Crepuscular crust values of Thanatia. Xc represents the crepuscular concentration of the given mineral in Thanatia. (Valero et al. 2011) Mineral Formula xc Quarz SiO 2 2.29E-01 Albite NaAlSi O 3 8 1.35E-01 Oligoclase Na Ca Al Si O 0.8 0.2 1.2 2.8 8 1.19E-01 Orthoclase KAlSi O 3 8 1.18E-01 Andesine Na Ca Al Si O 0.6 0.4 1.4 2.6 8 5.46E-02 Paragonite NaAl Si O (OH) 3 3 10 2 3.96E-02 Biotite KMg Fe2+,0.5AlSi O (OH) F 2.5 3 10 1.75 0.25 3.82E-02 Hydromuscovite/ Illite K (H O) Al Mg Fe2+,0.1Si O (OH) 0.6 3 0.4 2 0.4 3.5 10 2 3.03E-02 Augite Ca Na Mg Fe2+,0.2Al Ti Si O 0.9 0.1 0.9 0.4 0.1 1.9 6 3.00E-02 Hornblende Ca Fe2+,4Al Fe3+,0.25(Si AlO )(OH) 2 0.75 7 22 2 2.63E-02 Labradorite Na Ca Al Si O 0.5 0.5 1.5 2.5 8 2.50E-02 Nontronite Na Fe3+,2Si Al O (OH) 4(H O) 0.3 3.7 0.3 10 2 2 1.93E-02 ⋅ Opal SiO 1.5(H O) 2 2 1.24E-02 ⋅ Ripidolite Mg Fe2+,1.25Si Al O (OH) 3.75 3 2 10 8 1.20E-02 Almandine Fe2+,3Al (SiO ) 2 4 3 1.04E-02 Muscovite KAl Si O (OH) F 3 3 10 1.8 0.2 1.01E-02 Sillimanite Al SiO 2 5 9.97E-03 Epidote Ca Fe3+Al (SiO ) (OH) 2 2 4 3 9.06E-03 Kaolinite Al Si O (OH) 2 2 5 4 8.36E-03 Calcite CaCO 3 8.06E-03 2+ Magnetite Fe3+,2Fe O 4 7.97E-03 Riebeckite Na Fe2+,3Fe3+,2(Si O )(OH) 2 8 22 2 5.74E-03 Beidellite Na Al Si O (OH) 0.33 2.33 3.67 10 2 5.10E-03 2+ Ilmenite Fe TiO 3 4.71E-03 Titanite CaTiSiO 5 4.46E-03 Clinochlore Mg Fe2+,1.25Si Al O (OH) 3.75 3 2 10 8 4.37E-03 Sepiolite Mg Si O (OH) 6(H O) 4 6 15 2 2 3.48E-03 3+ ⋅ Aegirine NaFe Si O 2 6 3.04E-03 Mineral Formula xc Diopside CaMgSi O 2 6 3.04E-03 Natrolite Na Al Si O 2(H O) 2 2 3 10 2 2.97E-03 ⋅ Cummingtonite Mg (Si O )(OH) 7 8 22 2 2.91E-03 Phosphate rock Ca (PO ) 3 4 2 2.79E-03 2+ Hypersthene MgFe Si O 2 6 2.72E-03 Ankerite CaFe2+,0.6Mg Mn2+,0.1(CO ) 0.3 3 2 2.71E-03 Hastingsite NaCa Fe2+,4Fe3+(Si Al O )(OH) 2 6 2 22 2 2.58E-03 Bytownite Na Ca Al Si O 0.2 0.8 1.8 2.2 8 2.50E-03 Actinolite Ca Mg Si O (OH) Fe2+,2 2 3 8 22 2 2.47E-03 Hydrobiotite Mg Fe3+,0.6K Ca Si Al O (OH) F 3(H O) 2.3 0.3 0.1 2.8 1.3 10 1.8 0.2 2 2.44E-03 ⋅ Montmorillonite Na Ca Al Si O (OH) 0.165 0.0835 2.33 3.67 10 2 2.39E-03 Andalusite Al SiO 2 5 2.03E-03 Lawsenite CaAl Si O 2 2 7 2.00E-03 Diaspore AlO(OH) 1.77E-03 Pennine Mg Fe2+,1.25Si Al O (OH) 3.75 3 2 10 8 1.71E-03 Glauconite K Na Fe3+,1.3Mg Fe2+,0.2Al Si O (OH) 0.6 0.05 0.4 0.3 3.8 10 2 1.56E-03 Dolomite CaMg(CO ) 3 2 1.42E-03 Prehnite Ca Al Si O (OH) 2 2 3 10 2 1.41E-03 Hydragillite/ Gibbsite Al(OH) 3 1.38E-03 Ulvöspinel TiFe2+,2O 4 1.16E-03 Goethite Fe3+O(OH) 1.04E-03 Neptunite KNa LiFe2+,1.5Mn2+,0.5Ti Si O 2 2 8 24 9.97E-04 Hematite Fe O 2 3 9.68E-04 Lepidomelane/ Annite KFe2+,2.5Mg Fe3+,0.75Al Si O (OH) 0.5 0.25 3 10 2 9.11E-04 Barite BaSO 4 8.03E-04 Sanidine K Na AlSi O 0.75 0.25 3 8 7.31E-04 Distene/ Kyanite Al SiO 2 5 7.08E-04 Celestine SrSO 4 6.70E-04 Staurolite Fe2+Al Si O (OH) 9 4 23 6.56E-04 Thuringite/ Chamosite Fe2+,3Mg Al3+,0.5Fe3+,0.5Si AlO (OH) 2 3 10 2 6.44E-04 Mineral Formula xc 2+ Ferrosilite Fe MgSi O 2 6 6.13E-04 Halite NaCl 5.89E-04 Boehmite AlO(OH) 5.79E-04 Thomsonite NaCa Al Si O 6(H O) 2 5 5 20 2 4.99E-04 ⋅ Serpentine/ Clinochrysotile Mg Si O (OH) 3 2 5 4 4.56E-04 Pigeonite Mg Fe2+,0.55Ca Si O 1.35 0.1 2 6 4.37E-04 2+ Bronzite MgFe Si O 2 6 4.11E-04 Apatite Ca (PO ) (OH) F Cl 5 4 3 0.33 0.33 0.33 4.03E-04 Zircon ZrSiO 4 3.88E-04 Stilpnomelane K Fe2+,8Al Si O (OH) 6(H O) 0.8 0.8 11.1 21 8.6 2 3.85E-04 ⋅ Spodumente LiAlSi O 2 6 3.83E-04 Leucoxene CaTiSiO 5 3.72E-04 Tremolite Ca Mg Si O (OH) 2 5 8 22 2 3.48E-04 Clinozoisite Ca Al (SiO ) (OH) 2 3 4 3 3.41E-04 Psilomelane Ba (H O)Mn3+,5O 2 10 3.41E-04 ⋅ Crossite Na Mg Fe2+Al (Si O )(OH) 2 2 2 8 22 2 3.31E-04 Pyrite FeS?2 3.17E-04 Niter KNO 3 3.00E-04 Talc Mg Si O (OH) 3 4 10 2 2.91E-04 Vermiculite Mg Si O (OH) 2(H O) 3 4 10 2 2 2.82E-04 ⋅ Enstatite Mg Si O 2 2 6 2.79E-04 Anorthite CaAl Si O 2 2 8 2.75E-04 Rutile TiO 2 2.73E-04 Zoisite Ca Al Si O (OH) 2 3 3 12 2.58E-04 Nitratine NaNO 3 2.52E-04 Graphite C 2.43E-04 2+ Siderite Fe CO 3 2.43E-04 2+ Braunite Mn Mn3+,6SiO 12 2.36E-04 Olivine Mg Fe2+,0.4(SiO ) 1.6 4 2.34E-04 Spessartine Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3 2.28E-04 Mineral Formula xc Anhydrite CaSO 4 2.26E-04 Hollandite Ba Pb Na Mn4+,6Fe3+,1.3Mn2+,0.5 Al Si O 0.8 0.2 0.125 0.2 0.1 16 2.23E-04 Analcime NaAlSi2O ·(H O) 6 2 2.23E-04 C org C 2.23E-04 2+ Chromite Fe Cr O 2 4 1.98E-04 Vesuvianite/ Idocrase Ca Mg Al (SiO ) (Si O ) (OH) 10 2 4 4 5 2 7 2 4 1.71E-04 Pyrrhotite Fe2+S 1.51E-04 Tephroite Mn2+,2(SiO ) 4 1.23E-04 Corundum Al O 2 3 1.22E-04 Gypsum CaSO 2H O 4 2 1.21E-04 ⋅ Rhodochrosite MnCO 3 1.05E-04 Arfvedsonite Na Fe2+,4Fe3+(Si O )(OH) 3 8 22 2 1.05E-04 Monazite (Ce) Ce La Nd Th (PO ) 0.5 0.25 0.2 0.05 4 1.03E-04 Sphalerite ZnS 9.96E-05 Jadeite NaAl Fe3+,0.1(Si O ) 0.9 2 6 9.80E-05 Dispersed V V 9.71E-05 Pumpellyite Ca MgAl (SiO )(Si O )(OH) (H O) 2 2 4 2 7 2 2 9.49E-05 ⋅ Diodochic Rb Rb 8.30E-05 Aragonite CaCO 3 7.70E-05 Nepheline Na K Al(SiO ) 0.75 0.25 4 7.43E-05 Forsterite Mg SiO 2 4 6.96E-05 2+ Hedenbergite CaFe Si O 2 6 6.82E-05 Witherite BaCO 3 6.79E-05 Chalcopyrite CuFeS 2 6.64E-05 Phlogopite KMg AlSi O F(OH) 3 3 10 6.62E-05 Pentlandite Fe2+,4.5Ni S 4.5 8 5.75E-05 Cordierite Mg Al Si O 2 4 5 18 5.57E-05 Fayalite Fe2+,2SiO 4 4.78E-05 Pyrolusite MnO 2 4.73E-05 Anatase TiO 2 4.46E-05 Mineral Formula xc Francolite Ca (PO ) (CO ) F 5 4 2.63 3 0.5 1.11 4.35E-05 Tourmaline NaFe2+,3Al (BO ) Si O (OH) 6 3 3 6 18 4 4.30E-05 Orthite-Ce/ Allanite Ca Ce Y Al Fe3+(Si O )(OH) 1.2 0.4 0.133 2 3 12 4.05E-05 Lepidolite KLi AlSi O F(OH) 2 4 10 3.99E-05 Gedrite Mg Al (Si Al O )(OH) 5 2 6 2 22 2 3.23E-05 Beryl Be Al Si O 3 2 6 18 3.22E-05 Pyrophyllite Al Si O (OH) 2 4 10 2 3.22E-05 Magnesite MgCO 3 3.04E-05 Ilmenorutile Ti Nb Fe2+,0.225O 0.7 0.15 2 2.96E-05 2+ Rhodonite Mn SiO 3 2.93E-05 Ulexite NaCaB O 8H O 5 9 2 2.92E-05 ⋅ Chloritoid Fe2+,1.2Mg Mn2+,0.2Al Si O (OH) 0.6 4 2 10 4 2.89E-05 Diadochic Ce Ce 2.83E-05 Clementite Fe2+,3Mg AlFe3+Si AlO (OH) 1.5 3 12 6 2.64E-05 Jacobsite Mn2+,0.6Fe2+,0.3Mg Fe3+,1.5Mn3+,0.5O 0.1 4 2.63E-05 Kernite Na B O 4H O 2 4 7 2 2.61E-05 ⋅ Bastnaesite La(CO )F 3 2.54E-05 Colemanite Ca B O 5H O 2 6 11 2 2.46E-05 ⋅ Sassolite (natural boric acid) H BO 3 3 2.22E-05 Murmanite Na Ti Nb (Si O ) O 4(H O) 4 3.6 0.4 2 7 2 4 2 2.15E-05 ⋅ Cryptomelane KMn4+,7.5Mn2+,0.5O 16 2.11E-05 Anthophyllite Mg Si O (OH) 7 8 22 2 2.09E-05 Grossular Ca Al (SiO ) 3 2 4 3 2.08E-05 Diadochic Ni Ni 1.98E-05 Amblygonite Li Na Al(PO )F (OH) 0.75 0.25 4 0.75 0.25 1.95E-05 Diadochic Y Y 1.86E-05 Scapolite Na Ca Al Si O Cl 2 2 3 9 24 1.83E-05 Pollucite Cs Na Rb Al Si O (H O) 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.9 2.1 6 2 1.78E-05 ⋅ Dispersed Ga Ga 1.76E-05 Dispersed Co Co 1.73E-05 Spinel MgAl O 2 4 1.52E-05 Mineral Formula xc Diadochic Nd Nd 1.46E-05 Sapphirine Mg Al Si O 4 6.5 1.5 20 1.40E-05 Dispersed Sc Sc 1.40E-05 Manganite MnO(OH) 1.31E-05 Cristobalite SiO 2 1.24E-05 Fluorite CaF 2 1.12E-05 Andradite Ca Fe2+,2(SiO ) 3 4 3 9.98E-06 Glaucophane Na (Mg Al )Si O (OH) 2 3 2 8 22 2 9.49E-06 2+ Ferrocolumbite Fe Nb O 2 6 8.10E-06 Todorokite Na Mn4+,4Mn3+,2O 3(H O) 2 12 2 8.03E-06 ⋅ Clinohumite Mg Fe2+,2.25(SiO ) F (OH) 6.75 4 4 1.5 0.5 7.64E-06 Pr in Monazite.