Hallucinogens: an Update
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Inclusion of People of Color in Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy
Michaels et al. BMC Psychiatry (2018) 18:245 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-018-1824-6 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Inclusion of people of color in psychedelic- assisted psychotherapy: a review of the literature Timothy I. Michaels1* , Jennifer Purdon1,2, Alexis Collins1 and Monnica T. Williams1,2 Abstract Background: Despite renewed interest in studying the safety and efficacy of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of psychological disorders, the enrollment of racially diverse participants and the unique presentation of psychopathology in this population has not been a focus of this potentially ground-breaking area of research. In 1993, the United States National Institutes of Health issued a mandate that funded research must include participants of color and proposals must include methods for achieving diverse samples. Methods: A methodological search of psychedelic studies from 1993 to 2017 was conducted to evaluate ethnoracial differences in inclusion and effective methods of recruiting peopple of color. Results: Of the 18 studies that met full criteria (n = 282 participants), 82.3% of the participants were non-Hispanic White, 2.5% were African-American, 2.1% were of Latino origin, 1.8% were of Asian origin, 4.6% were of indigenous origin, 4.6% were of mixed race, 1.8% identified their race as “other,” and the ethnicity of 8.2% of participants was unknown. There were no significant differences in recruitment methodologies between those studies that had higher (> 20%) rates of inclusion. Conclusions: As minorities are greatly underrepresented in psychedelic medicine studies, reported treatment outcomes may not generalize to all ethnic and cultural groups. -
MASCC/ESMO ANTIEMETIC GUIDELINE 2016 with Updates in 2019
1 ANTIEMETIC GUIDELINES: MASCC/ESMO MASCC/ESMO ANTIEMETIC GUIDELINE 2016 With Updates in 2019 Organizing and Overall Meeting Chairs: Matti Aapro, MD Richard J. Gralla, MD Jørn Herrstedt, MD, DMSci Alex Molassiotis, RN, PhD Fausto Roila, MD © Multinational Association of Supportive Care in CancerTM All rights reserved worldwide. 2 ANTIEMETIC GUIDELINES: MASCC/ESMO These slides are provided to all by the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and can be used freely, provided no changes are made and the MASCC and ESMO logos, as well as date of the information are retained. For questions please contact: Matti Aapro at [email protected] Chair, MASCC Antiemetic Study Group or Alex Molassiotis at [email protected] Past Chair, MASCC Antiemetic Study Group 3 ANTIEMETIC GUIDELINES: MASCC/ESMO Consensus A few comments on this guideline set: • This set of guideline slides represents the latest edition of the guideline process. • This set of slides has been endorsed by the MASCC Antiemetic Guideline Committee and ESMO Guideline Committee. • The guidelines are based on the votes of the panel at the Copenhagen Consensus Conference on Antiemetic Therapy, June 2015. • Latest version: March 2016, with updates in 2019. 4 ANTIEMETIC GUIDELINES: MASCC/ESMO Changes: The Steering Committee has clarified some points: 2016: • A footnote clarified that aprepitant 165 mg is approved by regulatory authorities in some parts of the world ( although no randomised clinical trial has investigated this dose ). Thus use of aprepitant 80 mg in the delayed phase is only for those cases where aprepitant 125 mg is used on day 1. • A probable modification in pediatric guidelines based on the recent Cochrane meta-analysis is indicated. -
Clinical Practice Guideline for Emergency Department Ketamine Dissociative Sedation: 2011 Update
PAIN MANAGEMENT/CONCEPTS Clinical Practice Guideline for Emergency Department Ketamine Dissociative Sedation: 2011 Update Steven M. Green, MD, Mark G. Roback, MD, Robert M. Kennedy, MD, Baruch Krauss, MD, EdM From the Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center and Children’s Hospital, Loma Linda, CA (Green); the Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (Roback); the Division of Emergency Medicine, St. Louis Children’s Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, MO (Kennedy); and the Division of Emergency Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (Krauss). We update an evidence-based clinical practice guideline for the administration of the dissociative agent ketamine for emergency department procedural sedation and analgesia. Substantial new research warrants revision of the widely disseminated 2004 guideline, particularly with respect to contraindications, age recommendations, potential neurotoxicity, and the role of coadministered anticholinergics and benzodiazepines. We critically discuss indications, contraindications, personnel requirements, monitoring, dosing, coadministered medications, recovery issues, and future research questions for ketamine dissociative sedation. [Ann Emerg Med. 2011;xx:xxx.] 0196-0644/$-see front matter Copyright © 2011 by the American College of Emergency Physicians. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2010.11.030 INTRODUCTION thalamocortical and limbic systems, effectively dissociating the The dissociative -
Peakal: Protons I Have Known and Loved — Fifty Shades of Grey-Market Spectra
PeakAL: Protons I Have Known and Loved — Fifty shades of grey-market spectra Stephen J. Chapman* and Arabo A. Avanes * Correspondence to: Isomer Design, 4103-210 Victoria St, Toronto, ON, M5B 2R3, Canada. E-mail: [email protected] 1H NMR spectra of 28 alleged psychedelic phenylethanamines from 15 grey-market internet vendors across North America and Europe were acquired and compared. Members from each of the principal phenylethanamine families were analyzed: eleven para- substituted 2,5-dimethoxyphenylethanamines (the 2C and 2C-T series); four para-substituted 3,5-dimethoxyphenylethanamines (mescaline analogues); two β-substituted phenylethanamines; and ten N-substituted phenylethanamines with a 2-methoxybenzyl (NBOMe), 2-hydroxybenzyl (NBOH), or 2,3-methylenedioxybenzyl (NBMD) amine moiety. 1H NMR spectra for some of these compounds have not been previously reported to our knowledge. Others have reported on the composition of “mystery pills,” single-dose formulations obtained from retail shops and websites. We believe this is the first published survey of bulk “research chemicals” marketed and sold as such. Only one analyte was unequivocally misrepresented. This collection of experimentally uniform spectra may help forensic and harm-reduction organizations identify these compounds, some of which appear only sporadically. The complete spectra are provided as supplementary data.[1] Keywords: 1H NMR, drug checking, grey markets, research chemicals, phenylethanamines, N-benzyl phenylethanamines, PiHKAL DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16889/isomerdesign-1 Published: 1 August 2015 Version: 1.03 “Once you get a serious spectrum collection, Nevertheless, an inherent weakness of grey markets is the the tendency is to push it as far as you can.”1 absence of regulatory oversight. -
2D6 Substrates 2D6 Inhibitors 2D6 Inducers
Physician Guidelines: Drugs Metabolized by Cytochrome P450’s 1 2D6 Substrates Acetaminophen Captopril Dextroamphetamine Fluphenazine Methoxyphenamine Paroxetine Tacrine Ajmaline Carteolol Dextromethorphan Fluvoxamine Metoclopramide Perhexiline Tamoxifen Alprenolol Carvedilol Diazinon Galantamine Metoprolol Perphenazine Tamsulosin Amiflamine Cevimeline Dihydrocodeine Guanoxan Mexiletine Phenacetin Thioridazine Amitriptyline Chloropromazine Diltiazem Haloperidol Mianserin Phenformin Timolol Amphetamine Chlorpheniramine Diprafenone Hydrocodone Minaprine Procainamide Tolterodine Amprenavir Chlorpyrifos Dolasetron Ibogaine Mirtazapine Promethazine Tradodone Aprindine Cinnarizine Donepezil Iloperidone Nefazodone Propafenone Tramadol Aripiprazole Citalopram Doxepin Imipramine Nifedipine Propranolol Trimipramine Atomoxetine Clomipramine Encainide Indoramin Nisoldipine Quanoxan Tropisetron Benztropine Clozapine Ethylmorphine Lidocaine Norcodeine Quetiapine Venlafaxine Bisoprolol Codeine Ezlopitant Loratidine Nortriptyline Ranitidine Verapamil Brofaramine Debrisoquine Flecainide Maprotline olanzapine Remoxipride Zotepine Bufuralol Delavirdine Flunarizine Mequitazine Ondansetron Risperidone Zuclopenthixol Bunitrolol Desipramine Fluoxetine Methadone Oxycodone Sertraline Butylamphetamine Dexfenfluramine Fluperlapine Methamphetamine Parathion Sparteine 2D6 Inhibitors Ajmaline Chlorpromazine Diphenhydramine Indinavir Mibefradil Pimozide Terfenadine Amiodarone Cimetidine Doxorubicin Lasoprazole Moclobemide Quinidine Thioridazine Amitriptyline Cisapride -
The In¯Uence of Medication on Erectile Function
International Journal of Impotence Research (1997) 9, 17±26 ß 1997 Stockton Press All rights reserved 0955-9930/97 $12.00 The in¯uence of medication on erectile function W Meinhardt1, RF Kropman2, P Vermeij3, AAB Lycklama aÁ Nijeholt4 and J Zwartendijk4 1Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 2Department of Urology, Leyenburg Hospital, Leyweg 275, 2545 CH The Hague, The Netherlands; 3Pharmacy; and 4Department of Urology, Leiden University Hospital, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands Keywords: impotence; side-effect; antipsychotic; antihypertensive; physiology; erectile function Introduction stopped their antihypertensive treatment over a ®ve year period, because of side-effects on sexual function.5 In the drug registration procedures sexual Several physiological mechanisms are involved in function is not a major issue. This means that erectile function. A negative in¯uence of prescrip- knowledge of the problem is mainly dependent on tion-drugs on these mechanisms will not always case reports and the lists from side effect registries.6±8 come to the attention of the clinician, whereas a Another way of looking at the problem is drug causing priapism will rarely escape the atten- combining available data on mechanisms of action tion. of drugs with the knowledge of the physiological When erectile function is in¯uenced in a negative mechanisms involved in erectile function. The way compensation may occur. For example, age- advantage of this approach is that remedies may related penile sensory disorders may be compen- evolve from it. sated for by extra stimulation.1 Diminished in¯ux of In this paper we will discuss the subject in the blood will lead to a slower onset of the erection, but following order: may be accepted. -
Properties and Units in Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology
Pure Appl. Chem., Vol. 72, No. 3, pp. 479–552, 2000. © 2000 IUPAC INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE SCIENTIFIC DIVISION COMMITTEE ON NOMENCLATURE, PROPERTIES, AND UNITS (C-NPU)# and INTERNATIONAL UNION OF PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY AND HUMAN HEALTH DIVISION CLINICAL CHEMISTRY SECTION COMMISSION ON NOMENCLATURE, PROPERTIES, AND UNITS (C-NPU)§ PROPERTIES AND UNITS IN THE CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCES PART XII. PROPERTIES AND UNITS IN CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY (Technical Report) (IFCC–IUPAC 1999) Prepared for publication by HENRIK OLESEN1, DAVID COWAN2, RAFAEL DE LA TORRE3 , IVAN BRUUNSHUUS1, MORTEN ROHDE1, and DESMOND KENNY4 1Office of Laboratory Informatics, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark; 2Drug Control Centre, London University, King’s College, London, UK; 3IMIM, Dr. Aiguader 80, Barcelona, Spain; 4Dept. of Clinical Biochemistry, Our Lady’s Hospital for Sick Children, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland #§The combined Memberships of the Committee and the Commission (C-NPU) during the preparation of this report (1994–1996) were as follows: Chairman: H. Olesen (Denmark, 1989–1995); D. Kenny (Ireland, 1996); Members: X. Fuentes-Arderiu (Spain, 1991–1997); J. G. Hill (Canada, 1987–1997); D. Kenny (Ireland, 1994–1997); H. Olesen (Denmark, 1985–1995); P. L. Storring (UK, 1989–1995); P. Soares de Araujo (Brazil, 1994–1997); R. Dybkær (Denmark, 1996–1997); C. McDonald (USA, 1996–1997). Please forward comments to: H. Olesen, Office of Laboratory Informatics 76-6-1, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), 9 Blegdamsvej, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. E-mail: [email protected] Republication or reproduction of this report or its storage and/or dissemination by electronic means is permitted without the need for formal IUPAC permission on condition that an acknowledgment, with full reference to the source, along with use of the copyright symbol ©, the name IUPAC, and the year of publication, are prominently visible. -
Selective Labeling of Serotonin Receptors Byd-[3H]Lysergic Acid
Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 75, No. 12, pp. 5783-5787, December 1978 Biochemistry Selective labeling of serotonin receptors by d-[3H]lysergic acid diethylamide in calf caudate (ergots/hallucinogens/tryptamines/norepinephrine/dopamine) PATRICIA M. WHITAKER AND PHILIP SEEMAN* Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 1A8 Communicated by Philip Siekevltz, August 18,1978 ABSTRACT Since it was known that d-lysergic acid di- The objective in this present study was to improve the se- ethylamide (LSD) affected catecholaminergic as well as sero- lectivity of [3H]LSD for serotonin receptors, concomitantly toninergic neurons, the objective in this study was to enhance using other drugs to block a-adrenergic and dopamine receptors the selectivity of [3HJISD binding to serotonin receptors in vitro by using crude homogenates of calf caudate. In the presence of (cf. refs. 36-38). We then compared the potencies of various a combination of 50 nM each of phentolamine (adde to pre- drugs on this selective [3H]LSD binding and compared these clude the binding of [3HJLSD to a-adrenoceptors), apmo ie, data to those for the high-affinity binding of [3H]serotonin and spiperone (added to preclude the binding of [3H[LSD to (39). dopamine receptors), it was found by Scatchard analysis that the total number of 3H sites went down to 300 fmol/mg, compared to 1100 fmol/mg in the absence of the catechol- METHODS amine-blocking drugs. The IC50 values (concentrations to inhibit Preparation of Membranes. Calf brains were obtained fresh binding by 50%) for various drugs were tested on the binding of [3HLSD in the presence of 50 nM each of apomorphine (A), from the Canada Packers Hunisett plant (Toronto). -
Programme & Abstracts
The 57th Annual Meeting of the International Association of Forensic Toxicologists. 2nd - 6th September 2019 BIRMINGHAM, UK The ICC Birmingham Broad Street, Birmingham B1 2EA Programme & Abstracts 1 Thank You to our Sponsors PlatinUm Gold Silver Bronze 2 3 Contents Welcome message 5 Committees 6 General information 7 iCC maps 8 exhibitors list 10 Exhibition Hall 11 Social Programme 14 opening Ceremony 15 Schedule 16 Oral Programme MONDAY 2 September 19 TUESDAY 3 September 21 THURSDAY 5 September 28 FRIDAY 6 September 35 vendor Seminars 42 Posters 46 oral abstracts 82 Poster abstracts 178 4 Welcome Message It is our great pleasure to welcome you to TIAFT Gala Dinner at the ICC on Friday evening. On the accompanying pages you will see a strong the UK for the 57th Annual Meeting of scientific agenda relevant to modern toxicology and we The International Association of Forensic thank all those who submitted an abstract and the Toxicologists Scientific Committees for making the scientific programme (TIAFT) between 2nd and 6th a success. Starting with a large Young Scientists September 2019. Symposium and Dr Yoo Memorial plenary lecture by Prof Tony Moffat on Monday, there are oral session topics in It has been decades since the Annual Meeting has taken Clinical & Post-Mortem Toxicology on Tuesday, place in the country where TIAFT was founded over 50 years Human Behaviour Toxicology & Drug-Facilitated Crime on ago. The meeting is supported by LTG (London Toxicology Thursday and Toxicology in Sport, New Innovations and Group) and the UKIAFT (UK & Ireland Association of Novel Research & Employment/Occupational Toxicology Forensic Toxicologists) and we thank all our exhibitors and on Friday. -
HIGHLIGHTS of PRESCRIBING INFORMATION These Highlights Do
HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION These highlights do not include all the information needed to use MEMANTINE and DONEPEZIL ---------------------CONTRAINDICATIONS -------------------- HYDROCHLORIDES EXTENDED-RELEASE Memantine and donepezil hydrochlorides extended-release CAPSULES safely and effectively. See full prescribing capsules are contraindicated in patients with known information for MEMANTINE and DONEPEZIL hypersensitivity to memantine hydrochloride, donepezil HYDROCHLORIDES EXTENDED-RELEASE hydrochloride, piperidine derivatives, or to any excipients CAPSULES. used in the formulation. (4) MEMANTINE and DONEPEZIL HYDROCHLORIDES ------------------WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ---------- extended-release capsules, for oral use • Memantine and donepezil hydrochlorides extended- Initial U.S. Approval: 2014 release is likely to exaggerate succinylcholine-type muscle relaxation during anesthesia. (5.1) ------------------RECENT MAJOR CHANGES ----------------- • Memantine and donepezil hydrochlorides extended- Indications and Usage (1) 07/2016 release may have vagotonic effects on the sinoatrial and Dosage and Administration (2.1, 2.3) 07/2016 atrioventricular nodes manifesting as bradycardia or heart block. (5.2) ------------------INDICATIONS AND USAGE------------------ • Monitor patients for symptoms of active or occult Memantine and donepezil hydrochlorides extended-release gastrointestinal bleeding, especially those at increased capsules are a combination of memantine hydrochloride, an risk for developing ulcers. (5.3) NMDA receptor -
Pharmacology and Toxicology of Amphetamine and Related Designer Drugs
Pharmacology and Toxicology of Amphetamine and Related Designer Drugs U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES • Public Health Service • Alcohol Drug Abuse and Mental Health Administration Pharmacology and Toxicology of Amphetamine and Related Designer Drugs Editors: Khursheed Asghar, Ph.D. Division of Preclinical Research National Institute on Drug Abuse Errol De Souza, Ph.D. Addiction Research Center National Institute on Drug Abuse NIDA Research Monograph 94 1989 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration National Institute on Drug Abuse 5600 Fishers Lane Rockville, MD 20857 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, DC 20402 Pharmacology and Toxicology of Amphetamine and Related Designer Drugs ACKNOWLEDGMENT This monograph is based upon papers and discussion from a technical review on pharmacology and toxicology of amphetamine and related designer drugs that took place on August 2 through 4, 1988, in Bethesda, MD. The review meeting was sponsored by the Biomedical Branch, Division of Preclinical Research, and the Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse. COPYRIGHT STATUS The National Institute on Drug Abuse has obtained permission from the copyright holders to reproduce certain previously published material as noted in the text. Further reproduction of this copyrighted material is permitted only as part of a reprinting of the entire publication or chapter. For any other use, the copyright holder’s permission is required. All other matieral in this volume except quoted passages from copyrighted sources is in the public domain and may be used or reproduced without permission from the Institute or the authors. -
Near the Himalayas, from Kashmir to Sikkim, at Altitudes the Catholic Inquisition, and the Traditional Use of These of up to 2700 Meters
Year of edition: 2018 Authors of the text: Marc Aixalà & José Carlos Bouso Edition: Alex Verdaguer | Genís Oña | Kiko Castellanos Illustrations: Alba Teixidor EU Project: New Approaches in Harm Reduction Policies and Practices (NAHRPP) Special thanks to collaborators Alejandro Ponce (in Peyote report) and Eduardo Carchedi (in Kambó report). TECHNICAL REPORT ON PSYCHOACTIVE ETHNOBOTANICALS Volumes I - II - III ICEERS International Center for Ethnobotanical Education Research and Service INDEX SALVIA DIVINORUM 7 AMANITA MUSCARIA 13 DATURA STRAMONIUM 19 KRATOM 23 PEYOTE 29 BUFO ALVARIUS 37 PSILOCYBIN MUSHROOMS 43 IPOMOEA VIOLACEA 51 AYAHUASCA 57 IBOGA 67 KAMBÓ 73 SAN PEDRO 79 6 SALVIA DIVINORUM SALVIA DIVINORUM The effects of the Hierba Pastora have been used by Mazatec Indians since ancient times to treat diseases and for divinatory purposes. The psychoactive compound Salvia divinorum contains, Salvinorin A, is the most potent naturally occurring psychoactive substance known. BASIC INFO Ska Pastora has been used in divination and healing Salvia divinorum is a perennial plant native to the Maza- rituals, similar to psilocybin mushrooms. Maria Sabina tec areas of the Sierra Madre Oriental Mountains of Mexi- told Wasson and Hofmann (the discoverers of its Mazatec co. Its habitat is tropical forests, where it grows between usage) that Salvia divinorum was used in times when the- 300 and 800 meters above sea level. It belongs to the re was a shortage of mushrooms. Some sources that have Lamiaceae family, and is mainly reproduced by cuttings done later feldwork point out that the use of S. divinorum since it rarely produces seeds. may be more widespread than originally believed, even in times when mushrooms were abundant.