ARGUS: IO EXPLORER MISSION University of Leicester Department of Physics & Astronomy Doc No: SEEDS-RSH-2015-0909 Issue: 1 Rev: 3 Date 21 September 2015 Name Signature Date Lakshay Aggarwal Prepared by Lakshay, Azhen 21September 2015 Azhen Jarjes Checked by Dr. Nigel Bannister Approved by Dr. Richard Ambrosi ARGUS: Io Explorer Mission i DISTRIBUTION Name Organisation Azhen Mziry University of Leicester Lakshay Aggarwal University of Leicester ARGUS: Io Explorer Mission i CHANGE LOG Date Issue Revision Section Reason for change 3 July 2015 1 1 PDR File New document 21 August 2015 1 2 CDR File Revised Document with RIDS 21 September 1 3 Final Camera Document revised (Order, Paraphrasing, CDR 2015 Ready Copy presentation) ARGUS: Io Explorer mission ii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 SCOPE ............................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS ................................................................................................................. 1 1.3 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS ................................................................................................................. 1 1.4 WORK BREAKDOWN .................................................................................................................... 3 2. IO – THE MOST ACTIVE BODY IN SOLAR SYSTEM ......................................................................... 4 2.1 OVERVIEW: .................................................................................................................................. 4 2.2 THE INTERIOR OF IO: .................................................................................................................. 4 2.3 THE SURFACE OF IO: .................................................................................................................. 5 2.4 THE ATMOSPHERE OF IO: ................................................................................................................. 8 3. FINAL DESIGN REVIEW APPROACH ............................................................................................... 10 3.1 SCIENCE MATRIX: .......................................................................................................................... 10 3.2 REQUIREMENT MATRIX: ................................................................................................................. 11 4. MISSION DESIGN: .............................................................................................................................. 16 4.1 REFERENCE MISSION .............................................................................................................. 16 ANALYSIS: .............................................................................................................................................. 17 4.2 SCIENCE ORBIT: ....................................................................................................................... 18 4.2.1 Implementing in SPENVIS: ..................................................................................................... 18 4.2.2 Preliminary Study: ................................................................................................................... 20 4.3 SUMMARY: .................................................................................................................................... 23 5. LAUNCH VEHICLE: ............................................................................................................................ 24 5.1 PRELIMINARY STUDY ............................................................................................................... 24 5.2 ATLAS V 541: .............................................................................................................................. 25 6. PROPULSION: .................................................................................................................................... 27 6.1 REQUIREMENTS: ...................................................................................................................... 27 6.2 GENERAL OPTIONS: ................................................................................................................. 28 6.3 ANALYSIS: .................................................................................................................................. 28 7. COMMAND AND DATA HANDLING .................................................................................................. 33 7.1 SCIENCE PAYLOAD DATA CALCULATION ......................................................................................... 33 7.2 DATA GENERATION & DUTY CYCLES .............................................................................................. 35 7.3 COMPRESSION TECHNIQUES .......................................................................................................... 38 7.4 DIGITAL MODULATION TECHNIQUE .................................................................................................. 39 8. COMMUNICATIONS ........................................................................................................................... 42 8.1 RF (RADIO FREQUENCY) MODE SELECTION ................................................................................... 43 8.2 GROUND STATION AND DOWNLINK .................................................................................................. 43 8.3 DATA CONSTRAINTS ...................................................................................................................... 46 8.4 LINK BUDGET ................................................................................................................................ 47 9. RADIATION ENVIRONMENT AND MAGNETIC FIELD: ................................................................... 53 9.1 OVERVIEW: ................................................................................................................................ 53 9.2 THE VAN ALLEN BELTS: ................................................................................................................. 53 9.3 JUPITER’S RADIATION ENVIRONMENT: ............................................................................................ 53 9.3.1 Inner magnetosphere: ............................................................................................................. 54 ARGUS: Io Explorer mission iii 9.3.2 Middle magnetosphere: ........................................................................................................... 54 9.3.3 Exploring the magnetic field of Jupiter: ................................................................................... 54 9.4 ANALYTICAL METHODS: .......................................................................................................... 56 9.4.1 Energetic Particle Radiation: ................................................................................................... 56 9.4.2 Trapped Particles: ................................................................................................................... 56 9.4.3 Worst Case Fluence: ............................................................................................................... 57 10. TOTAL IONISING DOSE AND SHIELDING: ................................................................................. 59 11. WEIGHT .......................................................................................................................................... 60 11.1 INSTRUMENT SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................................................................ 60 11.2 SYSTEM WEIGHT DATA COLLECTION .............................................................................................. 62 12. POWER SOURCE .......................................................................................................................... 63 13. IMPACT OF OTHER MISSIONS ON ARGUS ORBITER .............................................................. 68 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Contribution ...................................................................................................................... 3 Table 2: Mountain types ................................................................................................................. 7 Table 3: Science Objectives .......................................................................................................... 10 Table 4: Requirement Matrix ........................................................................................................ 12 Table 5:Atlas V 541 Specifications .............................................................................................. 26 Table 6:Orbiter ΔV Budget ........................................................................................................... 27 Table 7:The properties of R-42DM .............................................................................................. 29 Table 8:the properties of AMBRTM (Aeroj)................................................................................ 32 Table 9: Frames ESA Standards ................................................................................................... 33 Table 10: Io’s Case ......................................................................................................................