Select Department Name from Departments
Sql workshop – object browser –DEPARTMENTS-
Column Name / Data Type / Nullable / Default / Primary Key /DEPARTMENT_ID / NUMBER(4,0) / No / - / 1
DEPARTMENT_NAME / VARCHAR2(30) / No / - / -
MANAGER_ID / NUMBER(6,0) / Yes / - / -
LOCATION_ID / NUMBER(4,0) / Yes / - / -
Data
EDIT / DEPARTMENT_ID / DEPARTMENT_NAME / MANAGER_ID / LOCATION_ID // 10 / Administration / 200 / 1700
/ 20 / Marketing / 201 / 1800
/ 50 / Shipping / 124 / 1500
/ 60 / IT / 103 / 1400
/ 80 / Sales / 149 / 2500
/ 90 / Executive / 100 / 1700
/ 110 / Accounting / 205 / 1700
/ 190 / Contracting / - / 1700
Constraint / Type / Search Condition / Related Constraint / Columns / Delete Rule / Status / Last Change / Index / Invalid
DEPT_ID_PK / Primary / - / - / DEPARTMENT_ID / - / ENABLED / 08/23/2013 11:19:57 AM / DEPT_ID_PK / -
DEPT_LOC_FK / Foreign / - / DEPT_LOC_FK (RO_1505_SQL01_T01.LOCATIONS) / LOCATION_ID / NO ACTION / ENABLED / 08/23/2013 11:19:58 AM / - / -
DEPT_MGR_FK / Foreign / - / DEPT_MGR_FK (RO_1505_SQL01_T01.EMPLOYEES) / MANAGER_ID / NO ACTION / ENABLED / 08/23/2013 11:19:58 AM / - / -
DEPT_NAME_NN / Check / "DEPARTMENT_NAME" IS NOT NULL / - / - / - / ENABLED / 08/23/2013 11:19:57 AM / - / -
………….
LOCATIONS
Column Name / Data Type / Nullable / Default / Primary Key /LOCATION_ID / NUMBER(4,0) / No / - / 1
STREET_ADDRESS / VARCHAR2(40) / Yes / - / -
POSTAL_CODE / VARCHAR2(12) / Yes / - / -
CITY / VARCHAR2(30) / No / - / -
STATE_PROVINCE / VARCHAR2(25) / Yes / - / -
COUNTRY_ID / CHAR(2) / Yes / - / -
EDIT / LOCATION_ID / STREET_ADDRESS / POSTAL_CODE / CITY / STATE_PROVINCE / COUNTRY_ID /
/ 1800 / 460 Bloor St. W. / ON M5S 1X8 / Toronto / Ontario / CA
/ 2500 / Magdalen Centre, The Oxford Science Park / OX9 9ZB / Oxford / Oxford / UK
/ 1400 / 2014 Jabberwocky Rd / 26192 / Southlake / Texas / US
/ 1500 / 2011 Interiors Blvd / 99236 / South San Francisco / California / US
/ 1700 / 2004 Charade Rd / 98199 / Seattle / Washington / US
Constraint / Type / Search Condition / Related Constraint / Columns / Delete Rule / Status / Last Change / Index / Invalid
LOC_ID_PK / Primary / - / - / LOCATION_ID / - / ENABLED / 08/23/2013 11:19:57 AM / LOC_ID_PK / -
LOC_CITY_NN / Check / "CITY" IS NOT NULL / - / - / - / ENABLED / 08/23/2013 11:19:57 AM / - / -
LOC_C_ID_FK / Foreign / - / LOC_C_ID_FK (RO_1505_SQL01_T01.COUNTRIES) / COUNTRY_ID / NO ACTION / ENABLED / 08/23/2013 11:19:57 AM / - / -
SQL Workshop---SQL Commands
SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME FROM DEPARTMENTS
WHERE LOCATION_ID=1700
SELECT a.DEPARTMENT_NAME, b.CITY, b.COUNTRY_ID, a.DEPARTMENT_NAME
FROM DEPARTMENTS a JOIN LOCATIONS b
ON ( a.LOCATION_ID = b.LOCATION_ID )
SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME,DEPARTMENT_NAME FROM DEPARTMENTS
UNION ALL
SELECT CITY, COUNTRY_ID FROM LOCATIONS
SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME,DEPARTMENT_NAME FROM DEPARTMENTS
INTERSECT
SELECT CITY, COUNTRY_ID FROM LOCATIONS
SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME,DEPARTMENT_NAME FROM DEPARTMENTS
MINUS
SELECT CITY, COUNTRY_ID FROM LOCATIONS
SELECT avg(MANAGER_ID)
FROM DEPARTMENTS a, LOCATIONS b
WHERE (a.LOCATION_ID=1700) AND (b.COUNTRY_ID='US')
SELECT a.LOCATION_ID a.DEPARTMENT_NAME, b.CITY, b.COUNTRY_ID,
FROM DEPARTMENTS a JOIN LOCATIONS b
ON ( a.LOCATION_ID = b.LOCATION_ID )
!!! GROUP BY a.LOCATION_ID
!!! HAVING b.COUNTRY_ID='US'
SELECT * FROM DEPARTMENTS
WHERE DEPARTMENT_NAME > ANY ( SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME FROM DEPARTMENTS
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID> 100)
SELECT * FROM DEPARTMENTS
WHERE DEPARTMENT_NAME IN ( SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME FROM DEPARTMENTS
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID> 100)
SELECT * FROM DEPARTMENTS
WHERE DEPARTMENT_NAME >ALL ( SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME FROM DEPARTMENTS
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID> 100)
SELECT * FROM DEPARTMENTS
WHERE DEPARTMENT_NAME >ANY ( SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME FROM DEPARTMENTS
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID> 100)
SELECT * FROM DEPARTMENTS
WHERE EXISTS ( SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME FROM DEPARTMENTS
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID> 100)
IN =ANY
NOT IN >ALL
<ANY <maxim
>ANY >minim
<ALL <minim
>ALL >maxim
Constrangeri: NOT NULL, UNIQUE, CHECK
CREATE TABLE unu {
CNP number(13) CONSTRAINT unu_pk PRIMARY KEY ,
Nume varchar2(20) NOT NULL, loc varchar2(10) DEFAULT ‘IASI’ NOT NULL,}
Sau
CREATE TABLE doi {
Nume varchar2(20) NOT NULL,
Prenume varchar2(20) NOT NULL,
loc varchar2(10) DEFAULT ‘IASI’ NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT unu_pk PRIMARY KEY( nume, prenume)
}
Sau
CREATE TABLE trei {
CNP number(13) UNIQUE
Nume varchar2(20) NOT NULL,
Prenume varchar2(20) NOT NULL,
Cod_echipa number(3) REFERENCES echipe(cod),
Cod_echipa number(3) CONSTRAINT ech_fk REFERENCES echipe(cod),
Cod_echipa number(3), FOREIGN KEY(cod_echipa) REFERENCES echipe(cod),
Cod_echipa number(3) CONSTRAINT test_fk FOREIGN KEY cod(echipa) REFERENCES echipe(cod) ON DELETE CASCADE,
Cod_echipa number(3) CONSTRAINT test_fk FOREIGN KEY cod(echipa) REFERENCES echipe(cod) ON DELETE SET NULL,
loc varchar2(10) DEFAULT ‘IASI’ NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT unu_pk PRIMARY KEY( nume, prenume)
}
Modificare table:
Adaugare coloana
ALTER TABLE unu ADD camp_nou number(4)UNIQUE
ALTER TABLE unu ADD camp_nou number(4) NOT NULL
ALTER TABLE unu ADD camp_nou number(4)PRIMARY KEY
Stergere coloana
ALTER TABLE unu DROP COLUMN camp_nou
ALTER TABLE unu DROP COLUMN camp_nou CASCADE CONSTRAINTS
MODIFICAREA unei coloane
ALTER TABLE unu MODIFY camp_nou VARCHAR2(20) DEFAULT ‘D’
Adaugarea unei constrangeri
ALTER TABLE unu ADD PRIMARY KEY( numecol)
ALTER TABLE unu ADD CONSTRAINT unu_pk PRIMARY KEY(numecol)
ALTER TABLE unu MODIFY numecol VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL
STERGERE CONSTRANGERI
ALTER TABLE unu DROP CONSTRAINT numeconstrangere
ALTER TABLE unu DROP PRIMARY KEY
ALTER TABLE unu DROP UNIQUE (lista_col)