Healthy Young Male Volunteers Aged Between 17-20 Years

Healthy Young Male Volunteers Aged Between 17-20 Years

6. / BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK
6.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY
Modern man has become victim of daily stress and stress related disorders like Essential hypertension, angina, insomnia and impotency. Yogic techniques in general and shavasana in particular are known to improve psychosomatic health & enhance one’s ability to combat stressful situations.8
Physical stress and mental stress may endanger one’s heart. Hence it is quite important for us to know how the cardiovascular system responds to tolerate better for physical stress. The effect of physical training on exercise tolerance is well known. However, there are limited studies on the effect of yoga training on cardiovascular response to stress.10
Hence the present work has been taken up to study the cardiovascular response to exercise after yoga training (Shavasana) and whether there is better exercise tolerance of an individual after the shavasana training.
6.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Limited work has been done on the cardiovascular response to exercise by yoga training & exercise tolerance capacity of an individual after shavasana training. However some of the work related to this field are.
D.V. Muralidhara and K.V. Ranganathan in the year 1982 studied the effect of yoga practice on cardiac recovery index on 10 male medical student and 10 students with similar backgroup were taken as controlled group for whom yoga training was not given. Their results showed that cardiac recovery index estimated by Harvard step test among yoga trained subjects was statistically significant (t = 5.57, P<0.001). Whereas the difference observed among the control group was not statistically significant.3
In a study by T.K. Bera and M.V. Rajapukar in 1993, the body composition, cardiovascular endurance and anaerobic power were measured in 40 male high school students aged 12-15 yrs who were trained in yoga for one year. Their results revealed a significant improvement in ideal body weight, body density, cardiovascular and anaerobic power.5
Telles S. Nagarathna R., Nagendra H.R., Desiraju T., studied the physiological changes in sports teachers following 3 months of training in yoga during 1993. There was significant improvement in general health (in terms of body weight. BP reduction and improved lung functions). There was evidence of decreased autonomic arousal and more of psychophysilogical relaxation (Heart rate & respiratory rate reduction) indicating that practicing yoga may help to bring about a balance in different autonomic functions so that functioning is optimized.6
Madanmahan, Kaviraja Udupa, Ananda B.B., N. Krishnamurthy and G.K. Pal in 2002 studied the modulation of cold pressor induced stress by Shavasana in normal adult volunteers and concluded that Shavasana can enhance one’s ability to withstand stress induced by cold pressor test and this ability can be achieved even with 7 days of Shavasana training.8
Jyotsana R.B., Rajay N.B., Vijakumar N.D., Shoba B.K., and Geetha B.G., in 2003 studied the effect of yoga on cardiovascular system in subjects above 40 years and their study indicated that yoga reduces the age related deterioration in cardio vascular function
Madan mohan, Udupa K., Bhavanani H.B., Shatapathy C.C., Sahai A., in 2004 conducted study on cardiovascular response to exercise by yoga training for 2 months on 21 healthy males aged 17-19 years wherein their results concluded that after yoga training a given level of exercise leads to milder cardiovascular response, suggesting better exercise tolerance.10
6.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1. To study the cardiovascular response to exercise by yoga training (Shavasana) in young adults.
2. To know whether there is better exercise tolerance of the individual before or after Shavasana training.
3. Comparison of the study with the other work done in this field.
7. / MATERIALS AND METHODS
7.1. SOURCE OF DATA
Healthy young male volunteers aged between 17 – 20 years of I year MBBS from Mysore Medical College and Research institute Mysore are recruited for the study.
a. Number of Subjects
  • 40 healthy young male volunteers

b. Inclusion criteria
  • Healthy young male volunteers aged between 17-20 years

c. Exclusion criteria
  • H/o any cardiovascular disorders
  • H/o Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, bronchial asthma and other medical illness.
  • H/o major surgery in the recent past.
  • H/o active sports training
  • H/o Yoga practice

7.2. METHODS OF COLLECTION OF DATA
40 young healthy male volunteers aged between 17-20 years are selected to test for cardiovascular response to exercise by Harvard step test before and after shavasan training. The shavanasa training will be given for a period of 3 months by yoga expert.
Following parameters are noted
-Age in years.
-Height in cms.
-Weight in Kgs.
-Heart rate / min using ECG machine.
-Blood pressure both systolic and diastolic blood pressure / mm Hg using Sphgmomanometer.
-Pulse pressure / mm Hg
Pulse pressure is obtained by using the formula
PP = SP – DP (PP = Pulse pressure / mm Hg
SP = Systolic pressure / mm Hg
DP = Diastolic pressure / mm Hg
-Mean pressure / mm Hg
Mean Pressure is calculated by
MP = DP + PP/3 (MP = Mean pressure / mm Hg)
PP = Pulse pressure / mm Hg)
-Rate pressure Product.2,10
This is calculated by using formula
(RPP = rate pressure product
HR = Heart rate / min
SP = systolic pressure / mmHg)
-Double product.10
This is calculated by using the formula
Do P = HR x MP (Do P = Double product
HR = Heart rate / min
MP = Mean pressure / mm Hg)
These parameters will be recorded before & after the shavasana training and the observed data are then tabulated & statistically treated to arrive at conclusion.
7.3 Does the study require any investigation or any intervention to be conducted on the patients or other human or animals ? If so please describe briefly.
It is a non-invasive technique using the ECG machine, Harvard step gym bench, stopwatch and Sphgmomanometer.
7.4 Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution ? Yes (Copy enclosed).
7.5 Duration of study : 12 months.
8. / LIST OF REFERENCES
  1. S.K. Ganeriwal, S.C. Sen and S.S. Khandare. Test of physical fitness (Harvard step test) in indian females. Indian J medical research, 1968 June ; 56, p6.

  1. Fredarick L. Gobel, Leonard A. Nordstorm, Richard R. Nelson, Charles R.J., and Yand wang.
The rate – pressure product as an index of myocardial oxygen consumption during exercise in patients with angina pectoris.
Circulation. 1978 ; 57, No. 3,.
  1. D.V. Muralidhar and K.V. Ranganathan. Effect of yoga practice on cardiac recovery index. Indian J of physiol and pharmacol Oct – Dec 1982.

  1. Bhawani B. and M.S. Pansare. Effect of yoga on aerobic and anaerobic power of muscles. Indian j of physiol & pharmocol 1991 ; 35 (4) : P. 281- 2.

  1. T.K. Bera and M.V. Rajapurkar. Body composition, cardiovascular endurance and anaerobic power of yogic practitioner. Indian J of physiol and pharmacol 1993 ; 37 (3) : P 225 – 8

  1. Telles S, Nagarathna R., Nagendra H.R., Disiraju T. Physiological changes in sports teachers following 3 months of training in yoga. Indian j of medical science, 1993 Oct ; 47 (10) : P 235-8

  1. Ray U.S, Mukhopadhyaya S, Purkayastha S.S et al. Effect of yogic exercises on physical and mental health of young fellowship course trainees.
Indian J of physiol and pharmacol 2001 Jan : 45 (1) : P 37-53.
  1. Madanmohan, Kaviraja U, Ananda B.B., N. Krishnamurthy and G.K. Pal. Modulation of cold pressor induced stress by Shavasana in normal adult volunteers. Indian J of physiol & pharmacol 2002 ; 46 (3) ; P 307-12.

  1. Jyotsana R. Bharshankar, Rajay N. Bharshankar, Vijaykumar N.D., Shobha B.K., and Geeta B.G. Effect of yoga on cardiovascular system in subjects above 40 years. Indian J of physiol & pharmacol 2003 ; 47(2) : P 202- 6.

  1. Madan mohan, Kaviraja U. Ananda B.B., Chetan C.S., and Ajit Sahai. Modulation of cardiovascular response to exercise by yoga training. Indian J of physiol & pharmacol 2004 ; 48(4) : P 461- 65.