Grade Level Words s1
PSRC K-2 Reading Guide
Vocabulary/Word Building Skills
Grade Level Words· PSRC-K
· PSRC-1
· PSRC-2 / Basic Sight Words
· Pre-Primer
· Primer
· Dolch
· Story “The Best Thing In The World”
Consonant Sounds(Position)
· Initial
· Middle
· Ending
· Digraphs – two consonants when used together make a single sound- th, sh, ch, wh, ph, gh, ck
· Blends – two or three consonant letters pronounced rapidly one after the other cr, sn, sl, dr, fl / Vowel Sounds Do not say their name
· Short… - apple
- egg
- it
- ox
- up
* When the vowels are taught, y should be included with the long vowels: my, try, baby, candy.
Long i/e
*Only in a few words such as gypsy…
Short i
· Long…- cake
- leaf
- tie
- hose
- cute
· Vowels + r… Vowels are neither long nor short. They are affected and changed by r
- car
- her
-fir
- for
- fur
· Irregular vowel diagraphs…
- great
- friend
Dipthongs… A slurring together of two vowel letters – oi, oy, ou, ow
- oil
- boy
- loud
- cow / Word Families/Phonograms… Ending on which a word family can be built….
-at/bat
-et/get
-it/fit
-ot/got
-ut/but
Special Sounds …au, aw, oo, ew
-taught
-straw
-cook
-zoo
-few / ABC Recognition
· 26 letters
-picture representation
Plurals… more than one
· s, x, sh, ch- words ending in these letters form a plural by adding es
-dresses
-brushes
-foxes
-lunches
· Words ending in y preceded by a vowel are formed plural by adding s
-day/days
-toy/toys
· Words ending in y preceded by a consonant are formed plural by changing the y to i and adding es
-baby/babies
-lady/ladies
-party/parties / Rhyming Words
· you/who
· all/Paul
· Jane/rain
· three/we
Compound Words
· some/one
· sun/flower
· cow/boy / Contractions
· n’t/cannot- can’t
· ‘m/I am- I’m
· ‘ll/she will- she’ll
· ‘s/it is- it’s
· ‘ve/we have- we’ve
· ‘re/they are- they’re
Inflected Endings … s, ed, ing
· looks/looked/looking
· walks/walked/walking
· opens/opened/opening / Opposites
· up/down
· high/low
· wet/dry
Alphabetizing
jump
met
apple
can
1. apple
2. can
3. jump
4. met / Comparatives… er, est
· er – comparing two
· est – comparing more than two
sweeter=2 smaller=2
sweetest=3 smallest=3
Five Essential Components
· phonemic awareness
· phonics
· fluency
· vocabulary
· comprehension / Root Words/Prefixes, and Suffixes
· -un/unhappy
· re-/rewrite
· ly-/curly
· -ful/helpful
· -er/colder
Possessive Forms of Nouns
· bird’s nest - singular
· boys’ caps/wolves’ – plural
· men’s hats – plural noun not ending in s
· brother-in-law’s car - compound / Writing
· journal
· word web
· list
· story response
· survey
· chart
· facts
· poem
· notes
· letter
· steps
Story Elements
· author’s purpose
· cause/effect
· character
· compare/contrast
· draw conclusions
· main idea
· plot
· realism/fantasy
· sequence
· setting
· theme / Silent Letters
· w before r (wrong)
· k before n (knife)
· g before n (gnaw)
· b after m (when in same syllable – climb)
· t before ch (watch)
· c before k (lock)
· d before g or ge (dodge)
Syllablication
· vc/cv = ham/mer
· v/cv = la/dy
· vc/v = wag/on / Hard/Soft Sound of c, and g
· Followed by e, i, y= Soft –c= s/ city
· Followed by a, o, u= Hard –c=k/cake
· Followed by e, i, y = Soft/g = j/giraffe
· Followed by a, o, u= Hard/g = g/go
Root Words and Endings – Doubling Consonants Before Endings.. Inflected Endings
· stop stopped stopping
· rub rubbed rubbing
· hop hopped hopping
*Validity
- look- has 2 vowels so the k is not doubled
- help- has 2 consonants so the p is not doubled
- reach- has 2 vowels and 2 consonants so the h is
not doubled
Sentence Type
Declarative – makes a statement
* John lives next door.
Imperative – Expresses a command or request
* Bring me that paper.
Interrogative – Asks a question.
* Who’s there?
Exclamatory – A sentence expressed with strong feeling.
* How fast he ran!
Parts of Speech
· noun
· pronoun
· verb
· adjective / Family Words
· brother
· sister
· mother
· father
· aunt
· uncle
· cousin
· baby
· niece
· nephew