Short Answer Or Fill-In

Name ______INT 256 - Tree Pests and Disease Exam #3 - Dr. Livingston’s lectures: 42 Points May 3, 2004

Short answer or fill-in: Insert the best term or statement for answering the following questions. Note: up to 5 extra credit points can be earned if answers give more information than required. 0. (2 pt) What can you look for on American chestnut to diagnose the presence of Endothia parasitica? (2 possibilities)

a)______

b)______

1. (2 pt) What are two characteristics that made the American chestnut the most valuable tree in the East prior to 1900?

a)______

b)______

2. (3 pt) What is one control strategy for chestnut blight:

______

Why is this effective? (1 major reason)

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3. (6 pt) Give 3 reasons why Dutch elm disease is easier to manage (trees can survive) then chestnut blight:

a)CB has :______

______

DEDhas:______

______

b)CB has :______

______

DEDhas:______

______

c)CB has :______

______

DEDhas:______

______

4. (3 pt) Is sugar maple as susceptible to a vascular wilt disease as American elm? Yes No

Explain______

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5. (3 pt) What is one reactive control option for Dutch elm disease:

______

Why is this effective? (1 major reason)

______

6. (2 pt) What is a phytoplasma?

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7. (2 pt) What is one way that you can distinguish elm yellows from Dutch elm disease?

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8. (3 pt) What are 3 control options commonly found in disease complexes involving exotic fungal pathogens? a)______b)______c)______4

9. (6 pt) What are three predisposing factors that made it possible for kudzu to become a major pest. Explain how each factor favored kudzu.

a)______

______

b)______

______

c)______

______

10. (3 pt) What are three control options for reducing the adverse impact of kudzu:

a)______

b)______

c)______

______

11. (3 pt) Why type of climate favors the spread of the pathogen that incites sudden oak death syndrome (SODS)?:

______

Why is this so?

______

12. (1 pt) What is the primary inciting factor in SODS?:

______

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13. (1 pt) How do you confirm the presence of the SODS pathogen?

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14. (2 pt) What are two critical control options for reducing the chance of spreading the SODS pathogen? a)______b)______