Business and human rights – towards a decade of global implementation Contributions from the 2020 class of business and human right of Peking University, China Instructed and Compiled by: Prof. Liang Xiaohui Nov. 2020 UNGP 10+ PKU BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation question- Alizati ........................................................................ 2 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Aruna ....................................................................... 4 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Shaofen CAI ............................................................ 8 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Zixin CAI............................................................... 13 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Maoze CHEN ........................................................ 17 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Xiaoshu CHEN ...................................................... 20 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Jiawei CHU ........................................................... 23 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Yueping GUO ........................................................ 26 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Xiao HAN .............................................................. 30 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Weikang JIA .......................................................... 33 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Rui LEE ................................................................. 35 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Chunsu LIANG ..................................................... 38 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Jiamu LIN .............................................................. 41 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Xinyu LIU ............................................................. 46 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Dongyu MA ........................................................... 50 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Wangzi MA ........................................................... 54 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Wenjing MENG ..................................................... 57 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Shuaishuai NIU ..................................................... 59 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Yinsheng QU ......................................................... 65 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Juan REN ............................................................... 68 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Yunchao SHANG .................................................. 71 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Shuqi SHI .............................................................. 73 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Dan SU .................................................................. 77 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Chen WANG ......................................................... 80 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Jingxiao WANG .................................................... 91 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Muyang WANG .................................................... 96 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Zhongyu WANG ................................................. 101 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Zijian WEI ........................................................... 105 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Cuntao XIA ......................................................... 111 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Yeshan Yeerbulati ............................................... 116 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Chenyang ZHANG .............................................. 119 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Chunfeng ZHANG .............................................. 124 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Jingxiu ZHANG .................................................. 127 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Shuyuan ZHANG ................................................ 134 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Siyang ZHANG ................................................... 137 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Wei ZHANG ....................................................... 140 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Xin ZHANG ........................................................ 152 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions-Yuxin ZHANG ..................................................... 159 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Zibin ZHANG ..................................................... 165 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Mengyu ZHAO .................................................... 169 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Zhixing ZHENG .................................................. 175 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Luoyi ZHOU ....................................................... 184 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Yang ZOU ........................................................... 188 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation questions- Yiwei ZOU .......................................................... 193 BHR-UNGP next decade-consultation question- Alizati Business and human rights – towards a decade of global implementation Input to the UNGPs 10+/ Next Decade BHR project Please include links to relevant publications and materials, wherever relevant 1. Where has progress taken place in UNGPs implementation over the course of the last decade? What are the promising developments and practices (by governments, businesses, international organizations, civil society organizations, etc.) that can be built on? UNGP makes more and more countries have formulated national action plans on business and human rights. The amount and quality of the guidance developed by NHRIs, CSOs and other NGOs, including those representing business circles contributed to the states in their NAPs developing efforts. It takes the human rights issue from the moral field to the legal field. Many companies have developed their own human rights policies. Following the exemplary role of some big companies, for example, Unilever and Coca-Cola, more and more companies are inclined to follow the existing models and give more or less some consideration to the human rights issue. By 2019, more than 200 companies on the Fortune Global 500 list had developed and published a corporate human rights policy. 2. Where do gaps and challenges remain? What has not worked to date? As a soft law, UNGPs execution is still insufficient. They do not create new international legal obligations for companies that can be enforced, and are not accompanied by a grievance or complaints mechanism that victims of business-related human rights abuses can access for remedy. Furthermore, the Guiding Principles are weak with regards to developing duties for individual states to regulate the human rights impacts of business enterprises beyond national borders (i.e. extra-territorial obligations), even though this principle is internationally recognized in other areas. I think Pillar 3 is still not work to date. It is true that specific regulations and ordinances are made by the states, and companies are taking actions such as making human rights policy, but the actual effective grievance mechanisms in practice have still not worked to date. 3. What are key obstacles (both visible and hidden), drivers, and priorities that need to be addressed to achieve fuller realization of the UNGPs? The main contradiction is human rights protection and economic development. At present, the rules of knowledge in various countries are relatively rough. The government needs to play its role, develop more detailed guidelines. States need to transform the model of after-event relief into pre-event prevention. Because the compensation amount is actually not high, this makes the company willing to take risks. 4. What systemic or structural challenges need to be tackled to realize sustainable development based on respect for human rights? While attracting foreign investment, protect human rights in the country to achieve sustainable development. Nowadays, development is still taken as priority even at the expenses of violating fundamental human rights. The reason for this phenomenon is that different regions have different human rights standards. If the national standard is lower than the international standard, companies tend to violate human rights. Different states should strive to adopt international standards, rather than violate human rights to develop the economy. Under the same standard, the company will fulfill its commitment. 5. In concrete terms, what will be needed in order to achieve meaningful progress with regard to those obstacles and priority areas? What are actionable and measurable targets for key actors in terms of meeting the UNGPs’ expectations over the coming years? NGO need to strengthen supervision of enterprises and the country concerning human rights. They can publish a report about company human rights policy, and make their own assignment. Protect company’s brand and reputation is a big driver for a company’s commitment. It is should be a mandatory requirement for company to make a report on human rights. Government should take consider from 2 report from NGO and company to provide incentives based on human