Europaisches Patentamt European Patent Office © Publication number: 0 238 225 Office europeen des brevets A2 © EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION © Application number: 87301682.8 © Int. CI.4: A61 K 7/021 @ Date of filing: 26.02.87 ® Priority: 18.03.86 US 840917 © Applicant: MINNESOTA MINING AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY © Date of publication of application: 3M Center, P.O. Box 33427 23.09.87 Bulletin 87/39 St Paul, Minnesota 55133-3427(US) © Designated Contracting States: © Inventor: Sweeny, Norman P. c/o Minnesota DE FR GB IT Mining and Manufacturing Company 2501 Hudson Road P.O. Box 33427 St Paul Minnesota 55133(US) © Representative: Baiilie, lain Cameron et al c/o Ladas & Parry Isartorpiatz 5 D-8000 Miinchen 2(DE) © Cosmetic colorant compositions. © Cosmetic compositions are provided which have modifiable color characteristics. A single composition may be applied, and with the application of pressure, the color of the composition may be changed. The composition contains a first pigment and microcaps- ules containing a second pigment. Upon rupture of the microcapsules, the coloration of the second pig- ment is added to the composition, altering its color characteristics. CM < Lf) CM CM 00 CO CM LU Xerox Copy Centre 1 0 238 225 2 COSMETIC COLORANT COMPOSITONS ents 3,016,308 and 3,516,941. These patents dis- BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION close in situ polymerization reactions in which a hydrophobic oil phase is dispersed in an aqueous 1. Field of the Invention phase containing resin precursors, particularly 5 aminoplast resin precursors (to form urea/aldehyde The present invention relates to compositions resins and the like). High shear agitation is used to useful in the application of colored cosmetics to the keep the capsule size small. Addition of an acid human body. catalyst initiates the polycondensation of the aminoplast precursors, resulting in the deposition 10 of the aminoplast resin about the dispersed 2. Background of the Art droplets of the oil phase. This produces the micro- capsules. The application of decorative or masking colors Other polycondensations encapsulation tech- to the skin of humans and particularly to the face of niques are shown in U.S. Patents 3,429,827 and humans is a highly specialized technical area. 75 4,000,087. These particular techniques are more Compositions vary greatly depending upon the limited in the classes of hydrophobic inner phases specific location to which the color is to be applied. acceptable in the microcapsules because of reac- The compositions used to apply color to the lips - tion with the oil soluble monomer or poor solubility (e.g., lipstick or lip balm) require water repeliancy of the monomer in the desired hydrophobic phase. because of their repeated contact with liquids. Mas- 20 U.S. Patent 3,930,101 teaches that, to be re- cara must have very high color density and strong tained in the hydrophobic phase during high shear bonding ability to eyelashes. Rouge, blusher and dispersion of a fluid particulate dispersion, it is pancake must be very fine and easily spreadabie. necessary that the particculate be preferentially Eye shadow must also be fine and spreadabie, yet wetted by the hyrophobic phase. It is suggested to should not break down during mild abrasion as is 25 use suitable surfactants which adsorb to the par- encountered with repeated blinking and movement ticulate surface as a way to achieve the desired of eyelids. There are aiso bases and foundations preferential wetting. It has, however, been recog- for colors which require specific properties to en- nized that, in the in situ polymerization of able them to perform their unique function. aminoplast resins method for encapsulation, the In recent years, styles have become more dra- so presence of surfactants interferes with the deposi- matic, allowing the use of more color and even tion of the aminoplast resin at the hydrophobic multiple colors in the applications of makeup. For phase/water phase interface, giving poorly formed example, one portion of an eyelid may be pink and or leaky capsules. Similarly, oil soluble suspending another portion blue. The change in colors can be agents could alter the wetting of many particulates. used not only for the multicolor appearance, but 35 Since many of these materials contain carboxylate the change can give an appearance of eyes being groups, exposure to highly acidic medias often farther apart or closer together then they actually converts them to carboxylic acid groups altering are. Such make-over techniques are highly valued their adsorbability to the particulates. by the cosmetician and makeup artist. U.S. Patent 4,307,169 teaches the inclusion of There are some problems involved in blending 40 magnetic materials into a pressure fixable core colors, however. Even though separate color sour- material within a shell formed by interfacial poly- ces and separate brushes may be used to apply condensation. the individual colors, the later applied colors will U.S. Patent 3,954,666 teaches the preparation always contact the first applied colors. The brushes of semipermeable microcapsules containing cata- will then pick up colorant from the skin and trans- 45 lysts and ferromagnetic materials. port it back to the colour source. The brushes U.S. Patent 4,450,221 teaches magnetic toners themselves will also retain mixtures of colors, ren- comprising lyophilic magnetic particles and a resin dering them less useful. The intermixing of colors surrounded by a resin wall to form microcapsules. in the original source will of course diminish the Colorants such as pigments of dyes may be in- quality of the colorant. 50 eluded in the wall forming resin or the toner. The It is fairly common to find encapsulated liquid magnetic particles are rendered lyophilic by treat- materials in the marketplace. Technology has been ment with a titanate or silane coupling agent The available for many years to effectively provide microcapsules with liquid oleophilic ingredients. Representative processes are shown in U.S. Pat- > 3 0 238 225 4 coupling agent is said to uniformly disperse the Pigments of various types, when dispersed in particles in the binder resin and firmly bond the water insoluble oils, and then mixed or dispersed magnetic particle to the resin. under high shear into water phases to produce oil in water dispersions, will show a variety of be- s haviors depending upon the surface characteristics BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION of the pigment particles relative to the oil and water phases. In particular, pigment particles which are Conventional cosmetic formulations, with or wetted by the water phase and incompletely or without a predominant coloration in the composi- poorly wetted by the oil phase, will readily move tion, can be rendered colored, can be highlighted, 10 from the oil phase to the water phase during this or can be altered in color by the application of dispersion process. Attempts to encapsulate such a pressure to the composition after or during applica- pigment will generally be unsuccessful and lead to tion. The presence within the composition of fran- a capsule containing few, if any, pigment particles. gible microcapsules containing pigment enables Pigment particles which are completely wetted by this coloring phenomenon to occur. 75 the water phase will tend to remain in the interior of Color adjustable cosmetic composition com- the oil phase droplets during the dispersion pro- prise a first colorant, a binder, and a frangible cess. Pigment particles of this type will generally microcapsule comprising a shell , an encapsulate result in microcapsules having the pigment par- liquid and a second colorant which differs in color ticles in the oil core of the microcapsule with rela- from said first colorant. 20 tively few particles being abstracted from the oil phase or caught or immobilized in the microcaps- ule shell wall. Finally, pigment particles which are DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION incompletely wetted by either the oil phase or by the water phase will be found concentrated at the The present invention relates to cosmetic for- 25 oil/water interface during such a dispersion pro- mulations, with or without a predominant coloration cess. Microcapsules formed from this type of pig- in the compositions, which by the application of ment will give capsules having the pigment par- differential pressure over the surface of the com- ticles more or less in the shell wall of the micro- position, during or after application, can be ren- capsule. The ability to alter the surface characteris- dered colored, can be highlighted, or can be al- 30 tics and more particularly the wetting characteris- tered in its predominant color. Conventional cos- tics of pigment particles relative to the chosen oil metic color compositions such as eye shadow, and water phase compositions provides the means lipstick, pancake, face powder, lip balm, cream to control the encapsulatability of pigment disper- rouge, mask powder, suntan lotion, and the like are sions and the means to control the ultimate location used as the basic compositions of the invention. To 35 of the majority of the pigment particles within the these basic compositions are added microcapsules microcapsule (i.e., either freely dispersed in the containing pigments of colors (including sparkling core oil phase or fixed at or within the micro- pigments) which may be different from the color in capsule shell wall). Useful products can be made the original composition. After application of the from microcapsules containing pigments of either composition, further light rubbing (as with a finger) 40 the two types. will rupture the microcapsules, highlighting or It is part of this invention that the second changing the color in the area where the composi- colorant be associated with the microcapsules. This tion was rubbed by exposing the encapsulated means that the second colorant should be on the pigment within the composition.