Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences s104
PROFORMA FOR REGESTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION
MR. MAJO JACOB PHILIP
1ST YEAR M.Sc NURSING
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
YEAR 2011-2013
PADMASHREE COLLEGE OF NURSING
GURUKRUPA LAYOUT, NAGARBHAVI
BANGALORE-560072
RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES
BANGALORE, KARNATAKA
PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION
111 / NAME OF THE CANDIDATE AND ADDRESS /
Mr. Majo Jacob Philip
Ist year M.Sc. Nursing
Padmashree College of NursingNo.23, 80 feet Road
Gurukrupa Layout, Nagarbhavi
Bangalore-560072
22
2 / NAME OF THE INSTITUTION / Padmashree College of Nursing
Bangalore
33
3 / COURSE OF THE STUDY AND SUBJECT / 1st year M.Sc Nursing
Community Health Nursing
44
4 / DATE OF ADMISSION / 13-6-2011
55
5 / TITLE OF THE STUDY / A descriptive study to assess the knowledge and attitude of household members regarding the importance of kitchen garden in selected urban community, Bangalore.
6. BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK
6.1 INTRODUCTION
“The best place to seek God is in a garden.
You can dig for him there”
George Bernard Shaw, The Adventures of the Black Girl in Her Search for God, 1932.
Health is a precious possession and an asset for the individual, family, community and even the nation. Only healthy people are able to put in efforts and competencies for their own as well as nations socio economic and cultural development. Health as such is not static; it is a dynamic state which exists on a continuum from optimum health to death. It gets influenced by various factors related to human biology, lifestyle, environment and resources. People need to adopt and modify various factors to sustain a state of equilibrium and there by promote, protect, regain and maintain their health1.
Men have grown much in the past decade. From a premature cave man to an urban social being, we have grown. But, sadly this journey to the present, took us far from our nature. With growing technologies and facilities, Health problems too began to arise. It is alarming to know that, the world, as per a WHO survey in 2004, spent a total of US$ 4.1 trillion on health, which is equivalent to 4.9 trillion international Dollars- a part which is expected to double by 2030. A major portion of this can be attributed to nutritional problems2.
From the first day of our conception to the dying day, we need to nourish our body with good food and nutrients. But the modern world with its fast food mantra, food adulteration and pesticide usage has led us to innumerable health problem. The current status calls for a return journey- a walk, back to nature
It is worldly wisdom that we should eat our greens. That is the way to health, and if we grow our own greens, we will have health and happiness. Whenever you take up any creative activity you are bound to be happy, gardening included. Kitchen gardening add so much spice to one's life. Our elders laid much emphasis on the importance of garden produce for good diet, well before doctors started advising us about vitamins, minerals, and fibers. These play an important role in health through the prevention of heart disease, cancer and diabetes etc3.
The global incidence of food borne diseases is difficult to estimate, WHO reports that in the year 2005, 1.8 million people died from diarrheal diseases that were mainly caused by contaminated food and drinking water. The number of people suffering from food borne diseases in developed countries is up to 30%. In the United States of America alone it is estimated that 76 million cases of food-borne diseases, resulting325,000 hospitalizations and 5000 deaths, occur each year4.
A case study in Hyderabad, India regarding Perceptions of women on food safety shows Infants and children are affected most by food borne illnesses. In India, about 400,000 children (<5 years) die every year due to diarrhoea. Many more suffer from Hepatitis A, enteric fever etc. caused by poor hygiene and unsafe food/drinking water (UNICEF, 2004)5.
A study conducted by Dept. of Community Medicine, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra on the knowledge and practices among food handlers 83 member who were involved in food serving cleaning and in food preparation. The level of knowledge was not satisfactory regarding food, food hygiene and about personal hygiene. Majority of food handlers were not practicing safe methods of food preparation and serving, and cleaning of food establishment6.
TheWorld Bankestimates thatIndiais ranked 2nd in the world for the number of children suffering frommalnutrition, afterBangladesh(in 1998), where 47% of the children exhibit a degree of malnutrition. The prevalence of underweight children in India is among the highest in the world, and is nearly double that ofSub-Saharan Africawith dire consequences for mobility, mortality, productivity and economic growth7.
Even in all these rising problem, we live oblivious to the fact that the solution lies in our backyard and terrace. An article in news paper “THE HINDU” dated
9-07-11 says that 200-sq. ft space is all one need to get 300 days supply of vegetables8.
6.2 NEED FOR STUDY
Nations wealth and strength depend upon nation’s health. Food is the foundation of good health. Ensure good nutrition for the children for good healthy future generation. “Better nutrition, better life”9.
Health problems are many to count. Acute health problems may occur by exposing to pesticides, such as abdominal pain, dizziness, headaches, nausea, vomiting, as well as skin and eye problems. its long term exposure being a causative factor for cancer and neurological disorders too besides its obvious environmental effects10.
The global incidence of food borne diseases is difficult to estimate, WHO reports that in the year 2005, 1.8 million people died from diarrhoeal diseases that were mainly caused by contaminated food and drinking water. The number of people suffering from food borne diseases in developed countries is up to 30%. In the United States of America alone it is estimated that 76 million cases of food-borne diseases, resulting in 325,000 hospitalizations and 5000 deaths, occur each year11.
Fast food consumption has increased dramatically in the general population over the last 25 years.Americans currently consume an average of 0.27 fast food meals per day .Moreover, fast food consumption tends to be associated with an excess intake of undesirable nutrients (sugar, sodium, saturated and trans fats) and a reduced intake of desirable nutrients (e.g. vitamins and minerals from fruits and vegetables, calcium, fiber).
According to world health statistics leading causes of death in 2004 is Ischemic heart disease (12.2%), cerebrovascular disease (9.7%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (5.1%), cancer (3.7%), and diabetic mellitus (1.9%), and hypertensive heart disease (1.7%). They are expecting this statistical report would be increase gradually by 2030. It could be Ischemic heart disease (14.2%), cerebrovascular disease (12.1%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (8.6%), cancer (10.5%), diabetic mellitus (3.3%), and hypertensive heart disease (2.1%). This underlines the need to raise a great alarm for the human race to change their food habits, for, a national nutrition survey research shows that daily consumption of fruits and vegetables decrease risk of stroke, cancer, and heart disease, improved memory and lower blood sugar levels11.
The basic advantages of having one’s own kitchen garden are environment friendly, promotes good health and co-efficient. Plantinggreens is always beneficial for both humans and the environment alike. Oxygen is produced by plants, and in general, creating your own kitchen garden promotes that purpose itself. Crops grown here do not rely on chemical additives that are harmful to the crop, the consumer, and the environment.
A good ecosystem promotes itself beneficial for otherbiological organismsalong with the planted crop. The fact that kitchen gardens are grown naturally, one can be assured that no chemicals are added to promote long term sicknesses. Basically, what you see is what you get, and it’s a good feeling to know that you are eating what you planted and can be assured of safety.
Creating own kitchen garden saves a lot of money. Instead of buying fruits and vegetables in the market, you can grow your own; therefore, saving you a lot of money. Remember that healthy lifestyle is at high demand, so products that actually promote them have a high price tag on them. For those interested, you should not worry at all on how you can make your own kitchen garden. You do not need a huge strip of land to come up with one. This must be a good exercise for the house hold members and for old age peoples12.
An article in news paper “ECONOMIC TIMES” on 18th November 2010 says about the organic farm begins at city homes .It is unbelievable that the urban farmers are using every inches of available space for growing fresh vegetables that are salubrious for house hold budgets as well, especially in their times of food inflation. In Thiruvananthapuram’s Thaliyil colony, 75 families have begun growing vegetables on terraces.
In West Bengal one of the key vegetables producing state in the country.Bulders are producing special roof garden vegetables and house wife’s are attending classes on horticulture. Indian families are spending 6% of their monthly budget on fresh vegetables along , according to NSSO 2011 data .The centers are steps to boost supply of vegetables tame double digit food inflation, with an outlet of 300 crore to promote for the urban agriculture in 29 state capitals.80% of fresh vegetables in Cuba grown with in cities.
The United Nation estimate that urbanization in India will increase from 31% - 41% by 2025.The national horticulture says that , importance of urban agriculture will increase year by year as transportation cost keep increasing .Kerala horticulture mission which is implementing a pilot project in Thiruvananthapuram in kitchen garden. The department supply free vegetables seeds and organic chemicals in each house. In Bangalore around 200 houses that meet 1% city vegetable demands. In every cities a rush pulling can see towards kitchen gardening13.
One needs to segregate only a small portion of his/her home for ones own kitchen garden. If one does not have much space, then he/she can even plant the crops in pots and otherrecyclable containers. Brinjal on your balcony, beetroot in your backyard all you need is 20-sq.ft space to get 300 days’ supply of vegetable with hands reach. All these things emphasized the importance of study in our present scenario.
6.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
A descriptive study to assess the knowledge and attitude of household members of the family regarding the importance of kitchen garden in selected urban community, Bangalore.
6.4 OBJECTIVES
1. To assess the existing knowledge regarding the importance of kitchen garden among household members.
2. To assess the existing attitude regarding the importance of kitchen garden among household members.
3. To correlate the knowledge and attitude regarding the importance of kitchen garden among household members.
4. To find out the association of knowledge and attitude of household members with selected demographic variables.
5. To prepare an informational booklet regarding the importance of kitchen garden.
6.5 OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS
1. Knowledge: It refers to the level of understanding or the awareness of household members on the importance of kitchen garden.
2. Attitude: It refers to the opinions or views of household members towards kitchen garden and its importance which will be measured by using a three point LIKERT scale.
3. Household member: It refers to any member of a family who are adult and have interest towards kitchen gardening.
4. Kitchen garden: It is an art of developing a garden within the space available around the house/on the roof by growing vegetable, plants, creepers and herbs.
6.6 ASSUMPTIONS
Ø Household members may have less knowledge and attitude regarding importance of kitchen garden.
Ø Household member’s knowledge may vary on economic background and space availability for kitchen garden.
6.7 HYPOTHESIS
H1-: There will be a significant correlation of the knowledge and attitude scores regarding the importance of kitchen garden among household members.
H2-: There will be a significant association of the knowledge and attitude regarding the importance of kitchen garden among household members with the selected demographic variables.
6.8 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
The term literature review refers to the activities involved in identifying and searching information on a topic and developing an understanding of the state of knowledge on topic. Also review of literature is a written summary of the state and the art of a research problem. Literature review is an essential step in the whole process of research. Therefore the researcher has reviewed literature with regard to the problem by referring books, journals, thesis, etc.
In this study the relavant literature reviewed has been organized and presented under the following headings.
1. Literature related to importance of kitchen gardening.
2. Literature related to knowledge regarding the importance of nutrition.
1. Literature related to importance of kitchen gardening
A study was conducted regarding urban food gardening in pacific islands as the basis for food security in rapidly urbanizing small-island states. It is an important means of overcoming problems caused by unemployment, inequality, poverty, falling real wages, malnutrition and nutrition-related degenerative diseases in the small-island states of the Pacific Ocean, such as Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Tonga, Kiribati and Nauru. This paper argues that the formal promotion, expansion and improvement of small-scale urban food gardening is a direct and economically, socially, technologically and nutritionally appropriate means of bringing about sustainable national development and promoting food security14.
A Longitudinal Study about the Agricultural Intensification and Labor Productivity in a Philippine Vegetable Gardening Community concerns the evolution of commercial vegetable gardening as a source of household livelihood in a Philippine farming community during 1971-1988. This period was locally marked by dramatic population growth and agricultural intensification; Reasons for greater labor productivity in 1988 included increased market opportunity, improved efficiency in production and marketing, and technological change. These and other changes that have made gardening a more attractive production of choice today. The nutrition interventions, including kitchen gardens and nutrition education, offer a potentially approach to reduce the multiple nutritional deficiencies, in developing countries15.