent in each case. 1 Side 1PaSS

M13 Family of Banded wooden Boxes

64214 Tap 1PaSS only effect was a minor dent in each case.

64245 Tap 1PaSS only effect was a minor dent in each case.

64255 Tap 1PaSS only effect was a minor dent in each case.

64273 Tap 1PaSS only effect was a minor dent in each case.

04292 Tap 1PaSS only effect was a minor dent in each case.

D-83 TABLE P32 (continued)

specific Test/Analvsis Results PackacTinq No. Tested mcation Results Y-12 Series B

B-1 1 Tap All packages were water spray tested before 1 Side testing. only effect of the penetration test was a minor dent in each case. B-2 1 Tap All packages were water spray tested before 1 Side testing. only effect of the penetration test was a minor dent in each case. B-3 1 Tap All packages were water spray tested before 1 Side testing. Only effect of the penetration test was a minor dent in each case. B-4 1 Tap All packages were water spray tested before 1 Side testing. only effect of the penetration test was a minor dent in each case. B-5 1 Tap lpass All packages were water spray tested before 1 Side 1 Pass testing. Only effect of the penetration test was a minor dent in each case. B-6 1 Tap All packages wax? water spray tested before 1 Side testing. Only effect of the penetration test was a minor dent in each case. B-7 1 Tap All packages were water spray tested before 1 Side testing. only effect of the penetration test was a minor dent in each case. B-8 1 Tap 1 pass All packages were water spray tested before 1 Side 1 Pass testing. Only effect of the penetration test was a mhor dent in each case. c c

specific Test/Analvsis Reflllts Packacrinq No. Tested kcation Results

PF-1 1 Tap- 1PaSS Only effect was a minor dent in each case. 1 Tap pdse 1PaSS PF-2 Not Tested Pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and construction methods.

PF-3 Not Tested Pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and construction methods.

PF-4 Not Tested pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and construction raethods.

m-5 1 Tap- 1PaSS Only effect was a minor dent in each case. 1 Tap- 1PaSS 1PaSS was minor case. I PF-6 1 Tap- Only effect a dent in each ! 1 Tap edse 1PaSS PF-7 Not Tested Pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and construction methods.

m-a Not Tested pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials and canstruction methods.

Rockv Flats RA Series

configuration 1 1 Tap 1PaSS Only effect was a minor dent in each case. Configuration 2 1 Tap 1PaSS

D-85 specific Test/Analvsis Results packasins No. Tested Location Results cammerrts 12-5 Fiberboard Boxes 1 1 Bottcan Pass - No Penetration Only effect was a minor dent in each 1 Tap Pass-N~PeneratiOn Case. J. Side Pass - NO pethetratian 2 1 Side Pass - NO Penetration 3 Nut Tested Pass,basedontestingofbaxesof similar materials and construction methods.

Tap Pass - Penetration Side Pass - Penetration

Tap Pass - No Fenetration Only effect was a minor dent. Side Pass - NO Penetration Tap Pass - penetration Side Pass - Penetration

Tap Pass - No Fenetration Only effect was a minor dent. Side Pass - penetration Top Pass - penetration Side Pass - Penetration

Tap Pass - No penetration Only effect was a minor dent. Side Pass - No penetration

D-86

r 7...... e

specific Test/Analysis Results packasins No. Tested Lccation Results 12B-65 Fib&XBld Boxes

10 1 Tap Pass - Penetration 1 Side Pass - penetration

11 Not Tested pass, based on testing of boxes of similar materials ard wnstruction methods.

12 Tap Pass - penetration Side Pass - Penetration

13 Tap Pass - No Fenetration Side Pass - penetration

1213-10 with inner 1 Tap Pass Bar made 0.5-in. dent in innex can in =tal can in each case. A leak check (air) of the Side Pass can in each case denrmstrated continued leak tightness.

Tri-wdLl 1 Tap Pass - penetration F- F- Box 1 Side Pass - Penetration

E87 TABLE D-33 (continued)

I specific Packaainq

1 1 Tap Pass - NO Penetration 1 Side Pass - NO Penetration

2 1 Tap 1 Side

3 1 Tap 1 Side

4 1 Tap Pass - NO -tion 1 Side pass - penetration

5 1 Tap Pass - NO Penetration 1 Side ass - penetration

6 1 Tap Pass - No Penetration 1 Side Pass - No Penetration

D-88 +.,

-__c I specific pack as^

Model No.

1s Evaluated based CUI the mterials and material thi&nesses and by amparisan to test data ShaJn for rmdh lesser thichesses. This test wmld not have any effect 2s (as verified by testing) on the sides of these cyl*. Testing was also amluct& tockmnstmte that this test, when oordu&d on the valve assembly/ 5A assembly cuver, wmld also have no effect. 'Ihus, all these cylinders meet this requirement. 8A

12A

l2B

30B

I 48G 48H ' 48HX 48X

48Y

D-89 Test/Andlysis Results NO. Tested mtion Results

SteelDnrm pass,basedorltestdatashclwnon PIS-24347-7 page D-72. (p. F-l)a

IASL 12B-62 Fiberboarcl 1 Top pass - penetration The bar did nat contact the inner Box container in either case. 1 Side pass-mnetration

ImLsteelDrumswith pass,basedontestdata~on Gas cylinaers paSe D-72. (p. F-11) A rwnPenetrating defomtion of the wet mmboard box and a 0.55-in. deep by 0.75-in. diameter hthhtioninthetap of theinnermetdlcan. OFmL Fbel3xmd Box- 1 Top 1PaSS A nonpenetrathg defornration of the wet Gases (p. F-20) (-1 cardboard box and a 0.55-in. deep by 0.75-in. indenhtioninthetap of the inner metal can.

aAll page numbers refer to -3245.

D-90

I U

specific T€?st/mYsisResults PackacTinq No. Tested Location Results ORNL F- m- A nonrpenetratirrJ deformation of the wet T,iquids and Solids cardboard box and a 0.55-in. deep by (p. F-21) 0.75-b. indentationinthetap of the irmr metdl can. ORNLwoodenBax Minor, ncorpenetratirrgd!mt. Returnable, shielded (p. F-26)

ORNLGaS cylinder Returnable (Hoke Cylinders) HX-50 'Ihistestwas~onthemm HOXe-50 1ooo-mL cylinder (which is not HOW-50 listed),buttheresultscanbeused KH-150 to evaluate the Qnaller packaginys. 1 HOW150 HOW-150 IiOH-300 I HOW-300 "-500 HeKrC500

m Gas cylinder Pass Evaluatedbasedontestingocnducted Returnable by QRNL, letter dated April 30, 1985, (J. L. shepard) D. M. F-D. A. EtJling.

cylinder 1 cylinler 2 cylinder 3

D-91 specific Test/Andlvsis Results Packadnq No. Tested bation Results KNL Old Spec 55 2 Lid bolts 2- No detectable effect other than a scratch.

1 m? 1- only effect was a minor dent in each 1 Side 1pass case. 1 m? lpass Only effect was a minor scratch.

Tritium Waste pass,ba!5edcmtestdatashrxJnon Package Fage E72.

E92