COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA Combating Marine Plastic Debris in Indonesia Nani Hendiarti Director for Maritime Science and Technology Science to Enable and Empower Asia Pacific for SDGs Jakarta, July 30th, 2018 1 COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA THE IMPACT OF PLASTIC DEBRIS TOURISM: The plastic waste in oceans covers a lot of tourist attractions and coastal areas. ENVIRONMENT AND UNDERWATER LIFE: Millions of underwater life are threatened by the plastic waste in oceans. HUMAN HEALTH: More than half of three samples of fish which traded have been found that it has consumed a plastic or micro/nanoplastic. 2 COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS LEAKAGE PLASTIC FROM LAND TO OCEANS ENVIRONMENT IN INDONESIA REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA 17 Ton Millions/year waste is not organized. 150 Millions 80 % popullation Leakage of plastic waste 38 Millions comes from land 45% waste is throw away to ton/year increase drains, park and burned. of garbage 1,29 Millions ton matrix/year leakage of plastic waste to oceans. 30% Leakage of waste is plastic Sumber: Bank Dunia (2017); Analisa tim 3 Indonesian through flow and ocean current pattern flow along Indonesia become source of marine debris from other countries Makasar Str Halmahera Maluku Sea Sea Seram Sea Banda Sea Lombok Str Flores Sea Ombai Str SJC Timor Passage 4 COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR 87 CITY / BIG DISTRICT AND COASTALS CONTRIBUTING 80% MARITIME AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA TO DEBRIS MARINE HAS BEEN IDENTIFIED Medan Manado Bitung Padang Balikpapan Batam Bandar Lampung Makasaar Jakarta Indramayu Rembang Serang Sampang Bandung Yogyakarta Surabaya Situbondo Denpasar Lombok Tengah 5 COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS COMMITMENT OF THE INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA - President Joko Widodo -Indonesia will reduce a waste by 3R (reduce-reuse-recycle) until 30% to 2025, while target a reduction plastic waste as much as 70% in 2025. On the Leaders Retreat, G20 Summit, Hamburg-Germany, Friday, 7 July 2017 Statement of the National Action Plan for Plastic Waste at Oceans (2017-2025) in June 2017. Follow up: R-Perpres by Coordinating Minister Luhut B. Pandjaitan; Upstream-downstream waste management by LHK Minister Siti Nurbaya; Improvement of solid waste management by Minister of Public Works Basuki Hadimuljono; Campaign of Waste Management at oceans by Minister of KKP Susi Pudjiastuti. 6 COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS 5 STRATEGIES IN NATIONAL ACTION PLANS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA JUMLAH KEGIATAN 1. BEHAVIORAL CHANGE 2. REDUCED LAND-BASED LEAKAGE 3. REDUCED SEA-BASED LEAKAGE 4. ENHANCED LAW ENFORCEMENT AND FINANCIAL 5. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Achieving the target of plastic waste reduction at sea is implemented in an integrated manner through the program in 16 Ministries and Institutions with 59 activities supporting the above 5 Strategies 7 COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR Cross-Government Collaboration Approach MARITIME AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA 5 Strategies and 59 Activities involving 16 Ministries / Agencies 1.Behavioral Change: • educate youth • campaign • increase awareness • awards • school curriculum • train waste sorting 1.Reducing Leaks through Land: Solid waste management Recycling industries producing bio / degradable plastics Reuse of plastic waste (plastic asphalt roads) handling plastic waste from housing & rivers Payable plastic bags KEMENPERIN 2.Reducing Waste Leakage from Activities at Sea:? Reception facilities at ports • Bilateral & regional collaborations • Collecting plastic waste from coastal and marine areas • Plastic waste management in tourism KEMEN 3.Law Enforcement and Funding:? Supervision and monitoring • PUPR KKP financing commitments • public health and ecological risk KEMEN assessments due to microplastic • application of incentives and HUB disincentives KLHK 4.Research and development: 5.biodigradable plastic from cassava / seaweed / palm oil • impact on human health • innovation & technology for circular economy • waste to energy solutions 8 COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS FUNDING, OPPORTUNITIES AND STAKEHOLDERS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA 1. National budget (APBN and APBD) Related 2. Public Private Partneship (PPP) Ministries NGO and and CSR (BUMN) 1 Local Communities 2 Governments 3. Bilateral & Regional Cooperation 6 4. International Organization Supports (WB, GEF, UNEP) International 3 Private 5. NGO, Volunteer, and Communities Strategic 5 Sectors Partners 4 Support Academics 6. Blended Finance, .. and Experts 9 COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA W H A T H A V E B E E N D O N E Behavioral Change Waste Management Partnership 1. Educating youth 1. Circular Economy 1. Alliance Marine 2. Curriculum of 2. Plastic Tar Road Plastic Solutions. School 3. Citarum Restoration 2.Multi Donor Trust 3. Campaign 4. Biodegardable Fund (MDTF) 4. Beach and Ocean Plastics 3. East Asia Summit Clean Up 4. APEC 10 COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA CITARUM River Clean Up Actions The Citarum river, now known as 80% Marine Debris is land-based leakage one of the most polluted in the world, JAKARTA • 70 km east of Jakarta, CITARUM Indonesia, the river RIVER Citarum runs over 270 km from the Wayang WEST JAVA Mountain (west Java) to the Java Sea. • The island’s largest river supports more than 26 million BEFORE April 2017 residents who rely on the water source for agricultural, domestic and personal use. • Plastic, packaging, and other detritus floats in the scummy water, rendering the river’s surface invisible beneath its carpet of junk. • Need an integrated and comprehensive rapid actions Indonesia Open to Collaborations ON GOING …. AFTER Januari 2018 11 COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA Developing Plastic-Tar Roads • Reduced plastic waste; 6-8% of plastic waste in the asphalt mixed; • Production costs can save up to 10%; Durability and stability of the roads increased 40% of trials in Denpasar-Bali and Bekasi-Jakarta. Collaboration with TCE India 12 COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA CONCLUSIONS National Plan of Actions (NPoA) for Marine Plastic • Presidential Decree on MPD Debris Management • Coordination among stakeholders Increasing Research • Monitoring system and Innovation to • Marine nanoplastics debris impact support the NPoA • Technology utilization B2B, G2G, PPP, R&D, NGOs, Indonesia Open to Community based, etc. Collaborations 13 COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA T h a n k Y o u 14 COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA APPENDIX 15 COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA CITARUM River Clean Up Actions 16 COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS Proposal on SWM Program by World Bank REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA Central Government (e.g. KLHK, PUPR, ESDM, KEMENDAGRI) Component Developments of institutions and institutional analysis and strategic studies are needed to 01 policies. support policy reform, planning, and capacity building in waste management Component Planning support and capacity Direct assistance to cities across Indonesia to improve the building for the government and planning and management of cleaning services (about 50 02 the community. cities) Assistance for construction of large infrastructure areas Component Infrastructure and dan waste including advanced processing technology (around 10 cities) 03 management services in cities that fall and several smaller investments (20-30 cities) - Adapted to into categories. city capacity Provide technical assistance, consulting services Component Implementation of support and and Program Management Units (PMUs) at the technical assistance 04 national, provincial and district levels if necessary 17 COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR MAJORITY OF COASTAL CITIES STILL SHOWING LOW COMMITMENTS MARITIME AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA FOR TROUBLE WASTE An average of APDB Allocation to trouble waste in 2014-2016 Recommendation WB : $15/capita/year or atau 3-5% from APBD An average cost/Ton ( $ 20 ) Sumber: Diolah dari data World Bank. 18.