Soil Survey Of England And Wales (1977) Thank you for using eradoc, a platform to publish electronic copies of the Rothamsted Documents. Your requested document has been scanned from original documents. If you find this document is not readible, or you suspect there are some problems, please let us know and we will correct that. Report for 1976 - Part 1 Full Table of Content Soil Survey of England and Wales K. E. Clare Soil Survey of England and Wales , K. E. Clare (1977) Report For 1976 - Part 1, pp 293 - 324 - DOI: https://doi.org/10.23637/ERADOC-1-133 - This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Report for 1976 - Part 1 pp 1 Soil Survey Of England And Wales (1977) SOIL SURVEY OF ENGLAND AND WALES K. E. CLARE Strff Hcad of Swvey K. E. Clare, E.sc. H.dquarrers W. M. Corbett, M.sc. B. W. Avcry, B.sc, D. J. Eldridsp. E.sc. D. W. Kitra, B.sc. R. Evans, pH.D. R. S. Seale, M.^. Mii.ralogists Mrs. BarbaB N. Scott P. Bullock, pH.D. P. ,. Lowland, B.sc. East Midlands C, P. Murpby, B.sc. A. J. Thomassotr. M.sc. H. George, B.sc. Chemists D. c. M. HaI, B,sc. C. L. Bascomb, B.sc. F. W. Heaven, xt.sc. K. ThaDi{asalam, B.sc. M. J. Reeve. Dsc. J. D. Rob6oE, B.sc. Carrographets Mrs. Hilda Roberts E. M. Thomson Mrs. Vaterie F. Wrieht M. J. Williamson Westem Midlands Draughtsmcn J. M. Hodeson. B.sc. Cynthia E. Bamett c. R. Beard. B.sc. M$. Judie H. Read J. M. Hollis, B.sc. M. S. Skeses R. J. A, Jones, pH.D. Vivieo L. Teesdale R. C. Palner, B.sc. Alison Wyatt w. A. D. whirfield. M.sc. Mrs. Cyothia M. Gosncy /srist@rt SraA K. J. Bisrcll, D.sc. Sotth-east Enghad Mrs. Sylvia Bloomfeld D. Mackney, Mts. Barba.a B.sc. Caitr R. H. Allcn, B.sc. Diaoa J. CartEr S. J. Fordtam, B.sc. Mrs. Jo6tr K. Fo6ter R. D. CrEen" M.sc. H. Hakcsley J. Hazeldcn" M. Hardiog E.A. D. M. G. Jarvis, B.^. Elaine R. Kavanash N. E. G. Johmon, B.sc. P. Mayton R. Sturdy, Mrs. Ruth c. M.sc. Murphy R. Web6ter, D.prnl.. Mrs. Janet Y. Shuttleworth Mrs. Marie F, Cox Mrs. TerEsa A. Toshill M. J. Wssstaf Mrs. ADnc E. Williams South-teest England D. C. Findlay, M.A. Notrhen Eiglard c. J. N. Colbome. M.sc. R. A. Jarvis, B.sc. D. w. Cope, g.rc. J. W. AllisoD. B.sc. T. R. Harrod, pH.D. Y. C. B€Jrdclow. rr.sc. D. V. Hogan. E.sc. D. M. Carroll- i.sc- S. J. Staines, M.rc. R. R. Furness. pn.o. Mrs. Carole M. Scoft R. HartDup, B.sc. I. N. L. Kilgour. r.rc. lltales S. J. King, B.^. B. Matthews, pH,D. B. Clayden, B.sc. Mrs. Joan Robinson R. I. Bradley, B.sc. J. W. I-€a, M.sc. East Anglia C. C. Rudefonh, M.sc. T. R. E. Thompson. B.sc. C. A. H. Hodge, D.sc- P. S. Wright, M.sc. R. G. O, BunorL D.^. Mrs. Moira M. Bcynon 293 Report for 1976 - Part 1 pp 2 Soil Survey Of England And Wales (1977) ROTHAMSTED REPORT FOR 1976, PART I InEothc'tiotr the last The oeriod of careful reviewing of the Survey's activity thal has characterised *;;r;;;.;;;;il".a iier;thit v*t of coming to an end-and we were able to devote to"*.iotioo ui distinct from planuing' The soil' drier this vear even ;;;il;;re;;;igy parts ofthe coun- iln". f"rt,-*"t OitiLttiitly difficult to auger in many southem. and €astern ;-bJ;r;; t;;r*"ro* *.r. able tlo cover more ground in detail than in 1975' "'fi;;."; the. different soils d; dufo="v to be to describe, classify and map ofin" t*o The soils"ontirr" are described in profile, and kinds of profile are differen- ;;[J;i";;;;;tiui"oooUei. t.uels, termed' major group-' group' subgroup and soil ."ri"r. Cf"ti"" i. the thre€"atego.ic"t f,igher categories are de6ned partly by thJ composition and toit ln"ttiut, ani partly by the presence or absence of particular -"il' in ;;;;;r,-;i?-hil.p;cified"r ""gil.riir" depths, using i.opirtiis thai can be. observed or measured ilh";;d;. i"f"rr;d from fieid examin"ation'ty comparison with analysed samples. Soil mainlv by lithology. *hen a map unit.is identified by the name *li* a Ii"." "iJittirgrisheJi"""*i. class,-it ii impliedihat most of the soil in each delineation on (complexes or associations) are -"o to "iherthat class. More hiterogenous units similarly"r"io.*t identified by the names of two or more classes' *"ifr" pu.blications' ri."p""i". ,fii.re soils shown on maps are described in accompanying geolosv, climate and land use of the district surYeved' Soil and land ---;;;iil;;;;;p;y, -"Lirity?ips, and proper- "r w-ith thi iext, are a permanent fecord of the distribution ties of the different kinds of soils. with the surveying of.districts in each county The -apping programme continues, f";",i;il;"";orphological and agricultural in!€rTt' and with the compilation of -of -47 the year and. some "h;;"";;;;;i , sc"le t :2i000: such arias were worked on during i" oi.t"it on 32 of them' Fortv-five maps at a scale of I :25 000 104Tfi;;;;;;;.via Records- b";; uti'streo witn explanatory publicatioos-usuallv Soil Survev h;;; ;.* t by i..lO .i tn",o. i. the Northem negion upland areas have con-tinu-ed to be surveyed **ui"ed with air photo-interpretation for eventual publication at a scale of h.ja'*.ii maps of soil i;A; in reconnaissance survey also inclu-ded compilation of i;im oit Pem- scale of I :250 000 for the counties of Derbyshire, Norfolk and brokeshire'"rr*i",1."i ",i Norttern Englanrt Cumbria km2 were mapped in detail' The Ports Sheets NY 041051141[5(Abbey'inciui" Touz)' A further60 *ir i"" il". i"." e*i"nd.d to an 8 kmz strip of coastland in Holme St' Cuthbert |i'SiJ,-Ny 0G,;hi.h h";.tutiti."O otd dunes ind raised shingle beaches_ with.raw .".a, Ur""" poJzolic soils. Marine alluvium south and east of Silloth has gleyic gley similar to those near Longtown i"i[..-fif""ra soils and typical alluvial -ofsoils, iiii*i llV lO:Zf."ffrti"i fne two targe NE-SW ridgis the Scottish Readvance moraine have )i"-irr"'i'riri.li s"r"p soilitri. The long- kame ridge norttr-wesr of common Moss ffi-*i,-p;;;;-"ia'S'ro"o.iig'roil,"iia and ima,er areas of the. Crannymoor (l).series. il;;;; t.uii poi.n". of indrir-ated gleyic brown podzolic soils lGlassonbv series) on and salta Moss' (Matthews) ;i;i; ilg* A; ousby series is on peit ut colnton Moss was completed (Kilgour) Sheet NY 36 arut PNt NY 37 (Longto*n)' The Record a provisional legend Sheel NY 56 (Brum?ron). A reconnaissance survey was made' nreoared. and 35 kme were surveyed in detail' '10 km ' The aiea is next to the Northern Pennines and Bewcastle Fells and is some north-east of Carlisle: Hadrian's Wall, running east-west, divides it. 294 Report for 1976 - Part 1 pp 3 Soil Survey Of England And Wales (1977) SOIL SURVEY OF ENGLAND AND WALES Triassic sandstones and shales underlie the western half of the d.istrict and the carboni- ferous Limestone the eastern half, but aside from a few narrow limestone and saDdstone outcrops, the land is covered with superficial deposits. some 49 km2 are over Triassic- derived till, 20 kmz on Carboniferous-derived till and Head, 20 km2 on glaciofluvial sands, 8 km2 on alluvium and 3 kmz on peat. As the last major ice movement ryas eastward, till derived mainly from Triassic deposits in the west is more widespread than carboniferous drift from the pennines. clifton and Salwick series (l) are widespread, with Lea (l) series less so. The carboniferous-derived drift is restricted to the higher ground in the south-east and north-east, where the Brick- field and Wilcocks series (l) are the soils most frequently occurring. Enormous quantities of glaciofluvial sands were deposited during the last ice retreat, extending in a broad belt in the south-west and in the valleys of the irthing and its tribu- taries. Newport, Ollerton, Blackwood (2) and Isleham (3) series are in thi sandy drifts, the Newport being dominant. Since much ofthe sand forms steeply sloping eskers, a slope phase of the Newport series has also been mapped. A raw oligo-fibrous peat (Longmoss . soil series) is at Walton Moss. The Irthing altu- v-ium, often with gravel within profile depth, has glelc and typical brown alluviaisoils. (Kilgour) Humberside 85 (fridaythorpe). .Shcet_SE Some 15 kmz werc mapped at Fridaythorpe and Huggate. The soils are mostly brown rendzinas on chalk (Andover (4) seriit and paleo_ailjli" brown earths in plateau drift, resembling the Wold (5) series. Typical brown calcareous earths in chalky Head (Coombe (4) series) are along shallow depressions and in the bottoms of the steep V-shaped valleys which are common in the district. (R. A. Jarvis and Guardiola Saenz) Sheet TA 14 (BrandcEbtoton). Reconnaissance was completed and, following the establishment ofa provisional legend, some 30 kmz mapped ildetail. The legend con-tains 19 series, 14 of which have been described and sampled. Fine loamy argiliic stagnogley soils similar to the clifton series are widespread on flat and gentty ilop-hg areai of-thl Drab rill with some sta$ogleyic arg lic brown earths on loca'iisedmori strongly sroping ground.