THE EVOLUTION OF A PROFESSION: THE FIRST 75 YEARS OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF FOOT AND ANKLE SURGEONS 1942-2017 By Kenneth Durr, PhD with Jerome S. Noll, DPM, EdD, FACFAS The Evolution of a Profession: The First 75 Years of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons, 1942 – 2017 By Kenneth Durr, PhD with Jerome S. Noll, DPM, EdD, FACFAS Copyright © 2017, American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons, Inc. All rights reserved. Copyright © 2017 American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons Inc. Chicago, Illinois All rights reserved Durr, Kenneth D. with Jerome S. Noll The Evolution of a Profession: The First 75 Years of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons, 1942-2017 Library of Congress Control Number 2016919837 ISBN 9780982797785 Published in the United States of America Table of Contents Acknowledgments ..................................................iv Introduction .......................................................v Past Presidents ......................................................vi Chapter 1 – “True Professional Status,” 1942 – 1955 .........................1 Chapter 2 – To Mirror Medicine, 1956 – 1975 .............................13 Chapter 3 – Complications, 1976 – 1991 ................................31 Chapter 4 – A Clearer Focus, 1992 – 2001. 49 Chapter 5 – Keeping the Faith, 2002 – 2017 ..............................67 Appendices • Original Constitution and Bylaws ..................................91 • Annual Meeting and Conference Locations. 95 • Scientific Journal Editors .........................................99 • Distinguished Service Award Recipients ............................101 • Organization Leaders and Primary Office Locations ..................103 • Intrayear High Membership Marks ................................105 • All Known Members. 107 Notes . .151 Index . .167 Photo Credits .....................................................181 Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank Joel Clark, Don Hugar, and Gary Kaplan, who generously shared photographs with us. We are also indebted for imagery to the patient assistance of archivists and librarians nationwide including Edie Caro at the American Podiatric Medical Association, Josue Hurtado at the Temple University Libraries, Kelly Reiss at the Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Paul Tremblay at the New York College of Podiatric Medicine, and Charmaine Wawrzyniec at the Ellis Library and Reference Center. The project drew heavily upon the series of oral histories conducted by Jerry Noll from 2007 to 2014. Those interviewed included: Cheryl Beversdorf, Ginger Burns, Michelle Butterworth, Joel Clark, Mary Crawford, Gary Dorfman, Jordan Grossman, John Giurini, Ben Hara, Dan Hatch, Don Hugar, Gary Jolly, Michael Lee, Gary Lepow, William Lowe, Chris Mahaffey, Robert Mendocino, Mary Meyers, David Novicki, Marsha Pederson, Harold Schoenhaus, Barry Scurran, Alan Shaw, John Stienstra, Jim Thomas, Lowell Scott Weil Sr., Glenn Weinraub, Bruce Werber, and Howard Zlotoff. Also interviewed by History Associates in 2016 were Gary Kaplan, Chris Mahaffey, Mary Meyers, Tom Schedler, Harold Vogler, and Lowell Scott Weil Sr. A number of people at History Associates helped launch or bring the project to completion. Mason Farr conducted oral histories, Barb Reed edited the text, and Jen Giambrone and Phoebe McDougal conducted photo research. The index was prepared by Hilgenberg Editorial Service of Fort Wayne, Indiana and the book was designed and printed by Westland Printers of Laurel, Maryland. iv Introduction Like many American institutions, professional associations tend to think short-term, be it solving the crisis of the day, achieving an annual budget, or forgetting the past when governing for the future. And associations also often fail to remember and recognize their heroes—the people who got them to where they are today. That’s why this book, and the herculean effort that preceded it, are so important. The ACFAS story is a classic American tale. A story of modest beginnings, a hard- fought evolution, and a bright future—however contentious things may have gotten along the way. It’s a story that needs to be told and remembered as the organization—and the profession—continues to evolve. It’s a story every podiatric medical student, member, and future leader should read and remember. And like many tales in the ACFAS story, this project would not have been possible without one person’s passion and commitment. Long-time ACFAS volunteer leader Jerome S. Noll, DPM, FACFAS first expressed an interest in archiving the College’s past as the 70th anniversary approached. Oral histories of past presidents were recorded in 2007-2014. Meanwhile Dr. Noll started compiling and assembling 70-plus years of documents. Then, as the 75th anniversary approached in 2017, we felt a professional historian should write the College’s story to ensure objectivity and credibility. Thanks to Dr. Noll’s research, author Kenneth Durr, PhD has done just that. The citations of virtually every event and statement tell the story accurately and candidly. Mahatma Gandhi said, “A small body of determined spirits, fired by an unquenchable faith in their mission, can alter the course of history.” The College’s five key founders (average age 31) certainly showed their faith, as have 10,000 members over the past 75 years. Together you have changed—and ARE changing—the course of American medical history. J.C. (Chris) Mahaffey, MS, CAE, FASAE Executive Director November 2016 Chicago, Illinois v Past Presidents All individuals are listed with updated titles. In the early years of the profession most foot surgeons earned, and used, the Doctor of Surgical Chiropody (DSC) degree. A few used the PodD degree. Similarly, the title for all Fellows of the American College of Foot Surgeons was abbreviated FACFS. The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery transitioned to universal use of DPM in 1969. The abbreviated title for all fellows was changed to FACFAS in 1993. 1940s Seymour Z. Beiser, DPM, FACFAS Howard J. Zlotoff, DPM, FACFAS Douglas T. Mowbray, DPM, FACFAS 1972-1973 1996-1997 1942-1947 Howard R. Reinherz, DPM, FACFAS A. Louis Jimenez, DPM, FACFAS Lester W. Walsh, DPM, FACFAS 1973-1974 1997-1998 1947-1949 William Lowe, DPM, FACFAS John M. Schuberth, DPM D. Lowell Purgett, DPM, FACFAS 1974-1975 1998-1999 1949-1950 Robert E. Weinstock, DPM, FACFAS Gary M. Lepow, DPM, FACFAS 1975-1976 1999-2000 1950s Saul Ladd, DPM, FACFAS Lawrence A. Frost, DPM, FACFAS 1976-1977 2000s 1950-1952 Charles L. Jones, DPM, FACFAS Barry L. Scurran, DPM, FACFAS Oswald E. Roggenkamp, DPM, FACFAS 1977-1978 2000-2001 1952-1954 Cecil W. Davis, DPM, FACFAS Robert W. Mendicino, DPM, FACFAS Samuel F. Korman, DPM, FACFAS 1978-1979 2001-2002 1954-1956 Raymond A. Scheimer, DPM, FACFAS Robert G. Frykberg, DPM Ned Pickett, DPM, FACFAS 1979-1980 2002-2003 1956-1958 Bruce R. Werber, DPM, FACFAS Ralph Owens, DPM, FACFAS 1980s 2003-2004 1958-1959 Donald W. Hugar, DPM, FACFAS Gary P. Jolly, DPM, FACFAS Earl G. Kaplan, DPM, FACFAS 1980-1982 2004-2005 1959-1960 Stuart A. Marcus, DPM, FACFAS John J. Stienstra, DPM, FACFAS 1982-1983 2005-2006 1960s Gary R. Dorfman, DPM, FACFAS James L. Thomas, DPM, FACFAS William Edwards, DPM, FACFAS 1983-1984 2006-2007 1960-1961 Edward H. Fischman, DPM, FACFAS Daniel J. Hatch, DPM, FACFAS Louis M. Newman, DPM, FACFAS 1984-1985 2007-2008 1961-1962 Joel R. Clark, DPM, FACFAS John M. Giurini, DPM, FACFAS Lyle R. McCain, DPM, FACFAS 1985-1986 2008-2009 1962-1963 Richard L. Hecker, DPM, FACFAS Mary E. Crawford, DPM, FACFAS Robert L. Brennan, DPM, FACFAS 1986-1987 2009-2010 1963-1964 David V. Chazan, DPM, FACFAS Ralph E. Fowler, DPM, FACFAS 1987-1988 2010s 1964-1965 Arnold L. Cohen, DPM, FACFAS Michael S. Lee, DPM, FACFAS John B. Collet, DPM, FACFAS 1988-1989 2010-2011 1965-1966 James H. Lawton, DPM, FACFAS Glenn M. Weinraub, DPM, FACFAS James Meade, DPM, FACFAS 1989-1990 2011-2012 1966-1967 Michelle L. Butterworth, DPM, FACFAS Robert L. Rutherford, DPM, FACFAS 1990s 2012-2013 1967-1968 Howard M. Sokoloff, DPM, FACFAS Jordan P. Grossman, DPM, FACFAS Samuel C. Abdoo, DPM, FACFAS 1990-1991 2013-2014 1968-1969 Gary S. Kaplan, DPM, FACFAS Thomas S. Roukis, DPM, PhD, FACFAS Oscar M. Scheimer, DPM, FACFAS 1991-1992 2014-2015 1969-1970 Alan H. Shaw, DPM, FACFAS Richard M. Derner, DPM, FACFAS 1992-1993 2015-2016 1970s Lowell Scott Weil, Sr, DPM, FACFAS Sean T. Grambart, DPM, FACFAS James O. Tredway, DPM, FACFAS 1993-1994 2016-2017 1970-1971 David C. Novicki, DPM, FACFAS Laurence G. Rubin, DPM, FACFAS Ben Hara, DPM, FACFAS 1994-1995 2017-2018 1971-1972 Harold D. Schoenhaus, DPM, FACFAS 1995-1996 vi Chapter 1 “True Professional Status,” 1942 – 1955 On March 23, 1942, a new organization was chartered in the state of Delaware.1 The incorporation was routine—it is doubtful that any of its officers were even in attendance. But the officers were not men to stand on ceremony—they were after results, and they realized that even though this step was the product of several years of work, it was only a beginning. For years practitioners of the treatment of foot and ankle problems—most often called chiropodists—had been seeking respect and the right to practice their specialty on par with other medical men. They had made great strides in recent years, but there was a subspecialty—surgeons of the foot—whose status was even more in doubt. It would take a systematic and sustained effort to build up a profession worthy of the respect and recognition that these practitioners knew that they could attain. And that is what their new organization, the American College of Foot Surgeons, was meant to accomplish. The founders hoped that this organization would long outlast them and accomplish more than they ever could individually. It did. Rise to Recognition The mysteries and complexities of the internal anatomy had given medical doctors a certain measure of status—indeed even before many had earned it. However, chiropody was awarded no such respect. There was some good reason. It had started in Europe as a trade more than a profession, with its practitioners traveling about, working out of barbershops or from bootblack stands, cutting corns and callouses from the feet and hands.