EROSION PREVENTION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL PLANNING AND DESIGN MANUAL June 2020 EROSION PREVENTION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL PLANNING AND DESIGN MANUAL Developed in Partnership with: City of Gladstone City of Happy Valley City of Lake Oswego City of Milwaukie City of Oregon City City of West Linn City of Wilsonville Clean Water Services (CWS) Of Washington County Oak Lodge Water Services District Water Environment Services (WES) Of Clackamas County, Oregon Revised June 2020 DISCLAIMER The Erosion Prevention and Sediment Control Planning and Design Manual was developed for the sole purpose of providing the most updated Erosion, Prevention, Run-off, and Sediment Controls Best Management Practices (BMPs). The contents of this manual should not be interpreted as representing the policies or recommendations of the referenced agencies or organizations. The mention of trade names, products or companies does not constitute an endorsement. The previous revision of this manual was December 2008. Periodic updates will be made as materials, practices, and policies change within the industry and are made available. This page intentionally left blank. Table of Contents ************************************************************* Chapter 1: Background 1.1 Introduction ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-2 1.2 Regulatory Background and Policies ----------------------------------------------------- 1-2 1.3 NPDES Construction Stormwater Permits ----------------------------------------------- 1-2 1.3.1 NPDES Construction Stormwater Permit Requirements ----------------------- 1-3 1.3.2 Penalties for Water Pollution and Permit Condition Violations -------------- 1-5 1.4 Additional Water Quality Requirements ------------------------------------------------- 1-5 1.5 Agencies and Interest Groups -------------------------------------------------------------- 1-6 1.5.1 Interest Groups and Citizens ------------------------------------------------------- 1-6 1.5.2 Division of State Lands (DSL) ---------------------------------------------------- 1-6 1.5.3 United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACOE)--------------------------- 1-7 1.5.4 United States Department of Agriculture (ODA) ------------------------------- 1-7 1.5.5 Natural Resource Conservation (NRCS) ----------------------------------------- 1-8 1.5.6 Soil Water Conservation District -------------------------------------------------- 1-8 1.5.7 United States Department of Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) ---------- 1-8 1.5.8 Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) ---------------------------- 1-9 1.5.9 National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) ------------------------------------- 1-9 1.5.10 Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) ------------------------------------------ 1-9 1.5.11 Metro Regional Government ------------------------------------------------------ 1-10 Chapter 2: Erosion Processes 2.1 Concepts of Erosion and Sedimentation -------------------------------------------------- 2-1 2.2 Types of Erosion ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-2 2.2.1 Water Erosion -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-2 2.2.2 Wind Erosion --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-3 2.3 Erosion Factors ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-4 2.3.1 Climate ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-4 2.3.2 Soil --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-4 2.3.3 Topography ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-6 2.3.4 Ground Cover -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-6 2.4 Impacts of Erosion and Sedimentation ---------------------------------------------------- 2-7 2.4.1 Environmental Impacts --------------------------------------------------------------- 2-7 2.4.2 Pollutant Sources and Impacts ------------------------------------------------------- 2-7 2.4.2.1 Sediment ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-7 2.4.2.2 Nutrients ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-8 2.4.2.3 Bacteria ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-8 2.4.2.4 Heavy Metals ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-9 2.4.2.5 Concrete and Sawcutting ----------------------------------------------------------- 2-9 2.4.2.6 Petroleum Hydrocarbons ----------------------------------------------------------- 2-9 2.4.2.7 Synthetic Organics ------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-9 2.5 Economic Impacts -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-11 Chapter 3: Erosion Control Planning 3.1 Erosion Prevention vs Sediment Control ------------------------------------------------- 3-1 3.1.1 Principles of Erosion Prevention and Sediment Control ------------------------- 3-1 3.2 Five Basic Rules of Planning --------------------------------------------------------------- 3-3 3.3 Designer Responsibilities and Designated Persons-------------------------------------- 3-4 3.4 Planning Resources -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-5 3.4.1 Soil Survey Information -------------------------------------------------------------- 3-5 3.4.2 Environmental Data 3.4.3 Climate and Precipitation Data ------------------------------------------------------ 3-5 3.4.4 Topography ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-6 3.4.5 Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) --------------------------------- 3-6 3.4.6 Agency Contact Information --------------------------------------------------------- 3-6 3.5 Project Scheduling --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-7 3.6 Developing and Erosion and Sediment Control Plan ----------------------------------- 3-8 Chapter 4: Erosion and Sediment Control Measures and BMPs 4.1 Erosion Prevention Best Management Practices ----------------------------------------- 4-4 4.1.1 Filter Buffer Zone --------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-5 4.1.2 Preserve Natural Vegetation --------------------------------------------------------- 4-7 4.1.3 Dust Control -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-11 4.1.4 Ground Cover ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4-14 4.1.5 Hydraulic Application -------------------------------------------------------------- 4-18 4.1.6 Matting -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-22 4.1.7 Plastic Sheeting ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-30 4.1.8 Seeding (Temporary/Permanent) -------------------------------------------------- 4-34 4.1.9 Sod ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-41 4.2 Runoff Control Best Management Practices ------------------------------------------- 4-43 4.2.1 Check Dam --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-44 4.2.2 Diversion Dike/Swale --------------------------------------------------------------- 4-50 4.2.3 Grass-lined Swale ------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-54 4.2.4 Outlet Protection --------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-58 4.2.5 Pipe Slope Drain --------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-63 4.2.6 Surface Roughening ----------------------------------------------------------------- 4-69 4.3 Sediment Control Best Management Practices ---------------------------------------- 4-75 4.3.1 Biofilter Bags ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4-77 4.3.2 Construction Entrance -------------------------------------------------------------- 4-80 4.3.3 Dewatering --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-84 4.3.4 Filter Berm --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-89 4.3.5 Inlet Protection ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-94 4.3.6 Oak Mats ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-104 4.3.7 Pre-Fabricated Barrier System ---------------------------------------------------- 4-108 4.3.8 Sand Bags ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-111 4.3.9 Sediment Basin --------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-115 4.3.10 Sediment Fence --------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-121 4.3.11 Sediment Trap ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-127 4.3.12 Sidewalk Sub-grade Gravel Barrier ---------------------------------------------- 4-133 4.3.13 Tire Wash Facility ------------------------------------------------------------------ 4-138 4.3.14 Wattles ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4-143 Chapter 5: Pollution Control Measures and BMPs 5.1 Management of Other Construction Site Pollutants ------------------------------------- 5-1 5.2 Pollution Control Measures and BMPs ----------------------------------------------------- 5-8 Chapter 6: Inspection and Maintenance 6.1 Permittee Site Inspector