Matter Classification and Change
Chem-H: A Name
Matter Classification and Change
Date
A. Recognizing Concepts
Select the best answer and write its letter in the space at the left. Use the reference tables in the Appendix as needed.
- ______As a substance is being melted at constant temperature, its potential energy
(A) increases (B) decreases (C) remains the same
- ______The change from the solid phase to the liquid phase is
(A) sublimation (B) evaporation (C) condensation (D) melting
- ______The change from the solid phase directly to the gas phase is
(A) sublimation (B) evaporation (C) condensation (D) melting
- ______Which is a synonym for fusion?
(A) vaporization (B) crystallization (C) melting (D) condensation
- ______As temperature increases, the vapor pressure of water
(A) increases (B) decreases (C) remains the same
- ______Which one of the following properties differentiates a gas from a liquid and a solid?
(A) all have measured density values
(B) all undergo thermal expansion to a greater or lesser degree
(C) all can be compressed to a greater or lesser degree
(D) all occupy the entire volume of the container in which they are placed
(E) all three phases are chemically reactive to a greater or lesser degree
- ______For most substances, heat of vaporization is greater than heat of fusion. Which is the best explanation for this?
(A) Vaporization takes place at higher temperatures than fusion.
(B) For most substances, the liquid phase has a lower density than the solid phase.
(C) Larger quantities of substances are required for vaporization of most substances.
(D) Vaporization requires the movement of molecules farther apart than fusion does.
- ______When a sample of a liquid at the normal boiling point is converted to the gas phase, the energy added is used to
(A) increase molecular velocity
(B) overcome forces of attraction between molecules
(C) decrease vapor pressure
(D) increase average kinetic energy
- ______Which sample has molecules having the greatest average kinetic energy?
(A) 1.0 liter of oxygen at 20ºC (C) 2.0 liters of oxygen at 5ºC
(B) 2.0 liters of hydrogen at 15ºC (D) 1.0 liter of hydrogen at 10ºC
10. ______is an example of a homogeneous material
a. Wood b. Sugar c. Concrete d. Pizza
11. ______Ice and ______are different phases of the same substance.
a. mercury b. steam c. alcohol d. dry ice
12. ______If a sample of a material contains three phases and two interfaces, the sample is
a. homogeneous c. a solution
b. heterogeneous d. homogeneous or heterogeneous
13. ______Substances may be either ____ or compounds.
a. elements b. mixtures c. solutions d. heterogeneous materials
14. ______A solution is a(n) _____
a. compound b. element c. substance d. mixture
15. ______is a compound.
a. Copper b. Oxygen c. Carbon dioxide d. Antifreeze
16. ______is a material but not a substance.
a. Sulfur b. Air c. Sugar d. Carbon dioxide
17. ______A solution is homogeneous, therefore it has only one set of properties.
a. True b. False
18. ______Salt is dissolved in some water. The water is the _____.
a. solution b. interface c. solute d. solvent
19. ______Ductility and malleability are _____ properties.
a. intensive b. chemical c. extensive d. electrical
20. ______is an extensive property.
a. Conductivity b. Volume c. Temperature d. Boiling point
21. ______Distillation is used to separate liquids with different _____.
a. freezing points b. solubilities c. boiling points d. densities
22. ______When a chemical change takes place, a new _____ is always formed.
a. substance b. element c. mixture d. solution
23. ______Fractional crystallization is used to separate substances in the same solution
having different _____.
a. freezing points b. solubilities c. densities d. boiling points
24. ______Solutions can usually be broken down into their constituent substances by _____.
a. physical change c. chemical change
b. distillation d. fractional crystallization
25. ______is transferred because of a temperature difference between two objects.
a. Heat b. Sound c. Light d. Chemical energy
26. ______All of the following are physical properties of water EXCEPT _____.
a. it has a density of 1 g/cm3 at 4ºC c. it does not burn
b. it forms hexagonal crystals d. it melts at 0ºC
27. ______The material in the following group is _____.
a. syrup b. salt c. nickel d. all of these
B. True-False Questions: Recognizing Concepts
Determine if each statement is true or false and write the word in the blank at the left.
28. ______A pure compound has variable properties that depend on its source.
29. ______Density is a physical property of matter.
30. ______Chemical properties describe changes that substances undergo, which convert
them into new substances.
31. ______Heterogeneous mixtures are uniform throughout and do not exhibit phase
boundaries.
32. ______Mississippi river water is a homogeneous mixture.
33. ______A homogeneous substance could be a pure element, a pure compound, or a
solution.
34. ______Substances with invariant properties are either elements or compounds.
35. ______The melting of ice involves a change in chemical composition and water is
formed.
36. ______During combustion, substances such as wood or gasoline are converted into new
substances.
37. ______The properties of a solution can vary. Ex: salt/water solution
38. ______The intensive properties of a compound will vary with the size of this sample.
39. ______A single phase of matter is homogenous.
C. Interpreting Concepts
1. Classify each of the following materials as (C) a compound, (E) an element, (H) a heterogeneous mixture, or (S) a solution.
____a. copper turnings, Cu ____f. ocean water
____b. eye drops ____g. prepared coffee
____c. sulfur, S ____h. mustard
____d. sucrose (C12H22O11) ____i. brass ring
____e. Drano’s effective agent, NaOH ____j. aluminum foil, Al
2. Identify each of the following changes as (1) chemical or (2) physical.
____a. grinding meat into a hamburger ____f. dropping an Alka-Seltzer tablet into
a glass of water
____b. rusting of a car bumper ____g. tarnishing of a silver ring
____c. sanding a piece of wood ____h. bleaching hair
____d. copper II chloride in water ____i. sublimation of dry ice, CO2
____e. production of sound by vocal chords ____j. formation of clouds
3. Label the appropriate space using each of these terms: heterogeneous mixture (H); element (E); solution (S); compound (C). (MHMTOA)
a. variable composition ______d. one phase ______
b. definite composition ______e. separated by physical means ______
c. one kind of atom ______f. is a substance ______
g. is pure ______
4. Indicate the type of property each of the following statements is describing as (1) chemical, (2) extensive physical, or (3) intensive physical.
____a. Oxygen is needed for objects to burn.
____b. Copper is very ductile.
____c. The mass of a peanut is 6.1 g.
____d. The boiling point of ethyl ether is 34.6ºC.
____e. The volume of soda in the bottle is 1 dm3.
____f. Copper is an excellent conductor of electricity.
____g. Sodium reacts vigorously with water.
____h. The density of silver is 10.50 g/cm3.
____i. Vegetables “rot” if left in the refrigerator too long.
____j. Platinum is a very stable metal.
I. Determine whether each statement is True, “A” or False, “B”.
1. ______A specific kind of matter such as wood is referred to as a substance.
2. ______A substance composed of only one kind of atom is said to be a solution.
3. ______Matter is anything that has inertia.
4. ______The water in saltwater is referred to as the solute.
5. ______Heterogeneous matter is always a mixture.
6. ______Another name for solution is homogeneous mixture.
7. ______Substances include elements, compounds, and solutions.
8. ______A chemical change produces new substances with new properties.
9. ______An interface is a boundary that separates different phases of matter with different densities.
10. ______Solutions have variable composition.
11. ______A compound cannot be separated by physical means.
12. ______When a salt water solution completely evaporates, the residue in the beaker is a compound.
13. ______Carbon dioxide gas, when dissolved in a carbonated beverage, is called the solute.
14. ______A compound can consist of a single element.
15. ______Sugar in water is an example of a homogeneous mixture.
16. ______Two or more substances mixed together but retaining their properties is called a solution.
17. ______The simplest unit of a solution is a molecule.
18. ______A physical change will NOT separate a solution into individual substances.
19. ______If Element A and Element B chemically combine to form Substance C, the Substance C must be a compound.
20. ______A compound has a definite composition.
21. ______A single phase of matter is homogenous.
22. ______Substances with invariant properties are either elements or compounds.
23. ______During combustion, substances such as wood or gasoline are converted into new substances.
24. ______A pure compound has variable properties that depend on its source.
25. ______Heterogeneous mixtures are uniform throughout and do not exhibit phase boundaries.
II. Classify: Select the letter of the correct classification term.
TYPES OF MATTER: ELEMENT – A COMPOUND – B SOLUTION – C MIXTURE - D
26. ______concrete
27. ______iron filings
28. ______syrup
29. ______salt
30. ______wood
31. ______sulfur
32. ______ethanol, C2H5OH
33. ______steam
34. ______10K gold
35. ______glucose, C6H12O6
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