Radically rethinking imprisonment: A Photovoice exploration of life in and after prison in South Australia by Michele Jarldorn BSW (Hons), BSP Thesis Submitted to Flinders University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy College of Education, Psychology and Social Work April 27th, 2018 i Table of Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................................................. v Summary ...................................................................................................................................................... vii DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................................. ix Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................................................... x Chapter 1: Locating the research .................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 1 Why do this research? ................................................................................................................................... 3 The politics of language ................................................................................................................................. 6 Research questions ....................................................................................................................................... 8 Theoretical framework ................................................................................................................................. 10 Radical approaches and radical social work ............................................................................................... 12 Challenging oppression through research ................................................................................................... 18 Overview of Chapters .................................................................................................................................. 18 Chapter 2: Method and methodology .......................................................................................................... 21 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 21 Photovoice theories ..................................................................................................................................... 24 The politics of speaking for others ............................................................................................................... 28 Photovoice as radical social work research................................................................................................. 29 The power of images ................................................................................................................................... 30 Research procedures .................................................................................................................................. 36 Amendments and project modifications ....................................................................................................... 37 Recruiting participants ................................................................................................................................. 38 The accidental ethnographer ....................................................................................................................... 42 Limitations .................................................................................................................................................... 43 Managing and transcribing the data ............................................................................................................ 45 Exhibiting the material ................................................................................................................................. 47 Deeper analysis ........................................................................................................................................... 49 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................... 52 Chapter 3: Creating and criminalising social problems ............................................................................ 53 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 53 Criminalising social problems ...................................................................................................................... 55 Transporting social problems ...................................................................................................................... 56 Using science to understand crime ............................................................................................................. 60 Feminist interpretations of criminal women ................................................................................................. 62 White-collar crime ........................................................................................................................................ 66 Welfare and the feminisation of poverty ...................................................................................................... 68 Race: The oppression of First Nations Peoples .......................................................................................... 71 Addiction and ill-health................................................................................................................................. 75 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................... 79 Chapter 4: Who goes to prison?: Meet the participants ............................................................................ 81 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 81 Before prison demographics ........................................................................................................................ 82 Meet the women .......................................................................................................................................... 83 Jennifer .................................................................................................................................................... 83 Stella ........................................................................................................................................................ 83 Deer ......................................................................................................................................................... 84 Kate .......................................................................................................................................................... 84 Georgia .................................................................................................................................................... 85 Feeney ..................................................................................................................................................... 85 Joy ........................................................................................................................................................... 86 Gidget ...................................................................................................................................................... 86 Ruby......................................................................................................................................................... 87 Meet the men ............................................................................................................................................... 87 David ........................................................................................................................................................ 87 Robert ...................................................................................................................................................... 88 Trent......................................................................................................................................................... 88 On the margins: Violence, trauma, grief and addiction ............................................................................... 89 ii Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................. 100 Chapter 5: Prison as violence and retribution .......................................................................................... 103 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 103 Prisons