TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, 5(2) April 2014 M. SYAOM BARLIANA & DIAH CAHYANI PERMANASARI Learning Pattern of Inheritance Tradition of Sustainable Architecture: From Ethno-Architecture to Ethno-Pedagogy ABSTRACT: Sustainable architecture is not just a matter of technology-related material, the energy use efϔiciency, land use efϔiciency, material use efϔiciency, the use of technology and new materials, and waste management, but also about cultural attitudes and education. In traditional societies, for example, sustainability is happening not only by artefact form, but rather on a belief in the values underlying the respect and understanding to keep the harmony of nature. Therefore, this study wants to focus on two things. Firstly, describing how the behavior patterns of traditional village culture in interacting with the natural environment and the built environment (architecture) in harmony and sustainable. Secondly, examining how patterns of behavior are maintained and passed through a learning process to the next generation. The ethno-architecture and ethno-pedagogy research will use qualitative research methods, which not only focuses on the process (behavior) but also on artefacts as cultural architecture products. The research focus on ethno-architecture shows that the landscape setting of Ciptagelar cultural village in Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia is generally ϔit to the sustainable architecture parameters. Meanwhile, ethno-pedagogy sides shows that the tales, advices, poems and children’s songs, myths, symbolisms, and belief are some learning pattern of tradition inheritance which content has an effort to live in a harmony with the nature, environment knowledge, environment awareness, and the implementation of environment conservation. KEY WORDS: Ethno-architecture, ethno-pedagogy, Ciptagelar cultural village, sustainable architecture, and the traditions inheritance learning. INTRODUCTION compromising the ability of future generations Exploitative development has spawned a to meet their own needs. The needs are differ variety of impacts that harm the environment from one society to others and the best when and human life. Therefore, environmental determined by the relevant public. This is in issues have become popular and current line with the opinion of B. Edwards & P. Hyett issues in the last decade. Global warming (2001) that most of the sustainable design is and others environmental impacts have been done with the energy conservation, while also harassing the public consciousness the world admit that it’s also about creating a healthy, to be more sensitive and, then, act wisely in an economically, and sensitive to local needs. environmental management (Adams, 2009). However, sustainable architecture is not It spawned numerous attempts to produce a panacea recipe that can easily resolve appropriate solutions for the environmental environmental issues. Sustainable architecture problems. In connection with the design of is not just a question of technology-material the built environment, one of the concepts concerns, among others, through the eficient of problem solving that is sustainable use of energy, land use eficiency, eficiency of architecture. According to James Steele (1997), use of materials, use of technology and new sustainable architecture is an architecture materials, and waste management. Sustainable that meets the needs of the present without architecture is related to cultural attitudes Prof. Dr. M. Syaom Barliana and Dr. Diah Cahyani Permanasari are Lecturers at the Department of Architecture Education, Faculty of Vocational Technology Education UPI (Indonesia University of Education), Jalan Dr. Setiabudhi No.207, Bandung 40154, West Java, Indonesia. For academic purposes, the authors can be contacted via their e-mails at: [email protected] and [email protected] 209 M. SYAOM BARLIANA & DIAH CAHYANI PERMANASARI, Learning Pattern of Inheritance Tradition (Jenks & Burgess, 2000). consumerism. The development of this kind, Simon Guy & Francis Farmer (2001), by as we call it as “the architectural modernism quoting Maxman, states that, “Sustainable orthodoxy” (Barliana & Permanasari, 2011), architecture is not a prescription. It’s an proved only to produce a work of architecture approach, an attitude. It’s should not really even arrogant, inhuman, not contextual, and ignore have a label. It’s should just be architecture”. the exploitative environment. Correspondingly, Eko Prawoto (2010) reveals Based on that, the development in that sustainability is not just a manifestation Indonesia should be rooted in natural occur artifact, but rather on the belief in diversity, the uniqueness of the local culture the underlying values, namely respect and and community respect, without abandoning understanding to keep the harmony of nature. the concept and elements of modernity. Local He plumbed the tradition of Indonesian people wisdom in the form of alignment of human who had always been living in harmony with interaction with the environment, which nature, not because of the economic logic of synergized with a wealth of modern science austerity, but really in tune with nature, not and technology, will produce fusion power against the nature (Prawoto, 2010). architecture of the so-called “sustainable The tradition of Indonesian people, who architecture”. Sustainable architecture is part live in harmony with nature, can still be found of sustainable development (Brundtland, in the indigenous villages with traditional 1987; and May, 2010). Thus, sustainable architecture formation. Although the general development is deined as development to cultural research has been done on indigenous meet current human needs without damaging villages in West Java, Indonesia, but a the ability of future generations forward to combination of ethno-architectural research meet their own needs. and ethno-pedagogical truth has not been Based on that understanding, the concept much done. of sustainable development is based on two Therefore, this research focuses on two keywords. First, the requirement, which things. First, it describes how patterns of means that development meet the needs cultural behavior of indigenous villagers in of the standard of living for everyone. interacting with the natural environment Second, the capacity limit, which means that and the built environment (architecture) in development should considering the limits of harmony and sustainable. Second, it examines the environmental ability to be able to meet how patterns of behavior are maintained and not only current needs but also the future passed on through the process of learning generation needs. to the next generation. On both sides, this Related to architecture, we know that research is very important. Exploration architecture is very signiicant as a consumer of the cultural roots and local knowledge of natural resources. Through the process is important, to acquire knowledge about of construction, construction material patterns of human interaction with the production, and operation of buildings, environment and sustainable by heritage architecture contributes the high levels of learning methods, which will be an inspiration energy consumption, waste production, and to contemporary civilization and the future of pollution. Even, modern architecture is related Indonesia. to the capitalistic economy often contrary Indonesia is a country endowed with a to the conservation of the environment wide variety of cultures, very rich, unique, and historic buildings (Lethaby, 1912). exotic, and contains much wisdom, also Therefore, the implementation of the concept the existence and richness of traditional of sustainable architecture is a necessary architecture. Unfortunately, the development requirement. of Indonesia’s modern architecture is based There is a notion of sustainable solely on aesthetic rationality, eficiency architecture, which seems to contain function formalism, and international style, shades of different meanings, but in fact which relates to the commercialism and complementary. Fisher, in S. Hui (2002), states 210 TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, 5(2) April 2014 on environmental architecture containing ive systems, and architectural practices (in the basic principles: (1) interior environmental interaction with the built environment and the health, (2) energy eficiency, (3) reduction in natural environment) based on local wisdom. the use of materials that would damage the On the other hand, it is interesting to global environment, (4) the processing site examine how the pattern of inheritance of and architectural form that is sensitive to the the tradition of intergenerational learning environment and climate, as well as (5) design is happening, so that the traditional village encourage increased physical quality of the characteristic has enough durability relative environment, spiritualism, and historical. to the pressure changes. In other terms, the From above theoretical explanation, learning pattern of inheritance of tradition already illustrated a number of sustainable (handling down) can be termed as “ethno- architecture concepts. A number of agencies pedagogy”. This is in line with the views of A. are measuring the implementation of Chaedar Alwasilah, K. Suryadi & Tri Karyono sustainable architecture in the building and (2009) and Tatang Suratno (2010), who stated environment (Davoudi & Layard eds., 2001). that ethno-pedagogy is an educational practice One of the main indicators