The Kārum Period on the Plateau Cécile Michel To cite this version: Cécile Michel. The Kārum Period on the Plateau. S.R. Steadman; G. McMahon. THE OXFORD HANDBOOK OF ANCIENT ANATOLIA, Oxford University Press, pp.313-336, 2011, 9780195376142. halshs-01186437 HAL Id: halshs-01186437 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01186437 Submitted on 26 Aug 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. THE OXFORD HANDBOOK OF ANCIENT ANATOLIA 10,000-323 B.C.E. Edited by SHARON R. STEADMAN AND GREGORY McMAHON OXTORD UNIVERSITY PRESS OXPORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright © 2011 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The Oxford handbook of ancient Anatolia (10,000-323 b .c .e .) / edited by Sharon R. Steadman and Gregory McMahon, p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-19-537614-2 1. Turkey—Antiquities. 2. Excavations (Archaeology)—Turkey. 3. Turkey—History—To 1453. 4. Turkey—Civilization. 5. Philology—Turkey. I. Steadman, vSharon R. II. McMahon, John Gregory III. Title: Handbook of ancient Anatolia (10,000-323 b.c.e.). DR431-095 2011 939'.2—dc22 2010027106 135798642 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper C o n t e n t s Acknowledgments xiii Contributors xv 1. Introduction: The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Anatolia 3 G r e g o r y M c M a h o n a n d Sh a r o n R. S t e a d m a n Pa r t I T h e A r c h a e o l o g y o f A n a t o l i a : B a c k g r o u n d AND D e f i n i t i o n s 2. The Land and Peoples of Anatolia through Ancient Eyes 15 G r e g o r y M cM a h o n 3. A History of the Preclassical Archaeology of Anatolia 34 R o g e r M a t t h e w s 4. Anatolian Chronology and Terminology 56 /a k Ya k a r Pa r t II C h r o n o l o g y a n d G e o g r a p h y Anatolia in Prehistory 5. The Neolithic on the Plateau 99 MiHRIBAN OZBA^ARAN 6. The Neolithic in Southeastern Anatolia 125 M ic h a e l R o s e n b e r g a n d A s l i E r im -O z d o g a n 7. The Chalcolithic on the Plateau 150 Ul f -D ie t r ic h S c h o o p 8. The Chalcolithic of Southeast Anatolia 174 R a n a Oz b a l 9. The Chalcolithic of Eastern Anatolia 205 G iu l io Pa l u m b i Viii CONTENTS The Early Bronze Age 10. The Early Bronze Age on the Plateau 229 Sh a r o n R. S t e a d m a n 11. The Early Bronze Age in Southeastern Anatolia 260 A. Tu b a Ok s e 12. Eastern Anatolia in the Early Bronze Age 290 C a t h e r in e M a r r o The Middle Bronze Age 13. The Karum Period on the Plateau 313 C e c i l e M ic h e l 14. Southeastern and Eastern Anatolia in the Middle Bronze Age 337 N ic o l a L a n e r i a n d M a r k S c h w a r t z The Late Bronze Age 15. The Late Bronze Age in the West and the Aegean 363 Tr e v o r B r y c e 16. The Plateau: The Hittites 376 J u r g e n Sb e h e r 17. Southern and Southeastern Anatolia in the Late Bronze Age 393 M a r i e -H e n r ie t t e Ga t e s The Iron Age 18. The Iron Age on the Central Anatolian Plateau 415 L is a Ke a l h o f e r a n d P e t e r G r a v e 19. The Iron Age of Southeastern Anatolia 443 Tim o t h y M a t n e y 20. The Iron Age in Eastern Anatolia 464 L o r i Khatchadourian 21. The Greeks in Western Anatolia 500 A l a n M . G r e a v e s CONTENTS ix Pa r t III P hilological a n d H i s t o r i c a l T o p i c s 22. The Hittite Language: Recovery and Grammatical Sketch 517 Ga r y B e c k m a n 23. Luwian and the Luwians 534 Ilya Ya k u b o v ic h 24. Urartian and the Urartians 548 Pa u l Z im a n s k y 25. Phrygian and the Phrygians 560 L y n n E. R o l l e r 26. Hittite Anatolia: A Political History 579 R ic h a r d H. B e a l 27. Anatolia: The First Millennium B.C.E. in Historical Context 604 G. Ke n n e t h Sa m s 28. Monuments and Memory: Architecture and Visual Culture in Ancient Anatolian History 623 Om u r H a r m a n ^a h Pa r t IV T h e m a t i c a n d S p e c i f i c T o p ic s Intersecting Cultures: Migrations, Invasions, and Travelers 29. Eastern Thrace: The Contact Zone between Anatolia and the Balkans 657 M e h m e t Oz d o g a n 30. Anatolia and the Transcaucasus: Themes and Variations ca. 6400-1500 B.C.E. 683 A n t o n io Sa g o n a 31. Indo-Europeans 704 H. C r a i g M e l c h e r t 32. Troy in Regional and International Context 717 P e t e r Ja b l o n k a 33. Assyrians and Urartians 734 Ka r e n R a d n e r CONTENTS 34. The Greeks in Anatolia: From the Migrations to Alexander the Great 752 K e n n e t h W. H a r l From Pastoralists to Empires: Critical Issues 35. A Brief Overview of the Halaf Tradition 777 Ga b r ie l a Ca s t r o Ge s s n e r 36. Millennia in the Middle? Reconsidering the Chalcolithic of Asia Minor 796 B l e d a s . D u r in g 37 Interaction of Uruk and Northern Late Chalcolithic Societies in Anatolia 813 M i t c h e l l S. R o t h m a n 38. Ancient Landscapes in Southeastern Anatolia 836 Ja s o n Ur 39. Metals and Metallurgy 858 Ja m e s D. M u h l y 40. The Hittite State and Empire from Archaeological Evidence 877 C l a u d ia G l a t z 41. The Hittite Empire from Textual Evidence 900 Th e o v a n d e n H our Pa r t V K e y S i t e s 42. Gobekli Tepe: A Neolithic Site in Southeastern Anatolia 917 K l a u s S c h m id t 43. (^atalhoyiik: A Prehistoric Settlement on the Konya Plain 934 Ia n H o d d er 44. Ilipmar: A Neolithic Settlement in the Eastern Marmara Region 950 Ja c o b R o o d e n b e r g 45. Arslantepe-Malatya: A Prehistoric and Early Historic Center in Eastern Anatolia 968 M a r c e l l a F r a n g ip a n e CONTENTS XI 46. Titri§ Hoyuk: The Nature and Context of Third Millennium B.C.E. Urbanism in the Upper Euphrates Basin 993 G u il l e r m o A l g a z e a n d Tim o t h y M a t n e y 47.