Lhhoglyptes hirsutus (Cirripedia: Acrothoracica), A New Burrowing Barnacle from Hawaii JACK T. TOMLINSON! Two SAMPLES of coral from Kaneohe Bay, spine or hook ; aperture length exceeds Y2 of Oahu, H awaii , have each yielded a number mantle width, aperture armed with numerous of specimens of a new species of acroth oracican teeth and long flexible hairs, especially on the burrowing barnacle of the family Lithoglypti­ outer edge of the lip area; anterior and pos­ dae. Samples of Psamm ocora oerrilli Vaughan terior rami of mouth cirri with 5 and 3 articles, collected by Stephen A. W ainwright,2 and of respectively; caudal appendage with 2 seg­ Porites compressa Dana collected by Charles ments; head with acute projection opposite Srasek," were referred to me by William A. mouth area; burrow pointed oval in surface N ewman." These barnacles are the first repre­ view. H olotyp e 1.2 X 0.67 mm ; about 30 dried sentatives of the order Acrothoracica known specimens in Psamm ocora verrilli from a depth from H awaii. of 3-6 fr on Sand Bar Reef and in Porites com­ pressa from NE side Checker Reef, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Ha waii. The species is named for FAMILY LITHOGLYPTIDAE Aurivillius 1892 the presence of numerous hairs on the mantle aperture. Lithoglyptidae em end. Tomlinson and New­ TYPE MATERIAL : Holotype USNM 107544. man 1960. Para type material: San Francisco State College, Mouth cirri well developed, on a· 2-jointed San Francisco, Californi a; California Academy pedicle; 4-5 pairs of term inal cirri, but if only of Sciences, San Francisco, California; Plymouch 4 pairs, caudal app endage present; no gut teeth Laboratory, England; Seto Marine Biological or gizzard in digestive tract; with adhesive disc Laboratory, Japan; Porrobello Marine Station, on mantle ; lateral bar absent ; burrows in coral New Zealand. or mollusc hard parts. DESCRIPTION : Female : Th e mantles of 16 adults averaged 1.95 mm in height X 1.18 Lith oglyptes Auri villius 1892 (emend.) mm in width (maximum 2.1 mm and 1.6 mm ), and are flattened laterally. The mantle is studded Four pairs of terminal cirri on a 2-jointed with numerous small T-shaped teeth, short pedicle with oblique sutures at first joints; cau­ spinules, and three- or four-pointed star-shaped dal appendage present; mouth cirrus with 2 teeth, all scattered about on the surface, but rami of 3 to 6 articles ( 5 to 6 in original particularly near the aperture. The mantle at­ description ) . tachment disc adheres strongly to the burrow, but is readily removed if the coral is decalcified. Lithoglyptes hirStdf:/S' n, sp. The average length of the slitlike aperture DIAGNOSIS: Female ( Figs. 1-7) : Mantle of 12 specimens is 0.97 mm . Near the anterior aperture strongly arched on both sides of an end of the aperture rwo acute projections ex­ acute projecting tip which is not a movable tend to a point, but are not movable or hooked. The ourer edges of the thickened apertural 1 Biology Department, San Francisco State College, area are heavily set with teeth and long hairs. San Francisco 27, California. Manu scripr received The inner edges have fewer teeth and hairs, December 19, 1961. but have a row of comblike projections which • Zoo logy Department , Uni versity of Californ ia, extend into the aperture and tend to occlude Berkeley 4, Californ ia. 3 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, it. This structure has been called the "comb­ California. collar" by previous workers. 299 0.05 MM . 3 4 [~~ 6 0 5 7 FIGS. 1-7. 1, Litboglyptes hirsutus, n. sp., female, side view of adult removed from burrow; abbreviations : AC, anal cirrus ; AK, attachment knob; CC, comb collar; H, head ; LIM, lip of mantle aperture, inner margin; LOM, lip , outer margin; MC, mouth cirrus ; MP, mouth parts; TC, terminal cirri ; TO , tooth . 2-4, Mouth parts of La boglyptes hirsutus, n. sp., female; 2, mand ible with palp ; 3, first maxilla; 4, second maxilla. 5-7, Litboglyptes hirsutus, n. sp., female; 5, m iddl e port ion of fourth (last) terminal cirrus, side view; 6, burrow in coral, surface view; 7, mouth cirrus; slightly foreshortened in compa rison with some specimens. Lithoglytes hirsutus-TOMLINSON 30 1 Th e mouth pares (Figs. 2-4 ) are typical for to be slightly more than the greatest diam eter . the genus, being composed of a pair of man ­ of the anim al in dried specimens. It is assumed dibles with palps and two pairs of maxillae. that the living animal closes the burrow open­ Each mandible has four strong teeth, the inner ing with the hardened, hairy apertural area one bearing short bristles . Th e mand ibular palp of the mantle. exceeds the mandible in length; with long, soft MALE: Dwarf males resembling cyprid lar­ bristles on the edges near the taper ing point. vae were seen, but being dried they were much Each first maxilla is armed with two strong distorted, and whether or not they were trul y teeth , numerous bristles , short teeth along the mature stages could not be determined. Of the cutting edge, and has the usual apodeme. The 11 males studied, none had the very reduced second pair of maxillae are large and soft, and baglike shape of many acrothoracican males, have num erous flexible bristles distributed along nor the attenuated stalk of the male of Litho­ their edges. These close-set appendages serve glyptes spinatus. They were of a size and shape as posterior limits to the mouth field. one would expect of a cyprid larva which had The mouth cirri (Fig. 7) have a two-jointed lost its bivalved carapace. The presence of a pedicle upon which the two bristle-bearing penis could not be ascertained. rami articulate. They arise below the mouth L. hirsutus is the first member of the genus parts but terminate above them, frequently to be found in the central Pacific. Of the other curving outward at the tips. The anterior ramus species in the genus L. indicus Aurivillius, L. has five segments and the posterior ramus has ampulla Aur., and L. bicornis Aur. are from three segments. The segments of the rami are the Java Sea and Ind ian Ocean, and L. spinatus equipped with numerous bristles, which make Tomlinson and N ewman is from Jam aica. the determination of the number of segments L. hirsutus can be distinguished from L. bi­ very difficult. cornis, L. ampulla, and L. spinattts by the ab­ There are four pairs of biramous, multiseg­ sence of the apertural hooks and /or spines merited terminal cirri, on two-segmented pedi­ borne by the latter thre e species. This new cles. Th e slant ed articulation between these species may be distinguished from L. indicus, pedicular segments is characteristic of the genus. which also lacks the hooks and spines, by the Th e rami are armed with single long setae on pr esence of the "hairs" on the mantle aperture the outer edges of every second to sixth art ic­ and by its small size ( 2 X 1 mm rath er than ulation. The setae on the inn er edge of the 6 X 4 mm ) . terminal cirri alternate between pairs of long setae at the articulation and pairs of shorter setae toward the middle of the segm e n t ( Fig. 5). REFERENCES A pair of two-jointed uniramous caudal ap­ pendages occurs at the posterior end of the AURIVILLIUS, C. W . S. 1892 . Neue Cirripeden body. The total length of the caudal appendage aus dem Atlantischen, Indischen und Stillen is about Y2 the length of the pedicle of the Ocean . Ofversigr af Kongl. Vet.-Akad. Forh . posterior terminal cirrus . Stockholm 49 (3) :133- 134. Th e burrow of the female appears in the sur­ face view as a pointed oval ( Fig. 6). It is TOMLINSON, JACK T., and WILLIAM A. N EW­ deeper than it is long. Th e walls are nearly MAN. 1960. Lithoglyptes spinatus, a burrow­ perpendicular to the surface, and rounded at ing barnacle from Jamaica. USNM Proc. the bottom. Th e depth of the burrow appears 112 (344 5) :517- 526..