MASARYK UNIVERSITY Faculty of Science Department of Geography Zdeněk HYNEK APPLICATION OF WEB TECHNOLOGIES FOR DATA MAINTENANCE WHILE USING WEB INTERFACE Diploma Thesis Thesis Advisor: RNDR. Tomáš Řezník, Ph.D. Brno 2011 Author's first and last name: Zdeněk Hynek Diploma thesis name: Application of Web technologies for data maintenance while using Web interface Field of study: Geographical Cartography and Geoinformatics Thesis Advisor: RNDr. Tomáš Řezník, Ph.D. Graduation year : 2011 Anotace Diplomová práce představuje webovou aplikaci pro on-line editaci prostorových dat. V teoretické části podává práce základní přehled použitých technologií, relevantních mezinárodních standardů a teoretických konceptů na jejichž základě byla aplikace vyvinuta. Aplikace byla testována v rámci terénního experimentu v listopadu 2008 v rámci výzkumného záměru Dynamická vizualizace v krizovém managementu řešeného v rámci Laboratoře geoinformatiky a kartografie. Na základě výsledku experimentu je aplikace stručně zhodnocena a jsou načrtnuty možnosti dalšího vývoje. Annotation The thesis deals with development of an exemplary web application for on-line editing of geo-spatial data. The written part presents overview of technologies used, international standards involved and theoretical concepts which laid foundation for the development of application. The application has been tested during the field experiment testing in November 2008 as part of the Dynamic Geovisualization in the Crisis management research project at Laboratory on Geoinformatics and Cartography. Based on the experiment results, the brief evaluation of application's functionality and usability is made, together with prospects for further development. Klíčová slova: Webové služby, WMS, WFS, OGC, Krizový management Keywords: Web services, WMS, WFS, OGC, Crisis Management I hereby affirm that I have written the thesis by myself under the guidance of RNDr. Tomáš Řezník, Ph.D. and I have listed all the literature used in the list of references. In Hradec Králové, 11th January 2011 ________________________________ signature of the author Acknowledgement I would like to thank Tomáš Řezník for all the patience, guidance and help with the thesis writing and also for the unconditional support of all the ideas, even the bad ones, throughout years of my studies. I would also like to thank Martin Pulicar for always pushing me a wee bit closer to impossible. Lastly, I would like to thank Geogrmelec, and everybody who made it possible, for not stopping making sense when everything else was a mess. Also, my family. Table of Contents 1. GEOGRAPHIC DATA PUBLISHING ON WEB............................................................10 1.1 Representation of geographical data....................................................................................10 1.1.1 Discrete object view..................................................................................................................10 1.1.2 Continuous field view..............................................................................................................11 1.2 Representation of geographical data in digital form..........................................................11 1.3 Representation of geographical data on web......................................................................12 1.3.1 Raster formats ...........................................................................................................................12 1.3.2 Vector formats............................................................................................................................13 1.4 Geography Markup Language..............................................................................................14 1.4.1. GML General scheme..............................................................................................................15 1.4.2. GML Profiles.............................................................................................................................15 1.4.3 GML Application schemes.......................................................................................................16 1.4.4.1 Difference between GML 2 and GML 3.2.1..........................................................................16 1.4.4.2 CityGML...................................................................................................................................16 1.4.4.3 SWE...........................................................................................................................................17 1.5 Publishing maps on the Internet...........................................................................................18 1.5.1 Static maps publishing.............................................................................................................19 1.5.2 Interactive map publishing......................................................................................................20 1.5.2.1 Client-side extensions.............................................................................................................20 1.5.2.2 Server-side extensions.............................................................................................................21 1.5.2.3 Mixed solutions.......................................................................................................................21 1.6 Distribution of geographic data............................................................................................22 1.6.1 Web services overview.............................................................................................................23 2. CARTOGRAPHIC VISUALIZATION ON WEB...........................................................24 2.1 Web Map Service....................................................................................................................24 2.1.1. Principles of WMS....................................................................................................................24 2.1.2. Mechanics behind WMS.........................................................................................................25 2.1.3 GetCapabilities, GetMap and GetFeatureInfo services.......................................................25 2.1.4. WMS servers.............................................................................................................................28 2.1.5. Geospatial Web.........................................................................................................................28 2.2 Symbology encoding language and symbology layer descriptor.....................................29 2.2.1. Symbology Encoding language.............................................................................................29 2.2.2. Styled Layer Descriptor...........................................................................................................30 2.4 GML vs. SLD...........................................................................................................................31 2.4.1 Keyhole Markup Language.....................................................................................................32 2.5 Filtering encoding...................................................................................................................34 2.5.1. Operators...................................................................................................................................34 3 PRINCIPLES OF WEB SERVICES....................................................................................35 3.1 Web Services Architecture.....................................................................................................35 3.1.1 Architecture overview..............................................................................................................35 3.1.2 Components...............................................................................................................................36 3.1.2.1 Universal Description Discovery and Integration..............................................................36 3.1.2.2 Simple Object Access Protocol...............................................................................................37 3.1.2.3 Web Services Description Language.....................................................................................39 3.1.3 Types of web service.................................................................................................................40 3.1.3.1 Use case.....................................................................................................................................40 3.1.3.2 Sensors.....................................................................................................................................43 3.2 Web Feature Service...............................................................................................................43 3.2.1 Principles....................................................................................................................................43 3.2.2 Mechanics...................................................................................................................................44 3.2.3 GetCapabilities, DescribeFeatureType, GetFeature, GetGmlObject LockFeature..........45 3.2.4 Transaction.................................................................................................................................47