Assembly Elections 2016 DISTRICT PROFILE Fig:Map of Tinsukia District a. History & Overview : The ancient name of Tinsukia was Bangmara which was orginally known as Changmai Pathar. It was the capital of Muttack Kingdom. The Bangmara city was built by King Sarbananda Singha with the help of his Minister Gopinath Barbaruah alies Godha. The city was built in the middle of the present Tinsukia City (near 1 Assembly Elections 2016 the Senairam H.S. School). As per the direction of Sarbananda Singha, Godha Baruah dug a triangler shaped pond in Bangmara which is known as "Tinikunia Pukhuri". In 1884 Dibru-Sadiya Rail line was constructed and a station was setup near the "Tinikunia Phukhuri" which was named as Tinsukia. Since then the City was popularly known as Tinsukia. The muttack Kingdom occupied a distinct place in the history of Assam during the later part of the 18th century and the early part of 19th century. The Moamareeyas or the Muttacks turned the history of the mighty Ahom Kingdom by leading the historic Moamareeya Rebellion, which may be described as the first socio-political movement in the history of Assam. According to the map prepared by Captain Hemilton Vetch in 1841, a large portion of present Dibrugarh and Tinsukia district had been identified as "Bengmara Country of Moamareeya Tribe" with its capital at Bengmara (present Tinsukia). In the history of Assam, this Bengmara Country was later popularly known as Muttack Country of Soumar, early name of a region in the North East corner of Assam. The First King of Muttack Kingdom was Swargadeo Sarbananda Singha. Sarbananada Singha established his capital at Rangagarah situated in the bank of river Guijan. In 1791 A.D. he transferred his capital to Bengmara. Several tanks were dug in the days of Sarbananda Singha viz.,Chauldhuwa Pukhuri,Kadamoni pukhuri,Da Dharua Pukhuri, Mahdhuwa Pukhuri, Bator pukhuri,Logoni Pukhuri, Na-Pukhuri,Devi Pukhuri,Kumbhi Pukhuri,Rupahi Pukhuri etc. Apart from these ponds there are many ancient roads constructed in different parts of the Muttack territory. Godha-Borbaruah road, Rangagarah road, Rajgor road and Hatiali road were main roads within the territory. During the World War-II Japan occupied Burma in early part of 1942. The British troops retreated to Assam. The Japanese cut-off road communication to China and isolated it. The Japanese were moving towards the North. With a view to recover Burma by the British and the defence of China and maintaining the supply line to Chinese Nationalist Forces, a joint Command, namely, South East Asiatic Command with British, America and China was hurriedly formed in Assam under the Supreme Command of Admiral Lord Luis Mountbatten with his headquarters at Singapore and General Joseph W. Stilwell as Deputy Supreme Commander. General Stilwell was American President Roosevelt's special representative. His advance headquarters was atTaipha on the Chindwin in Hukawang valley of Myanmar beyond the Patkai. The rear headquarters was at Shillong. He was entrusted with additional responsibilities of the American commitment of supplies to the Chinese Nationalist Forces of General Issimo Shiang Kaishek which prompted the General to plan the road. Further, General Stilwell was commanding General of China, Burma, India and Chief of the Chinese Expeditionary Forces in India with responsibility to maintain direct liaison between the Chinese and the United States Forces. In order to maintain the supply line to China from Ledo Rail head in Assam, the road was planned in February, 1942 initially from Mogaung on the Myitkyina Railway on the Irrawadi river in the Kachin State of Myanmar (Burma). The Na-Pukhuri or the cluster of nine ponds is situated at the South-Eastern corner of Tinsukia Town. A great historical monument of the Muttock Kingdom ( 1788 – 1842 ), it was constructed during the reign of the 2 Assembly Elections 2016 last Muttock King Sarbananda Singha ( 1788 – 1805 ). It was during his times that many other beautiful tanks and ponds in and around his capital city Bengmara (now Tinsukia) were created. As part of the centenary celebrations of the first production oil well in India, the Assam Oil Company (part of Indian Oil) established a museum of the history of the Assam oil industry, behind the refinery at Digboi, which opened in early 2002. There is a fair amount of preserved machinery present, much of it stationary steam. Not illustrated are a number of small simplex and duplex pumps, mostly anonymous but including a couple of examples by Weir. Note that the museum is closed on Monday and nearby is the Digboi War Cemetery. Dibru- Saikhowa national park is located at about 12 km north of Tinsukia town of Assam covering an area of 350 km2. It lies between 27°30' N to 27°45' N latitude and 95°10' E to 95°45'E longitude at an average altitude of 118 m (range 110-126m). It is also a biosphere reserve. The park bounded is by the Brahmaputra and Lohit rivers in the north and Dibru river in the south. It is situated in Dibrugarh and Tinsukia district of Assam. It mainly consists of moist mixed semi- evergreen forests, moist mixed deciduous forests, canebrakes and grasslands. It is the largest salix swamp forest in north east India. Situated in the flood plains of the Brahmaputra and the Lohit, at an altitude of 118 m above sea level, Dibru-Saikhowa is a safe haven for many endangered species. Due to the auto stocking by the Brahmaputra and Dibru River, it is rich in fish diversity. Dibru Saikhowa has tropical monsoon climate with a hot and wet summer and cool and usually dry winter. The annual rainfall ranges from 2300 mm to 3800 mm. The main rainy months are June, July, August, and September. The average coldest and warmest temperature of the area ranges from 7 °C to 34 °C where June, July and August are the hottest while December and January are the coolest months. b. Geography Tinsukia is one of the administrative districts of Assam which is located in the northern part of Assam. The district headquarters are located at the Tinsukia town. Boundaries: The northern, eastern and southern part of Tinsukia district is totally captured by Arunachal Pradesh. The south border is shared by the Changlang District, north by East Siang dostrict and Lower Dibang Valley district and east by Lohit district. To the north – western part of Tinsukia district lies the Dhemaji district. And then again, to the south western part lies Dibrugarh district. It is the district that lies at the end of the State of Assam in the north direction. Area: The Tinsukia district occupies an area of 3790 sq.km which is almost equal to South Georgia. Its location is 27.4 latitude and 95.3 longitude. It is in 143 meters to 124 meters elevation range. Climate: The climate of Tinsukia district is moderate and ranges from 210 C to 350 C during summer. In winters, the temperature again falls down to as low as 130 C. Average temperature in Tinsukia district are 170 C in January, 210 C in February, 230 C in March, 230 C in April and 250 C in May. 3 Assembly Elections 2016 c. Demography GEOGRAPHICAL STATISTICS Sl. No Item Unit Particulars 1. Geographical Area Sq.Km. 3790 2. Total Population Nos. 13,16,948 3. Longitude Degree 95°22' to 95°38'E 4. Latitude Degree 27°23' to 27°48'N 5. Height above Sea Level Mtrs. 147.83 to 148.30 6. Date of Declaration of District 29.09.1989 7. District H.Q. Tinsukia POPULATION STATISTICS - AS PER 2011 CENSUS 1. Total Population Nos. 1,316,948 2. Male Nos. 675,986 3. Female Nos. 640,962 4. Population in the age group 0-6 Nos. 175,038 5. Population in the age group 0-6 Male Nos. 88,790 6. Population in the age group 0-6 Female Nos. 86,248 7. Literates Nos. 809,796 8. Literates Male Nos. 457,356 9. Literates Female Nos. 352,440 10. Literacy Rate P.C. 70.92 11. Density of Population Nos. 347(per Sq.Km.) 12. Growth rate P.C. 14.51 13. Sex-Ration (per 1000 male) 948 ADMINISTRATION 1. Villages Nos. 1162 2. Inhabited Nos. 1138 3. Un-Inhabited Nos. 24 4. Police Station Nos. 11 5. Police Out-post Nos. 6 6. Border police Out-post Nos. 5 7. Fire Service Station Nos. 3 8. Revenue Circle Nos. 4 9. Development Block Nos. 7 10. I.T.D.P. Nos. 1 11. Gaon Panchayat Nos. 88 12. Zilla Parishad Nos. 1 13. Sub-Division Nos. 3 4 Assembly Elections 2016 d. Divisional Commissioner Sri. Mukti Gogoi, IAS. e. District Election Officer/ Election Officer 1. District Election Officer: Sri Puru Gupta, IAS. 2. Election Officer: Sri Susanta Kr. Dutta, ACS. f. Details of ROs/AROs RETURNING OFFICERS Notified Returning Officer Name of Election No & Name of LAC Since when District Designation Name holding charge Deputy Commissioner, 122 Tinsukia LAC Sri Puru Gupta, IAS 27.06.2013 Tinsukia Smti Bandana Dutta Tinsukia 123 Digboi LAC Addl Deputy Commissioner, I 06.03.2014 Tamuly, ACS 125 Doom Dooma LAC Addl Deputy Commissioner, II Sri P. K. Gogoi, ACS 04.03.2015 ASSISTANT RETURNING OFFICERS Notified Assistant Returning Officer Name of No & Name of Election Since when LAC District Designation Name holding charge 1. Project Director, DRDA, Tinsukia Vacant 2. Addl Deputy Commissioner III, Sri Diganta Saikia, 29.04.2013 Tinsukia ACS 122 Tinsukia Sri Dhrubajyoti LAC 3. Circle Officer, Tinsukia 03.02.2014 Borah, ACS 4. Extra Asstt Commissioner, Manash Jyoti Nath, 12.10.2015 Tinsukia ACS Sri Partha Pratim 1.