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Glass and Aluminum Beverage Bottle Comparison

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Glass and Aluminum Beverage Bottle Comparison Glass and Aluminum Beverage Bottle Comparison A Major Qualifying Project Report Submitted to the Faculty of the WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE In partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Science Degree in the field of Chemical Engineering By: Ryan Shevlin Tanya Soffen Date: March 2nd, 2009 Approval: Professor William M. Clark, Advisor of Record Abstract The following project compares the thermal performance of glass and aluminum beverage bottles during cooling and warming periods with focus on the consumer’s best interest. The cooling scenarios were modeled with the COMSOL program to provide a visual representation of how the mechanisms of heat transfer were affecting the bottles. The experimental results showed that the glass and aluminum beverage bottles have similar thermal performances in warming and cooling environments. Acknowledgements The project team would like to thank Professor William Clark for advising us during the project period and all the support he provided. The team would also like to thank Jack Ferraro and Doug White for all the help setting up the laboratory experiments and helping maintain them. Finally we thank Robert Bailey of Loyola College in Maryland for providing further insight on his research. Authorship Page Section Author(s) Introduction Ryan Background Beverage Container Ryan Heat Transfer Ryan and Tanya COMSOL Tanya LabView Tanya Methodology Experimental Procedure Fridge Cooling Ryan and Tanya Ambient Warming Ryan and Tanya Ice Bath Cooling Ryan and Tanya COMSOL Ryan and Tanya LabView Tanya Results and Discussion Experimental Results Ryan Results vs. Existing Data Ryan Glass vs. Aluminum Tanya Air vs. water Tanya Conclusions Ryan and Tanya Recommendations Ryan References Appendices Temperature Results Tables Tanya Other Graphs Tanya Experimental Calculations Ryan Experimental Photographs Ryan and Tanya Table of Contents Title Page .................................................................................................................................................. 1 Abstract ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................... 3 Authorship Page ........................................................................................................................................ 4 Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................... 5 Table of Figures ........................................................................................................................................ 6 Nomenclature ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 8 Background ............................................................................................................................................... 9 Beverage Container ............................................................................................................................... 9 Heat Transfer ......................................................................................................................................... 9 COMSOL ............................................................................................................................................ 10 LabView .............................................................................................................................................. 10 Methodology ........................................................................................................................................... 12 Experimental Procedure ...................................................................................................................... 12 Fridge Cooling ................................................................................................................................ 12 Ice bath cooling ............................................................................................................................... 14 Ambient Warming ........................................................................................................................... 15 LabView .............................................................................................................................................. 16 COMSOL ............................................................................................................................................ 21 Results and Discussions .......................................................................................................................... 26 Experimental Calculations .................................................................................................................. 26 Results vs. Existing Data .................................................................................................................... 28 Glass vs. Aluminum ............................................................................................................................ 29 Air vs. Water ....................................................................................................................................... 29 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................................... 30 References ............................................................................................................................................... 31 Appendices .............................................................................................................................................. 32 Appendix 1 : Raw Temperature Data .................................................................................................. 32 Fridge Runs ..................................................................................................................................... 33 IceBath Runs ................................................................................................................................... 47 Appendix 2: Graphs from raw data not shown in the report ............................................................... 52 Fridge Runs ......................................................................................................................................... 53 Icebath Runs ........................................................................................................................................ 61 Extra Experimental Pictures................................................................................................................ 65 Table of Figures Figure 1: Cool Down Set Up................................................................................................................... 13 Figure 2: Foam Bottle Holder for Ice Bath ............................................................................................. 14 Figure 3: Ice Bath .................................................................................................................................... 15 Figure 4: Warming Set Up ...................................................................................................................... 16 Figure 5: Opening a LabView .vi File ..................................................................................................... 17 Figure 6: Running Data Acquisition ....................................................................................................... 17 Figure 7: Stopping the Data Acquisition ................................................................................................. 18 Figure 8: Fridge Cooling 1 ...................................................................................................................... 19 Figure 9: Fridge Warming 1 .................................................................................................................... 20 Figure 10: Line Button for Drawing ....................................................................................................... 21 Figure 11: COMSOL Subdomain Setting Window ................................................................................. 22 Figure 12: COMSOL Boundary Settings ................................................................................................ 23 Figure 13: Solving with COMSOL ......................................................................................................... 23 Figure 14 Subdomain settings for rubber stopper ................................................................................... 24 Figure 15 Boundary settings for outside of bottle ................................................................................... 25 Figure 16: Results of COMSOL Simulation Aluminum Fridge run (1) and glass fridge run (2) ........... 25 Figure 17: Fridge Cooling 2 .................................................................................................................... 53 Figure 18: Fridge Warming 2
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